KIIT - Journal of Library and Information Management

Vol. 11, No. 1, January-June 2024: 1-10

DOI : 10.5958/2455-8060.2024.00001.5

Mapping of Collaborations and Publications Pattern in Anthropology

Research: A Scientometric Study of South Asian Countries
During 2003 to 2022
Lambodara Parabhoi1*
Manoj Kumar Verma2**

Submitted: 08-12-2023; Revised: 12-01-2024; Accepted: 09-02-2024

ABSTRACT

Anthropology is a discipline that deals with the study of human life and culture. The aim of the study
is to identify the research performance of anthropology research of 5 selected South Asian studies
published between 2003 and 2022. The study uses various scientometrics indicators to analyse the 5371
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publications related to anthropology. The study finds that out of 5371 publications, articles (63.4%) and
book chapters (19.96%) were predominant. India contributed the highest number of publications (4332).
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University of Delhi (408) and Jawaharlal Nehru University (308) were the leading contributors among
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the individual organisations. Nepal was the leading country in terms of international collaboration
followed by Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, however low percentages in international collaboration were
found from India and Pakistan. The journal ‘Economic and Political Weekly’ was the preferred source
of published authors.

Keywords: Anthropology, Bibliometric, Research, South Asian countries, Scientometric study,

Collaborations and publications pattern

INTRODUCTION (Grolier Incorporated, 1993). Generations ago,

anthropology was scarcely known outside of academic
Anthropology is science devoted to the study of man, circles and it was a tiny university subject taught in a
the study of differences and similarities of all aspects few dozen countries, seen by outsiders as esoteric and
of the life of man without limitation in time and space by insiders as a kind of sacred knowledge guarded by
(Garfield, 1984). Traditionally, anthropologist a community of devoted initiates (Boas, 2021). But
investigates human social life and culture and currently, now it is one of the specific subjects in the field of
it focuses on studying the physical and mental aspects social science. In the recent past, large number of
of human life across different societies, spanning from scholarly publications have been published in the field
ancient times to the present encompassing various parts of anthropology in various academic journals,
of the world (Boas, 1904, 2021; Kuklick, 2014). conference papers, books, etc. Similarly, the growth of
According to Grolier Encyclopaedia ‘Anthropology is scholarly communication has been dramatically changed
the study of human differences, cultural and biological, in the field of science and technology and even if in
against a background of the natural of all human share’ humanities and social science. Several platforms have

1
Research Scholar, 2Professor, Department of Library and Information Science, Mizoram University, Aizawl-796004, Mizoram, India
(*Corresponding author) e-mail id: *suresh19871987@gmail.com, **manojdlis@mzu.edu.in

Indianjournals.com 1
 Lambodara Parabhoi and Manoj Kumar Verma

been used by authors to communicate scholarly literature Chi (2012) reviewed the German political science
worldwide. In order to know the current status of literature focusing on journal articles published from
existing literature on the given subject, the bibliometric 2003 to 2007. The research found a total of 1,018
technique has been used to evaluate published literature publications. Notably, 57% were in German and 40%
(Heshmati et al., 2020; Jabeen et al., 2015, 2017; in English, with book chapters representing 39% and
Mohammadi & Thelwall, 2014; Thelwall, 2007, 2009; journal articles 22% of the publications. Furthermore,
Youngblood & Lahti, 2018). Therefore, this study aims the study found that authors cited a total of 2,593
is to identify the current trends of publications in the references, out of which 1,215 non-ISI indexed and
field of Anthropology an established discipline in the 1,378 ISI indexed publications. In a similar vein, Sangam
field of social science by using bibliometric indicators. &Mogali (2013) conducted a study on research
collaboration in Social Sciences in India and found that
REVIEW OF LITERATURE the degree of collaboration and Collaboration Index in
Social Sciences has witnessed an increasing trend.
There has been large number of bibliometric studies
conducted worldwide using various bibliometric Ma et al. (2014) extracted data between 1998 and 2011
indicators on Humanities, Social Sciences, and Science from the Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index
and Technology (Barrot, 2023; Bhui & Sahu, 2018; (CSSCI) and revealed that the Collaboration network
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Garfield, 1984; Glänzel, 1996; Gülgöz et al., 2002; Gupta was lower in the case of Humanities than Social
Sciences.
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et al., 2009, 2013; Gupta et al., 2014; Khir et al., 2023;

