YCT Chemical Bonding NEET JEE Practice Questions.

04.
Chemical Bonding and

Molecular Structure
Ans. (b) List-I List-II
1. Hybridization [PtCl4]2– dsp2
BrF5 sp3d2
1. Among the following which are mismatched; PCl5 sp3d
3+
Molecule hybridization [Co(NH3)6] d2sp3
(A) ClO 2 –
sp3 3. Which one of the following reactions involves
change from sp2 to sp3 hybridisation of the
(B) NH3 sp2 central atom?
(C) SF6 sp3d2 (a) CH4 + 2Cl2 → CH2Cl2 + 2HCl
(D) SF4 sp3d
(b) NH3 + H+ → NH +4
(E) XeF4 sp
(a) (A) and (C) (b) (B) and (E) (c) AlCl3 + Cl– → AlCl −4
(c) (C) and (E) (d) (A) and (D) (d) H2O + H+ → H3O+
CG PET-22.05.2022 (e) PCl3 + Cl2 → PCl5
Ans. (b) : The structure of given molecule are- Kerala CEE -03.07.2022
Ans. (c) :
(i) CH4 +2Cl2 → CH2Cl2 + 2HCl
sp3 sp3
(ii) NH3 + H+ → NH +4
sp3 sp3
(iii) AlCl3 + Cl → AlCl4–
–
sp2 sp3
(iv) H 2O + H → H 3O +
+
sp3 sp3
(v) PCl3 + Cl2 → PCl5
sp3 sp3d
4. Given below are two statements:
2−
Statement I :  Ni (CN )4  is square planar and
diamagnetic complex, with dsp2 hybridization for
Ni but  Ni (CO)4  is tetrahedral, paramagnetic and
with sp3-hybridization for Ni.
2−
Statement II : [ NiCl4 ] and  Ni (CO)4  both
have same d-electron configuration, have same
geometry and are paramagnetic.
2. Match List-I with List-II
In light of the above statements, chose the correct
List-I List-II answer from the options given below:
2– 3
(A) [PtCl 4 ] (i) sp d (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are true
(B) BrF5 (ii) d2sp3 (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are false
(C) PCl5 (iii) dsp2 (c) Statement I is correct but Statement II is false
3+ 3 2 (d) Statement I is correct but Statement II is true
(D) [Co(NH3)6] (iv) sp d
JEE Main-28.06.2022, Shift-I
Choose the most appropriate answer from the
Ans. (b) : In [Ni(CN)4]2–
options given below: Ni+2 = [Ar] 3d8 4s0 = dsp2 (Square planar) and
(a) (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(III) diamagnetic
(b) (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II) For [Ni(CO)4)
(c) (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II) Ni = [Ar] 3d8 4s2 ⇒ sp3 (Tetrahedral) and diamagnetic.
(d) (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III) For [NiCl4]2–
JEE Main-24.06.2022, Shift-I Ni+2=[Ar] 3d8 4s0 ⇒sp3 (Tetrahedral) and paramagnetic
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 302 YCT
5. The types of hybrid orbitals of nitrogen 8. Which one of the following pairs is
in NO +2 , NO3− and NH +4 respectively are isostructural (i.e., having the same shape and
3
(a) sp, sp , sp 2 2
(b) sp, sp , sp 3 hybridization)?
2 3 2 3 (a) [BCl3 and BrCl3] (b) [NH3 and NO3–]
(c) sp , sp, sp (d) sp , sp , sp
(c) [NF3 and BF3] (d) [BF–4 and NH+4]
(JEE Main 2021, 20 July Shift-II)
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 17.09.2020, Shift-II BITSAT-2014, NEET-2012
− +
NEET-II 2016, Assam CEE-2014 Ans. (d) : The structure of BF4 and NH 4 is-
AMU-2015, 2008
⊕
Ans. (b) : NO 2+ ⇒ O = N → O
sp
1
H = (V + M − C + A)
2
1
H = ( 5 + 0 + 1 + 0 ) = 2 ( sp ) The species BF4− and NH +4 have same-same i.e
2
Where, H = number of hybrid orbitals tetrahedral and hybridization is Sp3
V = number of valence electrons 9. Which of the following has sp2-hybridisation?
M = number of monovalent atoms/groups (a) C2H6 (b) C2H4
C = number of cationic or positive charge (c) BeCl2 (d) C2H2
A = number of anionic or negative charge JIPMER-2012
NEET-1996
Ans. (b) : in C2H6 both carbon has sp3 hybridisation. In
C2H4 both carbon has sp2 hybridisation
1
H = (5 + 0 − 0 + 1) = 3(sp 2 )
2
In BeCl2, beryllium has sp hybridisation.
Cl − Be − Cl
sp
In C2H2 each carbon has sp hybridisation.
H−C ≡ C−H
1 sp sp
H = (5 + 4 − 1 + 0) = 4(sp3 )
2 10. The ‘d’ orbital involved in the hybridisation in
6. The hybridization involved in PCl5 is the PCl5 molecule is
(a) sp3d (b) sp3d2 (a) 3d x 2 − y2 (b) 3d z 2
2 2
(c) d sp (d) sp3
J & K CET-(2011) (c) 3dxy (d) 4d x 2 − y2
UPTU/UPSEE-2011 J & K CET-(2009, 2005)
WB-JEE-2010 Ans. (b) : The hybridisation of PCl5 molecule is sp3d
Ans. (a) : The structure of PCl5 is the hybridisation number should be 5. These five
orbitals are degenerate, that is their energies are the
sume but configuration are different.
In sp3d hybridisation there are a total of s orbitals which
are s, px , py , pz. In case of d- subshell, the d z 2 orbital
In PCl5 molecule has phosphorous bonded with 5 take part in hybridisation. 3
chlorine in trigonal bipyramidal geometry. The 11. The geometrical shape of sp d hybridization is
3
hybridisation of PCl5 is sp d. (a) linear (b) trigonal bipyramid
7. Hybridisation in XeF2 and XeF4 are (c) square planar (d) tetrahedral
respectively _____. J & K CET-(2007, 2002)
(a) sp2 and sp3d2 (b) sp3d and sp3d2 Ans. (b) : The geometrical shape of sp3d hybridisation
3 3 3
(c) sp and sp (d) sp d and sp is trigonal bipyramid.
GUJCET-2022, AMU-2005
Ans. (b): The structure of XeF2 and XeF4 are-

12. An sp3-hybrid orbital contains SCl 4 + 4H 2 O → S(OH)4 + 4HCl
1 1 unstable
(a) s-character (b) s-character →
4 2 S(OH) 4 H 2SO 3 + H 2O
sulfurous acid
2 3
(c) s-character (d) s-character Hybridization of S in SO32 − is sp3 .
3 4
JIPMER-2011 16. Which of the following is an octahedral
NEET-1991 molecule?
Ans. (a) : In sp3 hybrid orbital, is formed by mixing of (a) SF6 (b) BF4-
1s and 3p-orbitals to form a equivalent sp3 orbital’s. (c) PCl5 (d) IF7
Therefore sp3 hybrid orbital has 25% s-character and
J & K CET-(2017, 1998)
1
75% p-character. So, sp3-hybrid orbital contains s- Ans. (a) : From the following molecule are –
4
character.
Hybrid atomic orbital’s do not exist and do not
appropriately describe molecular bonding.
13. The type of hybridisation and number of lone
pair(s) of electrons of Xe in XeOF4,
respectively, are
(a) sp3d2 and 1 (b) sp3d and 2
3
(c) sp and 1 (d) sp3d2 and 2
(JEE Main 2019, 10 Jan Shift-I)
UPTU/UPSEE-2015
Ans. (a) : The structure of XeOF4 are –
The hybridisation is sp3d2. SF6 molecule has octahedral geometry.

Hybridisation = Bond pair + lone pair
= (4 + 1) +1 17. The state of hybridization of ‘B’ in BCl3 is:
= 6 (sp3d2) (a) sp 3 (b) sp 2
So, the hybridization of XeOF4 is sp3d2 and lone pair is (c) sp (d) sp 3d 2
1.
14. The planar structure of BF3 can be explained AP EAMCET (Medical) -1998
by the fact that BF3 is AP-EAMCET-1996
(a) sp-hybridised (b) sp2-hybridised Ans. (b): The type of hybridization that occurs is BCl3
(c) sp3-hybridised (d) sp3d hybridised is sp2 hybridization. In BCl3 molecule, boron will be the
J & K CET-(2017) central atom which contains three bonded atom but no
BCECE-2007 lone pair of electron.
Ans. (b) : The structure of BF3 is The structure of BCl3 is given below–
sp2 (triangular planar.)

2
In BF3 has sp hybridization due to three fluorine atom
are arranged in a trigonal geometry. Hybridization = No. of bond pair + No. of lone pair
15. Sulphur reacts with chlorine in 1 : 2 ratio and Hybridization = 3 + 0 = 3 (sp2)
form X. Hydrolysis of X gives a sulphur 18. sp3d hybridisation results in:
compound Y. What is the hybridisation state of (a) A square planar molecule
central atom in the anion of Y ? (b) An octahedron molecule
(a) sp3 (b) sp (c) A trigonal bipyramidal molecule
(c) sp2 (d) sp3d (d) A tetrahedron molecule
AP- EAPCET- 07-09-2021, Shift-I UPTU/UPSEE-2005, 2004
AP-EAMCET (Engg.)-2004
Ans. (c) : The hybridisation of sp3d is tirgonal
Ans. (a) : When sulphur reacts with chlorine in 1 : 2
ratio then SCl4 is obtained which one hydrolysis gives bipyrmidal molecule. A sp3d hybridisation includes 5
sulphurous acid (H2SO3). hybrid orbitals arranged in space so is to minimise the
repulsion between them and the geometry which results
S + 2Cl2 → SCl4
sulphur tetrachloride from such an arrangement is trigonal bipyramidal.

19. Match List-I and List-II.
List I List II PCl5 sp3d
(Species) (Hybrid orbitals)
A SF4 i. sp3d2
B IF5 ii. d2sp3
C NO 2+ iii. sp3d [Pt(Cl4)]2– dsp2
D NH +4 iv. sp3
22. Consider the reaction BCl3 + NH3 → BCl3 .
v. sp
NH3. The geometries of BCl3 and BCl3 . NH3
A B C D respectively are ______
(a) (i) (ii) (v) (iii) (a) Trigonal planar & Tetrahedral
(b) (ii) (i) (iv) (v)
(b) Tetrahedral & square planar
(c) (iii) (i) (v) (iv)
(c) Tetrahedral & Trigonal bipyramidal
(d) (iv) (iii) (ii) (v)
(d) Square planar & Trigonal pyramidal
AP EAPCET 23-08-2021 Shift-I
Ans. (c) :
Ans. (a) : Given reaction is-
BCl3 + NH3 → BCl3 . NH3
Structure of BCl3 is-
Therefore, the SF4 has sp3d hybrid orbital IF5 has sp3d2 , The geometries of BCl3 is trigonal planar.
NO2+ has sp and NH4+ has sp3 hybrid orbital. Structure of BCl3 . NH3 is-
20. XeF6 on partial hydrolysis gives a compound X,
which has square pyramidal geometry 'X' is
(a) XeO3 (b) XeO4
(c) XeOF4 (d) XeO2F2
Kerala-CEE-29.08.2021 The geometries of BCl3.NH3 is tetrahedral.
Ans. (c) : XeF6 on partial hydrolysis gives a compound 23. In which of the following molecules/ ions the
XeOF4 which has square pyramidal geometry which is central atom is sp2 hybridized?
given as follows -
BF3, NO 2− , NH 2− , & H2O
XeF6 + H 2O → XeOF4 + 2HF
(a) NH 2– & H2O (b) NO 2– & H2O
(c) BF3 & NO 2– (d) NO 2– & NH 2–
(Square pyramidal) Ans. (c) : Formula = lone pair + Bond pair.
21. Match the following
Column – I Column – II
Compound Hybridization
(A) SF6 (I) dsp2
(B) PCl5 (II) d2sp3
(C) [PtCl 4 ]2− (III) sp3d2
(IV) sp3 24. The hybridization of the central atom in the
3
(V) sp d species ICl+2 is ____
The correct match is (a) sp3d2 (b) sp
A B C (c) sp2 (d) sp3
(a) III I V AP EAPCET-6 Sep. 2021, Shift-II
(b) III V I Ans. (d): The structure of the ICl+2 is–
(c) IV V I
(d) II V I
TS EAMCET 10.08.2021, Shift-II
Ans. (b) :
Species Hybridization Geometry Hybridisation = No. of bond pair + No. of lone pair
= 2+2
SF6 sp3d2 =4
i.e, sp3

