Cambridge IGCSE: 0495/11 Sociology

™
Cambridge IGCSE
SOCIOLOGY 0495/11
Paper 1 October/November 2022
2 hours
You must answer on the enclosed answer booklet.
You will need: Answer booklet (enclosed)

*2337681994*
INSTRUCTIONS
• Answer two questions in total:
Section A: answer Question 1.
Answer either Question 2 in Section B or Question 3 in Section C.
• Follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper,
ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet.
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 80.
• The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
This document has 4 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.
11_0495_11_2022_1.11
© UCLES 2022 [Turn over
2
Section A: Theory and methods
Answer Question 1
1 Source A
Sociology is the study of social change. One change sociologists are interested in is the way people
interact on social media platforms. To research this topic, two researchers sent an online
questionnaire to a random sample of 1000 young people. The researchers accessed their sample
through an online tutoring company. The researchers received 377 responses. The personal details
of the young people in the sample were kept anonymous. The online questionnaire used pre-coded
questions and was highly standardised. The researchers aims were to investigate which social
media platforms were used, how much time was spent online and what interactions took place.
From the quantitative data, the researchers were able to detect patterns and trends in social media
use by young people.
(a) From Source A identify two aims of the research. [2]
(b) Identify two types of sampling that might be used to research social media use, apart from
random sampling. [2]
(c) Using information from Source A, describe two reasons why the researchers’ data might not
be valid. [4]
(d) Describe two strengths of using pilot studies when planning sociological research. [4]
(e) Describe two strengths and two limitations of using case studies in sociological research. [8]
(f) Explain why some sociologists criticise official statistics. [10]
(g) To what extent is objectivity possible in sociological research? [15]
© UCLES 2022 11_0495_11_2022_1.11

3
Answer either Question 2 or Question 3
Section B: Culture, identity and socialisation
2 According to Functionalists, socialisation is important for society. Both primary and secondary
socialisation help individuals to learn the norms and values of society. If people do not learn the
norms and values of society then social order may not exist. However, agents of social control are
also important for maintaining social order, such as the workplace.
(a) What is meant by the term ‘social identity’? [2]
(b) Describe two processes of primary socialisation. [4]
(c) Explain how social order is maintained in modern industrial societies. [6]
(d) Explain why inadequate socialisation might cause problems for society. [8]
(e) To what extent is the workplace the most effective agent of social control? [15]
Section C: Social inequality
3 Many sociologists argue that modern industrial societies are becoming open societies. Evidence
for this includes improved life chances and intragenerational mobility. However, other sociologists
disagree that societies are more open and argue that many social groups still experience
discrimination. Some sociologists claim that the redistribution of wealth makes society more equal.
(a) What is meant by the term ‘intragenerational social mobility’? [2]
(b) Describe two examples of discrimination experienced by the elderly. [4]
(c) Explain how wealth can be redistributed in society. [6]
(d) Explain why a gendered division of labour exists. [8]
(e) To what extent are life chances becoming more equal in modern industrial societies? [15]
© UCLES 2022 11_0495_11_2022_1.11

4
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reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
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To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.
Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.
© UCLES 2022 11_0495_11_2022_1.11

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You must answer on the enclosed answer booklet.

You will need: Answer booklet (enclosed)

This document has 4 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

Section A: Theory and methods

(a) From Source A identify two aims of the research. [2]

(f) Explain why some sociologists criticise official statistics. [10]

(g) To what extent is objectivity possible in sociological research? [15]

© UCLES 2022 11_0495_11_2022_1.11

Answer either Question 2 or Question 3

Section B: Culture, identity and socialisation

(a) What is meant by the term ‘social identity’? [2]

(b) Describe two processes of primary socialisation. [4]

Section C: Social inequality

(a) What is meant by the term ‘intragenerational social mobility’? [2]

(b) Describe two examples of discrimination experienced by the elderly. [4]

(c) Explain how wealth can be redistributed in society. [6]

(d) Explain why a gendered division of labour exists. [8]

© UCLES 2022 11_0495_11_2022_1.11

© UCLES 2022 11_0495_11_2022_1.11

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