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 T830(E)(A11)T
APRIL EXAMINATION

NATIONAL CERTIFICATE: MULTI-DISCIPLINARY DRAWING

OFFICE PRACTICE

INSTALLATION RULES
(Second Paper)
(11040432)

April 2016 (X-Paper)

9:00–12:00

This question paper consists of 7 pages, 1 diagram sheet and

1 information sheet of 6 pages.

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(11040432) -2- T830(E)(A11)T

DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND TRAINING

REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
NATIONAL CERTIFICATE:MULTI-DISCIPLINARY DRAWING OFFICE PRACTICE
INSTALLATION RULES
(Second Paper)
TIME: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Answer ALL the questions.

2. Read ALL the instructions carefully.

3. Number the answers according to the numbering system used in this question
paper.

4. Even if NOT explicitly stated in a question, ALL the answers must comply with
the relevant codes and/or requirements of the SABS/SANS publications
(latest edition) and the Occupational Health and Safety Act regulations.

The answers need NOT be word-perfect in all respects according to the publi-
5. cations, but must show that the candidate fully understands the context of the
relevant questions. (Any meaningful answer will be marked.)

The necessary tables are supplied.

6.
The candidates must pass PAPER 1 and PAPER 2 with 50% each.
7. Both examination papers may be written during the same examination period.
However, candidates need not pass both examinations during the same
trimester, but the SECOND EXAMINATION MUST BE PASSED within 12
months of the first, otherwise both examinations must be rewritten. However,
if a candidate obtains 75 of 100 marks in ANY ONE of the examinations,
he/she will be permanently exempted from rewriting that examination.
An appropriate statement will be issued. For ACCREDITATION purposes ALL
candidates must meet the requirements prescribed by the Department of
Labour.

NO condonation will be considered.

8.
Candidates must answer ALL compulsory questions that appear in the
9. question paper.

Start each question on a NEW page.

10.
Write neatly and legibly.
11.

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(11040432) -3- T830(E)(A11)T

QUESTION 1: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: ANNEXURE E: CALCULATION

OF VOLT DROP

With reference to the FIGURE on the DIAGRAM SHEET (attached) calculate the
following:

1.1 The volt drop from metering point MP to the end of the circuit of the RED
PHASE load (3)

1.2 The volt drop from metering point MP to the end of the circuit of the BLUE
PHASE load (3)

1.3 The resistively (rho) of the copper conductor in the section between MP and
DB (1)

1.4 The resistively (rho) of the copper conductor in the section between DB and
the RED phase (1)

1.5 The resistively (rho) of the copper conductor in the section between DB and
the BLUE phase (1)

1.6 The average value of the resistively (rho) in QUESTIONS 1.3, 1.4 and 1.5
above (1)
[10]

QUESTION 2: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: CONDUCTORS IN CONDUIT

2.1 Calculate, from basic principles, the maximum value of the protection device if
the following is given:

Length of ECC (earth continuity conductor) is 69 metres with an area of

6 mm2 (3)

2.2 Calculate the minimum copper conductor cable size suitable for the
following installation:

 1 x 3-phase motor of 100 A per phase at 380 V

 Length of cable is 100 m buried directly in ground

Ignore any installation factors. (5)

2.3 Is the cable size obtained in QUESTION 2.2 suitable for the installation?
Give details. (2)
[10]

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QUESTION 3: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: POSITIONING AND FIXING OF CABLES

3.1 Indicate, in the following FOUR instances, where the installation or the
running of a cable is prohibited by providing the missing information:

3.1.1 In the same trench or wireway as … (1)

3.1.2 Where it is likely to be damaged by … (1)

3.1.3 Within 150 mm of hot surfaces such as … (1)

3.1.4 In a position where it is likely to be damaged … (1)

3.2 Complete the following sentence relating to buried cables by providing the
missing information:

Unarmoured cables may be buried … (1)

3.3 Each distribution board shall be controlled by a switch disconnector.

State the general requirements it shall comply with in the following instances
by providing the missing information:

3.3.1 Be mounted in … (1)

3.3.2 In the case of the main or first distribution board … (1)

3.3.3 In the case of a subdistribution board … (1)

3.3.4 In the case where an alternative supply is installed … (1)

3.3.5 The instructions of the danger notice on or near the distribution

board … (1)
[10]

QUESTION 4: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: LUMINAIRES

4.1 Name the FIVE places a suspended luminaire shall be mounted out of arm’s
reach from the floor if it is installed. (5)

4.2 4.2.1 A lamp holder shall be shrouded in insulating material or shall be

earthed unless it meets simultaneous installation requirements.

