SMART TIME TABLE

MOBILE APPLICATION

THESIS SUBMITTED TOWARDS THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF SINDH, FOR THE AWARD OF
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED BY

<FULL NAME> <Full Roll Number>

<FULL NAME> <Full Roll Number>
<FULL NAME> <Full Roll Number>

SUPERVISOR
Ms. Nazish Basir
Assistant Professor
Department of Information Technology

CO-SUPERVISOR
Title FirstName LastName
Designation
Department of <Department Name>

DEPARTMENT OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 UNIVERSITY OF SINDH
Session 2023

CERTIFICATE

TITLE OF PROJECT
A Thesis Submitted By

<FULL NAME> <Full Roll Number>

<FULL NAME> <Full Roll Number>
<FULL NAME> <Full Roll Number>

______________________________ ______________________________
Supervisor’s name and signature

______________________________ ______________________________
Co-Supervisor’s name and signature

______________________________ ______________________________
Coordinator Final Year Projects

______________________________ ______________________________
Chairman
Department of Software Engineering
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We are thankful with the core of our heart to almighty ALLAH. Lord of the
universe, who made it possible to complete our project report successfully. The
success of a project depends on the contributions and supports of many people
whom we would like to appreciate for their support in the duration of this
project. We would like to express our gratitude to our supervisor Nazish Basir
who is responsible for supervising and monitoring our progress of this project
thesis. Secondly our friend for offering their guidance and encouragement to us.
Otherwise, this project would not have been possible to be developed properly.

Our special appreciation and thanks to our family who always stands by us no
matter what happens. Their full support and encouragement were such a boost
for our capabilities and confidence to undergo this period last but certainly not
least, we also want to thank all our friends for their invaluable assistances
towards this project thesis.

Special thanks to everyone who involve in this project either direct or indirectly.
We must admit here that it was impossible for us to completing our project thesis
without the supports of them that we mentioned above.

3
ABSTRACT

Students and teachers have been facing problem due to the absence of centralized
web service for the department. This project solves their problem in the form of
providing DYNAMIC INTERFACE OF MEDIA AND COMMMUNICATION
which gives them ready access to information and centralized system for
assignments, timetable, notes and results.
DYNAMIC INTERFACE OF MEDIA AND COMMMUNICATION is design for
the purpose to ease the communication between Teachers and Students. There
are different kinds of users that have different roles on this portal. The major
users are students and Teachers which take the most advantage of this website.
Once a teacher and student are registered, they will receive benefits from this
website. This project will also help in collaborative learning.
On the other hand, administrator of the website is able to centralize the
information between students and teachers. He/she can access to every part of
the website and have right to edit, delete, change, upload, making reports and
supervise the system. It will reduce the burden of collection, organization,
management and sharing of notes, assignments, and announcement of exam
timetable, results and event notifications which are being maintained manually
by the faculty.

4
LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1-1: Context Diagram of Application.............................................................3

Figure 3-1: Use Case Diagram of Teacher...............................................................11
Figure 3-2: Use Case Diagram of Student...............................................................12
Figure 3-3: Use Case Diagram of Admin.................................................................13
Figure 3-4: Activity diagram of Teacher.................................................................14
Figure 3-5: Activity diagram of Student..................................................................15
Figure 3-6: Activity Diagram for Admin.................................................................16
Figure 3-7: Entity Relationship Diagram.................................................................17
Figure 3-8: System Architecture...............................................................................18
Figure 5-1: Login of Admin......................................................................................27
Figure 5-2: Admin Panel...........................................................................................28
Figure 5-3: Teacher Login.........................................................................................29
Figure 5-4: Lecture Upload by teacher....................................................................30
Figure 5-5: Enquiry Checked by Teacher................................................................31
Figure 5-6: Student Registration...............................................................................32
Figure 5-7: Student Login.........................................................................................33
Figure 5-8: Main Page...............................................................................................34
Figure 5-9: Enquiry Send By Student......................................................................35
Figure 5-10: Enquiry Check By Admin...................................................................36
Figure 5-11: Time Table Upload By Admin...........................................................37
Figure 5-12: Time Table Display at Main Page......................................................38
Figure 5-13: Result Upload by Admin.....................................................................39
Figure 5-14: Result show at Main Page...................................................................40
Figure 5-15: Gallery...................................................................................................41

5
CONTENTS

CERTIFICATE.......................................................................................................................................I

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.................................................................................................................II

ABSTRACT..........................................................................................................................................III

LIST OF FIGURES.............................................................................................................................IV

CONTENTS...........................................................................................................................................V

CHAPTER NO. 1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................8

1.1 BACKGROUND...................................................................................................................8
1.2 DEPARTMENT OF MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION...............................................8
1.3 OBJECTIVES.......................................................................................................................9
1.4 SCOPE.................................................................................................................................10

