A

AFT Back of the vessel.

AFTER PERPENDICULARS A vertical line at the intersection of the summer load line and the after
side of the rudder post or sternpost, or the centerline of the rudder stock
if there is no rudder post or sternpost
AMIDSHIPS The middle portion of a ship
APPENDAGES Structures extending beyond the main hull. They include items like
shafting, rudder, bossing, struts and bilge keels.
ASTERN A backward movement of a vessel
ATHWARTSHIP Across the ship, at right angles to the fore-and-aft centerline

B
BALLAST Any liquid or solid weight placed in a ship to change the trim, increase
the draft, or to regulate the stability
BALLAST TANK Tanks at the bottom or sides of a ship which are filled with seawater for
ballasting purpose.
BARGE Flat-bottomed boat for carrying cargo or bunker oil, usually pulled by
tugs.
BARGE CARRIERS Ships designed to carry barges. (See LASH and SEABEE)
BASELINE A fore-and-aft reference line at the upper surface of the flat plate keel at
the centerline for flush shell plated vessels. Vertical dimensions are
measured from a horizontal plane through the baseline, often called the
molded baseline.
BEAM The width of a ship. Also called breadth.
BEAM, CANT Beams supporting the deck plating in the overhanging portion of the
stern.
BEAM, DECK An athwartship horizontal structural member supporting a flat or deck
BEAM, MOLDED The maximum breadth of a hull measured between the inboard surfaces
of the side shell plating of flush-plated ships
BILGE A recess area fitted at the curved section between the bottom and the
side into which water drains from holds or other spaces.
BILGE BRACKET A vertical transverse flat plate welded to the tank top or margin plate
and to the frame in the area of the bilge.
BILGE KEEL A long longitudinal fin fitted on the curved of a ship at the turn of the
bilge to reduce rolling
BILGE STRAKE Shell plates at the bilge area
BITTER END The inboard end of a ship's anchor chain that is secured in the chain
locker
BLOCK COEFFICIENT The ratio of the underwater volume of a ship to the volume of a
rectangular block with the same effective lengths, draft and beam
BODY PLAN A drawing showing the forms of the various cross sections, the
curvature of the deck lines at the side, and the projections, as straight
lines of the waterlines, the buttock lines, transverse elevations and the
diagonal lines
BOW THRUSTERS A propeller at the bow of the ship, used during maneuvering to provide
transverse thrust
BREADTH See Beam
BREAKBULK VESSEL A general, multipurpose, cargo ship that carriers cargoes of nonuniform
sizes
BREAKWATER Plates fitted on a forward weather deck to form a V-shaped shield
against water that is shipped over the bow

