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A Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN) is a wide area network that

uses software-defined networking technology, such as communicating over the
Internet using overlay tunnels which are encrypted when destined for internal
organization locations.[1]
If standard tunnel setup and configuration messages are supported by all of the
network hardware vendors, SD-WAN simplifies the management and operation of a
WAN by decoupling the networking hardware from its control mechanism. This
concept is similar to how software-defined networking
implements virtualization technology to improve data center management and
operation.[1] In practice, proprietary protocols are used to set up and manage an SD-
WAN, meaning there is no decoupling of the hardware and its control mechanism.
A key application of SD-WAN is to allow companies to build higher-performance

WANs using lower-cost and commercially available Internet access, enabling
businesses to partially or wholly replace more expensive private WAN connection
technologies such as MPLS.[1]
When SD-WAN traffic is carried over the Internet, there are no end-to-end
performance guarantees. Carrier MPLS VPN WAN services are not carried as
Internet traffic, but rather over carefully-controlled carrier capacity, and do come with
an end-to-end performance guarantee.[citation needed]
History
[edit]
WANs were very important for the development of networking in general and for a
long time one of the most important applications of networks both for military and
enterprise applications.[2] The ability to communicate data over long distances was
one of the main driving factors for the development of data communications, as it
made it possible to overcome the distance limitations, as well as shortening the time
necessary to exchange messages with other parties.
Legacy WANs allowed communication over circuits connecting two or more

endpoints. Earlier networking supported point-to-point communication over a slow
speed circuit, usually between two fixed locations. As networking progressed, WAN
circuits became faster and more flexible. Innovations like circuit and packet switching
(in the form of X.25, ATM and later Internet Protocol or Multiprotocol Label
Switching) allowed communication to become more dynamic, supporting ever-
growing networks.[3]
The need for strict control, security and quality of service (QOS) meant that
multinational corporations were very conservative in leasing and operating their
WANs. National regulations restricted the companies that could provide local service
in each country, and complex arrangements were necessary to establish truly global
networks. All that changed with the growth of the Internet, which permitted entities
around the world to connect to each other. However, over the first years, the
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uncontrolled nature of the Internet was not considered adequate or safe for private
corporate use.
Independent of safety concerns, connectivity to the Internet became a necessity to

the point where every branch required Internet access. At first, due to safety
concerns, private communications were still done via WAN, and communication with
other entities (including customers and partners) moved to the Internet.
As the Internet grew in reach and maturity, companies started to evaluate how to
leverage it for private corporate communications. During the early 2000s, application
delivery over the WAN became an important topic of research and commercial
innovation.[4] Over the next decade, increasing computing power made it possible to
create software-based appliances that were able to analyze traffic and make
informed decisions without delays, making it possible to create large-scale overlay
networks over the public Internet that could replicate all the functionality of legacy
WANs, at a fraction of the cost.
SD-WAN combines several networking aspects to create full-fledged private

networks, with the ability to dynamically share network bandwidth across the
connection points.[1] Additional enhancements include central controllers, zero-touch
provisioning, integrated analytics and on-demand circuit provisioning, with some
network intelligence based in the cloud, allowing centralized policy management and
security.[5]
Networking publications started using the term SD-WAN to describe this new
networking trend as early as 2014.[6] With the rapid shift to remote work as a result of
lockdowns and stay at home orders during the COVID-19 pandemic, SD-WAN grew
in popularity as a way of connecting remote workers.[
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Hello

A Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN) is a wide area network that

A key application of SD-WAN is to allow companies to build higher-performance

Legacy WANs allowed communication over circuits connecting two or more

Independent of safety concerns, connectivity to the Internet became a necessity to

SD-WAN combines several networking aspects to create full-fledged private

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