CHAPTER NO. 2 BACKGROUND AND LITERATURE REVIEW........................................11

2.1 THE WEBSITE...................................................................................................................11

2.2 HISTORY OF WEBSITE..................................................................................................11
2.3 DYNAMIC WEBSITE.......................................................................................................12
2.3.1 AVANTAGES OF DYNAMIC WEBSITE.....................................................................12
2.4 INTRODUCTION TO RESPONSIVE WEBSITE..........................................................12
2.5 WEB CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM...............................................................13
2.5.1 IMPORTANCE OF CMS...............................................................................................13
2.5.2 MAIN FEATURES OF CMS.........................................................................................14
2.6 HIGHLIGHTED FEATURES...........................................................................................14
2.6.1 ADMINISTRATOR FEATURES...................................................................................14
2.6.2 TEACHERS FEATURES...............................................................................................14
2.6.3 STUDENTS FEATURES...............................................................................................14
2.6.4 AREA OF APPLICATION............................................................................................15
2.7 ADVANTAGES DYNAMIC INTERCAE OF MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION..15

CHAPTER NO. 3 ANALYSIS & DESIGN.....................................................................................16

6
 3.1 REQUIRMENTS................................................................................................................16
3.1.1 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS...............................................................................16
3.1.2 NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS.....................................................................17
3.2 DESIGN OF MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION WEBSITE......................................18
3.2.1 USE CASE FOR TEACHERS.......................................................................................18
3.2.2 USE CASE FOR STUDENT.........................................................................................19
3.2.3 USE CASE FOR ADMIN..............................................................................................20
3.2.4 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM FOR TEACHER......................................................................21
3.2.5 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM FOR STUDENT.......................................................................22
3.2.6 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM FOR ADMIN............................................................................23
3.3 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM...........................................................................24
3.4 SYSTEM ARCHIECTURE...............................................................................................25

CHAPTER NO. 4 TOOL & TECHNOLOGIES............................................................................26

4.1 OVERVIEW OF TOOLS...................................................................................................26

4.2 HTML/CSS.........................................................................................................................27
4.2.1 HTML5............................................................................................................................27
4.2.2 Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)......................................................................................27
4.3 PHP......................................................................................................................................28
4.3.1 USAGE PHP SCRIPT...................................................................................................28
4.3.2 ADVANTAGES OF PHP...............................................................................................28
4.3.3 APACHE SERVER.........................................................................................................29
4.4 JAVA SCRIPT....................................................................................................................29
4.5 JQUERY..............................................................................................................................30
4.6 BOOTSTRAP......................................................................................................................30
4.6.1 BOOTSTRAP V3.3.5.....................................................................................................31
4.6.2 BOOTSTRAP FORM’S CLASSES................................................................................31
4.6.3 REASONS TO CHOOSE BOOTSTRAP FRAMEWORK............................................32
4.7 MYSQL...............................................................................................................................32
4.8 CODEIGNITER..................................................................................................................32
4.9 NET BEANS.......................................................................................................................33
4.9.1 NETBEANS VERSION 8.2............................................................................................33
4.9.2 NETBEANS IDE BUNDLE FOR PHP........................................................................33

CHAPTER NO. 5 IMPLEMENTATION........................................................................................34

5.1 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DYNAMIC INTERFACE OF MEDIA &

COMMUNICATION........................................................................................................................34

7
 5.1.1 LOGIN OF ADMIN.......................................................................................................34
5.1.2 ADMIN PANEL..............................................................................................................35
5.1.3 TEACHER LOGIN.........................................................................................................36
5.1.4 LECTURES UPLOAD BY TEACHER.........................................................................37
.......................................................................................................................................................37
5.1.5 ENQUIRY CHECKED BY TEACHER.........................................................................38
5.1.6 STUDENT REGISTRATION.........................................................................................39
5.1.7 STUDENT LOGIN.........................................................................................................40
5.1.8 MAIN PAGE...................................................................................................................41
5.1.9 ENQUIRY SEND BY STUDENT..................................................................................42
5.1.10 ENQUIRY CHECK BY ADMIN...............................................................................43
5.1.11 TIME TABLE UPLOAD BY ADMIN.......................................................................44
5.1.12 TIME TABLE DISPLAY AT MAIN PAGE..............................................................45
5.1.13 RESULT UPLOAD BY ADMIN...............................................................................46
5.1.14 RESULT SHOW AT MAIN PAGE...........................................................................47
5.1.15 GALLERY..................................................................................................................48

CHAPTER NO. 6 RESULT AND CONCLUSION........................................................................49

6.1 RESULT..............................................................................................................................49
6.2 CONCLUSION...................................................................................................................49
6.3 FUTURE RECOMMENDATION....................................................................................50

REFERENCES.....................................................................................................................................51

8
Chapter No. 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND
Websites are built since the breakthrough of internet. WWW (World Wide Web)
further helped many institutions to be more connected worldwide this magnitude
of change and advancement led them develop like never before! Now there was a
way to which information shared and received between more than on domain, it
grew up as the joint and giant system of wholly interconnected networks known
as web and the particular location is said to be the (side) networked with its
different entities and a main server where the resources that are shared from
various locations are to be easily shared with others of that similarity.

