Communication Semester QSN Analysis

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Course title : Communication Engineering

Course code : EEE 3117

Chapter : transmitter

1)What are the objectives of transmitter in a communication system? [21]


2)Maximum power transmitted in a3e modulated wave is 1.5 𝑃 at 100% modulation index'
justify this statement with numerical example. [17,19,21]
3)Briefly describe VSB transmission system with its application. [18,19,20,21]
4)Calculate the modulation index of second wave if the antenna current of an AM broadcast
transmitter modulated to a depth of 40% by an audio sine wave is 10 ampere.It increases to 11
ampere as a result of simultaneous modulation by another audio sine wave. [21]
5)Explain FM using its mathematical representation. [21]
6)What are the functions of pre Emphasis and de-emphasis network in case of FM. [19,21]
7)In the following system shown in figure below 𝑉 = 10𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜋(1500𝑡). and 𝑉 =
10𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜋(10 𝑡). Apply the obtained knowledge in this course to find out 𝑉 . also demonstrate
the wave shapes and frequency spectrum of 𝑉 . [21]

8)Explain the advantages of J3E system over A3E system. [21]


9)Suppose You are assigned to design an SSB system for AM . implement a phase shift method
to perform this operation and show how one sideband is suppressed using this technique . also
explain the necessary steps to suppress other SB. [21]
10)In an FM system make a relationship among modulating frequency, modulation depth and
maximum deviation. [20,21]
11) Obtain the percentage power saving when the career and one of the sidebands are suppressed
in an AM wave modulated to a depth of 80%. [20]
12) How many procedures are available to modify the amplitude of the modulating signal.
Explain ant two of these procedures with proper diagrams and wave shapes. [20]
13) Draw the circuit diagram of an FET based balanced moderator and prove that the balanced
moderator produces and output consisting of Sidebands only with the career removed. [20]
14) A 400W career is modulated on a depth of 75%. calculate the total power in the modulated
wave in the following forms of AM . i)A3E. ii) Double sideband suppressed Career and iii) J3E.
What will be the average power saving in case of j3e is over a3e. [20]
15) Draw the block diagram of a communication system and explain the function of each block.
[17,18,19]
16) What is meant by 100% modulation of an AM transmitter. [19]
17) A 10 KW career is amplitude modulated by 2 Sin waves to a depth of 0.5 and 0.6
respectively . calculate total power content of modulated career. [19]
18) Find the career and modulting frequency , the moderation index and the maximum
depression of the FM web represented by the voltage equation. [19]
v = 10sin(5 ∗ 10 𝑡 + 6𝑠𝑖𝑛1350𝑡)
19) Explain the desirable properties of a line coder. [18,19]
20)State the need of modulation . As related to AM what is over-moderation and 100%
modulation ? [18]
21)Show that the bandwidth required for a3e modulation is twice frequency of the modulating
signal. [17,18,22]
22)A J3E transmitter radiates 0.5 kilowatt when the modulation percentage is 50% . how much
of career power is required if we want to transmit the same message by an a3e transmitter. [18]
23)Briefly explain a suitable method to generate SSB signal. [18]
24)An am transmitter radiates 9 kilowatt with the career modulated and 10.15 kilowatt when the
career is sinusoidali modulated . calculate the moderation index if another sine wave
corresponding to 50% modulating is transmitted simultaneously and determine the total radiated
power. [18]
25)What are the advantages and disadvantages of AM over FM. [17]
26)Derive the formula for the instantaneous value of an FM voltage and define the modulation
depth. [16,17]
27)The equation of an angle modulated voltage is 𝑣 = 10sin(10 𝑡 + 3𝑠𝑖𝑛10 𝑡). Calculate the
modulating frequency and the power dissipated in a 100 ohm resistor. [17]
28)What is the bandwidth required for an FM signal in which the modulating frequency is 3 kilo
Hz and the maximum deviation is 11 kilo Hz .considered the lightest J co efficient for this
problem is J8. [17]
29)What does modulation actually perform to a carrier signal. [16]
30)Briefly explain phase-shift method to generate SSB signal. . [16]
31) An AM broadcast station has a modulation index which is 0.75 on the average . What would
be it’s average power saving if it could go over a J3E transmission , which having to maintain
the same signal strength in it’s reception area? [16]
32)What is line coding ? what are the desirable characteristics of a line coding. . [16,22]

33) A sinusoidal signal, with an amplitude of 3.25 V is applied to a uniform quantizer of the mid-
tread type with output levels of 0, ±1, ±2, ±3 as shown in the following figure. Sketch the
waveform of the resulting quantized signal for one complete cycle of the input. [16]