1
BREASTHOOK A triangular plate bracket joining port and starboard side stringers at the
stem.
BRIDGE, FLYING The platform forming the top of the pilot house
BRIDGE, HOUSE An erection fitted on the upper or superstructure deck of a ship. The
officers' quarters, lounge are usually located in the bridge house
BRIDGE, NAVIGATING The command post of a ship.
BROKEN STORAGE The spaces between and around cargo packages, including dunnage, and
spaces not usable because of structural interference.
BROW A small inclined ramp to allow passage of trucks over a hatch coaming
or bulkhead door sills etc
BUCKLER A portable cover secured over the deck opening of the hawsepipes and
the chain pipes to restrict the flow of water through the openings
BUILDING BASIN A structure in which one or more ships may be built and floated by
flooding the basin.
BULK CARGO Cargo such as oil, coal, ore, woodchips, etc. not shipped in bags or
containers
BULK CARRIER Ship designed to carry cargo such as grain, woodchips, ore, coal, etc. in
bulk
BULKHEAD Vertical partition walls which separates the interior of a ship into
compartments or rooms
BULKHEAD DECK The uppermost deck to which the transverse watertight bulkheads are
carried
BULKHEAD, AFTERPEAK First main transverse bulkhead forward of the sternpost
BULKHEAD, The foremost main transverse watertight bulkhead designed to keep
COLLISION OR water out of the forward hold in case of bow collision damage.
FOREPEAK
BULKHEAD, SCREEN Light nonwatertight transverse bulkhead fitted in some Great Lakes ore
carriers
BULWARK Fore-and-aft vertical plating immediately above the upper edge of the
sheer strake
BUNK A built-in bed
BUNKERS Fuel consumed by the engines of a ship
BUTT The end joint between two plates or other members which meet end to
end
BUTT STRAP A strap that overlaps the butt between two plates, serving as a
connecting strength strap between the butted ends of the plating
C
CALK OR CAULK To fill seams in a wood deck with oakum or hammer the adjoining
edges of metal together to stop leaks.
CAMBER The rise of a deck, athwartship
CAMEL A padded fender to keep a vessel away from a pier or quay to prevent
damage to the hull or pier
CANT FRAME A frame connected at the upper end to the cant beams (See beams,
cant.)
CAPACITY PLAN A plan outlining the spaces available for fuel, cargo, ballast, fresh
water, etc, with guides on weight and volume for spaces at various
drafts and displacements
CAPSTAN A stump with a vertical axis used for handling mooring and other lines
CARGO BATTENS Strips of wood fitted inside the frames to keep cargo away from hull
steelwork. Also called sparring
CARGO PORT Opening in a ship's side for loading and unloading cargo.
CARGO SHIFTING Movements or changing positions of cargo from one place to another
which can easily endanger the seaworthiness of the ship
2
CATAMARAN A double hulled vessel
CATHODIC PROTECTION Protection of a ship's hull against corrosion by the use of impressed
electric current or by sacrificial anodes
CATWALK A raised walkway running fore and aft from the midship
CEILING, HOLD AND A covering usually of wood, placed over the tank top for its protection
TANKTOP
CEILING, JOINER WORK The overhead finished surface in quarters, etc.
CENTER GIRDER A vertical plate on the ship's centerline between the flat keel and inner
bottom extending the length of the ship. Also called center vertical keel,
CVK. Or center keelson.
CENTER KEELSON (See Center Girder)
CENTER VERTICAL KEEL (See Center Girder)
CENTERLINE The middle line of the ship, extending from stem to stern at any level.
CERTIFICATE OF A document specifying the country the vessel is registered.
REGISTRY
CHAFING PLATE Bent plate for minimizing chafing of ropes
CHAIN LOCKER A compartment for the stowage of anchor chain
CHAIN PIPE Pipe for passage of chain from windlass to chain locker
CHAIN STOPPER A device used to secure the chain cable when riding at anchor, thereby
relieving the strain on the windlass
CHAMFER To cut off the sharp edge of a 90 degree corner
CHOCK A heavy smooth-surfaced fitting usually located near the edge of the
weather deck through which wire ropes or fiber hawsers may be led,
usually to piers
CHOCK, BOAT A cradle or support for a lifeboat.
CLASSIFICATION Independent and reputable organizations which verifies and inspects
SOCIETY vessels for seaworthiness. As technical experts, they serve to provide
the necessary basis for adjusting insurance rates for the vessel.
CLEAT Clips at intervals on the horizontal stiffeners of hatch coamings to
secure the hatch covers
COAMING, HATCH The vertical plating bounding a hatch for the purpose of stiffening the
edges of the opening and resisting water entry
COASTAL Domestic shipping routes along the coast. (See Intercoastal and
Intracoastal)
COFFERDAM Narrow void space between two bulkheads or floors
COLLIER Vessel used for transporting coal.
COLLISION Electronic system used to prevent collisions in inland navigable
AVOIDANCE SYSTEM waterways.
COLLISION BULKHEAD (See bulkhead, collision.)
COMBI Vessel designed for a combination of passengers, and different types of
cargo.
COMPANIONWAY An access way in a deck, with a ladder leading below, for the use of the
crew
COMPARTMENTATION The subdividing of the hull by transverse watertight bulkheads so that
the ship may remain afloat under certain flooding conditions
CONTAINER A strong steel box of standard dimensions of 8 feet square and length of
20 feet or 40 feet, in which cargo is preloaded.
CONTAINER SHIP A ship designed to carry containers as cargo.

