JUNE- 2024

December - 2023

SEPTEMBER - 2023

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 Reports and
Indices
1 to 15 June 2024
st th

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Contents
FIRST SECTION................................................................................................................................... 4
1. A world of debt: A growing burden to global prosperity ..................................................... 4
2. Climate Finance Provided and Mobilised by Developed Countries in 2013-2022 ........... 4
3. Red List of Mangrove Ecosystems ..........................................................................................6
4. WMO Global Annual to Decadal Climate Update (2024-2028) ........................................... 7
5. Child Nutrition Report, 2024 - Child Food Poverty: Nutrition Deprivation in Early
Childhood ..............................................................................................................................................8
6. World Employment and Social Outlook: May 2024 Update .................................................9
7. Global Gender Gap Report 2024 ........................................................................................... 11
8. World Energy Investment 2024 ............................................................................................. 13
9. Global Sustainable Development Report (GSDR) 2023 - Times of Crisis, Times of
Change: Science for Accelerating Transformations to Sustainable Development..................... 14
SECOND SECTION ............................................................................................................................ 14
10. Global Peace Index (GPI) 2024.............................................................................................. 14
11. QS World University Rankings 2025 ..................................................................................... 16
THIRD SECTION ................................................................................................................................. 17
Reports and Indices 16th to 30th June 2024 .................................................................................... 19

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 FIRST SECTION
1. A world of debt: A growing burden to global prosperity
• Released by: United Nations Global Crisis Response Group (UN GCRG)- at UN Trade
and Development (UNCTAD)
• About: Alarming surge in global public debt
Key Findings:

Global Public Debt:

• Global public debt continues to increase rapidly, driven by cascading crises as well
as the sluggish and uneven performance of the global economy.
o In 2023, public debt, comprising domestic and external general government
debt, reached US$ 97 trillion, a US$ 5.6 trillion increase from 2022.
o Growing in all regions, but only in Africa it is growing faster than GDP.

Public debt in developing countries:

• Rising at twice rate of that in developed countries.

• Reached US$ 29 trillion, accounting for 30% of the global total.
o Over three-quarters of this debt is owed by countries in Asia and Oceania.
• Borrowing costs for developing countries far exceed those of developed countries.

Trend in interest Payment in developing countries:

• In 2023, developing nations paid $847 billion in net interest, a 26% increase from
2021.
• More than half of developing countries allocate at least 8% of government revenues
to interest payments and it has doubled over the past decade.
• In 2023, a record 54 developing countries, equivalent to 38% of the total, allocated
10% or more of government revenues to interest payments, with nearly half of them
in Africa.
• Larger proportion of their GDP is allocated to interest payments (2.4%), than to
climate initiatives (2.1%).

Additional Information:

• According to the Institute of International Finance, global debt (including borrowings

of households, businesses and governments) has reached $315 trillion in 2024.
o This is 3 times the global gross domestic product (GDP).

2. Climate Finance Provided and Mobilised by Developed Countries in 2013-

2022
• Released by: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
• About: 7th assessment of progress towards the UNFCCC goal

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• Since 2015, at the request of donor countries, the OECD has produced analyses of
progress towards the goal set under the UNFCCC for developed countries to mobilise USD
100 billion annually for climate action in developing countries.

Key Findings:

Components:

Bilateral public climate finance

Capture 4 distinct components of climate Multilateral public climate finance
finance Officially supported export credits
Private finance

Trends:

• In 2022, developed countries provided and mobilised total USD 115.9 billion in
climate finance for developing countries.
o Reached annual goal for first time owing to largest year-on-year increase
observed to date (up by USD 26.3 billion and 30% compared to 2021).
• Public climate finance (bilateral and multilateral attributable to developed countries)
accounted for close to 80% of the total in 2022.
o The increase between 2021 and 2022 was the most significant observed in a
given year to date, both in absolute (a USD 18.5 billion rise) and relative terms
(25%).
o Within public climate finance, multilateral public climate finance grew the
most between 2013 and 2022, with a USD 35 billion (226%) increase driven
by multilateral development banks (MDBs).
o In 2022, as in previous years, public climate finance mainly took the form of
loans (69% or $ 63.6 billion) and, to a lesser extent, grants (28% or $25.6
billion).
• Over the period 2016-2022, close to 90% of financing provided by multilateral
development banks took the form of loans.
o In contrast, the mix was comparatively more balanced for multilateral climate
funds (39% loans, 54% grants) and bilateral providers (57% loans, 39%
grants).

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 Table: Climate finance provided and mobilised in 2013-2022 per component and sub component

Note: The sum of components may not add up to totals due to rounding

Additional Information:

• New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG): New amount developed countries must
mobilize every year from 2025 onwards to support climate action in developing
countries.

3. Red List of Mangrove Ecosystems

• Released by: International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
• About: First-ever global assessment of an entire ecosystem functional group in 36
different regions called provinces.
Background:

IUCN’s Red List of Ecosystems (RLE): Global standard for assessing risks to ecosystems.

Key findings:

• Distribution of Mangrove:
o The world’s mangrove ecosystems cover about 150 thousand km^2 along mainly
tropical, sub-tropical and some warm temperate coasts of the world.
o About 15% of the world’s coastlines are covered by mangroves.
• Economic and Social Importance of Mangroves:
o Provides essential ecosystem services to people, including coastal disaster risk
reduction, carbon sequestration and long-term storage, and ecological support
for fisheries and biodiversity.
o As of today, global mangroves:
▪ Store almost 11 billion tons of carbon, which is almost 3 times the amount
of carbon stored by tropical forests of the same size.
▪ Protect 15.4 million people and USD 65 billion worth of property per year
from coastal disasters.

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 • In 2050, this could rise to 15.5 million and USD 118 billion because of
population growth and rise in property values.
▪ Support 126 million fishing days per year, providing a key source of food
for human populations living near coasts and beyond, along with valuable
employment provided by millions of fisheries-related jobs.

• Overview of risk:
o Sea-level rise (due to climate change) is the main threat affecting mangrove
ecosystem.
o 50% of mangrove ecosystems units are at risk of collapse, equally they represent
50% of the world’s mangrove area.
o 1 out of 5 are at severe risk of collapse.
o In the absence of additional conservation efforts, by 2050:
▪ About -~7,065 km2 (- 5%) more mangroves will be lost and ~23,672 km2
(-16%) will be submerged.
o Under business as usual, 25% of the global mangrove area is predicted to be
submerged in the next 50 Years.
▪ One third of the world’s mangrove ecosystem provinces will be severely
affected by sea-level rise.
o Impact of sea-level rise on mangrove ecosystems will differ regionally: the
Northwest Atlantic, North Indian Ocean, Red Sea, South China Sea, and Gulf of
Aden coasts are expected to be particularly severely affected.