25. The hybridization of Se in SeF4 and its 28. The percentage of s-character in the hybrid
geometry respectively are________ orbitals of nitrogen in NO +2 , NO −3 and NH +4
(a) sp3d, see-saw shaped (b) sp3d2, octahedral respectively are
(c) sp3d3, trigonal planar (d) sp3d2, square planar (a) 33.3%, 50%, 25% (b) 33.3%, 25%, 50%
AP EAPCET 20.08.2021 Shift-II (c) 50%, 33.3%, 25% (d) 25%, 50%, 33.3%
Ans. (a): Structure of SeF4 is– Karnataka-CET-2020
Ans. (c) : The structure of NO 2 NO3– and NH +4
+
Hybridization of SeF4 is sp3d and geometry is see-saw

shaped.
26. Match List-I (species) with List-II
(hybridisation) and select the correct code
given below :
List-I List-II
(A) XeF4 (1) dsp2
(B) H2O (2) sp3
(C) PCl5 (3) sp3d2
(D) [Pt(NH3)4]2+ (4) sp3d
Codes :
A B C D
(a) 3 2 4 1
(b) 1 4 2 3
(c) 3 4 2 1 Hence, the percentage of s-character in the hybrid
(d) 1 2 4 3
Manipal-2020 orbital of nitrogen in NO +2 is 50%, NO3– is 33.3% and
Ans. (a) : NH +4 and is 25% respectively.
Species Hybridization 29. The linear shape of CO2 is due to.......
XeF4 sp3d2 (a) sp3 -hybridisation of carbon
H 2O sp3 (b) sp-hybridisation of carbon
PCl5 sp3d (c) pπ - dπ bonding between carbon and oxygen
2+
[pt(NH3)4] dsp2 (d) sp2 -hybridisation of carbon
27. Which one of the following molecules is formed AP EAMCET (Engg.) 21.09.2020, Shift-I
by sp3d hybridisation? Ans. (b) : The geometry of CO2 is linear. As there are
(a) BrF5 (b) PF5 no non-bonding pairs, the space is not even distorted or
(c) SF6 (d) [Co(NH3)6]3+ bent and remain a perfect 180º angle. This is due to the
(e) [Pt(Cl)4]2– overlapping of s and p.
Kerala-CEE-2020 Orbitals of both atoms to form sp hybrid and pπ – pπ
Ans. (b) : bonding between carbon and oxygen.
(i) BrF5 30. The reaction in which the hybridisation of the
F F underlined atom is affected is
Br
(a) XeF4 + SbF5 →
F F
(b) H2SO4 + NaCl  420k
→
F
(sp3d2 ) (c) H 3 PO 2 
Disproportionation
→
+
(ii) PF5 F (d) NH 3 

H
→
F (JEE Main 2020, 4 Sep Shift-II)
F P (i ) → ( XeF3 )( SbF6 )
–
XeF4 + SbF5 
F Ans. (a) :
F sp3d 2 sp3d
(sp3d) (ii) H 2SO 4 + NaCl 420k
→ NaHSO4 + HCl
F sp3 sp3
(iii) SF6
F F (iii) H3PO2 
→ PH3 + H3 PO4
Disproportionation
S sp3 sp3 sp3

F F +
(iv) NH 3 
H
→ NH +4
F
(sp3d2) sp3 sp3

31. What is the hybridisation of Be in BeF2 Ans. (c) :
molecule ?
(a) dsp2 (b) sp2d Column-I Column-II
(c) sp (d) sp3 XeF4 Square planar
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 18.09.2020, Shift-I XeF6 Distorted octahedral
Ans. (c) : Hybridisation state of Be in BeF2 is sp. XeOF4 Square pyramidal
F—Be—F
XeO3 Pyramidal.
1
H = (V + M − C + A) 36. The hybridization state of boron in its
2
1 trihalides is
= ( 2 + 2 − 0 + 0 ) = 2 ( sp ) (a) sp2 (b) sp3
2
Where, V = number of valence electrons of Be = 2 (c) sp (d) sp3d
H = number of monovalent F atom = 2 J & K CET-(2019)
C = number of cationic charge = 0
A = number of anionic charge = 0 Ans. (a) : The hybridization state of boron in its
So, the hybridisation of Be in BeF2 molecule is sp. trihalides is sp2 because boron bonded with three
32. The types of hybridisation on the five carbon halides to a trigonal planar geometry.
atoms from left to right in pent-1-en-4-yne are
(a) sp2, sp2, sp3, sp, sp (b) sp, sp, sp3, sp2, sp2,
(c) sp2, sp3, sp, sp, sp3 (d) sp2, sp, sp3, sp, sp2,
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 18.09.2020, Shift-I
1 2 3 4 5
Ans. (a) : CH 2 = CH— CH 2 — C ≡ CH
↑ 2 ↑2 ↑ 3 ↑ ↑ Where, X = Halide group.
sp sp sp sp sp
(Pent-1-ene-4-yne) 37. The ion that has sp3d2 hybridisation for the
33. What is hybridization of O in H2O? central atom, is
(a) sp (b) sp3 (a) [ ICl 2 ]
−
(b) [ BrF2 ]
−
(c) sp2 (d) No hybridisation
JIPMER-2019 (c) [ ICl 4 ]
−
(d) [ IF8 ]
−
Ans. (b) : The structure of H2O is V-shaped or bent

shaped because two lone pair present on oxygen atom to (JEE Main 2019, 8 April Shift-II)
repel each other and two bonded hydrogen atom. The Ans. (c) : The structure of the following molecule-
hybridization of H2O is sp3.
34. The hybridization and geometry in N(SiH3)3,

respectively, are
(a) sp3, tetrahedral (b) sp3, pyramidal
(c) sp2, triangular planar (d) sp3d, T-shaped.
AMU-2019
Ans. (c) : In trisilylamine, N atom is sp2 hybridised
which results in planar geometry There is
pπ − dπ bonding because Si has vacant d–orbitals.
sp2 (triangular planar.)

35. Match the Xenon compounds in Column-I with its
structure in Column-II and assign the correct code.
Column-I Column-II
(A) XeF4 (i) Pyramidal Thus [ICl4]– ion has sp3d2 hybridisation.
(B) XeF6 (ii) Square planar
(C) XeOF4 (iii) Distorted octahedral 38. Type of hybridization of N and C – N – C bond
(D) XeO3 (iv) Square pyramidal angle in ( CH 3 )3 N are ______ and
A B C D respectively?
(a) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
(b) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (a) sp 3 ,108o (b) sp 2 ,120o
(c) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(d) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv) (c) sp 3 ,109o 28' (d) sp 2 ,117.5o
(NEET 2019, NEET-I 2016) GUJCET-2019
Ans. (a) : 43. What is the structure of XeOF4?
(a) Square pyramidal
(b) Trigonal bipyramidal
(c) Pyramidal
(d) Square bipyramidal
GUJCET-2018
Nitrogen has 3 bonds pairs, 1 lone pair. Hence, by Ans. (a) : The structure of XeOF4 is –
VSEPR theory, it is sp3 hybridised and bond angle is
108°.
39. The number of lone pair of electron and
hybridisation in XeOF4 is
(a) 0,sp3 (b) 1,sp3d According to VSEPR theory, Xe bonded with four
3 2
(c) 1,sp d (d) 2,sp3d2 fluorine atom and one doubly bonded oxygen atom, and
CG PET -2019 present one lone pair. The hybridisation of XeOF4 is
sp3d2 and structure is square pyrimdal.
Ans. (c) : For XeOF4
44. The state of hybrid orbitals of carbon in CO2,
CH4 and CO 23 − respectively is
(a) sp3, sp2 and sp (b) sp3, sp and sp2
3 2
(c) sp, sp and sp (d) sp2, sp3 and sp
The number of lone pair of electron is 1 and Karnataka-CET-2018
hybridization is sp3d2. 2–
Hybridisation = Bond pair + lone pair. Ans. (c) : The structure of CO 2 , CH 4 and CO 3 is
= (4 + 1) + 1 (i) CO2 (ii) CH4 (iii) CO32–

3 2
= 6 (sp d ).
40. A molecule is square plannar with no lone pair.
What type of hybridization is associated with
it?
(a) sp3d (b) sp3d2 Therefore, the hybrid orbital’s of carbon in CO2, CH4
3
(c) dsp (d) dsp2 and CO32– is sp, sp3 and sp2 respectively.
COMEDK-2019
Ans. (d) : dsp2 hybridisation leads to square planar 45. formation of PCl3 is explained on the basis of
geometry and no lone pair. what hybridisation of phosphorus atom?
(a) sp2 (b) sp3
41. Specify the coordination geometry and (c) sp d 3
(d) sp3d2
hybridization of N and B atoms in a 1:1 MHT CET-2018
complex of BF3 and NH3.
3 3 Ans. (b) : Hybridisation of an atom can be determined
(a) N: tetrahedral, sp ; B: tetrahedral, sp
by the formula.
(b) N: pyramidal, sp3; B: pyramidal , sp3
3
(c) N: pyramidal, sp , B: planar, sp 2 1
Hybridisation = [V + Y – C + A]
3 3 2
(d) N: pyramidal, sp , B: tetrahedral, sp
COMEDK–2018 Where, V = Valence electron
Y = Monovalent atom
Ans. (a) : NH3 and BF3 have sp3 (pyramidal) and sp2
C = Cationic charge
(planar) hybridization respectively, having one lone pair
of electron on N atom which is responsible for A = Anionic charge
3
pyramidal shape of NH3 inspite of sp hybridisation. For PCl 3 , V=5, Y= 3, C = 0, A = 0
However, as soon as it is coordinated to BF3, both attain So, 1
hybridisation = [5 + 3 – 0 + 0]
tetrahedral geometry and acquire sp3 hybridisation. 2
42. In XeOF2 molecule, the hydridisation of Xe 1
= ×8
orbital is– 2
3 3 3 2
(a) sp d (b) sp d 4 (sp3)
(c) sp3d (d) sp3 46. In the structure of CIF3, the number of lone
BCECE-2018 pairs of electrons on central atom 'Cl' is
Ans. (c) : The structure of XeOF2 is (a) one (b) two (c) four (d) three
NEET-2018
Ans. (b) : The structure of ClF3 is -
The hybridization of XeOF2 is sp3d

Hybridisation = bond pair + lone pair
= (2 + 1) + 2
= 5 (sp3d)

Each boron atom in diborane is sp3 hybridisation in the
In ClF3 molecule three fluorine atoms is bonded to chlorine
and two lone pairs are present in central atom of Cl. Thestructure of diborane four H–atoms two are left and
hybridization of ClF3 is sp3d and shape is T-shaped. right, known as terminal hydrogen and in different
47. Sulphur reacts with chlorine in 1:2 ratio and environment two hydrogen atom which known as
forms X. Hydrolysis of X gives a sulphur bridging atoms.
compound Y. The hybridisation of central 51. For the following pattern of hybridisation
atom in the anion Y is shown by the central atom.
(a) sp3 (b) sp2 sp, sp2, sp3, sp3d
3
(c) sp d (d) sp (1) (2) (3) (4)
JIPMER-2017 which of the following will represent the
Ans. (a) : When sulphur reacts with chlorine in 1 : 2. correct sequence of hybridisation, i.e.
The ratio of the SCl4 is obtained which on hydrolysis according to the sequence mentioned above?
gives H2SO4. Therefore, the compound X is SCl4 and Y (a) H2O, CO2, BF3, PCl5
is H2SO4 (b) CO2, H2O, BF3, PCl5
S+2Cl 2  → SCl4 (c) CO2, BF3, H2O, PCl5
(X) (d) H2O, CO2, PCl5, BF3
JCECE - 2016
SCl 4 + 4H 2 O  → S(OH) 4 + 4HCl Ans. (c) : The orbitals of the central atom that goes for
(unstable) hybridisation are:
S(OH)4  → H 2SO 4 + H 2O (a) Orbitals used for a σ bond formation.
3– 3 (b) Orbitals contain l.p. (lone pair) of electrons.
Hence, the hybridisation of sulphur in SO 4 is sp .
(c) If required empty orbitals.
48. Among the following compounds, which Note: Orbitals involved in π-bond formation and having
compound is polar as well as well as exhibit sp2 odd electron will not get hybridised.
–hybridisation by the central atom Molecule Hybridisation No. of σ bonds + l.p.
(a) H2CO3 (b) SiF4
(c) BF3 (d) HClO3  no. of σ bonds = 0 
JIPMER-2017
CO2 sp  
 no. of lp of electrons = 0 
Ans. (a) : The structure of H2CO3 is –
 no. of σ bonds = 3 
BF3 sp2  
 no. of lp of electrons = 0 
So, the geometry is trigonal planar and hybridization is  no. of σ bonds = 2, 
sp2. H 2O sp3  
Now, H2CO3 and BF3 are central atom C and B are sp2  no. of lp of electrons = 2 
hybridised. In H2CO3 is dipole moment is not zero.  no. of σ bonds = 5 
Hence, H2CO3 molecule is polar as well as exhibit sp2 PCl5 sp3d  
hybridisation.  no. of lp of electrons = 0 
52. The hybridization of C in diamond, graphite
49. Hybridisation of carbon in CH 3– and ethyne is in the order.
2 3
(a) sp (b) sp (a) sp3, sp, sp2 (b) sp3, sp2, sp
(c) sp3d (d) sp3d2 2
(c) sp, sp , sp 3
(d) sp2, sp3, sp
(e) sp2d3 Karnataka-CET-2016
Kerala-CEE-2017 Ans. (b) : A diamond has a tetrahedral structure in
Ans. (b) : The structure of CH 3– is which all C-atoms are bonded by 4 σ - bonds with 4
neighbouring C-atoms. Thus it has sp3 hybridisation.
Graphite forms a hexagonal in which each carbon is
bonded by 3 σ - bonds with 3-C atoms in the same
plane. Thus, the graphite has sp2 hybridisation.
In Ethyne CH ≡ CH in which one C-atom is bonded
The hybridisation of CH 3– is sp3 due to three hydrogen with other C-atom through only one σ -bond (2π bonds
atom is bonded to carbon and one lone pair is present so do not take part in hybridization). So, ethyne has sp
the hybrisation is sp3. hybridization.
50. Hybridisation of boron in diborone (B2H6) is– Thus, the correct order is sp3, sp2, sp,
(a) sp (b) sp 2 53. The hybridised state of Al3+ in the complex ion
(c) sp 3 3
(d) sp d formed when AlCl3 is treated with aqueous
BCECE-2016 acid is
Ans. (c) : The structure of diborane (B2H6) is- (a) sp3 (b) dsp2
3 2
(c) sp d (d) sp2d
2
(e) sp
Kerala-CEE-2016
3
Ans. (c) : Al3+ ions give a complex ion in which Al3+ 57. Which one of the following does not have sp
ion form six coordinate covalent bonds with six H2O hybridisation?
molecules. (a) CH4 (b) XeF4
Al3+ + aqueous acid → [Al(H2O)6]3+ (c) H2O (d) NH3
Hence, it shows sp3d2 hybridisation J & K CET-(2015)
54. The correct geometry and hybridization for Ans. (b) : The structure of the following are-
XeF4 are
(a) octahedral sp3d2
(b) trigonal bipyramidal, sp3d
(c) planar triangle, sp3d3
(d) square planar, sp3d2
NEET-II 2016
Ans. (a) : The geometry of XeF4 is
The geometry of XeF4 is octahedral. It has sp3d2

