914 Functions, Limits, Continuity and Differentiability

x2 8.

If f (x) = 
x, when 0 ≤ x ≤ 1
, then lim f (x) =
162. Range of the function f (x) = is [Orissa JEE 2005]
2
x +1  2 − x, when 1 < x ≤ 2 x →1

(a) (–1, 0) (b) (–1, 1) (a) 1 (b) 2

(c) [0, 1) (d) (1, 1) (c) 0 (d) Does not exist
163. The function f satisfies the functional equation log x
 x + 59  9. lim = [RPET 1996; MP PET 1996; Pb. CET 2002]
3 f ( x) + 2 f   = 10 x + 30 for all real x ≠ 1 . The value x →1 x −1
 x −1  (a) 1 (b) –1
of f (7) is [Kerala (Engg.) 2005] (c) 0 (d) ∞
(a) 8 (b) 4
x n − 2n
(c) –8 (d) 11 10. If lim = 80 , where n is a positive integer, then n =
x →2 x−2
(e) 44
(a) 3 (b) 5
164. If e x = y + 1 + y 2 , then y = [MNR 1990, UPSEAT 2000]
(c) 2 (d) None of these
e x + e−x e x − e−x 1 − cos 2 x
(a) (b) 11. lim = [MNR 1983]
2 2 x →0 x
(c) e x + e − x (d) e x − e − x (a) 0 (b) 1
165. Let f : (2, 3) → (0, 1) be defined by f (x) = x − [ x] then (c) 2 (d) 4
f −1 (x) equals
x
[Orissa JEE 2005]  2
12. lim  1 +  =
(a) x − 2 (b) x + 1 x →∞ x
(c) x − 1 (d) x + 2 1
(a) e (b)
Limits e
(c) e 2 (d) None of these
 1
 x sin , x≠0 (2 x − 3)( x − 1)
1. If f (x) =  x , then lim f (x) = 13. lim = [IIT 1977]
x →0
 0, x=0 x →1 2x 2 + x − 3

[IIT 1988; MNR 1988; SCRA 1996; UPSEAT 2000, 01] (a) –1/10 (b) 1/10
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) –1/8 (d) None of these
(c) –1 (d) None of these 14. If lim kx cosec x = lim x cosec kx , then k =
x →0 x →0
3
x cot x
2. lim = [AI CBSE 1988; DSSE 1988] (a) 1 (b) –1
x →0 1 − cos x
(c) ±1 (d) ± 2
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) –2 e1 / x − 1
x 15. lim =
x(e − 1) x →0 e1 / x + 1
3. lim =
x →0 1 − cos x (a) 0 (b) 1
(a) 0 (b) ∞ (c) –1 (d) Does not exist
(c) –2 (d) 2 log cos x
1 16. lim =
4. lim = x →0 x
x →1 | 1 − x |
(a) 0 (b) 1
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) ∞ (d) None of these
(c) 2 (d) ∞
sin 2 x
n(2n + 1) 2 17. lim = [MNR 1990; UPSEAT 2000]
5. lim = x →0 x
2
n→ ∞(n + 2)(n + 3n − 1) (a) 0 (b) 1
(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 1/2 (d) 2
(c) 4 (d) ∞
f ( x) − 3
n 18. If f (9) = 9 , f ' (9) = 4 , then lim =
6. lim = x →9 x −3
n→ ∞ n + n+1
[IIT 1988; Karnataka CET 1999]
(a) 1 (b) 1/2
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 0 (d) ∞
(c) –2 (d) –4
3x − a − x + a
7. lim = | x|
x →a x−a 19. lim = [Roorkee 1982; UPSEAT 2001]
x →0 x
(a) 2a (b) 1 / 2a (a) 1 (b) –1
(c) 2a (d) 1 / 2a (c) 0 (d) Does not exist
 Functions, Limits, Continuity and Differentiability 915

x+h− x 32. lim (sec θ − tan θ ) = [IIT 1976; AMU 1999]

20. lim = [Roorkee 1983] x →π / 2
h→0 h (a) 0 (b) 1/2
1 1 (c) 2 (d) ∞
(a) (b)
2 x x tan 2 x − x
33. lim = [IIT 1971]
x →0 3 x − sin x
(c) 2 x (d) x
(a) 0 (b) 1
2x − 1 (c) 1/2 (d) 1/3
21. lim = [IIT 1983; Karnataka CET 1999]
x →0 (1 + x)1 / 2 − 1 x
34. lim =
x →0 | x | + x 2
(a) log 2 (b) log 4
(c) log 2 (d) None of these (a) 1 (b) –1
(c) 0 (d) Does not exist
1 − cos mx
22. lim = [Kerala (Engg.)2002] sin ax
x →0 1 − cos nx 35. lim =
x →0 sin bx
(a) m / n (b) n / m (a) a / b (b) b / a
2
m n2 (c) 1 (d) None of these
(c) (d)
n2 m2 sin x o
36. lim =
e sin x
−1 x →0 x
23. lim =
x →0 x (a) 1 (b) π / 180
(a) 1 (b) e (c) Does not exist (d) None of these
(c) 1/e (d) None of these x 2 − a2
37. lim = [RPET 1995]
x →a x − a
24. lim x ( x + 5 − x ) =
x →∞
(a) 4a (b) 1
(a) 5 (b) 3 (c) 2a (d) 0
(c) 5/2 (d) 3/2 (x + 2)5 / 3 − (a + 2)5 / 3
x −1 38. lim = [AI CBSE 1991]
25. lim = [IIT 1976] x →a x−a
x →1 2x 2 − 7 x + 5 5 5
(a) (a + 2) 2 / 3 (b) (a + 2)5 / 3
(a) 1/3 (b) 1/11 3 3
(c) –1/3 (d) None of these 5 2/3 5 5/3
(c) a (d) a
sin x 3 3
26. lim = [IIT 1975; MP PET 2004]
x →∞ x
 2
(a) 1 (b) 0  , when x < 3
39. If f (x) =  5 − x , then
(c) Does not exist (d) None of these  5 − x, when x > 3
1 + sin x − 1 − sin x (a) lim f (x) = 0 (b) lim f (x) = 0
27. lim = x →3+ x →3−
x →0 x
(c) lim f (x) ≠ lim f (x) (d) None of these
(a) –1 (b) 1 x →3+ x →3−

