COMPUTER APPLICATION FOR MASS MEDIA

COURSE OUTLINE
1). Basic concept of Word Processing Application Program for Mass Media

 MS-Word: Designing a Newsletter

2). Basic concept of Spreadsheet Application Program for Mass Media

 MS-Excel: Creating a TV Program Schedule.

3). Basic concept of Presentation Application Program for Mass Media

 MS-PowerPoint: Creating Visual presentation.

4). Basic concept of Database Application Program for Mass Media

 MS-Access: Creating Advertisement log.

5). Internet as Communication and Research Tools in Mass Media operations

 WordPress for blogging and news, Grammarly App for typo and grammatical error
corrections.

1). Basic concept of word Processing Application Program for Mass Media
Word-processing is essentially typing, editing, and manipulation of a document in a desired form.

A Word Processor is an application or program for manipulating text-based documents. It is the

electronic equivalent of paper, pen, typewriter, eraser, dictionary, and thesaurus. Word processors
range from simple through to complex. But word processors make the tasks associated with editing
documents (deleting, inserting, rewording, and so on) very easy.

Types of word processor:

 Dedicated word processor

 Standard word processor
 Word processing packages on minicomputer

Examples of word processor:

 WordPerfect
 Microsoft Word
 Wordmark
 Lotus WordPro
 Procedure Write
 Notepad
  WordPad

Steps to execute word-processing:

a). The writer writes the text

b). The writer edits (correcting and improving) the text
c). The writer composes the text i.e. the way a writer structure and compose a piece of writing.
d). Proofreading i.e. To check for errors in a text before it’s been published.

MICROSOFT WORD

MS- Word: is a word processor developed by Microsoft Corporation. It is an application used to

create, edit, print and save a document. It allows the user to insert pictures, tables, charts, drawings &
features that will make the text richer & more interactive. The extension name of MS- word is .docx
or .doc for older version

Ribbon: Ribbon contains commands organized in three components:

 Tabs: These appear across the top of the Ribbon and contain groups of related commands.
Home, Insert, Page Layout are examples of ribbon tabs.
 Groups: They organize related commands; each group name appears below the group on the
Ribbon. For example, group of commands related to fonts or group of commands related to
alignment, etc.
 Commands: Commands appear within each group as mentioned above.

Each of the tabs contains the following tools:

Home: Clipboard, Fonts, Paragraph, Styles, and Editing.

Insert: Pages, Tables, Illustrations, Links, Header & Footer, Text, and Symbols
Page Layout: Themes, Page Setup, Page Background, Paragraph, Arrange
References: Table of Contents, Footnote, Citation & Bibliography, Captions, Index, and Table of
Authorities
Mailings: Create, Start Mail Merge, Write & Insert Fields, Preview Results, Finish
Review: Proofing, Comments, Tracking, Changes, Compare, Protect
View: Document Views, Show/Hide, Zoom, Window, Macros

BASIC FUNCTIONS OF MS-WORD:

TO OPEN MS-WORD

Step 1: Click on the windows search bar on your Computer and type Word to display the MS-Word
app.

Step 2: Select the MS-Word app to open it.

TO START NEW DOCUMENT:

Creates a new blank document based on the default template

Step 1: From the Menu bar click the File tab and select the New option.

Step 2: Double-click on the Blank document

TO SAVE NEW DOCUMENT:

Saves the active file with its current file name, location and file format

Step 1: From the Menu bar click the File tab and select the Save or Save As option.

Step 2: This will display a save dialog box that will lets you navigate through different folders, select
your desire folder, type the name of your file and click Save.

TO PRINT DOCUMENT:

Prints the active file - for more print options go to the File menu and select Print

Step 1: From the Menu bar click the File tab and select the Print button

Step 2: Print dialog box appears. Select Printer name, Select All pages (or) Current page (or) type
the page numbers and also select
number of copies according to the requirement and click O.K

TYPING AND INSERTING TEXT:

To type insert text on the document area

Step: Position the insertion point i.e. a vertical blinking line, where you want the text to appear and
type-in texts with the keyboard.

