Natural Resources of Pakistan

Natural Resources of Pakistan
Natural Resources, Agriculture
1: Natural Resources
_ Mineral Resources
_ Rivers and Canals
_ Forests
_ Animals
2: Agriculture
1: Natural Resources:
The resources endowed by the nature to the country and the people are called Na�onal
Resources, e.g., Mineral resources, rivers, forests and animals. Agricultural lands hold key to
development and prosperity of a country.
The rate of development and prosperity of a country depends on efforts to make use of it.
Effec�ve management and human efforts are needed to avail them. Modern technology is also
required to make use of it.
Mineral Resources:
Pakistan is blessed with considerable mineral resources. Some of them are explored but much
remains to be done for the search for more. Some important resources are:
• Iron Ore is used for industry, especially steel industry. It is found in limited
quan�ty and low quality. Most of the required Iron ore is imported from abroad. Its
deposits are found in Chitral, Chaghai, Kohat, Kurram Agency, Mardan, Hazara,
Mianwali (Kalabagh) and DG Khan.
• Chromite: is used in preparing other metals, leather tanning, making of steel
products, armament and stainless steel. The deposits of Chromite are found in Zoab
(Muslim Bagh), Chaghai, Malakand, Mahmand, Waziristan, Fort Sandaman etc.
• Gypsum is used for plaster of Paris, Paints and Cement. It is found in Jhelum,
Mianwali, DG Khan, Kohat and Loralai.
• Sulphur is used by chemical industry. Its deposits are found in Kalat, Khairpur,
Mardan, and Jacobabad etc.

• Coal is used in power genera�on. It is basically used as fuel. It is not found in
good quan�ty and quality. It is mostly found in Sindh (Thata, Tharparkar, Manara)
Balochistan (Deegari, Sharig, Soer, Khost, Maach, Hernai), Punjab (Makarwal, Dandot),
NWFP (Cherat and Noshera).
• Oil: It is a major source of energy. It is mostly imported from Iran and Gulf
states. Now some valuable reserves are found in Jhelum, Mianwali, Atock, Balkasar,
Mial, Chakwal, and Dhodak.
• Gas: it is itself a source of energy and fuel, and also used as a source of power
genera�on. It is found in Sui, Mari, Uch, Khairpur, Jacobabad etc. Now some new
discoveries are also found.
• Uranium: It is the basic element for atomic power, indispensable for the defence.
Its deposits are in DG Khan, Hazara and Kohat.
Rivers:
The river system of Pakistan is consisted of Indus and other associated rivers. We have a
welldefined
Canal system. The most important one is the Indus Basin project.
What we require is the proper management of water, its conserva�on, effec�ve use, storage,
dams and flood control. Water is dangerous if it is too much, it become a problem if it is too litle.
It is used for Agriculture where it is the backbone of agro-economy. It is also a cheapest source of
hydroelectric Power genera�on.
Forests:
Normally 25 percent area of a country should be covered with forest. But in Pakistan it is only 4 to
5 percent.
Some areas are not suitable for planta�on like deserts and dry mountains. It is because of
shortage of water and rainfall. Deforesta�on is also due to unplanned cu�ng of trees.
Advantages:
Forests have many advantages. They are helpful in improvement of weather. Protect against
windstorms, help in slow mel�ng of snow to stop floods. They add greenery, beauty and fresh air
to the environment. Plants are source of food, medicine, �mber, chemicals and fer�lizers. They
are the homes of animals, birds and insects. They are also used as fuel.
Animals:
Animals provide milk, meat, hide and skins, wool etc. They are also used for agriculture and
transporta�on. They are a source of foreign exchange.
Their proper breeding requires planning and care. Animal husbandry and colleges of research are
established to breed and cure useful species of animals. Department of Live Stock also provides
Support System for raising animals both privately and through Government Projects. Government
farms and military farms are also working for that purpose.
Fisheries:
It is also a source of food and income. Department of fisheries also encourage private farmers to
invest in this field and add to personal and na�onal wealth.
2: Agriculture
Pakistan is an agricultural country. More than 70 percent of its popula�on lives in rural areas.
Over 50 percent are directly engaged in farming or agro-based ac�vi�es.
• Share of agriculture to GDP is 26 percent.
• In Punjab and Sindh plains are very large. There are irrigated farmlands.
• Two major crops are yielded in a year
(a) RABI: Sown in October-November and produce obtained in April-May. Important
produces are Wheat, Gram, Oil seeds.
(b) KHARIF: Sown in May-June and produce is obtained in October-November.
Important crops are Rice, Sugar Cane, Coton etc.
• Main crops: Wheat, Rice, Coton, Sugar Cane, Gram, Maize, Mustard, Tobacco,
Oil seeds, Fruits and vegetables.
• Land Reforms are introduced from �me to �me by different governments: in
1959, 1972, and 1977. The aim was to reduce land holding and to strengthen the
posi�on of tenants. It was done for improving yield per acre and poverty allevia�on in
agriculture field.
Problems in Agriculture:
There are number of problems in our agriculture, for instance:
1. Outdated modes of cul�va�on, which cause low per acre yield.