• Consequences of Mangrove Loss:

Aspect Implications
Loss of 1.8 billion tonnes of carbon = $336
Carbon Storage
billion cost to society
Lives Exposed to Coastal Flooding 2.1 million (14.5% of current)
Property Protection Value Loss $36 billion (35.7% of current)
Global Mangrove Area Submersion 25% in next 50 years
17 million days of fishing effort per year
Loss in fishing
(14% of current)

4. WMO Global Annual to Decadal Climate Update (2024-2028)

• Released by: World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
• About: Synthesis of the global annual to decadal predictions produced by the WMO-
designated Global Producing Centres and other contributing centres.
• Publication: Annual

Background:

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 Key Findings:

• 80% likelihood that annual average global temperature will temporarily exceed 1.5°C
above pre-industrial levels for at least 1 of the next 5 years.
o The chance (80%) of at least 1 of the next 5 years exceeding 1.5°C has risen
steadily since 2015, when such a chance was close to zero.
o It is likely (86%) at least 1 of next 5 years will be the warmest on record, beating
2023 (currently warmest).
• 47% likelihood that global temperature averaged over entire 5-year 2024-2028
period will exceed 1.5 °C above the pre-industrial era.
o Up from 32% from last year’s report for the 2023-2027 period.
• Global mean near-surface temperature between 2024 and 2028 is predicted to be
between 1.1°C and 1.9°C higher than the 1850-1900 baseline.

5. Child Nutrition Report, 2024 - Child Food Poverty: Nutrition Deprivation in

Early Childhood
• Released by: United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
• About: Status, trends, inequities and drivers of child food poverty in early childhood
Background:

• UNICEF defines child food poverty as children’s inability to access and consume a
nutritious and diverse diet in early childhood (i.e., the first 5 years of life).

Food
Groups:

Figure: Child food poverty

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 • For the first time, this report is examining the dietary deprivation among the world's
youngest people in nearly 100 countries, and across all income groups.

6 Key Findings:

1. Globally, 1 in 4 children (27%) are living in severe child food poverty in early
childhood, amounting to 181 million children under 5 years of age.
• South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa are home to more than two-thirds (68%)
of these children.
• Almost two thirds of all children experiencing severe child food poverty live in
only 20 countries.
• Percentage of children living in severe child food poverty in India: 40%
2. Progress towards ending severe child food poverty is slow.
• However, in West and Central Africa, severe child food poverty fell by one
quarter (42% to 32%)
3. Severe child food poverty is experienced by children belonging to poor (84 million,
or 46%) and non-poor households (97 million or 54%), indicating that household
income is not the only driver of severe child food poverty.
4. Children living in severe child food poverty are missing out on many nutrient-rich
foods, while unhealthy foods are becoming entrenched in the diets of these
children.
5. The global food and nutrition crisis and localized conflicts and climatic shocks are
intensifying severe child food poverty, especially in fragile countries.
• 1 in 3 children in fragile countries are living in severe child food poverty.
• For children in extremely fragile contexts, the % affected by severe child food
poverty can soar to exceptionally high levels, such as in Afghanistan (49%),
Somalia (63 %), and most recently in the Gaza Strip in the State of Palestine
(9 in 10 children living in severe child food poverty between December 2023
and April 2024).
6. Severe child food poverty is driving child undernutrition: prevalence of severe child
food poverty is 3 times higher in countries with a high prevalence of child stunting.

6. World Employment and Social Outlook: May 2024 Update

• Released by: International Labour Organization (ILO)
• About:
o Analyses current prospects for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs) on poverty and informality.
o Provides updated global and regional estimates of key labour market indicators.

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Key Findings:

Employment Scenario:

• The global unemployment rate is projected at 4.9% in 2024, slightly lower than in
2023 (5.0%) and a downward revision from previous projection of 5.2%.
o Revision derives mainly from lower-than-expected unemployment rates in
China, India, and high-income countries.
o Rate will stay at 4.9% in 2025.
• 402 million persons are without a job but wanting to work in 2024.
o This includes the 183 million who are counted as unemployed.
o Job deficits are unevenly distributed, with larger gaps in developing
countries and for women.
Key Words:
• Persons without a job but wanting to work - includes all individuals who are
willing and able to work.
• As per ILO, unemployed means those who meet the 2 technical criteria,
being available at short notice and actively searching for work.
• Informality refers to employment situations that are not regulated by formal
work contracts or recognized by official statistics. This includes jobs that
lack social security and other benefits.

• Trends:
o Progress in reducing poverty and informality has slowed down since 2015
and the relationship between these indicators and GDP has weakened.
o Formal job creation has not kept pace with a growing working-age
population.
▪ Number of workers in informal employment has grown from
approximately 1.7 billion in 2005 to 2.0 billion in 2024.

• Women related key statistics:

Metric Women Men Gender Gap

Employment (aged 15 and 45.6% 69.2% 23.6% points

above) (2024)
Wanted a Job but Not in Work 22.8% 15.3% 7.5% points
(Low-Income) (2024)
Wanted a Job but Not in Work 9.7% 7.3% 2.4% points
(High-Income) (2024)
Labour Income (High-Income Employed women earn 73 cents to the dollar compared
Countries) (2021) to employed men.

Labour Income (Low-Income Women earn just 44 cents to the dollar.

Countries) (2021)
Reason: Gap mainly stems from family responsibilities (marriage and parenthood), i.e.,
women’s disproportionate share of unpaid care work.

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 Macroeconomic developments:

• Global GDP to grow at 3.2% in 2024, a 0.1 point upward revision since January 2024.
• Global inflation is decreasing, which will tend to mitigate the erosion of real wages
seen in recent years.
• Real wages remain slightly below 2019 levels globally, but with observed real
increases in some major emerging economies.

7. Global Gender Gap Report 2024

• Released by: World Economic Forum (WEF)
• About:
o Annually benchmarks the current state and evolution of gender parity across 4
key dimensions.
o Since launch in 2006, it is longest-standing index tracking progress of
economies’ efforts towards closing these gaps.
o Examines a subset of 101 countries that have been included in every edition of
index since 2006.
• Edition: 18th
• Coverage: 146 economies
Global Gender Gap Index Framework:

Measures scores on a 0-100 scale

and scores can be interpreted as
distance covered towards parity
(i.e. % of gender gap that has been
closed).

