THE EFFECTS OF ENGAGING IN EARLY ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIP ON SOCIAL

BEHAVIOR OF SELECTED GRADE 12 ABM STUDENTS OF SENIOR HIGH IN

LYCEUM OF ALABANG S.Y. 2017-2018

An Undergraduate Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the

Basic Education Department (Senior High School):

Lyceum of Alabang Tunasan Muntinlupa City

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in

Practical Research 2 (Case Study Writing)

By:

Arandia, Arvin A.

Estiodola, Paulyn A.

Guitan, Gary E.

Maulion, Shaina Mae G.

Vargas, Joan A.

July, 2017
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers wish to express their sincerest and profound gratitude to the
following who contributed to this case study.

All the praises for the Almighty God who bestowed them with the ability and
potential to complete this case study.

To their parents, whose undying support and understanding allowed the

researchers to finish this case study work with honor.

To their adviser, Mr. Melecio, for steering them in right direction.

To their statistician, for the superb guidance to polish their work.

To their friends, for giving strength to be successful this case study.

And finally, to the respondents for taking time out of their busy schedule and
answering the survey with outmost integrity.
 DEDICATION

The researcher unconditionally dedicate this research to the people who served
as their inspiration.

To their families who had given them morally, physically, emotionally and
financially support they could give.

To their professors who served as their one of the researchers’ inspirations who
untiringly shared knowledge to them.

To their classmates who still helped them with the survey despite of being busy as
well as their moral support.

To their friends who stayed by their side and giving encouraged whenever they
feel tired.

Last but not the least, the researchers dedicate this research to the Almighty God
who provided and blessed them wisdom, strength and patience from the start until to the
end of this case study.
 Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

The study of adolescence has always been an interesting subjects to explore.

Adolescence is the vulnerable age of group in the society and it is a crucial development
period when individuals increasingly exert their independence from their family, from
close relationships with non-family, peers and often enter into their romantic relationship.
Nowadays, teenagers become more interested and involved in an early romantic
relationship because of the desire to belong with others, to experience and to know how
it feels like to love by someone you love. As a result, it is clear that over the time, romantic
relationship gain importance. Romantic relationship can be defined as involving love
between two people.

According to Erikson (1968), the key development task of adolescent is the

development of identity. Growing up as a teenager is usually pretty stressful and exciting
at the same time however when engaging into early romantic relationship it helps the
adolescents to open and broadens their mind from a child mind set that’s why Romantic
relationship can be a major developmental milestone. That is, early adolescents develop
a sense of themselves with their family, friends, romantic partners, and others. Romantic
experiences may play a role in the development of a sense of self or identity that affects
self-esteem and shapes personal values regarding romance, intimate relationship and
sexuality (Barber & Eccles, 2003).

Social behaviour is difficult to explore the reason behind, its study the actions
exhibited by individuals within society. The Big Five is currently the most reliable and well-
validated used to measure the psychometric perspective in personality psychology and
social behaviour. These five traits, according to many, the OCEAN of human personality,
as the acronym goes which means: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extroversion,
Agreeableness and Neuroticism. Openness that has to do with culture, originality or
intellect that appreciation of art, emotion, adventure, unusual ideas, curiosity and variety
of experience. Conscientiousness the tendency to show self-discipline, act dutifully and
aimed for achievement. Extroversion that has to do with energy, positive emotion, and
the tendency to seek stimulation and the company of others. Agreeableness is a tendency
to be compassionate and cooperative rather than suspicious and antagonistic towards
other. Lastly, Neuroticism had a tendency to experience unpleasant emotions easily, such
anger, anxiety, depression or vulnerability and this is sometimes called the negative
emotionality or emotional instability.

According to Albert Bandura (1979) tells us that when we’re young, what we see
on the behaviour of our environment is the result of us in dealing situations. Because we
adopted it from the persons who watch our growth. We are using these people as our role
models in building our behaviour in the near future in the society, children are surrounded
by many influential models, such as parents, peers and etc. Children pay attentions to
some of these people encode their behaviour. At a later time they may imitate the
behaviour they have observed. Thus, the child is more likely to attend to and imitate those
people it perceives as similar to itself. Some of teenagers are engaging in romantic
relationship because they imitate or copy the behaviour on what they saw in the society.

