A1185 Battery Management Chip

bq20z80
www.ti.com SLUS625B – SEPTEMBER 2004 – REVISED DECEMBER 2004
SBS 1.1-COMPLIANT GAS GAUGE ENABLED WITH ImpedanceTrack™ TECHNOLOGY

FOR USE WITH THE bq29312
FEATURES • Drives 3-, 4- or 5- Segment LED Display for

• Patented ImpedanceTrack Technology Remaining Capacity Indication
Accurately Measures Available Charge in • 38L TSSOP (DBT)
Li-Ion and Li-Polymer Batteries
• Better than 1% Error Over Lifetime of the APPLICATIONS
Battery • Notebook PCs
• Instant Accuracy – No Learning Cycle • Medical and Test Equipment
Required • Portable Instrumentation
• Supports the Smart Battery Specification SBS
V1.1 DESCRIPTION
• Works With the TI bq29312 Analog Front End The bq20z80 SBS-compliant gas gauge IC, incorpor-
(AFE) Protection IC to Provide Complete Pack ating patented ImpedanceTrack technology, is de-
Electronics Solution signed for battery-pack or in-system installation. The
bq20z80 measures and maintains an accurate record
• Full Array of Programmable Voltage, Current,
of available charge in Li-ion or Li-polymer batteries
and Temperature Protection Features using its integrated high-performance analog periph-
• Integrated Time Base Removes Need for erals. The bq20z80 monitors capacity change, battery
External Crystal with Optional Crystal Input impedance, open circuit voltage, and other critical
• Electronics for 7.2-V, 10.8-V or 14.4-V Battery parameters of the battery pack, and reports the
Packs With Few External Components information to the system host controller over a
serial-communication bus. It is designed to work with
• Based on a Powerful Low-Power RISC CPU the bq29312 analog front-end (AFE) protection IC to
Core With High-Performance Peripherals maximize functionality and safety, and minimize
• Integrated Field Programmable FLASH component count and cost in smart battery circuits.
Memory Eliminates the Need for External The ImpedanceTrack technology continuously
Configuration Memory analyzes the battery impedance, resulting in superior
• Measures Charge Flow Using a gas-gauging accuracy. This enables remaining ca-
High-Resolution, 16-Bit Integrating Converter pacity to be calculated with discharge rate, tempera-
ture, and cell aging all accounted for during each
– Better Than 0.65-nVh of Resolution
stage of every cycle.
– Self-Calibrating
– Offset Error Less Than 1-µV AVAILABLE OPTIONS
• Uses 16-Bit Delta Sigma Converter for TA PACKAGE
Accurate Voltage and Temperature 38-PIN TSSOP (DBT)
Measurements –40°C to 85°C bq20z80DBT (1)
• Extensive Data Reporting Options For
Improved System Interaction
(1) The bq20z80 is available taped and reeled. Add an R suffix to
• Optional Pulse Charging Feature for Improved the device type (e.g., bq20z80DBTR) to order tape and reel
Charge Times version.
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas
Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
ImpedanceTrack is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Copyright © 2004, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.
bq20z80
www.ti.com
SLUS625B – SEPTEMBER 2004 – REVISED DECEMBER 2004
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device
placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
TSSOP (DBT)
(TOP VIEW)
VIN 1 38 VSSD
TS1 2 37 NC
TS2 3 36 NC
PU 4 35 CLKOUT
/PRES 5 34 XCK1 / VSSA
SCLK 6 33 XCK2 / ROSC
NC 7 32 FILT
VDDD 8 31 VDDA
RBI 9 30 VSSA
SDATA 10 29 VSSA
VSSD 11 28 SR1
/SAFE 12 27 SR2
NC 13 26 MRST
NC 14 25 XALERT
SMBC 15 24 LED1
SMBD 16 23 LED2
/DISP 17 22 LED3
/PFIN 18 21 LED4
VSSD 19 20 LED5
NC - No internal connection
TERMINAL FUNCTIONS
TERMINAL
I/O (1) DESCRIPTION (2)
NO. NAME
1 VIN I Voltage Measurement input from the AFE
2 TS1 I 1st Thermistor voltage input connection to monitor temperature
3 TS2 I 2nd Thermistor voltage input connection to monitor temperature
4 PU O Output to pull up the PRES pin for system detection
5 PRES I Active low input to sense system insertion and typically requires additional ESD protection
6 SCLK I/OD Communication clock to the AFE
7 NC – Not used and should be left floating
8 VDDD P Positive supply for digital circuitry and I/O pins
Backup power to the bq20z80 data registers during periods of low operating voltage. RBI accepts a
9 RBI P
storage capacitor or a battery input.
10 SDATA I/O Data transfer to and from the AFE
12 SAFE O Active high output for additional level of safety protection; e.g., fuse blow.
13 NC – Not used— leave floating
14 NC – Not used— leave floating
15 SMBC I/OD SMBus clock open-drain bidirectional pin used to clock the data transfer to and from the bq20z80
16 SMBD I/OD SMBus data open-drain bidirectional pin used to transfer address and data to and from the bq20z80
Display control for the LEDs. This pin is typically connected to VCC via a 100k resistor and a
17 DISP I
push-button switch to VSS.
Active low input to detect secondary protector output status and allows the bq20z80 to report the
18 PFIN I
status of the 2nd level protection output
20 LED5 O LED5 display segment that drives an external LED depending on the firmware configuration
(1) I = Input, IA = Analog input, I/O = Input/output, I/OD = Input/Open-drain output, O = Output, OA = Analog output, P = power
(2) VSS refers to the common mode of VSSA and VSSD.
2
bq20z80
www.ti.com
TERMINAL FUNCTIONS (continued)

TERMINAL
I/O (1) DESCRIPTION (2)
NO. NAME
25 XALERT I Input from bq29312 XALERT output.
26 MRST I Master reset input that forces the device into reset when held high
27 SR2 IA Connections for a small-value sense resistor to monitor the battery charge- and discharge-current flow
28 SR1 IA Connections for a small-value sense resistor to monitor the battery charge- and discharge-current flow
31 VDDA P Positive supply for analog circuitry
Analog input connected to the external PLL filter components which are a 150-pF capacitor to VSS, in
32 FILT IA parallel with a 61.9-kΩ resistor and a 1200-pF capacitor in series. Place these components as close as
possible to the bq20z80 to ensure optimal performance.
32.768 kHz crystal oscillator output pin or connected to a 100k, 50ppm or better resistor if the internal
33 XCK2/ROSC O
oscillator is used
34 XCK1/VSSA I 32.768 kHz crystal oscillator input pin or connected to VSSA if the internal oscillator is used
35 CLKOUT O 32.768-kHz output for the bq29312. This pin should be directly connected to the AFE.
36 NC - Not used— leave floating
37 NC - Not used— leave floating
11, 29 VSSD P Negative supply for digital circuitry
19, 38 VSSD P Negative supply for output circuitry
29, 30 VSSA P Negative supply for analog circuitry.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1)
RANGE
VDD relative to VSS (2) Supply voltage range –0.3 V to 4.1 V
V(IOD) relative to VSS (2) Open-drain I/O pins –0.3 V to 6 V
VI relative to VSS (2) Input voltage range to all other pins –0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V
TA Operating free-air temperature range –40°C to 85°C
Tstg Storage temperature range – 65°C to 150°C
(1) Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating
conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
(2) VSS refers to the common node of V(SSA) and V(SSD).
3
bq20z80
www.ti.com
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VDD = 3.0 V to 3.6 V, TA = –40°C to 85°C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
VDD Supply voltage VDDA and VDDD 3.0 3.3 3.6 V
IDD Operating mode current No flash programming 350 (1) µA
I(SLP) Low-power storage mode current Sleep mode 8 (1) µA
VOL Output voltage low SMBC, SMBD, SDATA, SCLK, IOL = 0.5 mA 0.4
SAFE, PU
LED1 – LED5 IOL = 10 mA 0.4
VOH Output high voltage, SMBC, SMBD, SDATA, SCLK, IOH = –1 mA VDD– 0.5
SAFE, PU
VIL Input voltage low SMBC, SMBD, SDATA, SCLK, –0.3 0.8 V
EVENT, PRES, PFIN
DISP –0.3 0.8
VIH Input voltage high SMBC, SMBD, SDATA, SCLK, 2 6
EVENT, PRES, PFIN
DISP 2 VCC + 0.3
CIN Input Capacitance 5 pF
V(AI1) Input voltage range VIN, TS1, TS2 VSS– 0.3 1.0
V
V(AI2) Input voltage range SR1, SR2 VSS– 0.25 0.25
Z(AI1) Input impedance SR1, SR2 0 V–1.0 V 2.5 MΩ
Z(AI2) Input impedance VIN, TS1, TS2 0 V–1.0 V 8 MΩ
(1) This value does not include the bq29312
POWER-ON RESET
VIT– Negative-going voltage input 2.1 2.3 2.5 V
VHYS Power-on reset hysteresis 50 150 200 mV
POWER ON RESET BEHAVIOR

vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
V IT - Negative Going Input Threshold Voltage - V
2.50 140
2.45 135
V hys - Hysterisis Voltage - mV
2.40 130
VIT-
2.35 125
2.30 120
2.25 Vhys 115
2.20 110
2.15 105
2.10 100
-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
TA - Free-Air Temperature - °C
INTEGRATING ADC (Coulomb Counter) CHARACTERISTICS

V(SR) Input voltage range, V(SR2) and V(SR1) VSR = V(SR2) – V(SR1) –0.25 0.25 V
V(SROS) Input offset 1 µV
INL Integral nonlinearity error 0.004% 0.019%
4
bq20z80
www.ti.com
PLL SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS

t(SP) Start-up time (1) 0.5% frequency error
(1) The frequency error is measured from the trimmed frequency of the internal system clock which is 128 oscillator frequency, nominally
4.194 MHz.
OSCILLATOR
ROSC = 100 kΩ –2% 0.25% 2%
f(exo) Frequency error from 32.768kHz ROSC = 100 kΩ, VDD = 3.3 V –1% 0.25% 1%
XCK1 = 12-pF XTAL –0.25% 0.25%
f(sxo) Start-up time (1) ROSC = 100 kΩ 250 µs
XCK1 = 12-pF XTAL 200 ms
(1) The start-up time is defined as the time it takes for the oscillator output frequency to be within 1% of the specified frequency.
DATA FLASH MEMORY CHARACTERISTICS

tDR Data retention (1)10 Years
Flash programming write-cycles (1) 20,000 Cycles
t(WORDPROG) Word programming time (1) 2 ms
I(DDPROG) Flash-write supply current (1) 8 15 mA
(1) Assured by design. Not production tested
REGISTER BACKUP
I(RBI) RBI data-retention input current (1) VRBI > 3.0 V, VDD < VIT 10 100 nA
V(RBI) RBI data-retention voltage 1.3 V
(1) Specified by design. Not production tested.
5
bq20z80
www.ti.com
SMBus TIMING SPECIFICATIONS

fSMB SMBus operating frequency Slave mode, SMBC 50% duty cycle 10 100
kHz
fMAS SMBus master clock frequency Master mode, no clock low slave extend 51.2
tBUF Bus free time between start and stop 4.7
tHD:STA Hold time after (repeated) start 4.0
µs
tSU:STA Repeated start setup time 4.7
tSU:STO Stop setup time 4.0
Receive mode 0
tHD:DAT Data hold time
Transmit mode 300 ns
tSU:DAT Data setup time 250
tTIMEOUT Error signal/detect (1)25 35 ms
tLOW Clock low period 4.7
µs
tHIGH Clock high period (2)4.0 50
tLOW:SEXT Cumulative clock low slave extend time (3)25
ms
tLOW:MEXT Cumulative clock low master extend time (4)10
tF Clock/data fall time (VILMAX– 0.15 V) to (VIHMIN + 0.15 V) 300

ns
tR Clock/data rise time 0.9 VDD to (VILMAX – 0.15 V) 1000
(1) The bq20z80 times out when any clock low exceeds tTIMEOUT.
(2) tHIGH Max. is minimum bus idle time. SMBC = 1 for t > 50 µs causes reset of any transaction involving The bq20z80 that is in progress.
(3) tLOW:SEXT is the cumulative time a slave device is allowed to extend the clock cycles in one message from initial start to the stop.
(4) tLOW:MEXT is the cumulative time a master device is allowed to extend the clock cycles in one message from initial start to the stop.
SMBus TIMING DIAGRAM
6
bq20z80
www.ti.com
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
OSCILLATOR FUNCTION
The oscillator of the bq20z80 can be set up for internal or external operation. On powerup, the bq20z80
automatically attempts to start the internal oscillator. If a 100-kΩ resistor is not connected to ROSC (pin 33), then
it attempts to start the oscillator using an external 32.768-kHz crystal.
NOTE:
Install either the 100-kΩ ROSC resistor or the 12-pF, 32.768-kHz crystal. Do not
install both.
The performance of the internal oscillator depends on the tolerance of the 100-kΩ resistor between RSOC (pin
33) and VSSA (pin 34). Choose a resistor with a tolerance of ±0.1%, and 50-ppm or better temperature drift.
Place this resistor as close as possible to the bq20z80. If a 12-pF crystal, is used, place it as close as possible to
the XCK1 (pin 34) and XCK2 (pin 33) pins. If not properly implemented, the PCB layout in this area can degrade
oscillator performance. The average temperature-drift error of the oscillator function over a learning charge or
discharge cycle introduces an equal capacity prediction error in a learned full charge capacity (FCC), so the error
cancels out.
SYSTEM PRESENT OPERATION

The bq20z80 periodically (<1 s) pulls the PU output high. Connect this pin to the PRES pin of the bq20z80 via a
resistor of approximately 5 kΩ. The bq20z80 measures the PRES input during the PU-active period to determine
its state.
The bq20z80 detects that the battery is present in the system via a low state on the PRES input. When this
occurs, the bq20z80 enters normal operating mode and sets the PRES bit in SBS.OperationStatus( ). When the
pack is removed from the system and the PRES input is high, the bq20z80 enters the battery-removed state,
disabling the charge and discharge FETs, and enabling the 0-V/precharging FET. If
DF.OperationConfiguration,NR is set, the PRES input is ignored and can be left floating.
GENERAL OPERATION
The bq20z80 determines battery capacity by monitoring individual cell impedance, and the amount of charge
input or removed from a rechargeable battery. In addition to measuring impedance, charge, and discharge, the
bq20z80 measures individual cell voltages, pack voltage, temperature, and current using features of the bq29312
AFE device.
The bq20z80 measures charge/discharge activity by monitoring the voltage across a small-value series sense
resistor between the cell stack negative terminal and the negative terminal of the battery pack. The individual cell
impedance is measured using the open-circuit voltage (OCV), and the change of voltage vs change of coulombs
measured under load.
The bq20z80 interfaces with the bq29312 to perform battery protection, cell balancing, and voltage translation
functions. The bq20z80 can accept inputs of up to two identical NTC thermistors (default is Semitec 103AT) for
temperature measurement, or can also be configured to use its internal temperature sensor. The bq20z80 uses
temperature to monitor the battery-pack environment.
BATTERY PARAMETER MEASUREMENTS

The bq20z80 uses an integrating sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for current measurement, and a
second sigma-delta ADC for individual cell and battery voltage, and temperature measurement. The individual
cell and pack voltages, SBS.VCELLx( ), SBS.Voltage( ), SBS.Current( ), SBS.AverageCurrent( ), and
SBS.Temperature( ) are updated at 1-second intervals during normal operation.
7
bq20z80
www.ti.com
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued)

Charge and Discharge Counting
The integrating ADC measures the charge/discharge flow of the battery by measuring the voltage drop across a
small-value sense resistor between the SR1 and SR2 pins. The integrating ADC measures bipolar signals from
-0.25 V to 0.25 V. The bq20z80 detects charge activity when VSR = V(SR1)-V(SR2) is positive and discharge
activity when VSR = V(SR1)-V(SR2) is negative. The bq20z80 continuously integrates the signal over time, using an
internal counter. The fundamental rate of the counter is 0.65 nVh.
Coulomb Counter Dead Band

The bq20z80 does not accumulate charge or discharge for gas gauging when the current input is below the
dead-band current threshold. The threshold is programmed in DF.CCDeadBand and should be set sufficiently
high to prevent false signal detection with no charge or discharge flowing through the sense resistor.
Voltage
The bq20z80 monitors the individual series cell voltages through the bq29312 at one-second intervals. The
bq20z80 configures the bq29312 to connect the selected cell to the CELL pin of the bq29312, typically
connected to VIN of the bq20z80. The internal ADC of the bq20z80 measures the voltage and scales it
appropriately, then reports the SBS.Voltage( ) and the individual cell voltages in SBS.VCELL1( ), SBS.VCELL2(
), SBS.VCELL3( ), and SBS.VCELL4( ). This data is also used to calculate the impedance of the cell for the
ImpedanceTrack gas-gauging when SBS.Current( ) is below 200 mA and dV/dt is <1 µV/sec.
Current
The bq20z80 uses the SR1 and SR2 inputs to measure and calculate the battery charge and discharge current.
This value is reported via SBS.Current( ) and is updated at one-second intervals in normal mode, and at intervals
defined by DF.SleepTime in sleep mode. SBS.AverageCurrent( ) is implemented as a single-pole infinite-impulse
response (IIR) filter with a 14.5-s time constant using SBS.Current( ) data.
Auto Calibration
The bq20z80 provides an auto-calibration feature to cancel the voltage offset error across SR1 and SR2 for
maximum charge measurement accuracy. The bq20z80 performs auto-calibration when the SMBus lines stay
low continuoesly for a minimum of 20 s. The bq20z80 is capable of automatic offset calibration down to 1µV.
Temperature
The bq20z80 TS1 and TS2 inputs, in conjunction with two identical NTC thermistors, measure the battery
environmental temperature. The bq20z80 can also be configured to use its internal temperature sensor. The
bq20z80 reports temperature via SBS.Temperature( ) depending on the state of bits TEMP0 and TEMP1 in
DF.OperationConfiguration.
Table 1. Temperature Sensor Selection

TEMP1 TEMP0 SBS TEMPERATURE () SOURCE
0 0 Internal Temperature Sensor
0 1 TS1 Input (default)
1 0 Most extreme of TS1 or TS2 Inputs
1 1 Average of TS1 and TS2 Inputs
8
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Gas Gauging
The bq20z80 ImpedanceTrack feature gas-gauges a 2-, 3-, or 4-series-cell Li-Ion battery by using open-circuit
voltage (OCV) when the system is in a relaxed state, and charge integration (coulomb counting) when the
system is under load. These measurements determine Chemical State of Charge (SOC) and Chemical Capacity
(Qmax). The initial DF.Qmax Pack, DF.Qmax Cell 1, DF.Qmax Cell2, DF.Qmax Cell3, and DF.Qmax Cell4
values are taken from the cell data sheet, and are also used for the SBS.DesignCapacity( ) value. The bq20z80
acquires and updates the battery-impedance profile during normal battery usage. It uses this profile, along with
SOC and the Qmax values, to determine SBS.FullChargeCapacity( ) (FCC) and SBS.RelativeStateOfCharge
(RSOC) specifically for the present load and temperature. SBS.FCC( ) is reported as capacity or energy available
from a fully charged battery under the present load and temperature until SBS.Voltage( ) reaches the
DF.Terminate Voltage.
LABEL DESCRIPTION FORMAT VALID RANGE SIZE (BYTES) UNITS DEFAULT VALUE
QMax Pack Maximum Chemical Pack Capacity Integer 0 to 60000 2 mAh 4400
Qmax Cell 1 Maximum Chemical Cell 1 capacity Integer 0 to 60000 2 mAh 4400
SBS.FullChargeCapacity( ) Updating
The bq20z80 updates SBS.FCC( ) each time the resistance data is updated—up to 15 times through a full
discharge.
SBS.RemainingCapacity( ) and SBS.RemainingStateOfCharge( ) Updating

The bq20z80 updates SBS.RemainingCapacity( ) at one-second intervals as coulomb transfers are measured,
and updates SBS.RemainingStateOfCharge( ) each time SBS.FullChargeCapacity( ) or SBS.
RemainingCapacity( ) is updated. SBS.FullChargeCapacity( ) and SBS.RemainingCapacity( ) are smoothed to
prevent SBS.RemainingCapacity( ) from increasing during discharge, or from decreasing during charge.
SBS.RemainingCapacity( ) is also prevented from changing more than 1% over a period of DF.RSOC_STEP
seconds in either direction.
If DF.RSOC_STEP = 0, SBS.FullChargeCapacity( ) and SBS.RemainingCapacity( ) are not smoothed, and
SBS.RemainingCapacity( ) steps are not capped.
RSOCSTEP RSOC Step Limit Integer 0 to 256 1 Seconds 0
ImpedanceTrack Load Model