University of Sindh is the one of the most reputable universities in the Pakistan
and it has the honor of second oldest university of Pakistan. With respect to the
institute and the university in particular the stuff and the students, a (website)
was a must thing to be included restively within the institute so that, like other
well-known institutes of university the Institute of Mass Communication can also
provide some flexibility to the student with the work that is carried on the help of
website.

1.2 DEPARTMENT OF MEDIA AND

COMMUNICATION
This department, founded in 1977 as the Department of Journalism Department
of Mass Communication in 1985. Keeping the latest market requirement
department is renamed as “MEDIA & COMMUNICATION STUDIES” in year
2013. It trains students for career in the fields of communication and journalism
offering BS and Masters of Arts (M.A) programme in Media & Communication
Studies. The four-year BS degree courses have been redesigned to provide

9
professional education with theory-cum-research and practical based approach in
everyday life-like situation and meet the needs of market and professional fields
i.e., print media, electronic media, journalism, advertising, public relations and
development support communication.

Practically, it is the only institution offering courses in Media & Communication

Studies to the people of rural and urban Sindh. The Department has a well-
stocked seminar library with a fine collection of more than 3500 latest books and
periodicals and also has two well-equipped media laboratories, comprising
sufficient number of computers, well established Studio, video cameras, editing
processors, tape recorders, multimedia projectors and laser printers etc.

The students are required to write and report news stories, columns, articles and
features in weekly newspaper ‘Roshni’ and monthly magazine ‘Shaoor’
reflecting scholarly and independent thought. Under these programs students are
treated as journalists who would one day be called upon to accept
responsibilities in administrative or supervisory positions in media organizations.

1.3 OBJECTIVES
Department of Media & Communication Studies seeks to provide students
with a leading-edge education that emphasizes a core of fundamental

concepts, values and skills that make them prepare for an era of
unprecedented change. It will educate students to understand the whole of
mass communication, to solve problems, to understand the ethical and legal
implications of media and communication, to be comfortable with
innovation and to work in concert with their peers. It will make them
confident for leadership roles in their professions and their communities.

 To use media for social development.

 To give a theoretical & practical understanding about
media culture.

10
  To give a working knowledge on international.
Information distribution techniques.
 To work towards building a better media culture.

The dynamic interface of Department Of Media & Communication Studies

provides information in a clear and accessible format, promoting the best user
experience possible and facilitate the students and teachers of department in
different point of views. The purpose of developing this project is to manage the
whole website through admin panel.

1.4 SCOPE
The scope of the Dynamic Interface of Media & Communication Studies to give
advance content management system where students can make and perform
different activities for Mass Communication department. the Dynamic Interface
of Media & Communication is a responsive website customized viewing
experience for different browser platform (laptop, tablet, and smart phones).
Through this dynamic web interface students and teachers of Mass
communication can make their own account and know about their course
content, time table, notice board information, department culture and
celebrations and students can also view their result online.

Dynamic
Interface Of

Admin Media and

Students
Communication

Teachers
11
 Figure 1- 1: Context Diagram of Application

Chapter No. 2 BACKGROUND AND

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 THE WEBSITE

A website, also written as Web site, web site, or simply site, is a set of
related web pages served from a single web domain. A website is hosted on at
least one web server, accessible via a network such as the Internet or a
private local area network through an Internet address known as a Uniform
resource locator. All publicly accessible websites collectively constitute
the World Wide Web.

A webpage is a document, typically written in plain text interspersed with

formatting instructions of Hypertext Markup Language (HTML, XHTML). A
webpage may incorporate elements from other websites with suitable markup
anchors.

Webpages are accessed and transported with the Hypertext Transfer

Protocol (HTTP), which may optionally employ encryption (HTTP Secure,
HTTPS) to provide security and privacy for the user of the webpage content. The
user's application, often a web browser, renders the page content according to its
HTML markup instructions onto a display terminal.

2.2 HISTORY OF WEBSITE

The World Wide Web (WWW) was created in 1990 by the British CERN
physicist Tim Berners-Lee. On 30 April 1993, CERN announced that the World
Wide Web would be free to use for anyone.