(c) 2 (d) –2 cos ax − cos bx

40. lim = [AI CBSE 1988]
2 sin 2 3 x
x →0 x2
28. lim = [Roorkee 1982; DCE 1999]
x →0 x2 a2 − b 2 b 2 − a2
(a) (b)
(a) 6 (b) 9 2 2
(c) 18 (d) 3 (c) a 2 − b 2 (d) b 2 − a 2
sin α − cosα 2
cot θ − 3
29. lim = [IIT 1977] 41. lim =
α →π / 4 π x →π / 6 cosec θ − 2
α−
4 (a) 2 (b) 4
(a) 2 (b) 1 / 2 (c) 6 (d) 0
(c) 1 (d) None of these (1 + x)5 − 1
42. lim =
30. lim tan x log sin x = [MNR 1989] x →0 (1 + x) 3 − 1
x →π / 2
(a) 0 (b) 1
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 5/3 (d) 3/5
(c) –1 (d) None of these
x 9 + a9
31. If n is an integer, then lim (x − [n]) = 43. If lim = 9 , then a =
x →n + 0 x →a x+a
(a) 0 (b) 1 (a) 9 1 / 8 (b) ±2
(c) –1 (d) None of these (c) ±3 (d) None of these
 916 Functions, Limits, Continuity and Differentiability
xe 1 / x  Σn 2 
44. lim = 55. lim  3  = [AMU 1999; RPET 1999, 2002]
x →0 + 1 + e1 / x n→ ∞  n
 
(a) 0 (b) 1
1 1
(c) ∞ (d) None of these (a) − (b)
6 6
45. lim[ x] =
x →1 1 1
(c) (d) −
(a) 0 (b) 1 3 3
(c) Does not exist (d) None of these 56. If f (a) = 2, f ' (a) = 1, g(a) = −1; g' (a) = 2 , then
sin 2 x + sin 6 x g(x) f (a) − g(a) f (x)
46. lim = [AI CBSE 1988; AISSE 1988] lim = [DCE 1999;
x →0 sin 5 x − sin 3 x x →a x−a
(a) 1/2 (b) 1/4 Karnataka CET 1999; MP PET 1995; Pb. CET 2004]
(c) 2 (d) 4 (a) 3 (b) 5
 θ  (c) 0 (d) –3
 sin 
47. The value of lim 4  is [MP PET 1993] sin x − sin α
θ → 0 θ  57. lim =
x →α x −α
 
  (a) 0 (b) 1
(a) 0 (b) 1/4 (c) sin α (d) cosα
(c) 1 (d) Not in existence
x 2 + a2 − x 2 + b 2
 x 2 + bx + 4  58. lim =
48. The value of lim  2  is [MP PET 1993] x →∞
x 2 + c2 − x 2 + d 2
x →∞ x + ax + 5 
 
(a) b/a (b) 1 a2 − b 2 a2 + b 2
(a) (b)
(c) 0 (d) 4/5 c2 − d 2 c2 − d 2

2 f (r + h) − f (r ) a2 + b 2
49. If f (r ) = πr , then lim = (c) (d) None of these
h→0 h c2 + d 2
(a) πr 2 (b) 2πr 2x − π
59. lim = [IIT 1973]
x →π / 2 cos x
(c) 2π (d) 2πr 2
(a) 2 (b) 1
50. lim x log(sin x) =
x →0 (c) –2 (d) None of these
(a) –1 (b) log e 1 sin x − x
60. lim = [MNR 1980, 86]
(c) 1 (d) None of these x →0 x3
 ax − b x  1 1
(a) (b) −
51. lim =
 [EAMCET 1988; RPET 1995] 3 3
x →0
 x 
1 1
b  a (c) (d) −
(a) log  (b) log  6 6
 a b
(a + h) 2 sin(a + h) − a 2 sin a
a 61. lim = [IIT 1989]
(c) (d) log ab h→0 h
b
(a) a cos a + a 2 sin a (b) a sin a + a 2 cos a
 x3 
 sin x − x +  (c) 2a sin a + a 2 cos a (d) 2a cos a + a 2 sin a
52. lim  6 = [MNR 1985]
  x−3 
x →0
 x5  62. lim  = [MNR 1991]
x →3
   x − 2 − 4 − x 
(a) 1/120 (b) –1/120 (a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 1/20 (d) None of these (c) –1 (d) –2
53. lim[ x(a1 / x − 1)] , (a > 1) = x cos x − sin x
x →∞ 63. lim = [MNR 1984, 86]
x →0 x 2 sin x
(a) log x (b) 1
1 1
(a) (b) −
1 3 3
(c) 0 (d) − log
a (c) 1 (d) None of these
1 log(1 + x)  (x − 1)(2 x + 3)
54. lim − = 64. lim =
x →0 
x x2  x →∞ x2
(a) 1/2 (b) –1/2 (a) 1 (b) –1
(c) 1 (d) –1 (c) 2 (d) None of these
 Functions, Limits, Continuity and Differentiability 917

