TSHWANE UNIVERSITY OF

TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING

Course / Code: A D V A N C E D C O N V E R S I O N S Y S T E M S -
ACS307B

TUTORIALS
ACS307B Advanced Conversion Systems Tutorials 2021 -2-

MODULE 1

1.1 Determine the average, rms, ac values, form factor, ripple factor and crest factor for the below
current waveforms. Assume Im = 50 A, T = 100 μs and k = 0.4.

i i i i
( ( ( (
I t I t It I t
m m m m

   
 2  2  2 k T
   T

I 2 I 2 I 4 I 2
a a a a
v v v v
I 2 I 2 I 4 I 2
r r r r

I 2 I 2 I 4 I 2
a a a a
c c c c
F 2 F 2 F 4 F 2
F F F F
= = = =
R 2 R 2 R 4 R 2
F F F F
= = = =
C 2 C 2 C 4 C 2
F F F F
= = = =
ACS307B Advanced Conversion Systems Tutorials 2021 -3-
1.2 Determine the average (Vav), rms (Vrms), ac value (Vac), form factor (FF), ripple factor (RF)
and crest factor (CF) for the voltage waveforms below. Assume the values of A = 20 and T = 50
μs.

T/10
a) V

A
T/2 T t

π/6 π/6
V
b)
A
π 2π ωt
A/2

T/10
V
c)
A
t
T/2 T

δ δ δ δ δ = π/12
V
d)
A
ωt
π 2π
ACS307B Advanced Conversion Systems Tutorials 2021 -4-
1.3 A parallel connected R C snubber protects a device against dv/dt.

1.3.1 Determine the the value of R if the discharging current must be limited to 10 A and supply
voltage is Vs = 240 V. (3)
1.3.2 Determine the dv/dt if Cs = 0.1 F. (3)
1.3.3 Calculate the power dissipated in the snubber resistor if the device operates at 1 kHz.
(3)

1.4 A thyristor controls a load of RL = 5  supplied from Vs = 240V; the stray inductance is
neglected and the thyristor operates at a frequency of 500 Hz. If the required dv/dt is 120
V/sec and the discharge current is to be limited to 100 A, determine:
1.4.1 the values of Rs; (3)
1.4.2 the value of Cs; (3)
1.4.3 the snubber loss. (3)

1.5 A transistor device has to operate at a frequency of 10 kHz, 50 % duty cycle; supply voltage
is Vs = 360 V, the maximum current is ICE = 100 A, the collector-emitter leakage current
is ICEo = 1 mA, saturation voltage is VCEsat = 2.4 V. The switching parameters are tdON =
50nsec, tr = 100nsec, tdOff = 80nsec and tf = 150nsec.

1.5.1 Determine the power dissipated during tdON (5)

1.5.2 Write the expression that describe the time-variation of the current iCE (t) during the raising
time tr. (2)

1.5.3 Write the expression that describe the time-variation of the voltage vCE (t) during the raising
time tr. (2)

1.5.4 Determine the power dissipated during the raising time tr. (6)
1.5.5 Determine the power dissipated during the saturation time tn. (4)

1.5.6 Determine the power dissipated during tdOFF. (4)

1.5.7 Write the expression that describe the time-variation of the current iCE (t) during the falling
time tf. (2)

1.5.8 Write the expression that describe the time-variation of the current vCE (t) during the falling
time tf. (2)

1.5.9 Determine the power dissipated during the falling time tf. (6)

1.5.10 Determine the power dissipated during the off-time to. (4)
ACS307B Advanced Conversion Systems Tutorials 2021 -5-
1.6 Consider that the power dissipated into a transistor device is 180 W and the thermal
parameters of the device are Rth-jc = 0.11 K/W, Rth-cs = 0.03 K/W, Rth-sa = 0.11 K/W and the
ambient temperature is 350C. Determine the junction temperature. (3)

1.7 Calculate the thermal resistance for a heat sink used for a transistor with the power
dissipated on it of 200W, Rth-jc = 0.09 K/W, Rth-cs = 0.02 K/W, the ambient temperature of
450C and if the maximum allowable temperature of the junction is 950C. (3)

1.8 According with the calculation the thermal resistance of the heat sink is 0.14 K/W and in
the shop you find two heat sinks one of 0.16 K/W and another of 0.1 K/W.
1.8.1 What value do you choose? (3)
1.8.2 Briefly (two three words) explain why. (3)

1.9 A thyristor must control a DC load of R = 10  and L = 400 mH that is supplied from VS =
360V. The latching current of the thyristor is IL = 75 mA and the firing pulse width is 30
sec.
1.9.1 Find if the thyristor will be ON after the firing pulse is finished (6)
1.9.2 If the thyristor is OFF find the parallel resistor R 2 across the load in order to ensure the
latching current after 30 sec. (4)
1.9.3 Calculate the width of the pulse that ensures thyristor to stay ON with no other auxiliary
resistor. (5)

EXTRA PROBLEMS

1.9 Problem 4.3, p. 165, Rashid, 3rd edition.

1.10 Problem 4.4, p.165, Rashid, 3rd edition.

1.11 Problem 4.6, p.165, Rashid, 3rd edition.

1.12 The switching waveforms for a BJT with a turn-on snubber are shown below, where
VCC = 400 V, VCE(sat) = 2.5 V, and the collector current in the on-state is ICE = 80 A. The
collector leakage current is negligible (ICEO = 0 A). Calculate the total average power
dissipation.
ACS307B Advanced Conversion Systems Tutorials 2021 -6-
vCE
VCC