Name FOUR instances of simultaneous installation. (4)

4.2.2 State the connecting requirements regarding the Edison screw-

type lamp holder. (1)
[10]

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(11040432) -5- T830(E)(A11)T

QUESTION 5: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: VERIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION

5.1 Describe, with the aid of a schematic diagram, how the earth electrode
resistance test is carried out. (4)

5.2 Give the formula that will enhance your answer to QUESTION 5.1 above. (1)

5.3 According to Regulation 8.7.1 ALL test measuring instruments shall be

accurate to within 5% or better.

5.3.1 Describe how the accuracy of the instrument can be verified by

making use of the answer to QUESTION 5.1 above. (4)

5.3.2 Give practical hypothetical values to illustrate your answer. (1)

[10]

QUESTION 6: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: WIREWAYS

State the installation requirements in the following general instances:

6.1 Maintenance

6.2 Joints other than expansion joints

6.3 Expansion joints

6.4 All inspection joints and boxes

6.5 Splashing with liquid regarding the above

6.6 Environmental conditions

6.7 Damaging of wireways

6.8 Metal doors, covers, or hinged panels

6.9 Cable entry and exit points and internal surfaces of the wireway

6.10 Continuity of all parts of rigid metallic wireways

(10 × 1) [10]

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(11040432) -6- T830(E)(A11)T

QUESTION 7: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008

7.1 Calculate the PSCC of a DC supply installation if the following information is

given:

 100-cell battery with a full load capacity of 400 A/hour

 Total internal resistance per cell is 0,011 ohm
 Total resistance of the battery pole connectors is 1 ohm
 Total cable length is 100 m
 Cross-sectional area of supply cable is 16 mm² copper

Ignore the method of installation. (9)

7.2 Describe the classification of the location for the above installation. (1)
[10]

QUESTION 8: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: AMENDMENT N0 5

8.1 Fill in the missing information regarding open wiring in the sentences below:

8.1.1 Open wiring consists of single-core insulated conductors that

operate at not more than 250 V to earth; however, this is not a … (1)

8.1.2 Open wiring shall not be installed in roof spaces that are intended
to be used for storage unless … (2)

8.1.3 Open wiring shall not be installed within 1 m of a trap door unless
the wiring is suitably … (2)

8.1.4 Each conductor of an open wiring system shall be visible where it

is installed over or next to the beams that can be used for walking
on, or it shall … (1)

8.2 Fill in the missing information regarding conductors in the sentences below:

8.2.1 Conductors shall be fixed at intervals not exceeding 1,5 m to …

8.2.2 If there is no ceiling, conductors shall …

8.2.3 Conductors shall be supported within 600 mm of the point where …

8.2.4 Conductors shall be fixed in such a way that the fixing method …
(4 × 1) (4)
[10]

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(11040432) -7- T830(E)(A11)T

QUESTION 9: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: ANNEXURE L

Answer the following questions with regard to the installation of surge protection
devices (SPDs) in low-voltage systems:

9.1 Draw a circuit of a single-phase installation which incorporates TWO SPDs for
a TN-C-S earthing system. (5)

9.2 Draw a circuit of a single-phase installation which incorporates TWO SPDs for
a TN-S earthing system. (5)
[10]

QUESTION 10: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: EARTHING (CONDUCTIVE PARTS

THAT DO NOT NEED TO BE EARTHED)

The phrases below are applicable to exposed conductive parts that do not need to be
earthed.

Complete these phrases by filling in the missing word(s). Write only the word(s) next
to the question number (10.1–10.9) in the ANSWER BOOK.