13 + 2 3 + 3 3 + ....... + n 3  x .2 x − x
65. lim  = 75. lim = [IIT 1980; BIT Ranchi 1983; RPET 2001]
x →∞  n4 x →0 1 − cos x
 
(a) 0 (b) log 4
1 1
(a) (b)
2 3 (c) log 2 (d) None of these
1 1 − cosθ
(c) (d) None of these 76. lim = [AI CBSE 1981, 91; DSSE 1981, 83]
4 θ →0 θ2
y2 (a) 1 (b) 2
66. lim = ........ , where y 2 = ax + bx 2 + cx 3
x →0 x 1 1
(c) (d)
(a) 0 (b) 1 2 4
(c) a (d) None of these sin 3θ − sinθ
77. lim = [AI CBSE 1984; DSSE 1984]
θ →0 sinθ
(1 + x)1 / 2 − (1 − x)1 / 2
67. lim = [Roorkee 1979; RPET 1996] (a) 1 (b) 2
x →0 x
(c) 1/3 (d) 3/2
(a) 0 (b) 1/2
tan x − sin x
(c) 1 (d) –1 78. lim = [IIT 1974; AI CBSE 1986, 90;
3
x →0 x3
x −1
68. lim = AISSE 1983, 86, 90; RPET 2000]
x →1 x 2 + 5x − 6 1 1
3 (a) (b) −
(a) 0 (b) 2 2
7
2
1 1 (c) (d) None of these
(c) (d) − 3
2 6
1 − cos x
79. lim = [AI CBSE 1987; AISSE 1987]
a + 2x − 3 x x →0 x
69. lim = [IIT 1978; Kurukshetra CEE 1996]
x →a 3a + x − 2 x 1
(a) 0 (b)
1 2 2
(a) (b)
3 3 3 1
(c) (d) None of these
2 2 3
(c) (d)
3 3 1− x
80. lim = [AI CBSE 1990]
−1 / 3 x →1 (cos −1 x) 2
1− x
70. lim = [AI CBSE 1991]
x →1 1 − x −2 / 3 1
(a) 1 (b)
1 1 2
(a) (b)
3 2 1
(c) (d) None of these
2 2 4
(c) (d) −
3 3 x 2 − tan 2 x
81. lim = [AI CBSE 1990]
(1 + x)n − 1
x →0 tan x
71. lim = [Kurukshetra CEE 2002] (a) 2 (b) –2
x →0 x
(a) n (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) None of these
(c) –1 (d) None of these 5θ cosθ − 2 sinθ
82. lim = [AI CBSE 1988]
θ →0 3θ + tan θ
 tan 3 x 
72. lim + cos x  = 3 3
x → 0 x  (a) (b) −
4 4
(a) 3 (b) 1
(c) 0 (d) None of these
(c) 4 (d) 2
sin(2 + x) − sin(2 − x)
1+ x − 1− x 83. lim =
73. lim = [AI CBSE 1989, 90; DSSE 1989] x →0 x
x →0 sin −1 x [AI CBSE 1983; AISSE 1982, 83]
(a) 2 (b) 1 (a) sin 2 (b) 2 sin 2
(c) –1 (d) None of these (c) 2 cos 2 (d) 2
(x + y) sec( x + y) − x sec x 2x 2 − 3 x + 1
74. lim = [AI CBSE 1990] 84. lim =
y →0 y x →∞ x2 −1
(a) sec x(x tan x + 1) (b) x tan x + sec x (a) 1 (b) 2
(c) x sec x + tan x (d) None of these (c) –2 (d) None of these
 918 Functions, Limits, Continuity and Differentiability
3 x 2 + 2x − 1 1 + cos 2 x
85. lim = 95. lim = [DSSE 1986; AI CBSE 1986]
x →∞ 2
2x − 3 x − 3 x →π / 2 (π − 2 x)2
(a) 1 (b) 3 (a) 1 (b) 2
3 3 1
(c) (d) − (c) 3 (d)
2 2 2
| x − 2| 1 − cos 6 x
86. lim = [AI CBSE 1985] 96. lim = [DSSE 1982]
x →2 x − 2
x →0 x
(a) 0 (b) 6
(a) 1 (b) –1
1
(c) Does not exist (d) None of these (c) (d) None of these
3
2 cos x − 1 sin mx
87. lim = [BIT Ranchi 1989; IIT 1990] 97. lim = [DSSE 1987]
x →π / 4 cot x − 1 x → 0 tan nx
1 1 n m
(a) (b) (a) (b)
2 2 m n
1 (c) mn (d) None of these
(c) (d) 1 3 sin x − sin 3 x
2 2 98. lim = [AISSE 1985]
x →0 x3
cos x − cos a
88. lim = [BIT Ranchi 1987] (a) 4 (b) –4
x →a cos x − cot a
1
1 1 (c) (d) None of these
(a) sin 3 a (b) cosec 2 a 4
2 2
x3
(c) sin 3 a (d) cosec 3 a 99. lim = [AISSE 1984; AI CBSE 1984]
x → 0 sin x 2