SELECTING TEXT:

To highlight or select a particular text

Step: Use the Mouse to Highlight the test from the first letter of the word or paragraph you which to
select to the last letter of the same word or paragraph.

DELETING TEXT:

To erase text completely

Step: Use the BACKSPACE to erase text to the left of the cursor or use the DELETE key to erase
text to the right.

UNDO AND REDO:

Undo Reverses the last command, while Redo Reverses the action of the Undo button.

Step: To undo the previous work select Edit\Undo or press Ctrl + Z

Step: To redo the previous action, select Edit\Repeat or press Ctrl + Y

CUTTING, COPYING AND PASTING TEXT:

Cut Removes the selection from the document and places it on the clipboard while Copy Copies the
selected item(s) to the clipboard then Paste Places the content of the clipboard at the insertion point
Step 1: Highlight the text you need to cut or copy and right click on the mouse to select cut or copy
from the option box

Step 2: To paste the previously cut or copied text, move the cursor to the location you want to move
the text to and right click on the mouse to select paste from the option box.

INSERTING PICTURES:
A number of pictures are available in MS Word that can be inserted into any document
Step 1: Click on the place, where the picture is to be inserted.
Step 2: Select Insert Picture.
Step 3: Select the required category and click on the required picture from the
selected category, Select Insert and click on Close.
INSERTING SHAPES:
A number of Shapes are available in MS Word that can be inserted into any document
Step 1: Click on the place, where the shape is to be inserted.
Step 2: Select Insert tab and locate and click on Shapes.
Step 3: Select the required category and click on the required shapes from the
selected category, Select Insert and click on Close.
INSERTING TESTBOX:
A number of Text Box are available in MS Word that can be inserted into any document
Step 1: Click on the place, where the Text Box is to be inserted.
Step 2: Select Insert tab and locate and click on Text Box.
Step 3: Select the required category and click on the required Text Box from the
selected category, Select Insert and click on Close.

PRACTICAL CLASS:

NEWSLETTER
Newsletters are used in businesses and organizations such as Newspaper, Magazine, Digital
marketing, and etc.
They are a way to communicate with an audience in a professional manner. Crafting a newsletter
correctly can captivate readers and create loyalty.
When crafting a newsletter in Microsoft Word, there are essential steps to be taken whether for a
professional project or just to share updates with friends and family. These are: Open MS-Word and
create a new document. Choose the page size and orientation that best suits your newsletter. Create a
header with an attractive title and add branding elements such as logos or images. Add content using
text boxes to organize and arrange the text. Take advantage of Word’s formatting options to style
font, size, colour, and alignment. Create distinct sections in the document with page breaks or
dividers for better navigation. Proofread the newsletter before sending or publishing.

STEPS TO CREATE A SIMPLE NEWSLETTER:

Step 1: Open a New blank document on Ms-word or (Newsletter template if it matches your choice)

Step 2: Insert shapes for the designs: select Insert tab – click on Shapes – select Square shape
Step 3: Place the mouse at the Insertion point and draw out the shapes

Step 4: To delete the shape border line: Select Shape format – Shape Outline – select No shape
outline box

Step 5: Copy and paste the shape and use it somewhere else on the design.

Step 6: Add textbox: Select Insert tab – click on textbox drop down button to select draw textbox

Step 7: Place the mouse at the Insertion point and draw out the textbox

Step 8: To get rid of the textbox fill and borderline: select Shape Format – click shape outline and
select No outline – click on Shape Fill and select No fill

Step 9: Type your text on the text format and go to Home tab – go to fonts group – and adjust the font
of your text

Step 10: Copy and paste the text and use it somewhere else on the design (place mouse on the textbox
hold Alt and Ctrl key same time and drag out mouse from the textbox)

Step 11: Adjust the boxes and insert your original text appropriately

Step 12: Insert Images: Select Insert tab – click Pictures – Select images from your file – click ok.
Adjust the images and your text, add colours appropriately and save your file for printing, or sending
or publishing.

Step 13: To bring picture to from of text and shapes: Select the picture – select Picture Format tab –
click dropdown of Wrap Text – Select Bring to front. (Same format to send it back)

Step 14: To crop the image: Select Picture Format – select Crop image

Step 15: To Align image with shape: select both picture and shape, hold ctrl key and Select Picture
Format – click Align Right, or Left or Centre. Use same format to align your test boxes or group them
together.

