:

(Bond, Anchorage and Development Length)

. ACI 318-08

. .

€•‚ ACI ƒ„ 12.2.3 …„ † ‡

 fy ψt ψe ψs 
ld =   db
 1.1 λ f'c  cb + Ktr  
  
db
  

 cb + Ktr 
   2.5 ˆ‰ ‹ Š Œ •, f'c  8.3MPa ‚Ž
db
 
‹„ ••

ψt = ˆ‹ (Reinforcement location factor)

ψt = 1.3 ‘ ’• € ‹ „ † “” • ”‹ –— 300mm˜ “

ψt = 1.0 ‘ ’• ™ ƒš ›”

ψe = ˆ‹ …„(coating factor)

ψe = 1.5 ‘ ’• …„ (epoxy-coating) ‚ ’ ”‹
”Œ ‘— 3db ‚Ž ˆœ” ˜ Ž””Œ ‘— 6db

ψe = 1.2 ‘ ’• ˆ …„ ™ ›”

ψe = 1.0 ‘ ’• Ž‚ …„ ’ • ž “

Ÿ‹ ‚ •— Ÿ ¡ ψt ψe  1.7

ψs = ˆ‹ ¢ ( Bar size factor)

ψs = 0.8 ‘ ’• ”Œ ‘— • ¤£ 20mm

ψs = 1.0 ‘ ’• –— • £¤ 22mm

λ = ˆ‹ ”‹ ¥£ ¦

λ = 0.75 § ˜ ¤ ”‹ ¥£ ¦ ( Ž‚ ¦
¤ Š ¨˜–‚ ™‚ ”‹ ¦ fct •• )
 fct
λ=  1.0
0.56 f'c

λ = 1.0 ‘ ’• ”‹ – £

cb =ˆ ”• ’

¤ © ”™ ”Œ ‘ — ‹ „ ‘ ¡ ª”™ ˆ « ‘¬-˜†ž š ™ƒ® ”‹ ¯

° •1.5™‚ˆœ” ˆ Ž”†ž š

Ktr = ‚® š‚ ’±

40Atr
Ktr =
sn

Atr = ²™ƒ® ‹ ™‚ ³± † § ‹ „ ˆœ” s

s = ˆœ”†” Ž ³± ‹„ ld ˆŽ”˜ †ž š

n = ‘‚´‚ ³±

f'c = ¨˜–‚ “” ”‹

†„ ˆ • ”µ ©‚†‚‹ ¶· ”¸¹ ¤ Ktr = 0 — ˆ •¦ ³· • — ‚” ‚ ³± º

*** † » ˆ « 300mmº

. .ª ¦ ³·

. : ¦ ³· ¼ ž- €•‚ ACI

 fy ψt ψe  f'c := 4000psi = 27.579MPa

ld =  d §˜
 2.1λ f'c  b
  fy := 60000psi = 413.685 MPa
 ψt , ψe , λ = 1 •• ld = 38db

 fy ψt ψe  §˜
ld =  d f'c := 4000psi = 27.579MPa
 1.7λ f'c  b
 
fy := 60000psi = 413.685 MPa

ψt , ψe , λ = 1 •• ld = 48db

 fy ψt ψe  §˜
ld =  d f'c := 4000psi = 27.579MPa
 1.4λ f'c  b
 
fy := 60000psi = 413.685 MPa

ψt , ψe , λ = 1 •• ld = 57db

 fy ψt ψe  §˜
ld =  d f'c := 4000psi = 27.579MPa
 1.1λ f'c  b
 
fy := 60000psi = 413.685 MPa

ψt , ψe , λ = 1 •• ld = 72db

. .½ ldt …„ † ‡ ‚ ¾ ‚¿
(Development length for headed deformed bar in tension)

 0.19ψe fy 
ldt =  db
 f'c 
 
ψe = 1.2 ‘ ’• …„ ’

ψe = 1.0 ‘ ’• ƒš ›”

Œ . : …„† ‡ ‚ ¾ ‚¿
 . €

(Development Length of Deformed Bars in Compression)

 0.24fy 
ldc =  d  0.043db fy
 λ f'c  b
 
…„† ‡ “” ldc ¼‘ˆ •‘ ˜ À ¤ Ÿ‹ ‚ Ž‚ ”µ ”Œ ‘

— 200mmº

.• € ‚ ƒ € „ €

(Anchorage of Tension Bar by Standard Hooks )

.½. ¢ €

. ˜” ‹180o Œ ˜•- Ÿ Á‘¡ 4 ™‚ •®”ƒÂŽ” Ÿ‹ ‚ Ž‚” Ž‘— 65mm ” ‘‹

‚

ª. ˜” ‹ 90o Œ ˜•- Ÿ Á‘¡ 12 ™‚ •®”ƒÂŽ” ” ‘‹ ‚

½. “ ‚Ž ‘ Ã
o
. ‘ ’• ”Œ ‘ — • ¤£ 16mm ˜” ‹ 90
Œ ˜‚- Ÿ Á‘¡ 6 ™‚ •®”ƒÂ”
Ž ” ‘‹ ‚

Ä. ‘ ’• 19mm 22mm ‚ Ž 25mm ˜” ‹ 90o Œ ˜‚- Ÿ Á‘¡ 12 ™‚

•®”ƒÂŽ” ” ‘‹ ‚
o
ˆ. ‘ ’• ”Œ ‘ — • ¤£ 25mm ˜” ‹ 135 Œ ˜‚- Ÿ Á‘¡ 6 ™‚
•®”ƒÂ”
Ž ” ‘‹ ‚

