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summarized short notes on web development

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16 views

summarized short notes on web development

Uploaded by

bereket g
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Here are short notes on web development, covering key concepts, technologies, and practices:

1. Introduction to Web Development

 Web Development: The process of creating and maintaining websites or web applications.

o Frontend Development: Focuses on what users see and interact with (UI/UX).

o Backend Development: Deals with server-side, databases, and application logic.

o Full-stack Development: Involves both frontend and backend development.

2. Frontend Development

Frontend refers to the user interface and experience on the web.

Key Technologies

 HTML (HyperText Markup Language):

o Structure of web pages (headings, paragraphs, lists, images, links).

o Basic structure:

o <html>

o <head><title>Page Title</title></head>

o <body><h1>My Web Page</h1></body>

o </html>

 CSS (Cascading Style Sheets):

o Used to style HTML elements (colors, layouts, fonts).

o Example:

o body {

o background-color: lightblue;

o }

o h1 {

o color: darkblue;

o }

 JavaScript:

o Adds interactivity to web pages (e.g., form validation, dynamic content).


o Example:

o document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = "Hello, World!";

Frontend Frameworks and Libraries

 React: A JavaScript library for building user interfaces with components.

 Vue.js: A progressive JavaScript framework for building UIs and SPAs (Single Page Applications).

 Angular: A TypeScript-based framework for building complex, dynamic web apps.

 Bootstrap: A CSS framework for responsive web design (grids, components).

3. Backend Development

Backend refers to the server-side of the web, handling databases, authentication, and the logic behind
the scenes.

Key Technologies

 Programming Languages:

o Node.js: JavaScript runtime used for server-side development.

o Python: Widely used with frameworks like Django or Flask.

o PHP: A server-side scripting language often used for web applications.

o Ruby: Used with the Ruby on Rails framework.

o Java: Popular for large-scale web applications (Spring Framework).

 Web Servers:

o Apache: Open-source HTTP server used for serving web pages.

o Nginx: High-performance web server and reverse proxy server.

Databases

 Relational Databases:

o MySQL: A popular open-source RDBMS.

o PostgreSQL: Advanced open-source RDBMS.

 NoSQL Databases:

o MongoDB: A document-oriented NoSQL database.

o Cassandra: A distributed NoSQL database for handling large volumes of data.


4. Web Development Tools

Version Control

 Git: A version control system to track changes in code.

 GitHub: A platform to host Git repositories and collaborate with others.

Package Managers

 npm (Node Package Manager): For managing JavaScript libraries and packages in Node.js
projects.

 Yarn: An alternative to npm, focusing on speed and reliability.

Build Tools

 Webpack: A module bundler that combines JavaScript, CSS, and other assets.

 Babel: A JavaScript compiler to use next-gen JavaScript features in older browsers.

5. Web Development Best Practices

 Responsive Design: Ensuring websites look good on any device (desktop, tablet, mobile).

o Media Queries: Used in CSS to apply styles based on the device's screen size.

 SEO (Search Engine Optimization): Techniques to improve a website’s visibility on search


engines.

 Performance Optimization: Techniques like image compression, code splitting, and lazy loading
to speed up web apps.

 Security:

o HTTPS: Secure protocol for encrypting data between users and servers.

o OWASP: Open Web Application Security Project guidelines to prevent common


vulnerabilities like SQL injection, XSS.

6. Web Application Frameworks

Frameworks help simplify and organize web development by providing structure and built-in features.

 Frontend Frameworks:

o React: For building user interfaces with reusable components.

o Vue.js: For building reactive web applications with a flexible architecture.

o Angular: A complete frontend framework for building SPAs with TypeScript.


 Backend Frameworks:

o Express: A minimal web framework for Node.js.

o Django: A Python-based framework for rapid web development.

o Flask: A lightweight Python framework for small to medium web applications.

o Ruby on Rails: A full-stack Ruby framework for database-backed web applications.

7. Web Deployment and Hosting

 Deployment: The process of publishing a web application online.

o Heroku: A cloud platform for deploying web apps with minimal setup.

o Netlify: A platform for deploying static websites, supporting continuous deployment.

o AWS: Amazon Web Services provides scalable cloud computing services for hosting and
deployment.

o DigitalOcean: A cloud service provider offering simple cloud hosting solutions.

These notes cover the fundamental concepts and tools in web development, offering a foundation for
building both static and dynamic web applications.

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