For example, a score of 70 means

that 70% of gender gap has been
closed.

Figure: Subindices of Global Gender Gap Index

Important Rankings:

Leading for a decade and a half.

Only economy to have closed over 90%

1. Iceland (93.5%) of its gender gap.

Global -Top No country has achieved full gender

parity.

2. Finland

3. Norway

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 4. New Zealand After Iceland, out of remaining 9
economies in top 10, 8 have closed over
5. Sweden
80% of their gap.

Bottom 146th - Sudan

145th – Pakistan

144th - Chad

Regional results:

• Europe leads 2024 regional rankings, having closed 75% of its gap in 2024.
o European economies occupy 7 spots out of global top 10.
• Middle East and North Africa ranks last among all regions.
• Southern Asia ranked 7th.

India Specific:

Note: Scores and rankings of subindices need not be memorized.

• Ranked 1st in Enrolment in secondary education under Educational Attainment

subindex.
• Ranked 10th in Years with female/male head of state (last 50) under Political
Empowerment.
• Decrement mainly due to declines in 'Educational Attainment' and 'Political
Empowerment,' parameters, while 'Economic Participation' and 'Opportunity' scores
slightly improved.

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 • Within South Asia, India was ranked 5th after Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and
Bhutan, while Pakistan was ranked last.

Key Findings:

• No country has achieved full gender parity.

• World has closed 68.5% of gender gap, but at current pace it will take 134 years to
reach full parity – roughly 5 generations beyond 2030 Sustainable Development
Goal (SDG) target.
o Since last year (143 countries), gender gap has closed by 0.1%
• Largest gap is in political participation of women.
• Considering 101 countries covered continuously from 2006 to 2024, gap has also
improved +.1 points and reached 68.6%.

8. World Energy Investment 2024

• Released by: International Energy Agency (IEA)
• About: Global benchmark for tracking capital flows in energy sector and examines how
investors are assessing risks and opportunities.
• Publication: Annual
Key Findings:

Energy Investment Overview:

Category Details
To hit $2 trillion in 2024, double the
Global Clean Energy Investment
amount going into fossil fuels.

Expected to exceed $3 trillion for the first

Total Energy Investment
time in 2024.

Investment outpaces all other electricity

Solar Power sources, projected to reach $500 billion in
2024.

Now 10 times of amount going to fossil-fuel

Investment in Renewables and Nuclear power, led by solar, with China investing
biggest share.

Emerging Market and Developing

Economies (EMDE) outside China account
Investment Imbalances
for only around 15% of global clean energy
spending (USD 320 billion).

• Meeting medium-term global goals to reduce harmful carbon emissions would

require investment in renewable power to be doubled worldwide by 2030 a
quadrupling in EMDE outside China.

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9. Global Sustainable Development Report (GSDR) 2023 - Times of Crisis,
Times of Change: Science for Accelerating Transformations to
Sustainable Development
• Released by: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs
• About: GSDR originated in “The Future We Want,” the outcome of the Rio+20 conference
on sustainable development in 2012.
• Edition: 2nd, Published quadrennially (every 4 years)
Key Findings:

• Current Status at the half-way point toward 2030: Only 2 out of 36 reviewed
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targets on track; 8 targets deteriorating.

Challenges:

• Pre-existing issues like climate action, biodiversity loss, and inequality have worsened
post-pandemic, affecting poverty eradication, gender equality, education, and hunger
elimination.
• COVID-19, regional conflicts (including the Ukraine war), cost-of-living and debt crises,
and climate disasters have compounded SDG setbacks.
• Governance and institutional capacities for prioritizing policies, mobilizing resources,
delivering services, and coordinating efforts are inadequate.
• Business-as-usual strategies for SDGs 2 (Zero Hunger) and 8 (Decent Work and
Economic Growth) risk undermining progress in other areas.
• OECD and EU countries, despite high SDG achievements, impose more costs on low-
income countries through negative spillovers.

Opportunities and Way Forward:

• SDGs are interlinked and must be approached holistically based on context specific
analysis.
• There is rising awareness and commitments to the SDGs, but this needs to translate
into action.
• Actions through key entry points like human well-being, sustainable economies, food
systems, energy decarbonization, urban development, and global environmental
commons are crucial.
• Establish an SDG Transformation Framework for accelerated action, including national
plans, fiscal reforms, investment in data and science, and enhanced accountability.
• Increase investment in science and innovation, especially in low- and middle-income
countries.
o Promote open access to scientific research to support SDG solutions.

SECOND SECTION
10. Global Peace Index (GPI) 2024
• Released by: Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP)
• About:

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 o 18th edition ranks 163 independent states and territories according to their level
of peacefulness.
o Uses 23 qualitative and quantitative indicators.

Note: This year a new measure of global military capability introduced that incorporates
military sophistication, technology, and battle readiness into a single measure.

Important Rankings:

1. Iceland (Since 2008) – Score: 1.112

2. Ireland
Top peaceful countries in world 3. Austria
4. New Zealand
5. Singapore
163. Yemen
162. Sudan
Least peaceful country 161. South Sudan
160. Afghanistan
159. Ukraine
Rank: 116th (Change: +5)
India Specific
Overall Score: 2.319 (Change: -0.039)

Key Findings:

Global:

• This year average level of global peacefulness deteriorated by 0.56%.

o This is 12th deterioration (5th consecutive) in peacefulness in the last 16
years, with 65 countries improving and 97 deteriorating in peacefulness.
▪ This is the highest number of countries to deteriorate in peacefulness
in a single year since inception of the index.
• The world has become less peaceful over the past 16 years, with the average
country score deteriorating by 4.5% since the inception of the index in 2008.
• Europe is the most peaceful region in the world and is home to 8 of 10 most
peaceful countries.
o It has been the most peaceful region every year since the start of the GPI.

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 • The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region remained the world’s least
peaceful region.

India:

• Overall level of peacefulness improved by 1.6% over past year, and it now more
peaceful than at any time since the inception of the index.

11. QS World University Rankings 2025

• Released by: Quacquarelli Symonds in partnership with Elsevier
• About: Track and compare the performance of universities across the globe

Important Rankings:

Global: India:

Figure 1: World Ranking Figure 2: Indian Ranking

Key Findings:

• Global: MIT secured top spot for 13th year in a row.