VCE(sat)
t

5 s 115 s 10 s toff = 90 s
iC ICE

t
T

1.13 The switching waveforms for a BJT with a turn-off snubber are shown below. Use the
same values as in the previous problem and calculate again the total average power dissipation.

vCE
VCC

VCE(sat)
t

5 s 115 s 10 s toff = 90 s
iC ICE

t
T

1.14 The switching waveforms for a BJT with turn-on and turn-off snubbers are shown
below. Use the same values as in the previous two problems and calculate again the total
average power dissipation.

vCE
VCC

VCE(sat)
t

5 s 115 s 10 s toff = 90 s
iC ICE

t
T
ACS307B Advanced Conversion Systems Tutorials 2021 -7-
1.15 The maximum junction temperature of a transistor is TJ = 125 ºC and the ambient
temperature is TA = 35 ºC. If the thermal impedances are RJC = 0.3 ºC/W, RCS = 0.1 ºC/W, and
RSA = 0.2 ºC/W, calculate a) the maximum power dissipation, and b) the sink temperature.

1.16 A power MOSFET with RJC = 0.3 ºC/W is operating with a total average power of 120
W. The device is mounted on a heat sink with parameters RCS = 0.1 ºC/W, and RSA = 0.4 ºC/W.
If the ambient temperature is TA = 25 ºC, determine the temperature of the: a) junction, b) case,
and c) heat sink.

1.17 A rectifier must be connected to a 220 VRMS supply with a series inductance of Ls =
40 μH. Calculate the minimum required di/dt rating of the thyristors in the rectifier.

1.18 A device is connected to a 400 V DC supply and must be protected by a RC snubber

for a maximum dv/dt of 500 V/μs.
2.25.1 Determine the value of the maximum discharge current if the snubber resistor is Rs =
20 Ω.
2.25.2 Determine the value of the snubber capacitance Cs.
2.25.3 Calculate the power dissipated in the snubber resistor if the device operates at 5 kHz.

1.19 A thyristor controls a load of RL = 2  supplied from Vs = 230VRMS; the stray inductance
is neglected and the thyristor operates at a frequency of 100 Hz. If the value of Rs is 4.7 Ω and
the value of Cs is 1 F, determine:
1.19.1 the discharge current;
1.19.2 dv/dt;
1.19.3 the snubber loss.

1.20 Problem 7.7, p. 351, Rashid, 3rd edition.

ACS307B Advanced Conversion Systems Tutorials 2021 -8-
MODULE 2

2.1 A single-phase diode bridge rectifier has a pure resistive load of R = 3.14 Ω. If the rectifier
is supplied from an ac source of 240V, determine:
2.1.1 the dc output voltage;
2.1.2 the rms output voltage;
2.1.3 the ac component of the output voltage;
2.1.4 the efficiency of rectifier;
2.1.5 the transformer utilisation factor;

2.2 Problem 3.7, p. 120, Rashid, 3rd edition.

2.3 A single-phase diode bridge rectifier must supply an average ripple free current of 12 A to
a highly inductive load. If the rectifier is supplied from an ac source of 230 V, determine:
2.3.1 the dc output voltage;
2.3.2 the rms output voltage;
2.3.3 the ac component of the output voltage;
2.3.4 the rms output current (Irms);
2.3.5 the the rms supply current (Is)
2.3.6 the apparent power of the transformer (S);

2.4 A single-phase diode rectifier is required to supply an average voltage of Vdc = 216 V to a
highly inductive load at a ripple-free current of Idc = 14 A.
2.4.1 Determine the rms supply voltage (Vs) necessary to produce the required dc output voltage.

2.4.2 Calculate the rms output current (Irms).

2.4.3 Find the rms current (Ir) through one diode.
2.4.4 Determine the average dc current (Iav) through one diode.
2.4.5 Find the PIV across one diode.
2.4.6 Calculate the rms supply current (Is).
2.4.7 Find the apparent power of the transformer (S).
2.4.8 Draw the waveforms of the output voltage, output current, supply current and the current
through one of the diodes.

2.5 Problem 10.5, p. 497, Rashid, 3rd edition.

2.6 A single-phase full-converter (thyristor controlled) has a load of R = 3.14 Ω. The ac input
supply voltage is a single-phase 220 V / 50 Hz. The firing angle is α = 400.
2.6.1 Find the dc output current (Idc).
2.6.2 Determine the rms output voltage (Vo(rms)).
2.6.3 Calculate the rms input current (Is).
2.6.4 Find the input power factor.

2.7 Problem 10.8, p. 498, Rashid, 3rd edition.

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2.8 A 2 kW DC motor has a rated dc voltage of 150 V. This DC motor must be controlled by
a single-phase thyristor rectifier via a 230 V ac supply. Determine the following for the
rectifier:
2.8.1 The firing angle α.
2.8.2 The dc current of the motor.
2.8.3 the average dc current (Iav) through one thyristor.
2.8.4 the maximum voltage (PIV) across each thyristor.
2.8.5 the apparent power of the transformer (S).