But first and foremost, is there a significant relationship between early romantic
relationships on social behaviour? At what age does the respondents engage in a
romantic relationship? How may the social behaviour of the respondents be describe in
terms of: openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness and neuroticism?
These are some of the questions that we want to find out.
Background of the study

Romantic relationship is first-rate developmental milestone and conveys lots of

emotion ups and downs. Many young adults spend plenty of time questioning and talking
approximately being in dating. Now a days being in a relationship as a teenager lasts only
a few week or months. It is because they just curious on what and how does it feels when
you are engage in early romantic relationship or they are not serious about this matter.
Therefore, it has an effect on them especially on their social behavior when it comes in
engaging in early romantic relationship.

As this new born generation exist teenager tends to belong their peer or
partnership through early romantic relationship and this case drives the researcher to
choose such connected topic in today’s teenager. We prefer to give information and
recommendation to our fellow students/teenagers for the effect of early romantic
relationship to their social behaviour.

The purpose of the study is to explore different effect of early romantic relationship
to teenager’s social behaviour. And tend to eliminate such problems towards its. We
would like to contribute recommendation for their future action as for them to be matured
enough. For the recommendation that contains different ways to adjust their action for
their social behaviour factors, this will be their guide and lead them to a nicer relationship.
Lastly, we conduct this research for the purpose of meeting of our curiosity toward the
topic and discovered the effect of early romantic relationship to the social behaviour of
students by us.

This study aims to know the effects of engaging in early romantic relationship on
social behaviour, the demographic profile of the respondents. Also age of the respondents
engage in a romantic relationship and the social behaviour in terms of the Big Five. The
researcher wants to find out what the teenagers should and should not do when entering
in romantic relationship. As well as to know what might be the effects on student's social
behaviour. Because of today's time, a lot of adolescents engaged in early romantic
relationship. Researchers want to inform, explain to them and provide accurate
information on this kind of issue.
Theoretical Framework

This study focuses on reference relevant to literature, concepts together with their
definitions, articles and theories gathered around the internet about the early romantic
relationship on social behaviour.

According to Sigmund Freud (1856-1953) psycho-analytic theory believed that

children are born with sex drive. There are some the time when a person is a child, during
which the child looks for pleasure because from a different object. Early in life, kids have
a habit or desire to look the spot of pleasure. They need pride, and they keep away from
pain to the best in their abilities. But, as kids develop, they become greater practical about
their desires as they begin to take into account that at events they should tolerate pain
and delay pleasure. Without a doubt due to the restrictions of ways of living. Once this
awakens or awareness takes location, kids start to operate under the truth of thinking
which anyway for pride, however in a manner that does not dismiss the restrictions in fact.

However, even if working beneath the truth rule, a person may also anyway
experience extreme fear and stress related, depression, and other behavioural
disturbances while needs for pleasure are not met or while she or he reviews unwanted
pain mental something that’s different from what usually expected can happen if a stage
is not completed successfully and the people become "Fixated" in a particular stage. This
particular explanation of why something works or happens the way it does how’s adult
personality is figured out by or decided by the time when a person is a child experiences.
In point, it's natural that we're experiences.

Even though Salzman and Sullivan (1962) stated the self-dynamism or theory of
personality. Energy to refer to a typical pattern of behaviour. Energy may relate either to
clearly stated zones of body or to tensions. Sullivan, anyway formed one close between
people explanation of why something works or happen in the way it does Sullivan
believed, that such a relationship has the power to change an immature pre-teens into a
mentally healthy individual. Basic to Sullivan's (1953) explanation of why something
works or happens the way it does is the idea of social needs. He felt there were five basic
social needs that people to bring about certain types of between-people situations that
once received, decreased unpleasant (related to emotions) tensions and(help
increase/show in a good way) positive emotional states. These are needs are (a)
tenderness, (b) (state of spending friendly time with someone else), (c) acceptance, (d)
emotional closeness, and (e) sexuality.

