‫‪ICT‬‬

‫تكنولوجيا المعلومات و‬
‫االتصاالت‬
HELLO!
an introduction
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can be
defined as all modern technical mechanisms used in cellular
and non-cellular communications, the media, the regulation
of smart entities, audio-visual therapeutic behaviors,
network management and regulation of control over them,
although communication technology is referred to as having
the same meaning as ICT. Information (IT), but
communication technology remains more comprehensive
.and broad in scope.
contents
 1- Active Explorer

“ They are caricatures that attract

students with illustrated stories
and videos to help communicate
information to this young age,
expressing the role of technology
and the extent of its development
over time.
 The development
of technology
In all time periods, man was able to create ways of communication and
communication, and this includes conversations and listening, and all ways of
expression such as blogging, drawing, and others. Then a qualitative revolution
occurred in the ways of communication and communication as a result of the
technological revolution, and computer-based technologies spread in the
commercial fields, and contributed to changing the communication process. The
interaction between humans, which shows the continuous state of fluctuation in
the world of information technology, and the rapid changes, and thinkers have
developed the means and techniques used in communication and communication
over millions of years, individual behaviors between individuals have been created,
so as to control communicative relations starting from the single family and
moving to the community Despite the above, research, development and
innovation of new technologies continued in this regard, which led to the
emergence of the current communications revolution, modifying previous
inventions and providing them with appropriate technologies.
Pre-tech: Post technology:
* Lighting candles *Advanced lighting
* Blogging on the walls * Quick Blogging on Phone and
* Communication between Devices
humans is weak and slow * Interpersonal communication
* The industries are few is fast and advanced
and handy * Few handicrafts and total
* Rely on the human factor dependence on equipment
more * Dependence on the
technological and industrial
factor
3- Components of a computer
▸ First, what is a computer?
▸ A computer is an electronic machine that has the ability to receive and process data into
valuable information. It also stores them in different storage media, and is often able to
exchange these results and information with other compatible and advanced devices. Today's
fastest computers can perform hundreds of billions of arithmetic and logical operations in a few
seconds. Computers operate with special software called operating systems, and without them,
the computer is a useless, inanimate piece. Operating systems show the computer how to
perform tasks, and they often provide an environment for programmers to develop their
applications. Defining computers as only those that run under Windows, Macintosh and Linux
environments is a common mistake among people.

Computer components are divided into two main parts:

1- Computer basics (Hardware)
2- The software that runs it
Computer hardware is divided into five main categories:
▸ Inputs Units ) ‫( وحدات اإلدخال‬
▸ processor ( ‫) المعالجة‬
▸ Output Units ( ‫) وحدات اإلخراج‬
▸ Storage Units ( ‫) وسائط التخزين‬
▸ Communication devices ( ‫) أجهزة االتصال‬

While computer software is divided into:

▸ Operating systems ( ‫) أنظمة التشغيل‬
▸ Applications ( ‫) ال َّت ْطبيقات‬

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4- Software and operating
systems
What is meant by operating systems?

Operating systems are symbolized by

the English letters OS, which means
Operating System, and it is a multiple
software that controls the management
of all computer hardware and resources,
and serves as a link between both the
computer and the user, and programs
are run through these systems, such as
text editing, opening Search engines, all
Internet browsers, and media programs
as well, the user in general is not able to
browse programs, access the Internet,
and navigate between all pages except
through an operating system that can do
all that and more.
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 5- Supporting people of
determination
Science is advancing very quickly every day, in conjunction with the high ceiling of human needs in all
fields and at all levels.
With regard to the category of people of determination who are challenged with disabilities, their needs
for technology may be the most important and the most need to focus technological development to
provide them with more comfortable ways of living, to alleviate the suffering of living with their disability.
In the past few months, there has been an increase in the interest of a number of technological platforms
for people with special needs in creating more tools and applications that facilitate their daily lives,
harness technology to serve them and overcome any difficulties that stand in their way.
Among the most prominent companies that have provided technology for people with special needs with
new innovations during the past months are Apple, Google and the Japanese robotics company
Cyberdini.
With regard to Apple, the American company offered the Unicode complex to add 13 new "emojis"
representing people of determination.
And press sources, including the Telegraph, had previously stated that the offer from Apple included 13
emoji, which included emoji icons representing all people of determination, such as wheelchair users,
blind people, and users of prosthetic limbs.
The presentation, which was presented by Apple, aims to include all spectra of humans within the world
of emoji as much as possible, so that each category finds what is expressed in virtual reality.
 ‫نماذج لدعم التكنولوجيا لألشخاص ذوي الهمم‬