12
Before the introduction of HTML and HTTP, other protocols such as File
Transfer Protocol and the gopher protocol were used to retrieve individual files
from a server. These protocols offer a simple directory structure which the user
navigates and chooses files to download. Documents were most often presented
as plain text files without formatting, or were encoded in processor formats. [1]

2.3 DYNAMIC WEBSITE

A dynamic website is one that changes or customizes itself frequently and
automatically. Server-side dynamic pages are generated "on the fly" by computer
code that produces the HTML and CSS. There are a wide range of software
systems, such as CGI, Java Servlets and Java Server Pages (JSP), Active Server
Pages and ColdFusion (CFML) that are available to generate dynamic web
systems and dynamic sites. Various web application frameworks and web
template systems are available for general-use programming
languages like PHP, Perl, Python, and Ruby, to make it faster and easier to create
complex dynamic web sites.

2.3.1 AVANTAGES OF DYNAMIC WEBSITE

 Much more functional Website

 Much easier to update
 New content brings people back to the site and helps in the search
engines
 Can work as a system to allow staff or users to collaborate. [2]

2.4 INTRODUCTION TO RESPONSIVE WEBSITE

Responsive web design (or "RWD") is a type of web design that provides a
customized viewing experience for different browser platforms.
A website created with RWD will display a different interface depending on
what device is used to access the site. For example, a responsive website may

13
appear one way on a laptop, another way on a tablet, and still another way
on smart phone.

Today, many people access websites from mobile devices, rather than desktop
computers or laptops. While most smart phones can display regular websites, the
content is difficult to read and even harder to navigate. Therefore, many web
developers now use responsive web design to provide a better web browsing
experience on small screens. [3]

2.5 WEB CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Web content management system (WCMS) is mainly used to control and publish
text based document like articles, text documents and information. A CMS is
normally able to provide the following features:

Our website is able to provide the information that’s a needed by student, stuff
and others. Its content is managed in a way like standard content management
systems.

 To create Admin panel.

 Identify the main users and their roles within the Institute.
 An ability to assign certain roles and rights within the id and password.
 Administrator has the full control system.
 Accounts will be given to faculty members

14
2.5.1 IMPORTANCE OF CMS

Content management system (CMS) used to manage the content of a website. It

helps in updating the website easily. It is installed by web designers on the
servers. So that it can be used website owner/admin. A person using CMS need
not be technical or web savvy nor do he/she require a technical training for
managing the content of a website. In a CMS, data can be anything like: -
document, event, picture, information about the faculty etc. through CMS, one
can easily add, edit, and delete images and text in website.

2.5.2 MAIN FEATURES OF CMS

2.5.2.1 ADMINISTRATOR

 Administrator has the full control over system.

 To create and delete all faculties.

2.5.2.2 MONITORING USERS

 Accounts will be given to director and faculty. [4]

2.6 HIGHLIGHTED FEATURES

 Administrators
 Teachers
 Students

2.6.1 ADMINISTRATOR FEATURES

 Add new users

 Deactivate or delete the user
 Announcement of any Events
 Recover the user password
 Maintaining the whole information of Department
 Upload timetable
 Upload result

15
2.6.2 TEACHERS FEATURES

 Teachers can upload their notes and assignments to share with students.
 Teachers can update his/her password and profile information.

2.6.3 STUDENTS FEATURES

 Students can receive notes and assignments and can download.

 Student can get updates of his/her result using a secure login system.
 Students can see any new announcement/notifications.
 Students can see the time tables.
 Students can update his/her password and profile information.

2.6.4 AREA OF APPLICATION

This website is designed for the students and teachers of department of media
and communication in Sindh University. Furthermore, this kind of project can be
applied in educational institutes worldwide with more additional features to
serve the students, teaching staff and educational institutes.

2.7 ADVANTAGES DYNAMIC INTERCAE OF

MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION
 Provide notification and list of Events
 Download notes and assignments
 Provide result viewing and downloading
 Globally accessible
 Central place for all tasks
 24 Hour accessible
 User friendly
 Secure & Personalized
 Saving of time & man power

16
17
Chapter No. 3 ANALYSIS & DESIGN

3.1 REQUIRMENTS
A requirement is an objective that must be met. Planners cast most requirements
in functional terms, leaving design and implementation details to the developers.
They may specify price, performance, and reliability objectives in fine detail,
along with some aspects of the user interface. Sometimes, they describe their
objectives more precisely than realistically. There are two types of requirements
given below:

3.1.1 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

A requirement that specifies a function that a system or component must be able

to perform is called functional requirement. These include inputs, outputs,
calculations, external interfaces, communications, and special management
information needs. Functional requirements are also called behavioral
requirements because they address what the system does.

