TS 2020 02 12 Presentation Triantafyllopoulos

ASHRAE HELLENIC CHAPTER
ASHRAE 90.4
Energy Standard for Data Centers
• Alkis Triantafyllopoulos
• Email: A.Triantafillopoulos@Menerga.gr
• Mechanical Engineer
• Head of Engineering @ Menerga Hellas
• ASHRAE Hellenic Chapter Vice President
2019-2020
21/02/2019 1
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1.PURPOSE
The purpose of this standard is to establish the
minimum energy efficiency requirements of
data centers for
• a. design, construction, and a plan for
operation and maintenance
• b. use of on-site or off-site renewable energy
resources.
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2. SCOPE
2.1 This standard applies to
• a. new data centers, or portions thereof, and their
systems;
• b. new additions to data centers, or portions
thereof, and their systems; and
• c. modifications to systems and equipment in
existing data centers or portions thereof.
2.2 The provisions of this standard do not apply to
• a. telephone exchanges,
• b. essential facilities, and
• c. information technology equipment (ITE).
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• 4. ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT

• New Buildings
• Additions to Existing Buildings
• Alterations of Existing Buildings
• Replacement of Portions of Existing Buildings
• Changes in Space Conditioning
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5. BUILDING ENVELOPE
• Section 5 specifies the requirements for the
building envelope.
• Compliance. The building envelope shall
comply with ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1,
Section 5.
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6. HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR

CONDITIONING
• specifies the requirements for heating,
ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC)
systems installed to serve data center spaces.
HVAC systems installed to serve other spaces
shall comply with ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard
90.1,
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The HVAC system shall comply with

• Section 6.1, “General”;
• Section 6.4,“Mandatory Provisions,”
• Section 6.5, “Maximum Annualized
Mechanical Load Component (Annualized
MLC),”
• Section 6.6, “Submittals.”
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6.4 Mandatory Provisions

• Verification of Equipment Efficiencies.
Equipment efficiency information supplied by
manufacturers shall be verified by one of the
following:
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• a. Equipment covered under the Energy Policy Act of 2005

(EPAct) shall comply with U.S.Department of Energy
certification requirements.
• b. If a certification program exists for a piece of equipment
and it includes provisions for verification and challenge of
equipment efficiency ratings, then the product shall be
listed in the certification program.
• c. If a certification program exists for a piece of equipment
and it includes provisions for verification and challenge of
equipment efficiency ratings but the product is not listed in
the existing certification program, the ratings shall be
verified by an independent laboratory test report.
• d. If no certification program exists for a piece of
equipment, the equipment efficiency ratings shall be
supported by data furnished by the manufacturer.
• e. Where components such as indoor or outdoor coils from
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• 6.5 Maximum Annualized Mechanical Load

Component (Annualized MLC).
• Annualized MLC shall be calculated using
Equation 6.5. The resulting value shall be less
than or equal to the value in Table 6.5,
“Maximum Annualized Mechanical Load
Component (Annualized MLC).”
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Example:
Data Center ITE Energy50% for a design ITE load of
1000 kW
Data Center ITE Energy50% = 1000 kW ×
8760 hours/year × 0.5 = 4,380,000 kWh
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• 6.5.1.2 Calculated Quantity of Operating

Units (N). As shown in Table 6.5.1.2, the
number of HVAC units required to meet the
load can vary based on ambient air design
conditions or a host of other factors
determined by the design professional. When
redundant equipment is provided, it shall be
permitted to be used in calculations to
demonstrate compliance only when the
design uses partially loaded equipment
efficiencies.
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6.6 Submittals
Completion Requirements:
• Drawings
• Record drawings shall include, as a minimum,
the location and performance data on each
piece of equipment; general configuration of
the duct and pipe distribution system,
including sizes; and the terminal air or water
design flow rates.
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Completion Requirements (continue):

Manuals (operating manual and a maintenance manual)
• a. Submittal data stating equipment size and selected options for
each piece of equipment requiring maintenance.
• b. Operation manuals and maintenance manuals for each piece of
equipment and system requiring maintenance, except equipment
not furnished as part of the project. Required routine
maintenance actions shall be clearly identified.
• c. Names and addresses of at least one service agency
• d. HVAC controls system maintenance and calibration information,
including wiring diagrams, schematics, and control sequence
descriptions. Desired or field-determined set points shall be
permanently recorded on control drawings at control devices or,
for digital control systems, in programming comments.
• e. A complete narrative of how each system is intended to
operate, including suggested set points. 19
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7. SERVICE WATER HEATING

• The service water heating shall comply with
ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1, Section 7
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• 8. POWER
• specifies the requirements for the building
electrical systems delivering power to the data
center space’s IT load, and to equipment
described
(Electrical systems delivering power for other
uses and other spaces shall comply with
ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1, Section 8.)
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• 8.2.1 Compliance:
• 8.4, “Mandatory Provisions”; and Section 8.7,
“Submittals”; and either
• a. Section 8.5, “Maximum Design Electrical
Loss Component (Design ELC) Option for
Designs Involving Electrical Systems Only”, or
• b. Section 8.6, “Maximum Design Electrical
Loss Component (Design ELC) Option for
Designs Involving Both Electrical and
Mechanical Systems.”
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• Electrical Distribution Systems for Mechanical