Additionally to his theory to Sullivan, developmental goes forward through six

stages. At all but the last stage a new social need comes out that is added to the existing
needs. Sullivan also felt that at each stage there is a key relationship that is extremely
important for the fulfilment of the stage's need. The first stage in Sullivan's explanation
(of why something works or happens the way it does) extends through the (very beginning
stages) period, from birth to about two years of age. The need of this stage is for
tenderness. If gave, feeling security happen, if not gave, the infant feels upset (in bad
shape) and afraid/scary. In the (related to the time when a person is a child) stage, ages
2 to 5 or 6, "the need for adult participation is added- that is, a need for the interest and
participation of they become aware of the differences among them, and these differences
are used to decide/figure out the quality of something that makes people like it or want it
of children as companions.

In the fourth stage, pre-adolescence, extends from about nine years of age of
puberty. Here, the need for intimate exchange emerges motivated by desire to experience
love and avoid loneliness. The need for intimate exchange results in the establishment of
a new type of relationship, a “chumship.” A chumship is a collaborative relationship; that
is, it involves” clearly formulated adjustments of one’s behaviour to the expressed needs
of the other person in the pursuit increasingly identical- that is, more and more mutual
satisfactions. The last two stages of Sullivan theory cover the entire adolescent period,
extending from puberty through a young adulthood. Early adolescent, which begins with
puberty, sees the emergence of true genital interest or lust. There is also a change in the
object of the need for intimacy. That is, there is a growing interest in the possibility of
achieving intimacy with a sexual partner.

Conceptual Framework
 The objective of this study is to determine the effects of engaging in early romantic
relationship on social behaviour. Upon learning this, we can have a better understanding
and have an in-depth knowledge regarding their effects.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

The Demographic profile of the

respondents

• Age
• Sex -Tabulating and

The Level of early romantic interpreting data

relationship of the respondents: gathered through the

research questionnaires
• Below12 years old
The effects of engaging
• 13-14 years old - Survey
in early romantic
• 15-16 years old -Frequency and relationship on social
• 17 years old and above percentage behaviour perceived by

The social behaviour in terms of -Weighted mean selected Grade 12 ABM

the Big five: students

-Chi square
• Openness
• Conscientiousness
• Extroversion
• Agreeableness
• Neuroticism

FEEDBACK

Statement of the problem

Figure 1

Conceptual Paradigm of the Study

The following are the specific questions on the objectives of this research entitled: The
effects of engaging in early romantic relation on social behaviour. This aims to be the total
sole of this research. These questions will answer every possible question that may occur
about early romantic relation on social behaviour.

1. What are the demographic profile of the respondents/students?

1.1 Age

1.2 Sex

2. At what age does the respondents engage in a romantic relationship?

3. How may the social behaviour be describe in terms of the Big Five?

3.1 Openness

3.2 Conscientiousness

3.3 Extroversion

3.4 Agreeableness

3.5 Neuroticism

4. Is there is significant relationship between early romantic relationships on social

behaviour?

Hypothesis
“There is no significant relationship between early romantic relationship on social
behaviour “

Scope and Limitation of the study

The main purpose of this research is to know if early romantic relationship has an
effect to the social behaviour of the students. It covers the demographic profile of
respondents such as their name which is optional, gender, and age. Other side effects,
for instance; in physical behaviour, academic, mental health, family relation, social
interaction and etc. are not included in the said study.

Additionally, this research is limited only to the students of Lyceum of Alabang

(LOA) taking up Accountancy and Business Management (ABM) in their last year in
senior high (Grade 12) year 2017-2018. The number of chosen respondents will
approximately reach 150 in order to justify this research a reliable source of information.

Significance of the study

This significance of this study to intent if social behaviour that have an effects in early
romantic relationship of students.

The findings of this study may serve significant role to the:

Students. This will help them to be aware in what will be the possible effects on social
behaviour in engaging in early romantic relationship and also to set their minds on what
are the right things to do.

Parents. With the help of them. They can guide their children to be in a relationship and
how to handle it accurately. And also to build a trust on each other which can result an
open relationship between them.

Peers. They can be on their side to give them advice when it needed and they will know
what they are going to do when their friends are in romantic relationship.

Society. It will give a knowledge to everyone regarding on the effects of engaging in early
romantic relationship that will strengthen and avoided the overpopulation in our society.

Future Researcher. This research paper may enlighten them to conduct further study on
the said topic. The results of these will help the future researchers to enhance their
analysis in the situation of engaging in early romantic relationship. They will be able to
give more information and find something new that are not coverage of this study that will
lead awareness to everyone.