3
 D
DAVIT A crane arm for handling lifeboats, stores, etc.
DEAD RISE Athwartship vertical rise between the keel and the bilge
DEADFREIGHT FACTOR The amount of a ship's carrying capacity that is not utilized.
DEADWEIGHT The total weight in tons (2240 lb.) that a ship carries on a specified draft
including fuel, water in tanks, cargo, stores, passengers, baggage, crew
and their effects, but excluding the water in the boilers. It is the
difference in weight between a vessel when it is fully loaded and when
it is empty measured by the water it displaces.
DECK A platform in a ship corresponding to a floor in a building
DECK HOUSE Small superstructure on the top deck which contains the steering wheel
and other navigational instruments.
DECK STRINGER The strake of deck plating that runs along the outboard edge of a deck
DECK, FREEBOARD Deck to which freeboard is measured
DECK, WEATHER Uppermost continuous deck and having no overhead protection having
watertight openings
DEEP TANK Tanks extending from the bottom or inner bottom up to or higher than
the lowest deck
DEPTH, MOLDED The vertical distance from the molded baseline to the top of the
freeboard deck beam at side, measured at midlength of the ship
DERRICK A device for hoisting and lowering heavy weights, cargo, stores, etc
DISPLACEMENT, LIGHT The displacement in tons of the ship complete with all outfit,
equipment, and machinery on board but excluding all fuel, water in
tanks, cargo, stores, passengers, dunnage, and the crew and their effects.
The light condition displacement includes the lubricating oil for the
machinery and water in the boilers at steaming level. Also called light
weight.
DISPLACEMENT, LOADEDThe displacement of a ship when floating at her greatest allowable draft
DOUBLE BOTTOM Compartments at the bottom of a ship between inner bottom and the
shell plating, used for fresh water, ballast water, fuel oil, etc
DRAFT The depth of the ship below the waterline measured vertically to the
lowest part of the hull
DRAFT MARKS The numbers which are placed on each side of a ship at the bow and
stern from the lower edge of the number to the bottom of the keel
DRY CARGO SHIP Vessel which carries all dry cargo
DRY DOCK An enclosed basin used to place a ship on dry land so that all the
submerged parts and fittings can be repaired.
DUAL PURPOSE SHIP Specially designed ship for carrying different types of cargoes such as
ore and/or oil.
DUNNAGE Cushioning material placed among cargo to prevent their motion
DWT Deadweight tons.
E
ESCAPE TRUNK A vertical trunk fitted with a ladder to permit personnel to escape if
trapped
EVEN KEEL A ship at even keel is when the keel is horizontal
FATHOM A measure of length, equivalent to 6 linear feet, used for depths of
water and lengths of anchor chain
FEU Forty Foot Equivalent Units for Containers. See containers
FLAGS OF CONVENIENCE Flags of nations which offer favorable tax structures and regulations.
Ships registering under the laws of these nations are not always required
to establish their home location in that country.
FLARE The spreading out of the hull form from the central vertical plans,

4
 usually in the front, much like the end of a trumpet
FLOODABLE LENGTH The length of ship which may be flooded without sinking below her
safety or margin line. The floodable length of a vessel varies from point
to point throughout her length and is usually greatest amidships
FLOOR Vertical transverse plate immediately above the bottom shell plating,
often located at every frame, extending from bilge to bilge.
FLUSH DECK SHIP A ship constructed with upper deck extending throughout her entire
length without a break or a superstructure, such as forecastle, bridge or
poop
FORECASTLE The raised part of the forward end of a ship's deck. It is used for the
storing paints, tackle, deck stores, tarpaulins, ropes, etc.
FORWARD The front part of a ship.
FORWARD OR A vertical line at the intersection of the fore side of the stem and the
FORE PERPENDICULARS summer load waterline (See length between perpendiculars)
FRAME Transverse members that make up the riblike skeleton of a ship
FREEBOARD The distance from the waterline to the upper surface of the freeboard
deck at side.
FREEING PORT An opening in the lower portion of a bulwark, which allows deck water
to drain overboard
G
GANGWAY A narrow hanging staircase used by persons entering or leaving a vessel
from the pier or boat
GARBOARD STRAKE The strake of bottom shell plating adjacent to the keel plate.
GENERAL CARGO Non-bulk cargo. The cargo may be of various kinds
GIRDER A continuous member usually running fore and aft under a deck for the
purpose of supporting the deck beams and deck
GREAT LAKES SHIP Cargo ship used to carry cargo on the Great Lakes. Most carry bulk
cargoes of grain, iron ore or coal.
GROSS REGISTERED See Tonnage
TONS
GROUNDING Contact of the bottom of a ship with the sea floor
GUNWALE BAR (See Stringer bar)

