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    (FNP Lec 4) Transes

    Uploaded by

    Katrina Jhane Mercado
    Fundamentals

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    (FNP Lec 4) Transes

    Uploaded by

    Katrina Jhane Mercado
    2 views2 pages
    Fundamentals

    Original Title

    [FNP LEC 4] TRANSES

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    Fundamentals

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2 views2 pages

    (FNP Lec 4) Transes

    Uploaded by

    Katrina Jhane Mercado
    Fundamentals

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    FUNDAMENTALS: PAIN MANAGEMENT ACUTE PAIN

    TOPIC OUTLINE Ø sudden, severe, short term pain


    1 PAIN EXAMPLE:
    2 FACTORS AFFECTING HOW PAIN IS PERCEIVED new bump, bruise or cut
    3 TYPES OF PAIN
    4 SOUCES OF PAIN CHRONIC PAIN
    5 DIAGNOSIS OF PAIN
    6 PAIN MANIFESTATION: SIGNS & SYMPTOMS Ø long term pain
    7 PAIN MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES Ø recurring, over an extended time
    EXAMPLE:
    back pain that happens in long term
    PAIN DEFINED

    Ø very personal REFERRED PAIN


    Ø both physical & emotional
    Ø the feeling of pain in one part of the body that is caused
    Ø not everyone is experiencing pain in the exact same
    way by pain or injury in another part of the body
    EXAMPLE:
    ü something may be painful to one person may
    not be painful to another chest pain from a heart attack could trigger pain in the
    jaw

    PHANTOM PAIN
    FACTORS AFFECTING HOW PAIN IS PERCEIVED

    Ø pain that feels like it is coming from a body part that is


    FACTORS
    no longer there
    1 PHYSICAL AND CULTURAL VARIABLES
    Ø TEST TIPS REAL PAIN!
    2 DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES
    ü must treat it like real pain with real
    3 ENVIRONMENTAL & SUPPORT PEOPLE
    medications
    4 PREVIOUS PAIN EXPERIENCES
    EXAMPLE:
    5 MEANING OF PAIN
    clients with amputations
    Ø real sensations from the spinal cord and brain
    MEANING OF PAIN

    Ø some people see pain as a good thing in certain


    SOURCES OF PAIN
    situations
    EXAMPLE:
    GATE CONTROL THEORY OF PAIN
    Chemotherapy is hurting me because it means it’s
    working
    Ø asserts that non-painful input closes the nerves or gates
    to painful input
    ü prevents pain sensations from traveling to the
    TYPES OF PAIN
    CNS

    TYPES OF PAIN
    STEPS
    1 ACUTE PAIN ü Gates built into normal pain pathways
    2 CHRONIC PAIN
    ü Gates open & pain impulse transmitted to brain
    3 REFERRED PAIN ü Gates close & pain impulse is reduced
    4 PHANTOM PAIN

    DRGB 1
    gg

    DIAGNOSIS OF PAIN ACKNOWLEDGE THE PAIN

    Ø LOOK FOR: Ø only about 5% of pain reporters are found to be


    1. Location exaggerating
    2. Description Ø reduce anxiety about pain
    1 burning, aching, etc.
    3. Timing PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT
    1 time of day or with activity
    NON-OPIOID MEDICATIONS
    GREAT TOOL FOR DIAGNOSIS: OPQRST
    O ONSET Ø NSAIDS
    P PROVOCATION Ø Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
    Q QUALITY OF PAIN
    R RADIATION (if pain goes anywhere) OPIOID MEDICATIONS
    S SEVERITY (pain scale 1 – 10)
    T TIME Ø heavy duty medications

    OPIOID MEDICATIONS
    PAIN MANIFESTATIONS: SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
    Ø a type of psychotherapy
    Ø clients will experience these signs & symptoms based
    on the severity of pain NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT

    SIGNS & SYMPTOMS TREATMENT


    PALLOR pale
    ü breathing techniques
    usually for very severe pain ü distraction TOP TESTED
    DIAPHORESIS sweating *TV
    *reading
    TACHYCARDIA heart rate over 100+
    *games
    HYPERTENSION blood pressure over 140 systolic
    ü heat or cold application NCLEX TIP
    FAINTING / DIZZINESS acute pain
    ü rest
    ANXIETY / FEAR chronic pain or trauma
    ü meditation
    CLENCHED FIST
    ü massage
    RESTLESSNESS change in mental status

    PAIN MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES

    STRATEGIES
    1 FORMULATE A PLAN
    2 ACKNOWLEDGE THE PAIN
    3 PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT
    4 NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT

    FORMULATE A PLAN

    1. Educate the client to make REALISTIC pain goals


    2. Keep client involved in strategies to manage pain

    DRGB 2

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