Teachers/Faculty. The information that they would get in this study would help them
guide and give proper attention to theirs student who are involved in romantic relationship
so that the teachers or the faculty members could also help behavioural changes of their
students not just by teaching them lessons as the subject they held.

Lyceum of Alabang/Institution. This study can enlighten the minds of the school
administrators to understand the students to be able to encourage them more in studying
and for them to assist and design the instructional materials, student activities and
programs that would be great help in equipping the potentials of students that will
establish and boost their morale and dignity as a unique individual.

Definition of Terms
Adolescence - the period of life when a child develops into an adult

Adulthood - the state or condition of being fully grown or mature

Approximately - used to show that something is almost but not completely accurate or
exact roughly

Behaviour - the way in which are acts or conducts are self especially towards others

Companionship - a feeling of fellowship or friendship

Dynamisms - the quality of being characterized by vigorous activity and progress

Engaging - charming and attractive

Fixated - someone to acquire an obsessive attachment to someone or something

Gratification - pleasure especially when gained from the satisfaction of a desire

Intimacy - close familiarity or friendship closeness

Romantic - conductive to or characterized by the expression of love

Self-esteem - confidence in one`s own worth or abilities self-respect

Social - relating to society or its organization

Sociologist - or expert in or students of the development structure and functioning of

human society

Tenderness - gentleness and kindness

Vulnerable - susceptible to physical or emotional attack or harm

Chapter II
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Related Literature

Foreign

According to Collins et.al (raising children Network Australia, 2007-2017)

Romantic relationships are a major developmental milestone. That can bring lots of
emotional ups and downs. For the parents these are some information about romantic
relationship that may engage on your child. Your family play a big part in the way child
thinks about teenage relationships. Romantic crushes tend not to last very long because
ideas of perfection often break down when child gets to know the other person better, but
your child`s intense feelings are real, it`s best to take it seriously and not make fun of
them.

Additionally according to the University Minnesota Health Center (2016). The

effects of relationships on well-being change/differ depending on the quality of the
relationship. Being in a positive, happy and supportive relationship improves your well-
being, while being unhappy or violent and cruel relationship can be very stressful.
Relationship conflicts can interfere with physical and mental health.

Moreover, according to (Karney, Beckett, Collins& Shaw, 2007) the developing

of a romantic relationship is considered as a good part of our life of course it was also
understand that adolescents functioning in teenage stage or romantic relationship so that
on suggested of adolescents had more romantic partners also romantic perception and
excitement. There are facilitate to successful transitions into adult relationship struggle to
achieve developmental tasks. Therefore many adolescents need to focus on their
community.

Based on Tyne Shaw (2016) Romantic relationships are very important to most
of us as humans and from personal experience they can affect our lives whether it be
negative or positive. The article is about how our thoughts and behaviours we experience
in close relationships have a strong ground in our early experiences with our parents or
people and what successful relationships are composed of. It defined successful
relationships as relationships that help a positive sense of self and your partner. She is
not surprised that the results of the study showed that how we experience relationship as
an adults are grounded in early caregiver.

Mehek Basdi (2016) stated the deep effects of early romantic relationship. You
become perceptive, you learn what you need to know to make a relationship last, the
desire is strongest at an early age which is why the relationships that start early, last
longer because as you grow up, when you are 'young', you don't have that much 'ego'
and you don't understand how the world works (e.g.: in Teenage), couples who come
together at an early age, practically grow up together and Early Romantic Relationships
also teach you how to 'move' on from being childish. These are the effects of having an
early romantic relationship.

Local

Santos (2016) Inquirer Net. Robert Mallariis stated that he is not in favour of
a Cagayan de Oro school's policy of prohibiting romantic relationships among its students.
The Catholic Educational Association of the Philippines (CEAP) shared this view, saying
that human relationships play a big role in the development of a person.
"Schools are places for us to continue building meaningful relationships," said Anthony
Coloma, CEAP fighting for something and information management officer.
"This is a critical big picture in which we build friendships and relationships that cut across
time. These are an important series of moments when we feed and care for loving and
life-giving relationships. We also learn ability to last through and the joy of work, brother-
based love, generous--even repeated--(state of mind where you no longer are angry at
or want to punish someone), and above all, wonderful/God-related worship in prayer and
the offering of one's life. We should not deny these opportunities to them,"

In addition, Coloma (2016) stated that "Women and men who have not been
enriched by the creation and construction of human relations and real/honest friendships
at a young age may find difficulty in building lifelong and intimate partnerships,” Golden
History Polytechnic College (not very long ago) forced on people a "true love waits" policy
on its students to prevent teenage pregnancies. School president Capt. Tito Dichosa said
his only wish was for his students to finish college. He added that he got frustrated
whenever a student got having a baby developing inside the body and stopped education.

