CLASS X

Science
Max. Marks: 80 Time Allowed: 3 hours
General Instructions:
1. All questions would be compulsory. However, an internal choice of approximately
33%would be provided. 50% marks are to be allotted to competency-based questions.
2. Section A would have 16 simple/complex MCQs and 04 Assertion-Reasoning type
questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. Section B would have 6 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 02 marks each.
4. Section C would have 7 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 03 marks each.
5. Section D would have 3 Long Answer (LA) type questions carrying 05 marks each.
6. Section E would have 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of
assessment (04 marks each) with sub-parts of the values of 1/2/3 marks.

Section-A
Question 1 to 16 are multiple choice questions. Only one of the choices is correct. Select and
write the correct choice as well as the answer to these questions.

1.Which of the following is precipitation as well as double displacement reaction?

(a) NaOH(aq) + HNO3(aq) → NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l)
(b) Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq) → Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2Ag(s)
(c) 2Hg(s) + O2(g) 2HgO(s)
(d) FeCl3(aq) + 3NH4OH(aq) → Fe(OH)3(s) + 3NH4Cl(aq)

2.Which of the following reactions will not take place?

(a) Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu
(b) 2KBr + Cl2 → KCl + Br2
(c) Zn + MgSO4 → ZnSO4 + Mg
(d) Mg + FeSO4 → MgSO4 + Fe

3.Oxidation involves
(i) gain of electron (ii) loss of electron
(iii) addition of oxygen or electronegative element
(iv) removal of hydrogen or electropositive element
(a) (i), (ii), (iii) (b) (ii), (iii), (iv)
(c) (i), (iii), (iv) (d) (i), (ii), (iv)

4.Which of the following is (are) an endothermic process(es) ?

(i) Dilution of sulphuric acid (ii) Sublimation of dry ice
(iii) Condensation of water vapours (iv) Evaporation of water
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) only (c) (iii) only (d) (ii) and (iv)

5.An aqueous solution with pH = 1 is

(a) strongly acidic (b) strongly basic (c) neutral (d) weakly acidic

6.A sample of soil is mixed with water and allowed to settle. The clear supernatant solution turns the
pH paper yellowishorange. Which of the following would change the colour of this pH paper to
greenish-blue?
(a) Lemon juice (b) Vinegar (c) Common salt (d) An antacid

7.The part of the digestive system where no digestion takes place is

(a) ileum (b) stomach (c) mouth (d) oesophagus
8.Normal blood pressure (systolic/diastolic) is
(a) 120/80 mm of Hg (b) 160/80 mm of Hg
(c) 120/60 mm of Hg (d) 180/80 mm of Hg
9. When air is blown from mouth into a test-tube containing lime water, the lime water turns milky
due to the presence of
(a) oxygen (b) carbon dioxide (c) nitrogen (d) water vapour
10.Many unicellular organisms reproduce by the process of
(a) fission (b) ovulation (c) regeneration (d) non-disjunction
11.The fertilisation of human egg by the sperm takes place in
(a) vagina (b) uterus (c) ovary (d) oviduct
12. In case the ova does not fertilise, which of the following events will take place?
(a) Menstruation (b) Pregnancy (c) Implantation (d) Ovulation
13. The angle of incidence for a ray of light having zero reflection angle is
(a) 0 (b) 30° (c) 45° (d) 90°
14. Which of the following mirror is used by a dentist to examine a small cavity?
(a) Convex mirror (b) Plane mirror
(c) Concave mirror (d) Combination of convex and concave mirror
15. A battery of 10 volt carries 20,000 C of charge through a resistance of 20 Ω. The work done in 10
seconds is
(a) 2 × 103 joule (b) 2 × 105 joule
4
(c) 2 × 10 joule (d) 2 × 102 joule
16. The least resistance obtained by using 2 Ω, 4 Ω, 1 Ω and 100 Ω is
(a) < 100 Ω (b) < 4 Ω (c) < 1 Ω (d) > 2 Ω
Question No. 17 to 20 consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answerthese
questions by selecting the appropriate option given below:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D.A is false but R is true