hybridisation.
55. Amongst
NO 3– , AsO 3– 2– – 2– 30
3 ,CO 3 ,ClO 3 ,SO 3 ,and BO 3 the d
non-planar species are In XeF4 molecule has sp3d2 hybridisation but another
(a) NO3− , CO32 − and BO33− are all sp3 hybridisaton.
2− − 3−
(b) SO3 , ClO3 , and BO3 58. The hybridized state of bromine in bromine
2− 2− 3− pentafluoride is
(c) CO3 ,SO3 , and BO3 (a) sp3d (b) dsp3
3− 2− 2− 2 3
(d) AsO3 , CO3 and SO3 (c) d sp (d) sp2d
3 2
UPTU/UPSEE-2016 (e) sp d
Ans. (b) : (i) NO3 has sp – 2
hybridisation and its Kerala-CEE-2015
geometry is trigonal planar with no lone pair. Ans. (e) : The structure of bromine pentafluoride is-
(ii) AsO3– 3 has sp3 hybridisation and its geometry is
pyramidal with one lone pair.
(iii) CO32– has sp2 hybridisation and its geometry is
trigonal planar with zero lone pair.
(iv) ClO3– has sp3 hybridisation and its geometry is The hybridization3 2 state of bromine in bromine
pyramidal with one lone pair. pentafluoride is sp d .
2– 3
(v) SO3 has sp hybridisation and its geometry is 59. The angular shape of ozone molecule (O3)
consists of.
pyramidal with one lone pair. (a) 1 sigma and 2 pi bonds
3– 2
(vi) BO3 has sp hybridisation and its geometry is (b) 2 sigma and 2 pi bonds
tirgonal planar with zero lone pair. (c) 1 sigma and 1 pi bonds
Therefore AsO3– 3 , ClO 3
–
and SO32– have non-planar (d) 2 sigma and 1 pi bonds
species as their geometry is pyramidal. JIPMER-2014
56. In which one of the following pairs the two Ans. (d) : The structure O3 is bent. The central atom has
species have identical shape, but differ in one double bond and one single bond with its
hybridsation? neighbouring Oxygen molecules which keeps
(a) I3– , BeCl 2 (b) NH3, BF3 interchanging their positions and Ozone molecule has 2
– + sigma bond and one pi bond.
(c) XeF2, I3 (d) NH 4 , SF4
AP-EAMCET (Engg.) 2015
Ans. (a) : I3– has sp3d hybridisation and linear shape. 60. In which one of the following the central atom
BeCl2 has sp hybridisation and linear shape. is sp3 hydridised?
–
The structure of I3 and BeCl2 are – (a) NH +4 (b) BF3
−
I3 BeCl2 (c) SF (d) PCl5
6
(e) XeF4
(linear) (linear) Kerala-CEE-2014
Ans. (a) : Molecule/ion Hybridisation
NH +4 sp3
BF3 sp2
SF6 sp3d2
PCl5 sp3d
XeF4 sp3d2
61. What is the hybridization of carbon atom '2' in
the following compound? In the CH 3+ molecule has trigonal planar shape.
1 2 3 4 66. In which of the following pairs of
CH2 = C = CH − CH3 molecules/ions, the central atoms have sp2
(a) sp3 (b) sp2 hybridisation?
(c) sp (d) sp3d (a) BF3 and NH−2 (b) NO−2 and NH3
S. C. R. A - 2014
(c) BF3 and NO−2 (d) NH−2 and H2O
Ans. (c) : In the given compound,
1 2 3 4 JCECE - 2013
CH 2 = C = CH 2
− CH 3 Ans. (c) : BF 3 and NO −
are sp 2
hybridised while NH−2 ,
sp 2
sp2 sp sp3 3
Hence, the hybridization of carbon atom '2' in is sp. NH3 and H2O are sp hybridised.
62. The number of electrons is the valence shell of 67. Identify the incorrect statement, regarding the
the central atom of a molecule is 8. The molecule XeO4
molecule is (a) XeO4 molecule is square planar
(a) BCl3 (b) BeH2 (b) There are four pπ-d, π-bonds
(c) SCl2 (d) SF6 (c) There are four sp3-p, σ-bonds
AP-EAMCET (Engg.) - 2014 (d) XeO4 molecule is tetrahedral
Ans. (c) : The number of electrons in the valence shell (Karanakata, NEET 2013)
of SCl2 of the central atom of a molecule is 8. Ans. (a) : The XeO4 molecule is tetrahedral. The
In SCl2 valence electron = 6+2 = 8 geometry of molecule is-
63. Which of the following is not correctly
matched?
(a) ClO 3− – sp2 hybridised
(b) SO3 – sp2 hybridised
(c) NH3 – sp3 hybridised
(d) PCl5 – sp3d hybrodised
UP CPMT-2014
68.
In which of the following a pair both the
Ans. (a) : ClO 3− ⇒ 3bp + 1/ p ⇒ sp 3 hybridised
species have sp3 hybridization?
pyramidal geometry (a) H2S, BF3 (b) SiF4, BeH2
(c) NF3, H2O (d) NF3, BF3
AIIMS 25 May 2019 (Evening)
Karnataka NEET-2013
64. The hybridisation of central atoms in case of Ans. (c):
diamond and carborundum respectively are
(a) sp2, sp3 (b) sp3, sp2
2
(c) sp , sp (d) sp3, sp3
UP CPMT-2014
Ans. (d) : In diamond and carborundum (SiC) both the
central atoms (i.e.,C and Si) are sp3 hybridised.
65. Which of the following species has a trigonal
planar shape?
(a) : CH3– (b) CH3+
(c) BF4– (d) SiH4
J & K CET-(2013)
Ans. (b) : The shape of the following species are-
69. In which of the following pair both the species
have sp3 hybridisation?
(a) SiF4, BeH2 (b) NF3, H2O
(c) NF3, BF3 (d) H2S, BF3
KARNATAKA NEET 2013
Ans. (b) : NF3 and H2O have sp3- hybridization.

70. The outer orbitals of C in ethene molecule can be 74. The state of hybridization of the central atom
considered to be hybridized to give three and the number of lone pairs over the central
equivalent sp2 orbitals. The total number of atom in POCl3 are
sigma ( σ ) and pi ( π ) bonds in ethene molecule is (a) sp,0 (b) sp2,0
(c) sp3,0 (d) dsp2,1
(a) 3 sigma ( σ ) and 2 pi ( π ) bonds WB-JEE-2012
(b) 4 sigma ( σ ) and 1 pi ( π ) bonds Ans. (c) : The structure of POCl3 is
(c) 5 sigma ( σ ) and 1 pi ( π ) bonds
(d) 1 sigma ( σ ) and 2 pi ( π ) bonds
3
KARNATAKA NEET 2013 The state of hybridisation of the central atom is sp and
Ans. (c) : The structure of ethene is– the number of lone pairs is zero.
75. The hybrid state of C in charcoal is–
(a) sp3 (b) sp2
(c) sp (d) No specific state
BCECE-2011
Ans. (d) : Charcoal is an amorphous form of carbon.
71. In which of the following pairs (of Thus, the hybrid state of C in charcoal is not specific.
molecules/ions) the central atom has the same 76. Which of the two ions from the list given below
hybridisation? that have the geometry that is explained by the
(a) XeF4 and ClO −4 (b) BeCl2 and SO2 same hybridization of orbitals, NO 2– , NO 3– ,
(c) BH3 and ClF3 (d) NH3 and NH 4+ NH 2– , NH +4 , SCN–?
SRMJEEE – 2012 (a) NO 2– and NO3– (b) NH +4 and NO3–
Ans. (d) : –
(c) SCN and NH –
(d) NO 2– and NH 2–
2
Hybridisation of Xe = lone pair + bond pair
NEET-2011
(a) In XeF4, Hybridisation of Xe = 2 + 4 = 6(sp3d2)
Ans. (a) : The following in have the structure
In ClO −4 , Hybridisation of Cl = 0 + 4 = 4 (sp3)
(b) In BeCl2 , Hybridisation of Be = 0 + 2 = 2 (sp)
In SO2, Hybridisation of S = 1 + 2 = 3 (sp2)
(c) In BH3 , Hybridisation of B = 0 + 3 = 3(sp2)
In ClF3 , Hybridisation of Cl = 2 + 3 = 5 (sp3d)
(d) In NH3, Hybridisation of N = 1 + 3 = 4 (sp3)
In NH +4 , Hybridisation of N = 0 + 4 = 4 (sp3)
Hence, NH3 and NH +4 have the same hybridisation.
72. The hybridization of carbon in molecular CO2
is
(a) sp (b) sp2
3
(c) sp (d) sp3d
J & K CET-(2012)
Ans. (a) : In the CO2 molecule the structure is
Since, both ions NO 2– and NO3– have the same
Hybridisation. When compared to all ions. The
In CO2 molecule carbon bonded with two oxygen by Hybridisation is sp2 in NO 2– and NO3– .
double bond. It is linear geometry and hybridisation is sp. 77. Which of the following statements is/are true
73. The percentage of p-character of the hybrid about the P–Cl bonds in PCl5?
orbitals in graphite and diamond are (a) Three bonds are of one type and two of
respectively another type
(a) 50 and 75 (b) 67 and 75 (b) Two bonds are of one type and three of
(c) 33 and 75 (d) 33 and 25 another type
Karnataka-CET-2012 (c) All the bonds are of the same type
Ans. (b) : Graphite forms a hexagonal sheet like (d) Each P–Cl bonds is unique
structure in which each carbon is bonded by 3 σ bonds. UPTU/UPSEE-2011
So, the hybridization of graphite is sp2. The percentage Ans. (a) : In PCl5 Structure is
of p- character is 66.67 ≈ 67%.
Diamond is a tetrahedral structure in which all C-atoms
are bonded by 4 σ - bond with neighbouring C-atoms.
So, the hybridisation of diamond is sp3. The percentage
of p-character is 75%.

In PCl5 , three bonds are one type is equitorial bond and
two of another type is Axial bond.
Hence, option (a,b) both are correct.
78. The sp3d2 hybridization of central atom of a
molecule would lead to.
(a) Square planar geometry
Since, BF3 and NO −2 molecules have sp2 hybridized
(b) Tetrahedral geometry
(c) Trigonal bipyramidal geometry central atoms.
(d) Octahedral geometry 82. In which one of the following species the
WB-JEE-2011 central atom has the type of hybridization
3 2 which is not the same as that present in the
Ans. (d) : The sp d hybridisation of central atom of a
3 2 other three?
molecule would lead to octahedral geometry. In sp d
orbital one s-orbital, three p-orbital and two d-orbital (a) SF4 (b) I3−
2–
i.e. d z 2 and d x 2 − y2 are intermixed to form a new 6 new (c) SbCl5 (d) PCl5
3 2
sp d hybrid orbital. NEET-2010
+ Ans. (c) : The structure of the molecule is-
79. In CO2, CH4 and CH 3 the hybridisation of
carbon atoms are
(a) sp2, sp3 and sp2 respectively
(b) sp, sp3 and sp2 respectively
(c) sp, sp3 and sp respectively
(d) sp2, sp3 and sp respectively
J & K CET-(2010)
Ans. (b) :
In CO2 , CH4 and CH 3+ , the hybridisation of carbon

atom are sp, sp3 and sp2 respectively. Hence, SbCl52– has sp3d2 hybridisation which is not
80. The AsF5 molecule is trigonal bipyramidal. The same as the other three species.
hybrid orbitals used by the As atoms for 83. In which of the following molecules the central
bonding are atom does not have sp3 hybridization?
(a) dx2 − y2 ,dz2 ,s, px , py (b) d xy ,s, px , py , pz (a) CH4 (b) SF4
(c) BF4– (d) NH +4
(c) s, px ,py ,pz ,d z 2 (d) d x 2− y 2 ,s,px , py
NEET-2010
JCECE - 2010 Ans. (b) : The structure of the following compound-
Ans. (c) : The geometry of AsF5 molecule is trigonal
bipyramidal, it is sp3d hybridised. Thus, s, px, py, pz and
dz2 orbitals are utilised by As atom for bonding.
81. In which of the following pairs of molecules/
ions, the central atoms have sp2 hybridisation?
(a) NO −2 and NH3 (b) BF3 and NO −2
(c) NH −2 and H2O (d) BF3 and NH −2
NEET-2010
Ans. (b) :
In SF4 has sp3d hybridisation other has sp3

hybridisation.