Loads. The electrical distribution systems
serving mechanical loads shall be designed
with pathway losses not exceeding 2%;
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• 8.4.1.1 Multiple Electrical Paths. Where there

are multiple paths for any segment of the
electrical distribution system, the calculations
shall use the paths with the highest losses
and/or lowest efficiencies for each segment to
demonstrate compliance.
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• 8.4.1.2 Minimum Efficiency or Maximum

Loss. The design ELC calculations shall use the
minimum operating efficiency or maximum
operating loss of each component unless a
specific mode of operation (with higher
efficiency or lower loss) is designated on the
approved design documents
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• 8.4.1.3 Corrections Allowed.

• 8.4.1.4 Incoming Electrical Service Segment.
• 8.4.1.5 UPS Segment Efficiency.
• 8.4.1.6 ITE Distribution Segment Efficiency
• 8.4.1.7 Combined UPS and Pathway Loss
Calculations
• 8.4.1.8 Alternate Designs
• 8.4.1.9 Derivation of Electrical Component
Efficiencies (a. Rated equipment. b. Unrated
equipment)
• 8.4.1.10 Constant ITE Power.
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• 8.5 Maximum Design Electrical Loss

Component (Design ELC) for Designs Involving
Electrical Systems Only.
• 8.6 Maximum Design Electrical Loss
Component (Design ELC) for Designs Involving
Both Electrical and Mechanical Systems
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• 8.7 Submittals
• 8.7.1 Drawings. Construction documents shall require that
within 30 days after the date of system acceptance, record
drawings of the actual installation shall be provided to the
building owner, including the following:
• a. A single-line diagram of the building electrical
distribution system
• d. Floor plans indicating locations of and areas served by all
distribution
• e. All conditions used for the Basis of Design and
calculations such as UPS N+1 and UPS economy mode
operation
• f. Design ELC calculations showing the actual numbers used
and demonstrating compliance with the applicable Table
8.5 or Table 8.6 values
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• 8.7.2 Manuals. Construction documents shall require

that an operating manual and maintenance
• manual be provided to the building owner. The
manuals shall include, at a minimum, the following:
• a. Submittal data stating equipment rating and selected
options for each piece of equipment requiring
maintenance
• b. Operation and maintenance manuals for each piece
of equipment requiring maintenance (Required routine
maintenance actions shall be clearly identified.)
• c. Names and addresses of at least one qualified
service agency
• d. A complete narrative of how each system is intended
to operate
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• 9. LIGHTING
• 9.1 General
• 9.1.1 Scope. Section 9 specifies the
requirements for the lighting.
• 9.2 Compliance Paths
• 9.2.1 Compliance. The lighting shall comply
with ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1, Section
• 9.
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• 10. OTHER EQUIPMENT

• Other equipment shall comply with
ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1, Section 10.
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11. ALTERNATIVE COMPLIANCE METHOD

• 11.1.1 Sections 6 and 8 Trade-Off Method
Scope.
• 11.1.2 Sections 6 and 8 Trade-Off Method
Rationale
• 11.1.3 Trade-Offs Limited to Building Permit.
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TC 9.9 Data Center Environmental Guidelines

Incorporated in EU Regulation
• This works on design and operation of energy
efficient data centers and IT equipment.
• TC 9.9 was requested to review and provide input
on an European Union (EU) Regulation for servers
and data storage products.
• Ecodesign Regulation for servers and data
storage products was approved at the September
2018
• Portions of the regulation will take effect on
March 1, 2020 with the final items being
implemented on Jan. 1, 2023.
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Three main areas of focus on IT equipment design:

• Minimum PSU (power supply unit) efficiency and
power factor requirements
• Manufacturers requirements that ensure that
joining, fastening or sealing techniques do not
prevent the disassembly for repair or reuse
purposes
• Idle state power and active power efficiency
requirements for servers with one or two
processor sockets and for some of its key
components; and a number of data sets that
manufacturers will need to provide to verify
compliance
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Thank you
• Alkis Triantafyllopoulos
• Email: A.Triantafillopoulos@Menerga.gr
21/02/2019 41

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ASHRAE HELLENIC CHAPTER

• 4. ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT

6. HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR

The HVAC system shall comply with

6.4 Mandatory Provisions

• a. Equipment covered under the Energy Policy Act of 2005

• 6.5 Maximum Annualized Mechanical Load

• 6.5.1.2 Calculated Quantity of Operating

Completion Requirements (continue):

7. SERVICE WATER HEATING

• Electrical Distribution Systems for Mechanical

• 8.4.1.1 Multiple Electrical Paths. Where there

• 8.4.1.2 Minimum Efficiency or Maximum

• 8.4.1.3 Corrections Allowed.

• 8.5 Maximum Design Electrical Loss

• 8.7.2 Manuals. Construction documents shall require

• 10. OTHER EQUIPMENT

11. ALTERNATIVE COMPLIANCE METHOD

TC 9.9 Data Center Environmental Guidelines

Three main areas of focus on IT equipment design:

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