During normal operation, the battery-impedance profile compensation of the ImpedanceTrack algorithm can
provide more accurate full-charge and remaining state-of-charge information if the typical load type is known.
There are two selectable options; constant-current, and constant-power. These are selected by the
DF.ITConfiguration, LoadMode1, 2 bits.
DF.ITConfiguration
COMPENSATION
LoadMode2 LoadMode1
0 0 Constant current
0 1 Constant power
1 0 Reserved
1 1 Reserved
9
bq20z80
www.ti.com
ImpedanceTrack Load Compensation

The bq20z80 can be configured to use a variety of load-compensation factors. These are selected, as shown in
Table 2, by setting the DF.LoadSelect value.
Table 2. ImpedanceTrack Load-Compensation Settings

LoadSelect (hex) LoadMode Load Compensation
00 Constant Current Previous Discharge Average Current
Constant Power Previous Discharge Average Power
01 Constant Current Present Discharge Average Current
Constant Power Present Discharge Average Power
02 Constant Current SBS.Current( )
Constant Power SBS.InstantPower( ) = SBS.Current( ) x SBS.Voltage( )
03 Constant Current SBS.AverageCurrent( )
Constant Power SBS.AveragePower( ) = SBS.AverageCurrent( ) x SBS.Voltage( )
04 Constant Current SBS.DesignCapacity( ) / 5
Constant Power SBS.DesignEnergy( ) / 5
05 Constant Current SBS.AtRate( ) (mAh)
Constant Power SBS.AtRate( ) (10mWh)
06 Constant Current DF.UserDefinedCurrent
Constant Power DF.UserDefinedCurrent x SBS.DesignVoltage( )
Reserve Battery Capacity

The bq20z80 allows a fixed amount of capacity to be reserved between the point where
SBS.RemainingCapacity( ) is reported as 0%, and the absolute minimum voltage, DF.TerminateVoltage
threshold (TV). This enables a system to report zero energy, but still have enough reserve energy to perform a
controlled shutdown, or to provide an extended sleep period for the host system.
The DF.TerminateVoltage threshold is a battery voltage based on, and compared to SBS.Voltage( ).
Also, if DF.OperationConfiguration, ResCap = 0, the reserve capacity is compensated at a light-load level (C/20).
However, if DF.OperationConfiguration, ResCap = 1, then the reserve capacity is compensated for the present
discharge rate.
TVT Terminate Voltage Cell Threshold Integer 0 to 20000 2 mV 3000
ResCap Reserve Capacity Integer 0 to 2000 2 mAh 250
10
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Discharge and Charge Alarms

The bq20z80 enables the SBS.BatteryStatus( )Terminate_Discharge_Alarm, Fully_Discharged, Termin-
ate_Charge_Alarm and Fully_Charged flags based on the following thresholds based on
SBS.RelativeStateOfCharge( ) or SBS.AbsoluteStateOfCharge( ) depending on the DMODE setting of
DF.Operation Configuration.
• When SBS.RSOC( ) or SBS.ASOC( )≤DF.TDASet, Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is set.
• When SBS.RSOC( ) or SBS.ASOC( )≥DF.TDAClear, Fully_Discharged is cleared.
• When SBS.RSOC( ) or SBS.ASOC( )≤DF.FDSet, Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is set.
• When SBS.RSOC( ) or SBS.ASOC( )≥DF.FDClear, Fully_Discharged is cleared.
• When SBS.RSOC( ) or SBS.ASOC( )≥DF.TCASet, Terminate_Charge_Alarm is set.
• When SBS.RSOC( ) or SBS.ASOC( )≤DF.TCAClear, Terminate_Charge_Alarm is cleared.
• When SBS.RSOC( ) or SBS.ASOC( )≥DF.FCSet, Fully_Charged is set.
• When SBS.RSOC( ) or SBS.ASOC( )≤DF.FCClear, Fully_Charged is cleared.
TDASet TDA Set Threshold (1) 6
TDAClea TDA Clear Threshold (1) 8
r
FDSet FD Set Threshold (1) 2
FDClear FD Clear Threshold (1) 5
Unsigned Char 0 to 101 1 %
TCASet TCA Set Threshold (2) 100
TCAClea TCA Clear Threshold (2) 95
r
FCSet FC Set Threshold (2) 100
FCClear FC Clear Threshold (2) 98
(1) Setting to 101% prevents the TDA or FD flag from being set or cleared based on SBS.RelativeStateOfCharge( ).
(2) Setting to 0% prevents the TCA or FC flag from being set or cleared based on SBS.RelativeStateOfCharge( ).
11
12
bq20z80
Safety Over Current in Charge = ALL FETs OFF, TCA + TDA + PF = 1

Short Circuit in Charge = ALL FETs OFF, TDA = 1
2nd Tier Over Current in Charge = CHG +DSG FET OFF, TCA = 1
1st Tier Over Current in Charge = CHG +DSG FET OFF, TCA = 1 Safety Over Voltage = ALL FETs OFF, TCA + TDA + PF = 1
Over Charging Current = CHG FET OFF, TCA = 1 Pack Over Voltage = CHG FET OFF, TCA = 1
CC( ) = DF.Fast−Charge Current Cell Over Voltage = CHG FET OFF, TCA = 1
Over Charging Voltage = CHG FET OFF, TCA = 1
CV( ) = DF.ChargingVoltage
Pulse Charging VMAX or VON for tON
Pulse Charging
Cell Balancing Threshold
Enabled (if required)
Cell Balancing Enabled
I (if required)
100%
V
RSOC%

Charger Termination = TCA + FC = 1
CC( ) = DF. Pre−Charge Current
0A
Safety Over Temperature = All FETs OFF, TCA + TDA + OTA + PF = 1
DF. Pre−Charge Voltage Threshold Over Temperature = CHG and DSG FETs OFF, TCA + OTA = 1
DF.Charge Suspend Temperature High = SBS.CC( ) = 0

DF.TerminateVoltage = FD = 1
DF.Charge Inhibit Temperature High = SBS.CC( ) = 0
Fast Charge Time
Power Applied Pre−Charge Time Out
DF.TDA_Clear
T Over Charge = CHG FET OFF, TCA + OCA = 1
DF.FD_Clear
SBS.RSOC( ) = 0%
DF.Reserve Capacity
DF.TerminateVoltage = FD = 1
DF.Pre−Charge Temperature
DF.Charge Inhibit Temperature Low = SBS.CC( ) = 0

DF.Charge Suspend Temperature Low = SBS.CC( ) = 0
Figure 1. Typical Charge Profile of Measured Parameters and the Associated FET and Flag States
www.ti.com
Safety Over Current in Discharge = ALL FETs OFF, TCA + TDA + PF = 1
Short Circuit in Discharge = ALL FETs OFF, TDA = 1

www.ti.com
rd
2 Tier Over Current in Discharge = CHG +DSG FET OFF, TDA = 1
nd
2 Tier Over Current in Discharge = CHG +DSG FET OFF, TDA = 1
1st Tier Over Current in Discharge = CHG +DSG FET OFF, TDA = 1
DF.FC_Clear
DF.TCA_Clear
I
0A
RSOC%
Safety Over Temperature in Discharge = All FETs OFF, TCA + TDA + OTA + PF = 1
Over Temperature in Discharge = CHG and DSG FETs OFF, TDA + OTA = 1
DF.Discharge Inhibit Temperature High = SBS.CC( ) = 0, TDA = 1
DF.TerminateVoltage = DSG FET OFF, FD + TDA = 1

T
Cell Under Voltage = CHG FET OFF, ZVCHG FET ON, TCA = 1
Pack Under Voltage = CHG FET OFF, ZVCHG FET ON, TCA = 1
DF.Discharge Inhibit Temperature Low = SBS.CC( ) = 0
DF.TDA_Set
DF.FD_Set
SBS.RSOC( ) = 0% DF.Reserve Capacity

DF.TerminateVoltage = DSG FET OFF + FD + TDA = 1
Absolute Minimum Voltage for System Operation
Figure 2. Typical Discharge Profile of Measured Parameters and the Associated FET and Flag States
bq20z80
13
bq20z80
www.ti.com
PRIMARY SAFETY FEATURES

The bq20z80 supports a wide range of battery- and system-protection features that are easily configured via the
integrated data flash.
Cell Overvoltage
The bq20z80 can disable charging by turning off the charge FET if any cell voltage is equal to or greater than the
DF.CellOverVoltage (COV) threshold for a period equal to or greater than DF.CellOverVoltageTime (COVT). This
feature is disabled if COVT = 0,.
During the time between when an excessive voltage is first detected and the expiration of COVT, the COV bit in
SBS.SafetyAlert( ) is set. If, during this period, the voltage falls below the COV threshold, this flag is cleared.
If COVT expires, the charge FET is turned off. The ZVCHG FET is also turned off if the
DF.OperationConfiguration, ZVCHGx bits are set appropriately. Also, when COVT expires,
SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to 0, SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) is cleared, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Termin-
ate_Charge_Alarm is set, and the COV bit in SBS.SafetyStatus( ) is set.
For the bq20z80 to fully recover from a cell overvoltage condition, all SBS.VCELLx( ) reports must be equal to or
less than the DF.CellOverVoltageRecovery (COVR) threshold. When this occurs, the charge FET is allowed to
be turned on only if other safety and configuration states permit. On recovery from an overvoltage condition,
SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Charge_Alarm is reset, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and SBS.ChargingVoltage( )
are set to the appropriate value per the charging algorithm, and the COV bit in SBS.SafetyStatus( ) is reset.
However, when the bq20z80 has the COV bit set, the charge FET will be turned on again while SBS.Current( ) is
reported to be less than or equal to the DF.DischargeDetectionThreshold (IDSG). No other flags change state
until full recovery is reached. This prevents overheating the charge-FET body diode during discharge from an
overvoltage condition.
Cell Overvoltage Threshold Compensation

If the bq20z80 is detects charging (SBS.BatteryStatus( ) DISCHARGING = 0), the actual threshold for
cell-overvoltage detection is reduced, based on the reported SBS.Temperature( ).
If SBS.Temperature( ) is greater than DF.OverTemperatureInCharge–DF.TemperatureHysteresis (THYS), the
actual cell-overvoltage threshold used is DF.CellOverVoltage–COVDELTA. However, if COVDELTA = 0 then the
compensation of the cell-overvoltage threshold is disabled.
LABEL DESCRIPTION FORMAT VALID RANGE SIZE UNITS DEFAULT
(BYTES) VALUE
COV Cell Overvoltage Threshold Integer 3700 to 5000 2 4300
mV
COVR Cell Overvoltage Recovery Threshold Integer 0 to 5000 2 4150
COVT Cell Overvoltage Time Integer 0 to 60 1 s 2
COVDELTA Cell Overvoltage Delta Integer 0 to 200 1 mV 20
THYS Cell Overvoltage Temperature Hysteresis Integer 0 to 200 1 0.1oC 150
Pack Overvoltage
The bq20z80 can disable charging by turning off the charge FET if the pack voltage is equal to or greater than
the DF.PackOverVoltage (POV) threshold for a period equal to or greater than DF.PackOverVoltageTime
(POVT). However, if POVT = 0, this feature is disabled.
During the period between when an excessive voltage is detected and the expiration of POVT, the POV bit in
SBS.SafetyAlert( ). If, during this period, the voltage falls below the POV threshold, this flag is cleared.
If POVT expires, the charge FET is turned off. The ZVCHG FET is also turned off if the
DF.OperationConfiguration, ZVCHGx bits are set appropriately. Also, when POVT expires,
SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to 0, SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) is cleared, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Termin-
ate_Charge_Alarm is set, and the POV bit in SBS.SafetyStatus( ) is set.
14
bq20z80
www.ti.com
For the bq20z80 to fully recover from a pack overvoltage condition, SBS.Voltage( ) must be equal to or less than
the DF.PackOverVoltageRecovery (POVR) threshold. When this occurs, the charge FET is allowed to be turned
on only if other safety and configuration states permit. On recovery from a pack overvoltage condition,
SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Charge_Alarm is reset, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and SBS.ChargingVoltage( )
are set to the appropriate value per the charging algorithm, and the POV bit in SBS.SafetyStatus( ) is reset.
However, when the bq20z80 has the POV bit set, the charge FET is turned on again while SBS.Current( ) is
reported to be less than or equal to the DF.DischargeDetectionThreshold (IDSG). No other flags change state
until the full recovery is reached. This prevents overheating the charge-FET body diode during discharge from an
overvoltage condition.
(BYTES) VALUE
POV Pack Overvoltage Threshold Integer 0 to 30000 2 17500
mV
POVR Pack Overvoltage Recovery Threshold Integer 0 to 30000 2 16000
POVT Pack Overvoltage Time Integer 0 to 60 1 s 2
Cell Undervoltage
The bq20z80 can disable discharging by turning off the discharge FET if any cell voltage is equal to or less than
the DF.CellUnderVoltage (CUV) threshold for a period equal to or greater than DF.CellUnderVoltageTime
(CUVT). This feature is disabled if CUVT = 0.
During the period between the time when a low voltage is first detected and the expiration of CUVT, the CUV bit
in SBS.SafetyAlert( ) is set. If, during this period, the voltage falls below the CUV threshold, this flag is cleared.
If CUVT expires, the discharge FET is turned off and the ZVCHG FET is turned on if DF.OperationConfiguration,
ZVCHGx bits are set appropriately. Also, when CUVT expires SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is cleared,
SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) is cleared, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is set, and the CUV bit in
SBS.SafetyStatus( ) is set.
For the bq20z80 to fully recover from a cell undervoltage condition all SBS.VCELLx( ) reports should be equal to
or greater than the DF.CellUnderVoltageRecovery (CUVR) threshold. When this occurs, the discharge FET is
allowed to be turned on only if other safety and configuration states permit. On recovery from an undervoltage
condition, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is reset, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Fully_Discharged is
set, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) are set to the appropriate value per the charging
algorithm, and the CUV bit in SBS.SafetyStatus( ) is reset.
However, when the bq20z80 has the CUV bit set, the discharge FET is turned on again as long as SBS.Current(
) is reported to be greater than or equal to the DF.ChargeDetectionThreshold (ICHG). No other flags change
state until full recovery is reached. This prevents overheating the discharge-FET body diode during charging from
an undervoltage condition.
(BYTES) VALUE
CUV Cell Under Voltage Threshold Integer 0 to 3500 2 2800
mV
CUVR Cell Under Voltage Recovery Threshold Integer 0 to 3600 2 3000
CUVT Cell Under Voltage Time Integer 0 to 60 1 s 2
ICHG Charge Detection Current Integer 0 to 2000 2 mA 60
Pack Undervoltage
The bq20z80 can disable discharging by turning off the discharge FET if SBS.Voltage( ) is equal to or less than
the DF.PackUnderVoltage (PUV) threshold for a time period equal to or greater than DF.PackUnderVoltageTime
(PUVT). This feature is disabled if PUVT = 0.
During the period between the time when a low voltage is first detected and the expiration of PUVT, the PUV bit
in SBS.SafetyAlert( ) is set. If, during this period, the voltage falls below the PUV threshold, this flag is cleared.
If PUVT expires, the discharge FET is turned off and the ZVCHG FET is turned on if DF.OperationConfiguration,
ZVCHGx bits are set appropriately. Also when PUVT expires, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is cleared,
SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) is cleared, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is set, and the PUV bit in
SBS.SafetyStatus( ) is set.
15
bq20z80
www.ti.com
For the bq20z80 to fully recover from a pack undervoltage condition, SBS.Voltage( ) should be equal to or
greater than the DF.PackUnderVoltageRecovery (PUVR) threshold. When this occurs, the discharge FET is
allowed to be turned on only if other safety and configuration states permit. On recovery from a pack
undervoltage condition,SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is reset, SBS.BatteryStatus( )
Fully_Discharged is set, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) are set to the appropriate value
per the charging algorithm, and the PUV bit in SBS.SafetyStatus( ) is reset.
However, when the bq20z80 has the PUV bit set, the discharge FET is turned on again, as long as SBS.Current(
) is reported to be greater than or equal to the DF.ChargeDetectionThreshold (ICHG). No other flags change
state until full recovery is reached. This prevents overheating the discharge-FET body diode during charging from
an undervoltage condition.
(BYTES) VALUE
PUV Pack Under Voltage Integer 0 to 16000 2 11000
mV
PUVR Pack Under Voltage Recovery Integer 0 to 16000 2 12000
PUVT Pack Under Voltage Time Integer 0 to 60 1 s 2
Charge and Discharge Overcurrent

The bq20z80 has two independent tiers of overcurrent protection for discharge and charge. These two tiers
require the SBS.Current( ) to be equal to or greater than a programmed threshold in either charge or discharge
current for a period equal to or greater than a programmable time. If the programmable time for any of the
current-protection levels is set to 0, that specific feature is disabled.
The bq29312 provides a third level of discharge overcurrent protection that reacts according to the bq29312
internal settings. The bq29312 discharge overcurrent (overload) is configured by the bq20z80, where
DF.AFEOverCurrent (AOCD) and DF.AFEOverCurrentTime (AOCT) are used to provide the current threshold
and delay timing. See the bq29312 data sheet for the appropriate values to use.
For the first two tiers of overcurrent protection, during the period between when excessive current is detected
and the expiration of the timer, the respective SBS.SafetyAlert( ) bit is set. If the timer expires, or SBS.Current( )
returns within normal operating parameters, the SBS.SafetyAlert( ) bit is cleared.
DF THRESHOLD DF TIME FET SBS.SAFETYALERT( ), DF CLEAR
SBS.SAFETYSTATUS( ) THRESHOLD
AND DF.NRCONFIG
Tier-1 Overcurrent,Charge Overcurrent, Charge Time (OCCT) CHG OCC
Charge (OCC) Overcurrent,
Charge Recovery
Tier-2 Overcurrent, Charge 2 Overcurrent, Charge Time 2 (OCC2T) CHG OCC2 (OCC)
Charge (OCC2)
Tier-1 Overcurrent, Discharge Overcurrent, Discharge Time (OCDT) DSG OCD
Discharge (OCD)
Overcurrent, Dis-
Tier-2 Overcurrent, Discharge 2 Overcurrent, Discharge Time 2 DSG OCD2
charge Recovery
Discharge (OCD2) (OCD2T)
(OCD)
Tier-3 AFE Overcurrent, Dis- AFE Overcurrent, Discharge Time CHG, AOCD (1)
Discharge charge (AOCD) (AOCDT) DSG
(1) No SBS.SafetyAlert( ) flag
If the timer of any tier expires during charge, the charge FET is turned off and the ZVCHG FET is turned off if the
DF.OperationConfiguration, ZVCHGx bits are set appropriately. When this occurs, the AFE_Current_Fault timer
is started from 0, SBS. ChargingCurrent( ) is cleared, SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) is cleared, SBS.BatteryStatus( )
Terminate_Charge_Alarm is set, and the correct tier flag is set in SBS.SafetyStatus( ).
However, when the bq20z80 has either SBS.SafetyStatus( )OCC or OCC2 set, the charge FET is turned on
again, as long as SBS.Current( ) is reported to be less than or equal to the DF.DischargeDetectionThreshold
(IDSG). No other flags change state until full recovery is reached. This prevents overheating the charge-FET
body diode during discharge. This action is not affected by the state of the NR bit in DF.OperationConfiguration.
If the timer of either of the first two tiers expires during discharge, the discharge FET is turned off and the
ZVCHG FET is turned on if the DF.OperationConfiguration, ZVCHGx bits are set appropriately. When this occurs
the AFE_Current_Fault timer is started from 0, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is cleared, SBS.BatteryStatus(
)Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is set, and the correct tier flag is set in SBS.SafetyStatus( ).
16
bq20z80
www.ti.com
When the bq29312 detects a discharge-overcurrent fault, the charge and discharge FETs are turned off, the
EVENT pin of the bq20z80 is driven low, and the bq29312 is interrogated. When the bq20z80 identifies the
overcurrent condition, the AFE_Current_Fault timer is started from 0, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Termin-
ate_Discharge_Alarm is set, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is cleared, and the AOCD bit in SBS.SafetyStatus( ) is set.
However, when the bq20z80 has SBS.SafetyStatus( )OCD, OCD2 or AOCD set, the FETs are turned on again,
as long as SBS.Current( ) is reported to be less than or equal to the DF.DischargeDetectionThreshold (IDSG).
No other flags change state until full recovery is reached. This prevents overheating the charge-FET body diode
during discharge. This action is not affected by the state of the NR bit in DF.OperationConfiguration.
The bq20z80 can individually configure each overcurrent-protection feature to recover via two different methods
based on the NR bit in DF.OperationConfiguration.
Standard Recovery, where DF.OperationConfiguration.NR = 0, and the overcurrent tier is selected in

