With Answers

TYBCom (EM) Sem-6 English - W & S C Skills
SYLLABUS FOR SEM-6 (ENGLISH – WRITTEN & SPOKEN COMMUNICATION SKILLS)
TEXTBOOK-1: ENGLISH AND SOFT SKILLS VOLUME-2 by S. P. Dhanavel
Chapter 6 Positivity Skills
Chapter 7 Reliability
Chapter 8 Professional Skills
Chapter 9 Leadership Skills
Chapter 10 Holistic and Visionary Skills
TEXTBOOK-2: SPOKEN ENGLISH: A Foundation Course Part-II by K. Sadanand & S. Punitha

(For Dialogue writing)
Module 9 41. Talking about Future Events
42. Talking about Intentions and Plans
43. Talking about Purpose and Consequence
44. Talking about Arrangements
45. Reporting What People Said
Module 10 46. Expressing Certainty and Uncertainty
47. Expressing Possibility and Impossibility
48. Expressing Probability and Improbability
49. Expressing Obligation and Necessity
50. Expressing Ability and Inability
Notice, Agenda, Minutes
Power point Presentation (with bullet points in slides & script of presentation below each slide)
Distribution of marks for the University Examination
Q.1. Short answer type questions based on the skills taught: (any 5 out of 7) 10 marks
Q.2.A Dialogue writing (1 out of 2) 07 marks
Q.2.B Narration of a situation or a case to illustrate the application 07 marks

of a particular skill. (1 out of 2)
Q.3.A Notice & Agenda/Minutes (any 1 out of 2) 09 marks
Q.3.B Presentation (any 1 out of 2) 09 marks
Q.4.A Phrasal verbs (any 2 out of 4) 04 marks
Q.4.B Idioms (any 2 out of 4) 04 marks
Total 50 marks
1
DIALOGUE WRITING SAMPLES:

1. Conversations on Future Plans
[At a college canteen, three students - Riya, Rahul, and Priya - sit together, sipping on their
tea and discussing their future plans.]
Riya: So, guys, have you thought about what you're going to do after graduation?
Rahul: Yeah, I've been considering applying for a master's program abroad, maybe in the US
or Canada.
Priya: That sounds exciting! I'm thinking of doing the same, but I'm torn between pursuing
further studies or joining a company right away.
Riya: I'm leaning more towards gaining some work experience first. It'll give me a better idea
of what field I want to specialize in for my master's.
Rahul: That makes sense. Plus, having work experience can strengthen your application
when you do decide to go for higher studies.
Priya: True. But I also feel like if I delay my studies now, it might be harder to get back into
that mindset later on.
Riya: I get what you mean. It's a tough decision to make. Have you considered doing
internships during your undergrad to get a taste of both worlds?
Priya: I have, actually. I've been applying to some internships in my field of interest.
Hopefully, that'll help me figure out my path.
Rahul: That's a smart move. Internships can provide valuable insights and help you network
with professionals in the industry.
Priya: Definitely. So, Riya, what about you? Any specific companies or industries you're
interested in?
Riya: I'm still exploring my options, but I'm interested in the tech sector. Maybe I'll look into
some startups or even try my luck at some big tech firms.
Rahul: That sounds promising. The tech industry is booming right now, and there are plenty
of opportunities for growth and innovation.
[They continue their conversation, sharing insights and advice as they navigate their future
plans.]
*************
2
2. Talking about Intentions and Plans
[In the bustling campus courtyard, three friends - Aarav, Neha, and Sanjana - find a spot to
sit and catch up on their future aspirations.]
Aarav: Hey, guys! How's everyone doing? Been thinking a lot about what lies ahead lately?
Neha: Absolutely! Can't help but wonder about life after college. Any ideas on what you
want to do, Aarav?
Aarav: Well, I'm considering pursuing civil services. The idea of serving the nation and
bringing about positive change excites me.
Sanjana: That's commendable, Aarav! Civil services would definitely provide a platform to
make a meaningful impact.
Neha: I'm still a bit unsure about my path. I've been contemplating between pursuing a
corporate career or exploring entrepreneurship.
Aarav: Both paths have their merits. Have you thought about what aspects of each option
appeal to you the most?
Neha: Yeah, I enjoy the idea of working in a dynamic corporate environment, but there's
also a part of me that craves the freedom and creativity of starting my own venture.
Sanjana: It's a tough choice, Neha. Maybe you could try internships in both fields to get a
feel for what resonates with you more.
Aarav: Good point, Sanjana. Internships can provide valuable insights and help clarify your
career goals.
Sanjana: As for me, I'm passionate about environmental conservation. I'm considering
pursuing a career in sustainable development or working with NGOs.
Neha: That's awesome, Sanjana! Your dedication to environmental causes is inspiring.
Aarav: Absolutely! The world needs more individuals like you, working towards a greener
and more sustainable future.
[As they continue their discussion, they offer support and encouragement to one another in
their pursuit of meaningful paths.]
*************
3
3. Talking about Purpose and Consequence
[In a cozy corner of the college library, three friends - Ananya, Vikram, and Aditya - engage
in a thoughtful conversation about life's purpose and its consequences.]
Ananya: You know, lately, I've been reflecting on the purpose of our existence. Do you ever
wonder about why we're here and what impact we leave behind?
Vikram: Absolutely, Ananya. It's a deep question, but an important one. I believe each of us
has a unique purpose, something that gives meaning to our lives and influences the world
around us.
Aditya: I agree. Our actions, big or small, have consequences that ripple through time. It's
crucial to be mindful of how our choices shape the future.
Ananya: That's true. Sometimes, though, it feels overwhelming to think about the
consequences of every decision we make.
Vikram: It can be daunting, but it's also empowering. Recognizing the impact of our actions
allows us to make more informed choices and strive for positive change.
Aditya: Speaking of consequences, climate change is a prime example of how our collective
actions can have far-reaching effects on the planet.
Ananya: Absolutely. It's a pressing issue that requires urgent attention and action from
everyone.
Vikram: That's why I've been thinking about ways we can contribute to environmental
conservation efforts. Small lifestyle changes, like reducing waste and conserving energy, can
make a big difference in the long run.
Aditya: I couldn't agree more. Every little effort counts, and it's up to us to be stewards of
the environment for future generations.
Ananya: It's inspiring to see how our individual sense of purpose can align with broader
societal goals, like protecting the environment.
Vikram: Definitely. By living with intention and considering the consequences of our actions,
we can strive to lead fulfilling lives while making a positive impact on the world around us.
[Their conversation continues, weaving together themes of purpose, consequence, and the
collective responsibility to create a better future.]
*************
4
4. Talking about Arrangements
[In a bustling café near their college campus, three friends - Arjun, Priya, and Rohan - sit
down to discuss upcoming arrangements and events.]
Arjun: Hey, guys! Have you sorted out your plans for the upcoming college festival?
Priya: Not yet, Arjun. I'm still figuring out which events to participate in. There are so many
options this year!
Rohan: I know, right? The lineup looks amazing. I'm thinking of joining the debate
competition and maybe volunteering for the cultural showcase.
Arjun: That sounds like a solid plan, Rohan. I'm considering participating in the sports events
and helping out with the logistics for the music concert.
Priya: That's great, Arjun! We could definitely use your organizational skills to ensure
everything runs smoothly.
Arjun: Thanks, Priya! Speaking of organization, have you guys thought about
accommodation for the outstation students visiting during the festival?
Rohan: Oh, I completely forgot about that. We should start looking into booking
guesthouses or arranging home-stays for them.
Priya: That's a good point, Rohan. We need to ensure our guests feel welcome and have a
comfortable stay while they're here.
Arjun: I'll reach out to the college administration to see if they can provide any support or
guidance in arranging accommodations.
Priya: That would be helpful, Arjun. In the meantime, I'll start compiling a list of available
options and reaching out to local residents who might be willing to host.
Rohan: Sounds like a plan, guys. With everyone pitching in, we can make sure the festival is
a memorable and enjoyable experience for everyone involved.
[They continue their discussion, brainstorming ideas and making arrangements to ensure
the success of the upcoming college festival.]
*************
5
5. Reporting What People Said
[In the college cafeteria, three friends - Aisha, Karan, and Tanvi - sit down with their lunch
trays, eager to discuss recent conversations and share what others have said.]
Aisha: Hey, guys! I had the most interesting discussion with Professor Gupta today about the
upcoming research project.
Karan: Really? What did he say about it?
Aisha: Well, he emphasized the importance of choosing a topic that aligns with our interests
and has significant real-world implications.
Tanvi: That makes sense. It's crucial to select a research topic that we're passionate about
and that has the potential to make a meaningful impact.
Aisha: Exactly. Professor Gupta also mentioned that he'd be available to provide guidance
and support throughout the research process, which is reassuring.
Karan: That's great to hear. Having a supportive mentor can make a big difference in the
success of our project.
Aisha: Definitely. Oh, and speaking of support, I ran into Riya earlier, and she mentioned
that she's feeling overwhelmed with her course load.
Tanvi: Poor Riya. She always takes on so much. Did she say anything about how we can help
her?
Aisha: She didn't mention anything specific, but I think just being there for her and offering
to study together or assist with assignments could make a difference.
Karan: Agreed. It's important to support each other, especially during challenging times like
exams or when coursework gets overwhelming.
Tanvi: Absolutely. We're all in this together, and having a strong support system can make
the college experience much more manageable.
Aisha: Couldn't agree more. Let's make sure to check in on Riya and offer our help whenever
she needs it.
[As they enjoy their meal, the friends continue to share insights from their conversations,
reaffirming their bond and commitment to supporting one another throughout their
academic journey.]
************
6
6. Expressing Certainty and Uncertainty
[At a local café, three friends - Arjun, Neha, and Riya - gather for a chat, discussing various
aspects of certainty and uncertainty in their lives.]
Arjun: So, guys, how's everyone feeling about the upcoming exams? Are you confident
about your preparation?
Neha: Honestly, Arjun, I'm feeling quite uncertain. I've been studying hard, but there's
always that nagging doubt lingering in the back of my mind.
Riya: I'm in the same boat, Neha. No matter how much I study, I can't shake off the feeling
of uncertainty about how well I'll perform.
Arjun: I get it, guys. Exams can be stressful, and it's normal to feel uncertain about the
outcome. But remember, all we can do is our best.
Neha: You're right, Arjun. I just wish I had more certainty about whether all this hard work
will pay off.
Riya: Me too. It's tough not knowing what the future holds, especially when we've invested
so much time and effort into our studies.
Arjun: I understand where you're coming from. But sometimes, embracing uncertainty can
lead to growth and new opportunities we never imagined.
Neha: That's a comforting thought, Arjun. It's just hard to see the silver lining when you're
stuck in the midst of uncertainty.
Riya: True. But I guess we just have to trust in ourselves and our abilities to overcome
whatever challenges come our way.
Arjun: Absolutely. And remember, uncertainty is a natural part of life. It's how we respond
to it that defines our journey and shapes our future.
Neha: Thanks, Arjun. Your optimism is contagious. I feel a bit more certain now that we
have each other's support.
Riya: Agreed. Let's tackle these exams together, uncertainties and all!
[With renewed determination and support from each other, the friends toast to facing the
future with courage and resilience.]
************
7
7. Expressing Possibility and Impossibility
[In the college library, three friends - Rohan, Ayesha, and Ritu - gather to study and discuss
various possibilities and impossibilities they encounter.]
Rohan: Hey, guys! I've been brainstorming ideas for our group project, and I think I've come
up with a few possibilities worth considering.
Ayesha: That's great, Rohan! I'm excited to hear your ideas. What do you think are the
chances of us implementing them successfully?
Rohan: Well, it's hard to say for sure, but I believe with careful planning and teamwork, we
can turn these possibilities into realities.
Ritu: I agree. It's important to approach challenges with a positive mindset and explore all
possible solutions, no matter how unlikely they may seem.
Rohan: Exactly, Ritu. It's all about being open to new ideas and pushing the boundaries of
what's considered possible.
Ayesha: Speaking of possibilities, have you guys heard about the upcoming internship
opportunities at the research institute?
Rohan: I have, Ayesha. It's an exciting prospect, but I'm not sure if I have the necessary
qualifications or experience to apply.
Ritu: Don't sell yourself short, Rohan. You have a lot to offer, and you never know what
opportunities might arise if you put yourself out there.
Rohan: Thanks, Ritu. I'll definitely consider applying and see where it takes me.
Ayesha: That's the spirit, Rohan! Remember, sometimes the greatest opportunities come
from taking risks and stepping outside of your comfort zone.
Rohan: You're right, Ayesha. It's important not to limit ourselves by focusing only on what
seems possible. Who knows what we're capable of achieving if we dare to dream big?
Ritu: Absolutely. Let's embrace the possibilities and push the boundaries of what we believe
to be impossible.
[As they delve deeper into their studies, the friends remain open-minded, ready to explore
new possibilities and challenge perceived limitations.]
************
8
8. Expressing Probability and Improbability
[In a corner of the college campus, three friends - Anika, Vikram, and Rahul - engage in a
lively discussion about the probability and improbability of various events.]
Anika: Hey, guys! Have you heard about the upcoming student elections? What do you think
are the chances of our candidate winning?
Vikram: It's hard to say, Anika. While our candidate has a strong campaign and support from
many students, the outcome is still uncertain.
Rahul: Yeah, there are a lot of variables at play, like voter turnout and last-minute
developments. I'd say it's a fifty-fifty chance.
Anika: That's true. But even if the odds are against us, I believe our candidate has a fighting
chance. Let's stay positive and keep rallying support.
Vikram: Agreed. It's important to stay optimistic and give our best effort, regardless of the
probability of success.
Rahul: Speaking of probability, have you guys heard about the new internship program
being offered by that renowned company?
Anika: I have, Rahul. It's a fantastic opportunity, but the competition is fierce. What do you
think are the odds of getting selected?
Vikram: Considering the number of applicants and the company's high standards, I'd say the
probability of getting selected is relatively low.
Rahul: That's a valid point, Vikram. But it's not impossible. We just need to showcase our
unique skills and experiences to stand out from the crowd.
Anika: Absolutely. Let's focus on putting together strong applications and making a
compelling case for why we deserve to be selected.
Vikram: Agreed. While the probability may be low, we shouldn't let that deter us from
pursuing this opportunity with determination and enthusiasm.
Anika: Definitely. Who knows? Sometimes, even the most improbable outcomes can
become a reality if we're willing to put in the effort and take a chance.
[As they continue their discussion, the friends remain hopeful and determined, ready to face
both the likely and unlikely outcomes with resilience.]
************
9
9. Expressing Obligation and Necessity
[In a bustling college campus, three friends - Aryan, Kavya, and Meera - find a bench to sit
and discuss their obligations and necessary tasks.]
Aryan: Hey, guys! Have you finished the assignment for Professor Sharma's class yet? The
deadline is approaching, and we can't afford to procrastinate.
Kavya: I haven't started yet, Aryan. Thanks for reminding me. It slipped my mind with all the
other responsibilities piling up.
Meera: Same here. Between extracurricular activities and part-time work, finding time to
complete assignments can be challenging.
Aryan: I understand, but we have an obligation to prioritize our academics. Let's make a
plan to divide the work and support each other through the process.
Kavya: That sounds like a good idea, Aryan. Working together will help us stay motivated
and ensure we meet the deadline.
Meera: Agreed. It's essential to hold ourselves accountable and fulfill our academic
responsibilities to the best of our abilities.
Aryan: Absolutely. And speaking of responsibilities, have you guys heard about the
volunteering opportunity at the local orphanage?
Kavya: Yes, I have. It's something I've been meaning to get involved in, but with my busy
schedule, I haven't found the time.
Meera: I've been feeling the same way, Kavya. But helping those in need is a necessity, and
we should make an effort to contribute however we can.
Aryan: I couldn't agree more, Meera. It's our moral obligation to give back to our community
and support those who are less fortunate.
Kavya: You're right, Aryan. Let's make a commitment to prioritize our volunteering duties
alongside our academic and personal responsibilities.
Meera: Sounds like a plan. Together, we can make a positive impact and fulfill our
obligations to both ourselves and others.
[As they continue their conversation, the friends reaffirm their commitment to fulfilling
their obligations and contributing to their community.]
************
10
10. Expressing Ability and Inability
[At a local café, three friends - Arjun, Nisha, and Raj - gather to catch up and discuss their
abilities and limitations.]
Arjun: Hey, guys! I've been thinking about organizing a charity event for the underprivileged
children in our community. What do you think?
Nisha: That sounds like a wonderful idea, Arjun! Do you think you'll be able to handle all the
planning and logistics on your own?
Arjun: Honestly, Nisha, I'm not sure. It's a big undertaking, and I'm not sure if I have the
ability to pull it off alone.
Raj: Don't doubt yourself, Arjun. You have strong leadership skills, and I'm sure you'll be able
to rally support from others to make the event a success.
Arjun: Thanks, Raj. I appreciate your vote of confidence. Maybe with your help and Nisha's,
we can make it happen.
Nisha: Count me in, Arjun! I may not have much experience in event planning, but I'm
willing to lend a hand wherever I can.
Arjun: That's great to hear, Nisha. With your creativity and Raj's organizational skills, I'm
feeling more confident about our ability to make a difference.
Raj: Speaking of abilities, have you guys heard about the upcoming inter-college debate
competition? I've been considering participating, but I'm not sure if I have the ability to
compete at that level.
Nisha: You're an excellent debater, Raj! I have no doubt that you have the ability to hold
your own in the competition.
Arjun: I agree. You're well-spoken and have a knack for presenting arguments persuasively. I
think you'd excel in the competition.
Raj: Thanks, guys. Your encouragement means a lot to me. I'll give it a shot and see where it
takes me.
[As they continue their conversation, the friends offer support and encouragement to each
other, acknowledging both their abilities and limitations.]
************
11
Narration / Case study
1. Write about someone you know who had to face a lot of hardships in their
professional life but managed to make the best of a bad situation with a positive
attitude.
Ans. Asha was a resilient soul who seemed to have a knack for attracting hardships in her
professional life. Despite facing numerous challenges, she approached each setback with an
unwavering positive attitude that ultimately transformed her adversities into opportunities
for growth.
Asha's journey began with a promising career in marketing. However, just as she was
gaining momentum, the company she worked for faced financial difficulties and had to
downsize, leaving Asha unexpectedly unemployed. Instead of wallowing in despair, Asha
saw this as an opportunity to explore new avenues. She utilized her newfound free time to
hone her skills, taking online courses and attending networking events to expand her
knowledge and connections within the industry.
Just as she started to regain her footing, another obstacle presented itself. Asha's dream job
offer fell through due to a sudden company restructuring. Disheartened but undeterred, she
took on freelance projects to keep herself afloat while continuing to search for permanent
employment. Despite the uncertainty of freelancing, Asha embraced the challenge, viewing
it as a chance to build her portfolio and gain valuable experience across various projects and
industries.
Just when it seemed like her luck was turning, Asha faced yet another setback when a major
client unexpectedly pulled out, leaving her in a precarious financial situation. Instead of
succumbing to despair, Asha remained steadfast in her positivity, viewing the setback as a
temporary hurdle rather than a permanent roadblock. She doubled down on her efforts,
reaching out to her network for new opportunities and diversifying her client base to
mitigate future risks.
Through perseverance and a resilient spirit, Asha eventually landed a stable position at a
reputable firm, her past experiences only serving to strengthen her resolve and shape her
into a more adaptable and resourceful professional. Looking back on her journey, Asha
credits her positive attitude for carrying her through the toughest of times, turning what
could have been insurmountable hardships into valuable lessons and opportunities for
personal and professional growth.
2. Write about what you would do if you had to deal with an unreliable employee on
a daily basis.
Ans. Dealing with an unreliable employee can be a challenging situation that requires a
delicate balance of empathy, communication, and assertiveness. If faced with such a
scenario, I would approach it in the following manner:
12
1. Open Communication: The first step would be to initiate a private conversation with
the employee to address the issue directly. I would express concern about their
reliability and inquire if there are any underlying reasons for their behavior. Creating
a safe space for open dialogue can help uncover any personal or professional
obstacles they may be facing.
2. Setting Clear Expectations: During the discussion, I would clearly outline the
expectations for attendance, punctuality, and performance. It's essential to ensure
that the employee understands the impact of their unreliable behaviour on the team
and the organization as a whole. Providing specific examples and defining
measurable goals can help clarify expectations.
3. Offering Support and Resources: If the unreliable behaviour stems from external
factors such as personal problems or lack of skills, I would offer support and
resources to help address these issues. This could involve providing access to
counselling services, offering additional training or mentorship opportunities, or
adjusting workload and deadlines to alleviate stress.
4. Implementing Consequences: While empathy and support are crucial, it's also
important to establish consequences for continued unreliability. I would clearly
communicate the potential consequences of failing to meet expectations, such as
disciplinary action or termination, if the behaviour persists. Consistency is key in
enforcing consequences to maintain accountability and uphold the standards of the
team.
5. Regular Check-Ins and Feedback: Following the initial conversation, I would schedule
regular check-ins to monitor the employee's progress and provide feedback on their
performance. These check-ins serve as opportunities to recognize improvement,
address any recurring issues, and make any necessary adjustments to support the
employee in meeting expectations.
6. Documenting Performance: Throughout the process, I would maintain thorough