Œ .ª: ˜ € (a) ¡- (b) ‚Ž ‘

 .ª: •®”ƒÂŽ” † » ™‚ ˜” ˜ €

.½.ª ‚Ž ˆ‹ ”Œ ˜

‹ ldh ‚ ” Œ ‘ ¬Å ‹„ Œ .½ ‚ Ž Æ ˜ ‹Ä ” •…„ ‘‚‹ ‘ÇÈ-

° ¤ ƒ„ ” ™‚ º ™‚ ˜ € Œ ‘ ¬Å ‹„ Œ É.ªˆ «

 0.24ψe fy 
ldh =  d Ÿ‹ ‚ Ž‚ ”µ ” Ž‘— 8db • 150mm
 λ f'c  b
 
ldh ‚•ˆ´ ”ˆ‹ ‚Ê ˆ‹ ” Œ †‚‹ ” ‚ ‚ Ë ‹„ .½º

Œ .½: † Ž” ™‚ ˜ €

Œ .Ì: ËÄ Í ³± ” ‘‹ €‘™‚† “”— ´- ‘¬- ’ ”Œ ‘

.½: ˜
 Œ .Ì: “ ŸŒ Ÿ † Ž Î ‚

.… (Splice of Deformed Bar in Tension)

” ¼‘Ï”—‘¡”…„ A • B Ÿ‹ ‚ Ž‚ ”µ ”Œ ‘ — 300mmº
‘¡”…„ A: 1.0ld

‘¡”…„ B: 1.3ld

.Ì: ”
 Œ . : ˆœ”˜ Ž” ”

.† € (Splice of Deformed Bar in Compression)

(
lsc = 0.071fy db  0.13fy - 24 db )
” ”† » Ž‚ ”µ ”Œ ‘ — 300mmº

Œ . : ËÄ Í” ˜Ž
Ð ¢ . :ˆ • “ /

T
•®”ƒÂŽ” à db := ( 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 25 28 32 ) mm

T
¨˜–‚ ”‹ à f'c := ( 25 27 30 35 40 45 50 55 ) MPa

¨˜–‚ à fy := 400MPa

• ”‹ “ Ã H := 350mm

Ñ ”‹ Ã

ËÄ Í Ã

A. “

i := 1 .. rows db ( ) j := 1 .. rows f'c ( )

ψt := 1.3 if H  300mm ψt = 1.3
1.0 otherwise

ψe := 1.0 if Bar = "Uncoating" ψe = 1

1.2 otherwise

ψs := 0.8 if db  20mm
i i
1.0 otherwise

λ := 1.0 if Concrete = "Normal" λ=1

0.75 otherwise

Ktr := 0 ( ˆ •¦ ³· )

db
i
cb := 30mm + 6mm +
i 2

 cb + Ktr 
Termi := min  i
, 2.5
 db 
 i 
 10 0.8 41 2.5
12 0.8 42 2.5
14 0.8 43 2.5
16 0.8 44 2.5

db = 18 mm ψs = 0.8 cb = 45 mm Term = 2.5

20 0.8 46 2.3
22 1 47 2.136
25 1 48.5 1.94
28 1 50 1.786
32 1 52 1.625

 fy min ( ψt ψe , 1.7) ψs  
ld := max  i 
db , 300mm
j, i   f'c   bc + Ktr   i 
 1.1MPa λ min j  i
, 2.5  
  MPa , 8.3 min  d   
    bi
 

 fy min ( ψt ψe , 1.7) ψs  
 i  300mm 
l'd := max ,
j, i   f'c   cb + Ktr  db 
 1.1MPa λ min  j
, 8.3 min  i
, 2.5  i 
  MPa   db  
    i  

.Ò. : “

f'c Diameter of deformed bar with the steel yield strength fy = 400MPa, (mm)
(MPa) 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 25 28 32
25 303 363 424 484 545 658 974 1218 1482 1862
27 300 349 408 466 524 633 937 1172 1427 1792
30 300 331 387 442 497 600 889 1112 1353 1700
35 300 307 358 409 460 556 823 1030 1253 1574
40 300 300 335 383 431 520 770 963 1172 1472
45 300 300 316 361 406 490 726 908 1105 1388
50 300 300 300 342 385 465 688 862 1048 1317
55 300 300 300 326 367 443 656 821 999 1255
*The minimum development length in tension is 300mm.