 π  π  1
2 3 sin + h  − cos + h  (a) 0 (b)
  6   6  3
89. lim = [BIT Ranchi 1987]
h→0 3h( 3 cos h − sin h) 1
(c) 3 (d)
2
2 3
(a) − (b) −  x, when x > 1
3 4 100. If f (x) =  2 , then lim f (x) =
4  x , when x < 1 x →1
(c) − 2 3 (d)
3 (a) x 2 (b) x
90. lim x = x
[Roorkee 1990] (c) −1 (d) 1
x →0 tan 3 x
101. lim = [MP PET 1987]
(a) 0 (b) 1 x →π / 2 x
(c) e (d) None of these (a) ∞ (b) 3
(2 x + 1) 40 (4 x − 1)5 1
91. lim = [IIT 1990] (c) (d) 0
x →∞ (2 x + 3) 45 3
(a) 16 (b) 24 3+ x − 3− x
102. lim = [MP PET 1987]
(c) 32 (d) 8 x →0 x
 x  (a) –1 (b) 0
92. lim = [IIT 1992; RPET 2001]
x →0 
 tan −1 2x  1
(c) 3 (d)
1 3
(a) 0 (b)
2 x2
e − cos x
103. lim = [IIT Screening]
(c) 1 (d) ∞ x →0 x2
1 − cos x 3 1
93. lim = [DSSE 1987] (a) (b) −
x →0 sin 2 x 2 2
1 1 (c) 1 (d) None of these
(a) (b) −
2 2 log(a + x) − log a log x − 1
104. lim + k lim = 1, then
(c) 2 (d) None of these x →0 x x →e x − e

sin 3 x + sin x [IIT Screening]

94. lim = [AISSE 1986]
x →0 x  1
(a) k = e 1 − 
1  a
(a) (b) 3
3 (b) k = e(1 + a)
1 (c) k = e(2 − a)
(c) 4 (d)
4 (d) The equality is not possible
 Functions, Limits, Continuity and Differentiability 919
c + dx
1  1 
(1 − cos 2 x) 115. If a, b, c, d are positive, then lim  1 +  =
2 x → ∞ a + bx 
105. lim =
x →0 x [EAMCET 1992]
[IIT 1991; AIEEE 2002; RPET 2001, 02] d/b c/a
(a) e (b) e
(a) 1 (b) –1
(c + d ) /(a + b)
(c) 0 (d) None of these (c) e (d) e
x  1 + tan x 
cosec x
106. lim is equal to [MNR 1995] 116. lim   is equal to [Kerala (Engg.) 2005]
x →0 tan x
x → 01 + sin x 
(a) 0 (b) 1
1
(c) 4 (d) Not defined (a) e (b)
e
eα x − e β x
107. lim = [MP PET 1994; DCE 2005] (c) 1 (d) None of these
x →0 x
117. lim (4 n + 5 n )1 / n is equal to
1 n→ ∞
(a) α + β (b) +β
α (a) 4 (b) 5
(c) α 2 − β 2 (d) α − β (c) e (d) None of these
(x −1 − a−1 ) 1
108. lim = [MP PET 1994] x 2 sin −x
x →a x−a 118. The value of lim x is
x →∞ 1− | x |
1 −1
(a) (b)
a a (a) 0 (b) 1
1 −1 (c) –1 (d) None of these
(c) (d)
a2 a2 x + sin x
x +3
119. lim = [Roorkee 1994]
 x + 2 x →∞ x − cos x
109. lim   is [MNR 1994]
x →∞  x + 1  (a) 0 (b) 1
(a) 1 (b) e (c) –1 (d) None of these
1/ x
(c) e 2 (d) e 3  π 
110. lim { (1 − sin x) tan x} is 120. lim tan  + x  = [IIT 1993; RPET 2001]
x→
π
x →0
 4 
2
(a) 1 (b) –1
π
(a) (b) 1 (c) e 2 (d) e
2
n n 1/n
(c) 0 (d) ∞ 121. If 0 < x < y then lim (y + x ) is equal to
n→ ∞
sin x
111. lim is equal to [RPET 1995] (a) e (b) x
x →0 x
(c) y (d) None of these
(a) 1 (b) 0
(c) –1 (d) None of these 122. The value of lim a2 x 2 + ax + 1 − a2 x 2 + 1 is
x →∞
112. lim ( x 2 + 1 − x) is equal to [RPET 1995]
x →∞ 1
(a) (b) 1
(a) 1 (b) –1 2
(c) 0 (d) None of these (c) 2 (d) None of these
113. lim f (x). g(x) exists, if [RPET 1995] tan x x
x →a e −e
123. lim = [EAMCET 1994; RPET 2001]
(a) lim f (x) and lim g(x) exist x →0 tan x − x
x →a x →a
(a) 1 (b) e
g( x )
(b) lim f (x) exists −1
x →a (c) e (d) 0
f ( x) x − sin x
(c) lim exists 124. If f (x) = , then lim f (x) is [DCE 2000]
x →a g(x) x + cos2 x x →∞