10.1 Exposed conductive parts of fixed electrical equipment that are out of arm's
reach from the … level (1)

10.2 Exposed conductive parts of fixed electrical equipment that are out of arm's
reach from a structure that is … to earth (1)

10.3 Exposed conductive parts of fixed electrical equipment that are … to the
weather or to the condensation, dripping, splashing or accumulation of water (1)

10.4 Exposed conductive parts of fixed electrical equipment that are … a

conductive surface (1)

10.5 Conductive parts that … be touched by the standard … (2)

10.6 Equipment and … permanently connected to safety supplies (1)

10.7 Small parts such as screws or nameplates that are isolated by … material (1)

10.8 Structural …, including items such as fire escapes and cat ladders (1)

10.9 Metallic fittings in bathrooms if they are … from earth (1)

[10]

TOTAL: 100

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(11040432) T830(E)(A11)T

DIAGRAM SHEET

Not drawn to scale

25 A
Red
phase

L = 15 m

6 mm2 Cu
3-phase +
neutral
MP
400 V DB
AC L = 20 m

10 mm2 Cu
L = 10 m

4 mm2 Cu

10 A
Blue
phase

FIGURE

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(11040432) -1- T830(E)(A11)T

INFORMATION SHEET

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(11040432) -2- T830(E)(A11)T

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(11040432) -3- T830(E)(A11)T

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(11040432) -4- T830(E)(A11)T

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(11040432) -5- T830(E)(A11)T

ANNEXURE G

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(11040432) -6- T830(E)(A11)T

Copyright reserved
 MARKING GUIDELINE

NATIONAL CERTIFICATE: MULTI-DISCIPLINARY

DRAWING OFFICE PRACTICE

11 APRIL EXAMINATION
INSTALLATION RULES
(Second Paper)

APRIL 2016

This marking guideline consists of 10 pages.

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MARKING GUIDELINE -2- T830(E)(A11)T
INSTALLATION RULES P2

QUESTION 1: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: ANNEXURE E: CALCULATION

OF VOLT DROP

1.1 I N  [ R 2  W 2  B 2 ]  ( RW  RB  BW ) : (252  02  102 )  (0  250  0)

: 725  250 :  21,795A
Neutral VD = 21,795 × (2,2/1000) × 20: = 0,958 V

VD (red phase) MP to DB:

  2.2
VD  I  R for20m 10mm 2 cu : 25  
 1000
 
 20  1 :  1,1V


VD (red phase) DB to A:


VD  I  R for15m 6mm 2 cu : 25   
 3,6
 1000

 15  1 :  1,35V
 (3)

1.2 Total VD - Meter to circuit A: = 1,1 + 1,35 + 1,35 + 0,958 = 4,758 V

VD (blue phase) DB to B

 
 5.5
VD  I  R for10m 4mm 2 cu : 10  
 1000

 10  10 :  0,55V


Total VD - Meter to circuit B: = 0,44 + 0,55 + 0,55 + 0.958 = 2,498 V (3)

1.3 L VA 0,958  10
V  I  R :: I  ::   : :  0,02197
A IL 21,795  20 (1)

1.4 L VA 1,35  6
V  I  R :: I  ::   : :  0,0216
A IL 25  15 (1)

1.5 L VA 0,55  4
V  I  R :: I  ::   : :  0,022
A IL 10  10 (1)

1.6 Aver ρ = (0,02197 + 0,0216 + 0,022) ‚ 3 = 0,02193 (1)

[10]

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MARKING GUIDELINE -3- T830(E)(A11)T
INSTALLATION RULES P2

QUESTION 2: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: CONDUCTORS IN CONDUIT

2.1 TV = 2 × Icb × Recc:

Refer to table E1 pg 307 for imp of 6 mm cable (Ω/km):
Recc = (3,6 ÷ 1000) × 69: Recc = 0,2484::::
therefore

TV 30
Icb  : : 60,3864 say 60 A
2  Re cc 2  02484 (3)

2.2 Using Nomogram

Take the Load Moment = I  L  3 : 100100  3 :  17320Am
MaxVD allowed = 5% × 380 = 19 V
Plot these two values & read off Area = between 16 mm2 and 25 mm2
Use 25 mm2 (5)

2.3 Check –-> VD = I X R x 1,732:

L 0,022  100m
I  3 : 100A   3 :  15,242 V
A 25
Less than 19 V (2)
[10]