84. Some of the properties of the two species, 88. In XeF6 oxidation state and state of
NO 3– and H3O+ are described below. Which one hybridisation of Xe, and shape of the molecule
of them is correct? are, respectively
(a) Dissimilar in hybridization for the central (a) +6, sp3d3, distroted octahedral
atom with different structures (b) +4, sp3d2, square planar
(b) Isostructural with same hybridization for the (c) +6, sp3, pyramidal
central atom. (d) +6, sp3d2, square pyramidal.
(c) isostructural with different hybridization for AMU – 2009
the central atom. Ans. (a) : The structure of XeF6 is–
(d) Similar in hybridization for the central atom
with different structures.
NEET-2010
Ans. (a) :
Oxidation state of XeF6 has

x + 6(–1) = 0
x = +6
and hybridization XeF6 is sp3d3
In NO3– and H3O+ has dissimilar in hybridization. 89. In which of the following pairs both molecules
sp2 hybridasition in NO3– and sp3 hybridisation in H3O+ do not possess same type of hybridisation?
with the different structures. (a) CH4 and H2O (b) PCl5 and SF4
85. The compound which is non-linear : (c) SF6 and XeF4 (d) BCl3 and NCl3
(a) CO2 (b) CS2 CG PET -2009
(c) HgCl2 (d) H2O Ans. (d) : The structure of following molecule–
MPPET- 2009
Ans. (d) : The shape of a molecules depends on the
number of lone pairs and bond pairs present around the
central atom.
CO2, CS2 and HgCl2 is a linear and sp hybridisation but
H2O is V- shaped structure.
• In H2O the central atom oxygen is sp3 hybridized.
Oxygen has 2 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs, so the
geometry is tetrahedral. The shape of H2O is bent due
to the presence of 2 lone pairs.
therefore, H2O is not linear molecule.
86. Hybridisation of central atom in NF3 is
(a) sp3 (b) sp
(c) sp2 (d) dsp2
WB-JEE-2009
90. In which of the following molecules/ions BF3,
Ans. (a) : The structure of NF3 is
NO 2– , NH 2– and H2O, the central atom is sp2
hybridised?
(a) NH 2– and H2O (b) NO 2– and H2O
(c) BF3 and NO 2– (d) NO 2– and NH 2–
The structure of NF3 is pyramidal and hybridization is
sp3. NEET-2009
Ans. (c) : The structure of the following molecules are-
87. The state of hybridization of S in SF4 is
(a) sp3 and has a lone pair of electron
(b) sp2 and has tetrahedral structure
(c) sp3d and has a trigonal bipyramidal structure
(d) sp3d2 and has an octahedral structure.
AMU – 2009
Ans. (c) : The structure of SF4 is–
The state of hybridization of SF4 is sp3d and has a

trigonal bipyamidal structure. Hence, BF3 and NO 2– has sp2 hybridisation.

91. Hybridization of the central atom in PF5 Ans. (a) : The molecule MX3 has zero dipole moment,
involves the mixing of atomic orbitals the σ-bonding orbitals used by M (Z < 21) are sp2
(a) d xy , s, px, py, pz (b) s, px, py, pz, d z 2 hybridized. In this case, planar triangular geometry
results in the cancellation of the dipole moments of
(c) d x2 −y2 , s, px, py, pz (d) s, px, py, pz, d x2 −y2 individual M–X bonds.
AMU – 2008
Ans. (b) :
95. Assertion (A) : CO2 is linear

Reason (R) : It is not in sp-hybridized state
The correct answer is
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
Trigonal bipyramidal structure (sp3d) correct explanation of (A)
PF5 molecule has tringonal bipyramidal geometry and (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A)
all the bond angles in triagonal bipyramidal geometry
(c) (A) is true and (R) is not true
are not equvalent. The hybridised orbitals involved are
(d) (A) is not true and (R) is true
s + 3p +d
AP - EAMCET (Medical) - 2007
s (px, py, pz) (d z2 ) Ans. (c) : CO2 is linear because it has sp hybridisation.
92. An octahedral complex is formed when hybrid The structure of CO2 is–
orbitals of the following type are involved O&& = C = O&&
(a) sp3 (b) dsp2 && &&
2 3
Hybridization = Bond pair + Lone pair
(c) d sp (d) sp2d2 Hybridization = 2 + 0 = 2(sp) (linear)
KARNATAKA-CET, 2008 It is sp hybridized which is illustrated above.
Ans. (c) : 96. The hybridisation state of carbon in fullerene is
Hybridisation Geometry of (a) sp (b) sp2
3
Complex (c) sp (d) sp3d
sp3 tetrahedral JCECE - 2007
dsp2 square planar Ans. (b) : In fullerene, all the carbon atoms are equal.
d2sp3 octahedral Fullerene consists of 20 hexagonal and 12 pentagonal
sp2d2 not possible rings as the basis of an icosahedral symmetry closed
cage structure. Each carbon atom is bonded to three
93. Which of the following is not tetrahedral? others and the hybridization is sp2. Fullerenes are the
(a) BF4− (b) NH +4 third allotropic form of carbon after graphite and
(c) CO 32 − (d) SO 24 − diamond.
97. Which of the following set of properties belongs
AP EAMCET (Engg.) -2007 to PCl5?
Ans. (c) : The structure of the following molecules are– (a) sp3, tetrahedral, 4 valence shell pairs of
electrons
(b) sp3d, trigonal bipyramidal, 5 valence shell
pairs of electrons
(c) sp3d2, octahedral, 6 valence shell pairs of
electrons
(d) sp3d, square planar, 4 valence shell pairs of
electrons
J & K CET-(2006)
Ans. (b) : The geometry of PCl5 is trigonal bipyramidal
Hence, the CO32– is not tetrahedral.

In PCl5 molecule has sp3d hybridisation. Its geometry is
94. If a molecule MX3 has the dipole moment zero, trigonal bipyramidal and it has 5 valence shell pairs of
then the sigma (σ) bonding orbitals used by electrons.
M(Z < 21) is 98. In SO2 hybridisation is :
(a) sp2-hybridised (b) pure p-orbitals (a) sp (b) sp3
3 2
(c) sp -hybridised (d) sp-hybridised. (c) dsp (d) sp2
SRMJEEE – 2007 JCECE - 2006
Ans. (d) : In SO2 hybridisation is sp2 102. Which of the following is a linear molecule ?
(a) BeCl2 (b) H2O
(c) SO2 (d) CH4
AP-EAMCET/2005
Ans. (a):
Molecule Structure Hybridization
/Shape
Hybridisation of SO2 = Bond pair + lone pair
BeCl2 Cl–Be–Cl sp(Linear)
=2+1
= 3 (sp2) H 2O sp3(V-shaped)
99. Consider the following molecules or ions:
(i) H2O (ii) NH +4 SO2 sp2(Angular)
(iii) SO42– (iv) ClO 4–
CH4 sp3(Tetrahedral)
(v) NH3
sp3 hybridization is involved in the formation
of:
(a) (i), (ii), (v) only
(b) (i), (ii) only 103. Hybridization present in ClF3 is
(c) (ii) only (a) sp2 (b) sp3
(d) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) Only (c) dsp2 (d) sp3d
(e) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) UP CPMT-2005
Kerala-CEE-2006 Ans. (d) : The configuration of chlorine to find
Ans. (e) : hybridisation.
Molecule/ion Hybridisation
3
H 2O sp
NH +4 sp3
SO 2–
4 sp3
ClO 4– sp3
NH3 sp3
100. The correct order regarding the electro- sp3d hybridisation
negativity of hybrid orbitals of carbon is ∴ ClF3 has sp3d hybridisation and T-shaped
(a) sp < sp2 < sp3 (b) sp > sp3> sp2 geometry (due to presence of two lone pairs electrons).
2 3
(c) sp > sp > sp (d) sp < sp2 > sp3 104. Hybridisation involves
NEET-2006 (a) Addition of an electron pair
Ans. (c) : The electronegativity of hybrid orbitals of (b) Mixing up of atomic orbitals
carbon is depend on the s-character percentage s- (c) Removal of an electron pair
character is increase then the electronegativity is (d) Separation of orbitals
increase percentage s-character in sp, sp2 and sp3 are CG PET -2004
50%, 33.3%, and 25% respectively. Ans. (b) : Hybridisation is defined as the mixing of
Hence, the electronegativity of hybrid carbon is atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals with same
sp > sp2 > sp3 energies, same shape etc. there is minimum repulsion
between these hybridized orbital’s.
101. 105. The states of hybridisation of boron and
oxygen atoms in boric acid (H3BO3) are
respectively
(a) sp2 and sp2 (b) sp2 and sp3
3 2
(c) sp and sp (d) sp3 and sp3
by N is (AIEEE-2004)
(a) sp (b) sp2 Ans. (b) : The structure of boric acid (H3BO3) is –
(c) sp3 (d) dsp2
BITSAT 2005
1
Ans. (c) : Hybridisation of N = [ 5 + 3 + 0 – 0]
2
= 4 (sp3) The hybridisation of boron is sp2 and hybridization of
Or Hybridisation = Bond pair + Lone pair oxygen is sp3. Boric acid (H3BO3) is triangular planar
=3+1 structure.
= 4 (sp3) 106. The maximum number of 90º angles between
So, the hybridisation of piperidine is sp3. bond pair-bond pair of electrons is observed in
(a) dsp3 hybridisation (b) sp3d hybridisation Ans. (c) : The structure of the compound is-
(c) dsp2 hybridisation (d) sp3d2 hybridisation
(AIEEE-2004)
Ans. (d) : sp3d2 hybridisation has octahedral geometry
90° angles between bond pair-bond pair of electrons.
This molecule is made up of 6 equally spaced sp3d2
hybrid orbital’s arranged at 90° angles.
In square pyramidal geometry contains five bond pair
and one lone pair of electrons. Thus square pyramidal
geometry contains four bond has 90°.
107. Which of the following has sp3–hybridization?
(a) BCl3 (b) PCl3 Hence, the option (c) has not sp3 hybridisation.
(c) BeCl2 (d) None of these
111. Which one of the following is a correct pair
JIPMER-2004 with respect to molecular formula of Xenon
Ans. (b) : The structure the following- compound and hybridization state of xenon in
(i) BCl3 (ii) PCl3 (iii) BeCl2 it?
(a) XeF4, sp3 (b) XeF2, sp
Cl − Be − Cl (c) XeF2, sp3d (d) XeF4, sp2
sp AP EAMCET- 2002
Ans. (c) : Xenon difluoride has the two bond pair and
three lone pair due to which they have sp3d
Hence, PCl3 molecule has sp3 hybridsation. hybridization with linear shape.
108. Sulphur trioxide is dissolved in heavy water to
form a compound X. The hybridization state of
sulphur in X is
(a) sp2 (b) sp3
(c) sp (d) dsp2
AP EAMCET- 2003
Ans. (b) : When sulphur trioxide is dissolved in heavy 113. The hybridisation present IF3 is
water then form the D2SO4. (a) sp3d (b) sp3
(c) sp3d2 (d) sp3d
SO3 + D 2O  → D 2SO 4 ≡ UP CPMT-2002
'X ' Ans. (a) :
Species Bond pair + Loan pair Hybridisation
CO2 2 sp
BCl3 3 sp2
CH4 4 sp3
IF3 3+2 sp3d
114. Hybridisation of the underline atom changes in
109. What is the number of free electrons present on
(a) AlH 3 changes to AlH −4
each carbon atom in graphite?
(a) Zero (b) 3 (b) H 2 O changes to H 3O +
(c) 2 (d) 1 (c) NH3 changes to NH +4
AP-EAMCET (Medical), 2003
(d) In all cases
Ans. (d) : Graphite has a two dimensional structure. In (AIEEE-2002)
this case, only three of the four valence electron of each
carbon atom are involved in bonding. Thus, each carbon Ans. (a) :
H+
atom make use of sp2-hybrid orbitals. (a) AlH 3  → AlH 4–
Hence, the fourth valence of each carbon atom remains
sp 2 sp3
unsatisfied i.e. the fourth valence electrons remains
unpaired or free. This free electron can easily move (b) H 2 O  O
→ H 3O +
from one carbon to another under the influence of
applied potential. So, in structure of graphite only one sp3 sp3
H+
electron is free on each carbon atom. (c) NH 3  → NH 4+
3
110. sp -hybridisation is not found in :
sp3 sp3
(a) H2O (b) CH4
(c) BCl3 (d) NH3 Thus, the hybridization of the underline atom AlH3
BCECE-2003 changes to AlH 4 .
–

115. What is the hybridization state of the central (a) Sigma bond
atom in the conjugate base of NH +4 ion? (b) Double bond
(a) sp (b) sp3 (c) Co-ordinate covalent bond
(c) sp2 (d) d sp2 (d) Pi bond
AP-EAMCET/2002 NEET-1990
Ans. (b): The conjugate base of NH +4 is NH3 because it Ans. (a) : Linear combinations of two hybridized
orbitals belonging to two atoms and each having one
donates an H+ ion to the water. It then becomes
electron leads to the formation is sigma bond.
ammonia (NH3) which would be the conjugate base of
NH +4 . 119. In which one of the following molecules the
central atom can be said to adopt sp2
hybridization?
(a) BeF2 (b) BF3
(c) C2H2 (d) NH3
NEET-1989
The central atom of NH3 is N and its hybridization state Ans. (b) : The structure of the following compound-
3
is sp .
116. Which compound has planar structure?
(a) XeF4 (b) XeOF2
(c) XeO2F2 (d) XeO4
(NEET-2000)
Ans. (a) : The structure of the compound is-
So, the molecules BF3 has sp2 hybridisation.