1 (a) 0 (b) ∞

(d) lim f (x)g  exists
x →a x (c) 1 (d) None of these
sin x + log(1 − x)
114. lim is equal to [Roorkee 1995] π − cos−1 x
x →0 x2 125. is given by
x → −1 x +1
1
(a) 0 (b) 1 1
2 (a) (b)
1 π 2π
(c) − (d) None of these
2 (c) 1 (d) 0
 920 Functions, Limits, Continuity and Differentiability
   sin( x + a) + sin(a − x) − 2 sin a 
126. lim  x + x + x − x  is equal to 136. lim =
x →∞ x →0
 x sin x 
 
1 (a) sin a (b) cos a
(a) 0 (b) 1
2 (c) − sin a (d) cos a
2
(c) log 2 (d) e4
1 / x2
2 x−3 2(2 x + 1)  1 + 5x 2 
127. If f (x) = , g(x) = and h(x) = − 2 , then 137. lim   = [IIT 1996; DCE 2001]
x−3 x+4 x + x − 12 x →0 1 + 3x 2 
 
lim[ f (x) + g(x) + h(x)] is
x →3 (a) e 2 (b) e
(a) −2 (b) −1 (c) e−2 (d) e−1
2 (2 x − 3)(3 x − 4)
(c) − (d) 0 138. lim = [MP PET 1996]
7 x →∞ (4 x − 5)(5 x − 6)
2/ x
 ax + b x + c x  (a) 0 (b) 1/10
128. The value of lim 
 ; (a, b, c > 0) is (c) 1/5 (d) 3/10
x →0
 3 
sin(e x − 2 − 1)
(a) (abc)3 (b) abc 139. If f (x) = , then lim f (x) is given by
log(x − 1) x→ 2

(c) (abc)1 / 3 (d) None of these (a) –2 (b) –1

(c) 0 (d) 1
1+ 2+ x − 3
129. The value of lim is
x→2 x−2 140. lim( x 2 + 8 x + 3 − x 2 + 4 x + 3 ) = [MP PET 1997]
x →∞
1 1 (a) 0 (b) ∞
(a) (b)
8 3 4 3 1
(c) 2 (d)
(c) 0 (d) None of these 2
1 − cos x 2 x k − 5k
130. The value of lim is 141. If lim = 500 , then the positve integral value of k is
x →0 1 − cos x x →5 x − 5

1 [MP PET 1998]

(a) (b) 2
2 (a) 3 (b) 4
(c) 5 (d) 6
(c) 2 (d) None of these
m n
131. The value of lim x (log x) , m, n ∈ N is 1− x2 − 1+ x2
142. lim is equal to [MP PET 1999]
+
x →0 x →0 x2
m (a) 1 (b) –1
(a) 0 (b)
n (c) –2 (d) 0
(c) mn (d) None of these  x, if x is rational
143. If f (x) =  , then lim f (x) is
log x − x, if x is irrational x→0
132. The value of lim , n > 0 is
x →∞ xn [Kurukshetra CEE 1998; UPSEAT 2004]
(a) 0 (b) 1 (a) Equal to 0 (b) Equal to 1
1 1 (c) Equal to –1 (d) Indeterminate
(c) (d)
n n! xe x − log(1 + x)
log( x − a) 144. lim equals [RPET 1996]
133. The value of lim is x →0 x2
x →a log(e x − ea ) 2 1
(a) (b)
(a) 1 (b) –1 3 3
(c) 0 (d) None of these 1 3
1 (c) (d)
(1 + x)1 / x − e + ex 2 2
134. The value of lim 2 is [DCE 2001]
x →0 x2 4 x 2 + 5x + 8
145. The value of lim is
11e −11e
x → −∞ 4x + 5
(a) (b) [Roorkee 1998]
24 24
(a) −1 / 2 (b) 0
e
(c) (d) None of these (c) 1 / 2 (d) 1
24 x
 1 
 π   146. lim 1 + equal to [Kurukshetra CEE 1998]
135. lim  x tan x −   sec x  = x →∞
 mx 
x →π / 2
 2
  