documentation of the employee's performance, including any discussions,
agreements, and outcomes. This documentation serves as a record of the efforts
made to address the issue and may be useful if further action is required in the
future.
By approaching the situation with empathy, clear communication, and a focus on support
and accountability, I believe it's possible to effectively manage an unreliable employee while
striving to cultivate a positive and productive work environment for the entire team.
3. Write about an instance where being professional has come at the cost of one’s
personal life.
13
Ans. Swati had always prided herself on her professionalism. As a dedicated lawyer, she
approached her work with unwavering commitment and integrity, often going above and
beyond to ensure the best outcomes for her clients. However, this dedication to her career
came at a significant cost to her personal life.
One instance that starkly highlighted this sacrifice occurred during a high-profile case that
required Swati to work long hours, weekends, and even holidays. As the lead attorney on
the case, she felt a tremendous sense of responsibility to her client and her firm, knowing
that the outcome could have far-reaching consequences for both.
As the trial date loomed closer, Swati found herself consumed by the demands of her work.
She missed family gatherings, cancelled plans with friends, and neglected her own well-
being in favour of pouring all her energy into preparing for the case. Her relationships
suffered as a result, with loved ones feeling neglected and unimportant in the face of her
professional obligations.
Despite the toll it took on her personal life, Swati remained steadfast in her dedication to
her work. She believed that her professionalism and commitment were essential to
achieving a successful outcome for her client, even if it meant sacrificing her own happiness
and fulfilment outside of work.
As the trial progressed, Swati's hard work and dedication paid off, culminating in a
favourable verdict for her client. The victory brought a sense of validation and pride,
reaffirming Swati's belief in the importance of professionalism in her career.
However, in the aftermath of the trial, Swati couldn't shake the feeling of emptiness that
lingered from the sacrifices she had made. She realized that while her professionalism had
propelled her to success in her career, it had come at a steep cost to her personal life and
well-being.
Reflecting on this experience, Swati vowed to strive for a better balance between her
professional responsibilities and her personal life in the future. She understood that being
professional didn't have to mean sacrificing one's happiness and relationships, and that
finding that balance was essential to living a fulfilling and meaningful life.
4. Write about what gender discrimination means to you and how you would combat
it from a leadership position.
Ans. Gender discrimination, to me, represents an unjust and harmful treatment of

individuals based on their gender, whether it be male, female, or non-binary. It
encompasses a wide range of biases, stereotypes, and prejudices that unfairly disadvantage
individuals simply because of their gender identity. This discrimination can manifest in
various forms, including unequal pay, limited career advancement opportunities, gender-
based harassment, and stereotypes about roles and capabilities.
14
As a leader, combating gender discrimination is not just a moral imperative but also a
strategic necessity for fostering a diverse, inclusive, and thriving workplace culture. Here are
some ways I would address gender discrimination from a leadership position:
1. Establishing Equal Opportunity Policies: Implementing and enforcing clear policies

that promote equal opportunity and prohibit discrimination based on gender. These
policies should be communicated effectively to all employees and enforced
consistently across all levels of the organization.
2. Providing Training and Education: Offering training programs and workshops to raise
awareness about gender discrimination, unconscious bias, and inclusive behaviours.
These initiatives can help educate employees about the importance of diversity and
inclusion and provide them with the tools to challenge stereotypes and
discriminatory behaviours.
3. Ensuring Pay Equity: Conducting regular audits to identify and address any gender
pay gaps within the organization. Ensuring that compensation decisions are based on
skills, experience, and performance rather than gender, and addressing any
disparities promptly and transparently.
4. Promoting Gender Diversity in Leadership: Actively working to increase

representation of women and non-binary individuals in leadership positions through
targeted recruitment, mentorship programs, and leadership development initiatives.
Creating opportunities for underrepresented groups to showcase their talents and
skills and providing support to help them advance in their careers.
5. Creating a Safe and Inclusive Environment: Fostering a culture of respect, dignity,

and inclusion where all employees feel safe to speak up about instances of
discrimination or harassment. Implementing mechanisms for reporting and
addressing complaints promptly and confidentially.
6. Leading by Example: Demonstrating a commitment to gender equality and inclusion

through my own actions, decisions, and behaviours. Championing diversity
initiatives, actively listening to the concerns and experiences of employees, and
advocating for policies and practices that promote gender equality.
By taking proactive steps to address gender discrimination and promote gender equality,
leaders can create a more inclusive and equitable workplace where all employees have the
opportunity to thrive and succeed, regardless of their gender identity.
5. Write about how your mother and father try to balance their lives and
responsibilities with their own dreams and wishes. Ask them what would really make
them happy and why they think so.
Ans. My parents, Manishaben and Dineshbhai, have always been the epitome of hard work
and dedication. As middle class citizens, they faced numerous challenges in building a better
15
life for our family, but through it all, they've managed to balance their responsibilities with
their own dreams and wishes.
My mother, Manishaben, is a nurturing soul who has devoted herself to caring for our
family. As a full-time homemaker, she juggles household chores, childcare, and managing
our family's affairs with grace and resilience. Despite the demands of her role, Manishaben
has never lost sight of her own dreams and aspirations. In her free time, she enjoys painting
and gardening, activities that allow her to express her creativity and find solace amidst the
chaos of daily life.
My father, Dineshbhai, is the breadwinner of our family, working tirelessly to provide for our
needs. As a construction worker, he spends long hours on job sites, often sacrificing his own
comfort for the sake of our family's financial stability. Despite the physical demands of his
job, Dineshbhai harbours a deep passion for music. He plays the guitar in his spare time and
dreams of one day pursuing a career in music.
When I asked my parents what would truly make them happy, their answers were
surprisingly simple yet profound. For my mother, Manishaben, true happiness lies in seeing
her family thrive and finding moments of joy in the little things in life. She believes that
pursuing her passions, such as painting and gardening, allows her to nurture her own
happiness and well-being, which in turn enables her to better care for her loved ones.
As for my father, Dineshbhai, his happiness is intertwined with his love for music. He
believes that pursuing his passion for music would bring him a sense of fulfilment and
purpose beyond his role as a provider. While he acknowledges the challenges of breaking
into the music industry later in life, Dineshbhai remains hopeful that with dedication and
perseverance, he can turn his dreams into reality.
In witnessing my parents' relentless pursuit of their dreams amidst their myriad

responsibilities, I am reminded of the importance of balancing our obligations with our own
desires. Their resilience, determination, and unwavering optimism serve as a testament to
the power of pursuing happiness in all its forms, even in the face of adversity.
******************
16
Short question answers:
1. What is hope?
The feeling when you believe that a desired event has a possibility of
happening. You keep thinking about how good it would be if the event actually
happened. You feel hope when you think about something in the future that you
really want to happen, but which is still uncertain. Hope reduces feelings of
helplessness, increases happiness, reduces stress, and improves our quality of life.
2. What is optimism?
Optimism is the belief or hope that outcomes will generally be favourable
and that a person is responsible for their happiness. Optimism is a hopeful, positive
outlook on the future, yourself, and the world around you. It is a key part of
resilience, the inner strength that helps you get through tough times. By definition,
optimism helps you see, feel, and think positively.
3. What is positivity?
Positivity is the practice or tendency to be positive or optimistic in life. When
we are positive, we engage in positive thinking, have positive emotions, and engage
in positive behaviours like kindness and generosity. Positivity is a state of mind. It is a
choice you make. You need to commit to being positive. Having a positive outlook
won't eradicate negativity but you will become more tuned to spotting when
negative thoughts are creeping in to your mind.
4. How are hope, optimism and positivity different?
Hope is the process of setting goals and following through on them, while
optimism is a positive thought pattern. One critical difference between hope,
optimism and positivity is that hope is something you do whilst optimism and
positivity are only attitudes or orientations. Even when you can't be optimistic or
positive, it still might be possible to start to hope.
5. Are any of these attitudes (hope, optimism, positivity) important in living a good
life? What would they be and why?
Hope and optimism help us build and maintain our 'reservoir' of
psychological resources and so help us cope better in tough times. This means we're
less likely to be stressed or burn out, and we will experience less anxiety. They allow
us to keep our goals and dreams in play so we can act on the motivation to keep
working toward them. Because of this, optimistic people feel more in control of their
situations and have higher self-esteem.
6. Do employed people help other unemployed people find jobs? Why do you think
they do so?
Yes, employed people help other unemployed people find jobs. They are
supportive and make an effort to keep them engaged, encourage them emotionally
and professionally by reminding them what makes them so good. Since job search
can be tedious, they support unemployed people so that they can get a good job
without getting stressed. By helping an unemployed friend they also keep their own
17
job search skills fresh. They earn trust and confidence by doing so and also
contribute to the welfare of the society and nation at large.
7. Does an unemployed person help an employee with his job? How so?
Yes, some unemployed but clever people help employees with their job. It is
known that being unemployed is a stressful situation that causes many negative
emotions to arise. Unemployed individuals often feel a sense of shame or
embarrassment about their situation which often leads to isolation from friends and
family. However, staying connected is essential to maintain motivation to find a new
job and to promote a healthy mental and physical wellbeing. So helping their
employed friends gives them the confidence and motivation to find a new job more
quickly.
8. How do you think being unemployed affects both the individual and the
organisation? Are there different kinds of unemployment? What could some of
them be?
Unemployment means wastage of man power resource. People who are an
asset for the economy turn into a liability. Organisations suffer from the scarcity of
good employees and thus productivity and progress is affected adversely. There is a
feeling of hopelessness and despair among the unemployed people who do not have
enough money to support their family. This leads to health problems and a low
standard of living.
There are different kinds of unemployment. They are: (1) demand deficient, (2)
frictional, (3) structural, and (4) voluntary unemployment.
9. How does an employer treat unemployment in candidates who apply for jobs,
especially in less structured sectors such as agriculture, construction, etc?
According to research, hiring managers demonstrate prejudice against
unemployed candidates, especially in less structured sectors such as agriculture,
construction, etc. This bias starts with perception. Among jobseekers, 77% believe
that work is easier to find when you already have it. Among employers, 83% feel the
same. Additionally, 70% of people in hiring positions believe that an unemployed
person would make a less productive employee. Although unemployment can carry
a stigma, it can also motivate job seekers to put more effort into job searches.
10. Why is reliability a key investment in any business?
In business, reliability is at the core of every successful functioning
relationship and the basis of trust. Without it, customers are left with only negative
feedback. Developing an ongoing positive relationship with your customers and
enlisting their support in growing your community should be achieved by meeting
their expectations. The more consistent you are with your customers, the more likely
you are to maintain reliability and retain those customers in the long run. Further,
reliability promotes repeat business and repeat business means more profits.
11. How is reliability essential for running a business?
Reliability means worthy of trust, dependable, faithful and authentic.
Reliability is everything for businesses – it is what strengthens your reputation and
18
keeps your customers coming back. Credibility and reliability can only happen if you
are keeping things consistent from the inside out. If you are reliable, your customers
will trust you and your claims. Meet deadlines on time and in full to show your
reliability. This will create trust. The way you conduct business and the way you
communicate to customers is a direct influence on the perceived reliability of your
brand. By being honest and reliable you can set a strong foundation for whatever
business you want to build.
12. How do business houses build their reputation through reliability?
In order to improve a company's reputation, companies identify internal
factors that can be influenced, such as employee satisfaction, product quality,
customer service and reliability. Business houses build their reputation through
reliability by:
1) Always being honest and realistic
2) Admitting/correcting mistakes
3) Optimizing talent
4) Delivering quality products/services timely
5) Communicating thoughts effectively
6) Treating customers with empathy and respect
7) Providing consistent satisfactory experiences
13. How do business people communicate their reliability to their customers?