120. Equilateral shape has
(a) sp hybridization (b) sp2 hybridization
3
(c) sp hybridization (d) dsp3 hybridization
NEET-1988
Ans. (b) : Atomic orbital are mixed with formed a new
hybridised orbital, in sp2 hybridisation, one s- orbital and
two p- orbital overlap each other to form hybridised sp2
orbital. In sp2, p- character is 67% and s- character is 33% in
triangular planar structure minimize the maximum repulsion
and have energetically stable geometrical structure. Thus the
equilateral shape has sp2 hybridization.
2. Vsepr Theory
117. When the hybridisation state of carbon atom 121. Given below are two statements: one is labeled
changes from sp3 to sp2 and finally to sp, the as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
angle between the hybridised orbitals
Reason (R).
(a) decreases gradually
(b) decreases considerably Assertion (A): ICI is more reactive than I2.
(c) is not affected Reason (R): I-Cl bond is weaker than I-I bond
(d) increases progressively. In the light of the above statements choose the
NEET-1993 most appropriate answer from the options
given below:
Ans. (d) : When the hybridisation state of carbon atom
changes from sp3 to sp2 and finally to sp, the angle (a) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
between the hybridised orbitals increase progressively. correct explanation of (A).
The bond angles in sp3 hybridisation is 109o, sp2 is 120o (b) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
and sp hybridisation is 180o respectively. (c) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct
118. Linear combination of two hybridised orbitals (d) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is the
belonging to two atoms and each having one correct explanation of (A)
electron leads to the formation is NEET-17.07.2022

Ans. (d) : Inter halogen compound are more reactive
than halogen compound and they break easily due to
weak bond. Therefore, I-Cl is more reactive than I2
because of weaker I-Cl bond then I-I bond.
Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A
122. Based upon VSEPR theory, match the shape
(geometry) of the molecules in List-I with the
molecules in List – II and select the most
appropriate option.
List – I List – II
(Shape) (Molecules)
(A) T-shaped (I) XeF4
(B) Trigonal planar (II) SF4
(C) Square planar (III) ClF3
(D) See-saw (IV) BF3
(a) (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)
(b) (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)
(c) (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)
(d) (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)
JEE Main-27.06.2022, Shift-I
Ans. (b) :
List-I List-II
(Molecules) (Shape)
XeF4 Square planar 125. In the dichromate dianion (Cr2O7)2–
SF4 See - Saw. (a) 4 Cr – O bonds are equivalent
ClF3 T - shaped (b) 6 Cr – O bonds are equivalent
BF3 Trigonal planar (c) All Cr – O bonds are equivalent
123. Number of lone pair(s) of electrons on central (d) All Cr – O bonds are not equivalent
atom and the shape of BrF3 molecule CG PET-22.05.2022
respectively, are Ans. (b) : The structure of the dichromate dianion
(a) 0, triangular planar (Cr2O7)2– is -
(b) 1, pyramidal
(c) 2,bent T-shape
(d) 1, bent T-shape
JEE Main-29.06.2022, Shift-II
Ans. (c) : The structure of the BrF3 is - In dichromate dianion (Cr2O7)2– has 6 Cr – O bonds are
equivalent due to resonance.
126. Among the given oxides of nitrogen; N2O,
N2O3, N2O4 and N2O5 the number of
compound/(s) having N – N bond is :
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
In BrF3, two lone pair of electron on central atom and JEE Main-28.06.2022, Shift-II
+ +
the shape of molecule is bent T-shape.
Ans. (c) : (i) N2O ⇒ N = N = O ↔ N ≡ N − O
124. Pair of species having identical shape for
molecule is: (ii) N2O4 ⇒
(a) CF4, SF4 (b) BF3, PCl3
(c) XeF2, CO2 (d) PF5, IF5
CG PET-22.05.2022
Ans. (c) : The structure of the following molecule are- (iii) N2O3 ⇒
(iv) N2O5 ⇒
Hence, the number of compound having N – N bond is 4.

127. In the structure of SF4 the lone pair of electrons Ans. (b) : The molecule which have in same plane is
on S is in. called coplanar.
(a) Equatorial position and there are two lone (i) CH4 (ii) BF3
o
pair-bond pair repulsion at 90
(b) Equatorial position and there are three lone
pair bond pair repulsion at 90o
(c) Axial position and there are three lone pair-
bond pair repulsion at 90o
(d) Axial position and there are two lone pair
bond pair repulsion at 90o
Ans. (a) : In structure of SF4 is (iii) PF3 (iv) NH3
Lone pair at equatorial position with two lone pair –

bond pair repulsion at 90.
128. The shape of XeF6 is
(a) Pentagonal bipyramidal In BF3 has trigonal planar structure it is coplanar all
(b) Square planar atom. Other are non planar.
(c) Octahedral 131. The species having pyramidal shape among the
(d) Distorted octahedral following is
WB JEE-2014
JIPMER-2011 (a) SO3 (b) NO3− (c) PCl 3 (d) CO32−
Karnataka CET-2016 (JEE Main 2021, 27 Aug. Shift-II)
AP- EAMCET(Medical) -2010 JIPMER-2007
AMU-2007, 2004, 2003 JCECE-2006
Ans. (d): For XeF6, the hybridization will be- J&K CET-1998
hybridization = lone pair +bond pair
Ans. (c) : The structure of the following molecule are
hybridization = 1+6 =7 (sp3d3)
Due to one lone pair, the geometry of XeF6 will be

distorted octahedral.
129. In XeF2, XeF4, XeF6 the number of lone paris
on Xe are respectively
(a) 2, 3, 1 (b) 1, 2, 3
(c) 4, 1, 2 (d) 3, 2, 1
BITSAT-2021, AMU-2015
Assam CEE-2014, AIEEE-2011, 2002
Ans. (d) : The structure of the following is – So, the PCl3 molecule has pyramidal shape.
(i) XeF2 (iii) XeF6 (ii) XeF4 132. Molecular shapes of SF4, CF4 and XeF4 and the
number of lone pairs on the central atom are
respectively
(a) the same, with 1,2 and 1
(b) the same, with 1, 0 and 1
2 bond pair + 6 bond pair + 4 bond pair + (c) different, with 0, 1 and 2
3 lone pair 1 lone pair 2 lone pair
In XeF2, XeF4 and XeF6, the number of lone pairs on Xe (d) different, with 1, 0 and 2
are 3, 2, 1 respectively. (e) the same, with 0, 0 and 1
130. In which molecule are all atoms coplanar? Kerala-CEE-2013, 2004
(a) CH4 (b) BF3 (c) PF3 (d) NH3 JCECE - 2008
WB JEE-2016, JIPMER-2007 UPTU/UPSEE-2007
CG PET -2005, J&K CET-2001, 1999 (AIEEE-2005)
Ans. (d) : The structure of the following are – (c) BH −4 and NH +4
(i) SF4 (ii) CF4 (iii) XeF4
(Td) (Td)
1 lone pair + 0 lone pair + 2 lone pair +
(d) PF6− and SF6
4 bond pair 4 bond pair 4 bond pair
(See-saw) (Tetrahedral) (Square planar)
133. The number of lone pairs of electrons possessed
by the central atom in the anionic species I3− is
(a) one (b) two (Oh) (Oh)
(c) three (d) all are bond pairs. Hence, the SiF4 and SF4 are not iso-structural.
AMU – 2008 136. Which of the following pairs is iso-structural?
(JEE Main 2021, 20 July Shift-I)
MHT CET-2012, JCECE - 2011 (a) XeF2, IF2− (b) NH3,BF3
Ans. (c) : There are two bond pairs and three lone pairs (c) CO32− , SO32− (d) PCl5,ICl5
in the outer shell of central atom. Tripura JEE-2019
AIEEE-2003
NEET-2001
Ans. (a) : The following pairs are iso-structural.
XeF2
134. Shape of XeF4 molecule is :

(a) Pyramidal (b) Square Planar
(c) Triangular Planar (d) Linear
Linear Linear
HP CET-2018, AMU-2015
J&K CET-2005 In XeF2 and IF2− both pair have iso-structural shape i.e
AIIMS-1998 linear and geometry is trigonal bipyramidal. The
Ans. (b): The shape of XeF4 is square planer. In Xe, hybridisation of pair of species is sp3d.
four fluorine atom is bonded by σ bond and two lone 137. The structure of H2O2 is
pairs is present. The hybridisation of XeF4 is sp3d2. (a) planar (b) non-planar
Shape of XeF4 molecule. (c) spherical (d) linear
AMU-2013, JCECE - 2005, NEET-2003
Ans. (b) : The structure of H2O2 is non-planar. One O –
O bond lying in a plane and two O – H bonds lying in
different plane. H2O2 has open book type structure.
135. Among the following, the pair in which the two
species are not isostructure, is
(a) SiF4 and SF4 (b) IO3− and XeO3
(c) BH −4 and NH +4 (d) PF6− and SF6 138. The shape of ClF3 molecule is
(a) triangular planar (b) pyramidal
AMU-2016 (c) T-shape (d) trigonal bipyramidal
UPTU/UPSEE-2007 Kerala CEE-2016, BCECE-2011
NEET-2004 J&K CET-2010
Ans. (a) : The structure of the following species – Ans. (c) : The shape of ClF3 is T-shaped.
(a) SiF4 and SF4
In ClF3 has 3 bond pair and two lone pair. The hybridisation
(Td) (see-saw) is sp3d. The shape is trigonal bipyramidal but two lone pairs
(b) IO3− and XeO3 repel to each other the shape became T-shape.
139. Which of the following statements is/are true?
1. PH5 and BiCl5 do not exist.
2. pπ – dπ bond is present in SO2.
3. I +3 has bent geometry.
(Pyramidal) (Pyramidal) 4. SeF4 and CH4 have same shape.
(a) 1, 2, 3 (b) 1, 3 (i) ICl−2 (ii) SbCl3
(c) 1, 3, 4 (d) 1, 2, 4
NEET-II-2016
BITSAT 2010
Ans. (a) : (i) PH5 and BiCl5 do not exist due to 'H' is 3 2
less electronegative, so it can't exrt charge contraction Trigonal bipyramidal (sp d) Trigonal planar (sp )
in 'p'. Hence, it does not extend its valency to 5. (iii) BeCl2 (iv) TeF2
(ii) pπ – dπ bond is present in SO2 due to sulphur is
belong to 3rd period element.
(iii) I3+ has bent geometry. Cl − Be − Cl
(iv) CH4 has tetrahedral and SeCl4 has see-saw shape.
Linear (sp)
143. Shape and hybridisation of SO2 are

(a) V shape, sp3 (b) triangular planar, sp2
2
sp3 (Td) see-saw (c) V shape, sp (d) tetrahedral, sp3
UP CPMT-2012, 2010
140. The shape of water molecule according to
VSEPR theory, is Ans. (c): In SO2, the number of hybrid orbitals
(a) octahedral 1
H= [V + Y – C + A ]
(b) distorted tetrahedral 2
(c) trigonal planar Where, V = number of valence electrons
(d) trigonal bipyramidal Y = monovalent species
MHT CET-2018 C and A = positive and negative charge over species
CG PET -2008 1
Ans. (b) : The shape of water molecule according to the ∴ H = [ 6 + 0 – 0 + 0] = 3
2
VSEPR theory is distorted tetrahedral due to in water Thus, hybridization is sp2.
molecule two lone pair are present and repeal to each Since, SO2 contains one lone pair of electrons its
other. geometry becomes V shape.
Distorted tetrahedral
141. CO2 in isostructural with 144. The shape of Fe(CO)5 molecule is
(a) SnC12 (b) SO2 (a) octaheral (b) trigonal bipyramidal
(c) HgC12 (d) All of these (c) trigonal (d)tetrahedral.
CG PET -2005 AMU-2004, BCECE-2012
NEET-1992 Ans. (b) : The shape of Fe(CO)5 molecule is trigonal
Ans. (c) : CO2 is a linear molecule which has sp bipyramidal.
hybridisation. The given compound are –
(i) (ii) (iii)

Hybridised orbitals: dsp3
145. Which one of the following conversion involve
change in both by hybridisation and shape?
(a) CH 4  → C2 H 6 (b) NH 3  → NH 4+
142. XeF2 is isostructural with :
(c) BF3  → BF4− (d) H 2 O → H3O +
(a) ICl−2 (b) SbCl3
Karnataka CET-2015
(c) BeCl2 (d) TeF2 BCECE-2014
Manipal-2019
NEET-2013 Ans. (c) : CH 4 → C H
2 6
sp3 sp3
Ans. (a) : The structure of XeF2 is CH4 and C2H6 both have sp3 hybridisation and
tetrahedral shape.
(ii) NH 3 → NH +4
sp3 sp3
+
NH3 and NH have sp3 hybridisation. But the shape of
4
Trigonal bipyramidal (sp3d) NH3 is pyramidal and shape of NH +4 is tetrahedral.