• India:
o 61% of Indian universities have risen in rank this time, while 24% have maintained
their positions.
o University of Delhi has made the most significant improvement nationally
climbing 79 places to reach the 328th position.
o With 46 universities, the Indian Higher Education system is the 7th most
represented globally and the 3rd in Asia, trailing only Japan (49) and China
(Mainland) (71).

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 o India excels in research and international collaboration, scoring 37.8 in
Citations per Faculty, surpassing the global average of 23.5, and ranking 2nd in
Asia after China among higher education systems with over 10 ranked
universities.
o India lags in the International Faculty Ratio and International Student Ratio
indicators.
▪ India’s score for proportion of international students is 2.9, significantly
below global average of 26.5.
▪ India’s Faculty/Student ratio score of 16.2 is considerably lower than the
global average of 28.1.
▪ Average score for the proportion of international faculty is 9.3.

THIRD SECTION
1. BrandZ Most Valuable Global Brands 2024
• Released by – Kantar
• Total value of the Top 100 Most Valuable Global Brands has risen by 20% in 2024.

Overall Rankings:
• Global:
1. Apple - world’s most valuable brand for the 3rd year, and first to surpass a brand
value of $1 trillion.
2. Google
3. Microsoft
4. Amazon
5. McDonald’s
6. NVIDIA - leaped 18 places and has the highest brand value increase of 178%.
• India:
1. 4 Indian companies are among 100 most valuable global brands.
1. At 46th, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) is most valuable Indian brand.
2. 47th – HDFC Bank, 73rd – Airtel, 74th – Infosys
3. Infosys, is among 100 most valuable brands for the 3rd consecutive year.

2. The Container Port Performance Index 2023

• Released by – World Bank with external contributions from S&P Global Market Intelligence
• About – Ranks 405 ports and assesses performance based on vessel time in port.
• 4th Edition

Overall Rankings:
• Global:
1. Yangshan Port (China) – At top spot for 2nd consecutive year
2. Port of Salalah (Oman)
3. Cartagena (Colombia)
4. Tanger-Mediterranean (Morocco)
5. Tanjung Pelepas (Malaysia)

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• India:
1. 9 Indian ports in top 100
2. Top 3:
1. 19th - Visakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh) (first time an Indian port making it to top 20)
• It marked improvement from 115 in 2022, another first for India.
2. 27 – Mundra (Gujarat)
th

3. 41st – Pipavav (Gujarat)

3. Other important ports ranked within 100: 63rd – Cochin (Kerala), 96th – Jawaharlal Nehru
(Maharashtra)

3. Technology Pioneers List 2024

• Released by - World Economic Forum
• List has total 100 leading tech startups from 23 countries which are focused on applying new
breakthroughs in AI to develop clean energy solutions, healthcare innovation and progress in
biotech, space and neurotechnology.
• 10 Indian startups included: Pixxel, Niramai, Sarvam AI, Amperehour Solar, Cropin, Entri,
HealthPlix, International Battery Company, NxtWave, String Bio.

4. Growth Projections
Moody’s - Asia-Pacific H2 2024 Credit Outlook:

• Indonesia, the Philippines and India led the way in terms of growth in first half of 2024 and
should continue to outperform pre-COVID growth numbers.
• India to remain Asia-Pacific region's fastest-growing economy in 2024, sustaining last
year's domestically driven momentum.
• India's economy to expand 6.6% in the year ended March 2025 (FY25) and 6.2% the
following year (projected in May 2024).

Goldman Sachs:

• India’s GDP growth forecast upped by 20 basis points to 6.9% this calendar year from an
earlier projection of 6.7%.
o For the current fiscal (2024-25) - GDP growth at 6.8%.
• India’s fiscal deficit target of 5.1% achievable in 2024-25.

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 Reports and
Indices
16 to 30 June 2024
th th

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Contents
FIRST SECTION.................................................................................................................................. 21
12. Fostering Effective Energy Transition Report 2024 ............................................................ 21
13. Global Economic Prospects - June 2024 ............................................................................ 23
14. World Investment Report 2024: Investment facilitation and digital government ........... 24
15. Sustainable Development Report 2024: The SDGs and the UN Summit of the Future . 26
16. Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2023..................................................................... 28
17. Annual Survey of Unincorporated Sector Enterprises (ASUSE) Results for 2021-22 and
2022-23 ............................................................................................................................................. 30
SECOND SECTION ............................................................................................................................ 31
18. Environmental Performance Index (EPI) 2024 ..................................................................... 31
19. University Impact Rankings for 2024................................................................................... 33
THIRD SECTION ................................................................................................................................ 34

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 FIRST SECTION
12. Fostering Effective Energy Transition Report 2024
• Released by: World Economic Forum (WEF) (in collaboration with Accenture)
• About: Benchmarking 120 countries on their current energy system performance and
readiness for the transition through the Energy Transition Index (ETI) and providing
insights across nations.
• Edition: 14th
• Publication: Annual
Background:

• New this year to the ETI are “tailored pathways” for analysing country-specific
characteristics, including income level and local energy resources, to provide region-
specific recommendations.

ETI 2024 framework:

Figure: ETI framework distribution

• Countries are scored across 46 indicators covering the most important aspects
across these dimensions of the energy transition.
• The ETI adopts a minimum-maximum method to normalize indicator scores on a scale
from 0 to 100, where a score of 100 signifies the highest global performance on
each indicator.

Important Rankings:

1. Sweden (Score: 78.4)

2. Denmark
Global (Top)
3. Finland

4. Switzerland

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 5. France

Global (Bottom) 120. Congo

119. Yemen

118. Tanzania

Estonia, Ethiopia and Lebanon have seen

the fastest improvements in the past 5
years

Ranked 63rd (67th in 2023)

Score: 55.3
India Specific
Improved in energy equity, security and
sustainability

Table: Rankings

Key Findings:
Global:

• Of the 120 countries benchmarked, 107 have shown progress over the last decade,
with only 30 countries seeing their scores increase by more than 10%.
o 6 G20 economies feature in top 20: France, Germany, Brazil, China, the United
Kingdom and the United States.
o Only 20 countries improved scores across all 3 dimensions in the past year.
o Overall, 53 countries have made steady progress in the past decade.
• This year saw the highest global average scores (56.5) in the history of the ETI,
with modest improvements in system performance of about 0.2% and strong
progress in transition readiness, with a growth of 2%.
• From 2015 to 2024, the global average scores for the ETI have consistently
increased, driven by improvements in both system performance and transition
readiness.
• Global average ETI scores increased by 6% since 2015 but 3-year compound annual
growth rate (CAGR) is slowing to 0.22% in 2024 from .83% in 2021.
• 83% of countries have moved backwards from last year in at least one of the three
energy system performance dimensions — security, equity and sustainability.