H
HARD AGROUND A ship which has gone aground and is not able to move under her own
power.
HATCH BATTENS Flat bars which are wedged against hatch coamings to secure tarpaulin
HATCH BEAM Portable beam across a hatch to support hatch covers
HATCH OR HATCHWAY An opening in a deck through which cargo and stores are loaded or
unloaded
HAWSE PIPE Tube through which anchor chain is led overboard from the windlass
on the deck
HAWSER Strong rope or steel cable used for securing or mooring ships
HEEL The inclination of a ship to one side (See list)
HELM Steering wheel installed on the bridge or wheelhouse of a ship to turn
the rudder during manoeuvering and navigation
HOGGING Straining of the ship that tends to make the bow and stern lower than
the middle portion (See Sagging)
HOISTING ROPE Flexible wire rope for lifting purposes, generally being of six strands
with 19 wires in each strand and in most cases having a hemp rope at
the center. Also called wire rope

5
HOLD The large spaces below deck for the stowage of cargo
HULL Body of a ship which floats on the water
INERT GAS SYSTEM A system of filling the space above the cargo oil in tankers with carbon
dioxide from the boiler exhaust so as to prevent explosion.
I
INTERCOASTAL Domestic shipping routes serving more than one coast.
INTERCOSTAL Made in separate parts; between floors, frames or beams, etc; the
opposite of continuous
INTERNATIONAL LOAD A certificate issued after the vessel has been surveyed and load lines
LINE CERTIFICATE marked on her sides.
INTERNATIONAL A certificate issued by a government department in accordance with
TONNAGE CERTIFICATE the International Convention of Tonnage Measurement of Ships stating
the gross and net tonnages
INTERNATIONAL International straits, inland and interocean canals and rivers separating
WATERWAYS the territories of two or more nations which are can be navigated by
both merchant ships and warships with no restrictions
INTRACOASTAL Domestic shipping routes along a single coast.
K
KEEL The principal fore-and-aft component of a ship's framing located along
the centerline of the bottom and connected to the stem and stern frames
KEEL BLOCKS Heavy wood or concrete blocks on which ship rests during construction
or drydocking
KEEL, FLAT PLATE The horizontal, centerline, bottom shell strake constituting the lower
flange of the keel
KNEE, BEAM Bracket between a deck beam and frame
KNOT Unit of speed in nautical mile (6,080 feet or 1,852 meters) per hour.
L
L/T Long tons (2,240 lbs.).
LAKER Type of ship which trades only in the Great Lakes of North America.
The cargo is usually grain and ore.
LASH Lighter Aboard Ship: A ship designed to carry floating containers or
lighters.
LENGTH BETWEEN The length of a ship between the forward and after perpendiculars
PERPENDICULARS
LENGTH, OVERALL The extreme length of a ship measured from the foremost point of the
stem to the aftermost part of the stern
LIFEBOAT A boat which is used when the ship is in danger and has to be
abandoned
LIGHT WEIGHT (See Displacement, light)
LIGHTER A flat-bottomed boat for transporting cargo between ship and shore.
LIGHTER ABOARD SHIP See LASH
LIGHTERS Small barges for carrying cargo between ship and shore
LIMBER HOLE A small drain hole or slot in a frame or plate for the purpose of
preventing water or oil from collecting
LINER A cargo ship which sails between regular ports of call on a schedule
LINES (PLAN) The plans that show the shape or form of the ship
LIST When the centerline plane of a ship is not vertical, the ship is said to
list, or to heel
LNG CARRIER Liquefied natural gas carrier.
LOAD LINE The line on a ship which indicates the maximum depth to which it can
sink when loaded with cargo. Also known as marks.
6
LOAD WATERLINE The line on the lines plan of a ship, representing the intersection of the
ship's form with the plane of the water surface when the ship is floating
at the summer freeboard draft or at the designed draft. Also called
marks
LONG TON 2,240 pounds.
LONGITUDINALS Fore-and-aft structural shape or plate members attached to the
underside of decks, flats, or to the inner bottom, or on the inboard side
of the shell plating.
LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
M
M.V. Motor Vessel or Diesel Engine driven ship
M/T Metric tons (2,250 lbs.).
MAIN DECK The continuous deck of a ship running from fore to aft. The freeboard
is measured from this deck.
MARGIN BRACKET A bracket connecting a side frame to the margin plate at the bilge
MARGIN LINE A line, not less than 3 in below the top of the bulkhead deck at side,
defining the highest permissible waterplane in the final condition of
sinkage, trim and heel
MAST A tall vertical or raked structure, usually of circular section, located on
the centerline of a ship and used to carry navigation lights, radio
antennas and cargo booms
MASTHEAD LIGHT A white light situated on the fore and aft centerline of a ship
METACENTER The intersection point of a vertical line drawn through the line of
buoyancy of a slightly listed vessel which intersects the centerline
plane
METACENTRIC HEIGHT The distance from the metacenter to the center of gravity of a ship. If
the center of gravity is below the metacenter the vessel is stable
MIDSHIP SECTION A drawing showing a typical cross section of the hull and
superstructure at or near amidships and giving the scantlings of the
principal structural members
MOLD LOFT A floor space used for laying down the full size lines of a ship for
making templates for construction
MOORING Securing a ship at a dock or elsewhere by ropes or cables
MOORING LINE A cable or rope used in securing a ship
MULTIPURPOSE SHIP A ship designed for carrying different types of cargoes requiring
different methods of handling. See OBO ship