34)Discuss sampling theorem . Describe the significance of nyquist rate in case of pulse
communication system[16 ,17,21]
35) A signal band limited to 4 kilo Hz is sampled at a rate 25% higher than the nyquist rate . the
quantized samples are binary coded . find the minimum bandwidth of the channel[21]
36) Suppose you have converted an analogue signal into a digital one and the digital data
sequence of the signal is 10100110 . Now implement the line coding technique to convert this
digital data into distal signal and graphically demonstrate the output signal if the following
techniques are adopted to perform the operation [21]
a)polar (NRZ)
b)bipolar(RZ)
c)polar quarternary NRZ
d) Gray coding

37)A television signal has a bandwidth of 4.5 megahertz . the signal is sampled , quantized and
binary coded to obtain a PCM signal. Determine the sampling rate if the signal is to be sampled
at a rate 25% above the nyquist rate.[20]

38) Take sampling theorem write down the significance of nyquist rate in the case of pulse
communication system. .[20]

39) Draw and explain the block diagram of the filter system to obtain signal sideband suppressed
career system. [20]
40) Draw the polar NRZ signaling and Manchester code for the electrical representation of
binary data 01100101. [20]
41) A television signal has a bandwidth of 4.5 megahertz . the signal is sampled , quantized and
binary coded to obtain a PCM signal. i) Determine the sampling rate if the signal is to be
sampled at a rate 20% above the nyquist rate. ii) If the samples are quantized into 1024 levels
determine the number of binary pulse is required to encode each sample. [19]

42)For the signal m(t)=3cos500πt+4sin1000πt determine sampling frequency and the nyquist
sampling rate.[18]
43) A signal bandwidth limited to 3 kHz is sampled at a rate 30% higher than the nyquist rate.
the maximum acceptable error in the sample amplitude is 0.8% of the peak amplitude. the
quantized samples are binary coded. find the minimum bandwidth of the channel.[18]
44) Construct NRZ , RZ and split phase format for the binary data 011010.[18]
45) With the help of circuit diagram explain how balance modulator generates modulated
signal.[18]
46)Determine the peak frequency deviation , minimum BW and baud for fsk signal with a mark
frequency of 49 kilo HZ , space frequency of 51 kilo Hz and input bit rate of 2 kbps [18]
47)What is meant by Vestigial sideband transmission . show the frequency spectrum of an NTSC
video transmission to mention the application of VSB[17]
48) Draw the schematic diagram of sample and hold circuit and describe its working
principle[17]
49) Sketch the web form for the binary number 0110100011 using the following methods : polar
signaling, RZ signaling , Manchester Coding and four level grey coding [16]
50)As related to Amplitude Modulation what are over modulation under Modulation and 100%
modulation.[22]
51) suppose you are assigned to signal of 9 MHx using two baseband signals of 2 kiloHz and 4
kiloHz . the antenna current of an AM broadcast transmitter, modulated to a depth of 40% by the
audio sine wave of 2 kHz is 11 ampere . It increases to 12 ampere as a result of simultaneous
modulation by other audio sine wave of 4 kilo Hz . compute the modulation index due to the
second wave. [22]
52)How we can design a portable AM transmitter which needs to transmit and average power of
10 watts at depth modulation of 0.4 [22]
53) Show mathematically how single sideband is suppressed using phase shift method [22]
54) what Power Will disapped through a 20 ohm resistor for an FM wave if the modulation
voltage is 𝑣 = 14 sin(6 ∗ 10 𝑡 + 8𝑠𝑖𝑛1250𝑡) [22]
55) illustrate the frequency spectrum of an FM wave if 𝐽 = 0.96 , 𝐽 =0.02 and 𝐽 = 0.02 . the
carrier amplitude is 5 volt . frequency of the message and career signals are 500 hertz and 1
megaHz respectively. [22]
56) draw a suitable circuit diagram which contains a varactor diode to generate FM signal and
mathematically show how FM is obtained in this case[22]
57) what is meant by sampling for pulse modulation . briefly describe PWM with necessary
waveshapes[22]
58) explain Vestigial sideband transmission phenomenon with necessary wave shapes. [22]
59)The signal of a PCM system is operated at 4 megahertz .calculate the sampling rate if the
signal is to be sampled at a rate 10% above the nyquist rate. [22]
60) demonstrate a system which will coherently detect an fsk signal and mathematically show
how the message signal is recovered. suppose the digital data stream or message signal is
1001101 . also sketch the input output wave form of the system [22]
61) draw polar NRZ signal for binary data 11010010 [22]
62) Suppose you want to transmit a signal of the form 𝑉 = 10𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜋(100𝑡). using PCM
technique employing uniform quantization with maximum allow able quantization of 0.1%. to
perform this operation determine the following required criteria: a)minimum sampling rate ,
b)number of bites in each PCM word , c) signaling rate and d)minimum channel bandwidth. [21]
63) Suppose you want to transmit an analog signal using PCM technique employing uniform
conversation with maximum available quantization Error of 1.5% . to perform this operation
determine maximum sampling rate , number of bits in each PCM word and minimum channel
bandwidth required [22]
64) Mention some types of modulation . Which type modulation is used in t video transmission?
Sketch the waveform of the video transmitted signal [16]
65) In what way PCM is different from other modulation system ? What makes it a digital signal
[16]

