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    2 Fundamental Duties

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    mrrobb790

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    2 Fundamental Duties

    Uploaded by

    mrrobb790
    9 views5 pages

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    9 views5 pages

    2 Fundamental Duties

    Uploaded by

    mrrobb790

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Fundamental Duties

    Though the rights and duties of the citizens are correlative and
    inseparable, the original constitution contained only the fundamental rights
    and not the fundamental duties. In other words, the framers of the
    Constitution did not feel it necessary to incorporate the fundamental duties
    of the citizens in the Constitution. However, they incorporated the duties of
    the State in the Constitution in the form of Directive Principles of State
    Polity. Later in 1976, the fundamental duties of citizens were added in the
    Constitution. In 2002, one more Fundamental Duty was added.

    The Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution are inspired by


    the Constitution of erstwhile USSR.
    LIST OF FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
    According to Article 51A, it shall be the duty of every citizen of India:
    1. to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the
    National Flag and the National Anthem;
    2. to cherish and follow the noble ideals that inspired the national struggle
    for freedom;
    3. to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;
    4. to defend the country and render national service when called upon to
    do so;
    5. to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all
    the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or
    sectional diversities and to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity
    of women;
    6. to value and preserve the rich heritage of the country’s composite
    culture;
    7. to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes,
    rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures;
    8. to develop scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and
    reform;

    9. to safeguard public property and to abjure violence;

    10. to strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective


    activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour
    and achievement; and

    11. to provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the
    age of six and fourteen years. This duty was added by the 86th
    Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002.
    FEATURES OF THE FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
    1. Some of them are moral duties while others are civic duties. For
    instance, cherishing noble ideals of freedom struggle is a moral
    precept and respecting the Constitution, National Flag and National
    Anthem is a civic duty.
    2. They refer to such values which have been a part of the Indian
    tradition, mythology, religions and practices.
    3. Unlike some of the Fundamental Rights which extend to all persons
    whether citizens or foreigners , the Fundamental Duties are confined
    to citizens only and do not extend to foreigners.
    4. Like the Directive Principles, the fundamental duties are also non-
    justiciable. The Constitution does not provide for their direct
    enforcement by the courts.
    SIGNIFICANCE OF FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
    1. They serve as a reminder to the citizens that while enjoying their rights,
    they should also be conscious of duties they owe to their country, their
    society and to their fellow citizens.
    2. They serve as a warning against the antinational and antisocial activities
    like burning the national flag, destroying public property and so on.
    3. They serve as a source of inspiration for the citizens and promote a sense
    of discipline and commitment among them.
    4. They help the courts in examining and determining the constitutional
    validity of a law.
    5. They are enforceable by law. Hence, the Parliament can provide for the
    imposition of appropriate penalty or punishment for failure to fulfill any
    of them.

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