NATIONAL FLAG The flag flown by a ship to show her nationality.

NET CAPACITY The weight of cargo which a vessel can carry when loaded in salt water
to her summer freeboard marks. Also called cargo carrying capacity,
cargo deadweight, useful deadweight.
NET TONNAGE See Tonnage (Net)
NRT Net registered tons. See Tonnage (Net)
O
OBO SHIP A multipurpose ship that can carry ore, dry bulk goods and oil.
OIL TANKER A ship designed for transporting oil in bulk
OPEN REGISTRY See "flag of convenience" or "flag of necessity"
ORE CARRIER A large ship designed for the transportation of ore.
ORE-BULK-OIL See OBO ship
CARRIER
7
OUTBOARD Away from, the centerline towards the side; outside the hull
P
PANAMAX A vessel designed small enough for passage through the Panama Canal
PANTING The pulsation in and out of the bow and stern plating as the ship
alternately rises and plunges deep into the water
PANTING FRAME The frames in the forward and after portions of the hull framing to
strengthen against shell panting
PARALLEL The amidships portion of a ship in which the contour of the underwater
MIDDLE BODY hull form is unchanged
PASSENGER SHIP A ship authorized to carry more than twelve passengers.
PERIOD OF ROLL The time occupied in performing one complete roll of a ship as from
starboard to port and back to starboard
PILOT HOUSE The enclosed space on the navigating bridge from which a ship is
controlled when under way. See bridge
PINTLES The pins or bolts that hinge the rudder to the gudgeons on the rudder
post or sternpost
POOP A superstructure fitted at the after end of the upper deck
PORT The left-hand side of a ship when facing forward
PRODUCT CARRIER A tanker used to carry refined oil products. Normally four different
grades of oil can be handled simultaneously.

