Web Development Basics
1. HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
● Purpose: Structure the content on the web.
● Elements: Building blocks such as <div>, <h1>, <p>, <a>, <img>, etc.
● Attributes: Provide additional information like id, class, href, src, etc.
● Semantic HTML: Use elements like <header>, <footer>, <article>, and
<section> for better accessibility and SEO.
2. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
● Purpose: Style and layout the web pages.
● Selectors: Target HTML elements (e.g., #id, .class, element).
● Properties: Define styles like color, font-size, margin, padding, display, etc.
● Box Model: Understand content, padding, border, and margin.
● Flexbox/Grid: Layout systems for responsive design.
● Media Queries: Create responsive designs for different screen sizes.
3. JavaScript (JS)
● Purpose: Make web pages interactive.
● Syntax: Use variables (let, const), functions (function name()), and events (e.g.,
onclick).
● DOM Manipulation: Use methods like getElementById, querySelector to interact
with the DOM.
● Event Handling: Respond to user actions using addEventListener.
● AJAX/Fetch API: Load data asynchronously without refreshing the page.
4. Responsive Design
● Purpose: Ensure web pages look good on all devices.
● Techniques: Fluid grids, flexible images, and media queries.
● Frameworks: Use Bootstrap, Foundation, or CSS Grid for faster development.
5. Version Control with Git
● Purpose: Track changes and collaborate on code.
● Commands: git init, git add, git commit, git push, git pull.
● Branching: Create (git branch), switch (git checkout), and merge (git merge)
branches.
6. Web Hosting & Deployment
● Web Servers: Serve your website on the internet (e.g., Apache, Nginx).
● Hosting Services: Platforms like GitHub Pages, Netlify, Vercel, or traditional hosting
providers.
● Deployment: Push your code to a live server for public access.
7. Basic SEO (Search Engine Optimization)
● Purpose: Improve your website’s visibility in search engines.
● Meta Tags: Use <meta> for descriptions, keywords, and author information.
● Headings: Use <h1>, <h2>, etc., to structure content.
● Alt Text: Add alt attributes to images for better accessibility.
8. Security Basics
● HTTPS: Ensure your site uses HTTPS for secure communication.
● Input Validation: Sanitize user input to prevent attacks like XSS and SQL Injection.
● Authentication: Implement secure login systems and manage sessions properly.