India Specific:

• Renewable energy and biomass comprise 42% of India’s power generation

capacity, making it the fourth-largest renewables market globally.
• India's per capita emissions, at 1.7 tonnes of CO2, are already 60% lower than the
global average of 4.4 tonnes of CO2 per capita.
• With annual investments nearing $10 billion, India is driving the adoption of electric
vehicles (EVs) and the production of green hydrogen.

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13. Global Economic Prospects - June 2024
• Released by: World Bank
• About: Global economic developments and prospects, with a special focus on emerging
market and developing economies
• Publication: Semiannual basis (in January and June)
Key Findings:
Real GDP:

% differences from
January 2024 projections
2023 2024 2025 2026
2024 2025

World 2.6% 2.6% 2.7% 2.7% .2 0

Advanced 1.5% 1.5% 1.7% 1.8% .3 .1

Economies

EMDEs 4.2% 4% 4% 3.9% .1 0

South Asia 6.6% 6.2% 6.2% 6.2% .6 .3

India 8.2% 6.6% 6.7% 6.8% .2 .2

Table: % change from previous year

Note:

* GDP growth rates are on a fiscal year (FY) basis (on a calendar year basis), but for India column
for 2023 refers to FY2023/24 and so on.

* EMDEs - Emerging Market and Developing Economies

Global:

• For the first time in 3 years, the global economy is showing signs of stabilisation in
2024.
o However, in 2024-25, growth is set to underperform its 2010s average in
nearly 60% of economies, representing more than 80% of global population
and world output.
• By 2026, countries that are home to more than 80% of the world’s population would
still be growing more slowly on average, than they were in the decade before
COVID-19.
• Global inflation is projected to moderate but at a slower clip than previously
assumed, averaging 3.5% this year.
o The persistence of inflation could lead to delays in monetary easing.
• Average benchmark policy interest rates over the next few years are expected to
remain about double the 2000-19 average.

Regional Prospects:

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 • Growth is projected to soften in most EMDE regions in 2024.
o In EMDEs with ample fiscal space and a record of efficient government
spending, scaling up of public investment by 1% of GDP can increase output
by up to 1.6% over the medium term.

India Specific:

• India is set to remain the fastest-growing major economy globally, though its
growth rate is expected to slow.
o India’s economy has been buoyed by strong domestic demand, with a surge
in investment, industrial and robust services activity.
• Inflation in India has remained within the Reserve Bank’s target range of 2-6%
since September 2023, contributing to a stable economic environment.

14. World Investment Report 2024: Investment facilitation and digital

government
• Released by: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
• About:
o Trends in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) worldwide, at the regional and country
levels and emerging measures to improve its contribution to development.
o Analysis of global value chains and the operations of multinational enterprises

Key Findings:

International investment trends:

Economic grouping and region 2023 Value Change (from 2022)

With European intermediary $1.3 trillion Decreased by 2%

World
Without European intermediary - Over 10% lower

Developed countries $464 billion Increased by 9%

Developing countries $867 billion Decreased by 7%

Drop in developing countries is mainly due to a

drop in developing Asia.
Developing Asia $621 billion Decreased by 8%

Least Developed Countries (LDCs) $31 billion (2.4% of Increased by 17%

global FDI flows)
Investment policy trends
• Developing countries mostly aim to promote investment with 86% favourable
measures, while developed countries tend to be more restrictive with 57% less
favourable measures.
• In 2023, 29 new international investment agreements (IIAs) were concluded, less
than half being traditional bilateral treaties.

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 Table: Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows by economic grouping/region and percentage change
with trends
• Foreign direct investment inflows, top host economies (2023)

Rankings Findings

1. United States • USA accounted for almost a quarter of the global

2. China total of FDI inflow: $311 billion.
• Among the top 20 host economies, the largest
3. Singapore
absolute drops were registered in France,
4. Hong Kong, China Australia, China, the United States and India, in that
order.
5. Brazil • Only Singapore registered a significant gain.

15. India • Declined from 8th position in 2022.

• FDI flows to India declined by 43% in 2023 to $28
billion.
Table: Foreign direct investment inflows, top host economies (2023)

• Foreign direct investment outflows:

• Top 5 recipients by number of projects:

• Tight financing conditions led to a 26% fall in international project finance deals,
critical for infrastructure investment.
o As a result, investment in sectors linked to the Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs) fell by more than 10%.

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 o Agrifood systems and water and sanitation registered fewer internationally
financed projects in 2023 than in 2015, when the goals were adopted.

Sustainable finance trends:

• In 2023, the value of sustainable investment products, encompassing bonds and

funds, increased by 20% to more than $7 trillion.
• Governments in both developed and developing economies are accelerating
sustainable finance policymaking, with developing countries becoming increasingly
active and accounting for about 60% of new policy measures in 2023.

15. Sustainable Development Report 2024: The SDGs and the UN Summit of
the Future
• Released by: UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network’s (SDSN) SDG
Transformation Center
• About: Reviewing progress made each year on the Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs) since their adoption by the 193 UN member states in 2015.
• Edition: 9th
• Publication: Annually since 2016
Note: This report is distinct from the Global Sustainable Development Report.
Important Rankings:
Overall SDG Index:

1. Finland (Score: 86.5)

2. Sweden
Global - Top 3. Denmark
4. Germany
5. France
Ranked: 109th
India Specific
Score: 63.99
Table: Rankings

• The report’s new Index of support to UN-based multilateralism (UN-Mi) ranks

countries based on their engagement with the UN system – including treaty ratification,
votes at the UN General Assembly, membership in UN organizations, participation in
conflicts and militarization, use of unilateral sanctions, and financial contributions to the
United Nations.
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• Each country's actions can have positive or negative effects on other countries' abilities
to achieve the SDGs which are covered under Spillover Rankings.