In many cases, if the user requirements are written for the requestor and not the
end-user, the functional requirements are combined with the functional
requirements; this is common within companies that have a strong Information
Technology department that is tasked with doing the work. The Dynamic
Interface Of Media and Communication has the following functional
requirement:

 Administrator must be able to add users, design events, recover

passwords on user request, upload /delete files.
 Admin can upload result/timetable and students and teachers can view
them.
 Admin can upload the events and other notifications.

18
  Students can download the lectures, newspaper and magazine and their
related stuff.

3.1.2 NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

Non-Functional Requirements in Software Engineering presents a systematic and

pragmatic approach to `building quality into' software systems. Systems must
exhibit software quality attributes, such as accuracy, performance, security and
modifiability. However, such non-functional requirements are difficult to address
in many projects, even though there are many techniques to meet functional
requirements in order to provide desired functionality.

Non-Functional Requirements in Software Engineering is an excellent resource

for software engineering practitioners, researchers and students. For example,
software performance requirements, software external interface requirements,
software design constraints, and software quality attributes. Nonfunctional
requirements are difficult to test; therefore, they are usually evaluated
subjectively. [5]

The Dynamic Interface Of Media and Communication has the following

nonfunctional requirement:

 Availability of every documents, updates etc. on home page.

 Detail of Institute various records, event, program etc.
 Admin
 Post
 Designation
 Department/Discipline
 Contact Details
 Availability of Gallery
 Website should be fully dynamic
 Detailed information on each and every page.

19
3.2 DESIGN OF MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION
WEBSITE

3.2.1 USE CASE FOR TEACHERS

To use Dynamic Interface Of Media and Communication teachers has to login into
his/her account and if he/she is not register then he /she have to register themselves.
After when teacher login into his/her account successfully, he/she can avail benefits
of website to their need. Teachers can easily upload their lectures and notes. The
teachers have facilities to view the time table, events and notice board information. As
shown in the following figure:

Figure 3- 2: Use Case Diagram of Teacher

20
21
3.2.2 USE CASE FOR STUDENT

To use the Dynamic Interface Of Media and Communication students has to login
into his/her account and if he/she is not register then he /she have to register
themselves. After when student login into his/her account successfully, he/she can
avail benefits of website to her need. student can easily download lectures, notes,
newspaper, magazine and videos. The students have facilities to view the time table,
events and notice board information. After avail his/ her need student can logout. As
shown in the following figure:

Figure 3- 3: Use Case Diagram of Student

22
3.2.3 USE CASE FOR ADMIN

To control the Dynamic Interface of Media & Communication admin has to login into
his/her account After login into his/her account successfully, he/she can perform
different activities to control the website. A admin can create the different role also
he/she can register the teachers and students of the mass communication department.
Admin can also manage notice board information such as time table, exam results and
other notifications. Admin can manage the course content, gallery, events, Enquiry
and control all the setting related to website. In last admin, can logout. As shown in
the following figure:

Figure 3- 4: Use Case Diagram of Admin

23
3.2.4 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM FOR TEACHER

To perform the activities teacher has to login first after login he / she can check
the enquiry and upload and download the lectures. As shown in the following
figure:

Figure 3- 5: Activity diagram of Teacher

24
3.2.5 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM FOR STUDENT

Activity diagram for student shows that a student has to login first to use the
website and if a student doesn’t have account then he/she has to register first and
he/she will be able to download the lectures magazines and newspapers, view
gallery and events and notice board information and enquiry. After availing the
benefits of the website student can logout. As shown in following figure:

Figure 3- 6: Activity diagram of Student

25
3.2.6 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM FOR ADMIN

After login Admin, can perform activities like manage the users (teacher,
student), manage the gallery and events, manage the notice board information,
manage the course, manage the enquiry and can also control all settings related
to the website. As shown in following activity figure:

Figure 3- 7: Activity Diagram for Admin

26
3.3 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM
An entity-relationship diagram (ERD) is a graphical representation of an
information system that shows the relationship between people, objects, places,
concepts or events within that system. An ERD is a data modeling technique that
can help define business processes and can be used as the foundation for a
relational database. Three main components of an ERD are the entities, which
are objects or concepts that can have data stored about them, the relationship
between those entities, and the cardinality, which defines that relationship in
terms of numbers.

Figure 3- 8: Entity Relationship Diagram

27
3.4 SYSTEM ARCHIECTURE

Figure 3- 9: System Architecture

28
Chapter No. 4 TOOL & TECHNOLOGIES

4.1 OVERVIEW OF TOOLS

A software development tool is program or application that software developers
use to create debug, maintain, or otherwise support other programs and
applications. The term usually refers to relatively simple programs that can be
combined together to accomplish a task, much as one might use multiple hand to
fix a physical object.