Q
QUARTERS Accommodations.
R
RAKE Fore-and-aft inclination from the vertical
REEFER A ship designed for carrying goods requiring refrigeration
REEFER CONTAINERAn insulated container fitted with a refrigeration unit for carrying cargo
requiring temperature control
RO/RO SHIP Cargo or ferry ship on which trucks and other vehicles can be driven on
and off on ramps through large openings at the bow, stern or side
RUDDER STOCK A vertical rudder shaft that connects to the steering gear
RUDDER STOP A stout bracket to limit the swing of the rudder to the maximum 37
degree starboard or port
S
S.S. Steamship.
S/T Short tons (2,000 lbs.).
SAGGING Straining of the ship that tends to make the middle portion lower than
the bow and stern (See hogging)
SCUPPERS Drains from decks to carry off accumulations of rainwater,
condensation or seawater
SCUTTLE A small circular or oval opening fitted in decks to provide access
SEA CHEST An opening for supplying seawater to condensers, pumps, etc. located
in the hull below the waterline and having means for the attachment of
the associated piping
SEA TRIALS A series of trials done at sea to determine whether the ship has met the
specifications of design, modification, or repair
SEA WORTHINESS The condition of a vessel with regards to materials, construction,
equipment, crew and outfit which is considered safe for the trade in

8
 which it is employed
SEABEE A self-propelled sea barge larger than the "LASH" but using rollers to
move aboard the ship
SEAWORTHINESS A certificate issued by a classification society surveyor allowing a
CERTIFICATE vessel with a mishap affecting its seaworthiness to proceed to another
port where permanent repairs can be carried out.
SELF-SUSTAINING A containership fitted with her own crane for loading and discharging
SHIP containers
SELF-TRIMMING A ship whose cargo holds are shaped so that the cargo levels by itself.
SHIP
SELF-UNLOADER A bulk carrier which is equipped with cargo unloading gear
SHEER The longitudinal curve of a vessel's decks in a vertical plane. Due to
sheer, a vessel's deck height above the baseline is higher at the stem and
stern than at amidships
SHEER STRAKE The course of shell plating at strength deck level
SHELL EXPANSION A plan showing the seams and butts, thickness and associated welding
or riveting of all plates comprising the shell plating, framing, etc.
SHELL PLATING The plates forming the outer side and bottom skin of the hull
SHELTER DECK A superstructure deck fitted continuous from stem to stern and fitted
with at least one tonnage opening
SHIFTING Moving the ship to suit the location of shore cargo loading gear
SHIFTING BOARD Portable bulkhead members, generally constructed of wood planking
and fitted fore and aft in cargo holds when carrying grain or other cargo
to prevent shifting when the ship is rolling
SHORE A brace or prop used for support while building a ship
SHORT TON 2,000 pounds.
SISTER SHIPS Ships built on the same design.
SKEG A deep, vertical, finlike projection on the bottom of a vessel near the
stern
SKYLIGHT A glass covered framework fitted over a dock opening for admitting
light and air into the compartment below
SLOP TANK A tank in a tanker into which the residue of tank washing are pumped.
SOUNDING PIPE A pipe leading to the bottom of an oil or water tank, for guiding a
sounding tape or jointed rod when measuring the depth of liquid in the
tank
SPARRING (See Cargo battens)
SPECTACLE FRAME A large casting extending outboard from the main hull for supporting
for the ends of the propeller shafts in a multi-screw ship
STABILITY The ability of a ship to return to her normal upright position when listed
by the action of waves, wind, etc.
STARBOARD The right-hand side of a ship when facing forward
STEALER A single wide plate that is butt-connected to two narrow plates, usually
near the ends of a ship.
STEM The upright bow frame forming the apex of the intersection of the
forward sides of a ship
STERN FRAME Large casting attached to th after end of the keel, incorporating the
rudder gudgeons and propeller post in single-screw ships
STERN TUBE The watertight tube enclosing and supporting the propeller shaft on
bearings
STERN, A stern with a "shoeless" stern frame
CLEARWATER
STERN, CRUISER A spoon-shaped stern used an most merchant ships designed to give
maximum immersed length