2024 Index of Countries’ Support to UN-Based Multilateralism (UN-Mi):

• Scores on a scale from 0–100 using the min-max method, where 0 corresponds to low
support and 100 to high support.
Top Bottom India Specific

1. Barbados 193. United States Ranked: 139th

2. Antigua and Barbuda 192. Somalia Score: 63.5

3. Uruguay 191. South Sudan -

Table: Rankings
• The average UN-Mi across all 193 UN member states is 65 and the median is 70.
• 90% of the world’s population lives in a country with an UN-Mi score above 50.

Spillover Rankings:

• Index assesses such spillovers along 3 dimensions: environmental & social impacts
embodied into trade, economy & finance, and security.
o A higher score means that a country causes more positive and fewer negative
spillover effects.
Top Global: 1st - Sierra Leone India: 27th

Table: Rankings

Key Findings:
• On average, only 16% of the SDG targets are on track to be met globally by 2030,
with the remaining 84% showing limited progress or a reversal of progress.

Figure: 17 UN SDGs

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 o At the global level, SDG progress has been stagnant since 2020, with SDG
2, SDG 11, SDG 14, SDG 15 and SDG 16 particularly off track.
o The 5 SDG targets on which the highest proportion of countries show a
reversal of progress since 2015 are: obesity rate (under SDG 2), press
freedom (under SDG 16), the Red List Index (under SDG 15), sustainable
nitrogen management (under SDG 2), and life expectancy at birth (under SDG
3).
• The pace of SDG progress varies significantly across country groups.
o Since 2015, BRICS (Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, China, and South
Africa) and BRICS+ countries (Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the
United Arab Emirates) has outpaced the world average.
o In regions East and South Asia has made the greatest progress.
o The gap between the world's average SDG performance and that of the
poorest and most vulnerable countries, including Small Island Developing
States (SIDS), has widened since 2015.
• Sustainable development remains a long-term investment challenge.
o Mobilizing the necessary levels of finance will require new institutions, new
forms of global financing (including global taxation), and new priorities for
global financing (such as investing in quality education for all).
o 5 complementary strategies outlined to reform the global financial
architecture:
▪ Increase the scale of financing from official sources.
▪ Increase the scale and performance of national development banks
that are mission-oriented and fit for purpose for providing patient,
long-term financing to achieve the SDGs.
▪ Institute global taxation in order to mobilize sufficient global resources
to provide the necessary global public goods.
▪ Reform the private capital markets and their regulation (including the
system of credit ratings) to support larger private flows of capital into
the low-income and lower-middle-income countries.
▪ Restructure existing debts.
• Global challenges require global cooperation.
• The SDG targets related to food and land systems are particularly off-track.
o Globally, 600 million people will still suffer from hunger by 2030; obesity is
increasing; and greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, forestry, and
other land use (AFOLU) account for almost a quarter of total annual global
GHG emissions.

16. Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2023

• Released by: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
• About: Analyzing changes and trends in forcibly displaced populations for the previous
calendar year (from 1 January to 31 December), providing key statistics on global
numbers of refugees, asylum-seekers, internally displaced, and stateless people.
• Publication: Annually in June

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Key Findings:

• At the end of 2023, an estimated 117.3 million people worldwide were forcibly
displaced due to persecution, conflict, violence, human rights violations and events
seriously disturbing the public order.
o It constitutes a rise of 8% or 8.8 million people compared to the end of 2022
and continues a series of year-on-year increases over the last 12 years.
o 1 in every 69 people, or 1.5% of the world's population, is now forcibly
displaced, nearly double the 1 in 125 people who were displaced a decade
ago.
• Forced displacement has continued to increase in the first 4 months of 2024 and by
the end of April 2024 is likely to have exceeded 120 million.
• 6.1 million displaced people returned to their areas or countries of origin in 2023.

Refugees:

• The global refugee population increased by 7% to 43.4 million by the end of 2023,
more than tripling compared to a decade ago.
• The largest proportion of refugees globally were from Afghanistan and Syria, both
with 6.4 million each, and together equivalent to one-third of all refugees under
UNHCR’s mandate.
o These were followed by Venezuela and Ukraine.
• Low- and middle-income countries continue to host the majority (75%) of the
world’s refugees.
• In 2023, nearly 1.1 million refugees from 39 countries returned home from a total of
93 countries of asylum.
o 4 out of 5 of those returning were Ukrainian or South Sudanese.

Internally Displaced People (IDP) (displaced within their own countries):

• At the end of 2023, 68.3 million people remained internally displaced due to conflict
and violence.
o IDPs account for 58% of all forcibly displaced people.
o IDPs due to conflict or violence grew by 10% compared to the end of 2022.
o 9.1 million people were displaced within Sudan, the largest internally
displaced population ever reported.
▪ This was followed by Syria and the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Forced displacement and climate change:

• At the end of 2023, almost 3 in 4 forcibly displaced people were living in countries
with high-to-extreme exposure to climate-related hazards.
• Nearly 1 in 2 were living in countries where they also remained exposed to conflict.

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17. Annual Survey of Unincorporated Sector Enterprises (ASUSE) Results
for 2021-22 and 2022-23
• Released by: National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme
Implementation (MoSPI)
• About: Exclusively measuring various economic and operational characteristics of
unincorporated non-agricultural establishments in manufacturing, trade and other
services sectors (excluding construction).
• Reference Periods: April 2021 to March 2022 (ASUSE 2021-22) and October 2022 to
September 2023 (ASUSE 2022-23)
Background:

• Earlier, the NSO used to conduct ASUSE surveys at an interval of 5 years.

• ASUSE 2021-22, is the first full-fledged annual survey on ASUSE.

Unincorporated enterprises refer to business entities that are not legally incorporated
as a separate legal entity. e.g. - small businesses, sole proprietorships, partnerships etc.

Coverage of ASUSE:

• Geographically, ASUSE covers the rural and urban areas of whole of India (except the
villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands).
• Sector-wise, it captures unincorporated non-agricultural establishments belonging to
3 sectors viz., Manufacturing, Trade and Other Services.
• Ownership-wise, unincorporated non-agricultural establishments pertaining to
proprietorship, partnership (excluding Limited Liability Partnerships), Self-Help Groups
(SHG), co-operatives, societies/trusts etc. have been covered.