(iii) BF3 → BF4− 149. Molecular structures of XeO3 and XeOF4
2
sp 3
sp respectively are
2 − 3 (a) trigonal planar and octahedral
BF3 is sp hybridisation and BF4 has sp hybridisation
(b) pyramidal and square pyramidal
−
BF3 is trigonal planar and BF4 has tetrahedral. (c) pyramidal and trigonal bipyramidal
(iv) H 2 O → H 3O + (d) both have imperfect tetrahedral shape.
sp 3
sp 3 BCECE-2017, AMU-2015
H2O and H3O+ both have sp3 hybridisation. H2O is bent Ans. (b) : The structure of the following are –
shaped and H3O+ is pyramidal. (i) XeO3 (ii) XeOF4
146. Among the following species, correct set of iso
structural pairs are : NF3 , NO 3− , BF3 , H 3 O +
(a) (NF3 , NO3− ) and (BF3 , H 3 O + )
(b) (NF3 , H 3 O + ) and (NH 3 , BF3 ) Pyramidal Square pyramidal
+ – The central atom Xe both have one lone pair. In XeO3,
(c) (NF3 , H 3 O ) and (NO , BF3 )
3 has pyramidal and XeOF4 has square pyramidal.
(d) (NF3 , NH 3 ) and (NH 3– , H 3 O + ) 150. In which of the following pairs of
BCECE-2017, J&K CET-2000 molecules/ions both the species are not likely to
Ans. (c) : The structure of the following is– exists?
(i) NF3 (ii) H3O +
(a) H +2 , He 22− (b) H −2 , He22−
(c) H 22+ , He 2 (d) H −2 , He22+
Odisha NEET-2019, JEE Main-2013
1− 0
Ans. (c) : For H +2 = σ1s1 , B.O. = = 0.5
Pyramidal Pyramidal 2
(iii) NO3− (iv) BF3 0−0
For H 22+ = σ1s 0 , B.O. = =0
2
2 −1
For H −2 = σ1s 2 , σ*1s1 , B.O. = = 0.5
2
Trigonal planar Trigonal planar 2−0
For He 22+ = σ1s 2 , B.O. = =1
The correct set of iso-structural pairs are (NF3, H3O+) 2
and ( NO3− , BF3). 2−2
For He 2 = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , B.O. = =0
147. Which of the following exhibits square 2
pyramidal geometry? 4−2
For He 22− = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , B.O. = =1
(a) XeF6 (b) XeO3 2
(c) BrF5 (d) XeF4 Thus, the bond order of H 22+ and He2 are zero. Both
MHT CET-03.05.2019, SHIFT-I
pairs of molecules/ions are not likely to exist.
AMU – 2010
151. The number of species below that have two
Ans. (c) : XeF6 – Distorted octahedral
lone pairs of electrons in their central atom is ...
XeO3 – Pyramidal (Round off to the nearest integer)
BrF5 – Octahedral (Square pyramidal )
XeF4 – Square planar SF4 , BF3− ,CIF3 , AsF3 ,PCl 5 ,BrF5 , XeF4 ,SF6
148. According to VSEPR theory, the geometry of (a) 4 (b) 3
ammonia and water molecules will, (c) 2 (d) 5
respectively, be (JEE Main 2021, 18 March Shift-II)
(a) pyramidal and bent J&K CET-2011
(b) tetrahedral and pyramidal Ans. (c) :
(c) bent and pyramidal Species Bond pair Lone pair
(d) pyramidal and tetrahedral. SF4 4 1
AMU-2019, J&K CET-2012 BF3− 3 1
Ans. (a) : The geometry of ammonia (NH3) and water ClF3 3 2
(H2O) molecule are pyramidal and bent. Both have sp3 AsF3 3 1
hybridisation.
PCl5 5 0
(i) NH3 (ii) H2O
BrF5 5 1
XeF4 4 2
SF6 6 0
The two lone pair of electrons in their central atom is
Pyramidal Bent two.
152. Which of the following statements is correct? Ans. (c) :
(a) All carbon to carbon bonds contain a sigma
bond and one of more pi bonds
(b) All carbon to hydrogen bonds are pi bonds
(c) All oxygen to hydrogen bonds are hydrogen
bonds Fluorine atoms will be bent towards away from lone
(d) All carbon to hydrogen bonds are sigma pair to minimize the lone pair lone pair repulsions. Thus
bonds Shape would be that of a slightly bent T-Shape.
UPTU/UPSEE-2015, JCECE - 2005
Ans. (d) : Carbon and hydrogen form only σ-bond 157. The structure of XeOF4is
between them, hence, the all carbon to hydrogen bonds (a) Trigonal bipyramidal
are sigma bonds. (b) Square planar
(c) Square pyramidal
153. The shape of gaseous SnCl2 is
(d) Pyramidal
(a) tetrahedral (b) linear
J&K CET-2018
(c) angular (d) T-shape
AP EAMCET (Engg.) -2014
JIPMER-2017
MHT CET-2011 Ans. (c) : The structure of XeOF4 is square pyramidal
Ans. (c) : The central atom Sn has 4 valence electron
two are bonded with chlorine and one lone pair is
present. The three atomic orbitals of tin undergo
hybridisation to form three degenerate hybrid orbital.
The geometry of molecule is bent or angular.
154. XeF6 on partial hydrolysis gives a compound X,
which has square pyramidal geometry 'X' is
(a) XeO3 (b) XeO4 The hybridisation of XeOF4 is sp3d2
(c) XeOF4 (d) XeO2F2
158. Which one of the following is a planar
Kerala-CEE-29.08.2021 molecule?
Karnataka-CET-2021 (a) NH3 (b) H3O+
Ans. (c) : XeF6 on partial hydrolysis gives a compound (c) BCl3 (d) PCl3
XeOF4 which has square pyramidal geometry which is NEET-2005
given as follows - AP-EAMCET (Medical), 2003
XeF6 + H 2O → XeOF4 + 2HF Ans. (c) : The molecule’s are NH3, H3O+,BCl3 and
PCl3.
(Square pyramidal)
155. The incorrectly matched pair, among the
following is
Molecule Shape
(a) BrF5 Trigonal bipyramidal
(b) SF4 See saw
(c) ClF3 T-shape
(d) NH +4 Tetrahedral
(e) NH3 Trigonal pyramidal
Kerala-CEE-2014, 2012
Ans. (a) :
Molecule Shape
BrF5 Square pyramidal
SF4 See-saw
ClF3 T-shaped
NH +4 Tetrahedral
NH3 Trigonal pyramidal
156. According to VSEPR theory, the molecular 159. Number of non-bonding electron pair on Xe in
shape of BrF3 is XeF6, XeF4 and XeF2 respectively will be .......
(a) Trigonal bipyramid (b) Triangular (a) 6, 4, 2 (b) 1, 2, 3
(c) Bent T-shape (d) Pyramidal (c) 3, 2, 1 (d) 0, 3, 2
TS EAMCET 10.08.2021, Shift-I AMU-2013
AMU-2017 GUJCET-2011
Ans. (b): The structure is given as- Ans. (a):
Molecule Hybridization Shape
H 2O sp3
BCl3 sp2
NH +4 sp3
160. For N 3− which statement is wrong:

(a) lsoelectronic with CO2
(b) NH2OH and N 3− have same O.N. on nitrogen
atom. CH4 sp3
(c) N-N bond length are same.
(d) HN3 have linear shape.
AIIMS-27 May,2018 (M)
Ans. (d): The structure of N 3− is– 163. A pair of molecules with see-saw shape and
− + − linear shape, respectively, is
N=N=N (a) CH4 and SO3 (b) XeF4 and CS2
(i) N 3− is isoelectronic with CO2. (c) SF4 and C2H2 (d) CCl4 and CO2
TS-EAMCET (Engg.), 07.08.2021 Shift-II
(ii) NH2OH and N 3− have same O.N on nitrogen atom. J&K CET-2015
(iii) N–N bond length are same. Ans. (c) :
(iv) HN3 have bent structure. (a) CH4 and SO3
161. Match List I and List II and pick out correct
matching codes from the given choices:
List -I List- II
Compound Structure
A. CIF3 1. Square planar
B. PCl5 2. Tetrahedral
C. IF5 3. Trigonal bipyramidal (b) XeF4 and CS2
D. CCl4 4. Square pyramidal
E. XeF4 5. T- shaped
Codes
(a) A-5, B-4,C-3,D-2,E-1
(b) A-5,B-3,C-4,D-2,E-1
(c) A-5,B-3,C-4,D-1,E-2 (c) SF4 and C2H2
(d) A-4,B-3,C-5,D-2,E-1
AIIMS-2015
Kerala-CEE-2006
Ans. (b):
Compound Structure
(d) CCl4 and CO2
A. CIF3 T- shaped
B. PCl5 Trigonal bipyramidal
C. IF5 Square pyramidal
D. CCl4 Tetrahedral
E. XeF4 Square planar
162. Which one of the following is a correct set?
(a) H2O, sp3, angular Hence, correct option is (c).
(b) BCl3, sp3, angular 164. The shape of NH3 molecule is:
(c) NH +4 , dsp 2 , square planar (a) Tetrahedral (b) Trigonal planar
2 (c) Trigonal pyramidal (d) Linear
(d) CH 4 , dsp , tetrahedral
MHT-CET-2007
AP-EAMCET/2008, 2003 AIIMS-2001
+
Ans. (c): The shape of NH3 (ammonia) is trigonal 168. That is the electronic geometry of IF4 ?
pyramidal. In ammonia hydrogen atom is bonded with (a) Tetrahedral
nitrogen by 3σ bond and one lone pair present on (b) Octahedral
nitrogen. The hybridisation of NH3 is sp3. (c) Trigonal bipyramidal
(d) Trigonal planar
TS EAMCET 10.08.2021, Shift-I
Ans. (c) : The geometry of IF4+
The shape of NH3 molecule.

165. H–O–H bond angle in H2O is 104.5º and not
109º 28' because of:
(a) Lone pair-lone pair repulsion
(b) Lone pair-bond pair repulsion
(c) Bond pair-bond pair repulsion lone Pair Bond Pair Geometry 
(d) High electronegative of oxygen 
Note  0 5 Trigonal bipyramidal 
UP CPMT-2008  1 4 See − saw 
Ans.(a): According to the VSEPR theory-The 169. Match the following :-
interactions of lone pair-lone pair> lone pair-bond pair
> bond pair-bond pair. In H2O molecule, the bond angle Molecule Geometry
decreases due to lone pair-lone pair repulsion. (A) Xef2 (i) Trigonal Pyramidal
(B) XeO3 (ii) Distorted
octahedral
(C) XeF6 (iii) Linear
166. XeF2, NO2, HCN, ClO2, CO2 (D) XeOF4 (iv) Square pyramidal
Identify the non-linear molecule-pair from the (a) (A – iii), (B – i), (C – ii), (D – iv)
above mentioned molecules. (b) (A – iv), (B – iii), (C – ii), (D – i)
(a) XeF2, ClO2 (b) CO2, NO2 (c) (A – iii), (B – i), (C – iv), (D – ii)
(c) HCN, NO2 (d) ClO2, NO2 (d) (A – iv), (B – iii), (C – ii), (D – i)
WB-JEE-30.04.2022 AP EAPCET 24.08.2021, Shift-I
Ans. (d) : The structure of the following are- Ans. (a) :
(i) XeF2 (ii) NO2 (iii) HCN Molecule Hybridi- Structure
zation
(a) XeF2 sp3d
Linear Bent Linear

(iv) ClO2 (v) CO2
Therefore NO2 and ClO2 have non-linear molecule-pair. (b) XeO3 sp3
167. Molecular bromine on reaction with three
moles of molecular fluorine produces an inter
halogen compound. The total number of lone
pairs at the central halogen atom is ––––––
(a) 3 (b) 2
(c) 1 (d) 0 (c) XeF6 sp3d2
AP EAPCET 25.08.2021, Shift-II
Ans. (b) : Given, Molecular bromine is Br2 and three
moles molecular fluorine is 3F2 so the reaction is–
Br2(g) + 3F2(g) → 2BrF3
Structure of BrF3 is
(d) XeOF4 sp3d2
So the total number of lone pairs at the central halogen

atom is 2.
170. Incorrect matching amongst the following 174. Identify the incorrect statements among the
is____(according to geometry of molecules) following?
(a) H2O, NH3 (b) BeCl2, CO2 (i) SF6 does not react with water
(c) SF4, TeCl4 (d) CIF3, ICl3 (ii) SF6 is sp3d hybridized
AP EAPCET 20.08.2021 Shift-II
(iii) S2O32− is a linear ion
Ans. (a): H2O is V-shaped geometry and NH3 is
pyramidal geometry. (iv) There is no π - bonding in S24− ion
(a) (ii), (iii) & (iv) only (b) (i), (ii) & (iii) only
(c) (i) & (ii) only (d) (iii) & (iv) only
AP EAPCET 19-08-2021, Shift-II
Ans. (a) : SF6 is unreactive towards water because the
sulfur atom is shielded by six fluorine atom.
SF6 molecule has sp3d2 hybridisation.
BeCl2 and CO2 are linear geometry, SF4 are trigonal
bipyramidal geometry and ClF3, ICl3 are trigonal
pyramid geometry.
171. The structure of XeOF4 and XeO3, respectively,
are
(a) Square pyramidal and pyramidal
(b) Pentagonal planar and pyramidal Hence, the S2O32− has a tetra hedral structure not a
(c) Pentagonal pyramidal and planar linear molecule.
(d) Pentagonal bipyramidal and planar There is 1− π bond in S24− .
TS-EAMCET 09.08.2021, Shift-I
175. Match the following?
Ans. (a) : The molecular structure of XeOF4 and XeO3
are– Molecule Geometry
(a) SnCl2 (i) Angular (or) Bent
(b) XeF4 (ii) See-saw
(c) ClF3 (iii) Square pyramidal
(d) IF5 (iv) T - shape
(v) Square - planar
172. The shapes of BrF5 and XeF4, respectively are (a) (a - i), (b - iii), (c - iv), (d - v)
(a) square pyramid, square pyramid (b) (a - iv), (b - v), (c - i), (d - iii)
(b) square planar, square planar (c) (a - i), (b - v), (c - iv), (d - iii)
(c) square planar, square pyramid (d) (a - iv), (b - iii), (c - ii), (d - ii)
(d) square pyramid, square planar AP EAPCET 19-08-2021, Shift-II
TS-EAMCET (Engg.), 06.08.2021 Ans. (c) :
Ans. (d): Molecule Hybridization Shape
Molecule Hybridization Shape
1. SnCl2 sp2
BrF5 sp3d2
2. XeF4 sp3d2
XeF4 sp3d2
173. Amongst the following, the linear species is:
(a) N 3– (b) NO 2
(c) O3 (d) Cl 2 O 3. ClF3 sP3d
JEE Main 17.03.2021, Shift-II
Ans. (a) :The given species are N 3– , NO 2 , O3 , and Cl2 O.
4. IF5 sp3d2

176. Which of the following is not a correct (d)
statement?
(a) Every AB5 molecule has square pyramidal
structure
(b) Multiple bonds are always shorter than
corresponding single bonds
(c) The electron deficient molecules act as Lewis
Acids Hence, the option (a) is correct.
(d) The canonical structure have no real existence 179. A central atom in a molecule has two lone pairs
AP- EAPCET- 07-09-2021, Shift-I of electrons and forms three single bonds. The
Ans. (a) : The option (1) is not correct because AB5 shape of this molecule is
molecules have square pyramidal and triagonal (a) see-saw (b) Planar triangular
bipyramidal structure and other option is correct. (c) T-shaped (d) Trigonal pyramidal
177. In which of the following species, the central (JEE Main 2021, 17 March Shift-I)
atom has the maximum number of lone pair of Ans. (c) : A central atom in a molecule has two lone
electrons? pairs of electrons and forms three single bonds. The
(a) SF4 (b) XeF4 shape of this molecule is T-shaped.
− For example –
(c) C1O3 (d) I3−
AP- EAPCET- 07-09-2021, Shift-I
Ans. (d) : Structure of given compound is -
SF4 XeF4
180. Match List-I with List-II