Chapter : transmittOn meDia


1) Define SNR and Noise figure of a receiver . What is relationship between noise figure
and noise resistance? [18,20,21]
2) Calculate the noise voltage at the input of a TV RF amplifier using a device having 150
ohm equivalent noise resistance parallel with the 250 ohm input resistance . The BW of
the amplifier is 4.5MHz and temperature is 20°C. [21]
3) Show that the square of rms noise voltage is proportional to system BW . [16,17,21]
4) [21]

5) [21]
6) How the granular noise and slop overload distortion can be improved in ADM [21]
7) Calculate the noise voltage at the input of a TV RF amplifier using a device having 300
ohm equivalent noise resistance parallel with the 250 ohm input resistance . The BW of
the amplifier is 6.5MHz and temperature is 17°C. [20]
8) Show that the SNR of a PCM system is (α+6n)dB where the symbols have their usual
meaning[16,17,18,20,22] (In ’16 qsn , α=1.8)
9) Show the relationship between noise figure and temperature of a receiver.[20]
10) What are the basic elements of a PCM system ? explain functions of regenerative repeater
11) Why uniform quantization is suffered from SNR variation problem in case of PCM? how
can you overcome this problem[20,22]
12) See qsn-5 (Duration was used in stead of term position) [20]
13) Explain different types of noise involved in communication system [19]
14) Calculate the noise voltage at the input of a TV RF amplifier using a device having 200
ohm equivalent noise resistance parallel with the 350 ohm input resistance . The BW of
the amplifier is 6.2MHz and temperature is 18°C. [19]
15) Describe signal to quantization noise ration of PCM system [19]
16) With necessary diagrams explain it technique for achieving non uniform quantization
using a uniform quantizer[19]
17) Show the DPCM system achieves higher SNR compared to PCM system[16,18,19]
18)

19) Name the different sources of random noise and impulse noise external to abc how can
this no this be avoided or at least minimized[18]
20)Explain the reasons for the following noise in a transistor a)Flipkart noise b)transistor
thermal noise and c)partition noise[18]
21) Describe in detail the PCM technique with focus on its sampling rate and signal to
quantization [18]
22) What are the factors affecting information in a channel? how the effects of them can be
eliminated[17]
23)A receiver connected to antenna whose resistance is 40 ohm and its noise figure is 2.04
dB. calculate the receiver equivalent noise resistance and its equivalent noise temperature[17]
24)A sinusoidal signal is transmitted using PCM the output signal to quantizing rice ratio is
required to be 55.8 dB. find the maximum number of Representation level l required to
achieve this performance[17]
25)What is quantizing error ? show the output wave of a quantizer and indicate the
corresponding quantizing error on it[17]
26) Calculate the noise voltage at the input of a TV RF amplifier using a device having 200
ohm equivalent noise resistance parallel with the 300 ohm input resistance . The BW of the
amplifier is 6MHz and temperature is 18°C. [16]
27) In case of PCM , SNR varies from talker to talker and remains low most of the time
when uniform quantization is employed. analyze a procedure to overcome this problem
associated with PCM.[22]
28) Discuss communication channel selection criteria [21]
29) If the noise power in a channel is 5 mW and the signal power is 20dB , what is SNR?
[18]
30) The carbon-granade microphone of telephone acts as AM modulator – explain .
31) Draw the block diagram of DM and ADM system . Explain advantages of DM over
PCM.[17]
32) Explain how SNR is improved in PCM and DPCM system [16]
33) A PCM system uses a uniform quantizer followed by a 7-bit binary encoder. The bit rate
of the system is equal to 50 megabits per second. (i) What is the maximum message bandwidth
for which the system operates satisfactorily? (ii) Determine the output SNR when a full load
sinusoidal modulating wave of frequency 1 kHz is applied to the input. [16]
34) Quote the Shannon theorem ? Explain the domental importance of this theorem [16]

Chapter : Overview Of
COmmuniCatiOn system

1) A digital signal is described by it’s bit rate , and an analog signal is described by it’s
frequency range – justify the statement with numerical example [21]

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