(a) e1 / m (b) e−1 / m
(a) 1 (b) –1 m
(c) 0 (d) None of these (c) e (d) me
 Functions, Limits , Continuity and Differentiability 921
147. Let the function f be defined by the equation x : x < 0
3 x if 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 
f ( x) =  , then [SCRA 1996] 158. If f (x) = 1 : x = 0 , then lim f (x) = [DCE 2000]
x →0
5 − 3 x if 1 < x ≤ 2  2
 x : x > 0
(a) lim f (x) = f (1) (b) lim f (x) = 3
x →1 x →1 (a) 0 (b) 1
(c) lim f (x) = 2 (d) lim f (x) does not exist (c) 2 (d) Does not exist
x →1 x →1
 x 2 + 1, x ≠ 0, 2
3
x −8 sin x, x ≠ nπ , n ∈ Z 
148. The value of the limit of 2 as x tends to 2 is 159. If f ( x) =  and g(x) =  4, x = 0
x −4  0, otherwise  5, x = 2
[SCRA 1996] 
3 then lim g{ f (x)} = [Karnataka CET 2000]
(a) 3 (b) x →0
2 (a) 1 (b) 0
(c) 1 (d) 0
1 1
x 3 − x 2 − 18 (c) (d)
149. The value of the limit of as x tends to 3 is 2 4
x−3 1 + log x − x
[SCRA 1996] 160. lim = [Karnataka CET 2000; Pb. CET 2001]
x →1 1 − 2 x + x 2
(a) 3 (b) 9
(a) 1 (b) –1
(c) 18 (d) 21
1
tan −1 x (c) 0 (d) −
150. lim is [SCRA 1996] 2
x →0 x
asin x − 1
(a) 0 (b) ∞ 161. lim = [Karnataka CET 2000]
x → 0 b sin x − 1
(c) –1 (d) 1
a b
2x 2 + 3 x + 4 (a) (b)
151. lim is equal to [SCRA 1996] b a
x →∞ 3x 2 + 3x + 4
log a log b
2 (c) (d)
(a) (b) 1 log b log a
3
(c) 0 (d) ∞ 3x / 2 − 3
162. The value of lim is [MP PET 2000]
x→2 3x − 9
1
152. lim sin  is [SCRA 1996] (a) 0 (b) 1/3
x →0 x
(c) 1 / 6 (d) ln 3
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) –1 (d) Does not exist sin −1 x − tan −1 x
163. lim is equal to [RPET 2000]
 x3 / 2 − 8 
x →0 x3
153. lim  = [DCE 1999] (a) 0 (b) 1
x →4 x − 4 
  (c) –1 (d) 1 / 2
(a) 3/2 (b) 3
x tan 2 x − 2 x tan x
(c) 2/3 (d) 1/3 164. lim is [IIT 1999]
1
x →0 (1 − cos 2 x)2
ex (a) 2 (b) –2
154. lim = [DCE 1999]
x →0 1  1 1
 +1
x  (c) (d) −
e 2 2
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) Does not exist (d) None of these (1 − cos 2 x) sin 5 x
165. The value of lim is
x cos x − log(1 + x) x →0 x 2 sin 3 x
155. The value of lim is [RPET 1999]
x →0 x2 [MP PET 2000; UPSEAT 2000; Karnataka CET 2002]
(a) 1/2 (b) 0 (a) 10/3 (b) 3/10
(c) 1 (d) None of these (c) 6/5 (d) 5/6
sin a − tan a ln(cos x)
156. The value of lim will be [UPSEAT 1999] 166. lim is equal to [AMU 2000]
a→ 0 sin 3 a x →0 x2
1 1 (a) 0 (b) 1
(a) − (b) 1 1
2 2 (c) (d) −
(c) 1 (d) –1 2 2
n x
 n   x −3
157. lim   equals [AMU 1999] 167. For x ∈ R, lim   is equal to [IIT Screening 2000]
n → ∞
n+y
x →∞  x + 2 

(a) 0 (b) 1 (a) e (b) e−1

−5
(c) 1/v (d) e −y
(c) e (d) e5
 922 Functions, Limits , Continuity and Differentiability
 ex − 1  loge (1 + x)
168. The value of lim   is [Karnataka CET 2001] 179. lim = [MP PET 2002]
 x →0 3x − 1
x →0
 x 
(a) loge 3 (b) 0
(a) 1/2 (b) ∞
(c) 1 (d) 0 (c) 1 (d) log 3 e
 a+ x − a− x  1
169. The value of lim   is 180. lim cos [UPSEAT 2002]
x →0 x x →0 x
 
(a) Is continuous at x = 0 (b) Is differentiable at x = 0
[Karnataka CET 2001]
(c) Does not exist (d) None of these
(a) 1 (b) 0
xf (2) − 2 f (x)
(c) a (d) 1 / a 181. Let f (x) = 4 and f ' (x) = 4 , then lim equals
x→2 x−2
 sin 2 α − sin 2 β  [AIEEE 2002]
170. lim  2 2 = [MP PET 2001]
 α −β
α →β   (a) 2 (b) – 2
(c) – 4 (d) 3
(a) 0 (b) 1
sin β sin 2β log x n − [ x]
(c) (d) 182. lim , n ∈ N, ([ x] denotes greatest integer less
β 2β x →∞ [ x]
than or equal to x) [AIEEE 2002]
(1 + x)1 / x − e (a) Has value –1 (b) Has value 0
171. lim equals [UPSEAT 2001]
x →0 x (c) Has value 1 (d) Does not exist
(a) π / 2 (b) 0
f ( x) − 1
(c) 2 / e (d) – e / 2 183. If f (1) = 1, f ′ (1) = 2 , then lim is [AIEEE 2002]
x →1 x −1
1 + cosπ x
172. lim is equal to [AMU 2001] (a) 2 (b) 4
x →1 tan 2π x
(c) 1 (d) 1/2
(a) 0 (b) 1/2 n(n −1)
 n2 − n + 1 
(c) 1 (d) 2 184. lim  2  = [AMU 2002]
n→ ∞ n − n − 1 
 x
m  
173. lim  cos  = [AMU 2001]
m→ ∞  m (a) e (b) e 2
−1
(a) 0 (b) e (c) e (d) 1
x x
(c) 1/e (d) 1 4 −9
x +b
185. lim = [EAMCET 2002]
 x + a x →0 x(4 x + 9 x )
174. lim   = [EAMCET 2001]
x →∞  x + b 
 2 1 3
(a) log  (b) log 
(a) 1 (b) e b−a 3 2  2
a− b
(c) e (d) eb 1  2 3
(c) log  (d) log  
a cot x
−a cos x 2 3  2
175. lim = [Kerala (Engg.) 2001; J & K 2005]
x →π / 2 cot x − cos x
ax − b x
186. lim = [Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
(a) log a (b) log 2 x →0 ex − 1