DF.NRConfig. When the pack is removed and re-inserted the condition is cleared. Pack removal and re-insertion
is detected by a high-to-low transition on the PRES input. When the tier is not selected in DF.NRConfig, that
particular feature uses the Non-Removable Battery Mode recovery.
Non-Removable Battery Mode Recovery where DF.OperationConfiguration.NR = 1. The state of DF.NRConfig
has no consequence when DF.OperationConfiguration.NR = 1. This recovery requires SBS.AverageCurrent( ) to
be less than or equal to the respective recovery threshold, and for the AFE_Current_Fault timer to be equal to or
greater than DF.Current Recovery Time.
When a charge-fault recovery condition is detected, then the charge FET is allowed to be turned on, if other
safety and configuration states permit. , the ZVCHG FET is turned off if the DF.OperationConfiguration, ZVCHGx
bits are set appropriately, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Charge_Alarm is reset, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and
SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) are set to the appropriate value per the charging algorithm, and the appropriate
SBS.SafetyStatus( ) flag is reset.
When a discharge-fault recovery condition is detected, the discharge FET is allowed to be turned on if other
safety and configuration states permit. The ZVCHG FET is turned off if the DF.OperationConfiguration, ZVCHGx
bits are set appropriately, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is reset, SBS.ChargingCurrent( )
and SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) are set to the appropriate value per the charging algorithm, and the appropriate
(BYTES) VALUE
OCC Overcurrent, Charge Threshold 0 to 20000 2 4000
mA
OCCR Overcurrent, Charge Recovery 0 to 2000 2 200
OCCT Overcurrent, Charge Time 0 to 60 1 s 5
CRT Current Recovery Time 0 to 60 1 s 10
OCD Overcurrent, Discharge Threshold 0 to 20000 2 mA 4000
OCDR Overcurrent, Discharge Recovery Integer 0 to 20000 2 mA 200
OCDT Overcurrent, Discharge Time 0 to 60 1 s 5
OCC2 Tier-2 Overcurrent, Charge Threshold 0 to 20000 2 mA 6000
OCC2T Tier-2 Overcurrent, Charge Time 0 to 60 1 s 2
OCD2 Tier-2 Overcurrent, Discharge Threshold 0 to 20000 2 mA 6000
OCD2T Tier-2 Overcurrent, Discharge Time 0 to 60 1 s 2
AOCD AFE Overcurrent, Discharge Setting Hex 00 to 1f 1 – –
AOCDR AFE Overcurrent, Discharge Recovery Integer 0 to 500 2 mA 100
AOCDT AFE Overcurrent, Discharge Time Setting Hex 00 to 0f 1 – –
Short Circuit Protection

The bq20z80 short-circuit protection is controlled by the bq29312, but is recovered by the bq20z80. This allows
different recovery methods to accomodate various applications.
The bq29312 charge short-circuit and discharge short-circuit protection are configured by the bq20z80 in
DF.AFEShortCircuitInCharge and DF.AFEShortCircuitInDischarge, respectively. See the bq29312 data sheet for
the appropriate values to use.
17
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Short Circuit DF THRESHOLD & DF.Time FET SBS.SAFETYSTATUS( ) DF CLEAR THRESHOLD

AND DF.NRCONFIG
Charge Short Circuit in Charge (ASCC) CHG ASCC
Short Circuit Recovery
Discharge Short Circuit in Discharge (ASCD) DSG ASCD
When the bq29312 detects a short circuit in charge (ASCC) or short circuit in discharge (ASCD) fault, the charge
and discharge FETs are turned off, the EVENT pin of the bq20z80 is driven low and the bq29312 is interrogated.
When the bq20z80 identifies the short-circuit condition, the AFE_Current_Fault timer is started from 0,
SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is set, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is cleared, and the ASCC or
ASCD bit in SBS.SafetyStatus( ) is set.
However, when the bq20z80 has SBS.SafetyStatus( ) SCC set, the CHG FET is turned on again, as long as
SBS.Current( ) is reported to be less than or equal to the DF.DischargeDetectionThreshold (IDSG). Also, when
the bq20z80 has SBS.SafetyStatus( ) SCD set, the DSG FET is turned on again, as long as SBS.Current( ) is
reported to be greater than or equal to DF.ChargeDetectionThreshold (ICHG). No other flags change state until
full recovery is reached. This prevents overheating of charge- or discharge-FET body diode during operation.
This action is not affected by the state of the NR bit in DF.OperationConfiguration.
Each bq20z80 short-circuit protection feature can be individually configured to recover via two different methods,
based on the NR bit in DF.OperationConfiguration.
Standard Recovery is where DF.OperationConfiguration.NR = 0 and the overcurrent tier is selected in

DF.NRConfig. When the pack is removed and re-inserted, the condition is cleared. Pack removal and re-insertion
is detected by transition on the PRES input from low to high to low. When the tier is not selected in
DF.NRConfig, that particular feature uses the Non-Removable Battery Mode recovery.
Non-Removable Battery Mode Recovery is where DF.OperationConfiguration.NR = 1. The state of
DF.NRConfig has no consequence when NR = 1. This recovery requires SBS.AverageCurrent( ) to be less than
or equal to the DF.ShortCircuitRecovery threshold and for the AFE_Current_Fault timer to be equal to or greater
than DF.Current Recovery Time.
When the recovery condition for a charge fault is detected, the charge FET is allowed to be turned on if other
safety and configuration states permit. The ZVCHG FET is turned off if the DF.OperationConfiguration, ZVCHGx
bits are set appropriately. When this occurs, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Charge_Alarm is reset,
SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) are set to the appropriate values per the charging
algorithm, and the appropriate SBS.SafetyStatus( ) flag is reset.
When the recovery condition for a discharge fault is detected, the discharge FET is allowed to be turned on if
other safety and configuration states permit, and the ZVCHG FET is turned on if the DF.OperationConfiguration,
ZVCHGx bits are set appropriately, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is reset,
SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) are set to the appropriate value per the charging algorithm,
and the appropriate SBS.SafetyStatus( ) flag is reset.
LABEL DESCRIPTION FORMAT VALID SIZE UNITS DEFAULT
RANGE (BYTES) VALUE
SCC Low Nibble = AFE Short Circuit, Charge Setting Hex x0 to xf
00
SCCT High Nibble = AFE Short Circuit, Charge Time Setting Hex 0x to fx
–
SCD Low Nibble = AFE Short Circuit, Discharge Setting Hex x0 to xf 1 x0
SCDT High Nibble = AFE Short Circuit, Discharge Time Setting Hex 0x to fx 0x
SCR Short Circuit Recovery Threshold Integer v mA 1
18
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Over-Temperature Protection
The bq20z80 has over-temperature protection for both charge and discharge conditions. In either case, if
SBS.Temperature( ) is greater than or equal to the protection threshold for a period greater than or equal to the
protection delay time then action is taken. However, if the delay time is set to 0 then the feature is disabled.
DF THRESHOLD DF TIME FET SBS.SAFETYALERT( ) DF CLEAR
SBS.SAFETYSTATUS( ) THRESHOLD
Charge Over Temperature, Over Temperature, CHG OTC Over Temperature, Charge
Charge (OTC) Charge Time (OTCT) Recovery (OTCR)
Dis- Over Temperature, Over Temperature, DSG OTD Over Temperature, Discharge
charge Discharge (OTD) Discharge Time (OTDT) Recovery (OTDR)
During the period between detection of excessive temperature and the expiration of the timer, the respective
SBS.SafetyAlert( ) bit is set. If the timer expires or SBS.Temperature( ) returns within the normal operation range,
the SBS.SafetyAlert( ) bit is cleared.
If OTC becomes set and if DF.OperationConfiguration.OTFET is set, the CHG FET is turned off and the ZVCHG
FET turned off, if the DF.OperationConfiguration, ZVCHGx bits are set appropriatly. If OTD becomes set and if
DF.OperationConfiguration, OTFET is set, the DSG FET turns off. If the OTFET bit is cleared, no FET action is
taken. Also, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Over_Temperature_Alarm is set, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is cleared,
SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) is cleared, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Charge_Alarm or SBS.BatteryStatus( )
Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is set, and the corresponding flag in SBS.SafetyStatus( ) is set.
However, when the bq20z80 has either SBS.SafetyStatus( ) OTC bit set, the CHG FET is turned on again, as
long as SBS.Current( ) is reported to be less than or equal to the DF.DischargeDetectionThreshold (IDSG). Also,
when the bq20z80 has SBS.SafetyStatus( ) OTD set, the DSG FET is turned on again, as long as SBS.Current( )
is reported to be less than or equal to the DF.ChargeDetectionThreshold (ICHG). No other flags change state
until full recovery is reached. This prevents overheating the respective FET's body diode during operation. This
action is not affected by the state of the NR bit in DF.OperationConfiguration.
For normal recovery to be achieved, SBS.Temperature( ) must be less than or equal to the respective
DF.OverTemperature Recovery in Charge or DF.OverTemperature Recovery in Discharge. When this occurs, the
FETs are returned to the normal operating state if applicable, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Over_Temperature_Alarm is
cleared, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Charge_Alarm or SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is
cleared, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) are set to the appropriate values per the charging
algorithm, and the appropriate SBS.SafetyStatus( ) flag is reset.
LABEL DESCRIPTION FORMAT VALID SIZE UNITS DEFAULT
RANGE (BYTES) VALUE
OTC Over Temperature in Charge Threshold 0 to 1200 2 0.1°C 550
OTCR Over Temperature in Charge Recovery 0 to 1200 2 0.1°C 450
OTCT Over Temperature in Charge Time 0 to 60 1 s 2
ICHG Charging Detection Current Threshold 0 to 2000 2 mA 50
Integer
OTD Over Temperature in Discharge Threshold 0 to 1200 2 0.1°C 600
OTDT Over Temperature in Discharge Delay 0 to 30 1 s 2
OTDR Over Temperature Discharge Recovery 0 to 1200 2 0.1°C 500
IDSG Discharging Detection Current Threshold 0 to 2000 2 mA 50
AFE Watchdog
The bq29312 incorporates a watchdog feature that automatically turns off the FETs if the bq29312 does not
receive the appropriate frequency input on the WDI pin. The bq20z80 has no warning that this is about to
happen, but can report that it occurred, once the bq20z80 can next interrogate the bq29312.
When the EVENT input of the bq20z80 is triggered by the XALERT pin of the bq29312, the bq20z80 reads
AFE.STATUS and records the status to RAM for use by SBS.AFEData( ) and other data management functions.
If the WDF bit is set, the WDF bit in SBS.Safety Status( ) is set, and periodic verification of the bq29312 RAM is
undertaken. If 3 attempts of the periodic verification fail, the bq20z80 sets AFE_P of DF.PF_Status and enters
permanent failure. See Periodic AFE Verification for further details.
19
bq20z80
www.ti.com
If the periodic verification passes, the WDF flag in SBS.SafetyStatus is cleared and the FETs returned to normal
operation.
Host Watchdog
The bq20z80 can be configured to require the host system to communicate with the battery periodically, else the
battery disables charging and discharging. The Host Watchdog function is only active in Normal Power Mode and
is disabled if the timeout period is set to 0.
If the bq20z80 does not receive any valid SMBus communications for a period of time equal to or greater than
DF.Host Watchdog Timeout, the FETs are turned off, SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) = 0, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) = 0,
SBS.BatteryStatus( ), TCA and TDA are set, and SBS.SafetyStatus( ) HWDG is set.
For normal recovery to be achieved, normal SMBus communications must be resumed. When this occurs, the
FETs are returned to the normal operating state, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Charge_Alarm and
SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Discharge_Alarm are cleared, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and
SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) are set to the appropriate value per the charging algorithm, and the HWDG
HWTO Host Watchdog Timeout Period Integer 0 to 240 1 s 10
SECONDARY PROTECTION FEATURES

The bq20z80 provides features that can be used to indicate a more serious fault via the SAFE output. This
output can be used to blow an in-line fuse to permanently disable the battery pack from charge or discharge
activity.
Actions on Detection of Secondary or Permanent Failure

When the bq20z80 SBS.PFStatus( ) changes from 0x00 to indicate a permanent failure then the following actions
are taken in sequence.
• CHG, DSG and ZVCHG FETs are turned OFF
• SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Charge_Alarm and Terminate_Discharge_Alarm are set
• A backup of SBS data is stored to data flash including SBS.Voltage( ), SBS.VCELL1( ), SBS.VCELL2( ),
SBS.VCELL3( ), SBS.VCELL4( ), SBS.Current( ), SBS.Temperature( ), SBS.BatteryStatus( ),
SBS.RemaingCapacity( ) , SBS.SafetyStatus( ), SBS.ChargingStatus( ), AFE.Data (Complete memory map)
• Data Flash write access is then disabled, but the data flash can be read.
• SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) are set to 0
• The appropriate bit in DF.PFStatus is set
• If the appropriate bit in DF.PFConfig is set then 0x3672 is programmed to DF.PF_Flag and the SAFE pin is
driven and latched low
• PF in SBS.SafetyStatus( ) is set
PF_FLAG Permanent Failure Flag Hex 0000 or 3672 2 – 0000
Clearing Permanent Failure

The bq20z80 permanent failure mode can be cleared by sending 2 SBS.ManufacturerAccess( ) commands in
sequence. See SBS.ManufacturerAccess( ) for more details.
2nd Level Protection IC Input (PFIN)

The PFIN input of the bq20z80 can be used to determine the state of an external protection device such as the
bq29400. If this pin is logic low for a period of time greater than or equal to DF.PFINTime (PFINT), the
Permananet Failure Mode is entered. During the period of time between when PFIN is detected low and the
expiration of PFINT, the PFIN bit in SBS.PFAlert( ) is set.
If DF.PFConfig XPFIN is set, the SAFE pin is driven low. Also, if PFINT is set to 0, this feature is disabled.
20
bq20z80
www.ti.com
PFINT PFIN Input Detection Time Integer 0 to 30 1 s 0 (4 typ)
Safety Overvoltage Protection (SOV)

The bq20z80 reports a safety-overvoltage condition when SBS.Voltage( ) is greater than or equal to the
DF.SafetyOverVoltage (SOV) threshold for a period greater than or equal to the DF.SafetyOverVoltageTime
(SOVT). During the period of time between when the excessive voltage is first detected and the expiration of
SOVT the SOV bit in SBS.PFAlert( ) is set.
If DF.PFConfig XSOV is set, the SAFE pin is driven low. If SOVT is set to 0, this feature is disabled.
(BYTES) VALUE
SOV Safety Overvoltage Threshold Integer 0 to 20000 2 mV 18000
SOVT Safety Overvoltage Time Integer 0 to 30 1 s 0 (4 typ)
Safety Overcurrent Protection (SOCC, SOCD)

The bq20z80 reports a safety-overcurrent condition for either charge (SBS.Current( ) = positive) or discharge
(SBS.Current( ) = negative). A fault is reported when SBS.Current( ) is greater than or equal to the
DF.SafetyOverCurrentInCharge (SOCC) or DF.SafetyOverCurrentInDischarge (SOCD) threshold for a period
greater than or equal to the DF.SafetyOverCurrentTime (SOCT). During the period between the time when
excessive current is first detected and the expiration of SOCT, the SOCC or SOCD (depending on direction of
current flow) bit in SBS.PFAlert( ) is set.
Either the protection in discharge and charge can be independently configured or disabled, where if DF.PFConfig
XSOCC or XSOCD is set, the SAFE pin is driven low for the respective fault. Also, if SOCC or SOCD is set to 0,
this feature is disabled for the respective current direction.
(BYTES) VALUE
SOCC Safety Overcurrent in Charge Threshold 0 to 30000 0 (10000 typ)
2 mA
SOCD Safety Overcurrent in Discharge Threshold Integer 0 to 30000 0 (10000 typ)
SOCT Safety Overcurrent Time 0 to 30 1 s 4
Safety Over Temperature Protection (SOTC, SOTD)

The bq20z80 reports a safety over-temperature condition for either charge (SBS.Current( ) = positive) or
discharge (SBS.Current( ) = negative). A fault will be reported when SBS.Temperature( ) is greater than or equal
to the DF.SafetyOverTemperatureInCharge (SOTC) or DF.SafetyOverTemperatureInDischarge (SOTD) threshold
for a period greater than or equal to the DF.SafetyOverTemperatureInChargeTime (SOTCT) or
DF.SafetyOverTemperatureInDischargeTime (SOTDT). During the period between the time when excessive
temperature is first detected and the expiration of SOTT, the SOTC or SOTD bit (depending on direction of
current flow) in SBS.PFAlert( ) is set.
Either discharge or charge protection can be independently configured or disabled, where if DF.PFConfig
XSOTC or XSOTD is set, the SAFE pin is driven low for the respective fault. If SOTCT or SOTDT is set to 0, this
feature is disabled for the respective current direction.
(BYTES) VALUE
SOTC Safety Over Temperature in Charge Threshold 0 to 1200 2 0.1°C 650
SOTCT Safety Over Temperature in Charge Time 0 to 30 1 s 0 (4 typ)
Integer
SOTD Safety Over Temperature in Discharge Threshold 0 to 1200 2 0.1°C 750
SOTDT Safety Over Temperature in Discharge Time 0 to 30 1 s 0 (4 typ)
21
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Cell Imbalance Fault Protection (CIM)

The bq20z80 reports a cell imbalance condition when SBS.Current( ) is less than or equal to
DF.MinimumCellImbalanceCurrent (I_CIM) for a period of DF.BatteryRestTime (BRT), and the difference
between the highest measured cell voltage (VCELL(MAX)) and lowest measured cell voltage (VCELL(MIN)) is
greater than or equal to DF.CellImbalanceThreshold (CIM) for a period greater than or equal to Cell Imbalance
Time (CIMT).
During the period between the time when excessive cell-voltage variance is first detected and the expiration of
CIMT, the CIM bit in SBS.PFAlert( ) is set.
If DF.PFConfig XCIM is set, the SAFE pin is driven low. If CIMT is set to 0, this feature is disabled.
CIM Cell Imbalance Threshold 0 to 5000 2 mV 1000
CIMT Cell Imbalance Time 0 to 30 1 s 2
Integer
I_CIM Minimum Cell Imbalance Current 0 to 200 1 mA 5
BRT Battery Rest Time 0 to 240 1 s 0 (60 typ)
Charge and Zero-Volt Charge FET Fault Protection (CFETF)

If the bq20z80 has at any time attempted to turn off the CHG or ZVCHG FETs, or the AFE.OUTPUT_CTL, CHG
bit is set, and a charge current continues to flow that is greater than or equal to DF.FET Fault Threshold (FETF)
for a period of DF.FETFailTime, then a CHG FET Fault is reported.
When the first occurrence of excessive charge current is detected, the CFETF bit in SBS.PFAlert( ) is set, and
the bq20z80 attempts to turn off the CHG and ZVCHG FET again. The CFETF bit in SBS.PFAlert( ) is cleared if
at any time before the FETFT is equaled or exceeded, the current is measured below the FETF threshold.
If DF.PFConfig XCFETF is set, the SAFE pin is driven low. If FETF is set to 0, this feature is disabled.
FETF FET Failure Threshold 0 to 5000 2 mA 200
Integer
FETFT FET Failure Time 0 to 30 1 s 0 (2 typ)
Discharge FET Fault Protection (DFETF)