Making robots that accompany and serve Providing electronic services that take into
the person who needs it account different types of determination
Google supports people of determination with a set of emoji for The work of programmed prosthetic limbs to serve the people
easy expression of themselves and the expression of others of determination and make them feel completely normal
The National Academy of Information Technology for Persons with Disabilities has also been
launched to help them in all aspects of their lives, such as:
* Many applications that have been created to help people with disabilities lead a normal life, most notably
mobile phone applications, including the “Flossy” application for reading money for people with visual
impairments, and the “screen reader” application for the deaf, which allows them to choose an Arabic text
while browsing the Internet and translate it into Video sign language.
* A set of programs implemented by the Academy in this context, and comes at the forefront of the
curriculum program for people with intellectual disabilities, which aims to develop language and mathematics
concepts for students with intellectual disabilities in the early stages of primary education, and thus increase
their compatibility and better communication with society.
* An integrated system for distance learning for people with visual disabilities, with the aim of eradicating
technological illiteracy among people with visual disabilities and visual impairments by completing their
education in computer basics by completing the system to include the basics of using “word”, “Exil” and
“powerpoint” programs, and many more Practical and cognitive skills such as e-marketing, communication
skills, work ethics and other skills.
* The Jet Access team was able to rely on the use of 3D printing technology to develop multiple accessories
that can be installed on the wheelchair to enable people with mobility disabilities to perform different tasks
independently, while the application of PIx wheels provides a system based on the use of image analysis
technology and artificial intelligence that can Persons with motor disabilities "quadriplegia" from moving the
wheelchair by recognizing the movement of the eye.
* The “I understand” application was launched to generate sign language from Arabic content in the
colloquial Egyptian dialect so that people with hearing disabilities can read the content on social media, and
this requires analyzing and understanding the colloquial dialect to generate the corresponding sound
signals, in addition to publishing the Unified Sign Language Dictionary. It is the first unified Arabic sign
language dictionary to overcome differences in sign language for people with hearing disabilities.
 6- Information and communication
technology: common problems and
solutions
We face many problems when dealing with
technical devices, and there are many types of
problems, including:
1- Problems with the connections
2- Internal technical problems (software)
3- Problems with operating systems
4- Problems related to IT sector employees
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 Some computer problems:
1- The computer does not work
Solution: Check if there is electricity in the socket to which the computer is connected /
check that the computer battery contains a charge, if the type of device is a laptop computer.
2- Computer slow during operation
Solution: Clean the hard disk of any unwanted files/ Run an anti-virus program across the
device/ Stop working programs that run in the background of the device/ Close applications
that consume a large amount of memory.
3- Unable to install programs
Solution: Delete any large storage files on your computer. Uninstall some unnecessary
software on the device. Use the Disk Clean-up tool available in Windows 10.
4- An annoying sound from the computer
solution: Check that there is no problem with the main cooling fan inside the device, and if
there is any defect in the fan in a way that leads to a sound, it can be easily removed and
replaced with a sound one. Check the fans installed on the CPU and graphics card, and if there
is a problem in any of them, they must be replaced immediately to get rid of the sound.
Some technical issues:
1- Loss of network signal (WiFi)
Solution: The loss of the Wi-Fi signal in your computer reveals some technical problems that
you do not want to happen, the solution may be as simple as identifying the network card in
the computer or solving the problem through some known tools or the problem may not be
technical, here you may need to visit the section Maintenance and change of the Wi-Fi piece in
the computer.
2- Annoying pop-up ads
Solution: Your computer shows different pop-up notifications that warn, alert and feel any
change or update that your computer needs, but you may face different technical problems if
one of these notifications appears from an untrusted source, security programs help you to
block pop-ups and avoid the appearance of Annoying notifications.
3- Downloading is taking a long time
Solution: You measure your internet speed, there are useful tools and apps on the internet to
find the best DNS server. Change the DNS server on a device, it will help you download and
browse faster.
Some problems with operating systems:
1- The printer does not appear in the list of scanners.
Solution: Make sure that the device is properly connected to the computer
through the USB port and is on/check that the printer port is not occupied.
2- “File in use” message appears during installation
Solution: Quit all program applications/ remove all programs from Startup
group and restart Windows
3- The device turns itself off. (( restart ))
Solution: Make sure to close all heavy programs that take up a large area of
space to access the processor and thanks to not installing them on the
computer / trying to access the main reason why the computer shuts down its
system by itself.
Problems related to IT sector employees:
1- Don't solve the problem alone
T solution: You have to share the problem with your co-workers to benefit from their expertise and
fill any gap you have
2- Do not make the solutions offered by the Google search engine definitive solutions
solution: Some recommendations on Google explain the cause of the problem in the emergence of
viruses or problems, it is better to search for the problem depending on the technical support site of
the company or its affiliate, such as Microsoft's TechNet site.
3- Make a backup copy before making any changes you will make
Solution: When you try to apply a solution to the problem directly, do not neglect to take a backup
copy of the settings, files, or anything that will have to make a change related to solving the problem
/ keep a foolproof step to go back in case the need to do so.
4- Ignoring the obvious cause of the problem
solution: There is a mistake that some people make because of the speed sometimes in explaining
the problem to the vague reasons for them to explain the problem as a penetration or because of a
strange virus or other random explanations, but the problem only needs a little focus and to evoke
The rationale for this happening.