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Missen et al., 2020; Parabhoi et al., 2020, 2022; Parabhoi Haddow et al. (2017) studied the collaboration and
& Ghosh, 2019; Parabhoi & Verma, 2020; Sangam, publications pattern in Arts, Humanities and Social
2001; Senthilkumaran & Amudhavalli, 2007; Swar & Sciences published literature by Australian researchers
Khan, 2014; Tripathi et al., 2018; Wong & Goh, 2012). between 2004 and 2013 using the Web of Science
Sangam (2001) conducted a scientometric study on database and found that strong international collaboration
research collaboration in Psychology in India between was found with English-speaking countries like England,
1974 and 1998 using Psyclit CD-ROM and reported and the USA and New Zealand, etc. Very recently an
that a high degree of collaboration is found in Psychology in-depth bibliometric study by Becerra & Ratovicius
in India. Larivière et al. (2006) compared the research (2022) on literature in the field of social science,
collaboration between natural science and humanities psychology, and the humanities concentrating on big
and social sciences of Canadian researchers using CD- data revealed parallels and distinctions in publication
ROM versions of the Science Citation Index, Arts & pattern, framing, and reference practices across the
Humanities Citation Index, and Social Sciences Citation discipline In the recent study made by McManus and
Index from 1980 to 2002 and reported that joint Baeta Neves (2022) on social science and humanities
publications had been increasing in Humanities, Social (SSH) and Letters, Literature and Arts (LLA) based on
Sciences, and Natural Sciences. Marshakova-Shaikevich Brazilian data revealed some interesting facts. A study
(2006) explored the collaborative patterns in Social conducted by Khir et al. (2023) reported that 2768
Sciences among 10 European countries by examining documents were published by ASEAN Library and
1060 papers from 380 scholarly journals, utilising the Information Science from 2018 to 2022. And found
Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) and found a that countries like Malaysia and Singapore have
noteworthy trend of collaborative publications among positioned themselves as leading contributors.
the 10 new EU member states, involving partnerships RESEARCH GAP
with 45 countries. Moreover, the study found that the
primary collaborators were the USA, followed by The research involved a thorough examination of
significant contributions from the UK and Japan. extensive literature in different scientometrics domains

2 Vol. 11, No. 1, January-June 2024

 Mapping of Collaborations and Publications Pattern in Anthropology Research

pertaining to the Humanities and Social Sciences, as (Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka). To
well as Science and Technology, focusing on specific analyse the publications and citations, we used the R
subjects, timeframes, and countries. However, no such (Aria and Cuccurullo, 2017) package The parameters
paper published in the area of Anthropology research are confined to all types of publications and only English
published by South Asian countries. Consequently, the language documents. The gathered data was tabulated,
current study endeavours to bridge this research void. analysed and interpreted in the succeeding sections:

OBJECTIVES ANALYSIS

 To ascertain the research trends and growth of Table 1 summarises the anthropology literature published
literature in the field of Anthropology from 2003 to from selected top 5 South Asian countries.
2022; Approximately 22.83% of the documents involve
international co-authorships demonstrating the global
 To find out the core journals in the field of
nature of research collaboration in anthropology across
Anthropology through this bibliometric study;
these countries. The data shows the extent of
 To comprehend the collaborative trends of collaboration, growth, and impact of anthropology
Anthropology research of five identified South Asian research over the years, as well as the diversity of
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countries; sources and topics covered in the dataset. A total of

 To identify the prolific writer of individual 727 authors have authored single-authored documents,
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indicating that a significant number of documents are