 f' db
T
ld 
c
 MPa 
 mm mm 
 .Ò.ª: “ ˆ Ž”†‚‹ ˆ ‚™‚ •®”ƒÂŽ”

f'c Diameter of deformed bar with the steel yield strength fy = 400MPa
(MPa) 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 25 28 32
25 30 30 30 30 30 33 44 49 53 58
27 30 29 29 29 29 32 43 47 51 56
30 30 28 28 28 28 30 40 44 48 53
35 30 26 26 26 26 28 37 41 45 49
40 30 25 24 24 24 26 35 39 42 46
45 30 25 23 23 23 25 33 36 39 43
50 30 25 21 21 21 23 31 34 37 41
55 30 25 21 20 20 22 30 33 36 39

 f' db
T

c
 MPa l'd 
 mm 

B. “ “”

 fy  
 MPa
 fy 
ldc := max  0.24  db , 0.043 db , 200mm
j, i f'c  i i MPa
 j

  
 MPa  

. : “ “”

f'c Diameter of deformed bar with the steel yield strength fy = 400MPa, (mm)
(MPa) 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 25 28 32
25 200 230 269 307 346 384 422 480 538 614
27 200 222 259 296 333 370 406 462 517 591
30 200 210 245 280 315 351 386 438 491 561
35 200 206 241 275 310 344 378 430 482 550
40 200 206 241 275 310 344 378 430 482 550
45 200 206 241 275 310 344 378 430 482 550
50 200 206 241 275 310 344 378 430 482 550
55 200 206 241 275 310 344 378 430 482 550
*The minimum development length in compression is 200mm.

 f' db
T
ldc 
c
 MPa 
 mm mm 
C. “ ˜ €

 fy  
 ψ e MPa  
ldh := max  0.24  db , 8 db , 150mm
j, i  f'c  i i 
j
 λ  
 MPa  

.É: “ ˜ €

f'c Diameter of deformed bar with the steel yield strength fy = 400MPa, (mm)
(MPa) 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 25 28 32
25 192 230 269 307 346 384 422 480 538 614
27 185 222 259 296 333 370 406 462 517 591
30 175 210 245 280 315 351 386 438 491 561
35 162 195 227 260 292 325 357 406 454 519
40 152 182 213 243 273 304 334 379 425 486
45 150 172 200 229 258 286 315 358 401 458
50 150 163 190 217 244 272 299 339 380 434
55 150 155 181 207 233 259 285 324 362 414
*The minimum development length of standard hook in tension is 8db or 150mm.

 f' db
T
ldh 
c
 MPa 
 mm mm 
fy
0.19ψe
MPa
D. “ ‚ ¾ ldt := db
j, i  f'c  i
j
min  40 , 
 MPa 

.Ó: “ ‚ ¾

f'c Diameter of deformed bar with the steel yield strength fy = 400MPa, (mm)
(MPa) 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 25 28 32
25 152 182 213 243 274 304 334 380 426 486
27 146 176 205 234 263 293 322 366 410 468
30 139 167 194 222 250 278 305 347 389 444
35 128 154 180 206 231 257 283 321 360 411
40 120 144 168 192 216 240 264 300 336 385
45 120 144 168 192 216 240 264 300 336 385
50 120 144 168 192 216 240 264 300 336 385
55 120 144 168 192 216 240 264 300 336 385
 . :

T
db := ( 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 25 28 32 ) mm

fy := 400MPa

i := 1 .. rows db ( )
€ •

lst := 1.3ld if Lap_Type = "Class B splice"

ld otherwise

‚ƒ .„.…: € •

Diameter of deformed bar with the steel yield strength fy = 400MPa, (mm)
f'c (MPa)
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 25 28 32
25 393 472 551 629 708 855 1266 1584 1927 2420
27 390 454 530 606 681 823 1218 1524 1854 2329
30 390 431 503 574 646 781 1155 1446 1759 2209
35 390 399 465 532 598 723 1070 1339 1629 2046
40 390 390 435 498 560 676 1001 1252 1524 1913
45 390 390 410 469 528 637 943 1181 1436 1804
50 390 390 390 445 501 605 895 1120 1363 1711
55 390 390 390 424 477 576 853 1068 1299 1632

‚ƒ .„. : € • †‡ ˆ ‰ Š

Diameter of deformed bar with the steel yield strength fy = 400MPa

f'c (MPa)
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 25 28 32
25 39 39 39 39 39 43 58 63 69 76
27 39 38 38 38 38 41 55 61 66 73
30 39 36 36 36 36 39 53 58 63 69
35 39 33 33 33 33 36 49 54 58 64
40 39 33 31 31 31 34 45 50 54 60
45 39 33 29 29 29 32 43 47 51 56
50 39 33 28 28 28 30 41 45 49 53
55 39 33 28 27 27 29 39 43 46 51
  fy  fy  
lsc := max 0.071 db ,  0.13 - 24 db , 300mm
i  MPa i  MPa  i 

10 300
12 340.8
14 397.6
16 454.4

db = 18 mm lsc = 511.2 mm
20 568
22 624.8
25 710
28 795.2
32 908.8