QUESTION 3: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: POSITIONING AND FIXING OF CABLES

3.1 3.1.1 In the same trench or wireway as a supplier's cable except with the (1)
supplier's permission

3.1.2 Where it is likely to be damaged by liquids such as oil, acid, (1)

acetone and alkali OR by gases such as sulphur dioxide

3.1.3 Within 150 mm of hot surfaces such as hot pipes and flues if the (1)
heat is likely to damage the cable unless the cable is cooled or
shielded from heat

3.1.4 In a position where it is likely to be damaged unless it is (1)

mechanically protected

3.2 Unarmoured cables may be buried if they are insulated and sheathed. (1)

3.3 3.3.1 Be mounted in the same room adjacent to the distribution board (1)

3.3.2 In the case of the main or first distribution board of an installation,

be labelled as 'main switch' (1)

3.3.3 In the case of a sub-distribution board, be labelled as 'sub-main

switch' or 'main switch' if the board is labelled 'sub-board (1)

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MARKING GUIDELINE -4- T830(E)(A11)T
INSTALLATION RULES P2

3.3.4 In the case where an alternative supply is installed (emergency

supply, uninterruptible power systems (UPS), et cetera.), be
labelled as required (1)

3.3.5 The instructions of the danger notice on or near the distribution

board are that the switch-disconnector shall be switched off in the
event of inadvertent contact or leakage
(1)
[10]

QUESTION 4: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: LUMINAIRES

4.1  Washroom
 Change room
 Laundry
 Cupboard or other enclosure
 Position exposed to wind and weather (5)

4.2 4.2.1  Out of arm's reach from the floor or walkway level
 Out of arm's reach from a structure that is bonded to earth
 Protected from the weather and the splashing, dripping, or
accumulation of water
 Not touching a conductive surface (4)

4.2.2 The outer contact of an Edison screw-type lamp holder shall be

connected to the neutral conductor. (1)
[10]

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MARKING GUIDELINE -5- T830(E)(A11)T
INSTALLATION RULES P2

QUESTION 5: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: VERIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION

5.1 (a) Connect the instrument as shown in the diagram below. Ensure that
the cables are not touching or twisted as this will affect the
measurement due to induction.
(b) Make sure to insert the auxiliary earth bars in the moist part of the
earth.
(c) Spikes must be inserted in a straight line (minimum spacing is 2 m).
(d) If the ground is dry or sandy moisten with water (test spikes only).
(e) Where it is not possible to insert the auxiliary earth bars due to a hard
surface like concrete or stony ground, lay the earth bars in a suitable
position and cover them with wet cloths (preferably with salt added to
the water).
(f) NOTE: this is not possible on tarred, tiled or painted surfaces.
(g) To check for earth voltage, depress the AC voltage button. If the
reading is less than 10 volts proceed with the earth resistance test but
if the reading is higher do not proceed. First rectify the problem as this
can affect the reading.
(h) Now test for the correct wiring connections between the E, P and C
terminals and earth spikes by depressing the battery check button. If
the OK light is lit up, proceed with the earth resistance measurement.
(i) Depress the appropriate ohm button. The meter will now indicate the
earth resistance.
(j) It is accepted that a circuit should carry a fault current of twice the
rated circuit current. Therefore the earth electrode resistance must be
below 1.92 Ω to allow a fault current of 120 A to flow.
(k) Avoid backfilled areas as the ground has not been compacted and
rubble might influence the reading.
(l) The above test should only be performed if an earth is provided. (Earth
at the installation) (4)

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MARKING GUIDELINE -6- T830(E)(A11)T
INSTALLATION RULES P2

5.2 To calculate what the maximum acceptable value of measurement is, proceed
as per the following formula:

V
Remax =
2I

Where Remax = Maximum earth electrode resistance

V = System Voltage
I = Rated Circuit Current
230 VAC System (V)

V 230
Remax =   1,92
2I 2  60 (1)

5.3 5.3.1  Use two resistors of certified values for the electrical zero
and range of the test.
 Example 1 MΩ and 20 MΩ
 Both tests must be within 5% or better (4)

5.3.2 Example 100 - (1 MΩ × 100%) = 9,1 %

1.1 MΩ
too high (1)
[10]

QUESTION 6: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: WIREWAYS

6.1 The wireway shall be installed in such a way that safe maintenance is
ensured.

6.2 Joints other than expansion joints shall be at least as rigid as the wireway
itself.

6.3 Expansion joints shall protect the wiring at least as well as the rest of the
wireway does.

6.4 All inspection joints and boxes shall be easily accessible, even if they are
above ceilings or below floorboards.

6.5 All boxes and expansion joints that could be splashed with liquid shall have
covers that prevent the liquid from entering the wireways.