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organisations; and
authored by a single researcher. On average, there are
 To find out the country-wise distribution of papers 2.25 co-authors per document, indicating that many
and affiliation-wise distribution of papers. documents are the result of collaborative research
METHODOLOGY
Table 1: Summary of anthropology publications published
In order to collect anthropology-related publications between 2023 and 2022
published by South Asian countries, the Scopus database Main information about the data
was accessed on 27 November 2023 published between Timespan 2003:2022
2003 and 2022. The study collected the anthropology Sources (Journals, Books, etc.) 2004
publications using Scopus All Science Journal Documents 5371
Classification Codes (ASJC). This meticulous Annual Growth Rate % 13.48
categorisation ensures the retrieval of exceptionally Document Average Age 6.57
relevant results while effectively minimising the inclusion Average citations per doc 7.36
of irrelevant ones and further filtering applied to excluded References 263491
non-Social Sciences publications (Barrot, 2017; Khir et Document contents
al., 2023; Lee, 2023). The search result is limited to 8 Keywords Plus (ID) 3074
South Asian Countries. Initially, a total 5420 number of Author’s keywords (DE) 10104
publications were found from anthropology-related Authors
literature published by 8 South Asian countries
Authors 7374
(Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Pakistan,
Authors of single-authored docs 1727
Maldives, Nepal and Sri Lanka). Later, the study only
Authors collaboration
selected the top 5 countries’ publications and limited
Single-authored docs 2824
literature published between 2003 and 2022 was included
Co-authors per doc 2.25
for analysis. A total of 5371 documents were published
International co-authorships % 22.83
by the top five selected South Asian countries

KIIT - Journal of Library and Information Management 3

 Lambodara Parabhoi and Manoj Kumar Verma

efforts. On average, each document in the dataset The overall growth of these countries was not stable,
receives approximately 7.36 citations, reflecting the with fluctuations from year to year. The result shows
impact and visibility of the research. The annual growth that India consistently contributed the uppermost number
rate of anthropology publications was 13.48%, which of publications each year and contributed significantly
shows stable growth of literature during 2003–2022. to the total research out of anthropology research
(4332). The other countries, including Nepal, Pakistan,
Type of Documents Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, also showed varying degrees
of growth in research publications in the field of
Table 2 provides a clear idea of the types of
anthropology. Overall, the publication data reveals a
anthropology publications from 2003 to 2022, including
growing trend in anthropology research, with India
the number of documents (No of Doc) and the
playing a vital role in contributing to this growth. It’s
percentage (%) of each document type. The majority
important to note that contributing anthropology
of anthropology publications are articles, followed by
research were variations in publication numbers from
book chapters and reviews. Other document types,
year to year in this country.
such as books, editorials, and notes, contribute to the
diversity of anthropology literature, but each represents Top Ten Sources of Publications
a smaller percentage of the total. The presence of errata,
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letters, and retractions indicates the ongoing process of Table 4 shows the number of documents and the
quality control and correction within the field. number of citations received by each of the top sources
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of journals in the field of Anthropology of selected

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Table 2: Type of documents South Asian countries. In this comparison, ‘Social

Document types No. of doc Percentage Science and Medicine’ received the utmost number of
Article 3405 63.4 citations and making it the top-ranked journal in
Book 438 8.15 comparison to citations however the journal ‘Economic
Book chapter 1072 19.96 and Political Weekly’ received the highest number of
Conference paper 26 0.48 papers published by authors from South Asian countries
Editorial 77 1.43 and it secured the second position in terms of citations.
Erratum 6 0.11 ‘Contributions to Indian Sociology’ holds the third-
Letter 2 0.04 highest citation count, followed by ‘Anthropologist’.
Note 50 0.93
The remaining journals have lower numbers of both
Retracted 1 0.02
papers and citations, with ‘Eastern Anthropologist’
having the lowest number of citations among them.
Review 293 5.46
Short survey 1 0.02 Top Cited Country
Grand Total 5371
Table 5 provides data on the top 10 cited countries and
the average number of citations per paper (ACPP) related
Growth of Publications
to anthropology. These statistics indicate variations in
Table 3 provides data on the year-wise growth of research impact across different countries. While some
anthropology research publications from South Asian countries have a high total number of citations however
countries (Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri others have a higher average article citation. India has
Lanka) from 2003 to 2022. In the initial year 2003, a a substantial number of total citations, but the ACPP is
total of 68 documents were published in these countries. relatively low. India has received many citations overall
The number of publications increased over the years, however, the average articles from India receive fewer
reaching a peak in 2022 with a total of 752 publications. citations compared to other countries. The USA has a