List- I List-II
(A) PCl5 (i) Square pyramidal
ClO3 I 3– (B) SF6 (ii) Trigonal planar
(C) BrF5 (iii) Octahedral
(D) BF3 (iv) Trigonal
bipyramidal
Choose the correct answer from the options
given below -
So the option (d) is correct. (a) (A) - (iv), (B) - (iii), (C) -(ii), (D) - (i)
178. Which of the following are isostructural pairs? (b) (A) - (iv), (B) - (iii), (C) -(i), (D) - (ii)
A. SO42− and CrO 42− B. SiCl 4 and TiCl 4 (c) (A) - (ii), (B) - (iii), (C) -(iv), (D) - (i)
− (d) (A) - (iii), (B) - (i), (C) -(iv), (D) - (ii)
C. NH 3 and NO 3 D. BCl 3 and BrCl 3
NEET-2021
(a) A and B only (b) A and C only Ans. (b) :
(c) B and C only (d) C and D only List-I List-II
(JEE Main 2021, 24 Feb Shift-I) PCl5 Trigonal bipyramidal
Ans. (a) : The structure of the following are – SF6 Octahedral
(a) BrF5 Square pyramidal
BF3 Trigonal planar
–
181. In NO 3 ion, the number of bond pairs and lone
pairs of electrons on nitrogen atom are
(a) 2, 2 (b) 3, 1
(b) (c) 1, 3 (d) 4, 0
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 17.09.2020, Shift-II
Ans. (d) :
(c)
182. In which of the following molecule/ion, all the

bonds are not equal ?
(a) XeF4 (b) BF4−
(c) C2H4 (d) SF4
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 17.09.2020, Shift-II

Ans. (c) : In XeF4, BF4− and SF4 only one type of 186. Which of the following molecules can be
represented as AB2E2, where A-central atom, B-
covalent bonds are present, which are Xe—F, B—F and bond pairs of electrons, E-lone pairs of electrons?
Si—F respectively. (a) SO2 (b) H2O2
In C2H4, two types of covalent bonds are present, which (c) H2O (d) XeF2
are C = C and C—H, which are not equal for any AP EAMCET (Engg.) 18.09.2020, Shift-I
property. Ans. (c) :
Number of
Molecule Type A B E
: SO 2 ⇒ AB2 E S 4 1
183. How many lone pairs of electrons are present ɺɺ — OH ⇒ A 2 B3 E 4 O (2 3 4
in a hydroxyl ion ? H—O
ɺɺ atom)
(a) Two pairs (b) Three pairs O 2 2
H 2O ɺɺ : ⇒ AB2 E 2
(c) One pair (d) Four pairs
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 17.09.2020 Shift-I .. AB2 E 3 Xe 2 3
Ans. (b) : In hydroxyl ion, OH . . : F2 ⇒
: Xe
187. What is the shape of I3− ion ?

Number of lone pair of electrons = 3 (a) Trigonal (b) Linear
184. The geometry with respect to the central atom (c) Bent (d) Trigonal planar
of the molecules N(SiH3)3 - Me3N, (SiH3)3 P AP EAMCET (Engg.) 21.09.2020, Shift-II
respectively are Ans. (b) : I3− molecular geometry is linear. While there
(a) Planar, pyramidal, planar are three iodine atoms, one of the atoms has a negative
(b) planer, pyramidal, pyramidal charge which further gives 3 lone pairs of electrons and
(c) pyramidal, pyramidal, pyramidal 2 bond pairs.
(d) pyramidal, planar, pyramidal Hence, the correct option is (b).
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 17.09.2020 Shift-I 188. The number of 120º, Cl—P—Cl angles in
Ans. (b) : phosphorus pentachloride are
2p2 2a0 (a) 3 (b) 6
pπ(N)-dπ (Si)
H3Si .. .. H3Si (c) 9 (d) 1
N(SH3)3⇒ N SiH3 N SiH 3 ....... AP EAMCET (Engg.) 18.9.2020 Shift-I
H3Si Ans. (a) : Geometry and structure of phosphorus
has vacant H3Si (Trigonal planar)
pentachloride (PCl5) molecule is trigonal bipyramidal
3d-orbital
where P-atom is sp3 d-hybridised.
The 3Cl-atoms are present at equatorial positions with
Cl — P — Cl = 120º and two Cl - atoms are present at
axial positions with Cl— P — Cl = 90º.
185. When SbF5 reacts with XeF4 to for an adduct,

the shapes of cation and anion in the adduct 189. If AB4, molecule is a polar molecule, a possible
respectively are geometry of AB4 is
(a) Square pyramidal (b) Square planar
(a) square planar, trigonal bipyramidal
(c) Rectangular planar (d) Tetrahedral
(b) T-shaped, octahedral
(JEE Main 2020, 2 Sep. Shift-I)
(c) square pyramidal, octahedral
Ans. (a) : AB4 has three type of structure.
(d) plane triangular, trigonal bipyramidal
(i) If AB4 molecule is square pyramidal then it has one
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 18.09.2020, Shift-I lone pair. It should be polar because dipole moment of
Ans. (b) : In the reaction between XeF4 and SbF5, XeF4 lone pair.
acts as flouride (F–) donor.
ɺɺ  ⊕ [SbF ]
XeF4 + SbF5 → : XeF 3 6
Cation Anion
Hybridisation sp3d(Xe) sp3d2 (Sb)

Geometry Trigonal bipyramidal octahedral (ii) If AB4 molecule has tetrahedral then it has no lone
Shape T-shaped octahedral pair.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
It is non polar due to symmetrical. Reason is not the correct explanation of
(iii) If AB4 molecule is a square planar then it should be Assertion.
non polar because of vector sum of dipole moment is (c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
zero. (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are
incorrect.
190. The molecular geometry of SF6 is octahedral. Ans. (a): The structure of BO33− and SO32− is
What is the geometry of SF4 (including lone
pair(s) of electrons, if any)? (i) BO33− (ii) SO32 −
(a) Tetrahedral (b) Trigonal bipyramidal
(c) Pyramidal (d) Square planar
(JEE Main 2020, 2 Sep. Shift-II)
Ans. (b) : The molecular geometry of SF6 is
octahedral. The geometry of SF4 (including lone pair of
electron) is trigonal bipyramidal.
BO33− and SO32− are not isostructural because SO32−
sulphur has one lone pair of electron.
194. Select the correct statement regarding shapes
of PCl5, BrF5 & IF7:
191. The structure of PCl5 in the solid state is (a) All are square pyramidal.
(b) All are trigonal bipyramidal.
(a) Tetrahedral [ PCl 4 ] and octahedral [ PCl 6 ]
+ −
(c) One of the following is square pyramidal.
(b) Trigonal bipyramidal (d) One of the following is tetrahedral.
(c) Square planar [ PCl 4 ] and octahedral
+
Ans. (c): The structure of these molecules are –
[ PCl 6 ]
−
(i) PCl5 (ii) BrF5
(d) Square pyramidal
Ans. (a) : In solid PCl5 exists as PCl +4 and PCl6− as the
ionic bonding enhances the crystalline nature. PCl +4 is
tetrahedral while PCl6− is octahedral which gives more
stability to solid structure.
(iii) IF7
192. Incorrectly matched pair is Hence, BrF5 molecule has square pyramidal shape.
(a) XeO3 pyramidal 195. When Ag+ reacts with excess of sodium-thio
(b) XeF4 tetrahedral sulphate then the obtained species having
(c) XeF6 disorted octahedral charge & geometry respectively will be?
(d) XeOF4 square pyramidal (a) –3, Linear (b) –2, tetrahedral
Karnataka-CET-2020 (c) –1, square planer (d) –3, square planar
Ans. (b) : AIIMS 25 May 2019 (Morning)
Molecule Geometry Ans. (a): AgBr + 2Na2S2O3 → Na3 [Ag (S2O3)2] + NaBr
XeO3 Pyramidal the coordination number of Ag+ is 2 it is sp
XeF4 Square planar hybridisation and shape is linear.
XeF6 Disorted octahedral 196. The number of species having zero lone pair at
XeOF4 Square pyramidal central atom is?
193. Assertion: BO3 and SO32 − are not isostructural.
3− XeO3, XeO2F2, XeO4, XeO3F2
(a) 2 (b) 3
Reason: In SO32− sulphur has one lone pair of (c) 4 (d) Zero
electron. AIIMS 25 May 2019 (Morning)
Ans. (a): The structure of the following species – Ans. (c) :
(i) XeO3 (ii) XeO2F2 (iii) XeO4 Molecule Geometry
SO32− Pyramidal
NO −2 V-shaped
ClO −4 Tetrahedral
NH3 Pyramidal
(iv) XeO3F2 200. Which of the following pair contains 2 lone pair
of electrons on the central atom?
(a) I3+ , H 2 O (b) H2O, NF3
(c) XeF4, NH3 (d) SO 24 − , H 2S
Karnataka-CET-2019
Ans. (a) :
The molecule XeO4 and XeO3F2 having zero lone pair Molecule Bond pair Lone pair
at central atom and number of species are two. I3+ 2 2
197. Assertion: SF4 molecule has see-saw geometry. H 2O 2 2
Reason: In SF4 molecule sulphur has four bond NF3 3 1
pairs and one lone pair. XeF4 4 2
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and NH3 3 1
Reason is the correct explanation of 2−
SO 4 4 0
Assertion. H 2S 2 2
Reason is not the correct explanation of Therefore, I3+ , H2O pair contains 2 lone pair of
Assertion. electrons on the central atom.
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. 201. The number of π-bonds and σ-bonds present in
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are naphthalene are respectively
incorrect. (a) 6, 19 (b) 5, 19
AIIMS 26 May 2019 (Morning) (c) 5, 11 (d) 5, 20
Ans. (a): The structure of SF4 molecule is – Karnataka-CET-2019
Ans. (b) :
The structure of naphthalene is
SF4 molecule has see-saw geometry and in SF4

molecule sulphur has four bond pairs and one lone pair. The number of π-bonds and σ-bond present in
198. Which of the following is incorrect about naphthalene are 5 π-bond and 19 σ-bond respectively.
cyanogens gas? 202. According to the VSEPR theory, the shape of
(a) It has bent structure ClO3− would be
(b) It is psuedohalogen
(c) It's behaviour is similar to halides (a) Linear (b) Triangular planar
(d) Both carbon are sp hybridized (c) Pyramidal (d) Square planar
AIIMS 26 May 2019 (Morning) (e) Angular
Kerala-CEE-2019
Ans. (a): The molecular formula of cyanogens gas is −
(CN)2 . The structure of (CN)2 is Ans. (c) : The shape of Cl O3 would be pyramidal
N ≡ C− C ≡ N
sp sp
The hybridisation of cyanogen gas is sp . It has a bent

structure.
199. Which of the following is correct?
(a) SO32 ⇒ Tetrahedral 203. What is the shape and magnetic nature of
permanganate ion?
(b) NO 2– ⇒ Trigonal planar (a) Pyramidal diamagnetic
(c) ClO 4 ⇒ Tetrahedral
– (b) Tetrahedral, diamagnetic
(c) Tetrahedral, paramagnetic
(d) NH 3 ⇒ Trigonal planar (d) Planar, paramagnetic
JIPMER-2019 MHT CET-03.05.2019, SHIFT-I
Ans. (b) : The shape of permanganate ion ( MnO −4 ) 207. Which of the following is the correct according
increasing order of lone pair of electrons on the
central atom?
(a) IF7 < IF5 < ClF3 < XeF2
(b) IF7 < XeF2 < ClF2 < IF5
Tetrahedral (sp3) (c) IF7 < ClF3 < XeF2 < IF5
In permagnate ion there is no unpaired electron, it is (d) IF7 < XeF2 < IF5 < ClF3
diamagnetic. BITSAT 2018
204. In ClF2- and ClF4- find out the number of lone Ans. (a) : The number of lone pairs of electrons on
pair and shape. central atom in various given species are
(a) 3-Linear, 2-Square planar Species Number of lone pairs on central atom
(b) 3-Squared planar, 2- Linear IF7 nil
(c) 0-Linear, 3-Square planar IF5 1
(d) 2-Linear, 2-Square planar ClF3 2
AIIMS-27 May,2018 (M) XeF2 3
Thus the correct increasing order is
Ans. (a): The structure of the molecule is –
IF7 < IF5 < ClF3 < XeF2
0 1 2 3
(i) ClF2- (ii) ClF4- 208. What is the hybridization and geometry off
given species? The species are XeF2 and ICl 2−
(a) sp3d and trigonal bipyramidal
(b) sp3d2 and square planar
(c) sp3d and linear
(d) sp3 and irregular tetrahcdron
J & K CET-(2018)
Ans. (a) : The given species are –
Hence, in ClF2- and ClF4- number of lone pair and
shape are 3-linear, 2- square planar respectively.
205. Which contains alteast one e- in σ2p bonding MO?
(a) O2 (b) B2
(c) C2 (d) Li2
AIIMS-26 May,2018 (E) The hybridisation = Bond pair + lone pair
Ans. (a): (i) Molecular orbital of O2 is For XeF2, Hybridisation = 2 + 3 = 5 (sp3d)
= σ1s , σ 1s , σ2s , σ 2s , σ2p z , π2p x = π2p y ,
2 * 2 2 * 2 2 2 2
For ICl−2 , Hybridisation = 2 + 3 = 5 (sp3d)
π* 2p1x = π* 2p1y The geometry of the given species is trigonal
bipyramidal and the shape is linear.
(ii) MO of B2 = = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , π2p1x = π2p1y 209. What will be the geometry of the compound
(iii) MO of C2 = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , MB4L2? Here B is bond pair and L is lone pair.
(a) Square planar (b) Octahedral
(iv) MO of Li2 = = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 (c) Square pyramid (d) Tetrahedral
Therefore, O2 contains at least one e– in σ2p bonding MO. J & K CET-(2018)
206. Structure anions of acids, HNO3, H3PO4 and Ans. (a) : The given compound MB 4 2.
L
H2SO4 are respectively Where, B = Bond pair
(a) tetrahedral, tetrahedral and trigonal L = Lone pair
bipyramidal Geometry of the compound will be octahedral with two
(b) angular, tetrahedral and trigonal bipyramidal lone pairs. Hence, the structure is square planar.
(c) tetrahedral, tetrahedral and angular
(d) planar, tetrahedral and tetrahedral
AMU-2018
Ans. (d) : The structure of the following are – 210. For the dot structure shown, the most likely
(i) HNO3 (ii) H3PO4 (iii) H2SO4 elements X = … and Y = … are
Trigonal planar Tetrahedral Tetrahedral