According to Lucas & Corpuz (2007) quality personal relationship its provide a
good manner to social behaviour in our adolescents but this romantic relationship can
increase learners supposed to be this is sense of belonging, self-respect and self-
acceptance and provide to romantic learners. They are the social behaviour has
increased. We need to approach and motivate the properties of external stimuli in this
way adolescents who are more knowledgeable

Additionally, according to Arnet (as cited in fincham&Cui, 2011) The adolescents

within stage is the teenagers experienced how to be socially and how to manage of time
for other teenagers so we having a partner somehow this is a romantic relationship are
lead to pleasant and intense love affair. "What is life all about" This is all about to how a
good partner communicate in social behaviour and how to fit in the world as a adolescent
seek to find their place a broader on social world with looking forward this takes a several
routes to adolescents

Elevate, 2016 love knows of age. You can fell at any stage of your life. You can
feel it as early as young or also could be late. But this love is big thing to discuss,
especially to teenager who are engage with romantic relationship. He also said that “Real
love pushes us. But if we don’t know the “real love”, it can destroy us.”

Related study

Foreign
 Cited from Letcher & Slesnick, 2013. Their study is about early relationship of
adolescents. The purpose of this was to examine relationship between attachment
behaviour, substance use, and sexual activity among adolescents in romantic
relationship. A total of 21 adolescents couples (aged 5-13 years) were assessed on self-
report and observation measures of romantic attachment, substance use and sexual
activity. Because of the result, risk prevention programs targeted toward adolescents.

According to Allen & Meir, (2009). The objective of their study was to identify
and describe variations and romantic relationship experiences in young adulthood and
their antecedents in a longitudinal, multisite study of males and females. Beginning at age
19 to 25 they asked about their romantic relationship and if they were with the same or
new partners.

Moreover, according to Kristin Anne Wesner (2008). The purpose of their studies
was to gain understanding of many parts and faces of relationship social comparison.
Study1 used a survey design to decide the relative importance to one’s own relationship
of social comparison to the relationships of family members, friends, and media
representations/showings of romantic relationship and the effect of comparisons to
relationships of higher or lower quality on results of relationship quality and strength at a
follow-up three months later. Study 2 used an experimental design to explore the effects
of forced upward and downward relationship comparison to media representations of
relationships on the result of perceived relationship quality. They found out that there has
no big difference in relationship quality were found between those assigned to view the
positive against compared to/or negative media representations of romantic relationship
although people who judged newspapers, web sites and TV showing representations
relationships more negatively did experience a helping effect on their own relationship
happiness.

Additionally, according to Hocevar (2009) her study is about the examination of

the influence of Romantic Relationship on pro-social and antisocial behaviour during the
behaviour of emerging adulthood. Based on her study, there is growing sociological
interest in romantic relationship during the period of adolescence. When it comes with
age and the maturity, romantic partners can be the important source of reference, support
and influence that focusses on adult marriage effects. The result of her study indicate that
older respondents spend less time with their friends than younger respondents, appearing
friends become less of source of reference and support as adolescence mature into
emerging adulthood. The female respondents are less likely to be influenced by their
partner but when spending less time with their friends while dating are both males and
females. And also the results can be positively and negatively affected by their romantic
partners. Lastly, they can use their experience in their part relationships to work-out their
previous.

Furthermore, according to Zhiya et.al (2009) their study way about emotional
and behavioural effect of romantic relationship in Chinese adolescents been associated
with higher levels of depression, although their connections to make a behavioural
problems that remain unclear. The impact of romantic relationships has a large sample
of 10, 509 Chinese secondary school students age 12-19, 54.5% female. The results
presented that romantic involvement in adolescence, with more depressive symptoms
and behaviour problems. “Romantically involve girls experience higher levels of
depressive symptoms while romantically involved boys and higher levels of externalizing
behaviours compared to their non-dating peers”.