If the bq20z80 has at any time attempted to turn off the DSG FET, or the AFE.OUTPUT_CTL, DSG bit is set,
and discharge current continues to flow greater than or equal to DF.FETFaultThreshold (FETF) for a period of
DF.FETFailTime, then a DSG FET Fault is reported. If FEFT is set to 0, the feature is completely disabled.
When the first occurrence of excessive charge current is detected, the DFETF bit in SBS.PFAlert( ) is set, and
the bq20z80 attempts to turn off the DSG FET again. The DFETF bit in SBS.PFAlert( ) is cleared if at any time
before the FETFT times out, the current is measured below the FETF threshold.
If DF.PFConfig XDFETF is set, the SAFE pin is driven low. If FETF is set to 0, this feature is disabled.
AFE Communication Fault Protection (AFE_C)

The bq20z80 continuously validates its read and write communications with the bq29312. If either a read or write
verify fails, an internal AFE_Fail_Counter is incremented. If the AFE_Fail_Counter exceeds the
DF.AFE_Fail_Limit value, the bq20z80 reports a permanent failure. If the DF.AFE_Fail_Limit is set to 0, this
feature is not disabled, but reports a permanent failure after only 1 AFE communication fault.
The internal AFE_Fail_Counter is decremented by one count each DF.Fail_Counter_Recovery_Time (FCRT). If
the AFE_Fail_Counter is greater than one, the AFE_C bit in SBS.PFAlert( ) is set, and is only cleared when
AFE_Fail_Counter is returned to 0, or the AFE_C bit in SBS.PFStatus( ) is set.
If DF.PFConfig XAFE_C is set, the SAFE pin is driven low.
AFL AFE Fail Limit 0 to 255 1 counts 0 (2 typ)
Integer
FCRT AFE Fail Counter Recovery Time 0 to 255 1 s 20
22
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Periodic AFE Verification (AFE_P)

The bq20z80 periodically (DF.AFE_Check_Time, (ACT)) compares the entire RAM in the bq29312 with that of
the bq20z80 data flash and the expected control-bit states. If an error is detected, the
AFE_Periodic_Fail_Counter is incremented. If the AFE_Periodic_Fail_Counter reaches the
DF.Periodic_Fail_Limit, the bq20z80 reports a permanent failure. If the DF.Periodic_Fail_Limit is set to 0, this
feature is not disabled, but reports a permanent failure after only 1 AFE verification fault.
The internal AFE_Periodic_Fail_Counter is decremented by one count each
DF.Periodic_Fail_Counter_Recovery_Time (PFCRT). If the AFE_Periodic_Fail_Counter is greater than one, the
AFE_P bit in SBS.PFAlert( ) is set, and is only cleared when AFE_Periodic_Fail_Counter is returned to 0, or the
AFE_P bit in SBS.PFStatus( ) is set.
However, if DF.PFConfig XAFE_P is set, the SAFE pin is not driven low, and if DF.AFE_Check_Time is set to 0,
this feature is disabled.
(BYTES) VALUE
ACT AFE Check Time 1 s 0 (10 typ)
Integer 0 to 255
PFCRT Periodic Fail Counter Recovery Time 1 s 100
Fuse State Detection (FBF)

The bq20z80 can detect if an attempt has been made to blow the fuse, but this has failed. If the bq20z80
DF.PF_Flag is set and SBS.Current( ) is greater than or equal to DF.Fuse_Fail_Limit (FFL) in either charge or
discharge directions for a period greater than or equal to the DF.Fuse_Failure_Time (FFT), the bq20z80 sets the
FBF bit in SBS.PFStatus( ).
When the FFT timer begins, the FBF bit in SBS.PFAlert( ) is set. When the FFT timer expires or is cleared, the
FBF bit in SBS.PFAlert( ) is cleared.
(BYTES) VALUE
FFT Fuse Failure Time 0 to 30 1 s 0 (10 typ)
Integer
FFL Fuse Failure Limit 0 to 20 1 mA 2
Data Flash Verification

The bq20z80 generates the checksum of the static data flash upon receiving the appropriate
SBS.ManufacturerAccess( ) command. Once the first checksum has been created, the CSV bit in
SBS.OperationStatus( ) is set. The checksum can only be manually verified by reading the
ChecksumSBS.ManufcturerAccess( ) command.
The data flash locations NOT included in the checksum are:
• Cycle Count
• Full Charge Capacity
• Impedance Track RA Table
During normal opertion of the bq20z80 the device will verify all writes to Data Flash via a read and re-write
verifcation loop. If this verification fails then the SBS.SafetyStatus( ) DFF bit is set.
If DF.PFConfig XDFF is set, the SAFE pin is not driven low.
(BYTES) VALUE
DFCKS DF Checksum Integer 00000000 to ffffffff 4 00
23
bq20z80
www.ti.com
COMMUNICATIONS
The bq20z80 uses SMBus 1.1 with Master Mode and PEC options per the SBS specification.
SMBus On and Off State

The bq20z80 detects an SMBus off state when SMBC and SMBD are logic-low for equal to or greater than 2
seconds. Clearing this state requires either SMBC or SMBD to transition high, and within 1 ms, the
communication bus is available.
Packet Error Checking

The bq20z80 can receive or transmit data with or without PEC.
In the read-word protocol, the bq20z80 receives the PEC after the last byte of data from the host. If the host
does not support PEC, the last byte of data is followed by a stop condition. After receipt of the PEC, the bq20z80
compares the value to its calculation. If the PEC is correct, the bq20z80 responds with an ACKNOWLEDGE. If it
is not correct, the bq20z80 responds with a NOT ACKNOWLEDGE and sets an error code.
In the write-word and block-read, the host generates an ACKNOWLEDGE after the last byte of data sent by the
bq20z80. The bq20z80 then sends the PEC, and the host, acting as a master-receiver, generates a NOT
ACKNOWLEDGE and a stop condition.
Gas Gauge
Figure 3. SMBus Communication Protocol Without PEC
24
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Gas Gauge
Figure 4. SMBus Communication Protocol With PEC
PEC Calculation
PEC calculation is an 8-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC-8) based on the polynomial C(X) = X8 + X2 + X1 + 1
All bytes in the transmission are used in the calculation, including: Address, Command, and Data.
Not included: ACKNOWLEDGE, NOT ACKNOWLEDGE, start, stop, and repeated start.
STANDARD SBS COMMANDS

The bq20z80 SBS commands meet the SBD v1.1 specification.
ManufacturerAccess( ) (0x00)
This Read- or Write-Word function provides battery-system level data, access to test controls and security
features.
System Data (Returns Data)

Device Type: 0x0001, Returns IC part number. 0x0800 - The number is not stored in data flash, but is part of
the instruction flash.
Firmware Version: 0x0002, Returns the firmware version. This is not stored in data flash, but is part of the
instruction flash. Its format is most-significant byte (MSB) = Decimal integer, and the
least-significant byte (LSB) = sub-decimal integer, e.g., 0x0120 = version 01.20.
Hardware Version: 0x0003, Returns the hardware version stored in reserved data flash with a format of MSB =
Major Rev and LSB = Minor Rev, E.G.: 0xa2 = Version A2.
25
bq20z80
www.ti.com
DF Checksum: 0x0004, This function is only available when the bq20z80 is 'Unsealed', where
SBS.OperationStatus( ) SS = 0. A write to this command forces the bq20z80 to generate a
checksum of the static elements of the Data Flash (DF) array, write it to DF, and return the
generated checksum on a read. A Read returns the DF Checksum which is stored in DF.
NOTE:
If another SBS.ManufacturersAcces( ) command is received, the DF Checksum is not
returned, and can only be read from DF directly.
Manufacturer Status 0x0006, This function is compatible with the equivilant command in the bq2084, and is
available while the bq20z80 is in normal operation.
This 16-bit word reports the battery status. It is formatted differently in the bq20z80, based on the
DF.OperationConfiguration, MAC1 and MAC2 bits. The bq2084 format is the same as bq20z80
DF.OperationConfiguration, MAC1 = MAC2 = 0, and is detailed below.
Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8

FET1 FET0 PF1 PF0 STATE3 STATE2 STATE1 STATE0
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
FET1, FET0 Indicated the state of the charge and discharge FETs
0,0 Both charge and discharge FETs are on

0,1 Charge FET is off, discharge FET is on
1,0 Both charge and discharge FETs are off
1,1 Charge FET is on, discharge FET is off
PF1, PF0 Indicates permanent failure cause when permanent failure indicated by STATE3-STATE0
0,0 Fuse is blown

0,1 Cell imbalance failure
1,0 Safety voltage failure
1,1 FET failure
STATE3, STATE2, STATE1, STATE0 Indicates battery state as defined in the State and Status bit Summary
Table 3. STATE Code for Manufacture Status

bq2084 STATE STATE CODE (hex) CORRESPONDING bq20z80 FLAG
Wakeup 0 SBS.OperationStatus( ) WAKE
Precharge 3 SBS.ChargingStatus( ) PCHG
Chargesusp 4 SBS.ChargingStatus( ) CHGSUSP
Terminatecharge 7
Normalcharge 5 SBS.ChargingStatus( ) FCHG
Provisionalcharge 1 SBS.ChargignStatus( ) XCHG
Normaldischarge 1 SBS.OperationStatus( ) DSG
26
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Table 3. STATE Code for Manufacture

Status (continued)
bq2084 STATE STATE CODE (hex) CORRESPONDING bq20z80 FLAG
Depleted e SBS.OperationStatus( ) XDSG or XDSGV
or
Depleted_ac
XDSGI or XDSGT
Overheatdischarge
Overheatcharge
Battfail_overcharge
Battfail_lowtemp
Battfail_chargeterminate 8 SBS.ChargingStatus( ) OCHGI or OCHGV
Battfail_afe_chg c SBS.SafetyStatus( ) SCC
Battfail_afe_dsg c SBS.SafetyStatus( ) AOCD or SCD
Battfail_chg a SBS.SafetyStatus( ) OCC or OCC2
Battfail_dsg a SBS.SafetyStatus( ) OCD or OCD2
Removed f SBS.OperationStatus( ) PRES
Sleep d Communication causes exit of Sleep
Permanent_failure g SBS.SafetyStatus( ) PF
System Control (Triggers Actions)

Ship Command: 0x0010 Instructs the bq20z80 to verify and enter Shutdown. See 'Shutdown' in Power Modes.
Sleep Command: 0x0011 Instructs the bq20z80 to enter Sleep. See 'Sleep' in Power Modes.
IT Enable: 0x0021 This function is only available when the bq20z80 is 'Unsealed'. A Write forces the bq20z80 to
begin the ImpedanceTrack algorithm and sets the ITEN bit in DF.OperationConfiguration. This also
sets the ZEN and QEN bits in SBSOperationStatus( ). ZEN is cleared after a discharge, where
resistance is updated and QMAX is not updated. When QMAX updates ZEN is set.
Permanent Fail Clear: (1) 0x2673 then (2) 0x1712, This function is only available when the bq20z80 is
'Unsealed', and instructs the bq20z80 to clear the Permanent Failure Status, clear the Permanent
Failure Flag, clear the SAFE pin and unlock the Data flash for writes.
NOTE:
(1) must be followed by (2). If the clear fails then (1) can only be re-sent after 4s since
the last communication in the failed attempt. If communication, other than the second
code, occurs after the first code is sent, the clear fails.
SAFE Activation: 0x0030 This function is only available when the bq20z80 is Unsealed, and drives the SAFE
pin high.
SAFE Clear: SAFE Clear 0x0031 This function is only available when the bq20z80 is Unsealed, and drives the
SAFE pin low, only if protection functions allow. This does not clear PF Mode.
LEDs ON: 0x0032 This function is only available when the bq20z80 isUnsealed, and activates all configured
LEDs and will stay ON.
LED's OFF: 0x0033 This function is only available when the bq20z80 is Unsealed, and deactivates all configured
LEDs.
Display ON: 0x0034 This function is only available when the bq20z80 is Unsealed, and activates the configured
LED display per the level of SBS.RemainingStateOfCharge( ). The display turns off per the normal
display conditions.
Calibration Mode: 0x0040 This function is only available when the bq20z80 is Unsealed, and places the
bq20z80 into calibration mode. See the Calibration and Test section of this specification for further
details.
bq20z80 Reset: 0x00041 This function is only available when the bq20z80 is Unsealed, and when written to the
bq20z80 undergoes a full reset.
27
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Security (Enables and Disables Features)

There are three levels of secured operation within the bq20z80. To switch between the levels, different
operations are needed with different codes. The 3 levels are Sealed, Unsealed and Full Access.
1. Full Access or Unsealed to Sealed: 0x0020 Instructs the bq20z80 to limit access to the SBS Functions and
Data Flash space. In sealed mode, standard SBS functions have access per the standard
SBS-function summary table. Extended SBS Functions and data flash are not accessible.
2. Sealed to Unsealed Instructs the bq20z80 to extend access to the SBS and Data Flash space. In unsealed
mode, standard SBS functions have Read/Write access, extended SBS functions have access per
the extended SBS function summary table, and Data Flash have Read/Write access.
To return to the Sealed mode, either a hardware reset is needed, or a command to transition from
Full Access or Unsealed to Sealed.
3. Unsealed to Full Access Instructs the bq20z80 to allow Full Access to SBS and DF. The bq20z80 is shipped
from TI in this mode. In Full Access mode, the command to go to BootROM can be sent, and the
security keys for Unsealed to Full Access can be changed via SBS.SecurtiyKey1( ) and
SBS.SecurityKey2( ).
RemainingCapacityAlarm( ) (0x01)
This read or write function sets or gets the Low Capacity alarm threshold unsigned integer value.
When the SBS.RemainingCapacity( ) is less than SBS.RemainingCapacityAlarm( ), the bq20z80 sends
SBS.AlarmWarning( ) messages to the SMBus Host address with the REMAINING_CAPACITY_ALARM (RCA)
bit set. RCA is cleared when SBS.RemainingCapacityAlarm( ) is less than SBS.RemainingCapacity( ), or when
the SBS.RemainingCapacity( ) is increased by charging.
The default value of RemainingCapacityAlarm( ) is set in DF.Remaining Capacity Alarm. If
RemainingCapacityAlarm( ) = 0, this alarm is disabled.
If the ALARM_MODE bit is set in SBS.BatteryMode( ), the SBS.AlarmWarning( ) message is disabled for a set
period of time. See the SBS.BatteryMode( ) function for further information.
SBS.RemainingCapacityAlarm( ) may be expressed in terms of capacity (mAh) or power (10mWh), depending on
the setting of the CAPACITY_MODE bit in SBS.BatteryMode( ) (see SBS.BatteryMode( )).
BATTERY MODE
CAPACITY_MODE bit = 0 CAPACITY_MODE bit = 1
Units: mAh at C/5 10mWh at P/5
Range: 0 to 65,535 mAh 0 to 65,535 10mWh
Granularity not applicable
Accuracy see RemainingCapacity( )
RemainingTimeAlarm( ) (0x02)
This read or write-word function sets or gets the Remaining Time Alarm unsigned integer value in minutes and
with a range of 0 to 65,535.
When the SBS.AverageTimeToEmpty( ) is less than SBS.RemainingTimeAlarm( ), the bq20z80 sends
SBS.AlarmWarning( ) messages to the SMBus Host with the REMAINING_TIME_ALARM (RTA) bit set. RTA is
cleared when SBS.RemainingTimeAlarm( ) is less than SBS.AverageTimeToEmpty( ), or when the
SBS.AverageTimeToEmpty( ) is increased by charging.
The default value of SBS.RemainingTimeAlarm( ) is set in DF.Remaining Time Alarm. If
SBS.RemainingTimeAlarm( ) is set to 0, the alarm is disabled. If the ALARM_MODE bit is set in
SBS.BatteryMode( ) then the SBS.AlarmWarning( ) message is disabled for a set period of time. See the
SBS.BatteryMode( ) function for further information.
BatteryMode( ) (0x03)
This read- or write-word function selects the various battery operational modes and reports the battery's
capabilities, modes, and flags minor conditions requiring attention.
28
bq20z80
www.ti.com
BatteryMode( ) bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bi1 bit0

High Byte CapM ChgM AM RSVD RSVD RSVD PB CC
Low Byte CF RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD PBS ICC
The SBS.BatteryMode( ) word is divided into two halves, the MSB (bits 8-15) which is read/write and the LSB
(bits 0-7) which is read only. The default state of SBS.BatteryMode( ) is stored in DF.Initial Battery Mode.
FIELD FORMAT ALLOWABLE VALUES
ICC = INTERNAL_CHARGE_CONTROLLER Read Only Fixed to 1
PBS = PRIMARY_BATTERY_SUPPORT Read Only Fixed to 0
CF = CONDITION_FLAG Read Only 0 – Battery OK
1 – Conditioning Cycle Requested
CC = CHARGE_CONTROLLER_ENABLED Read/Write Not used, Fixed to 0
PB = PRIMARY_BATTERY Read/Write Not use, Fixed to 0
AM = ALARM_MODE Read/Write 0 – Enable AlarmWarning( ) broadcasts to Host and Smart Battery
Charger (default)
1 – Disable AlarmWarning( ) broadcast to Host and Smart Battery
Charger
ChgM = CHARGER_MODE Read/Write 0 – Enable ChargingVoltage( ) and ChargingCurrent( ) broadcasts to
Smart Battery Charger (default)
1 – Disable broadcasts of ChargingVoltage( ) and ChargingCurrent( ) to
Smart Battery Charger
CapM = CAPACITY_MODE Read/Write 0 – Report in mA or mAh (default)
1 – Report in 10mW or 10mWh
NOTE:
Because only CF, AM, ChgM and CapM are active; the remaining bits are not
described here. See the SBD specification for details on those bits.
CONDITION_FLAG: Indicates that the battery is requesting a conditioning cycle. Set by an increment of 20
counts in SBS.CycleCount( ) and cleared when SBS.FullChargeCapacity( ) has been updated.
ALARM_MODE: Disables the bq20z80's ability to master the SMBus and send SBS.AlarmWarning( ) messages
to the SMBus Host and the Smart Battery Charger.
When ALARM_MODE = 1, the bq20z80 does not master the SMBus, and SBS.AlarmWarning( )
messages are not sent to the SMBus Host and the Smart Battery Charger for a period of no more
than 65 seconds and no less than 45 seconds. The ALARM_MODE bit is automatically cleared by
the bq20z80 60 seconds after being set to 1.
When ALARM_MODE = 0 (default), the bq20z80 sends the SBS.AlarmWarning( ) messages to the
SMBus Host and the Smart Battery Charger any time an alarm condition is detected.
NOTE:
The system must poll the Smart Battery every 10 seconds, even when the system is
suspended, or while it is powered by AC if the ALARM_MODE bit is set.
CHARGER_MODE: Enables or disables the bq20z80's transmission of SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and
SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) messages to the Smart Battery Charger.
When CHARGER_MODE = 1, the bq20z80 will NOT transmit SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and
SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) values to the Smart Battery Charger.
When CHARGER_MODE = 0 (default), the bq20z80 transmits the SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and
SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) values to the Smart Battery Charger when charging is desired.
29
bq20z80
www.ti.com
CAPACITY_MODE: Indicates if capacity information is reported in mA/mAh or 10mW/10mWh.