Reliability is a factor that clients are looking for and if your company doesn’t
provide it, you will experience unhappy customers, low retention rates, and stagnant
company growth. Business people communicate their reliability to their customers
by:
1) Setting up the right expectations
2) Being easily accessible
3) Handling customers/complaints appropriately
4) Keeping information flowing both ways
5) Staying true to their vision and values
14. How do business entities disappear due to lack of reliability in products and
services?
Reliability is measured and evaluated by results. Reliability is applied to the
performance of individuals, products, processes, and data, among other things. In
order for a business to be successful, all of its components must be reliable. Lack of
reliability can have several consequences in a business. Inferior quality products or
services can lead to unhappy customers, revenue loss and decreased customer
loyalty. In addition, it can also cause customers to take their business elsewhere,
leading to job losses and a decrease in company productivity. Lack of reliability also
has an impact on employee productivity. Business entities thus disappear due to lack
of reliability in products and services.
15. How can you start a business when you do not have any money?
19
If you don’t have the capital to invest, start with the things that you have, like
your experience, knowledge, skills, and resources you own. The easiest way to start a
business with no money is to sell your services, e.g. freelance writing, social media
advertising, etc. Print on demand is an investment-free business of private-labelling
products (such as bags, t-shirts, or caps) and selling them on a per-order basis. You
can turn your hobby into a small business by selling handcrafted goods through
online stores or marketplaces. Digital products are something you can create and sell
with just an internet connection. You can even become a blogger or an influencer on
social media to earn good money without any investment. The Central Government
and State Governments also have a number of schemes to promote first-generation
entrepreneurs which can help a person to start a business.
16. What are some of the things you can do to run a small business successfully?
To succeed in business today, you need to be flexible and have good planning
and organizational skills. In order to run a small business successfully, one should
consider these tips: 1. Get Organized 2. Keep Detailed Records 3. Analyze Your
Competition 4. Understand the Risks & Rewards 5. Be Creative 6. Stay Focused 7.
Prepare to Make Sacrifices 8. Provide Great Service 9. Be Consistent.
17. How would you find a suitable person to help you with your business?
You need talented and passionate employees on board to keep driving your
dream forward. In order to find a suitable person to help you with your business you
need to look beyond skills, education, and work history and find employees who also
embrace principles and characteristics such as respect, loyalty, commitment,
adaptation, and appreciation, among others. While recruiting, define the
competencies and determine if the person has the experience and talents to grow
beyond the basic job skills and take on more responsibility. Make sure the candidate
is a creative thinker and team player whose personality and trustworthiness will be a
good fit in your company culture. Above all, check the commitment of the candidate
before recruiting him/her to the business.
18. What can you do to expand your business and earn more profits?
In order to expand business and earn more profits, one may consider these
tips: 1) Develop a strategic plan 2) Recruit the right employees 3) Try out marketing
strategies based on previous purchasing behaviours to encourage repeat business 4)
Be adaptable and diversify your products or services 5) Reduce your risks 6) Deliver
quality products and services 7) Boost your customer service 8) Focus on social
media 9) Have a great network of professionals 10) Practise Corporate Social
Responsibility 11) Research your competitors and compete with them fairly 12) Keep
investing in your business.
19. How can you safeguard your business against unscrupulous employees or
partners?
Any business needs to be protected against dishonest or corrupt employees
or partners. For the same, the business should be safeguarded through these steps:
1) Set detailed policies and procedures 2) Set high ethical expectations and lead by
20
example 3) Conduct background and reference checks on all employees/partners

who will have access to company finances 4) Investigate and report fraudulent
conduct (secretly if required) 5) Ask questions and encourage employees/partners to
ask questions 6) Limit access to sensitive company data to only those with a need to
know 7) Create a system to check all financial transactions 8) Learn from mistakes
and implement meaningful remedial measures to fix the gaps 9) Supervise all
activities by wandering around in the business premise.
20. What do you understand by the word professionalism?
Professionalism is a set of behaviours and characteristics of people in the
workplace that demonstrate their ability to be respectful, hardworking, rational, and
reliable and have integrity. In other words, it is the conduct, behaviour and attitude
of someone in a work or business environment. Ultimately, being professional
demonstrates that you can be relied on to do your job well. Workplace
professionalism is characterized by your attire, behaviour, attitude, and
communication. The definition of professionalism in the workplace also includes
your timeliness, organization, and dedication.
21. Whom would you call professionals? Give at least five examples.
As people become more and more specialized in their trade, they begin to
‘profess’ their skill to others, and ‘vow’ to perform their trade to the highest known
standard. A professional is a member of a profession or any person who works in a
specified professional activity. The term also describes the standards of education
and training that prepare members of the profession with the particular knowledge
and skills necessary to perform their specific role within that profession. Examples of
professionals include teacher, doctor, farmer, soldier and scientist among many
others.
22. Whom would you classify as being non-professionals? Give at least five examples.
A nonprofessional job is a career that an individual can start with little
training or education. Often, these are entry-level positions that offer on-the-job
training and allow professionals to develop skills to advance their career. In general,
non-professional positions primarily involve manual labour duties and trade skills
learned through an apprenticeship or training programme. Non-professional jobs
focus heavily on training and often provide on-the-job training. Non-professional
jobs include craftspeople, plumbers, electricians, installers, food service workers and
even traders, contractors, commission agents, etc.
23. Why do some professionals behave unprofessionally sometimes?
Unprofessional conduct” is defined as “one or more acts of misconduct; one
or more acts of immorality, moral turpitude or inappropriate behaviour involving a
minor; or commission of a crime involving a minor.” Some people do not exhibit a
courteous, conscientious, or generally businesslike manner in the workplace. Factors
such as excessive work demands, lack of mentoring and supervision, inappropriate
work place practices and assignment of tasks in which the professional does not feel
21
competent due to lack of training or experience may contribute to unprofessional