(c) a (d) log x  a b

2 (a) log  (b) log 
sin(π cos x) b  a
176. lim =
x →0 x2 (c) log(a b) (d) log (a + b)
[IIT Screening 2001;UPSEAT 2001; MP PET 2002]
 3x − x 3   2 
(a) −π (b) π 187. If f (x) = cot −1   and g(x) = cos−1  1 − x  , then
 1 − 3x 2   1 + x2 
(c) π / 2 (d) 1    
177. lim [ x] = , (where [.] = greatest integer function) f (x) − f (a) 1
x →3 lim , 0 <a < is [Orissa JEE 2002]
x → a g( x) − g(a) 2
[DCE 2002]
(a) 2 (b) 3 3 3
(a) (b)
(c) Does not exist (d) None of these 2(1 + a2 ) 2(1 + x 2 )
sin x cos x tan x 3 3
f ( x) (c) (d) −
178. If f (x) = x3 x2 x , then lim 2 is 2 2
x →0 x
2x 1 1 sin−1(x + 2)
188. lim is equal to [Orissa JEE 2002]
[Karnataka CET 2002] x → −2 x 2 + 2x
(a) 3 (b) –1 (a) 0 (b) ∞
(c) 0 (d) 1 (c) –1/2 (d) None of these
 Functions, Limits , Continuity and Differentiability 923
x +1 1
 x +3
189. lim   = [RPET 2003, UPSEAT 2003] 198. lim(3n + 4 n )n = [Karnataka CET 2003]
x → ∞ x + 1  n→ ∞

(a) 3 (b) 4
(a) e 2 (b) e3
(c) ∞ (d) e
(c) e (d) e−1 2x
 a b 
1 199. If lim  1 + + 2  = e2 , then the values of a and b are
190. lim(1 − ax) x = [Karnataka CET 2003] x → ∞ x x 
x →0

−a
(a) a = 1, b = 2 (b) a = 1, b ∈ R
(a) e (b) e
(c) a ∈ R, b = 2 (d) a ∈ R, b ∈ R
a
(c) 1 (d) e
π
2− x −3 −θ
191. The value of lim is [MP PET 2003] 200. lim 2 = [Karnataka CET 2004]
x → 7 x 2 − 49
θ → cot θ
π
2
2 2
(a) (b) − (a) 0 (b) –1
9 49
(c) 1 (d) ∞
1 1
(c) (d) −  4 
3 x −1
56 56 201. lim  1 −  = [Karnataka CET 2004]
x → ∞ x −1
log(3 + x) − log(3 − x)
192. If lim = k, then the value of k is
x →0 x (a) e12 (b) e−12
[AIEEE 2003] (c) e4 (d) e3
1
(a) 0 (b) −  e x − esin x 
3 202. lim   is equal to [UPSEAT 2004]
x → 0  x − sin x 
 
2 2
(c) (d) − (a) –1 (b) 0
3 3
(c) 1 (d) None of these
[(a − n) nx − tan x] sin nx
193. If lim = 0, where n is non zero real 2
x →0 x2 x + 3x + 2
203. The value of lim is equal to [Pb. CET 2000]
number, then a is equal to [IIT Screening 2003] x → −1 x2 + 4x + 3
n+1 (a) 0 (b) 1
(a) 0 (b)
n (c) 2 (d) 1/2
1 2
(c) n (d) n + 204. The value of lim log(1 + x) is equal to [Pb. CET 2000]
n x →0 x