When CAPCITY_MODE = 1 (default), the capacity information is reported in mA/mAh as appropriate. After
changing the CAPACITY_MODE bit, the following functions are updated:
• SBS.RemainingCapacityAlarm( )– Within 1s
• SBS.AtRate( ) - Within 1s
• SBS.RemainingCapacity( )– Within 1s
• SBS.FullChargeCapacity( )– Within 1s
• SBS.DesignCapacity( )– Within 1s, SBS.DesignCapacity( ) will change between DF.Design Capacity or
DF.Design Power depending on the CM bit transition.
The following functions are calculated on the basis of capacity, and may be calculated differently depending on
the CAPACITY_MODE bit:
• SBS.AtRateOK( )– Within 1s
• SBS.AtRateTimeToEmpty( )– Within 1s
• SBS.RunTimeToEmpty( )– Within 1s
• SBS.AverageTimeToEmpty( )– Within 1s
• SBS.RemainingTimeAlarm( )– Within 1s
• SBS.BatteryStatus( )– Within 1s
AtRate( ) (0x04)
This read- or write-word function is the first half of a two-function call set used to set the AtRate value used in
calculations made by the SBS.AtRateTimeToFull( ), SBS.AtRateTimeToEmpty( ), and SBS.AtRateOK( )
functions. The AtRate units are in either current (mA) or power (10mW) depending on the setting of the
SBS.BatteryMode( ) CAPACITY_MODE bit.
When the SBS.AtRate( ) value is positive, the SBS.AtRateTimeToFull( ) function returns the predicted time to
full-charge at the AtRate value of charge. When the SBS.AtRate( ) value is negative, the
SBS.AtRateTimeToEmpty( ) function returns the predicted operating time at the AtRate value of discharge. When
the SBS.AtRate( ) value is negative, the SBS.AtRateOK( ) function returns a Boolean value that predicts the
battery's ability to supply the AtRate value of additional discharge energy (current or power) for 10 seconds.
The default value for SBS.AtRate( ) is zero. It is a signed integer where the SBS.AtRate( ) value is positive for
charge, negative for discharge.
BATTERY MODE()
CAPACITY_MODE
BIT = 0 BIT = 1
Units: mA 10 mW
Charge Range: 1 to 32,767 mA 1 to 32,767 10 mW
Discharge Range: –1 to –32,768 mA –1 to –32,768 10 mW
Granularity 1 Unit
Accuracy NA
AtRateTimeToFull( ) (0x05)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted remaining time to fully charge the
battery at the AtRate( ) value in minutes, with a range of 0 to 65534. A value of 65,535 indicates that the
SBS.AtRate( ) = 0.
SBS.AtRateTimeToFull( ) can report time based on constant current (SBS.BatteryMode( ) CAPACITY = 0) or
constant power (SBS.BatteryMode( ) CAPACITY = 1), and updates within one second after the SMBus host sets
the AtRate value. The bq20z80 automatically updates SBS.AtRateTimeToFull( ) based on the SBS.AtRate( ) at
one-second intervals.
30
bq20z80
www.ti.com
AtRateTimeToEmpty( ) (0x06)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted remaining operating time in minutes
with a range of 0 to 65534, if the battery is discharged at the SBS.AtRate( ) value. A value of 65,535 indicates
that SBS.AtRate( ) = 0.
SBS.AtRateTimeToEmpty( ) can report time based on constant current (SBS.BatteryMode( ) CAPACITY = 0), or
constant power (SBS.BatteryMode( ) CAPACITY = 1), and is updated within one second after the SMBus host
sets the SBS.AtRate( ) value. The bq20z80 automatically updates SBS.AtRateTimeToEmpty( ) based on the
SBS.AtRate( ) at one-second intervals.
AtRateOK( ) (0x07)
This read-word function returns a Boolean value that indicates whether or not the battery can deliver the
SBS.AtRate( )-value of additional energy for 10 seconds.
If SBS.AtRate( ) is greater than or equal to 0, the SBS.AtRateOK( ) function always returns OK (logic 1).
The bq20z80 updates SBS.AtRateOK( ) within one second after the SMBus host sets the SBS.AtRate( ) value.
The bq20z80 automatically updates SBS.AtRateOK( ) based on the SBS.AtRate( ) at one-second intervals.
Temperature( ) (0x08)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the temperature in units of 0.1°K, as measured by
the bq20z80. It has a range of 0 to 6553.5°K.
The source of the measured temperature is configured by the TEMP0 and TEMP1 bits in
DF.OperationConfiguration.
TEMP1 TEMP0 TEMPERATURE() SOURCE (1)
(1) Both external temperature sensors, if used, MUST be the same

type.
Voltage( ) (0x09)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the sum of the individual cell voltage measurements
in mV with a range of 0 to 20000mV.
Current( ) (0x0a)
This read-word function returns a signed integer value of the measured current being supplied (or accepted) by
the battery in mA, with a range of –32,768 to 32,767. A positive value indicates charge current and negative
indicates discharge.
NOTE:
SBS.Current( ) is the average of 4 local current measurements over a one-second
period.
AverageCurrent( ) (0x0b)
This read-word function returns a signed integer value that approximates a one-minute rolling average of the
current being supplied (or accepted) through the battery terminals in mA, with a range of -32,768 to 32,767.
SBS.AverageCurrent( ) is calculated by a rolling average of SBS.Current( ) data with a period of
DF.AveragingTime. During the time after a reset and before DF.AveragingTime has expired the reported
SBS.AverageCurrent( ) = SBS.Current( ).
31
bq20z80
www.ti.com
MaxError( ) (0x0c)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the expected margin of error, in %, in the
state-of-charge calculation with a range of 1 to 100%.
SBS.MaxError( ) is set to 100% on a full reset, and is updated by the following mechanism.
On SBS.FullChargeCapacity( ) and/or QMAX update, the SBS.MaxError( ) is set to 1%.
On ResistanceFactor update,
1. If MaxError( ) <= 7% then MaxError = 2% + MaxError_Adder
2. Else MaxError( ) = 10% + MaxError_Adder
Where the Internal counter MaxError_Adder is Incremented by 0.1% every cycle.
RelativeStateOfCharge( ) (0x0d)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted remaining battery capacity expressed
as a percentage of SBS.FullChargeCapacity( ), in %, with a range of 0 to 100%.
AbsoluteStateOfCharge( )(0x0e)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted remaining battery capacity expressed
as a percentage of SBS.DesignCapacity( ), in %, with a range of 0 to 100%. If SBS.BatteryMode( ) CAPACITY
bit is set then the predicted remaing capacity is a percentage of SBS.RemainingCapacity( ) /
(SBS.DesignCapacity( ) x SBS.DesignVoltage( )).
Note that AbsoluteStateOfCharge( ) can return values greater than 100%.
RemainingCapacity( ) (0x0f)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted charge or energy remaining in the
battery. The SBS.RemainingCapacity( ) value is expressed in either charge or energy, depending on the setting
of the BatteryMode( ) CAPACITY_MODE bit.
BATTERY MODE()
CAPACITY_MODE CAPACITY_MODE
BIT = 0 BIT = 1
Units mAh 10 mWh
Range 0–65,535mAh 0–65,535 10 mWh
Granularity mAh 10 mWh
Accuracy –0, +MaxError() FullCharageCapacity()
FullChargeCapacity( ) (0x10)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted pack capacity when it is fully charged.
SBS.FullChargeCapacity( ) value is expressed in either current (mAh at a C/5 discharge rate) or power (10 mWh
at a P/5 discharge rate) depending on the setting of the BatteryMode( ) CAPACITY_MODE bit.
BATTERY MODE()
BIT = 0 BIT = 1
Units mAh 10 mWh
Range 0–65,535mAh 0–65,535 10 mWh
Granularity mAh 10 mWh
Accuracy -0, +MaxError() FullCharageCapacity()
RunTimeToEmpty( ) (0x11)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted remaining battery life at the present
rate of discharge, in minutes, with a range of 0 to 65,534 min. A value of 65,535 indicates battery is not being
discharged.
32
bq20z80
www.ti.com
SBS.RunTimeToEmpty( ) is calculated and updated based on current or power, depending on the setting of the
SBS.BatteryMode( ) CAPACITY_MODE bit.
AverageTimeToEmpty( ) (0x12)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of predicted remaining battery life, in minutes, based
upon SBS.AverageCurrent( ) with a range of 0 to 65534. A value of 65,535 indicates that the battery is not being
discharged.
AverageTimeToEmpty( ) is calculated based on current or power, depending on the setting of the BatteryMode( )
CAPACITY_MODE bit.
AverageTimeToFull( ) (0x13)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of predicted remaining time until the battery reaches
full charge, in minutes, based on SBS.AverageCurrent( ) with a range of 0 to 65,535. A value of 65,534 indicates
that the battery is not being charged.
ChargingCurrent( ) (0x14)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the desired charging rate, in mA, with a range of 0
to 65,535. A value of 65,535 indicates that a charger should operate as a voltage source outside its maximum
regulated current range.
See Section 12, Section 5, and Section 6 sections of this data sheet for further details.
ChargingVoltage( ) (0x15)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the desired charging voltage, in mV, where the
range is 0 to 65,534. A value of 65,535 indicates that the charger should operate as a current source outside its
maximum regulated voltage range.
Please review the charging and safety features of the bq20z80 for further information on this command..
BatteryStatus( ) (0x16)
This read-word function returns the status of the bq20z80-based battery.
Some of the BatteryStatus( ) flags (REMAINING_CAPACITY_ALARM and REMAINING_TIME_ALARM) are
calculated on the basis of either current or power depending on the setting of the SBS.BatteryMode( )
CAPACITY_MODE bit.
High Byte OCA TCA RSVD OTA TDA RSVD RCA RTA
Low Byte INIT DSB FC FD Error Codes
ALARM AND STATUS BITS ERROR CODES

OCA = Over_Charge_Alarm 0x7 Unknown Error
TCA = Terminate_Charge_Alarm 0x6 Bad Size
OTA = Over_Temperature_Alarm 0x5 Overflow/Underflow
TDA = Terminate_Discharge_Alarm 0x4 Access Denied
RCA = Remaining_Capacity_Alarm 0x3 Unsupported Command
RTA = Remaining_Time_Alarm 0x2 Reserved Command
INIT = Initialized 0x1 Busy
DSG = Discharging 0x0 OK
FC = Fully_Charged
FD = Fully_Discharged
33
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Alarm Bits
OVER_CHARGED_ALARM: See Overcharge in the Primary Protection section of this data sheet.
TERMINATE_CHARGE_ALARM: See 'Primary Charge Termination' in the 'Charging', 'Primary Protection
Features' and 'Secondary Protection Features' sections of this data sheet
OVER_TEMP_ALARM: See 'Over Temperature' functions in the 'Primary Protection Features' and 'Secondary
Protection Features' of this data sheet.
TERMINATE_DISCHARGE_ALARM: See the 'Primary Protection Features' and 'Secondary Protection Fea-
tures' sections of this data sheet.
REMAINING_CAPACITY_ALARM: See SBS.RemainingCapacityAlarm( ) section of the datasheet.
REMAINING_TIME_ALARM: See SBS.RemainigTimeAlarm( ) section of the datasheet.
Status Bits
INITIALIZED: Set when a valid load of data flash at full or partial reset has occurred. It is cleared when an
improper data flash load is detected.
DISCHARGING: Set when SBS.Current( ) > 0 and is reset when SBS.Current( ) = 0.
FULLY_CHARGED: See 'Primary Charge Termination' and 'Over Charge' functions in the 'Charging' and
'Primary Protection Features' and 'Secondary Protection Features' sections of this data sheet
respectively.
FULLY_DISCHARGED: Is set when (SBS.Voltage( ) = DF.Terminate Voltage AND SBS.Current( ) < DF.Over
Current in Discharge (OCD) threshold), OR when SBS.RelativeStateOfCharge( ) < FD_Set %.
This bit is cleared when SBS.RelativeStateOfCharge( ) is greater than or equal to FD_Clear%.
ERRORS CODES DESCRIPTION
OK The bq20z80 processed the function code with no errors detected.
Busy The bq20z80 is unable to process the function code at this time.
Reserved The bq20z80 detected an attempt to read or write to a function code reserved by this version of the specification.
The bq20z80 detected an attempt to access an unsupported optional manufacturer function code.
Unsupported The bq20z80 does not support this function code as defined in this version of the specification.
AccessDenied The bq20z80 detected an attempt to write to a read-only function code.
Over/Underflow The bq20z80 detected a data overflow or underflow.
BadSize The bq20z80 detected an attempt to write to a function code with an incorrect data block.
UnknownError The bq2084 detected an unidentifiable error.
CycleCount( )(0x17)
This read-word function returns, as an unsigned integer value, the number of cycles the battery has experienced,
with a range of 0 to 65,534. The default value of SBS.CycleCount( ) is stored in DF.Cycle Count (CCNT) which is
updated each time SBS.CycleCount( ) increments.
If DF.Operation Configuration CCT = 0, one cycle = accumulated discharge = DF.Cycle Count Threshold.
If DF.Operation Configuration CCT = 1, one cycle = accumulated discharge = DF.Cycle Count
%×SBS.FullChargeCapacity( ).
CCT Cycle Count Threshold Unsigned Int 0 to 65534 2 mAh 3800
CCnt Cycle Count Unsigned Int 0 to 65534 2 Counts 0
CC% Cycle Count Percentage Unsigned Int 0 to 100 1 % 90
34
bq20z80
www.ti.com
DesignCapacity( ) (0x18)
This read-word function returns, as an unsigned integer value, the theoretical or nominal capacity of a new pack,
stored in DF.Design Capacity or DF.Design Power.
The SBS.DesignCapacity( ) value is expressed in either current (mAh at a C/5 discharge rate) or power, (10
mWh at a P/5 discharge rate) depending on the setting of the BatteryMode( ) CAPACITY_MODE bit.
BATTERY MODE()
BIT = 0 BIT = 1
Units mAh 10 mWh
Range 0–65,535mAh 0–65,535 10 mWh
Granularity Not applicable Not applicable
Accuracy Not applicable Not applicable
Default Design Capacity Design Power
DesignVoltage( ) (0x19)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the theoretical voltage of a new pack, in mV, with a
range of 0 to 65,534. The default value of SBS.DesignVoltage( ) is in DF.Design Voltage.
SpecificationInfo( ) (0x1a)
This read-word function returns, as an unsigned integer value, the version number of the Smart Battery
Specification the battery pack supports, as well as voltage- and current-scaling information.
Power scaling is the product of the voltage scaling times the current scaling. The SBS.SpecificationInfo( ) is
packed in the following fashion:
SpecID_H 0x10 + SpecID_L) + (VScale + IPScale 0x10) 0x100
VScale (voltage scaling) and IPScale (current scaling) should always be set to zero. The default setting of
SBS.SpecificationInfo( ) is in DF.Specification Information.
FIELD BITS USED FORMAT ALLOWABLE VALUES
SpecID_L 0...3 4-bit binary value 0–15
SpecID_H 4...7 4-bit binary value 0–15
VScale 8...11 4-bit binary value 0 (multiplies voltage by 10^ VScale)
IPScale 12...15 4-bit binary value 0 (multiplies current by 10 ^ IPScale)
ManufactureDate( ) (0x1b)
This read-word function returns the date the pack was manufactured in a packed integer. The date is packed in
the following fashion:
(year-1980) × 512 + month × 32 + day
The default SBS.ManufactureDate( ) is in Data Flash Manufacture Date.
FIELD BITS USED FORMAT ALLOWABLE VALUES
Daty 0...4 5-bit binary value 0-31 (corresponds to date)
Month 5...8 4-bit binary value 1–12 (corresponds to month number)
Year 9...15 7-bit binary value 0–127 (corresponds to year biased by 1980)
SerialNumber( ) (0x1c)
This read-word function is used to return an unsigned integer serial number. The default value of
SBS.SerialNumber( ) is in DF.Serial Number.
ManufacturerName( ) (0x20)
This read-block function returns a character string containing the battery manufacturer's name with a maximum
length of 11 characters (11 Data + length byte).
35
bq20z80
www.ti.com
The default setting of SBS.ManufacturerName( ) is in DF.Manufacturer Name. When the bq20z80 is in Unsealed
or higher security mode, this block is R/W.
DeviceName( ) (0x21)
This read-block function returns a character string that contains the battery name with a maximum length of 7
characters (7 Data + length byte).
The default setting of SBS.DeviceName( ) is in DF.Device Name. When the bq20z80 is in Unsealed or higher
security mode, this block is R/W.
DeviceChemistry( ) (0x22)
This read-block function returns a character string that contains the battery chemistry with a maximum length of 4
characters (4 Data + length byte).
The default setting of SBS.DeviceChemistry( ) is in DF.Device Chemistry although it has no use for internal
charge control or fuel gauging. When the bq20z80 is in Unsealed or higher security mode, this block is R/W.
ManufacturerData( ) (0x23)
This read-block function returns several configuration data flash elements with a maximum length of 31 Data + 1
length byte (stored in Manufacturer Data Length) where the total bytes, including length byte, cannot exceed 32
bytes. When the bq20z80 is in Unsealed or higher security mode, this block is R/W.
The data available is:
MANUFACTURING DATA
Lot Code of Pack Data stored in DF as raw data 2-bytes
Lot Code of PCB Data stored in DF as raw data 2-bytes
Firmware Version Data stored in DF as raw data 1-byte
Hardware Revision Data stored in DF as raw data 1-byte
Cell Revision Data stored in DF as raw data 2-bytes
SYSTEM DATA
Reset Counter Partial Count 1-byte
Reset Counter Full Count 1-byte
Reset Counter Watch Dog Count 1-byte
Check Sum Number 1-byte
VCELL4( ) - VCELL1( ) (0x3c-0x3f)

These read-word functions return an unsigned value of the calculated individual cell voltages, in mV, with a range
of 0 to 65,534. SBS.VCELL1( ) corresponds to the bottom series element.
EXTENDED SBS COMMANDS

These commands are only available when the device is unsealed (DF.Operational Configuration, SS = 0). The
standard set of commands is also available when unsealed.
GetRAMDataBlock( ) (0x43)
This read-word function returns the contents of a 32-byte block of bq20z80 RAM specified by
SBS.SetRAMBlockNumber( ).
SetRAMBlockNumber( ) (0x44)
This write-word function sets the 32-byte block number for bq20z80 RAM to be read by
SBS.GetRAMDataBlock( ).
36
bq20z80
www.ti.com
AFEData( ) (0x45)
This read-block function returns the AFE memory map, beginning with AFE.0x00 as the MSB returned with a
maximum length of 9 data bytes + 1 length byte.
FETControl( ) (0x46)
This write/read-word function allows direct control of the FETs for test purposes using SMBus commands.
1. Bit 0, 5 & 6 = Reserved
2. Bit 1 = DSG, Discharge FET
3. Bit 2 = CHG, Charge FET
4. Bit 3 = ZVCHG, Zero-Volt Charge (Precharge) FET
5. Bit 4 = OD, General Purpose Open Drain output
6. Bit 7 = CNTL, Control bit for allowing FET override control by normal operation
When the bit is set, the FET is turned on. When the bit is cleared, the FET is turned off.
When CNTL = 1, all gas-gauge-based FET operations are overridden when an SBS.FETControl( ) command is
received. When CNTL = 0, if normal gas-gauge operation requires a FET to change state, it is allowed.
NOTE:
If an AFE condition requires a FET to turn off, the settings in this command are
ignored regardless of the state of CNTL.
SafetyAlert( ) (0x50)
This read-word function returns indications of pending safety issues, such as when safety timers have started, or
fail counters are non-zero but have not reached the required time or value to trigger an SBS.SafetyStatus( )
change. The bit arrangement follows that of SBS.SafetyStatus( ). See the SBS.SafetyStatus( ) and Primary
Protection Features sections of the data sheet for further details.
SafetyStatus( ) (0x51)
This read-word function returns the current status of the safety functions.
High Byte OTD OTC OCD OCC OCD2 OCC2 PUV POV
Low Byte CUV COV PF HWDG - AOCD SCC SCD
SCD 1 = Discharge short-circuit fault PUV 1 = Pack Undervoltage fault
SCC 1 = Charge short-circuit fault OCC2 1 = Tier-2 Charge Overcurrent fault
AOCD 1 = Discharge Overcurrent fault OCD2 1 = Tier-2 Discharge Overcurrent fault
HWDG 1 = Host Watchdog fault OCC 1 = Charge Overcurrent fault
PF 1 = Permanent Failure flag has been set OCD 1 = Discharge Overcurrent fault
COV 1 = Cell Overvoltage faultt OTC 1 = Charge Over Temperature fault
CUV 1 = Cell Undervoltage fault OTD 1 = Discharge Over Temperature fault
POV 1 = Pack Overvoltage fault
PFAlert( ) (0x52)
This read-word function returns indications of pending permanent failure issues, such as when safety timers have
started, or fail counters are non-zero, but have not reached the required time or value to trigger a DF.Permanent
Failure Status change. The bit arrangement follows that of SBS.PFStatus( ). See the SBS.PFStatus( ) and
Secondary Protection Features sections of the data sheet for further details.
37
bq20z80
www.ti.com
PFStatus( ) (0x53)
The permanent failure status register indicates the source of the bq20z80 permanent-failure condition. The bit
arrangement follows that of DF.PFStatus. See the DF.PFStatus and Secondary Protection Features sections of
the data sheet for further details.
When any NEW cause of PF is detected in SBS.PFStatus( ), the NEW cause is added to DF.PLFlag1. This
allows DF.PFlag1 to show ALL of the different PF conditions that have occurred. On the first occasion of
SBS.PFStatus( ) changing from 0x00 the value is stored to DF.PFFlag2.
OperationStatus( ) (0x54)
This read-word function returns the current status of the operation status of the bq20z80.
High Byte PRES FA SS - - Load Mode - -
Low Byte WAKE DSG XDSG XDSGI XDSGT XDSGV VOK QEN
QEN 1 = QMAX updates are enabled