Key Findings from ASUSE 2021-22 and ASUSE 2022-23 results:

Key indicators of ASUSE 2021-22 and ASUSE 2022-23:

Indicator ASUSE 2021-22 (April ASUSE 2022-23 (October 2022 –

2021 – March 2022) September 2023)

Number of Establishments 5,97,02700 (5.97 crore) 6,50,48400 (6.50 crore)

+5.88% annual growth

Number of Workers 9,78,87900 (9.78 crore) 10,96,26000 (~11 crore)

+7.84% annual growth

Gross Value Added (Rs. 13,40,046 15,42,409

Crore)

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 Gross Value of Output 3,98,304 4,63,389
(GVO) (Rs.) per
Establishment

GVA (Rs.) per 2,25,362 2,38,168

establishment (Rs.)

GVA per worker (Rs.) 1,38,207 1,41,769

Table: Highlights of indicators

Growth of Unincorporated Sector:

• Informal sector enterprises faced major setback in the second Covid lockdown but
recovered subsequently.
• Gross Value Added (GVA) grew by 9.83% annually, driven mainly by a 19.14% increase
in manufacturing GVA and an 18.90% increase in other services GVA.
• The number of establishments in the other services sector grew annually by 15.12%,
indicating robust expansion, while manufacturing establishments increased by 2.22%.

Labour Market and Employment opportunities:

• The highest annual employment growth was in the other services sector at 13.42%,
followed by the manufacturing sector at 6.34%.
• Most workers in the non-agricultural unincorporated sector are informal, with their
average annual earnings increasing from Rs.1,06,381 in 2021-22 to Rs. 1,10,982 in 2022-
23, reflecting improved wage conditions.
• Total workers employed in the informal sector in India at 109.6 million still remains below
the pre-pandemic period.

SECOND SECTION
18. Environmental Performance Index (EPI) 2024
• Released by: Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy, Yale University and Center
for International Earth Science Information Network, Columbia University (with support
from the McCall MacBain Foundation)
• About:
o Ranks 180 countries on their progress at mitigating climate change, safeguarding
ecosystem vitality, and promoting environmental health.
o Policy tool in support of efforts to meet the targets of the UN Sustainable
Development Goals, the Paris Agreement, and the Kunming-Montreal Global
Biodiversity Framework.
• Publication: Once every 2 years since 2002.
EPI Framework:

• Framework organizes 58 indicators into 11 issue categories and 3 policy objectives

(Ecosystem vitality, Climate Change, Environmental Health) with weights shown at
each level as a % of the total score.

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 • The 2024 EPI includes new metrics to evaluate the protection of crucial habitats and
tracks progress towards safeguarding 30% of lands and seas by 2030 as per the
Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.
• Scores are on a 0-100 scale, from worst to best performance.

Chart: 3 policy objectives and 11 issue categories

Details:

Rankings Key Findings

Top • No country scored above 80 in EPI 2024,

1. Estonia (75.3) highlighting that the world remains far from a truly
2. Luxembourg sustainable path.
3. Germany • European countries dominate the top 20 overall
4. Finland rankings.
5. United Kingdom o The Global West and Eastern Europe lead,
Bottom while Sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia
180. Viet Nam are at the bottom among 8 regions.
179. Pakistan • Biodiversity loss has become the most serious and
178. Laos irreversible environmental crisis after climate
177. Myanmar change.
• Despite more countries reducing GHG emissions,
only Estonia, Finland, Greece, Timor-Leste, and the
UK are on track to reach Net zero Emission target by
2050, per 2024 EPI trends.
• Emissions in major economies like the US are
decreasing too slowly, while they are still rising in
China, India, and Russia.
• All countries (except the UK) identified in the 2022
EPI report as on track to net zero emissions by 2050
have since fallen behind.

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 176. • Score: 27.6
• Improvement from the EPI 2022 in which India was
at the bottom (180th position).
• In Southern Asia, India is ranked 7th (out of 8),
Bhutan is ranked 1st.
India • India is currently the world’s 3rd-largest
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emitter, with total
emissions growing 32% over the past decade.
• India will require an additional $160 billion per year
in climate change mitigation investments to achieve
climate goals.

Table: Ranking and Findings

19. University Impact Rankings for 2024

• Released by: Times Higher Education
• About: Identifying and celebrating universities from 125 countries/regions that excel
across multiple United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Methodology:

• The rankings are based on calibrated indicators across 4 broad areas: Research,
Stewardship, Outreach, and Teaching.

Important Rankings:

Global India
1. Western Sydney University 81. Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
(Australia): 3 Year in row
rd

2. University of Manchester (United JSS Academy of Higher

Kingdom) Education and Research

2. University of Tasmania (Australia) Manipal Academy of Higher

101-200
Education (MAHE)
band
4. Aalborg University (Denmark) Shoolini University of
Biotechnology and
Management Sciences

5. RMIT University (Australia) 201-300 BS Abdur Rahman Crescent

band Institute of Science and
Technology
Table: Rankings- Global and India

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Key Findings:

• The top newcomer in 2024 is France’s Institut Agro at joint 21st.

• With 96 institutions, India is the most-represented nation, followed closely by
Turkey and Pakistan.

THIRD SECTION
1. Wealth Migration Report 2024
• Released by: Henley & Partners’
• About: Exclusive millionaire migration data
• Publication – Annual
Important Rankings:

Top Country Outflows Top Country Inflows

1. China (-15,200) 1. UAE (+6700)

2. UK 2. USA

3. India (-4300) 3. Singapore

4. South Korea 4. Canada

5. Russian Federation 5. Australia

Projected net outflows/inflows of millionaires for 2024

‘Millionaires’ refer to individuals with liquid investable wealth of USD 1 million or more

Country Wealth Stats:

Wealth Rank Millionaires (USD 1m+) Rank Billionaires (USD 1bn+) Rank

1. USA 1. USA 1. USA

2. China 2. China 2. China

3. Germany 3. Germany 3. India

10. India 10. India _

Key Findings:

• Around 4,300 millionaires are projected to leave India in 2024 and most likely choose
the UAE as their destination.
o In 2023 around 5,100 Indian millionaires relocated abroad.
o Between 2013 and 2023, Indian millionaires in the UAE increased by 85%.