The history of software tools began with first computers in the early 1950s that
used linkers, loader, and control program. Tools became famous with UNIX in
the early 1970s with tools like grep, awk and make that meant to be combined
flexibly with pipes. The term “software tools” came the book of the name by
brain Kernighan and P. J. Plauger.

Tools were originally simple and light weight. As some tools have been
maintained, they have been integrated into more powerful integrated
Development Environments (IDEs). These environments consolidate
functionality into one place, sometime increasing simplicity and productivity,
other times sacrificing flexibility and extensibility. The workflow of IDEs is
routinely contrasted with alternative approaches, such as the use of UNIX shell
tools with text editors like Vim and Emacs.

The distinction between tools applications is murky. For example, developers use
simple databases (such as a file containing a list of important values) all the time
as tools. However, a full-blown database is database is usually thought of as an
application in its own right.

For many years, computer Assisted Software Engineering (CASE) tools were
sought after. Successful tools have proven elusive. In one sense, CASE tools

29
emphasized design and architecture support, such as for UML. But the most
successful of these tools are IDEs.[6]

4.2 HTML/CSS
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the set of markup symbols or codes inserted
in a file intended for display on a World Wide Web browser page. The markup tells
the Web browser how to display a Web page's words and images for the user.
HTML defines the structure and layout of a Web document by using a variety of tags
and attributes.
HTML language, called tags are words surrounded by brackets. HTML tags are
written as pairs, there must be a beginning tag and an ending tag in order to make the
code display correctly. The firs tag designates how the following text will be grouped
or displayed, and the closing tag (with a backslash) designates the end of this group or
display.
The correct structure for an HTML document starts with,
<HTML><HEAD> (enter here what document is about)
<BODY>
All the information you'd like to include in your Web page fits in between these tags.
</BODY>
</HTML>

4.2.1 HTML5

HTML5 is the latest version of Hypertext Markup Language, the code that describes
web pages. It's actually three kinds of code: HTML, which provides the structure;
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), which take care of presentation; and JavaScript, which
makes things happen. One of the design goals for HTML5 is to support for
multimedia on mobile devices.

30
4.2.2 Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the
presentation of a document written in a markup language. CSS describes how HTML
elements are to be displayed on screen, paper, or in other media. CSS saves a lot of
work. It can control the layout of multiple web pages all at once. External style sheets
are stored in CSS files.CSS gives more control over the appearance of a Web page to
the page creator than to the browser designer or the viewer. With CSS, the sources of
style definition for a given document element are in this order of precedence:
1. The STYLE attribute on an individual element tag
2. The STYLE element that defines a specific style sheet containing style
declarations or a LINK element that links to a separate document containing
the STYLE element. In a Web page, the STYLE element is placed between the
TITLE statement and the BODY statement. [7]

4.3 PHP
PHP (Personal Home Page/ Hyper Text Pre-Processor) is a programming
language that is designed for building a variety of web applications that run on
the Windows operating system and as well as Linux. Php is simple, powerful,
type-safe, and object-oriented. The many innovations in php enable rapid web
application development while retaining the expressiveness and elegance of C-
style languages.

Php is server side scripting language for web development but also used as
a general-purpose programming language use for enhance the web pages. In
HTML and PHP code can easily be embedded. PHP is compatible with various
platforms like windows, Mac, OS X etc

4.3.1 USAGE PHP SCRIPT

Three main areas where PHP scripts are used:

 Server-side scripting

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  Command line scripting
 Writing desktop applications

4.3.2 ADVANTAGES OF PHP

 Open source
 Simple and very easy to learn.
 Support for both structural programming and Object Oriented
Programming.
 Powerful library support
 Built-in database connection modules
 PHP also has support services using protocols such as LDAP, IMAP,
SNMP, NNTP, POP2, HTTP, COM (on Windows)
 Easy deployment and cost effective hosting. [8]

4.3.3 APACHE SERVER

Apache is the most widely used web server software. Developed and maintained
by Apache Software Foundation, Apache is an open source software available for
free. It runs on 67% of all web servers in the world. It is fast, reliable, and
secure. It can be highly customized to meet the needs of many different
environments by using extensions and modules.
 APACHE VERSION 3.2.1

The Apache Software Foundation and The Apache HTTP Server Project are
pleased to announce the release of version 3.2.1 of the Apache HTTP
Server(“Apache”).

This version of Apache is principally a bug and security fix release. [9]

4.4 JAVA SCRIPT

JavaScript is a programming language used to make web pages interactive. It runs on
your visitor's computer and doesn't require constant downloads from your website.
JavaScript is a cross-platform, object-oriented scripting language. JavaScript contains

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a standard library of objects, such as Array, Date, and Math, and a core set of
language elements such as operators, control structures, and statements.