Local

Candice Malingin (2014) the researchers stated that their study was "Engaging an
early relationship is one of the factors why most of the third year students performed low
in (related to school and learning)". The respondents who responded were the selected
third year students. This way study was managed and done at the University of Cebu and
Mandanue. The study tried to gain understanding of the perceptions of the interview
related to teenage relationship and its results in one's (related to school and learning)
performance. Furthermore knowing more about this young love affairs can be more
successful by managing and doing a (school) course thinking about the said matter. This
can be a big help to the students, for them to understand the real basic, important qualities
of having an early relationships at young age.
 Cited from Irala et.a (2009) their study was all about relationships, love and
sexuality: What the Filipino teens think and feel. Students reported that they attained
information about love and sexuality from their friend but they valued parent’s opinion
more than friends. “In order to achieve a change among teens’ sexual behaviour, an
important step is to improve our knowledge about their opinions concerning relationship,
love and sexuality.”

As stated by Mapalad (2014) Early romantic relationship are common

everywhere however not all of us are true natural born, hopeful romantic. Yet they struggle
with this. It is not because they don’t want to enjoy with it their partner but there are things
are important that they need to do. Her study was conducted to discover whether or not
there is as association between the profile involvements in romantic relationship among
teenagers. Results showed that adolescents are generally satisfied with their romantic
relationships.

According to Austidillo (2017) this study tried to discover the general way a person
shows himself or herself to others ways of reaching goals used by Filipino college
students in their effort to establish close relationship. Relating to the effect of social
position, initiations and targets appear to differ in their preferences for four ways of
reaching goals. Unpredictably, male initiators are more likely to be appearance managers
than female initiators. The results of this study definitely shows that initiators of close
relationship are likely to put on different “Faces” in order to win their targets. In general,
the most appealing are those connected with the strategies of the skilful initiator and
emotional closeness generator while those that are least appealing come close to the
ways of reaching goals employed by appearance managers and social exchangers. As
shown or proven true by the results, there are other factors that may account for difference
in people’s attitude toward and preference for the way a person shows himself or herself
to the other ways of reaching goals.

Moreover, according to Ann Meier and Gina Allen (2009) in transforming society,
early studies focus only on roles of parents and their usual relationship with the peers in
moulding the young ones. As a matter of fact, no specific research has been conducted
in studying adolescent romantic relationship. But early studies can be traced focusing on
sexual relationship, short term relationship and others. However, past decades seems to
be a critical point of time where adolescent romantic relationship studies are already
conducting. This has been studied as it affects to human behaviour and well-being of a
person that can greatly his or her social development towards social growth. More
research has been done related to this topic considering many factors such as age, race,
culture, economic and social conditions and others. Given these results, risk
prevention/intervention programs targeted toward adolescents may benefit from
assessing attachment representations of adolescents, which may be related to
participation in risk behaviour

Chapter III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
 This chapter will contain the research design and methodology that will be used in
the conduct of this study. It will combine the sampling technique, sources of data, the
research subject, population of the student. The instrument will be utilized to gather data
as well as the statistical tool in processing the data to be used.

Research Design

This study will use the correlational survey type of quantitative and descriptive
research method which helped the researchers to gather data and to determine the
effects of engaging early romantic relationship on social behaviour

This study will utilized the data gathered and treated from the 100% the population
of Grade 12 ABM students where personal profile such as name, age, and sex.

Respondent of the Study

The researcher will conduct the study in Lyceum of Alabang located at Tunasan,
Muntinlupa City. The researcher will use the Accountancy and Business Management
(ABM) students from Grade 12 with a total of 242 students and a number total of 436
students to stand up as their respondents in 1st quarter of 1st semester of S.Y 2017-2018.

Sampling Techniques

The researcher will adopt the method of non-scientific purposive random sampling
technique will use to develop the sample of the research under discussion. The research
will get 100% population of Grade 12 ABM known by their section.
 According to Freedman et.al, 2017 this method which belongs to the category of
non-probability sampling techniques, sample members will select on the basis of their
knowledge and expertise regarding a research subject in the current study, the sample
members who will select is engage in early romantic relationship.