194. Given that f ' (2)=6 and f ′(1) = 4) = , then (a) e (b) e2
2
f (2h + 2 + h ) − f (2) 1
lim = [IIT Screening 2003] (c) (d) 2
h→ 0 f (h − h2 + 1) − f (1) 2
(a) Does not exist (b) Is equal to – 3/2 x +1
 3x − 4  3
(c) Is equal to 3/2 (d) Is equal to 3 205. The value of lim   is equal to [Pb. CET 2004]
x → ∞ 3 x + 2 
x −x
e −e
195. lim is [Kurukshetra CEE 2002] (a) e−1 / 3 (b) e−2 / 3
x →0 sin x
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) e−1 (d) e−2
(c) 2 (d) Non existent (x + 1)(3 x + 4)
206. The value of lim is equal to [Pb. CET 2002]
x →∞ x 2 (x − 8)
 3 sin x − 3 cos x 
196. lim  = [EAMCET 2003] (a) 2 (b) 3
x →π / 6
 6x − π  (c) 1 (d) 0
(a) 3 (b) 1 / 3  sin[ x]
 , when [ x] ≠ 0
207. If f (x) =  [ x] where [x] is greatest integer
(c) − 3 (d) − 1 / 3
 0 , when [ x ] = 0

cos(sin x) − 1
197. lim = [Orissa JEE 2003] function, then lim f (x) = [IIT 1985; RPET 1995]
x →0 x2 x →0

(a) 1 (b) – 1 (a) –1 (b) 1

(c) 1/2 (d) –1/2 (c) 0 (d) None of these
 924 Functions, Limits , Continuity and Differentiability
n
1 − (10)n −α Sn+1 − Sn
208. If lim
n→ ∞ 1 + (10)n +1
=
10
, then give the value of α is 218. If Sn = ∑a k and lim an = a, then lim
n→ ∞ n→ ∞ n
is equal
∑k
k =1
[Orissa JEE 2005]
k =1
(a) 0 (b) –1
to
(c) 1 (d) 2
(a) 0 (b) a
log[1 + x 3 ]
209. The value of lim = [AMU 2005] (c) 2a (d) 2a
x →0 sin3 x
(a) 0 (b) 1 4 + 3an
219. If a1 = 1 and an + 1 = , n ≥ 1 and if lim an = n ,
(c) 3 (d) None of these 3 + 2an n→ ∞

4θ (tan θ − 2θ tan θ ) then the value of a is

210. lim is [Orissa JEE 2005]
θ →0 (1 − cos 2θ ) 2 (a) 2 (b) − 2
(a) 1 / 2 (b) 1/2
(c) 2 (d) None of these
(c) 1 (d) 2 x x x  x 
220. The value of lim cos  cos  cos ... cos n  is
x x x
n→ ∞  2 4 8 2 
27 − 9 − 3 + 1
211. The value of lim is [J & K 2005] sin x
x →0 5 − 4 + cos x (a) 1 (b)
x
(a) 5 (log 3)2 (b) 8 5 log 3 x
(c) (d) None of these
(c) 16 5 log 3 (d) 8 5 (log 3) 2 sin x
n 1 1 1 1
x 221. lim + 2 + 3 + ... + n equals [RPET 1996]
212. The value of lim where x < −1 is [J & K 2005] n→ ∞ 2 2 2 2
xn + 1
n→ ∞

(a) 1/2 (b) –1/2 (a) 2 (b) –1

(c) 1 (d) None of these (c) 1 (d) 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 n
213. The value of lim + + + + ... + 222. lim  + 2 + 2 + ...... + 2  is [SCRA 1996]
n→ ∞  n2
n n n 
n→ ∞ 1.3 3.5 5.7 7.9 (2n − 1)(2n + 1)
is equal to [DCE 2005] (a) 1/2 (b) 0
(a) 1/2 (b) 1/3 (c) 1 (d) ∞
(c) 1/4 (d) None of these 1 − n2
223. The value of lim will be [UPSEAT 1999]
214. The value of the constant α and β such that n→∞ ∑ n

 x2 +1  (a) – 2 (b) – 1
lim  − αx − β  = 0 are respectively
x →∞ x + 1
  (c) 2 (d) 1
[Orissa JEE 2005] 1 − 2 + 3 − 4 + 5 − 6 + ..... − 2n
224. If xn = , then lim xn is
(a) (1, 1) (b) (–1, 1) n2 + 1 + 4n2 − 1 n→ ∞

(c) (1, –1) (d) (0, 1) equal to [AMU 2000]

215. Let f : R → R be a differentiable function having 1 2
f (x)
(a) (b) −
 1  4t 3 3 3
f (2) = 6, f ' (2) =  . Then lim
 48  x→2 ∫
6
x−2
dt equals
(c)
2
(d) 1
3
[AIEEE 2005]
(a) 12 (b) 18 (x + 1)10 + (x + 2)10 + ..... + (x + 100 )10
225. lim is equal to
(c) 24 (d) 36 x →∞ x 10 + 10 10
 1 2 n  (a) 0 (b) 1
216. lim + + ... + is equal to
n→ ∞ 
1 − n
2
1−n 2
1 − n 2  (c) 10 (d) 100
[IIT 1984; DCE 2000; Pb. CET 2000] 1 + 2 + 3 + .... n
226. The value of lim is equal [Pb. CET 2002]
1 n→ ∞ n2 + 100
(a) 0 (b) −
2 1
(a) ∞ (b)
1 2
(c) (d) None of these
2 (c) 2 (d) 0
x
 1 n2 
217. lim  3
n→ ∞  n + 1
+ 3
4
+ 3
n +1 n +1
9
+ ........ + 3 =
n + 1  227. The value of lim
∫ 0
cos t 2
dt is
 x →0 x
(a) 1 (b) 2/3 (a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 1/3 (d) 0 (c) −1 (d) None of these