 Client-side JavaScript extends the core language by supplying objects to

control a browser and its Document Object Model (DOM).
 Server-side JavaScript extends the core language by supplying objects relevant
to running JavaScript on a server.

JavaScript is used in Web site development to do such things as:

 Automatically change a formatted date on a Web page

 Cause a linked-to page to appear in a popup window

 Cause text or a graphic image to change during a mouse rollover [10]

4.5 JQUERY
JQuery is the features rich JavaScript library use to simplify the client side scripting
of html. JQuery is the most popular library of JavaScript library use in today. JQuery
is free, open source software, licensed under the MIT License. Query is ised to make
it user to navigate a document, Select the document object model, create animation,
handle events and develop the ajax applications. The jQuery library modular approach
allows the creation of dynamic web pages and web application. [11]

4.6 BOOTSTRAP
Bootstrap is the most popular HTML, CSS, and JS framework for developing
responsive, mobile first projects on the web. Bootstrap is an open-source
Javascript framework. It is a combination of HTML, CSS, and Javascript code
designed to help build user interface components. Bootstrap was also
programmed to support both HTML5 and CSS3.

Also, it is called Front-end-framework.

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Bootstrap is a free collection of tools for creating a websites and web
applications.

It contains HTML and CSS-based design templates for typography, forms,

buttons, navigation and other interface components, as well as optional
JavaScript extensions. [8]

Bootstrap can be boiled down to three main files:

 bootstrap.css – a CSS framework

 bootstrap.js – a JavaScript/JQuery framework
 glyphicons – a font (an icon font set)

4.6.1 BOOTSTRAP V3.3.5

Use the component and classes of bootstrap.

 BOOTSTRAP COMPONENTS

Components built to provide buttons, dropdowns, input groups, navigation,

alerts, and much more. [9]
 BOOTSTRAP CLASSES
i. .container

Sets fixed width to an element (which changes depending on a screen size to

other fixed values, so it's still responsive) on all screen sizes except xs - on xs,
the width is calculated automatically (this behavior can be changed).
ii. .container-fluid

Sets 100% width, margin-left and margin-right: auto, padding-left and padding-
right: 15px.
iii. .row

Creates horizontal groups of columns (which usually have width classes, see
below).

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4.6.2 BOOTSTRAP FORM’S CLASSES

i. .form-group
ii. .form-control
iii. .form-control-static
iv. .glyphicon
v. .clearfix

Link: (http://getbootstrap.com)

4.6.3 REASONS TO CHOOSE BOOTSTRAP

FRAMEWORK

Some Reasons for programmers preferred Bootstrap Framework.

1. Easy to get started

2. Great grid system

3. Base styling for most HTML elements (Typography, Code, Tables, Forms,
Buttons, Images, Icons)

4. Extensive list of components

5. Bundled JavaScript plugins. [12]

4.7 MYSQL
MySql is a combination of "My", the name of co-founder Michael Widenius'
daughter, and "SQL", the abbreviation for Structured Query Language. MySql is a
database system used on the web. Basically, a MySQL database allows you to create a
relational database structure on a web-server somewhere in order to store data or
automate procedures. Mysql is a open source relational database management system.
It runs as a server and allow the multiple user to create numerous database. [13]

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4.8 CODEIGNITER
Codeigniter is a php framework created by EllisLab on February 28, 2006 and is
now a project of the British Columbia Institute of Technology. codeigniter is
built for developer who need an elegant toolkit for web application which is rich
of featured. Codeigniter is based on popular development pattern MVC (Model
View Controller). In codeigniter the controller classes are necessary where as
models and views are optional. Codeigniter is noted for its speed when compared
to another PHP framework. To create the website of Mass Communication
website we use the Codeignitor version 3.1.2. [14]

4.9 NET BEANS

Net Beans is a Platform for software development which is written on java but it
is also support other languages such as PHP, C, C++ and HTML5. Net Beans
allows application to be developed from modules. Desktop, mobile and web
applications can easily be developed by Net Bean. The Net Bean IDE provides
set of tools for c, c++ and PHP developers. It is free and open source and has a
large community of developers and users. A IDE is much more than a text editor.
The Net Bean IDE match the brackets and words, high light the source code and
indents lines. Through the Net Beans IDE code can easily be refactor.

4.9.1 NETBEANS VERSION 8.2

NetBeans IDE 8.2 provides out-of-the-box code analyzers and editors for working.
NetBeans IDE 8.2 is available in English, Brazilian Portuguese, Japanese, Russian,
and Simplified Chinese.

4.9.2 NETBEANS IDE BUNDLE FOR PHP

The Net Beans supports the PHP. The bundle for PHP includes:
 PHP code debugging with Xdebugg.
 Code Coverage.