9
STERN, TRANSOM A square-ended stern used to provide additional hull volume and deck
space aft and to decrease resistance in some high speed ships.
STERNPOST The vertical part of the stern frame to which the rudder is attached
STERNWAY The reverse movement of a vessel. See astern
STIFF, STIFFNESS A stiff ship is one which have a short period of roll and therefore will
roll uncomfortably
STIFFENER An angle, T-bar channel, built-up section etc, used to stiffen plating of a
bulkhead, etc.
STORE A general term for provisions, materials and supplies used aboard ship
STOWAGE The placing of goods in a ship in such a way as to ensure the safety and
stability of the ship
STRANDING The running of a ship on shore on a beach.
STRENGTH DECK The deck that is designed as the uppermost part of the main hull
longitudinal strength girder
STRINGER A fore-and-aft girder running along the side of a ship at the shell and
also to the outboard strake of plating on any deck
STRINGER BAR The angle connecting the deck plating to the shell plating or to the
inside of the frames. The strength deck stringer bar is usually called the
gunwale bar
SWASH BULKHEAD Longitudinal or transverse nonwatertight bulkheads fitted in a tank to
decrease the swashing action of the liquid contents as a ship rolls and
pitches at sea
SWASH PLATE A plate serving the purpose of a swash bulkhead, but not extending to
the bottom of the tank
T
T.E.U. Twenty Foot Equivalent Unit for containers. See containers
TAIL SHAFT The ship's propeller shaft
TANK-BARGE A river barge for the carrying of liquid bulk cargo
TANKER Ship designed for transporting liquid cargo, usually petroleum products
TENDER A tender ship is one which have a long period of roll but may list
excessively in a strong wind and may be dangerous if a hold is flooded
following a collision
TEST HEAD The head or height of a column of water which will give a prescribed
pressure on the vertical or horizontal sides of a compartment or tank in
order to test its tightness, or strength
TONNAGE See deadweight
(DEADWEIGHT)
TONNAGE (GROSS) Gross tonnage includes a ship's internal volume, excluding such spaces
as the peak, double bottom, deep tanks used only for water ballast,
bridge, forecastle, open-ended poop, certain light and air spaces,
skylights, anchor and steering gear spaces, toilets, the wheelhouse, and
certain passenger spaces
TONNAGE (GROSS, A measure of the internal volume of spaces within a vessel in which
NET) 100 cu.ft.. is 1 ton
TONNAGE (NET) Net tonnage is the gross tonnage less certain additional spaces such as
crew and officer spaces, chart room, and a percentage of the propelling
machinery spaces; also see deadweight, displacement, light and
displacement, loaded
TONNAGE Nonwatertight openings in the shelter deck and in the ''tween deck
OPENINGS bulkheads immediately below in order to exclude spaces from tonnage
measurement and thus obtain reduced gross and net tonnage. The
openings could be closed by nonwatertight wood shifting boards or
metal covers meeting the tonnage and load line regulations
10
TRANSOM BEAM The aftermost transverse deck beam
TRANSOM FRAME The aftermost transverse side frame
TRIM The difference between the draft forward and the draft aft. A ship is
trimmed by adjusting the location of fuel, cargo, ballast, etc.
TRIMARAN A triple hulled vessel
TRIPPING BRACKET Flat bars or plates fitted at various points on deck girders, stiffeners, or
beams as reinforcements to prevent their free flanges from tripping
TUG A boat equiped with powerful engines for towing or pushing large ships
or barges
TUMBLEHOME Inboard slope of a ship's side above the designed waterline
TWEEN DECK The space between any two adjacent decks
U
ULCC Ultra Large Crude Carriers. Tankers larger than 300,000 dwt.
UNMANNED Engine room or space fitted with sensors and controls for monitoring and
MACHINERY responding to machinery operating conditions. This makes it unnecessary
SPACES for personnel to be present in the space at all times
V
VLCC Very Large Crude Carriers. Tankers between 200,000 and 300,000 dwt.
W
WATERLINE The line of the water's edge when the ship is afloat

11