4 Vol. 11, No. 1, January-June 2024

 Mapping of Collaborations and Publications Pattern in Anthropology Research

Table 3: Year-wise growth

Year Bangladesh India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka Grand Total
2003 2 63 2 1 68
2004 8 42 1 2 53
2005 4 63 1 3 2 73
2006 6 69 1 1 4 81
2007 6 49 3 3 2 63
2008 8 95 3 3 6 115
2009 5 127 2 6 8 148
2010 11 114 4 5 2 136
2011 19 153 5 16 4 197
2012 16 23 5 6 3 233
2013 9 198 8 13 7 235
2014 18 21 5 19 9 252
2015 16 214 7 18 12 267
2016 19 287 13 21 8 348
2017 15 315 11 22 16 379
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2018 14 31 13 29 1 376
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2019 27 386 21 36 12 482

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2020 36 359 18 56 9 478

2021 44 492 22 64 13 635
2022 68 592 17 6 15 752
Grand Total 351 4332 161 382 145 5371

Table 4: Top ten sources of publications Table 5: Top cited country

Sources No. of No. Country TC Average article citations
documents citation per paper (ACPP)
Economic and Political Weekly 267 1532 India 9275 4.63
Oriental Anthropologist 142 63 USA 5137 34.25
Man in India 119 60 United Kingdom 2510 17.07
Eastern Anthropologist 112 40 Pakistan 1207 6.90
Anthropologist 92 273 Bangladesh 1119 8.23
Social Science and Medicine 67 2651 Canada 784 28.00
Contributions to Indian Sociology 62 412 Australia 549 12.48
Sociological Bulletin 61 102 Poland 516 57.33
Anthropological Review 50 191 Netherlands 353 16.81
Collegium Antropologicum 48 355 Sri Lanka 344 6.37

significantly lower total number of citations compared Contribution of Leading Organisations

to India, but the average article from the USA receives
a much higher citation than other countries it was Table 6 provides information about the top contributors
followed by Poland in terms of ACPP. The United by individual organisations in the field of Anthropology
Kingdom has a moderate total number of citations, and literatures published by selected South Asian countries.
the average article citation is also respectable, indicating Among the top fifteen organisations, the top five
a balanced impact of articles. organisations were from India. Where the highest number

KIIT - Journal of Library and Information Management 5

 Lambodara Parabhoi and Manoj Kumar Verma

Table 6: Top contributed organisations This suggests that research papers from India, on
Organisation No of doc average, receive more citations compared to the other
University of Delhi 408 countries in the list. Nepal has a lower number of
Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) 308 papers, and the ACPP is 9.4, which is similar to
University of Hyderabad 136 Bangladesh. This indicates that research papers from
Tata Institute of Social Sciences 135 Nepal, on average, receive a comparable number of
Delhi School of Economics 82 citations per paper. Pakistan has a moderate number of
University of Calcutta 81 papers, and the ACPP is 11.8, suggesting that research
Panjab University, India 80 papers from Pakistan receive a relatively higher number
University of Dhaka 79 of citations per paper compared to some other countries
O.P. Jindal Global University 78 in the list. Sri Lanka has a lower number of papers,
Vidyasagar University 67 and the ACPP is 8.7, indicating that research papers
North-Eastern Hill University 61 from Sri Lanka receive fewer citations on average
Lahore University of Management Sciences, 51 compared to India and Pakistan. India stands out with
Pakistan a significantly higher number of papers and a relatively
Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 51 high ACPP, indicating a strong impact on its research
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Tribhuvan University, Nepal 45 output. Pakistan also has a relatively high ACPP,
Jamia Millia Islamia 43 suggesting a substantial impact on individual papers.
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Other countries in the list have lower numbers of papers

