CANDIDATE’S NAME: _____________________________________________

FIRST CLASS ACADEMY EXAMINATION BOARD

2019 MALAWI SCHOOL CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION MOCK 1 EXAMINATION

BIOLOGY

Subject Number: M038/I

Tuesday, 10th December 2019 Time Allowed: 2 hours
08:00 – 10:00am

PAPER I (100 marks)

Theory
Instructions:
1. This paper contains 9 printed pages. Please check.
Question Tick if Do not
Number answered write in
these
2. Before you begin, fill in your Number at the top of the question paper columns
and all other sheets.
1

3. This paper contains section A, B and C. answer all question in all the 2

section. Some can be answered quickly, but others require considerable 3

thought and may take longer.
4

4. Write your answers on the question paper in the space provided. The 5

maximum number of marks for each question is indicated against each 6

question. 7
8
5. In the table provided on this page, tic you have answered. 9
10
6. You should hand in your question paper to the invigilator. 11
12
13
14

© 2019 FCA Turn over

CANDIDATE’S NAME: _____________________________________________
2019 Page 2 of 14 M038/I

Section A (70 marks)

Answer all questions from this section.

1. (a) Define “transpiration stream”

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(1mark)
(b) Explain how the following are adapted to their function
(i) Mitochondria
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(1 mark)
(ii) Phloem vessels
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(1 mark
(c) Figure 1 shows the relative concentration of various ions in alga and its surrounding pond
water
Pond water

No3 So42- Fe2+ Mg2+

Cell wall
Cytoplasm

No3- So42-
Fe2+ Mg2+
Cell sap of alga
(2marks)
(i) Using arrow, show on the figure 1 above the direction of substance taken by active
transport and osmosis

(ii) Explain how such movement is brought about

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(2marks)
(ii) Explain one process that enables water to move up the xylem vessel.
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(2marks)
CANDIDATE’S NAME: _____________________________________________
2019 Page 3 of 14 M038/I

2. a. Explain the function differences between “T-Lymphocytes” and B-Lymphocytes”

reaction?
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(2marks)
b. Explain how does HIV weakens the immune systems of the body.
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(2marks)
c. Explain how the following provides the first line defense mechanism of the body.
(i) Trachea system
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(1mark)
(ii) Stomach
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(1mark)
3. Figure 2 is the diagram showing variation among organisms

a. Free b. Attached
(2marks)
a. (i). What type of variation is shown by the figure.
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(1mark)
(ii). Name the variation
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(2marks)
b. (i). Explain how “mutation” cause variation.
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(2marks)
CANDIDATE’S NAME: _____________________________________________
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(ii). Explain why gene mutation is more “lethal than “chromosome mutation”

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(2marks)
c. (i). Describe how sickle cell condition is caused.
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(1mark)
ii. Explain how natural selection operates negatively on the condition in C (i)
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(3marks)
4. Figure is the diagram showing the structure of villus(2marks)

Epithelium

Blood Capillary

Y
X

a. Name the parts labelled X and Y

X: ___________________________________________________ (1mark)
Y: ___________________________________________________ (1mark)

b. (i) Give the function of the part labelled X.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1mark)
(ii) How does the villus provides largest surface area in the small intestine
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(1mark)
CANDIDATE’S NAME: _____________________________________________
2019 Page 5 of 14 M038/I

c. Explain why enzymes gets denatured when exposed to very high temperature or beyond
____________________________________________________________________________
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(1mark)
d. Explain one problem associated with digestive system
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(2marks)
5. a (i) Give one mineral dements and one enzymes responsible for blood clotting process.
Mineral element_____________________________________________________________
enzyme____________________________________________________________________
(2marks)
(ii) Describe how blood clotting process occur

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(3marks)
(iii) Explain how blood clotting process prevent the entry of germs.
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(3 marks)
b. (i) Explain why the blood pressure is greater in the arteries than in veins.
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(2marks)
ii. Explain how ventricles of the heart creates systolic pressure
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(2marks)
6. A child developed the following signs and symptoms high fever rush inside the mouth and
cough
a. (i) Name the disease that the child could be suffering from
____________________________________________________________________________
(1mark)
CANDIDATE’S NAME: _____________________________________________
2019 Page 6 of 14 M038/I

(ii) How is the disease transmitted?