17. Assertion(A) : The centre of curvature is not a part of the mirror. It lies outside its reflecting
surface.
Reason (R) : The reflecting surface of a spherical mirror forms a part of a sphere. This sphere has a
centre.
18. Mirror formula can be applied to a plane mirror.
Reason (R) : A plane mirror is a spherical mirror of infinite focal length.
19. Assertion (A) : In plants there is no need of specialised respiratory organs.
Reason (R) : Plants do not have great demands of gaseous exchange.
20. Assertion (A) : Human heart is four-chambered.
Reason (R) : Vena cava is the only artery that supplies deoxygenated blood to the heart.
Section-B
Question No. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions
21.Identify the type of each of the following reactions stating the reason for youranswers.
A. Fe2O3 + 2Al → Al2O3 + 2Fe + heat
Pb (NO3)2 + 2KI → PbI2( )+ 2KNO3
22. Write the chemical equation of the reaction in which the following changes have taken place with
an example of each:
(a) change in colour
(b) change in temperature
OR
Write chemical equation for the reactions taking place when
(a) Iron reacts with steam
(b) Magnesium reacts with dil. HCl
23. (a) Trace the path a male gamete takes to fertilise a female gamete after being released from the
penis.
(b) State the number of sets of chromosomes present in a zygote.
24. Define reproduction. How does it help in providing stability to the population of species?
25. State any two difference between real image and virtual image formed by a spherical mirror.
OR
Name the type of mirror used
(a) by dentist and
(b) in vehicles headlights Give reason why such mirrors are used in each case.
26. Define 1 volt. Express it in terms of SI unit of work and charge. Calculate the amount of energy
consumed in carrying a charge of 1 coulomb through a battery of 3 V.
Section-C
Question No. 27 to 33 are short answer questions
27.2 g of lead nitrate powder is taken in a boiling tube. The boiling tube is heated over a flame. Now
answer the following:
(a) State the colour of the fumes evolved and the residue left.
(b) Name the type of chemical reaction that has taken place stating its balanced chemical equation.
28. (a) Name the process by which autotrophs prepare their own food.
(b) List the three events which occur during this process.
(c) State two sources from which plants obtain nitrogen for the synthesis of proteins and other
compounds.
29. (a) State three common features of respiratory organs of animals.
(b) Write two points of difference between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.
30. What is tooth enamel chemically? State the condition when it starts corroding. What happens when
food particles left in the mouth after eating degrade? Why do doctors suggest use of tooth
powder/toothpaste to prevent tooth decay?
OR
Name the products formed in each case when
(a) hydrochloric acid reacts with caustic soda.
(b) granulated zinc reacts with caustic soda.
(c) carbon dioxide is passed into lime water.
31. (a) Two lenses have powers of (i) + 2D and (ii) – 4D. What is the nature and focal length of each
lens?
(b) An object is kept at a distance of 100 cm from each of the above lenses. Calculate the (i) image
distance and (ii) magnification in each of the two cases.
32. (a) List the factors on which the resistance of a conductor in the shape of a wire depends.
(b) Why are metals good conductors of electricity whereas glass is a bad conductor of electricity? Give
reason.
(c) Why are alloys commonly used in electrical heating devices? Give reason.

33. What is meant by pollination? Name and differentiate between the two modes of pollination in
flowering plants.
Section-D
Question No. 34 to 36 are long answer questions.

34. Attempt either option A or B.

A.
(a) Explain two ways by which food industries prevent rancidity.
(b) Discuss the importance of decomposition reaction in metal industry with three points.
OR
B. A metal nitrate ‘A’ on heating gives yellowish brown coloured metal oxide along with brown
gas ‘B’ and a colourless gas ‘C’. Aqueous solution of ‘A’ on reaction with potassium iodide
forms a yellow precipitate of compound ‘D’. Identify ‘A, B, C, D’. Also identify the types of
both the reactions. Metal present in ‘A’ is used in alloy which is used for soldering purposes.
35. (a) To construct a ray diagram, we use two light rays which are so chosen that it is easy to know
their directions after reflection from the mirror. List these two rays and state the path of these rays
after reflection. Use these rays to locate the image of an object placed between centre of curvature and
focus of a concave mirror.
(b) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image of an object placed between the pole and
principal focus of a concave mirror. How will the nature and size of the image formed change, if the
mirror is replaced by converging lens of same focal length?
OR
It is desired to obtain an erect image of an object, using concave mirror of focal length of 12 cm.
(i) What should be the range of distance of an object placed in front of the mirror?
(ii) Will the image be smaller or larger than the object? Draw ray diagram to show the formation of
image in this case.
(iii) Where will the image of this object be, if it is placed 24 cm in front of the mirror? Draw ray
diagram for this situation also to justify your answer.
Show the positions of pole, principal focus and the centre of curvature in the above ray diagrams.