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of publications were contributed by University of Delhi and moderate ACPP values, indicating a more modest
(408) followed by Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) research impact.
(308) and University of Hyderabad (136). It was also
observed that University of Dhaka, Bangladesh (79), Source Impact
Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
(51) and Tribhuvan University (45), Nepal contributed Table 8 provides data for various academic journals
few publications and ranked in the top 15 leading and indicators (h-index, g-index, m-index, total citations
contributors by individual country. (TC), the number of papers (NP) and Year). The journal
‘Social Science and Medicine’ has a high h-index (29)
Contribution of Citations Based on Individual and g-index (50), which indicates a significant impact
Country Performance and it was also found that high m-index relative to
other journals cited in the table. It has also the highest
Table 7 reveals that Bangladesh has a moderate number
number of total citations among the listed journals.
of papers, and the ACPP is 9.4, indicating that, on
Economic and Political Weekly journals ranked in second
average, each paper from Bangladesh receives around
position in terms of high h-index (17) and g-index
9.4 citations. India has a significantly higher number of
(29).
papers, and the ACPP is 14.9, which is relatively high.
Collaboration and Publications Pattern
Table 7: Contribution of citations by individual country
Country No. of No. of Av no of Citation Table 9 shows that collaboration is common in research
Paper Citation per paper (ACPP)
practice in anthropological research across these selected
Bangladesh 351 3744 9.4
South Asian countries, with varying degrees of research
India 4332 29170 14.9
collaboration and authorship patterns. The international
Nepal 161 1709 9.4
co-authorship percentages highlight the global nature
Pakistan 382 3250 11.8
of anthropological research, with Nepal standing out as
Sri Lanka 145 1658 8.7
particularly internationally connected. While collaboration

6 Vol. 11, No. 1, January-June 2024

 Mapping of Collaborations and Publications Pattern in Anthropology Research

Table 8: Source impact of top journals on anthropology research

Source h-index g-index m-index TC NP PY_start
Social Science and Medicine 29 50 1.381 2651 67 2003
Economic and Political Weekly 17 29 1.063 1532 200 2008
Journal of Archaeological Science 13 16 0.619 483 16 2003
World Development 13 19 0.684 698 19 2005
Current Anthropology 12 17 0.571 556 17 2003
Development and Change 12 19 0.571 395 23 2003
Indian Journal of Gender Studies 12 16 0.571 295 29 2003
Collegium Antropologicum 11 15 0.524 355 42 2003
Contributions to Indian Sociology 10 16 0.476 412 52 2003
Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology 10 14 0.476 236 24 2003

Table 9: Collaboration and authorship patterns

Main information about the data India Bangladesh Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka
Documents 4332 351 161 382 145
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Authors 5516 779 452 992 335

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Authors of single-authored docs 1422 102 56 107 51

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Single-authored docs 2388 152 63 153 68

Co-Authors per Doc 2.04 3.03 3.45 3.23 2.7
International co-authorships % 18.42 43.3 55.9 32.72 45.52