Research Instrument

In this study, a validated, self-made survey questionnaire as the research

instrument in gathering and collecting data with graded scale treatments that will be used
to achieve the main objective of the study. These are distributed in ABM students of the
Lyceum of Alabang to know the effects of engaging early romantic relationship on social
behaviour on ABM students. The questionnaire will structure in such a way that the
respondents can answer it easily.

The questionnaire are divided into three (3) parts. The first part is all about the
demographic profile of the respondents in relation to their name, age, and sex..

The second part is about the level of early romantic relationship of the ABM
students. A scale of 1-4, ranging from the degree of child, young child, middle child and
adolescence are used to rate the students level of early romantic relationship. The
respondents are requested to check the box that corresponds to their answers.

Legend:

• 4 – Child
• 3 – Young child
• 2 – Middle Child
• 1 – Adolescence

And last, the third part is answering how may the social behaviour of the
respondents may be describe in terms of the Big Five: Openness, Conscientiousness,
Extroversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism. A scale of 1-4, ranging from the degree of
Always, Often, Sometimes and never are used to rate the students level of awareness.
The respondents are requested to check the box that corresponds to their answers.
Legend: • 4 – Always
• 3 – Often
• 2 – Sometimes
• 1 – Never

The Neutral part of the scale is not used to prevent the respondents from safe
answer in order to get the level of early romantic relationship and the social behaviour of
the respondents may be describe in terms of the Big Five: Openness, Conscientiousness,
Extroversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism. Recommendation also include to utilize
and support the data that will gather from the survey questionnaire.

After the validation, the researchers administered the instruments to the

respondents of the study.

Data Gathering

In line with data gathering, the researcher will seek the information from the head
of ABM before administering the questionnaire to the students. Once the permission was
granted, researchers will be distributing the questionnaire to the respondents personally.
The researchers will provide the questionnaire which was carefully designed to
accommodate the respondents. The researchers will assist the respondents in answering
the questionnaire truthfully. The questionnaire was formulated with the aid of available
resources and facts from the internet, textbooks and studies related to romantic
relationship on social behaviour of ABM students. The researchers will have gather data
from the respondents through the use of those questionnaires which were administer by
the researchers themselves. The result will be recorded and studied according to the
frequency of items check by the respondents. After data presentation, the results will
interpret using various statistical tools such as percentage, weighted mean and chi-
square.

The researchers also performed advance reading of articles about the subject from
the books and other materials related to this topic to acquire more facts about the study.
The results of this technique that will use in data gathering help the research team to
arrive at the interpretation of the study.
Statistical Treatment of the Data

The data gathered by the researchers will be categorized according to the

problems formulated in the research design. For the purpose of presenting, summarizing
and analysing clear and precise data, the following are the statistical treatments that will
be used in our study.

1. Percentage.

The percentage is used to interpret the data gathered from the responses
of the respondents on the questionnaire according to its profile variables such as
age, gender and different grade level as well as their knowledge on the news every
day that we face.

On the other hand, the percentage of the items will be computed by dividing
it with the sample total number of respondents who participated in the survey. The
formula used in the application of technique is:

P = ƒ X 100
n

Where:
P = Percentage

F = Frequency

N = Number of Respondents

100 = Constant Value

2. Weighted Mean

This is treated statistically using the weighted mean formula. The

statistical technique will be use to determine and measure the average
responses of the different options provided in the various parts of the
questionnaire used. The formula is:

∑𝐟𝐱
𝒙= 𝒏

Where:

X = weighted mean

∑ƒ x = the sum of the products of ƒ and n (ƒ being the frequency of

each weight and x as the weight of each operation)

N = the total number of respondents.

3. Chi-square

A chi-squared test, also written as test, is any statistical hypothesis

test wherein the samling distribution of the test statistics is a chi-squared
distribution when the null hypothesis is true. Without other qualification,
‘chi-squared test’ often is used as short for Perason’s chi-squared test.

Chi-squared tests are often constructed from a sum of squared

errors, or through the sample variance. Test statistics that follow a chi-
squared distribution arise from an assumption of independent normally
distributed data, which is valid in many cases due to the central limit
theorem. A chi-squared test can be used to attempt rejection of the null
hypothesis that the data are independent.