6.6 Environmental conditions – it shall be able to withstand the environmental

conditions in which it is installed.

6.7 Damaging of wireways – it shall be able to withstand the environmental

conditions in which it is installed.

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MARKING GUIDELINE -7- T830(E)(A11)T
INSTALLATION RULES P2

6.8 Metal doors, covers or hinged panels shall be separately earthed where any
electrical equipment is fitted to such doors, covers or panels.

6.9 Cable entry and exit points and internal surfaces of the wireway shall not be
able to damage the insulation of cables installed.

6.10 Continuity of all parts of rigid metallic wireways shall be bonded to earth.
(10 x 1) [10]

QUESTION 7: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008

7.1 EB V
PSCC  from ohms law  I 
RBBR R
Where EB or V = open circuit voltage (EMF) taking into consideration number
of cells and RBBR or R is total resistance, including resistance of cells, clamp
resistance and cable resistance.

Ref page 272 & table to solve for ‘x’ below for cable size 16 mm2

EB = 1.05 × UNB × No. of cells  (UNB = 2V/cell)

EB = 1.05 × 2 × 100 = 210 V

Ref page 273

R = (0.9 × RB) + RBL + Ry
 x 
RBBr  0.9  0.011 100  1  2  100
 1000 
 1.4 
RBBr  0.99  1  2  100 : 0.99  1  0.28 :  2.27
 1000 
E 210
And then PSCC  B : :  92.522A
RBBR 2.27 (9)

7.2 Because of battery gas will be dangerous, hazardous location or Zone 0 (1)
[10]

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MARKING GUIDELINE -8- T830(E)(A11)T
INSTALLATION RULES P2

QUESTION 8: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: AMENDMENT N0 5

8.1 8.1.1 Open wiring consists of single-core insulated conductors that

operate at not more than 250 V to earth; however, this is not a
recommended installation method for new installations. (1)

8.1.2 Open wiring shall not be installed in roof spaces that are intended
to be used for storage unless the wiring is suitably protected
against mechanical damage. (2)

8.1.3 Open wiring shall not be installed within 1 m of a trap door unless
the wiring is suitably protected against mechanical damage, or
where it will be in contact with flammable material. (2)

8.1.4 Each conductor of an open wiring system shall be visible where it

is installed over or next to the beams that can be used for walking
on, or it shall be suitably protected against mechanical damage. (1)

8.2 8.2.1 Conductors shall be fixed at intervals not exceeding 1,5 m to

building elements such as walls, rafters or purlins. (1)

8.2.2 If there is no ceiling, conductors shall be at least 3 m above floor

level. (1)

8.2.3 Conductors shall be supported within 600 mm of the point where

they enter a conduit or other building elements. (1)

8.2.4 Conductors shall be fixed in such a way that the fixing method
does not impair the conductor insulation. (1)
[10]

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MARKING GUIDELINE -9- T830(E)(A11)T
INSTALLATION RULES P2

QUESTION 9: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: ANNEXURE L

Installation of surge protection device (SPDs) in low voltage systems

9.1

(5)

9.2

An SPD connected from N to earth & from L to earth must be indicated (5)
[10]

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MARKING GUIDELINE -10- T830(E)(A11)T
INSTALLATION RULES P2

QUESTION 10: SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: EARTHING (CONDUCTIVE

PARTS THAT DO NOT NEED TO BE EARTHED)

10.1 floor (or walking) (1)

10.2 bonded (1)

10.3 not exposed (1)

10.4 not touching (1)

10.5 cannot; test finger (2)

10.6 appliances (1)

10.7 insulated (1)

10.8 steelwork (1)

10.9 isolated (1)

[10]

TOTAL: 100

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