2. Water Logging and Salinity.
Aten�on is being given to these since mid 1960.
3. Crop diseases are big problem. Technical support is being provided by
Department of Agricultural. It helped to overcome the problem. Our inputs have problem
of quality, which cause low prices in market. Other handicaps are low quality seeds,
costly fer�lizers, non-availability of electricity or oil for tube well etc.
4. Water related problem, some�mes it is too litle, but some�mes it is too much.
Cleaning of Canals is also necessary to provide water at the end of canal.
5. Credit facili�es are also problema�c.
6. Access to market is difficult.
7. Availability of reasonable price should be ensured for the welfare of the farmers
and high yield of crop.
Agriculture and Development Plans:
• Research is done for the development of high yield seeds giving beter output.
Informa�on and guidance is being provided to the common farmer to enjoy the fruits
of Pakistan
the advance research in the field of agriculture. University educa�on is developed in
various parts of Pakistan especially in Faisalabad and Jamshoro. Emphasis is laid on
modern technology in prac�cal field.
• Communica�on and transporta�on facili�es are increased.
• Government ensures the payment to the farmers for their produce immediately.

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Natural Resources of Pakistan

Natural Resources, Agriculture

_ Rivers and Canals

development and prosperity of a country.

required to make use of it.

Mianwali (Kalabagh) and DG Khan.

• Chromite: is used in preparing other metals, leather tanning, making of steel

(Muslim Bagh), Chaghai, Malakand, Mahmand, Waziristan, Fort Sandaman etc.

Mianwali, DG Khan, Kohat and Loralai.

Mardan, and Jacobabad etc.

NWFP (Cherat and Noshera).

Mial, Chakwal, and Dhodak.

discoveries are also found.

Its deposits are in DG Khan, Hazara and Kohat.

hydroelectric Power genera�on.

transporta�on. They are a source of foreign exchange.

invest in this ﬁeld and add to personal and na�onal wealth.

Over 50 percent are directly engaged in farming or agro-based ac�vi�es.

• Share of agriculture to GDP is 26 percent.

• Two major crops are yielded in a year

(a) RABI: Sown in October-November and produce obtained in April-May. Important

produces are Wheat, Gram, Oil seeds.

(b) KHARIF: Sown in May-June and produce is obtained in October-November.

Important crops are Rice, Sugar Cane, Coton etc.

Oil seeds, Fruits and vegetables.

• Land Reforms are introduced from �me to �me by diﬀerent governments: in

There are number of problems in our agriculture, for instance:

1. Outdated modes of cul�va�on, which cause low per acre yield.

Aten�on is being given to these since mid 1960.

3. Crop diseases are big problem. Technical support is being provided by

costly fer�lizers, non-availability of electricity or oil for tube well etc.

Cleaning of Canals is also necessary to provide water at the end of canal.

5. Credit facili�es are also problema�c.

6. Access to market is diﬃcult.

and high yield of crop.

Agriculture and Development Plans:

the advance research in the ﬁeld of agriculture. University educa�on is developed in

various parts of Pakistan especially in Faisalabad and Jamshoro. Emphasis is laid on

modern technology in prac�cal ﬁeld.

• Communica�on and transporta�on facili�es are increased.

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