VOK 1 = Voltages are OK for a QMAX update
XDSGV 1 = Discharge disabled due to a voltage issue
XDSGI 1 = Discharge disabled due to a current issue
XDSGT 1 = Discharge disabled due to a temperature issue
XDSG 1 = Discharge fault
DSG Replica of the SBS.BatteryStatus( ) DISCHARGING bit.
WAKE 1 = bq20z80 WAKE mode
LoadMode Load mode for ImpedanceTrack modeling. 0 = constant current, 1 = constant power
CSV 1 = Data Flash checksum value has been generated
SS 1 = Sealed mode
FA 1 = Full access security mode
PRES 1 = PRES is low, indicating that the system is present (battery inserted).
ChargingStatus( ) (0x55)
This read-word function returns the current status of the charging functions.
ChargingStatus( ) bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bi1 bit0
High Byte XCHG CHGSUSP PCHG MCHG TCHG2 TCHG1 FCHG PULSE
Low Byte PULSEOFF CB PCMTO FCMTO OCHGV OCHGI OC XCHGLV
PCMTO 1 = Pre-charge timeout fault

FCMTO 1 = Fast-charge timeout fault
XCHGLV 1 = Battery is depleted
OC 1 = Overcharge fault
OCHGI 1 = Overcharge current fault
OCHGV 1 = Overcharge voltage fault
CB 1 = Cell balancing in progress
MCHG 1 = Maintenance-charging in progress
TCHG 1 = Temperature-based throttling of SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) in progress
38
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Pulse 1 = Pulse charging in progress

CHGSUSP 1 = Charging suspended
FCHG 1 = Fast charging in progress
PCHG 1 = Pre-charging in progress
XCHG 1 = Charging disabled
ResetData( ) (0x57)
This read-word function returns the data stored in DF.Reset Counter - Partial in the low byte and DF.Reset
Counter - Full in the high byte.
ResetData( ) (0x58)
This read-word function returns the data stored in DF.Reset Counter - Watchdog in the low byte.
FlashWriteData( ) (0x59)
This read-word function returns the number of data flash writes than have occured in the lifetime of the device.
PackVoltage( ) (0x5a)
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer representing the measured voltage from the AFE Pack pin,
in mV, with a range of 0 to 65,534.
UnSealKey( ) (0x60)
This read/write block (2-words) command allows to the user to change the Unseal key for the
Sealed-to-Unsealed security-state transition. This function is only available when the bq20z80 is in the
Full-Access Mode.
FullAccessKey( ) (0x61)
This read/write block (2-words) command allows the user to change the Full-Access security key for the
Unsealed-to-Full-Access security-state transition. This function is only available when the bq20z80 is in the
Full-Access Mode.
PFKey( ) (0x62)
This read/write block (2-words) command allows to the user to change the Permanent-Failure-Clear key. This
function is only available when the bq20z80 is in the Full Access Mode.
ManufacturerInfo( ) (0x70)
This read-block function returns the data stored in DF.Manufacturer Info 1…8, where Manufacturer Info 1 is the
MSB with a maximum length of 8 data + 1 length byte. When the bq20z80 is in Unsealed or higher security
mode, this block is R/W.
DataFlashClass( ) (0x77)
This write word command sets the bq20z80 data flash Class that is to be accessed by the
SBS.DataFlashSubClass( ) commands that follow. These commands only allow access to the data flash
locations that are not reserved (or private) within the respective labeled class. See 'Data Flash Access' for further
details.
A NACK is returned to the SBS.DataFlashClass( ) command if the value of the class is outside of the allowed
range. The classes are defined in the 'Data Flash' section of this data sheet.
DataFlashSubClass( ) Commands
These commands are used to access the consecutive 32-byte subclasses of each class.
39
bq20z80
www.ti.com
NOTE:
Any DF location deemed Reserved or Private responds with a NACK unless the
bq20z80 is in the correct security state to allow access.
DataFlashClassSubClass1( ) (0x78)
DataFlashClassSubClass5( ) (0x7c)
DataFlashClassSubClass2( ) (0x79)
DataFlashClassSubClass6( ) (0x7d)
DataFlashClassSubClass3( ) (0x7a)
DataFlashClassSubClass7( ) (0x7e)
DataFlashClassSubClass4( ) (0x7b)
DataFlashClassSubClass8( ) (0x7f)
DATA FLASH
Data Flash can only be updated if SBS.Voltage( ) = DF.Valid Update Voltage. In this case, the flash update is
cancelled. Data flash reads and writes are verified according to the method detailed in the 'Primary Protection
Features' section of this data sheet.
Access
In different security modes, the data flash access conditions change, based on the Public or Private (reserved)
status of that location. See SBS.ManufacturerAccess( ) for further details.
SECURITY MODE DF – PUBLIC ACCESS DF – PRIVATE ACCESS
BootROM N/A N/A
Full Access R/W R/W
Unsealed R/W R
Sealed R N/A
Operation Configuration A (OPCFGA)

OPERATION
bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bi1 bit0
CONFIGURATION
High Byte LEDR LEDRCA CHGLED DMODE LED1 LED0 CC1 CC0
Low Byte MAC2 MAC1 SLEEP TEMP1 TEMP0 - ZVCHG1 ZVCHG0
The Operation Configuration bits enable, disable and configure various features of the bq20z80.
ZVCHG0, ZVCHG1 These bits enable or disable the use of ZVCHG or CHG FET for Zero-Volt/Pre-charge
modes.
ZVCHG1 ZVCHG0 FET USED
0 0 ZVCHG
0 1 CHG
1 0 OD
1 1 No Action
TEMP0, TEMP1 These bits select the measurement source used for SBS.Temperature( ).
TEMP1 TEMP0 TEMPERATURE() SOURCE
SLEEP Enables the bq20z80 to enter Sleep mode.
0= bq20z80 enters Sleep Mode under normal Sleep entry requirements

1= bq20z80 never enters Sleep
40
bq20z80
www.ti.com
CC0, CC1
These bits configure the bq20z80 for the number of series cells in the battery stack.
MAC1, MAC2 These bits configure the SBS.ManufacturerAccess( ) function for multiple data options, but only
00 options exist today and should not be changed. Other combinations are reserved for future use.
CC1 CC0 # OF SERIES CELLS
0 0 Reserved
0 1 2
1 0 3
1 1 4
LED0, LED1
These bits configure the number of LEDs used in the LED Display.
LED1 LED0 # OF LED'S USED
0 0 0
0 1 3
1 0 4
1 1 5
DMODE This bit sets the display as Relative or Absolute mode
0 = Display reflects SBS.RelativeStateOfCharge( )

1 = Display reflects SBSAbsoluteStateOfCharge( )
CHGLED Enables display while charging
0 = Display not activated by charging, requires push-button event or SMBus command

1 = Display active during charging
LEDR Enables activation of the LED display on device-reset exit.
0 = LED display is not activated on exit from device reset

1 = LED display is activated (simulates a DISP transition) on exit from device reset
Operation Configuration B (OPCFGB)

OPERATION
bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bi1 bit0
CONFIGURATION
High Byte – – RESCAP – – – CHGTERM CCT
Low Byte CHGSUSP DSGOT CHGFET CHGIN NR CPE HPE BCAST
BCAST This bit enables or disables SBS broadcasts to smart charger and host.
0 = Broadcast to host and charger enabled

1 = Broadcast to host and charger disabled
HPE This bit enables or disables PEC transmissions to the smart-battery host for master-mode alarm
messages.
0 = No PEC byte on alarm warning to host

1 = PEC byte on alarm warning to host
41
bq20z80
www.ti.com
CPE This bit enables or disables PEC transmissions to the smart-battery charger for master-mode alarm
messages.
0 = No PEC byte on alarm warning to charger

1 = PEC byte on alarm warning to charger
NR This bit can set the bq20z80 in non-removable battery mode.
0 = Removable battery mode

1 = Non-removable battery mode
CHGIN This bit can set enable the CHG FET (and ZVCHG FET if used) to turn off when the bq20z80 is in
charge-inhibit mode.
0 = No FET change in charge-inhibit mode

1 = Charge and ZVCHG, if used, turn off in charge-inhibit mode
CHGFET This bit enables or disables the CHG FET from reacting to a valid charge termination.
0 = CHG FET stays on at charge termination

1 = CHG FET turns off at charge termination
OTFET This bit enables or disables FET actions from reacting to an Over Temperature Fault.
0 = There is NO opposite FET action when an Over Temperature condition is detected

1 = There is opposite FET action when an Over Temperature condition is detected
CHGSUSP This bit can enable the CHG FET (and ZVCHG FET if used) to turn off when the bq20z80 is in
Charge Suspend mode.
0 = No FET change in Charge Suspend mode

1 = Charge and ZVCHG, if used, turns off in Charge Suspend mode
CCT This bit sets the format of the Cycle Count Threshold.
0 = DF.CycleCount is in % of SBS.FullChargeCapacity( )
1 = DF.CycleCount is a fixed mAh value
CHGTERM This bit enables or disables TCA and FC to be cleared after charger termination confirmed.
0 = SBS.BatteryStatus( ) TCA and FC bits are not cleared by charge termination confirmation, but
are cleared by other means.
1 = SBS.BatteryStatus( ) TCA and FC bits are cleared by charge termination confirmation, or by
other means.
RESCAP This bit configures the compensation model for the DF.ReserveCapacity
0 = Light Load (C/20) Compensation

1 = SBS.AverageLoad( ) Compensation
42
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Non-Removable Configuration (NRConfig)

NON-REMOVABLE bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bi1 bit0
CONFIGURATION
High Byte – – OCD OCC OCD2 OCC2 – –
Low Byte – – OC – – AOCD SCC SCD
The NR_Config bits enable the current and charge protection recovery features to be treated differently based on
the DF.Operation Configuration, NR bit. The individual features indicate the recovery options available.
SCD Short Circuit, Discharge can be configured to have additional recovery mechanisms depending on
DF.Operation Configuration, NR.
SCC Short Circuit, Charge can be configured to have additional recovery mechanisms depending on
AOCD AFE Overcurrent, Discharge can be configured to have additional recovery mechanisms depending
on DF.Operation Configuration, NR.
OC Overcharge can be configured to have additional recovery mechanisms depending on
OCC2 Tier-2 Overcurrent, Charge can be configured to have additional recovery mechanisms depending
on DF.Operation Configuration.
OCD2 Tier-2 Overcurrent, Discharge can be configured to have additional recovery mechanisms
depending on DF.Operation Configuration, NR.
OCC Overcurrent, Charge can be configured to have additional recovery mechanisms depending on
OCD Overcurrent, Discharge can be configured to have additional recovery mechanisms depending on
DF.Operation Configuration.
43
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Permanent Failure Status (PFSTATUS)

The permanent failure status register indicates that reason the bq20z80 has entered permanent failure.
PERMANENT FAILURE STATUS bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bi1 bit0
High Byte FBF – – – SOCD SOCC AFE_P AFE_C
Low Byte DFF DFETF CFETF CIM SOTD SOTC SOV PFIN
PFIN Set on External Input Indication of permanent failure
SOV Set on a Safety-Overvoltage permanent failure
SOTC Set on a Charge Safety Over-Temperature permanent failure
SOTD Set on a Discharge Safety Over-Temperature permanent failure
CIM Set on a Cell-Imbalance permanent failure
CFETF Set on a Charge-FET-Failure permanent failure
DFETF Set on a Discharge-FET-Failure permanent failure
DFF Set on a Data-Flash Verification permanent failure
AFE_C Set on an AFE-Communications permanent failure
AFE_P Set on a Periodic-AFE-Communications permanent failure
SOCC Set on a Charge Safety-Overcurrent permanent failure
SOCD Set on a Discharge Safety Overcurrent in permanent failure
FBF Set when the fuse has not cut off current, even though the output has been driven low
Permanent Failure Configuration (PFCFG)

The Permanent Failure Configuration register enables or disables the use of the pin when the corresponding
DF.Permanent Failure Status flag is set.
PERMANENT FAILURE bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bi1 bit0
CONFIGURATION
High Byte – – – – XSOCD XSOCC XAFE_P XAFE_C
Low Byte XDFF XDFETF XCFETF XCIM XSOTD XSOTC XSOV XPFIN
If corresponding DF.PF_Status AND DF.PermanentFailureConfiguration bits are set (1), the output is driven and
latched low. This does not include the FBF bit of DF.PermanentFailure Status.
Lifetime Data
Lifetime Maximum Temperature: This data flash value is updated if the current SBS.Temperature( ) is > the
current Lifetime Maximum Temperature value for a time greater than Lifetime Update Time (LTUT),
OR an increment greater than Lifetime Temperature Delta (LTTD).
Lifetime Minimum Temperature: This data flash value is updated if the current SBS.Temperature( ) is < the
current Lifetime Minimum Temperature value for a time greater than LTUT, OR an increment
greater than Lifetime Temperature Delta (LTTD).
Lifetime Average Temperature: If SBS.Temperature( )NEW + LTTD = SBS.Temperature( )OLD =
SBS.Temperature( )NEW - LTTD. Then, the Lifetime Average Temperature is updated. The
average is calculated as a simple average of all the valid temperature readings.
Lifetime Maximum Discharge Current: This data flash value is updated if the current SBS.AverageCurrent ( )
is greater than the current Lifetime Maximum Discharge Current value, and SBS.AverageCurrent( )
is negative (discharge) for a time greater than LTUT, OR an increment greater than Lifetime
Current Delta (LTCD).
Lifetime Maximum Charge Current: This data flash value is updated if the current SBS.AverageCurrent( ) is
greater than the current Lifetime Maximum Charge Current value, and SBS.AverageCurrent( ) is
positive (charge) for a time greater than LTUT, OR an increment greater than LTCD.
44
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Lifetime Maximum Battery Voltage: This data flash value is updated if the current SBS.Voltage( ) is greater
than the current Lifetime Maximum Battery Voltage value for a time greater than LTUT, OR an
increment greater than Lifetime Battery Voltage Delta (LTBVD).
Lifetime Minimum Battery Voltage: This data flash value is updated if the current SBS.Voltage( ) is less than
the current Lifetime Minimum Battery Voltage value for a time greater than LTUT, OR an increment
greater than LTBVD.
Lifetime Maximum Cell Voltage: This data flash value is updated if any SBS.VCELLx( ) is greater than the
current Lifetime Maximum Cell Voltage value for a time greater than LTUT, OR an increment
greater than Lifetime Cell Voltage Delta (LTCVD).
Lifetime Minimum Cell Voltage: This data flash value is updated if the current SBS.VCELLx( ) is less than the
current Lifetime Minimum Cell Voltage value for a time greater than LTUT, OR an increment greater
than LTCVD.
Lifetime Maximum Power: This data flash value is updated when DF.SBSAveragePower( ) is greater than the
current Lifetime Maximum Power value for a time greater than LTUT, OR an increment greater than
Lifetime Max Power Delta (LTMPD).
When the Life Time Update Time expires then ALL Life Time data is updated to data flash.
(BYTES) VALUE
LTMaxT Lifetime Maximum Temperature Unsigned Int 0 to 1400
LTMinT Lifetime Minimum Temperature -600 to 1400 0.1°C
Signed Int
LTAveT Lifetime Average Temperature -600 to 1400
LTMaxDSG Lifetime Maximum Discharge Current 0 to 65345
mA
LTMaxCHG Lifetime Maximum Charge Current 0 to 65345
2 0
LTMaxV Lifetime Maximum Pack Voltage 0 to 65345
LTMinV Lifetime Minimum Pack Voltage 0 to 65345
mV
LTMaxCV Lifetime Maximum Cell Voltage 0 to 65345
LTMinCV Lifetime Minimum Cell Voltage 0 to 65345
LTMP Lifetime Maximum Power Unsigned Int 0 to 65345 10mWh
LTUT Lifetime Update Time 0 to 60 1 s 10
LTTD Lifetime Temperature Delta 0 to 200 1 0.1°C 50
LTCD Lifetime Current Delta 0 to 200 1 mA 50
LTBVD Lifetime Battery Voltage Delta 0 to 2000 2 mv 200
LTCVD Lifetime Cell Voltage Delta 0 to 200 1 mV 50
LTMPD Lifetime Maximum Power Delta 0 to 256 1 10mWh 200
45
bq20z80
www.ti.com
CHARGE CONTROL
Figure 5 shows the charge algorithm by mode.
Charger Detected
NO
Set State to Charge Inhibit Is T( ) valid to
CC( ) = 0, XCHG = 1 begin charge?
YES NO YES
Is T( ) outside Set State to charge Suspend
of Suspend CC( ) = 0, CHGSUSP = 1
range?
NO Is T( ) valid
Set State to Pre−Charge
CC( ) = PC, PCHG =1
to begin Fast
Charge?
YES
NO Is V( ) valid
to begin Fast
Charge?
YES
Set State to Fast Charge

CC( ) = FC, FCHG = 1
Is T( ) outside YES
NO of Suspend
range?
YES Is T( ) in NO
Set CC( ) = (FC−PC) / 2 Throttle Middle
FCHG = TCHG = 1 Range? Notes:
1) If ANY safety function activation is
detected then charging mode is exited
NO regardless of state.
Set CC( ) = PC
YES Is T( ) in 2) If ANY power mode activation is
Throttle High
FCHG = TCHG = 1
Range?
regardless of state.
YES 3) If DF.OperationConfiguration, NR =
0 AND /PRES is detected high then
Is V( ) valid
charging mode is exited regardless of
NO
to continue state
Fast Charge?
4) If a charging source is no longer

YES
regardless of state.
NO Is T( ) valid
to continue
Fast Charge?
NO Has
Termiantion
Criteria been
met?
YES
Charge
Termination
Figure 5. bq20z80 Charge Modes
46
bq20z80
www.ti.com
CC-CV Charging
SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) (0x14) Read only, 16-bit unsigned integer word, units in mA. Reports the appropriate
charging current per the charging algorithm in this section. The default value is set in DF.Fast
Charge Current (FCHGI), and altered per the algorithm or safety conditions.
SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) (0x15) Read only, 16-bit unsigned integer word, units in mV. Reports the appropriate
charging voltage per the charging algorithm in this section. The default value is set in DF.Fast
Charge Voltage (FCHGV), and altered per the algorithm or safety condition.
(BYTES) VALUE
FCHGI Fast Charge Current Integer 0 to 10000 2 mA 3000
FCHGV Fast Charge Voltage Integer 0 to 20000 2 mV 16800
Charge Inhibit Mode