conduct.
24. How does an effective understanding of professionalism help in performing one’s
job satisfactorily and successfully?
Professionalism is a measure of how well you carry yourself at work, how you
treat co-workers and how you handle stressful situations. First of all professionalism
helps you get a good job. It helps you to get recognised and earn more respect. It
shows that you are responsible and dependable. It makes you more accountable and
approachable. Being professional helps you to achieve high-quality results, while
impressing and inspiring others and feeling good about yourself. Professionalism
thus helps in performing one’s job satisfactorily and successfully.
25. How can individuals develop their professional skills continuously throughout their
career and their lives?
It is possible to acquire and hone skills to perfection through practice and
dedication. Continuous learning increases the number of opportunities available to
you on the job market and ensures your qualifications and skills remain aligned with
constantly changing needs and requirements. On‑the‑job training, webinars and
workshops, e-learning, blogs and books are various ways to acquire and master new
skills. Creating structure for your study plan makes it much quicker and easier to
acquire and master new skills. Further, start with core skills step by step, get
feedback, learn from experts, find a mentor, set realistic goals, take action and
constantly analyse your strengths and weaknesses.
26. What are some of the ways in which you feel you can be more professional in your
own life? Do you think you can achieve a balance between duty and personal
considerations?
One can be more professional in one’s own life in the these ways: Follow
company policies and rules, pay attention to appearance, words and deeds, become
an asset to the team, treat others with courtesy and respect, avoid office politics and
gossip, understand and follow your company’s culture, be a responsible employee,
and demonstrate a professional attitude.
Being able to strike a balance between your professional and personal lives
can help you become more productive and less likely to burnout. This balancing act
takes careful planning and preparation, but it is possible through managing time,
creating boundaries, handling social media, balancing household work and managing
childcare with work.
27. What do you feel are some of the qualities of good leaders?
Leaders shape our nations, communities, and organizations. We need good
leaders to help guide us and make the essential large-scale decisions that keep the
world moving. Good leaders possess self-awareness, garner credibility, focus on
relationship-building, have a bias for action, exhibit humility, empower others, stay
authentic, present themselves as constant and consistent, become role models and
are fully present. Good leaders should have integrity, self-awareness, courage,
22
respect, empathy, and gratitude. They should be responsive and create an impact
while communicating and delegating effectively.
28. Is initiative an essential quality in leaders? Why do you think so?
Yes, initiative is an essential quality in leaders. Successful leaders do not wait
for someone to tell them what to do. They think on their feet and take appropriate
action, are proactive rather than reactive, and appear flexible, confident and
courageous. This is because taking initiative demonstrates confidence, high self
esteem and a willingness to work hard. This is also the case in your personal life, as
being confident helps you to feel ready for whatever life throws at you. Taking
initiative also means setting goals, achieving goals and completing tasks.
29. Do good leaders keep motivated throughout their lives? How do you think they do
so?
Yes, good leaders keep motivated throughout their lives. To do so, they
constantly remind people of the company’s vision, hold them accountable to targets
and goals, mentor them, and support them in their work. They also carry out these
activities to keep everyone motivated: read and write often, take appropriate
decisions, get inspired, learn from their mistakes, acquire knowledge and wisdom,
inspire and contribute, introspect regularly and make corrections, keep their mind
and body fit, stay energetic, and respect everyone.
30. How do you deal with a colleague from the opposite sex?
People often deal with backstabbing, manipulation or gossips at workplace
from colleagues from the opposite sex. Working with people like this isn’t easy, and
it can make your job tough to deal with on a daily basis. Fortunately, there are ways
you can deal with their behaviour: try not to take things personally, be extra kind
and supportive, ignore mean or negative comments, keep personal information to
yourself, avoid gossiping with other people, keep a paper trail, and talk to your
senior if necessary.
31. How would you handle difficult financial situations?
Every business faces one or the other financial problem. Poor planning or
going through a tough time can really reduce the profits. Here are some tips for
resolving your financial problems: Identify the problem, Make a budget to help you
resolve your financial problems, Lower your expenses, Pay in cash, Stop taking on
debt to avoid aggravating your financial problems, Avoid buying new, Meet with
your advisor to discuss your financial problems, Be realistic when it comes to
resolving your financial problems and avoid repeating mistakes that lead to financial
loss.
32. Do your family members enable you to perform your work well? How do they do
so? How do you balance your personal relationships with your duties?
Yes, my family members enable me to perform my work well. Family
relationships provide resources that can help an individual cope with stress, engage
in healthier behaviours, and enhance self-esteem, leading to higher well-being.
Family helps in building one's professional career by extending financial, moral and
23
emotional support. Family values define what you and the other people in your
family consider right or wrong and help you stay consistent when making decisions
in everyday life. In order to balance personal and professional lives, one needs to
share and care, make a schedule, communicate, prioritise tasks and manage finance.
33. Have you ever been in a critical situation? How did you manage your interpersonal
relations in the workplace during this time?
Yes, I have often been in a critical situation. I managed my interpersonal
relations in the workplace in critical situation in these ways: Actively listening to
what other people had to say, Giving people time by staying with them, Developing
and working on my communication skills, Being understanding and empathetic,
Relying on my network for comfort, Reaching out and talking to others about how I
was feeling, Finding new ways to socialize, Playing games, Learning something new
every day and even Watching TV together.
34. How do you think a person who has recently got a job feels about himself and the
world?
Starting a new job is a very exciting time, but it can also bring on a whole host
of unwelcome feelings that can somewhat ruin the experience. Feeling nervous
before the first day of a new job is totally normal and to be expected. Even when the
new employee knows what he/she is doing, there will still be plenty to confuse
him/her. The process of taking up new tasks in a new environment brings stress and
exhaustion. A person also may feel homesickness since relationships with colleagues
take a long time to develop naturally.
35. How do you think a person who has just retired from a job thinks of himself and
the world?
While retiring can be a reward for years of hard work, it can also trigger
stress, anxiety, and depression. You may miss the sense of identity, meaning, and
purpose that came with your job, the structure it gave your days, or the social aspect
of having co-workers. Instead of feeling free, relaxed, and fulfilled, you feel bored,
aimless, and isolated. You may grieve the loss of your old life, feel stressed about
how you’re going to fill your days, or worried about the toll that being at home all
day is taking on your relationship with your spouse or partner. Some new retirees
even experience mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. The retiree
often sees the world as an isolated place after retirement.
36. How do you think a person who has lost his job feels about the job, the company
and the world?
Our jobs are often more than just the way we make a living. They influence
how we see ourselves, as well as the way others see us. Even if you didn’t love your
job, it likely provided you a social outlet and gave a structure, purpose, and meaning
to your life. Our jobs are often more than just the way we make a living. They
influence how we see ourselves, as well as the way others see us. Your job provided
you a social outlet and gave a structure, purpose, and meaning to your life. For many
people, losing a job is one of the most stressful and painful events they've
24
experienced. And the process of leaving your position can swirl you into a storm of
emotions like embarrassment, shame, worthlessness, self-pity, and depression. The
company you worked for becomes a stranger and the world becomes a lonely
planet.
37. How will a person who has had to dismiss an employee think about himself, his job
and the world?
Dismissing an employee is one of the most unpleasant tasks of management.
It’s likely to evoke a lot of mixed feelings: sympathy, sadness, and anxiety. Even if
letting go of the employee (or employees) is in the best interest of the company, you
still may feel guilty. Dismissing an employee or group of employees is particularly
hard when you disagree with the decision. You’ll feel conflicted, discouraged, and
frustrated. Psychologically, for most people, firing someone is one of the hardest
things about being a leader. They obsess over it, lose sleep over it, and even get
physically sick over it! Most of all they feel really guilty about it.
*********************
Sample Presentation 1 - Effective Presentation Skills
Introduction
A presentation on
Effective Presentation Skills
Presented by Mr Parimal Shah

Communication Expert
Excel Group
Hello everyone! Good morning! Thank you for giving me the opportunity to deliver a
presentation before you today. Before I begin, I’d like to tell you something about myself. I
am Parimal Shah.
As you know, the subject of my presentation today is Effective Presentation Skills.
My presentation will take about 20 minutes followed by a question-and-answer session. Let’s

get started then.
Outline
Effective Presentation Skills

 Defining Purpose
 Analyzing Audience and Locale
 Organizing Contents
 Preparing outline
 Understanding Nuances of Delivery
 Understanding Kinesics and Para-linguistics
25
 Using Appropriate Visual Aids
I’ve divided the presentation into 7 points. I’ll first talk about defining purpose. Then I’ll
discuss how to analyze the audience and locale. The third point will be organizing contents.
The next point would be preparing outline. The fifth point will be understanding nuances of
delivery. It will be followed by understanding kinesics and para-linguistics. The last point
will be using appropriate visual aids.
Slide-1
Define Purpose
 How can presentation help?
 Ask a question to get the answer
 Think of presentation in terms of exploration
Okay then. I’ll begin by the first point, that is defining the purpose. One needs to think over
about the purpose of a presentation: How can it help the audience? Who will benefit from it?
Whether it will inspire, motivate, persuade or convince the audience to think or act on some
idea?
Slide-2
Analyse Audience and Locale

 Unique physical environment
 Know the physical setting
 Check the equipment and projection
 Lighting, seating
 Acoustics
 Be familiar and comfortable with locale
Secondly, we need to analyze the audience and locale. It means one should know about the
venue and setting. A presenter needs to check the equipment and projection along with the
lighting and seating arrangement. The acoustics of the room or hall need to be checked too.
This analysis is necessary because one needs to be familiar and comfortable with locale to be
confident while making the presentation.
Slide-3
Organize contents of Presentation

 Introduction
 Catch the attention
 Give the topic, purpose and preview
 Provide smooth transition to the main points
Main body
 Less number of main points
 Explain each point
 Bridge / Link your points
26
 Internal preview and Internal summary

Conclusion
 Convincing
 Thanking the audience
The next important thing is organizing the contents of the presentation. It should be divided
into an introduction, main body and a conclusion. The introduction should catch attention,
offer a purpose and preview of the topic, and provide smooth transition to the main points.
The main body should explain each point, bridge various points and provide internal
summary. The conclusion should be convincing. One should not forget to thank the audience.
Slide-4
Preparing an outline
 Make the outline basis of your presentation
 Be flexible to adjust according to audience response
 Can be words, phrases or sentences
Let us now discuss how to prepare an outline. The outline should offer a basis of your
presentation. You must be flexible to adjust according to audience response. The outline need
not be long complete sentences. It can be words, phrases or sentences.
Slide-5
Modes of Presentation
 Extemporaneous or Impromptu
 Reading from manuscript
 Memorization
The next point is the modes of presentation. A presentation can be made extemporaneous or
impromptu, that is unprepared or unrehearsed. A presentation can be made by reading from
manuscript, or even by memorization. But presentation by memorization can sometimes land
you in trouble.
Slide-6
Nonverbal communication
 Kinesics – personal appearance, posture, gesture,
facial expression, eye contact
 Proxemics – intimate, personal, social, public zones
 Paralinguistic features – voice, articulation,
pronunciation, pauses
 Chronemics – punctuality, timing of messages,
meeting deadlines, managing time, cultural variations
Further, there are other aspects like nonverbal communication which also play a significant
role. Nonverbal communication includes kinesics, proxemics, paralinguistic features and
chronemics. Kinesics includes personal appearance, posture, gesture, facial expressions and
eye contact with the audience. Proxemics is the awareness of various zones like intimate,
27
personal, social and public. Paralinguistic featuers include voice, articulation, pronunciation
and pauses. And chronemics involves punctuality, timing of messages, meeting deadlines,
managing time and cultural variations.
Slide-7
Visual Aids
 Over Head transparencies
 PowerPoint presentations
 Blackboard or whiteboard
 Flip Charts
Finally, one needs to use appropriate visual aids to support his or her ideas, thoughts and
opinions. Visual aids include over head transparencies, PowerPoint presentations,
blackboard, whiteboard, or flip charts.
Thank you all for patient listening!
I’d like to conclude by saying that one needs to answer the questions like why, what, whom,
when, where, and how before making a presentation. In other words, a presenter needs to be
aware about the purpose, venue, audience, style and manner, content, and modes of
presentation. A person must be careful about one’s thoughts, speech, action and body
language while making a presentation to make it effective and impressive.
Thank you all for your kind attention. If there are any questions, I’ll be pleased to answer
them.
************
Sample Presentation 2 - Promotion of a laptop
Introduction
A promotional presentation on
Speedo laptop
Presented by Pritesh Suri