is prevalent, countries like India and Sri Lanka also significant degree of collaboration. Nepal found the
have a notable number of single-authored documents, highest percentage of international co-authorships
indicating individual scholarly contributions. India: (55.9%) indicating strong global research collaboration.
Leading with the highest number of documents (4332), However, India and Pakistan have lower percentages,
it indicates a significant volume of anthropological suggesting a relatively lower level of international
research. Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka: collaboration, but still significant.
These countries have fewer documents, suggesting
potentially smaller research outputs in anthropology. International Collaborations
India again, leading with the highest number of authors
Table 10 shows the rankings of countries in terms of
(5516), which indicates a diverse and extensive research
anthropology research documents for Pakistan, Sri
community. While they have fewer authors, the numbers
Lanka, Bangladesh, India, and Nepal, focusing on
are still substantial, reflecting active engagement in
international collaborations. The United States was the
anthropological research in Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan
major collaborator, ranking 1st for both Pakistan and
and Sri Lanka. India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka preferred
India, indicating a strong presence in international
to publish research individual level. While Bangladesh
collaborations across South Asia. The United Kingdom
and Nepal found fewer single-authored documents,
which indicated a higher tendency for collaborative is another prominent collaborator, topping the rankings
work. Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan found a higher for Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, suggesting significant
average number of co-authors per document, suggesting engagement in anthropology research with these
a collaborative research culture. India and Sri Lanka countries. Australia is the leading collaborator for Nepal,
with a relatively lower average, but still indicate a emphasising its role in fostering international partnerships

KIIT - Journal of Library and Information Management 7

 Lambodara Parabhoi and Manoj Kumar Verma

in anthropology research. The USA and UK were the

Docum-
ents
37 top collaborators for multiple countries, which indicates
32
17
9
8
7
5
5
5
4
United Kingdom a broad influence and potential for shared research
endeavours. Other countries like China, Canada,
United States

Germany, Malaysia, Austria, Saudi Arabia, New Zealand,

Netherlands
Switzerland
Germany
Australia

India, Netherlands and Norway also feature in the top

Norway
Canada
Nepal

Japan
India
rankings for different countries, highlighting the global
nature of anthropology collaborations. The data indicates
a dynamic landscape of international collaborations,
Docum-
ents
307
261
76
65
64
63
59
37
34
24
involving both global powerhouses and regional partners.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

United Kingdom
United States

South Africa
Netherlands

Switzerland

The study, in a nutshell, provides precise information

Germany
Australia

Canada

about the publication patterns and trends of research in

France
India

Japan

the field of Anthropology from 2003 to 2022 from

selected South Asian Countries. The overall growth of
Docum-
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these countries was not stable and overtime period the

ents
44
40
34
16
11
8
8
7
5
4

publications and citations growth fluctuated. However,

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Indian contributions to anthropology research were

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Brunei Darussalam

remarkable as compared to other South Asian countries.

United Kingdom

India contributed the highest number of publications

United States
Bangladesh

South Africa
Netherlands

and received the highest number of citations, the possible

Malaysia
Australia

Canada

reason is that India is a big country and the largest

Japan
India

education hub in South Asia. University of Delhi (408)

and Jawaharlal Nehru University (308) were the leading
Docum-
Table 10: International collaborations in south Asian countries

ents

contributors among individual organisations. Both

22
13
10
10
10
8
4
3
3
3

universities are from India and there are reputed

institutes from India in the field of humanities and social
United Kingdom
United States

New Zealand

science (Gupta et al., 2009, 2013; Gupta et al., 2014).

Netherlands
Sri Lanka

The journal ‘Economic and Political Weekly’ was

Australia

Norway
Canada

Nepal
China

preferred source of published author from South Asia

India

to publish their publications, since the journal is published

from India and the majority of publications were from
Docum-
ents
34
32
20
15
11
10

India and secondly, it covers wide range of Social

8
8
8
7

Science Subjects and reputed journal in the field of

United Kingdom

social science (Parabhoi et al., 2022). The result showed

United States

Saudi Arabia

that India contributed the largest number of documents

Collaboration Pakistan

Germany
Malaysia
Australia

(4332), demonstrating a significant amount of

Austria
Canada
China

India

anthropological research. While, Bangladesh, Nepal,

Pakistan, and Sri Lanka contain less documents,
implying potentially lower anthropological research
outputs. India led once again with the most authors
Rank

(5516), showing a broad and extensive research

10

community. Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

8 Vol. 11, No. 1, January-June 2024

 Mapping of Collaborations and Publications Pattern in Anthropology Research

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Parabhoi L, Verma MK and Sinha MK 2022. Evaluation of Mapping of Collaborations and Publications Pattern in
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