36. Attempt either option A or B.

A. A banana plant is growing with the help of suckers. These suckers are small plant stem
outgrowths which can be separated from the main plant and planted separately and they will grow
into a new plant subsequently.
(i) Give the name and type of reproduction. (1)
(ii) List two advantages the farmer will have on using the type ofreproduction mentioned
above. (2)
(iii) The above plant produces only male flower. Explain how this plant willbe involved in the
process of pollination. (1)
(iv) Why is the offspring of this banana plant not absolutely identical to itsparent plant? (1)
OR
B. The image below shows a developing fetus in the mother's womb. The developing fetus is
connected to the placenta by means of umbilical cord.The Umbilical vein and artery run inside
the umbilical cord.

(i) Name two substance that moves through the blood vessels. (1)
(ii) If the placenta has less villi how will it affect the baby’s growth? (1)
 (iii) Name the region where the embryo develops inside the female body.Explain how this
region is adapted for nourishing the baby. (1)
(iv) Some of the fetal cells fall off into the amniotic fluid and can be collected by careful
procedure. The cells were screened and found to contain XY chromosome. (2)
a) What is the sex of the foetus?
b) How is this prenatal sex determination misused?

Section – E
Question No. 37 to 39 are case-based/data -based questions

37.

The above image is that of a reflecting telescope. Reflecting telescopes revolutionised our ways of
looking into the sky. They employ mirrors to gather and focus light, rather than relying solely on
lenses as in their refracting counterparts. These telescopes utilise precisely shaped and polished
mirrors to capture incoming light and reflect it to a focal point, where it forms an imagefor
observation.
A. What kind of image of the star is seen by the observer at the eyepiece?
B. What kind of mirror is used in this reflecting telescope?
Attempt either subpart C or D.
C. Explain with reason what kind of optical device (type of lens or mirror)that is used at the
eyepiece.
OR
D. What is the role of the plane mirror in the telescope?

38. A pH meter is a scientific instrument that measures the hydrogen-ion activity in water-based
solution waterbased solutions, indicating its acidity or alkalinity. expressed as pH. The pH
meter measures the difference in electrical potential between a pH electrode and a reference
electrode, and so the pH meter is sometimes referred to as a "potentiometric pH meter". The
difference in electrical potential relates to the acidity or pH of the solution. The pH meter is
used in many applications ranging from laboratory experimentation to quality control.
1.Which of the following statement is correct regarding pH Scale? (i) It is the negative
logarithm of H+ ion concentration of a given solution. (ii) It is the positive logarithm of H+ ion
concentration of a given solution. (iii) It is a 14 point scale. (iv) pH is an example of an extrinsic
property. Correct Options are: A. (i) and (iii) B. (ii) and (iii) C. (i), (iii) and (iv) D. Only (ii)
2. What is the neutral value of pH scale?
3. In which of the following field pH scale is important for measurements?
A. Medicine B. Forestry C. Food Science D. All of the above

4. What is the pH value of very strong acid solution?

A. Less than 7 B. Less than 5 C. Less than 10 D. Less than 2
38. Answer question numbers (a) -(d) on the basis of your understanding of the following paragraph
and the related studied concepts :
If you carefully observe a cross-section of a leaf under the microscope shown in Fig. 6.4, you will
notice that some cells contain green dots. These green dots are cell organelles called chloroplasts
which contain chlorophyll.

(a) What is the role of these dots that contain chlorophyll.

(b) What is the main difference you see between upper and lower epidermis ?
(c) What is the role of air spaces ?
(d) Name the layer of cells that contain chloroplasts.

39. Rahul is a skilled painter. He mixed a white coloured powder, compound X with water.
The compound X reacted vigorously with water to produce a compound Y and a large
amount of heat. Then, Rahul used the compound Y for white washing the walls.
Customer was not satisfied with the work of Rahul as walls were not shining. But Rahul
guaranteed him that the walls would shine after 2-3 days and after 3 days of whitewash,
the walls became shiny.

Q 1. Name the compound X, that Rahul mixed with water.

Q 2. Name the compound Y, that Rahul got after mixing X with water.
Q 3. What type of reaction has occurred here?
Q 4. Write the chemical reaction responsible for shiny finish of the walls.