Sales Head
Apex Computers
28
Good morning everyone! I am happy to welcome you all here today. I feel privileged to stand
before you and present the details of our product. By the way, I’m Pritesh Suri from the sales
department.
As you know, the purpose of my presentation today is the promotion of our latest laptop –
Speedo. My presentation will take around 30 minutes. Please feel free to interrupt if you
have a question. Shall we begin?
I’ve divided the presentation into 5 points. I’ll first talk about our company and brand name.
Then I’ll discuss the features of the new laptop. The third point will be its efficiency. The
next point would be the pricing. The last point will be availability.
Outline
Speedo Laptop
 Company and Brand
 Features of Laptop
 Efficiency
 Maintenance and Warrantee
 Price and Availability
Okay then. I’ll begin by the first point, and that is Company and Brand. Pinnacle is a fifteen
year old electronic company that has earned its reputation as a leading electronics
manufacturer. We offer various electronic products from computers to laptops, music systems
to televisions. Our products are not only highly durable and qualitative, but they are loaded
with latest technology and features. What’s interesting is that they are available at affordable
prices.
Slide-1
Company and Brand

 Apex Company – since 15 years in electronics
 Trusted brand name
 Various electronic products
 Durable and highly advanced products
 Latest technology and features
 Affordable prices
Secondly, we shall have a look at the features of the new Speedo laptop. It comes with an
excellent quality with attractive design and five different colours. It is 13 mm thick and
weighs just 1.2 kg. It is powered by a eighth generation Intel Core i8 processor, coupled with
2 GB RAM and 256 GB SSD.
Slide-2
Features
 Quality
 Design
29
 Colours
 Size
 RAM
 Memory
 Weight
The next important thing is the efficiency of this laptop. It also allows users sync their phone
contacts, messages, gallery, notes, and other data. It is quite compatible with all kinds of soft-
wares. It is significantly quick and claims a 12 hour battery life. It can charge 50 percent in
just 20 minutes.
Slide-3
Efficiency
 Compatibility
 Speed
 Capacity
 Battery
Let us now consider the maintenance and warrantee of this product. The company offers
durable products along with 3 years free maintenance along with 1 year warrantee on all
accessories. In addition, users will get a 3 years warrantee on hard disc.
Slide-4
Maintenance and Warrantee

 Durable
 1 year warrantee on all accessories
 3 years maintenance free
 3 years warrantee on hard disc
The next point is the price and availability of the product. The price of Speedo laptop is Rs
20000 which is lowest in its class. It is quite affordable. The company has also declared a
cash discount of 5 % initially. Speedo laptops will be available at all leading electronics
stores including Vijay Sales, Croma and Reliance Digital. Easy monthly installment schemes
have also been announced.
Slide-5
Price
 Economic
 Affordable
 Cash discount
Availability
 Available at all leading electronics stores
 Easy monthly installments scheme
I’d like to conclude by saying that Speedo laptops will create a great demand in the market.
Let us get ready to meet the upcoming demands of the customers.
30
Thank You All!
Thank you all for your kind attention. If there are any questions, I’ll be pleased to answer
them.
******************
31
Use the following IDIOMS in sentences of your own:
1. Best thing since sliced bread – a great object, idea or plan

He thinks wireless Internet access is the greatest thing since sliced bread.
2. Burn the midnight oil – to work late into the night
He was burning the midnight oil to finish his project.
3. Cross that bridge when you come to it – deal with a problem if and when it
becomes necessary, not before
I don't know how we'll pay the bills if you quit your job, but we'll cross that bridge
when we come to it.
4. Cry over spilt milk – complain unnecessarily about a loss from the past
It's no use crying over spilled milk - he's spent all the money, and there's nothing you
can do about it.
5. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket – not put all your resources in one possibility
I'm applying for several jobs because I don't really want to put all my eggs in one
basket.
6. Give the benefit of doubt – believe someone’s statement, without proof, even if
you don’t entirely agree with it
I didn't know whether his story was true or not, but I decided to give him the benefit
of the doubt.
7. Jump on the bandwagon – join a popular trend or activity
After a couple of politicians won elections by promising to cut taxes, most of the
others jumped on the bandwagon.
8. Steal someone’s thunder – to take the credit for something someone else did
Somebody stole my thunder by leaking the designs I had made on the internet. ·
9. Horse trading – clever bargaining
The restaurant owner is famous for his horse trading; he's just exchanged a month of
free dinners for a month of free television commercials.
10. Pull yourself together – calm down and behave normally
I know it is hard to get over your loss, but try to pull yourself together and get on
with life.
11. Above board – something that is honest
The system must be seen to be fair and above board.
12. Back to square one – restart the whole activity
His idea didn't work, so he had to go back to square one.
13. Call a spade a spade – speak frankly and bluntly
He says what he means, and calls a spade a spade.
14. Dark horse – a person whose ability is not known publicly
My friend is a dark horse for the award.
15. Face the music – deal with the consequences of an action
The others all ran off, leaving me to face the music.
16. Go bananas – behave abnormally
The fans went bananas when their team won the game at the end.
32
17. Hard to swallow – accept an unpleasant truth with difficulty

His excuse for coming late was a bit hard to swallow, wasn’t it?
18. In one’s good book – be liked and approved by someone
He's trying to get back in his boss's good books by offering to work overtime.
19. Learn the ropes – learn how to do a job
It didn't take her long to learn the ropes in the new job.
20. Paint the town red – celebrate excessively
After getting good results, I'm ready to paint the town red with my closest friends.
21. All ears – eager to listen with attention
Everyone on the plane was all ears when the pilot warned of an emergency landing.
22. Beck and call – willing to do anything a person asks
No matter what time of day it is, my friend is always at my beck and call.
23. Carrot and stick approach – system of rewards and punishment used to motivate
people
He said the carrot and stick approach is in effective when it comes to management.
24. Dog days – hottest days of summer
During the dog days of summer, I always plan a long vacation to some hill station.
25. Fall on stony ground – a piece of advice that is ignored
Her speech about the need for a peaceful solution to the crisis fell on stony ground.
26. Go fly a kite – tell someone to get lost
When the son asked for more money the father told him to go fly a kite.
27. Hit below the belt – extremely cruel and unfair
He is very blunt. His comments often hit below the belt.
28. In the doldrums – feeling depressed
He has been in the doldrums ever since she left him.
29. Left-handed compliment – seeming praise which is actually an insult
She said she liked my hair, but it turned out to be a left-handed compliment when
she asked how long I'd been dyeing it.
30. Nook and cranny – every corner or part of a place
She has searched every nook and cranny for the lost watch.
31. Ask for the moon – ask for something impossible
Please don't ask for the moon. We're working on a tight budget. Please be
reasonable!
32. Beyond one’s ken – not within the reach of one’s understanding
Financial matters are beyond my ken, so I avoid getting involved in such matters.
33. Cheek by jowl – very close together, side by side
She and her family have to live cheek by jowl with the slum-dwellers.
34. Find one’s feet – establish oneself in a new place
He was away from business for a long time, so it will take him a while to find his feet
again.
35. Get one’s act together – do things effectively
The official was asked to get his act together if he wanted to keep his post.
33
36. Hats off to someone – admire someone

Hats off to Samarth for finding such a splendid venue for a party!
37. Kangaroo court – a court of law where justice is not served
Two foreigners were lynched in Afghanistan by a Kangaroo court last week.
38. Last but not the least – finally
I would like to thank my parents, my teachers, and last but not least, my friends for
their support during my graduation.
39. Nose in the air – proud; conceited
He's a snob and always has his nose in the air when he's around us.
40. Paper tiger – a weak person appearing to be strong
The police officer was revealed as a paper tiger during the mob attack.
41. Band-aid solution – a temporary solution to a problem
Tax credits given to students are merely a band-aid solution to the rising cost of
getting an education.
42. Dress up to the nines – wear one’s best clothes
Harsh went out dressed up to the nines to the party.
43. Foot the bill – pay up the bill
Who's going to foot the bill for the damage?
44. Give someone the cold shoulder – ignore or reject someone
I thought we were friends, but the last time I saw him he gave me the cold shoulder.
45. Horse sense – common sense
The parents and children of this country have a certain amount of horse sense.
46. Know one’s onions – be skilled and informed
If you ever need someone to fix your computer, ask Param, he really knows his
onions!
47. Long face – look sad
After losing a game of chess, he came to me with a long face.
48. Pink slip – job termination letter
After all those years of hard work, they just handed him a pink slip and it was over.
49. Neck and neck – a very close race
The two boys ran toward the finish line neck and neck.
50. Once bitten twice shy – learning from a bad experience
She certainly won't marry again – once bitten, twice shy.
******************
34
Give meanings and use the following PHRASAL VERBS in sentences of your own:
1. set up – establish
Mr Sen set up a new business because he was not interested in his father’s
business.
2. save up – keep money for future use
Nitin managed to save up some money for a new car.
3. pass by – go past
We passed by a dense forest on our way to Saputara.
4. look for – search for
She looked for the lost purse in every corner of the house.
5. go out – leave one’s house or country
Jatin wants to go out for higher studies.
6. set out – leave one’s place and begin a journey
The family set out for Matheran in the first week of May.
7. set about – begin a task
She set about the business of cleaning the house.
8. wear away – become thin; no longer visible by constant use
The eraser will wear away quickly if you overuse it.
9. dawn on – become gradually clear to one’s mind
It dawned on him later that the stranger was a policeman in civil dress.
10. sit up – not go to bed until late than the usual time
Students often sit up late during exam time.
11. take up – accept an offer
Ritesh took up the challenge of losing 5 kgs in a month.
12. hang up – place on a hook
He hung up his grandfather’s walking stick behind the door.
13. carry off – manage
The students carried off the whole event wonderfully.
14. patch up – settle a dispute or argument
Raj and Shiva patched up their quarrels and started their business again.
15. make out – prepare
I made out a list and went to the market.
16. put up – increase
The banker advised the customer to avoid putting up dues.
17. pay off – pay in full
The co-operative society paid off good dividend last year.
18. come across – meet by chance
Four years after graduation I came across an old friend at the supermarket.
19. call out for – to say something loudly to draw attention
He called out for the students to make a queue.
20. take away – remove
He took away the empty bowl from the table.
21. speak up – speak your mind
The teacher asked the student to speak up on the impact of social media.
22. tear down – demolish
The municipal corporation tore down the unauthorised construction.
23. start for – to leave one place to go to another
We started for Ladakh on Sunday.
35
24. turn up – arrive, appear