Step 16: To change colour: Select Shape format tab – select colour fill – click on your choice of
colour or click more fill to customize your colour.

MULTIPLE COLUMNS AND IMAGES INSIDE PAGES OF THE NEWSLETTER

Step 1: Create Section Break on the page where you want multi column: place your mouse where you
want the section to start from – go to Layout tab – select Breaks drop down box – click
Continuous – then select with your mouse where you want section break to end – then click
continuous again.

NB: Now you can create column on any of the section you want

Step 2: To create multiple column: Select the page - Go to Layout Tab – select Columns dropdown
box – select number of columns you desire.

Step 3: To wrap text around inserted images: select the image – click on the curve button beside the
image (Layout option) – and select how u want your text to wrap around the image
S tep 4: To create a Drop Cap on your text: Select the first letter of the paragraph – go to insert tab
– click Drop cap box button – select any option you want.

2). Basic concept of Spreadsheet Application Program for Mass Media

Spreadsheet is a software that helps to substitute the paper worksheets in the offices. it displays data
in the
form of rows and columns.
Examples of spreadsheet programs
1. MS-Excel 2. Lotus 1-2-3
3. VisiCalc 4. Quatro Pro

MS-Excel is a window-based spreadsheet developed by Microsoft corporation. It includes all features

of a spreadsheet
package like recalculation, graphs & functions. It also provides many Mathematical, Financial &
Statistical functions.
Thus, it is used in many scientific and engineering environments for analyzing data. Excel can even
hold graphic objects
like pictures & images.

OPERATOR:

Operator is a symbol used to specify the type of calculation that is to be performed on the elements of
a formula. Microsoft Excel includes four different types of calculation operators: arithmetic,
comparison, text and reference.

Arithmetic Operators:
Arithmetic operators perform basic mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction,
multiplication; combine numbers; and produce numeric results.
+ (plus sign) Addition 3+3
- (minus sign) Subtraction Negation 3-1-1
* (asterisk) Multiplication 3*3
/ (forward slash) Division 3/3
% (percent sign) Percent 20%
^ (caret) Exponentiation 3 ^ 2

Comparison Operators:
These operators compare two values and then produce the logical value TRUE or FALSE.

= (equal sign) Equal to A1 = B1

> (greater than sign) Greater than A1 > B1
< (less than sign) Less than A1 < B1
>= (greater than or equal Greater than or equal to A1 > = B1 to sign)
<= (less than or equal to sign) Less than or equal to A1 <= B1
<> (not equal to sign) Not equal to A1<> B1
Text Operators:
The text operator “&” combines one or more text values to produce a single piece of text. Example
“North” & “wind” produce “North wind”

Reference Operators:
Reference operators combine a range of cells for calculations. Example:

: (colon) Range operator B5: B15

, (comma) Union operator SUM (B5:B15, D5:D15) multiple references into one reference
(single Intersection operator, which produces space) SUM (B5:B15 A7: D7)

Statistical Operators:

=SUM(RANGE): This function is used to calculate Total Summation Of values or entries within the
range.
=AVERAGE (—): This calculates the Average of entries within the range.
=MAX (—): This gets the maximum value within the entries in the range.
=MIN (—): This gets the minimum value within the entries in the range.
=COUNT (—): This will count the number of entries within the list.

BASIC STEPS TO EXECUTE TASKS IN MS EXCEL

Entering data:
You can enter text, numbers and dates in an Excel worksheet.
To enter data of any type,
Step 1: Select the cell by clicking on it.
Step 2: Type in the information.
Step 3: Press the Enter key.
When you begin typing, your data also appears in the formula bar.

Editing text:
The easiest way to edit the contents of a cell is to select the cell and then retype the entry, Or Double
click the cell you want to edit. The insertion point appears within the cell, then delete and retype the
new data and press enter.

Ex: Suppose you find that in the cell A6, you have entered the marks as 78 instead of 87, then click on
A6 and type
87 →enter

Formatting a worksheet:

Changing the style or appearance of data in a worksheet is called formatting. You can format the data
in a worksheet
By changing the Font style, font size, & colour.