Also considered a chi-squared test is a test in which this is

asymptotically true, meaning that the sampling distribution (if the null
hypothesis is true) can be made to approximate a chi-squared distribution
as closely as desired by making the sample size large enough. The chi-
squared test is used to detemine whether there is a significant difference
 between the expected frequencies and the observed frequencies in one or
more categories.

The formula for the chi-square statistics used in the chi-square test is:

X𝟐𝒄= ∑ ( Oi – Ei )2
Ei

The subscript “c” are the degrees of freedom . “O” is your obsereved value and E is your
expected value.

CHAPTER VI

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Findings
 The findings of this study are arranged corresponding to the problems cited for
the study:

1. The Demographic profile of the respondents

1.1 Age

a. 3 or 2% of the participants at age of 16 years old

b. 95 or 63.33% of the participant at age of 17 years old

c. 46 or 30.67% of the participant at age of 18 years old

d. 5 or 3.33% of the participant at age of 19 years old

e. 1 or 0.67% of the participant at age of 20 year old

It implies therefore that majority of the respondents at age of 17 years old

1.2 Sex

a. Male respondents was all 44 or 29.33% of 150

respondents.

b. Female respondents was all 106 or 70.67% of 150

respondents.

It implies therefore that majority of the selected Grade 12 Accountancy,

Business and Management (ABM) senior high in Lyceum of Alabang were females
which outnumbered the males.

2. The age of the respondents engage in early romantic relationship:

a. 3 or 2% of the respondents at age of Below 12 years old

engaged in a romantic relationship.

b. 16 or 10.67% of the respondents at age of 13-14years old

engaged in a romantic relationship.
 c. 44 or 29.33% of the respondents at age of 15-16 years old
engaged in a romantic relationship.

d. 87 or 58% of the respondents at age of 17 years old and

above engaged in a romantic relationship.

It implies that therefore that majority of the respondents engaged in a romantic

relationship at age of 17 years old and above

3. The effects of early romantic relationship on social behaviour:

a. Openness have the mean frequency of 3.362 with the

description of Always.

b. Conscientiousness have the mean frequency of 3.444 with

the description of Always

c. Extroversion have the mean frequency of 2.822 with the

description of Often

d. Agreeableness have the mean frequency of 2.906 with the

description of Often.

e. Neuroticism have the mean frequency of 2.579 with the

description of Often.

4. Is there a significant relationship between early romantic relationships on social

behaviour?

a. 0 of social behaviour in Openness out 150 respondents at

age of Below 12 years old, 6 respondents at 13-14 years old,
11 respondents at 15-16 years old and 31 respondents in 17
years old and above.

b. Conscientiousness of social behaviour has 1 out of 150

respondents at age of Below 12 years old, 5 respondents at 13-
14 years old, 17 respondents at age of 15-16 years old and 34
respondents at age of 17 years old and above
 c. Extroversion of social behaviour has 0 out of 150
respondents at age of below 12 years old, 2 respondents at 13-
14 years old, 4 respondents at 15-16 years old and 7
respondents at age of 17 years old and above

d. Agreeableness of social behaviour has 0 out of 150

respondents at the age of Below 12 years old, 1 respondent at
age of 13-14 years old, 6 respondents at age of 15-16 years old
and 10 respondents at age of 17 years old and above

e. 2 out of 150 respondents of social behaviour in Neuroticism

at the age of below 12 years old, 2 respondents at age of 13-
14 years old, 3 respondents at age of 15-16 years old and 8
respondents at age of 17 years old and above

It reveals that there is no significant relationship between early romantic

relationships on social behaviour.

Conclusion

Based on the findings on this study, the following conclusion were drawn from the
1. The survey form shows that the respondents in terms of gender the dominant of
the students is female than male, 70.67% female correspondents or 106 out of 150
respondents and 29.33% male correspondents or 44 out of 150 respondents.
2. In survey form shows that the respondents in terms of age is commonly at the
age of 17 years old.
3. There were no significant relationship between early romantic relationships on
social behaviour.
4. As per analysis of the collected data, the highest mean in Big Five of Social
behaviour is conscientiousness got 3.444 mean the description is always.