The police secretly waited near the mall but the thief did not turn up.
25. work out – happen or develop in a particular way
Our boss is unhappy because his sales plans did not work out as expected.
26. pass on – communicate a person’s wishes, opinion, etc. to another person
The principal asked the teachers to pass on the message to all students.
27. start up – to begin work
My friend wants to start up a new business next year.
28. gaze upon – observe; watch; notice
The investigating officer gazed upon all the proofs of the case.
29. drop over – visit for a short time
The Chief Minister will drop over at the science fair tomorrow.
30. go around – move around an obstacle
Jagdish went around the huge stone for a while and then pushed it away.
31. pass away – die
My friend’s grandfather passed away last week due to heart attack.
32. jostle for – compete for
All the children jostled for the chocolates at the birthday party.
33. peer at – examine
The detective peered at the broken pieces of a vase at the crime spot.
34. peer out – become visible
Some birds peered out from the aviary after an hour’s wait.
35. look at – stare
Rajesh kept looking at the unknown stranger for a while.
36. call at – to stop at a place for a short times
His boss called at his house yesterday to meet his sick mother.
37. resort to – do something when no other option is available
Officials fear that the mob may resort to violence.
38. dash out – leave quickly
He just wanted to dash out of the house and feel the rain at that time.
39. doze off – fall asleep lightly
The employee found a little time to doze off in the afternoon.
40. get out – leave or go out of a place
The fire-fighters asked the customers to immediately get out of the mall.
41. marry off – find a wife or a husband for one’s son or daughter
The rich businessman married off his son with a poor but intelligent girl.
42. look after – take care of
We must look after our parents and elders.
43. break out – start suddenly
The pandemic of Covid-19 broke out in 2019.
44. dwindle away – become gradually smaller
His bank balance soon dwindled away as he spent a lot on gambling.
45. send in – hand in
The candidates were informed to send in their applications in a week.
46. pass by – go past
We passed by a historical building on our way to the railway station.
47. make up – to be composed of
This furniture is made up of the best quality wood.
36
48. part with – give away or get rid of something

The kids were not ready to part with their toys and sweets.
49. put down – keep something on the floor
The terrorists were instructed by the soldiers to put down their guns.
50. spring up – appear quickly
A squirrel sprang up when I was trying to pluck a mango from the tree.
****************
37
1. Write the minutes of a statutory meeting.
Windsteel Engineering Limited

Statutory Meeting
Date: 2 January 2024 Time: 10:00 a.m.
Venue: Meeting Room
MINUTES
Present:
Mr. K.C. Mehta, Chairman
Mr. H.M. Surti , Secretary
Mr. A.N. Nanavati, Vice-President
Mr. M.K. Malhotra, Treasurer
and 30 shareholders
1. Call to order:
Mr. K. C. Mehta, the chairman, called the meeting to order.
2. List of shareholders:
The chairman told the members that a list of shareholders had been put on the notice board of
the Company and was open to inspection during the course of the meeting.
3. Statutory report and chairman's address:

The statutory report was then taken up. The chairman reviewed the activities of the Company
since its incorporation and referred to its financial position and business prospects. He also
invited discussion and questions on the report which were satisfactorily answered.
4. Approval of modifications of contract:

After the discussion on the report, a shareholder moved that the modifications in the contract
between the Company and Mahavir Corporation Ltd. referred to in the report be approved. It
was resolved: “That the modifications in the contract between the Company and Mahavir
Corporation Ltd. as stated in the statutory report be and are hereby approved.”
5. Adoption of report:
It was then moved that the statutory report as presented be approved. Accordingly, it was
unanimously resolved: “That the statutory report be and is hereby approved.”
6. Vote of Thanks:
The meeting completed with a vote of thanks to the chair.
Date: Sd/- Chairman
**************
38
2. Write the minutes of an annual general meeting.
Laxmipati Textile Industries

Annual General Meeting
Venue: Registered Office of the Company
MINUTES
Present:
Mr. J.P. Dawar, Chairman
Mr. G.K. Nanda, Secretary
Mr. S.D. Yadav, Director
Mr. H.R. Shah, Auditor
Mr. L.K. Bhatt, Solicitor
and 102 shareholders
1. Call to order:
The chairman, Mr. J. P. Dawar, called the meeting to order.
2. Directors’ report and accounts:

The chairman suggested that the Directors’ report and the Accounts issued therewith be taken
as read. In his address, he referred to the all-round progress made by the Company. He
outlined the diversification projects of the company and expressed the hope that the company
would continue to do satisfactory business during the period to follow. He moved, “That the
Directors’ report and Accounts as audited by the company auditors now before the Meeting
be and are hereby approved and adopted.”
3. Dividend:
The Director, Mr. S.D. Yadav, moved “That a dividend of rupees 75 per equity share, subject
to income tax is hereby approved and the said dividend be paid to the shareholders whose
names mentioned on the books of the company as on 15th December 2023.”
4. Election of directors:
Mr. J. P. Dawar, the chairman, seconded the following resolution.
Resolved: “That, Mr. S.D. Yadav, the retiring director of the company being eligible for re-
election be and is hereby elected director of the company”. This resolution was unanimously
adopted.
5. Appointment of auditors:
The chairman resolved: “That Sujal Associates, is re-appointed as auditor of the company
from the conclusion of this meeting until the conclusion of the next annual general meeting at
a fee of Rs. 5,00,000.
6. Vote of thanks:
The meeting ended with the cordial vote of thanks to the Chairman and there being no other
business on hand, the chairman adjourned the meeting.
Date: Sd/- Chairman
**************
39
3. Write the minutes of the first board meeting.

Narayan Industries Limited
First Meeting of the Board of Directors
Venue: Central Hall
MINUTES
Present:
Mr. S.K. Thakur, Director
Mr. A.V. Singh, Director
Mr. V.D. Joshi, Director
Mr. R.A. Mistry, Director
Mr. K.L. Sharma, Director
Mr. P.M. Besania, Secretary
Mr. J.K. Verma, Solicitor
1. Chairman of meeting:
Mr. S. K. Thakur, was unanimously elected chairman of the meeting.
2. Chairman of company:
Resolved: “That Mr. S. K. Thakur be and is hereby appointed Chairman of the Board and of the
company.”
3. Appointment of secretary:
Resolved: “That P.M. Besania, be and is hereby appointed Secretary of the Company at a salary of
52,000 per month, the appointment to be terminable on three months’ notice on either side and that an
agreement embodying these and other terms applicable to Company’s officers be drawn upon
accordingly.
4. Appointment of solicitors:
Resolved: “That Verma & Sons., Solicitors, Ring Road, Surat, be and are hereby appointed Solicitors
of the Company.”
5. Appointment of bankers:
Resolved: “That Bank of India, Ring Road Branch, be and are appointed bankers to the company and
that the Secretary be and he is hereby authorized to open an account with the said bank.”
Resolved: “That all cheques drawn on behalf of the company and all acceptance in its name be signed
by two directors and countersigned by the Secretary, that cheques payable to the company be
sanctioned on company's behalf by the Secretary alone and that a copy of this resolution together with
the specimen signature of Mr. A.V. Singh and Mr. V.D. Joshi (Directors) and Mr. P.M. Besania,
Secretary, be well-appointed to the bankers.
6. Prospectus:
The solicitor produced a draft of the proposed prospectus to be issued inviting applications for shares
and it was resolved that the draft prospectus as prepared and initialled by the chairman for
identification be approved and it be printed immediately, filed with Registrar of Companies, issued to
the public and advertised twice in The Hindustan Times, The Times of India and The Hindu, all
arrangements as to the printing and issue of the prospectus being left in the hands of the chairman and
the solicitors.
7. Quorum:
Resolved: “That three directors shall constitute a quorum at the Board meeting.”
8. Next Meeting:
The next meeting of the board was fixed to be held on Friday 22ndMarch 2024 at 10:00 a.m.
Date: Sd/- Chairman
**************
40
4. Write the minutes of general board meeting of Apex Steel Company.
Apex Steel Company

General Meeting of the Board of Directors
Date: 03/02/2024 Time: 10:00 am
Venue: Head Office
MINUTES
Present:
1. Mr. Harish Shah, Director

2. Mr. Satish Patel, Director
3. Mr. Ravi Chauhan, Director
4. Mr. Pavan Malhotra, Director
5. Mr. Dinesh Patel, Director
Absent:
Mr. Ajay Mistry, Director
Quorum being present, the meeting was called to order at 10:00 am by Mr. Harish Shah, the
Chairperson of the Board.
1. Opening Remarks:
 The Chairperson welcomed everyone and called the meeting to order.
 Roll call was taken to establish the presence of a quorum.
2. Approval of Agenda:
 The agenda for the meeting was circulated prior to the session.
 Motion to approve the agenda was made by Mr Ravi Chauhan and seconded by Mr.
Dinesh Patel.
 The agenda was unanimously approved.
3. Approval of Minutes:
 The minutes of the previous meeting held on 03/01/2024 were reviewed.
 Motion to approve the minutes was made by Mr. Pavan Malhotra and seconded by
Mr. Dinesh Patel.
 The minutes were unanimously approved.
4. Financial Report:
 The CFO presented the financial report for the current quarter.
 Other significant financial highlights or concerns were discussed.
 Questions and clarifications were entertained from the board members.
5. Operational Updates:
 The CEO provided an update on the company's current operations.
 Questions and suggestions from the board were addressed.
6. Strategic Initiatives:
 The Board discussed ongoing and proposed strategic initiatives.
 Details of each initiative were presented and discussed.
 A motion was made by Mr. Dinesh Patel to approve the proposal for diversification,
seconded by Mr. Satish Patel.
7. Any Other Business:
 Any additional items brought up during the meeting were discussed here.
8. Next Meeting:
 The date, time, and location for the next board meeting were determined.
 Any specific agenda items for the next meeting were identified.
9. Adjournment:
 There being no further business, the meeting was adjourned at 11:00 am.
Date: Sd/- Chairman