The bq20z80 sets the SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) values to 0 to inhibit charging when
DF.Charge Inhibit Temperature Low (XCHGTL) is greater than SBS.Temperature( ), which is greater than
DF.Charge Inhibit Temperature High (XCHGTH). When charging is inhibited, XCHG in SBS.ChargingStatus( ) is
set.
If CHGIN in DF.OperationConfiguration is set the CHG FET and ZVCHG FET (if used) are turned off when the
bq20z80 is in charge-inhibit mode.
The bq20z80 allows charging to resume when DF.Charge Inhibit Temperature Low (XCHGTL) + Temperature
Hysteresis (THYS) is less than or equal to SBS.Temperature( ), which is less than or equal to Charge Inhibit
Temperature High (XCHGTH) –THYS. The FETs also return to their previous states at this time.
XCHG in SBS.ChargingStatus( ) will be cleared when these conditions are met or when a fault condition is
detected or when the battery is removed if DF.OperationConfiguration, NR, is cleared.
(BYTES) VALUE
XCHGTL Charge Inhibit Temperature Low -400 to 1200 2 0
XCHGTH Charge Inhibit Temperature High Integer -400 to 1200 2 0.1°C 450
THYS Temperature Hysteresis 0 to 100 1 30
Pre-Charge Mode
The bq20z80 sets SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) to DF.Pre-Charge Current (PCHGI) when DF.Charge Inhibit
Temperature is less than SBS.Temperature( ), which is less than or equal to DF.Pre-Charge Temperature
(PCHGT), OR if SBS.VCELL(ANY)( ) is less than DF.Pre-Charge Voltage (PCHGV). Depending on the setting of
DF.OperationConfigurationZVCHG0, ZVCHG1, FET action may be taken.
ZVCHG1 ZVCHG0 FET USED
0 0 ZVCHG
0 1 CHG
1 0 OD Pin
1 1 No Action
During precharge, PCHG in SBS.Charging Status( ) is set, and is cleared when SBS.Temperature( ) is greater
than or equal to DF.Pre-Charge Temperature (PCHGT) + THYS, AND SBS.VCELL(ALL)( ) is greater than or
equal to DF.Pre-Charge Voltage Recovery (PCHGVR), OR Charge Suspend is entered, a fault condition
detected, or the battery removed if DF.OperationConfiguration, NR, is cleared.
(BYTES) VALUE
PCHGT Pre-Charge Temperature -400 to 1200 0.1°C 120
PCHGV Pre-Charge Voltage 0 to 20000 mV 13000
Integer 2
PCHGVR Pre-Charge Voltage Recovery 0 to 20000 mV 14000
PCHGI Pre-Charge Current 0 to 2000 mA 250
47
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Fast Charge
The bq20z80 sets SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) to DF.Fast Charge Current (FCHGI) when if DF.Pre-Charge
Temperature + THYS is less than SBS.Temperature( ), which is less than or equal to DF.Over Temperature in
Charge, AND if DF.Pre-Charge Voltage is less than or equal to SBS.Voltage( ), which is less than
SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) + DF.Over Charging Voltage (OCHG). See Over Charging Voltage section for further
details. During fast charge, FCHG in SBS.ChargingStatus( ) is set, and the CHG FET is turned on if no protection
conditions are detected.
Fast Charge Temperature Throttling

The bq20z80 alters SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and sets the TCHGx bits in SBS.ChargingStatus( ) during fast
charge in response to changing temperature conditions. If DF.Charge Suspend Temperature High (CHGSUSPH)
is greater than SBS.Temperature( ), which is greater than or equal to CHGSUSPH - Delta Temperature (dT),
SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to DF.Pre-Charge Currentand SBS.ChargingStatus( ) TCHG1 .
If CHGSUSPH - dT is greater than SBS.Temperature( ) which is greater than or equal to CHGSUSPH– 2 ×dT,
SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to (DF.Fast Charge Current–DF.Pre-Charge Current) ÷ 2 and
SBS.ChargingStatus( ) TCHG2 is set.
If CHGSUSPH - 2 ×dT is greater than SBS.Temperature( ) which is greater than or equal to DF.Pre-Charge
Temperature, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to DF.Fast Charge Current, and SBS.ChargingStatus( ) TCHG is
cleared.
SBS.ChargingStatus( ) TCHGx are also cleared when another charging mode is entered, a protection condition
is detected, or the battery is removed while the DFOperationConfiguration, NR bit is set.
However, if DF.dT is set to 0, no throttling change in SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) from DF.Fast Charge
Currentoccurs.
(BYTES) VALUE
OCHG Over Charging Voltage 0 to 2000 mV 500
dT Delta Temperature Integer 0 to 500 2 0.1°C 50
CHGSUSH Charge Suspend Temperature High –400 to 1200 0.1°C 550
Charge Suspend Mode

The bq20z80 suspends charging when SBS.AverageCurrent( ) is greater than the DF.Charge Current Detection
(ICHG) threshold {Charging has begun}, AND DF.Charge Suspend Temperature Low (CHGSUSPL) is greater
than SBS.Temperature( ) which is greater than DF.Charge Suspend Temperature High (CHGSUSPH).
If CHGSUSP in DF.OperationConfiguration is set, the CHG FET and ZVCHG FET (if used), are turned off when
the bq20z80 is in charge-suspend mode.
When charging is suspended, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to 0, and the CHGSUSP bit in
SBS.ChargingStatus( ) is set.
To return to normal charging, SBS.Temperature( ) must be greater than or equal to DF.Charge Inhibit
Temperature Low (XCHGTL) + Temperature Hysteresis (THYS), AND greater then or equal to DF.Charge Inhibit
Temperature High (XCHGTH) –THYS. The bq20z80 clears the CHGSUSP bit of SBS.ChargingStatus( ) when
this condition is met, and sets SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) according to the appropriate charging mode entered. The
FETs are also returned to their previous state at this time.
The CHGSUSP bit of SBS.ChargingStatus( ) is also cleared when a protection condition is detected, or when the
battery is removed while DF.OperationConfiguration, NR, is cleared.
(BYTES) VALUE
CHGSUSPL Charge Suspend Temperature Low –400 to 1200 –50
Integer 2 0.1°C
CHGSUSH Charge Suspend Temperature High –400 to 1200 550
48
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Pulse Charging
Pulse charging is part of the fast-charging mode and is a loop. During the loop, the measured cell voltages are
calculated every 250ms. This data is not reported via the SBS.VCELLx( ) commands.
The pulse-charging loop is entered when the maximum cell voltage is greater than or equal to DF.Max Charge
Voltage (VMAX), OR maximum cell voltage is greater than or equal to DF.Charge ON Voltage (VON) for
DF.Maximum ON Pulse (tON). When these conditions are met, the CHG FET is turned off, and the
SBS.ChargingStatus( )PULSE and PULSE_OFF bits are set.
If the maximum cell voltage is less than DF.Charge OFF Voltage (VOFF), AND the CHG FET is off for
DF.Minimum OFF Pulse (tOFF), the CHG FET is turned on and the SBS.ChargingStatus( )PULSE_OFF bit
cleared.
bq208xx Normal Charging Mode

(CHG FET = ON)
Turn CHG FET on, reset
tTERM timer, and start t MAX
timer
No
Yes Turn CHG FET off, reset

Has t MAX
tCHG_ON and tMAX timers, Is V
CELLMAX
<V
CHG_ON
expired?
start tCHG_OFF and tTERM timers
Yes
No Yes
No
No
Yes Has tCHG _ON expired? Ye
Is V CELLMAX
No s Reset Has tTERM expired or
>V ?
MAX Has tCHG_OFF expired? tCHG_OFF ITERM been reached
timer
No Yes
Yes
No No
Is V > Yes Has the t CHG _ON timer Start Set Terminate charge
CELLMAX
VCHG_OFF been started? tCHG_ON timer alarm
Figure 6. Pulse Charging
The pulse-charging loop is exited and SBS.ChargingStatus( ), PULSE, is cleared if another charging mode is
entered, a protection condition detected, or the battery is removed when DF.OperationConfiguration, NR, is
cleared.
(BYTES) VALUE
VON Cell CHG FET Turn ON Voltage 0 to 5000 4200
2 mV
VOFF Cell CHG FET Turn OFF Voltage 0 to 5000 4200
tON Maximum ON Pulse Time Integer 0 to 240 480
1 s/8
tOFF Minimum OFF Pulse Time 0 to 240 0
VMAX Maximum Cell ON Pulse Voltage 0 to 5000 2 mV 4270
Primary Charge Termination

The bq20z80 sets Fully_Charged and Terminate_Charge in SBS.BatteryStatus( ) when SBS.Current( ) is less
than DF.Charging Taper Current (CHGTI), AND SBS.Voltage( ) is greater than SBS.ChargingVoltage(
)–DF.Charge Termination Voltage (CHGTV) threshold for 2 consecutive periods of DF.Current Taper Window
(CTW). If DF.OperationConfiguration,CHGFET, bit is set, the CHG is also turned off.
When charge termination is detected, SBS.ChargingStatus( ) is cleared, and SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to
DF.Maintenance Charge Current (MCHGI).
SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Fully_Charged is cleared and SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to the appropriate value for
battery conditions when SBS.RelativeStateOfCharge( ) is less than DF.Fully Charged Clear %.
49
bq20z80
www.ti.com
SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Charge_Alarm is also cleared, and SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to the

appropriate value for battery conditions when DF.OperationConfiguration, CHGTERM is set, AND SBS.Current( )
is less than DF.Charge Detection Threshold (ICHG) for a period of 2 consecutive periods of Current Taper
Window (CTW).
(BYTES) VALUE
MCHGI Maintenance Charge Current 0 to 255 1 0
mA
CHGTI Charge Termination Taper Current 0 to 1000 2 250
CHGTV Charge Termination Voltage Integer 0 to 1000 2 mV 300
FCT Fast Charge Termination % 0 to 100 1 % 100
CTW Current Taper Window 0 to 60 1 s 40
Charge Control SMBus Broadcasts

All broadcasts are enabled by setting the BCAST bit in DF.Operation Configuration. If DF.Operation
ConfigurationHPE is set, the Master-Mode broadcasts to the Host address have PEC enabled, and if Operation
Configuration CPE is set, the Master-Mode broadcasts to the Smart-Charger address have PEC enabled.
If enabled, SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) and SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is broadcast to the Smart-Charger Address
every 10 seconds.
If enabled, SBS.AlarmWarning( ) is broadcast to the Host Address every 10 seconds, only while any of the
SBS.BatteryStatus( ), bits 8 -15, are set. Broadcasting stops when SBS.BatteryStatus( ), 8-15, are clear.
If enabled SBS.AlarmWarning( ) is broadcast to the Smart Charge Address every 10s only when any of
SBS.BatteryStatus( ), bits 12 -15. Broadcasting stops when SBS.BatteryStatus( ), 12-15, are clear.
Charging Faults
Battery Depleted
The bq20z80 sets the XCHGLV bit in SBS.ChargingStatus( ) when the charger is present AND SBS.Voltage( ) is
less than or equal to DF.Terminate Voltage (TV).
When this fault is detected, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to 0, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Termin-
ate_Discharge_Alarm is set, DSG and CHG FETs are turned off, and the ZVCHG FET is turned off, if the
ZVCHG0,1 bits in DF.Operation Configuration are set appropriately.
To recover from this mode, SBS.Current( ) must be greater than or equal to DF.Charge Detection Current, OR
SBS.Voltage( ) becomes greater than DF.Terminate Voltage. When the bq20z80 recovers from a Battery
Depleted state, the DSG, CHG and ZVCHG FET's are returned to the previous state in accordance with the
charging algorithm and the DF.OperationConfigurationZVCHG0,1 bits, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Termin-
ate_Charge_Alarm is reset, and the XCHGLV bit in SBS.ChargingStatus( ) is reset.
(BYTES) VALUE
TV Terminate Voltage Integer 0 to 20000 2 mV 8000
Overcharging Voltage
The bq20z80 sets the OCHGV bit in SBS.ChargingStatus( ) when SBS.Voltage( ) is greater than or equal to
SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) + DF.Over Charging Voltage (OCHGV) for a time greater than or equal to DF.Pack
Overvoltage Time (POVT). If OCHGV = 0, this feature is completely disabled.
When OCHGV is set, the CHG FET is turned off and the ZVCHG FET is turned off if the ZVCHG0,1 bits in
DF.Operation Configuration are set appropriately. Also, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to 0,
SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) is set to 0, and SBS.BatteryStatus( )Terminate_Charge_Alarm is set.
To recover from this mode, SBS.Current( ) must be greater than or equal to DF.Dicharge Detection Current.
When the bq20z80 recovers from an Over Charging Voltage state, the CHG and ZVCHG FET's are returned to
the previous state in accordance with the charging algorithm, and SBS.BatteryStatus( )Terminate_Charge_Alarm
is reset. The OCHGV flag, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ), SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) are not reset via this recovery.
50
bq20z80
www.ti.com
If SBS.Voltage( ) is less than or equal to SBS.ChargingVoltage( ), SBS.ChargingCurrent( ),

SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) and the CHG and ZVCHG FET's are returned to the previous state in accordance with
the charging algorithm, and the DF.OperationConfiguration, ZVCHG0,1 bits and SBS.BatteryStatus(
)Terminate_Charge_Alarm are reset.
(BYTES) VALUE
OCHGV Over Charging Voltage Threshold Integer 0 to 3000 2 mV 500
Overcharging Current
The bq20z80 sets the OCHGI bit in SBS.ChargingStatus( ) is set when SBS.Current( ) is greater than or equal to
SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) + DF.Over Charging Current (OCHGI) threshold for DF.Over Current in Charge time
(tOCC). If OCHGI = 0 then feature is completely disabled.
When OCHGI is set then the CHG will to be turned OFF and ZVCHG FET is turned OFF if the ZVCHG0,1 bits in
DF.Operation Configuration are set appropriately. Also, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to 0,
SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) is set to 0, and SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Charge_Alarm is set.
To recover from this mode then SBS.AverageCurrent( ) must be less than or equal to DF.OverCurrent in Charge
Recovery. When the bq20z80 recovers from an Over Charging Current state then SBS.ChargingCurrent( ),
SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) and the CHG and ZVCHG FET's are returned to previous state in accordance with the
charging algorithm and the DF.OperationConfiguration ZVCHG0,1 bits. SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Termin-
ate_Charge_Alarm and SBS.ChargingStatus( ) OCHGI are cleared.
(BYTES) VALUE
OCHGI Over Charging Current Threshold Integer 0 to 2000 2 mA 500
Overcharge
The bq20z80 sets the OC bit in SBS.ChargingStatus( ) when the amount of capacity added after the point where
SBS.RemainingCapacity( ) is equal to or greater than SBS.FullChargeCapacity( ) + DF.Maximum Over Charge
(OCHG). If OCHG is set to 0, this feature is completely disabled.
When OC is set, the CHG FET and ZVCHG FET are turned off if the ZVCHG0,1 bits in DF.Operation
Configuration are set appropriately. Also, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to 0, SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) is set to 0,
and SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Charge_Alarm, Fully_Charged and Over_Charged_Alarm are set.
If DF.Operation Configuration CHGFET is set, the CHG FET is not turned off.
There are 3 recovery methods from this fault state:
1. If DF.NR_Config, OC = 1 AND DF.Operational Configuration, NR bit = 0, AND a transition of bit0 input from
low to high to low (pack removal and re-insertion) occurs, the bq20z80 recovers from this fault mode.
2. If DF.Operational Configuration, NR bit = 1 AND SBS.Current( ) is less than or equal to 0mA, AND there has
been DF.Maximum Over Charger Recovery (OCHGR) amount of continuous discharge, the bq20z80
recovers from this fault mode.
3. If SBS.RemainingStateOfCharge%( ) becomes less than or equal to DF.FC_Clear%, the bq20z80 recovers
from this fault mode.
On recovery, the CHG and ZVCHG FETs are returned to the previous state in accordance with the charging
algorithm, and the DF.OperationConfiguration, ZVCHG0,1 bits are returned to the previous state.
SBS.BatteryStatus( )Terminate_Charge_Alarm, Fully_Charged and Over_Charged_Alarm, and
SBS.ChargingStatus( ) OC are cleared.
(BYTES) VALUE
OCHG Maximum Overcharge Threshold 0 to 4000 2 300
mAh
OCHGR Maximum Overcharge Recovery Integer 2
0 to 100 1
FC_CLR Full Charge Flag Clear % % 95
51
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Fast Charge Mode Charging Timeout

When SBS.Current( ) is greater than or equal to DF.Fast Charge detection (FCCHG), the bq20z80 starts the Fast
Charge timer.
The Fast Charge Timer is suspended when Pulse Charging is active (SBS.ChargingStatus( )PC = 1), or
Temperature-based Charge Current Throttling is active (SBS.ChargingStatus( )TCHG = 1), or when the FCMTO
expires.
The Fast Charge Timer is reset when DF.Over Charge Recovery (OCR) amount of discharge is detected, OR if
DF.OperationConfiguration, NR = 1, AND CCT transitions from low to high to low.
The bq20z80 sets FCMTO bit is SBS.ChargingStatus( ) if the Fast Charge Timer becomes equal to exceeds the
DF.Fast Charge Mode Charger Timeout (FCMTO) then the CHG FET is turned off, and the ZVCHG FET is
turned OFF if the ZVCHG0,1 bits in DF.Operation Configuration are set appropriately. Also,
SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to 0, SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) is set to 0, and SBS.BatteryStatus(
)Terminate_Charge_Alarm is set. If FCMTO is programmed to 0, this feature is completely disabled.
To recover from this mode,SBS.Current( ) must be greater than or equal to DF.Discharge Detection Current
(IDSG), or if DF.Operation Configuration, NR = 0 AND BCAST transitions from low to high back to low. On
recovery, the SBS.ChargingCurrent( ), SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) and the CHG and ZVCHG FET's are returned to
the previous state in accordance with the charging algorithm, and the DF.OperationConfigurationZVCHG0,1 bits.
SBS.BatteryStatus( )Terminate_Charge_Alarm and SBS.ChargingStatus( )FCMTO are cleared.
(BYTES) VALUE
IFCCHG Fast Charge Detection Current Threshold 0 to 2000 mA 800
Integer 2
FCMTO Fast Charge Mode Charge Timeout 0 to 14400 s 10800
Precharge Mode Charging Timeout

When SBS.Current( )is greater than or equal to DF.Pre-Charge detection threshold (IPCCHG), the bq20z80
starts the Pre-Charge Timer.
The Pre-Charge Timer is suspended when pulse charging is active (SBS.ChargingStatus( )PC = 1), and when
Temperature-based Charge Current Throttling is Active (SBS.ChargingStatus( )TCHG = 1) or when the PCMTO
timer expires.
The Pre-Charge Timer is reset when a DF.Over Charge Recovery (OCR) amount of discharge is detected, OR if
DF.Operation Configuration, NR = 1 AND PRES transitions from low to high back to low.
The bq20z80 sets the PCMTO bit in SBS.ChargingStatus( ) if the Pre-Charge Timer becomes equal to exceeds
the DF.Pre-Charge Mode Charger Timeout (PCMTO), the CHG FET is turned off, and the ZVCHG FET is turned
off if the ZVCHG0,1 bits in DF.Operation Configuration are set appropriately. Also, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set
to 0, SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) is set to 0, and SBS.BatteryStatus( )Terminate_Charge_Alarm is set. If PCMTO is
programmed to 0, this feature is completely disabled.
To recover from this mode, SBS.Current( ) must be greater than or equal to DF.Discharge Detection Current
(IDSG), or if DF.Operation Configuration, NR = 0 AND PRES transitions from low to high back to low. On
recovery, the SBS.ChargingCurrent( ), SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) and the CHG and ZVCHG FET's are returned to
the previous state in accordance with the charging algorithm, SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Charge_Alarm and
SBS.ChargingStatus( ) PCMTO are cleared.
(BYTES) VALUE
IPCCHG Pre-Charge Detection Current Threshold 0 to 2000 mA 50
Integer 2
PCMTO Pre-charge Mode Timeout 0 to 14400 s 3600
52
bq20z80
www.ti.com
POWER MODE
The bq20z80 has several power modes. During these modes, the bq20z80 modifies its operation to minimize
power consumption from the battery.
During normal operation, the bq20z80 takes ADC.Current, ADC.Voltage and ADC.Temperature measurements,
performs calculations, updates SBS data, and makes protection and status decisions at one-second intervals.
Between these periods of activity, the bq20z80 is in a reduced power state.
During this measurement period, the PU pin is pulled high, the PRES input state is read, and PU is released. If
PRES is high, the PRES bit in SBS.OperationStatus( ) is cleared. If PRES is low, the PRES bit
SBS.OperationStatus( ) is set indicating the system is present (the battery is inserted).
If DF.Operation Configuration, NR is cleared, the PRES input must also be low (DF.Operation Status, PRES = 1)
for the bq20z80 to enter Normal Mode.
Normal Mode Discharge Fault – Current

The bq20z80 reports a Normal Mode Discharge Fault due to Current by setting SBS.OperationStatus( )XDSGI
when SBS.BatteryStatus( ), DISCHARGING is set {battery not charging}, AND SBS.SafetyStatus( ), OCD is set.
When this occurs, the CHG and DSG FETs are turned off, and ZVCHG FET is turned OFF if the ZVCHG0,1 bits
in DF.Operation Configuration are set appropriately. Also, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to 0, and
SBS.BatteryStatus( )Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is set.
When SBS.SafetyStatus( ), OCD clears, the SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and the CHG, DSG and ZVCHG FET's are
returned to previous state in accordance with the charging algorithm, and the
DF.OperationConfigurationZVCHG0,1 bits are TBD. SBS.BatteryStatus( )Terminate_Discharge_Alarm and
SBS.OperationStatus( )XDSGI are also cleared.
Normal Mode Discharge Fault - Temperature

The bq20z80 will report a Normal Mode Discharge Fault due to Temperature by setting
SBS.OperationStatus( )XDSGT when SBS.BatteryStatus( ), DISCHARGING is set {battery not charging}, AND
either SBS.SafetyStatus( ), OTD is set, OR SBS.Temperature( ) is less than or equal to DF.Discharge Inhibit
Temperature Low (XDSGTL), and greater than or equal to DF.Discharge Inhibit Temperature High (XDSGTH).
When this occurs, the CHG and DSG FETs are turned off, and the ZVCHG FET is turned off if the ZVCHG0,1
bits in DF.Operation Configuration are set appropriately. Also, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to 0, and
SBS.BatteryStatus( )Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is set.
When SBS.SafetyStatus( ), OTD clears, and SBS.Temperature( ) is greater than or equal to DF.Discharge Inhibit
Temperature Low (XDSGTL) + THYS and less than or equal to DF.Discharge Inhibit Temperature High
(XDSGTH) + THYS, the SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and the CHG, DSG and ZVCHG FET's are returned to the
previous state in accordance with the charging algorithm, and the DF.OperationConfiguration ZVCHG0,1 bits are
TBD. SBS.BatteryStatus( )Terminate_Discharge_Alarm, and SBS.OperationStatus( )XDSGT are also cleared.