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(1mark)
b. Explain how cancer is caused.
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(1mark)
(ii) Give two effects of the cancerous cells in body.
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(2marks)
c. Explain why cancer is not contagious disease
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(1 mark)
7. Figure shows part of a nephron. Use it to answer the question

Arteriole from renal artery

W
X

Y
Blood returns to renal vein

a. Name the parts marked W and Z

W: ________________________________________________________________

Z: ________________________________________________________________
(2marks)
b. Name the process that occurs in region Y.
__________________________________________________________________________
(1mark)
CANDIDATE’S NAME: _____________________________________________
2019 Page 7 of 14 M038/I

c. (i) Name the nitrogenous waste excreted by kidneys

__________________________________________________________________________
(1mark)
(ii) Explain how the nitrogenous waste is formed in 7C (i)
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(2marks)
(iii)Name the condition associated with presence of glucose
__________________________________________________________________________
(1mark)
d. Table 1 shows the percentage composition of substances reabsorption
Substance Filtrate Blood in renal vein urine
Water 100.0 litres 99.0 litres 1.0litre
Chloride 370.0g 364.0g 6.0g
Glucose 70.0g 70.0g 0.0g
Urea 30.g 10.0g 20.0g
Uric acid 4.0g 3.5g 0.5g
Calcium 0.0g 9.85g 0.15g
Creatinine 1.0g 0.0g 1.0g

(i) Which substance is completely reabsorbed into the blood?

________________________________________________________________________
(1mark)
(ii) If the percentage of glucose was increased in urine. Suggest the possible cause of
the concentration
______________________________________________________________________
(1mark)
(iii) Which substances have high percentage of reabsorption into the blood
______________________________________________________________________
(1mark)
8. Figure shows different stages of development in Turtle, Chicken and Human. Use it to
answer the question that follow
CANDIDATE’S NAME: _____________________________________________
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a. What name is given to this evidence of evolution

__________________________________________________________________________
(1mark)
b. Explain how this evidence supports the theory of evidence
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
(2marks)
9. a. Define the term “environmental stress”
___________________________________________________________________________
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(1mark)
b. Explain how floods could be caused in an ecosystem.
___________________________________________________________________________
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(3marks)
c. In an ecosystem, a student split log deed wood and found many termites on it. Soon after
she had left, birds came to the termites. Use this information to answer the question that
follow
(i) Draw a well labelled pyramid of numbers to represent this
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(4marks)
(ii) Describe one way in which a pyramid of biomass can be constructed by using
food chain
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(2marks)
d. Explain one factor that affects primary productivity in fresh water ecosystems
________________________________________________________________________
(2marks)
10. Figure is a diagram of human brain. Use it to answer the question that follow

a. Name the part labelled U

U________________________________________________________________(1mark)
b. Why is part marked P highly folded
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
c. Table 1 show secretory organs homes and their effects. Use it to answer the question
that follow
Secretory organ Name of hormone Effect
(i) R Thyroxine Regulates metabolic reaction
Pancreas (ii) S Stimulate conversion of
glucose into glycose
Oestrogen Ovary (iii) T
 CANDIDATE’S NAME: _____________________________________________
2019 Page 10 of 14 M038/I

(i) Fill the parts marked R, S and T in the table

(ii) Explain how Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH) control osmoregulation

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
(2marks)
11. a Give one function of DNA molecule
______________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
One bread cow was found to have some resistance to diseases but its milk production was low
while another breed had high milk production but not resistant to diseases.

b. Explain one way in which new breed of cow with high milk production and resistance to
diseases would be produced from the two breeds.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(2marks)
c. Explain one way in which a mutation may be beneficial to an organism.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
(2marks)
12. Figure is a diagram of an experiment on effect of auxins on growth of a bean seedling. The
bean seedling was placed on a moist surface horizontally for two days. Use it to answer the
question that follow
CANDIDATE’S NAME: _____________________________________________
2019 Page 11 of 14 M038/I

a. Apart from gravity, mention two other stimuli to which the seedling could respond
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
(2marks)
b. Explain the effects of auxins on M
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
(2marks)
13. Figure show 5 chemical equation for two types of respiration in human beings
X C6H12O12 + 6O2 6H2O +2898KJ
Y C6H12O6 2CH5CH(OH) COOH + 150KH

a. (i) Give any two differences between X and Y

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
(2marks)
(ii) Mention one similarity between X and Y
___________________________________________________________________________
(1mark)
b. Define “passive” immunity
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
(1mark)
c. Explain how natural active immunity is acquired
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
(3marks)
CANDIDATE’S NAME: _____________________________________________
2019 Page 12 of 14 M038/I

Section C (30 Marks)

Essay Questions
Answer all questions in this section

14. In an environment where different organisms were sudden exposed to adverse climate.
Describe five characteristics of organism on which natural selection would not operate.
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(10marks)
CANDIDATE’S NAME: _____________________________________________
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15. Describe any five ways in which an outbreak of cholera can be controlled in an area.
___________________________________________________________________________
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(10 marks)
CANDIDATE’S NAME: _____________________________________________
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16. Describe an experiment that could be carried out to show the effect of practice on hitting
a target. Your answer should include procedure, experiment results and conclusion.
___________________________________________________________________________
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(10 marks)
END OF QUESTION PAPER

NB: This paper contains 14 printed pages.