**************
41
5. Write the notice, agenda and minutes of a statutory meeting.
Notice of Statutory Meeting

Ravi Textiles Pvt. Ltd.
Ring Road, Surat
NOTICE
02 January 2023
Dear Shareholders,
Notice is hereby given that in the pursuance of Section 165 of the company’s act, 1956, the
Statutory Meeting of Ravi Textiles Pvt. Ltd. will be held on 4 March 2023 at 4 pm, at Sardar
Bhavan, Ring Road, Surat, for the purpose of considering the statutory report and for
conducting all other business which ought to be conducted at such meeting.
AGENDA
1. Notice of Meeting
2. List of Shareholders
3. Statutory Report
4. Chairman’s speech
5. Discussion and Questions
6. Vote of Thanks
Shareholders are requested to attend the meeting in person or by proxy.
By order of the Board,
Bharat Jain, Secretary, Ravi Textiles Pvt. Ltd.
42
Ravi Textiles Pvt. Ltd.

Statutory Meeting
Date: 4 March 2023 Time: 4 pm
Venue: Sardar Bhavan, Ring Road, Surat
MINUTES
Present:
1. Anand Jain (Chairman)

2. Bharat Jain (Secretary)
3. Chirag Jain (Treasurer)
4. Dinesh Shah (Director)
5. Mukesh Shah (Director)
and 25 shareholders (names attached herewith)
Quorum being present, the meeting was called to order at 4 pm by Anand Jain, the
1. Notice of Meeting: Shri Bharat Jain, Secretary, read out the notice dated 2 January
2023, convening the meeting.
2. List of Shareholders: The Chairman drew the attention of the meeting to the fact that
a list of shareholders was placed on the table, as required by the Act, and was open for
inspection.
3. Statutory Report: With the consent of the members present, the Statutory Report
dated 2 January 2023 was taken as read. The Chairman briefly reviewed the position
and prospects of the Company.
4. Discussion and Questions: The Chairman invited discussion and questions on the
Report. Questions raised by members were satisfactorily answered by the Chairman.
5. Vote of Thanks: The meeting ended with a vote of thanks to the Chair.
Date: Sd/- Chairman
**************
43
6. Draft the notice, agenda and minutes of an annual general meeting.
NOTICE
of Annual General Meeting
Ajay Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd.
Vesu, Surat
2 January 2023
Dear Shareholders,
Notice is hereby given that the Annual General Meeting (AGM) of Ajay Pharmaceuticals Pvt.
Ltd. will be held on 5 February 2023 at 11 am, at Laxmi Bhavan, Vesu, Surat.
AGENDA
1. Call to Order
2. Reading and Confirmation of the Minutes of the Last AGM
3. Presentation of the Director's Report
4. Adoption of Audited Financial Statements
5. Declaration of Dividends
6. Appointment of Auditors
7. Election of Directors
8. Any Other Business
Shareholders are requested to attend the meeting in person or by proxy.
By order of the Board,
Rupesh Jain, Secretary, Ajay Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
44
Ajay Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd.

Annual General Meeting
Date: 5 February 2023 Time: 11 am
Venue: Laxmi Bhavan
MINUTES
Present:
1. Pravin Shah (Chairman)
2. Rupesh Jain (Secretary)
3. Shravan Goyal (Treasurer)
4. Tarang Patel (Director)
5. Umang Patel (Director)
Absent:
1. Varun Shah (Director)
Quorum being present, the meeting was called to order at 11 am by Pravin Shah, the
1. Call to Order:
 The Chairperson welcomed everyone and called the meeting to order.
 Roll call was taken to establish the presence of a quorum.
2. Reading and Confirmation of the Minutes:
 The minutes of the last AGM held on 2 February 2022 were read and
confirmed.
3. Presentation of the Director's Report:
 The Directors presented a comprehensive report on the company's activities
and performance during the preceding financial year.
4. Adoption of Audited Financial Statements:
 Shareholders considered and adopted the audited financial statements for the
financial year ended 2022-23.
5. Declaration of Dividends:
 The Board proposed the declaration of dividends, which was approved by the
shareholders.
6. Appointment of Auditors:
 Shareholders considered and appointed Patel & Sons as auditors for the
ensuing year.
7. Election of Directors:
 Details of director elections and outcomes.
8. Any Other Business:
 Any additional items brought up during the meeting were discussed here.
9. Closing Remarks:
 The Chairperson thanked the shareholders for their participation and
contributions.
The meeting was adjourned at 1 pm.
Date: Sd/- Chairman

**************
45
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER
Class: T.Y.B.Com.(EM) Subject: Written & Spoken Total Marks : 50

Communication Skills
Sem-VI Time: 2 hours
Q:1 Answer the following questions in brief: (ANY FIVE) [10]
1. How are hope, optimism and positivity different?

2. How do you think being unemployed affects both the individual and the
organisation?
3. What are some of the things you can do to run a small business successfully?
4. How would you find a suitable person to help you with your business?
5. How can individuals develop their professional skills continuously throughout their
career and their lives?
6. Explain the proverb: It is never winter in the land of hope.
7. Explain the proverb: Duty knows no family.
Q:2-A Draft a dialogue on the following situation: ANY ONE [07]
i) Two friends talk about the upcoming exams.
ii) Ravi has lost his purse. Jyoti informs him that it is necessary to lodge a complaint with the
police.
Q:2-B Narration: ANY ONE [07]
i) Write about what gender discrimination means to you and how would you combat it from
a leadership position.
ii) Write about a teacher who has influenced you in a positive way, apart from your
academic studies. What are some of the qualities you felt he/she had that made him/her
good leader in the classroom?
Q:3-A Draft notice/agenda/minutes on the following: ANY ONE [09]
i) Draft the minutes of the Statutory Meeting of Anjani Metals Ltd.
ii) Draft the notice and agenda of the General Meeting of Amar Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd.
Q:3-B Draft a Presentation (minimum 8 slides and script) on the following: ANY ONE [09]
i) Launch of a new perfume
ii) The importance of Communication Skills in Life
Q-4-A Write the meanings of phrasal verbs and use them in sentences: ANY TWO [04]
a) part with b) spring up c) put down d) pass by
Q-4-B Write the meanings of the idioms and use them in sentences: ANY TWO [04]
a) band-aid solution b) dress up to the nines c) foot the bill d) long face
************
46

With Answers

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

With Answers

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

With Answers

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TYBCom (EM) Sem-6 English - W & S C Skills

SYLLABUS FOR SEM-6 (ENGLISH – WRITTEN & SPOKEN COMMUNICATION SKILLS)

TEXTBOOK-1: ENGLISH AND SOFT SKILLS VOLUME-2 by S. P. Dhanavel

Chapter 6 Positivity Skills

Chapter 8 Professional Skills

Chapter 9 Leadership Skills

Chapter 10 Holistic and Visionary Skills

TEXTBOOK-2: SPOKEN ENGLISH: A Foundation Course Part-II by K. Sadanand & S. Punitha

Module 9 41. Talking about Future Events

42. Talking about Intentions and Plans

43. Talking about Purpose and Consequence

44. Talking about Arrangements

45. Reporting What People Said

Module 10 46. Expressing Certainty and Uncertainty

47. Expressing Possibility and Impossibility

48. Expressing Probability and Improbability

49. Expressing Obligation and Necessity

50. Expressing Ability and Inability

Notice, Agenda, Minutes

Distribution of marks for the University Examination

Q.2.A Dialogue writing (1 out of 2) 07 marks

Q.2.B Narration of a situation or a case to illustrate the application 07 marks

Q.3.A Notice & Agenda/Minutes (any 1 out of 2) 09 marks

Q.3.B Presentation (any 1 out of 2) 09 marks

Q.4.A Phrasal verbs (any 2 out of 4) 04 marks

Q.4.B Idioms (any 2 out of 4) 04 marks

DIALOGUE WRITING SAMPLES:

2. Talking about Intentions and Plans

Neha: That's awesome, Sanjana! Your dedication to environmental causes is inspiring.

3. Talking about Purpose and Consequence

4. Talking about Arrangements

5. Reporting What People Said

Karan: Really? What did he say about it?

6. Expressing Certainty and Uncertainty

7. Expressing Possibility and Impossibility

8. Expressing Probability and Improbability

9. Expressing Obligation and Necessity

10. Expressing Ability and Inability

Narration / Case study

6. Documenting Performance: Throughout the process, I would maintain thorough

Ans. Gender discrimination, to me, represents an unjust and harmful treatment of

1. Establishing Equal Opportunity Policies: Implementing and enforcing clear policies

4. Promoting Gender Diversity in Leadership: Actively working to increase

5. Creating a Safe and Inclusive Environment: Fostering a culture of respect, dignity,

6. Leading by Example: Demonstrating a commitment to gender equality and inclusion

In witnessing my parents' relentless pursuit of their dreams amidst their myriad

Short question answers:

4) Delivering quality products/services timely

5) Communicating thoughts effectively

6) Treating customers with empathy and respect

7) Providing consistent satisfactory experiences

13. How do business people communicate their reliability to their customers?

example 3) Conduct background and reference checks on all employees/partners

competent due to lack of training or experience may contribute to unprofessional

Sample Presentation 1 - Effective Presentation Skills

Effective Presentation Skills

Presented by Mr Parimal Shah

As you know, the subject of my presentation today is Effective Presentation Skills.

My presentation will take about 20 minutes followed by a question-and-answer session. Let’s