36
 Syntax highlighting, code completion, occurrence highlighting, error
highlighting, CVS version control.
 Semantic analysis with highlighting of parameters and unused local
variables.
 Symfony framework support (since version 6.8).
 Zend Framework support (since version 6.9).
 Yii Framework support (since version 7.3).
 PHP 5.3 namespace and closure support (since version 6.8). [15]

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Chapter No. 5 IMPLEMENTATION

5.1 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DYNAMIC

INTERFACE OF MEDIA & COMMUNICATION

5.1.1 LOGIN OF ADMIN

Below is the login page of Admin. For login to this admin need to provide
username and password.

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Figure 5- 10: Login of Admin

39
5.1.2 ADMIN PANEL

Below is the snapshot of admin panel where Admin

 can add students and teachers

 create events
 manage user accounts
 upload results
 Manage notice board information
 Check enquiry
 Control all setting related to website

Figure 5- 11: Admin Panel

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5.1.3 TEACHER LOGIN

Below is the login page of Teacher. For login to this teacher need to provide
username and password.

Figure 5- 12: Teacher Login

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5.1.4 LECTURES UPLOAD BY TEACHER

Below is the snapshot of the page where teacher can

 Upload and delete the lectures

 Upload and delete the assignment

Figure 5- 13: Lecture Upload by teacher

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5.1.5 ENQUIRY CHECKED BY TEACHER

This is a page where all enquiries send by students are checked by teacher.

Figure 5- 14: Enquiry Checked by Teacher

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5.1.6 STUDENT REGISTRATION

Below is the registration page of Students. For login to this website student need
to provide full name, father name, cnic, email, roll number and phone number.

Figure 5- 15: Student Registration

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5.1.7 STUDENT LOGIN

Below is the login page of Students. For login to this student need to provide
username and password.

Figure 5- 16: Student Login

45
5.1.8 MAIN PAGE

This is the main page of Dynamic Web Interface Of Media and Communication.

Figure 5- 17: Main Page

46
47
5.1.9 ENQUIRY SEND BY STUDENT

User can send the enquiry to the admin.

Figure 5- 18: Enquiry Send By Student

48
5.1.10 ENQUIRY CHECK BY ADMIN

This is a page where all enquiries send by students are checked by admin.

Figure 5- 19: Enquiry Check By Admin

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5.1.11TIME TABLE UPLOAD BY ADMIN

Below is the snapshot where admin can

 Upload the time table

 Delete the time table
 Active / Pending the time table

Figure 5- 20: Time Table Upload By Admin

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5.1.12 TIME TABLE DISPLAY AT MAIN PAGE

Users can see the time table on main page by clicking on notice board option and
choose the time table.

Figure 5- 21: Time Table Display at Main Page

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5.1.13 RESULT UPLOAD BY ADMIN

Below is the snapshot where admin can

 Upload the result

 Delete the result
 Active / Pending the result

Figure 5- 22: Result Upload by Admin

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5.1.14 RESULT SHOW AT MAIN PAGE

Below is the snapshot of page where students can see or download the result in
pdf file.

Figure 5- 23: Result show at Main Page

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5.1.15 GALLERY

Below is the snapshot of gallery page of Dynamic Web Interface of Media and
Communication.

Figure 5- 24: Gallery

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Chapter No. 6 RESULTS AND
CONCLUSION

6.1 RESULT
The results of the Smart Timetable Management System implementation
demonstrate a significant reduction in manual workload associated with
timetable management, resulting in heightened efficiency and streamlined
processes. User feedback indicates a positive reception to the user-friendly
interface, real-time updates, and the convenience of automated scheduling. The
system's ability to provide cross-platform accessibility has contributed to
widespread adoption among both students and faculty members.

6.2 CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the implementation of the Smart Timetable Management System
has successfully addressed the challenges associated with traditional timetable
management. The integration of automated scheduling algorithms, coupled with
an intuitive user interface, has proven instrumental in enhancing the overall
efficiency of academic scheduling. The positive feedback received underscores
the system's impact on user experience and operational effectiveness. This
project concludes with the affirmation that modernizing timetable management
through smart applications and software engineering principles has yielded
tangible benefits.

6.3 FUTURE RECOMMENDATION

For future enhancements, considerations should be given to expanding the
system's analytic capabilities. Incorporating predictive analytics for
identifying optimal scheduling patterns and leveraging machine learning

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algorithms could further refine the automated scheduling process.
Additionally, exploring integration possibilities with educational platforms
and learning management systems could enhance the overall academic
experience. Continuous user feedback mechanisms and periodic system
updates will be instrumental in adapting the Smart Timetable Management
System to evolving educational needs and technological advancements. As
the system evolves, collaboration with educational institutions for tailored
feature development and scalability considerations will be pivotal for
sustained success.

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REFERENCES

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