(BYTES) VALUE
XDSGTL Inhibit Discharge Low –50
Integer –40 to 120 2 0.1°C
XDSGTH Inhibit Discharge High 600
Normal Mode Discharge Fault - Low Voltage (Battery Depleted)

The bq20z80 reports a Normal Mode Discharge Fault due to Low Voltage by setting
SBS.OperationStatus( )XDSGLV when SBS.BatteryStatus( ), DSICHARGING = 1 {battery not charging}, AND
SBS.Voltage( ) is less than or equal to DF.Terminate Voltage. When this occurs, the CHG and DSG FETs are
turned off, and the ZVCHG FET is turned off if the ZVCHG0,1 bits in DF.Operation Configuration are set
appropriately. Also, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) is set to 0, and SBS.BatteryStatus( )Terminate_Discharge_Alarm is
set.
When SBS.Voltage( ) is greater than or equal to DF.Terminate Voltage, the SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and the
CHG, DSG and ZVCHG FET's are returned to the previous state in accordance with the charging algorithm.
SBS.BatteryStatus( ) Terminate_Discharge_Alarm and SBS.OperationStatus( ) XDSGLV are also cleared.
53
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Sleep Mode
In Sleep mode, the bq20z80 measures ADC.Voltage and ADC.Temperature every DF.tSLEEP time period, and
ADC.Current is measured at intervals equal to DF.tSLEEP×DF.Sleep Current Multiplier (tSLEEPX). At each
interval, the bq20z80 performs calculations, updates SBS data and makes protection and status decisions.
Between these periods of activity the bq20z80 is in a reduced-power state.
The bq20z80 enters sleep mode when the following conditions exist.
• SBS.Current( ) in charge or discharge is less than or equal to DF.Sleep Threshold (ISLEEP), AND SMBus is
Low for a Bus Low period (tBUSLOW), AND DF.Operation Configuration, SLEEP bit is set
OR
• SBS.Current( ) is less than or equal to DF.Sleep Threshold in discharge, AND SBS.ManufacturerAccess( )
Sleep command is received, AND DF.Operation Configuration, SLEEP bit is set.
AND
• If DF.Operation Configuration, NR is cleared, the PRES input must also be high, SBS.OperationStatus( ),
PRES = 0, for the bq20z80 to enter sleep.
Entry to Sleep mode is held off if any flag in SBS.PFAlert( ) or SBS.SafetyAlert( ) is set, or if any
protection-feature recovery timers are active and have not expired, sleep mode is not entered and the bq20z80
remains in Normal mode.
On entry to sleep, and if DF.Operation Configuration, NR is cleared, the CHG and DSG FETs are turned off, and
the ZVCHG FET is turned off if the ZVCHG0,1 bits in DF.Operation Configuration are set appropriately. If
DF.Operation Configuration, NR is set, the CHG FET is turned off, and the ZVCHG FET is turned off if the
ZVCHG0,1 bits in DF.Operation Configuration are set appropriately.
Also, on entry to sleep, the auto calibration of the ADC begins. However, if SBS.Temperature( ) is less than or
equal to 5ºC and greater than or equal to 45ºC, Auto Calibration of the ADC is not started on entry to sleep
mode.
The bq20z80 exits sleep if |SBS.Current( )| is non-zero, OR the SMBC or the SMBD input transitions high, OR
{any SBS.OperationStatus( ), SBS.ChargingStatus( ) or SBS.SafetyStatus( ) flag changes state}.
If DF.Operation ConfigurationNR is cleared, the bq20z80 to exits sleep mode when PRES is pulled low
(SBS.OperationSatatu( ) PRES = 1).
(BYTES) VALUE
tSLEEP Sleep Time s 6
0 to 200
ISLEEP Sleep Current Threshold mA 2
Integer 1
tBUSLOW SMBus Low Detection Time
0 to 60 s
tSLEEPX Sleep Current Multiplier 10
Battery Removed Mode

The bq20z80 detects the Battery-Removed state when DF.Operation Configuration, NR is cleared AND the
PRES input is high (SBS.Operation Status( ), PRES = 0).
On entry to Battery-Removed state, SBS.BatteryStatus( ), Terminate_Charge_Alarm and Termin-
ate_Discharge_Alarm are set, SBS.ChargingCurrent( ) and SBS.ChargingVoltage( ) are set to 0, and the CHG
and DSG FETs are turned off, and the ZVCHG FET is turned off if the ZVCHG0,1 bits in DF.Operation
Configuration are set appropriately.
Polling of the PRES pin continues at a rate of less than every 250ms.
The bq20z80 exits the Battery-Removed state if DF.Operation Configuration, NR is cleared, AND the PRES input
is low (SBS.Operation Status( ), PRES = 1). When this occurs, SBS.BatteryStatus( ), Terminate_Charge_Alarm
and Terminate_Discharge_Alarm are reset.
54
bq20z80
www.ti.com

(BYTES) VALUE
VSHUT Shutdown Voltage Threshold 0 to 20000 2 mV 9000
tSHUT Shutdown Time Integer 0 to 2 1 s 2
CHGPRES Charger Present Threshold 0 to 21000 2 mV 17000
Shutdown Mode
The bq20z80 enters shutdown mode if the following conditions are met:
• SBS.Voltage( ) is less than or equal to the DF.Shutdown Voltage (VSHUT) threshold,
OR
• SBS.ManufacturerAccess( ) shutdown command} AND Voltage at the bq29312 Pack pin is less than the
DF.Charger Present (CHGPRES) threshold for a period of DF.Shutdown Time (tSHUT) AND SBS.Current( )
is zero.
If DF.Operation Configuration, NR is set, CHGPRES must be greater than VSHUT + 6% for correct operation. It
is also recommended that the value of CHGPRES be greater than 4.3V × the number of series cells for any
setting on NR.
When the bq20z80 meets these conditions, the CHG, DSG and ZVCHG FETs are turned off, and the bq29312 is
commanded to shut down. In shutdown mode, the bq20z80 is completely powered down because its supply is
removed.
To exit shutdown mode, the voltage at the PACK pin of the bq29312 must be greater than its minimum operating
voltage. When this occurs, the bq29312 returns power to the bq20z80, SBS.OperationStatus( )WAKE is set, and
data flash configuration is loaded into the RAM of the bq20z80 and the bq29312. If the data-flash load was valid,
the SBS.BatteryMode( ), INIT bit is set. When the DF load is completed, the SBS.OperationStatus( )WAKE bit is
cleared.
If the data-flash load was bad, SBS.BatteryMode( ), INIT = 0, and the bq20z80 will attempt one reload. If the
bq20z80 has attempted load 2 times without success, the bq20z80 enters the Data Flash Verification Failure
state.
See Data Flash Verification for more details.
(BYTES) VALUE
VSHUT Shutdown Voltage Threshold 0 to 20000 2 mV 9000
tSHUT Shutdown Time Integer 0 to 60 1 s 2
CHGPRES Charger Present Threshold 0 to 21000 2 mV 17000
Display
Configuration
Number of LEDs Supported

Operation Configuration, LED0 and LED1 determine the number of LEDs supported.
LED1 LED0 LED's SUPPORTED
0 0 User
0 1 3
1 0 4
1 1 5
55
bq20z80
www.ti.com
NOTE:
At powerup, the LEDs Supported bit is read and the associated LEDxON and
LEDxOFF thresholds are loaded into data flash.
Display Mode
The mode of the display is set in DF.Operation Configuration, DMODE.
DMODE LEDs SUPPORTED % DATA FULL REFERENCE
0 Relative Mode (default) SBS.RSOC( ) SBS.DesignCapacity( )
1 Absolute Mode SBS.ASOC( ) SBS.FullChargeCapacity( )
Display Format - Discharge

This mode is available when SBS.BatteryStatus( ) DSG = 1
LED THRESHOLD 3-LEDs 4-LEDs 5-LEDs USER
ALARM LED ALARM 10% 10% 10% LED_ALARM%
1 LED1OFF 0 to 32% 0 to 24% 0 to 19% LED1OFF%
4 LED4OFF – 75 to 100% 60 to 79% LED4OFF%
5 LED5OFF – – 80 to 100% LED5OFF%
The LEDxOFF threshold is the % of SBS.RSOC( ) or SBS.ASOC( ) to enable the respective LED.
The LED_ALARM threshold is the % of SBS.RSOC( ) or SBS.ASOC( ) at which the remaining active LEDs will
Flash at a 50% duty cycle rate of LED_Flash.
If LEDRCA in DF.Operational Configuration is set, AND If SBS.BatteryStatus( ) RCA is set, the display flashes at
the DF.LED_Flash rate with a 50% duty cycle.
If LED0, LED1 = User, the User data flash percentages are used.
When LEDRCA =1, the LED_ALARM is ignored.
When LEDRCA = 0, the SBS.BatteryStatus( ) is ignored.
Display Format - Charge

This mode is available when SBS.BatteryStatus( ) DSG = 0
LED THRESHOLD 3-LEDs 4-LEDs 5-LEDs USER
ALARM LED ALARM 10% 10% 10% LED_ALARM%
1 LED1ON 0 to 32% 0 to 24% 0 to 19% LED1ON%
4 LED4ON – 75 to 100% 60 to 79% LED4ON%
5 LED5ON – – 80 to 100% LED5ON%
The LEDxON threshold is the % of SBS.RSOC( ) or SBS.ASOC( ) to enable the respective LED.
The LED_ALARM threshold is the % of SBS.RSOC( ) or SBS.ASOC( ) at which the remaining active LEDs flash
at the rate of DF.LED_Flash, with a 50% duty cycle.
If LEDRCA in DF.OperationConfiguration is set AND if SBS.BatteryStatus( ) RCA is set, the display flashes at the
DF.LED_Flash rate with a 50% duty cycle.
If LED0, LED1 = User, the User data flash percentages are used.
If DF.LED_Blink is greater than 0, the top active LED blinks at the DF.LED_Blink rate with a 50% duty cycle.
56
bq20z80
www.ti.com
Display Format - Permanent Failure

This mode is available when SBS.SafetyStatus( )PF = 1. The LEDs indicate the permanent failure cause as
indicated by the flag in SBS.PFStatus( ).
PF MODE LED5 LED4 LED3 LED2 LED1
- 0 0 0 0 Flash
PFIN 0 0 0 1 Flash
SOV 0 0 1 0 Flash
SOTC 0 0 1 1 Flash
SOTD 0 1 0 0 Flash
CIM 0 1 0 1 Flash
CFETF 0 1 1 0 Flash
DFETF 0 1 1 1 Flash
DFF 1 0 0 0 Flash
AFE_C 1 0 0 1 Flash
AFE_P 1 0 1 0 Flash
Display Timing
When the display is activated, between each active LED illumination there is a delay time of DF.LED_Delay.
When all active LEDs are illuminated, the display remains active for DF.LED_Hold time. When this time expires,
all LEDs turn off at the same time.
(BYTES) VALUE
LED_Flash LED Flash Time 50
LED_Blink LED Blink Time Unsigned Integer 0 to 1000 2 ms 750
LED_Delay LED Delay Time 50
LED_Hold LED Hold Time 0 to 10 s 4
LED1ON LED1 Threshold in Charge 0
LED5ON LED5 Threshold in Charge Byte 1 79
0 to 100 %
LED1OFF LED1 Threshold in Discharge 0
Display Activation
There are 4 methods of display activation.
1. ManufacturerAcces( ) commands – See ManufacturerAccess( ) section for details.
2. If Operation configuration LEDR is set, the display is activated on exit from reset.
3. Charge activity detected. If CHGLED in Operation Configuration is set, while SBS.Current( ) is greater than
Charge Detection Current (ICHG), the display remains active.
4. High-to-Low logic transition on the DISP pin. The next high-to-low transition of DISP is not recognized until
DF.LED_Hold expires.
If a high-to-low logic transition on the DISP pin occurs, and the low-state held for DF.tLED_HOLD, the
permanent-failure display is activated after the capacity display. The next high-to-low transition of DISP is not
recognized until DF.LED_Hold expires.
If SBS.Voltage( ) is less than or equal to DF.Terminate Voltage, the display is disabled.
57
bq20z80
www.ti.com
If DF.OperationConfiguration, PFD0 is set, then the PF display can be activated for a further period of 2 x
LED_Hold in two possible ways depending on the DF.OperationConfiguration, PFD1. The PF display is shown
after the normal SOC display.
1. If a high-to-low logic transition on the DISP pin occurs, AND the low-state is held for tLED_HOLD, AND
DF.OperationConfiguration, PFD1 = 0
2. If a high-to-low logic transition on the DISP pin occurs, AND DF.OperationConfiguration, PFD1 = 1.
The next high-to-low transition of DISP is not recognized until LED_Hold expires.
58
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com 4-Mar-2005
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device Status (1) Package Package Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3)
Type Drawing Qty
BQ20Z80DBT ACTIVE SM8 DBT 38 50 None CU NIPDAU Level-1-220C-UNLIM
BQ20Z80DBTR ACTIVE SM8 DBT 38 2000 None CU NIPDAU Level-1-220C-UNLIM
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in
a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
Eco Plan - May not be currently available - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional
product content details.
None: Not yet available Lead (Pb-Free).
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements
for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered
at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean "Pb-Free" and in addition, uses package materials that do not contain halogens,
including bromine (Br) or antimony (Sb) above 0.1% of total product weight.
(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDECindustry standard classifications, and peak solder
temperature.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is
provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the
accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take
reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on
incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited
information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI
to Customer on an annual basis.
Addendum-Page 1
MECHANICAL DATA
MPDS019D – FEBRUARY 1996 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2002
DBT (R-PDSO-G**) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE

30 PINS SHOWN
0,27
0,50 0,08 M
0,17
30 16
0,15 NOM
4,50 6,60
4,30 6,20
Gage Plane
0,25
1 15 0°–ā8°
A 0,75
0,50
Seating Plane
0,15
1,20 MAX 0,10
0,05
PINS **
20 24 28 30 38 44 50
DIM
A MAX 5,10 6,60 7,90 7,90 9,80 11,10 12,60
A MIN 4.90 6,40 7,70 7,70 9,60 10,90 12,40
4073252/E 02/02
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters.

B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion.
D. Falls within JEDEC MO-153
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

IMPORTANT NOTICE
Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications,
enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue
any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing
orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are sold subject to TI’s terms
and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment.
TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in
accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI
deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all
parameters of each product is not necessarily performed.
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. Customers are responsible for
their products and applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with customer products
and applications, customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards.
TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any TI patent right,
copyright, mask work right, or other TI intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process
in which TI products or services are used. Information published by TI regarding third-party products or services
does not constitute a license from TI to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement thereof.
Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property
of the third party, or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI.
Reproduction of information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without
alteration and is accompanied by all associated warranties, conditions, limitations, and notices. Reproduction
of this information with alteration is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for
such altered documentation.
Resale of TI products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that
product or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated TI product or service and
is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for any such statements.
Following are URLs where you can obtain information on other Texas Instruments products and application
solutions:
Products Applications
Amplifiers amplifier.ti.com Audio www.ti.com/audio
Data Converters dataconverter.ti.com Automotive www.ti.com/automotive
DSP dsp.ti.com Broadband www.ti.com/broadband
Interface interface.ti.com Digital Control www.ti.com/digitalcontrol
Logic logic.ti.com Military www.ti.com/military
Power Mgmt power.ti.com Optical Networking www.ti.com/opticalnetwork
Microcontrollers microcontroller.ti.com Security www.ti.com/security
Telephony www.ti.com/telephony
Video & Imaging www.ti.com/video
Wireless www.ti.com/wireless
Mailing Address: Texas Instruments

Post Office Box 655303 Dallas, Texas 75265
Copyright  2005, Texas Instruments Incorporated

This datasheet has been download from:
www.datasheetcatalog.com
Datasheets for electronics components.

A1185 Battery Management Chip

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

A1185 Battery Management Chip

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

A1185 Battery Management Chip

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

bq20z80

www.ti.com SLUS625B – SEPTEMBER 2004 – REVISED DECEMBER 2004

SBS 1.1-COMPLIANT GAS GAUGE ENABLED WITH ImpedanceTrack™ TECHNOLOGY

FEATURES • Drives 3-, 4- or 5- Segment LED Display for

TERMINAL FUNCTIONS (continued)

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

(1) This value does not include the bq29312

POWER ON RESET BEHAVIOR

2.25 Vhys 115

INTEGRATING ADC (Coulomb Counter) CHARACTERISTICS

PLL SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS

DATA FLASH MEMORY CHARACTERISTICS

(1) Assured by design. Not production tested

(1) Specified by design. Not production tested.

SMBus TIMING SPECIFICATIONS

tF Clock/data fall time (VILMAX– 0.15 V) to (VIHMIN + 0.15 V) 300

SMBus TIMING DIAGRAM

SYSTEM PRESENT OPERATION

BATTERY PARAMETER MEASUREMENTS

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued)

Coulomb Counter Dead Band

Table 1. Temperature Sensor Selection

SBS.RemainingCapacity( ) and SBS.RemainingStateOfCharge( ) Updating

ImpedanceTrack Load Model

ImpedanceTrack Load Compensation

Table 2. ImpedanceTrack Load-Compensation Settings

Reserve Battery Capacity

Discharge and Charge Alarms

Safety Over Current in Charge = ALL FETs OFF, TCA + TDA + PF = 1

CC( ) = DF. Pre−Charge Current

DF.Charge Suspend Temperature High = SBS.CC( ) = 0

DF.Charge Inhibit Temperature Low = SBS.CC( ) = 0

Short Circuit in Discharge = ALL FETs OFF, TDA = 1

DF.Discharge Inhibit Temperature High = SBS.CC( ) = 0, TDA = 1

DF.TerminateVoltage = DSG FET OFF, FD + TDA = 1

DF.Discharge Inhibit Temperature Low = SBS.CC( ) = 0

SBS.RSOC( ) = 0% DF.Reserve Capacity

Absolute Minimum Voltage for System Operation

PRIMARY SAFETY FEATURES

Cell Overvoltage Threshold Compensation

Charge and Discharge Overcurrent

(1) No SBS.SafetyAlert( ) flag

Standard Recovery, where DF.OperationConfiguration.NR = 0, and the overcurrent tier is selected in

Short Circuit Protection

Short Circuit DF THRESHOLD & DF.Time FET SBS.SAFETYSTATUS( ) DF CLEAR THRESHOLD

Standard Recovery is where DF.OperationConfiguration.NR = 0 and the overcurrent tier is selected in

SECONDARY PROTECTION FEATURES

Actions on Detection of Secondary or Permanent Failure

Clearing Permanent Failure

2nd Level Protection IC Input (PFIN)

Safety Overvoltage Protection (SOV)

Safety Overcurrent Protection (SOCC, SOCD)

Safety Over Temperature Protection (SOTC, SOTD)

Cell Imbalance Fault Protection (CIM)

Charge and Zero-Volt Charge FET Fault Protection (CFETF)

Discharge FET Fault Protection (DFETF)

AFE Communication Fault Protection (AFE_C)

Periodic AFE Verification (AFE_P)

Fuse State Detection (FBF)

Data Flash Verification