2. Celebrity Brand Valuation Report 2023: Brands, Business, Bollywood

• Released by – Kroll

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• About - Ranking of India’s most powerful celebrity brands, based on brand values
derived from their brand endorsement portfolios and relative social media presence.
Important Rankings:
1. Virat Kohli (regained the top slot)
2. Ranveer Singh
3. Shah Rukh Khan (returned to the top 5 for the first time since 2020)
4. Akshay Kumar
5. Alia Bhatt
3. The Global Liveability Index 2024
• Released by – Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU)
• About – Quantifying the challenges presented to an individual’s lifestyle in 173 cities
worldwide
• Parameters – Assessment on 30 indicators divided into 5 categories: stability,
healthcare, culture and environment, education and infrastructure, with the aim of
showing how comfortable these cities are to live in.
Important Rankings:
Cities at Top Cities at Bottom

1. Vienna, Austria (for the 3rd year in a 173. Damascus, Syria

row)

2. Copenhagen, Denmark 172. Tripoli, Libya

3. Zurich, Switzerland 171. Algiers, Algeria

4. Melbourne, Australia 170. Lagos, Nigeria

5. Calgary, Canada and Geneva, 169. Karachi, Pakistan

Switzerland (Tie)
• Vienna, Austria Got perfect scores of 100 for 4 of the 5 categories, its score for
culture and environment was a less perfect at 93.5.
Key Findings:
• Average score increased to 76.1 out of 100 due to improvements in healthcare and
education in developing countries.
4. India 100 2024
• Released by – Brand Finance
• About – Most valuable and strongest Indian brands
• Publication – Annual
Most valuable Indian brand:
1. Tata Group (Position Retained)
2. Infosys
3. HDFC Group
2024 Sustainability Perceptions Index:

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• Among Indian brands, Tata Group has the highest Sustainability Perceptions Value.
• In assessing the gap between sustainability perceptions and performance, HDFC Bank
has the highest positive gap value among Indian brands.
Key Findings:
• Taj continues to grow in stature as strongest Indian brand ranked with AAA+ brand
strength rating.
• Fastest growing Indian brands: Westside leads with 122% growth in brand value, ahead
of Motherson (86%) & Sonata Software (83%).
• Tata Group's brand value marks the first time an Indian brand has approached the $30
billion mark.
5. Prime Global Cities Index - Q1 2024
• Released by – Knight Frank
• About – Tracking the performance of luxury residential prices across key global cities
on a quarterly basis.
Important Rankings (Global) - by annual % change:
1. Manila (Philippines)
2. Tokyo (Japan)
3. Mumbai (India)
4. Perth (Australia)
5. Delhi (India)
6. State of the Global Workplace 2024
• Released by – Gallup
• About – Representing the collective voice of global employees
• Publication – Annual
Key Findings:
• Globally, only 34% of employees felt they were thriving, down from 35% in 2023.
o Only 14% of Indian employees felt they were thriving.
• 52% of India's employed workforce were actively looking for new jobs, which is lower
than the South Asian average.
7. Surge: 2023 Global nuclear weapons spending
• Released by – International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN)
• About – Global nuclear weapons spending
• Edition – 5th
Key Findings:
• In 2023, 9 nuclear-armed states - China, France, India, Israel, North Korea, Pakistan,
Russia, the UK and US spent a combined $91.4 billion or $2,898 per second on their
nuclear arms.
o $10.7 billion (13.4%) more was spent on nuclear weapons in 2023 than in 2022.
• United States’ share of total spending, $51.5 billion, is more than all the other nuclear-
armed countries put together and accounts for 80% of the increase in nuclear weapons
spending in 2023.

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 o The next biggest spender were China and Russia.
8. Annual assessment of the state of armaments, disarmament and international
security - SIPRI Yearbook 2024
• Released by – Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI)
• About – Analysing on developments in armaments, disarmament and international
security
Key Findings:
• 9 nuclear-armed nations, including the US, Russia, France, China, India, and Pakistan,
continued to modernise their arsenals and deployed new nuclear-capable weapon
systems in 2023.
• Russia and the US hold almost 90% of all nuclear weapons, with their military
stockpiles remaining relatively stable in 2023.
• India's 'stored' nuclear warheads were 172 in January 2024, while Pakistan's were 170.
o India slightly expanded its nuclear arsenal in 2023.
9. Largest Domestic Aviation Markets
• Released by – OAG Aviation Worldwide Limited
• About – Aviation Markets
April 2024 Rankings:
1. USA
2. China
3. India (up from number 5 position a decade ago in 2014)
Key Findings:
• India surpassed the Brazilian and Indonesian domestic markets to become the 3rd-
largest domestic market.
10.Global Nitrous Oxide Budget (1980-2020)
• Released by – Global Carbon Project
• About – Nitrous oxide emissions
Key Findings:
• Planet-warming nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions grew by 40% between 1980 and 2020,
with China being the largest emitter, followed by India, the US, Brazil and Russia
respectively.
• 74% of the nitrous oxide emissions in the past decade came from the use of nitrogen
fertilizers and animal manure in agriculture.

11. Cost of Living City Ranking 2024

• Released by – Mercer
• About - Offering key insights of 226 cities for making informed decisions about global
mobility and international assignments.
Important Rankings:
Most expensive cities: Least expensive cities:
1. Hong Kong (Hong Kong) 226. Abuja (Nigeria)
2. Singapore (Singapore) 225. Lagos (Nigeria)
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3. Zurich (Switzerland) 224. Islamabad (Pakistan)
4. Geneva (Switzerland) 223. Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan)
5. Basel (Switzerland) 222. Karachi (Pakistan)

India Specific:
• Mumbai, ranked at 136th place remains India's most expensive city to live in.
o Climbed 11 places since last year.
• Other Indian cities in the top 200: New Delhi: 164th, Chennai: 189th , Bengaluru: 195th
• Mumbai is now ranked as the 21st most expensive for expats among the cities surveyed
in Asia, while Delhi is at the 30th position.
12. Provisional Estimates of Annual Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for 2023-24
• Released by: National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme
Implementation (MoSPI)
• About: Provisional Estimates (PE) of Annual GDP and Quarterly Estimates of GDP

Key Findings:

Annual Estimates and Growth Rates:

Metric FY 2023-24 Growth Rate (%) FY Growth Rate (%) FY

2023-24 2022-23: FRE
Real GDP ₹173.82 lakh crore 8.2 7.0

Nominal GDP ₹295.36 lakh crore 9.6 14.2%

Real GVA ₹158.74 lakh crore 7.2 6.7

Nominal GVA ₹267.62 lakh crore 8.5 _

* First Revised Estimates - FRE

• Real Gross Value Added (GVA) growth in 2023-24 was driven by a 9.9% increase in the
Manufacturing sector and a 7.1% increase in the Mining & Quarrying sector.

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