Key Unit 5

UNIT 5: RECRUITMENT
READING 1:
Comprehension:
H, C, B, A, G, D, E, F, I
Activity 1:
Activity 2:
Discussion
Advantages of internal recruitment

» It is quicker and cheaper than external recruitment, which may involve
expensive advertising.
» The person is already known to the business and their reliability, ability and
potential are known.
» The person also knows how the organisation works, its structure and what is
expected from its employees.
» It can be very motivating for employees to see their fellow workers being
promoted – it makes them work harder if they consider that promotion is
possible for them too.
Disadvantages of internal recruitment
» No new ideas or experience come into the business. Other companies may have
different ways of working and these ways may be better in some respects,
including making the business more efficient. Internal recruitment does not
allow for these working practices to be brought into the business and this is a
major limitation when the industry is changing rapidly.
» There may be rivalry among existing employees and jealousy towards the
worker who gains promotion.
» The quality of internal candidates might be low.
Activity 3:
1. leading 2. vacancy 3. post 4. applicant 5. qualified 6. experience 7. team 8. drive 9. motivate 10. colleagues 11. attractive 12.
rewards 13. package 14. basic 15. salary 16. annum (per annum = in a year) 17. commission 18. increment 19. benefits (also called
perks) 20. CV* (= curriculum vitae. Plural = curriculums vitae. A CV is known as a résumé in American English) 21. covering
Activity 4:
Advertising job vacancies can be done in several ways:

» Local newspapers – These are often used for advertising vacancies for jobs which
do not require high skill levels, such as clerical (office) or manual (factory)
positions. It is likely that many people locally could fill these vacancies.
Key info » National newspapers – These are usually used for senior positions where there
may be few, if any, local people who have the right experience, skills and
An increasing proportion of qualifications to do the job. National newspapers are read by many people who
leading global companies live in different parts of the country and by people who live in other countries
are recruiting new Chief
Executive Officers (CEOs)
who can access the newspapers online. With senior positions, which are highly
externally. The trend is paid, people will be willing to move to another part of the country.
greatest among those » Specialist magazines – These will usually be used for specialist technical
businesses that face rapid employees such as scientists. These people will read the specialist magazines
and significant changes. and see the advertisements.
» Online recruitment sites, such as LinkedIn – These offer the ability to create online
38 per cent of new CEOs in job adverts for vacant positions in a business. These can be searched by job
telecommunications and seekers through their networks. For example, the LinkedIn network has millions
energy businesses were of members worldwide. Vacancies can be recommended to potential candidates
recruited externally.
through the ‘Jobs You May Be Interested In’ feature.
» Recruitment agencies – These are specialists in recruiting employees. They
will advertise, usually by means of their website, and interview people for
Be prepared to analyse why many types of jobs. They hold details of qualified people looking for another
a business might recruit a
job and, when a suitable vacancy arises, they will put forward candidates to
senior manager externally
rather than from internal be interviewed for the job. Agencies are also approached by companies who
need to employ a particular type of skilled worker. The agency will suggest
applicants they think will be suitable. The use of recruitment agencies has
increased in recent years. Some businesses ‘outsource’ the recruitment
process to agencies to reduce the need for the employment of their own
recruitment team. Agencies also have a wide range of candidates on their
registers. However, the services of an agency are expensive – they charge a
fee for recruiting an applicant which is based on a percentage of the salary
for the vacancy, if the person is successfully appointed to the job.
» Centres run by the government (Job Centres) – These are places where job
vacancies can be advertised. Details of vacancies are given to interested
people. The vacancies are usually for unskilled and semi-skilled jobs.
READING 2:
Activity 1:
The advantages of induction training are that it:
» helps new employees to settle into their job quickly
» may be a legal requirement to give health and safety training at the start of a job
» means workers are less likely to make mistakes.
The disadvantages of induction training are that it:
» is time-consuming
» means wages are paid but no work is being done by the worker
» delays the start of the employee commencing their job.
The advantages of on-the-job training are that:
» individual tuition is given and it is in the workplace so the employee does not
need to be sent away (travel costs are expensive)
» it ensures there is some production from the worker while they are training
» it usually costs less than off-the-job training
» it is training tailored to the specific needs of the business.
The disadvantages of on-the-job training are that:
» the trainer will not be as productive as usual because they are showing the
trainee what to do instead of getting on with their job
» the trainer may have bad habits and they may pass these on to the trainee
» it may not lead to training qualifications recognised outside the business.
The advantages of off-the-job training are that:
» a broad range of skills can be taught using these techniques
» if these courses are taught in the evening after work, they are cheaper for the
business because the employee will still carry out their normal duties during
the day
» the business will only need to pay for the course and it will not also lose the
output of the employee
» employees may be taught a variety of skills, becoming multi-skilled, and this
makes them more versatile – they can be moved around the company when the
need arises
» it often uses expert trainers who have up-to-date knowledge of business practices.
The disadvantages of off-the-job training are that:
» costs are high
» it means wages are paid but no work is being done by the worker
» the additional qualifications mean it is easier for the employee to leave and
find another job.
Vocabulary
Exercise 1.
Part 1: 1. vacancy 2. internally (an internal appointment) 3. externally 4. appointments / situations vacant
(informally called the jobs pages or jobs section) 5. situations vacant / appointments 6. journals 7. recruitment
agency 8. institutional agency 9. job centres 10. private recruitment agency 11. description 12. applicants (from
the verb to apply) 13. qualifications 14. experience 15. personal qualities 16. rewards (sometimes called
remuneration) 17. increments 18. benefits 19. leave (or holiday) 20. discrimination 21. equal opportunities 22.
affirmative recruitment 23. Disabilities
Part 2: 1. CV (= curriculum vitae) 2. covering 3. introduction 4. application 5. pre-selection 6. turn down 7. short-
list 8. candidates 9. one-to-one 10. board 11. psychometric 12. aptitude (compare this with an ability test, which
only tests the candidates current skills and knowledge) 13. group-situational 14. in-basket 15. medical
(sometimes just called a medical)
Part 3: 1. seven-point plan 2. potential 3. appearance 4. intelligence 5. skills 6. interests 7. disposition 8.

circumstances 9. references 10. offered 11. induction programme 12. temporary 13. probationary 14. open-
ended / fixed-term 15. fixedterm / open-ended 16. follow-up
Exercise 2.
1.a; 2.c; 3.a; 4.a; 5.c; 6.a; 7.b; 8.b; 9. b; 10. A; 11.c; 12.b; 13.b

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UNIT 5: RECRUITMENT

Advantages of internal recruitment

Advertising job vacancies can be done in several ways:

Part 3: 1. seven-point plan 2. potential 3. appearance 4. intelligence 5. skills 6. interests 7. disposition 8.

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