Name of the Examination: FALL SEM 2023-2024 – CAT-1

Course Code: MAT1001 Course Title: Calculus for Engineers

Set number: Date of Exam:
Duration: 90 Min. Total Marks: 50

Instructions: Answer all the questions.

Q1. Answer the following: (5+5=10M)

(a) Calvin Butterball runs a 100 yard dash in 20 seconds. Assume that the
function s(t) which gives his position relative to the starting line is
continuous and differentiable. Show that Calvin must have been
running at 5 yards per second at some point during his run.

(b) The region under 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 from 𝑥 = 0 to 𝑥 = 𝜋 is revolved about the

𝑥-axis. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolution.

Q2. The temperature at a point (𝑥, 𝑦) is 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦), measured in degrees Celsius. A
bug crawls so that its position after t seconds is given by
1
𝑥 = √1 + 𝑡, 𝑦 = 2 + 𝑡 , where x and y are measured in centimeters. The
3
temperature function satisfies 𝑇𝑥 (2,3) = 4 and 𝑇𝑦 (2,3) = 3. How fast is
the temperature rising on the bug’s path after 3 seconds? (10M)

Q3. A rectangular sheet of cardboard is 15 wide and 24 inches high. Squares

with sides of length 𝑥 are cut out of each corner. The four resulting tabs
are folded up to make a rectangular box (with no top). Find the value of x
which gives the box of largest volume. (10M)

Q4. If the birth rate of a population is 𝑏(𝑡) = 2200𝑒 0.024𝑡 people per year and
the death rate is d(𝑡) = 1460𝑒 0.018𝑡 people per year. Find the area between
these curves for 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 10. What does this area represent? (10M)

Q5. The temperature of a metal plate is given by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑒 𝑦 cos 𝑥 find linear
and quadratic approximations of the temperature about (0, 𝜋/2). (10M)

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QP MAPPING
Module
Q. CO PO PEO PSO
Numbe Marks
No. Mapped Mapped Mapped Mapped
r
Q1 1 1 1,2,3,5 10
Q2 2 2 1,2,3,5 10
Q3 1 1 1,2,3,5 10
Q4 1 1 1,2,3,5 10
Q5 2 2 1,2,3,5 10

Page 2 of 2
Question 1 [10 mark(s)]
(a) Calvin Butterball runs a 100 yard dash in 20 seconds. Assume that the function s(t) which
gives his position relative to the starting line is continuous and differentiable. Show that Calvin
must have been running at 5 yards per second at some point during his run. [5]
Solution:
When t = 0, he’s at the starting line, so s = 0. When t = 20, he’s at the finish line, so s = 100.
Applying the Mean Value Theorem to s for 0 ≤ t ≤ 20, we find that there is a point c between
0 and 20 such that
100 − 0
s′ (c) = =5
20 − 0
That is, Calvin’s velocity at t = c was 5 yards per second, which is what we wanted to show.
(b) The region under y = sin x from x = 0 to x = π is revolved about the x-axis. Find the volume
of the solid generated by revolution. [5]
Solution:

To find the volume, cut the solid into circular slices perpendicular to the axis:

The radius of a typical slice is the height of the curve: r = sin x. The thickness is dx. Thus, the
volume of a typical slice is π(sin x)2 dx i.e. (circle area) times (thickness). So the total volume
is
Z π Z π π
π2

2 1 π 1
V = π(sin x) dx = π (1 − cos 2x)dx = x − sin 2x = = 4.93480.
0 0 2 2 2 0 2

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Question 2 [10 mark(s)]

The temperature at a point (x, y) is T (x, y),pmeasured in degrees Celsius. A bug crawls so that
its position after t seconds is given by x = (1 + t), y = 2 + 31 t , where x and y are measured
in centimeters. The temperature function satisfies Tx (2, 3) = 4 and Ty (2, 3) = 3. How fast is the
temperature rising on the bug’s path after 3 seconds?
Solution: Since x and y are each functions of t, T (x, y) is a function of t, so by the Chain Rule

dT ∂T dx ∂T dy
= +
dt ∂x dt ∂y dt
√ √
after 3 seconds x = 1+t= 1 + 3 = 2, y = 2 + 31 t = y = 2 + 13 (3) = 3, dx
dt = √1
2 1+t
= √1
2 1+3
= 1
4
and dy 1
dt = 3 . Then
dT
dt = ∂T dx
∂x dt + ∂T dy
∂y dt = 4( 14 ) + 3( 13 ) = 2. Thus the temperature is rising at a rate
0
of 2 C/s.
Question 3 [10 mark(s)]
A rectangular sheet of cardboard is 15 wide and 24 inches high. Squares with sides of length x are
cut out of each corner. The four resulting tabs are folded up to make a rectangular box (with no
top). Find the value of x which gives the box of largest volume.
Solution:

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MAT1001 CAT-1 CAT-1/OCT/2023

Now we go for double derivative and check either it is positive or negative at x = 3

V ′′ = 24x − 156, V ′′ (3) = −84 < 0,

so function has maximum value at x = 3 i.e. x = 3 maximizes the volume and the maximum value
of the volume is V (3) = 486.
Question 4 [10 mark(s)]
If the birth rate of a population is b(t) = 2200e0.024t people per year and the death rate is d(t) =
1460e0.018t people per year. Find the area between these curves for 0 ≤ t ≤ 10. What does this area
represent?
Solution:

Question 5 [10 mark(s)]

y
The temperature of a metal plate is given

by T (x, y) = e cos x find linear and quadratic approxi-
mations of the temperature about 0, π2 .
Solution: T (x, y) = ey cos x,

Tx = −ey sin x, y y

Txx π = −e cos
x, Tyy =

Ty = e cos x, ey cos x, and
π π
Txy = −ey sin x.
And T 0, π2 = e 2 , Tx 0, π2 = 0, Ty 0, π2 = e 2 , Txx 0, π2 = −e 2 , Tyy 0, π2 =


π
e 2 and Txy 0, π2 = 0.
Linear Approximation:
1
T (x, y) = T (a, b) + [(x − a)Tx (a, b) + (y − b)Ty (a, b)]
1!
 π 1 h  π  π   π i
= T 0, + (x − 0)Tx 0, + y− Ty 0,
2 1! 2 2 2
π 1 h  π  π
i
= e2 + (x − 0) × 0 + y − e2
1! 2
π
 π  π π
h πi
= e2 + y − e2 = e2 1 + y − .
2 2

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MAT1001 CAT-1 CAT-1/OCT/2023

Quadratic Approximation:
1
T (x, y) = T (a, b) + [(x − a)Tx (a, b) + (y − b)Ty (a, b)]
1!
1 
(x − a)2 Txx (a, b) + 2(x − a)(y − b)Txy (a, b) + (y − b)2 Tyy (a, b)

+
2!
 π 1 h  π  π   π i
= T 0, + (x − 0)Tx 0, + y− Ty 0,
 2 1! 2 2 2
 π 
1 2
 π  π   π  π 2
+ (x − 0) Txx 0, + 2(x − 0) y − Txy 0, + y− Tyy 0,
2! 2 2 2 2 2
 
π 1 h  π πi 1 2 π
 π   π 2 π
=e +
2 (x − 0) × 0 + y − e +
2 (x − 0) (−e ) + 2(x − 0) y −
2 ×0+ y− e 2
1! 2 2 2 2
 
π
 π π 1 π
 π 2 π
= e2 + y − e2 + −x2 e 2 + y − e2
2 2 2
π  x2
 
π
 1 π 2
=e 1+ y−
2 − + y− .
2 2 2 2

END OF QUESTION PAPER