Aligning data:
By default, any text you enter in Excel is aligned to the left and any value or number is aligned to the
Right. To
change the default alignment, you can use the alignment buttons on the formatting tool bar. Go to
Home Tab – Alignment – and choose from the options of the alignments available.

Formatting Numbers:
Formatting data in a worksheet includes changing the number of decimal places, displaying dates,
times & fractions and adding currency symbols.
To format the number in a cell, the steps are:

Step 1: From the Home Tab – locate Number Group

Step 2: The Default is General, but click the Drop-down button on the General button and select your
choice of number format.

Inserting Rows & Columns:

In Excel, rows & columns can be inserted or deleted without affecting the surrounding rows, columns
& cells.
To insert a row,
Step 1: Rest the mouse pointer over the row above which you want to insert the new row, right click
on your mouse and choose Insert button from the options. To delete Row, choose Delete button from
the option. Similarly, insert a column in same step above.

Changing Row height & Column width:

By default, every row is 12.75 points high and every column is 8.43 characters wide. As you fill it
with data, however
you have to change the size of rows & columns so that it is fitted to the length of the data.
To Resize a column:
1. Rest the mouse pointer on the column boundary on the right side.
2. The shape of the mouse pointer changes to dark cross sign
3. Drag the boundary until the required width is obtained.

Selecting Multiple Cells:

The currently-selected cell in Excel is called the active cell. You can also select a group of adjacent
cells, or a cell range. Many operations can be done against a cell range: move it, copy, it, delete it or
format it.
To Select All Cells in a Column or Row:
Click the gray Column heading to select the entire column. (Click and drag the cursor across other
column headings to select those columns
Click the gray Row heading to select the entire row. (Click and drag the cursor down through the row
headings select those rows

To Select the Entire Worksheet:

Click the gray rectangle in the upper left corner to select entire worksheet.
Cut, Copy & Paste
.

To Create a Simple Formula that Adds the Contents of Two Cells:

Step 1: Type the numbers you want to calculate in separate cells (for example, type 128 in cell B2
and 345 in cell B3).
Step 2: Click the cell where the answer will appear (B4, for example).
Step 3: Type the equal sign (=) to let Excel know a formula is being defined.
Step 4: Type the cell number that contains the first number to be added (B2, for example).
Step 5: Type the addition sign (+) to let Excel know that an add operation is to be performed.
Step 6: Type the cell number that contains the first number to be added (B3, for example).
Step 7: Press Enter or click the Enter button on the Formula bar to complete the formula

Creating Charts:

Charts in Excel are used to represent data pictorially. We can use different types of charts to represent
data.
Types of charts which are available in Excel:
1. Column charts
2. Bar charts
3. Line
4. pie
5. XY (scatter)
6. Area
7. Doughnut
8. Radar
9. Surface
10. Bubble
11. Stock
12. Cylinder, Cone & Pyramid

Step i) Enter the data and select them.

Step ii) Insert table for the selected data
Step iii) Open the Insert Menu and select Chart
Step iv) In the Chart
Wizard – Step 1 of 4, select the type of chart you want to make and click Next
Step v) In
the step 2 of 4, enter chart source data and click Next
Step vi) In the step 3 of 4, enter the chart options like label of
the chart and click Next
Step vii) In the step 4 of 4, give the chart location where you want the chart to be located and
press Finish.

PRACTICAL CLASS:

Creating a TV Program Schedule.

Use these steps as a reference when producing a schedule:

1. Open a blank spreadsheet

2. Create a header

Insert a header for your schedule so everyone clearly understands the document. Do this by
selecting multiple cells across the top of the table you want to create and merging them. For
example, if you want to create a schedule that’s seven columns wide, select cells A1 to F1. Next, click
“Merge & Center” in the alignment toolbar. In this large cell, type the title of your schedule, such as
“TV programs Schedule”. You can adjust the size of the cell and increase the font size to adjust the
header’s appearance.

3. Title your columns with weekdays

4. List names in each row

5. Enter details

6. Save your schedule