(a) carbon, flourine (b) carbon, hydrogen 214. IF7 is known to exist while BrF7 does not exist
(c) carbon, oxygen (d) oxygen, carbon the reason is.
JIPMER-2018 (a) stability of higher oxidation state increases
Ans. (a) : X is a tetravalent without lone pair, Y has with the size
three lone pairs and one bond pair. X is carbon can (b) Br is more electronegative than I
make maximum 4 bonds as its valency is 4 and Y has (c) Br cannot gain 7 electrons
fluorine has total 7 electron in valence shell. Out of that (d) I can easily react with F.
1 electron has gone for bonding. J & K CET-(2017)
211. Which of the following does not depend on the Ans. (a) : The size of halogen on moving down the
attraction of the bonding pair towards the group is increases. The interhalogen compound that is
nucleus ? formed when there is large electronegativity difference
(a) The number of protons in the nucleus between two halogens and also there is large difference
(b) The repulsion by the electrons in the same between sizes of the halogens atoms. Seven small
valence shell fluorine atoms are able to accommodate around a large
(c) The amount of sheieding by inner shell iodine atom but seven fluorine atoms are not
electron accommodate around a bromine atom due to electronic
(d) The distance from the nucleus repulsion between the fluorine atoms and stability of
UPTU/UPSEE-2018 higher oxidation state increases with the size.
Ans. (b) : The repulsion by the electrons in the same
valence shell does not depend on the attraction of the 215. Which of the following is correct electron dot
bonding pair towards the nucleus because of electrons structure of N2O molecule?
are identical in charge. The repulsion is minimised if the (a) (b)
two electron are far apart as possible.
212. The Lewis structure for O3 molecule is given (c) (d)
below. The correct formal charges on oxygen Karnataka-CET-2017
atoms labeled 1, 2, 3 are respectively.
Ans. (b) : N2O is known as nitrous oxide. It commonly
name is laughing gas. At room temperature it is a
colourless non flammable gas and has a slightly sweet
scent and taste. Nitrous oxide is a powerful oxidiser.
(a) – 1, 0, + 1 (b) + 1, 0, – 1 The dot structure of N2O molecule –
(c) + 1, – 1, 0 (d) 0, + 1, – 1
AP EAMCET-2017
Ans. (a): 216. Which of the following structure of a molecule
is expected to have three bond pairs and one
lone pair of electrons?
(a) Octahedral (b) Trigonal planar
Formal charge (F.C) = Number of valence electron- (c) Pyramidal (d) Tetrahedral
1 Karnataka-CET-2017
[no. of lone pair + no. of bond pair] Ans. (c) : Pyramidal structure of a molecule is expected
2
For O(1) = 6 – (6 + 1) = –1 to have three bond pairs and one lone pair of electrons.
O(2) = 6 – (4 + 2) = 0 e.g.– NH3 (ammonia) molecule one electron pair
O(3) = 6 – (2 + 3) = + 1 geometry is tetrahedral and molecular shape is
Hence option (a) is correct. pyramidal.
213. The species having pyramidal shape according 217. Which of the following pairs of compounds is
to VSEPR theory is isoelectronic and iso-structural?
(a) SO3 (b) BrF3 (a) TeI2, XeF2 (b) IBr2–, XeF2
(c) IF3, XeF2 (d) BeCl2, XeF2
(c) SiO32 − (d) OSF2
NEET-2017
TS EAMCET-2017 −
Ans. (d) : The structure of the species is – Ans. (b) : The compound IBr2 and XeF2 are
(i) SO3 (ii) BrF3 isostructural both have the same number of valence
electrons. According to VSEPR geometry is trigonal
bipyramidal but the shape are XeF2 and IBr2− is linear.
Isoelectronic species have same number of electron.
Trigonal planar Trigonal bipyramidal 218. Which one of the following has (have)
(iii) SiO32 − (iv) OSF2 octahedral geometry?
(i) SbCl6− (ii) SnCl62−
(iii) XeF6 (iv) IO56−
(a) (i) (ii) and (iv) (b) (ii) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i) (ii) and (iii) (d) All of these
Trigonal planar Pyramidal UPTU/UPSEE-2017

Ans. (a) The geometry of the following molecule – 222. Which of the following statements is false?
(i) SbCl6− (ii) SnCl62− 1. Non- bonding pairs occupy more space than
bonding pairs.
2. The bonding orbitals in trigonal bipyramidal
molecule are described
3. SnCl2 has linear shape.
4. PCl4+ and AlCl4- are isoelectronic.
Octahedral Octahedral (a) 1 (b) 2
(iii) XeF6 (iv) IO56− (c) 3 (d) 4
CG PET- 2016
Ans. (c) : (i) Non-bonding pairs occupy more space
than bonding pairs.
(ii) The bonding orbitals in trigonal bipyramidal
molecule.
Distorted octahedral Octahedral (iii) SnCl2 is V-shaped.
Hence, the SbCl6 , SnCl26− and IO56−
−
have the
octahedral geometry.
219. The shape of XeF5− will be
(a) square pyramid (iv) PCl +4 and AlCl −4 are isoelectronic.
(b) trigonal bipyramidal 223. The central atom of which one of the following
(c) planar molecules, has 3 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs of
(d) pentagonal bipyramid electrons in its valence shell?
WB-JEE-2017 (a) Boron trifluoride
Ans. (c) : The shape of XeF5− is– (b) Phosphorous trichloride
(c) Chlorine trifluoride
(d) Xenon trioxide
J & K CET-(2016)
Ans. (c) :
The XeF5− show Sp3d3 hybridisation and geometry is Molecule Bond pair Lone pair
pentagonal bipyramidal . Boron trifluoride 3 0
(BF3)
8 + 5 +1
Number of electron pair = =7 Phosphorous 3 1
2 trichloride (PCl3)
Number of bond pair is five and two lone pair. As lone
pairs are present axially to minimize the repulsion Chlorine 3 2
Therefore, the shape is planar. trifluride (ClF3)
220. XeO4 molecule is tetrahedral having: Xenon trioxide 3 1
(XeO3)
(a) Two pπ−dπ bonds (b) One pπ−dπ bonds
(c) Four pπ−dπ bonds (d) Three pπ−dπ bonds 224. Which of the following pairs of ions is
isoelectronic and is isostructural?
AIIMS-2016
Ans. (c): XeO4 molecule have tetrahedral structure and (a) CO32− , NO3− (b) ClO3− ,CO32−
hybridization is sp3. In the fourth excited state of xenon (c) SO32− , NO3− (d) ClO3− ,SO32−
atom has 8 unpaired electrons. One s and three p–orbital NEET-II 2016
undergoes sp3 hybridisation. Four sp3 hybrid orbitals
form four σ bonds with oxygen atom. Four pπ– dπ Ans. (a) :
bonds are also formed with oxygen atoms by the Ion No. of electron Structure
unpaired electron. CO32− 32 Trigonal planar
221. In which of the following molecules, maximum NO3− 32 Trigonal planar
number of lone pairs is present on the central −
atom? ClO 3 42 Pyramidal
(a) NH3 (b) H2O 2−
SO 3 58 Pyramidal
(c) ClF3 (d) XeF2
Note : ClO3− and SO32− is isostructural but not
AP-EAMCET – 2016
Ans. (d) : isoelectronic.
225. The molecule C3O2 has a linear structure, This
compound has
(a) 2σ and 3π bonds (b) 3σ and 4π bonds
(c) 4σ and 4π bonds (d) 3σ and 2π bonds
UPTU/UPSEE-2016
Thus, XeF2 has maximum lone pair present on central Ans. (c) : The molecule C3O2 has a linear. The structure
atom. of the compound are –
O=C=C=C=O 230. Match the following.
sp sp sp
List I List II
In C3O2 have 4σ and 4π bond, and hybridisation of each (A) PCl 3 (I) Square planar
carbon has sp and angle is 1800. (B) BF3 (II) T-shape
226. The structure of XeF2 and NH3 respectively are (C) ClF3 (III) Trigonal pyramidal
(a) linear, see-saw (b) bent, see-saw (D) XeF4 (IV) See-saw
(c) bent, tetrahedral (d) linear, pyramidal
(V) Trigonal planar
UPTU/UPSEE-2016
(A) (B) (C) (D)
Ans. (d) : The structure of XeF2 and NH3 are – (a) (IV) (II) (I) (III)
(i) XeF2 (ii) NH3 (b) (III) (V) (II) (IV)
(c) (III) (V) (II) (I)
(d) (II) (IV) (III) (V)
TS-EAMCET-2016
Linear (sp3d) Pyramidal (sp3) Ans. (c) :
227. The number of lone pair (s) of electrons on the
central atom in [BrF4 ]− , XeF6 and [SbCl6]3–are,
respectively
(a) 2, 1 and 1 (b) 2, 1 and 0
(c) 2, 0 and 1 (d) 1, 0 and 0
UPTU/UPSEE-2016
Ans. (a) : The structure of the compound are –
Similarly,
(i) [BrF4 ]− (ii) XeF6 (iii) [SbCl6 ]3−
2 lone pair + 1 lone pair + 1 lone pair +

4 bond pair 6 bond pair 6 bond pair
(Square planar) (Distorted (Distorted
octohedral) octahedral)
228. The structure of carboxylate ion is best
represented as
(a) (b)
231. Assertion: Lone pair- lone pair repulsive

(c) (d) interaction are greater than lone pair- bond
pair and bond pair- bond pair interactions.
UPTU/UPSEE-2016
Reason: The space occupied by lone pair
Ans. (d): The name carboxyl comes from the fact that a electrons is more as compared to bond pair
carbonyl and hydroxyl group are attached to the same
electrons.
carbon. In carboxylic acid hydrogen is removed then
form carboxylate ion. (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
the Reason is the correct explanation of
O O
|| || Assertion
R − C − OH → −H +
R − C − O− (b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
The hybridization of carbon in carboxylate ion is sp2 Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
229. The geometry around the central atom in ClF4+ is (c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
(a) Octahedral (b) Trigonal bipyramidal (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect
(c) Square planar (d) Square pyramidal AIIMS-12016
UPTU/UPSEE-2016 Ans. (a): Lone pair are localised on the central atom,
Ans. (b): The geometry around the central atom in each bonded pair is shared between two atoms. As a
ClF4+ is trigonal bipyramidal. result, the lone pair electrons in a molecule occupy
more space as compare to the bonding pairs of
electrons.
Hence, the greater repulsion between lone pairs-lone
pair of electron as compared to lone pair-bond pair and
bond pair-bond pair repulsions.

232. The structure of IF5 can be described as Ans. (c) :
• Diamond and silicon carbide both are iso structural
because their central atom is sp3 hybridised and
(a) (b) tetrahedral geometry.
• NH3 and PH3 both the isostructural because central
atom is sp3 hybridised and pyramidal shape.
• XeF4 has sp3d2 hybridisation while XeO4 has sp3
hybridisation. So, XeF4 and XeO4 are not
isostructural.
(c) (d) None of these • SiCl4 and PCl +4 both have isostructural and central
atom is sp3 hybridised and shape is tetrahedral.
JCECE - 2015 236. The number of lone pairs of electrons on the
Ans. (c) : Number of hybrid orbitals central atoms of H2O, SnCl2, PCl3 and XeF2
= number of bp + number of lp respectively, are
=5+1=6 (a) 2, 1, 1, 3 (b) 2, 2, 1, 3
Thus, hybridisation is sp3d2 but geometry due to the (c) 3, 1, 1, 2 (d) 2, 1, 2, 3
presence of one lone pair is square pyramidal. WB-JEE-2015
Ans. (a) :
Species Bond pair Lone Pair
H 2O 2 2
SnCl2 2 1
PCl 3 3 1
233. Number of oxygen atoms shared per SiO 44− XeF 2 3
2
tetrahedron is 237. What are the shapes of ethyne and methane?
I. two dimensional sheet structured silicates (a) Square planar and linear
II. cyclic silicates and
(b) Tetrahedral and trigonal planar
III. single strand chain silicates respectively are
(c) Linear and tetrahedral
(a) 3, 3, 2 (b) 3, 2, 2
(c) 4, 3, 1 (d) 4, 3, 2 (d) Trigonal planar and linear
JIPMER-2015 AP EAMCET (Engg.) -2014
Ans. (b) : In two dimensional sheet silicate three Ans. (c) : The shape of ethyne and methane are linear
4− and tetrahedral respectively.
oxygens of each SiO 4 units are shared. Therefore, it
(i) Ethyne (C2H2) (ii) Methane (CH4)
contains (Si 2 O5 )2n− type anion. Cyclic silicates are
H
obtained by sharing of two oxygen atoms of each |
H−C ≡ C−H
SiO 44− tetrahedron. Chain silicates are also formed by C
|
|
(linear) H | H
the sharing of two oxygen atom of each SiO 44− unit.
H
234. Which of the following will be able to show
geometrical isomerism? (Tetrahedral)
(a) MA3B – square planar 238. The structure of XeOF4 is
(b) MA2B2–tetrahedral (a) trigonal bipyramidal (b) square planar
(c) MABCD–square planar (c) square pyramidal (d) pyramidal
(d) MABCD– tetrahedral AP-EAMCET (Engg.) - 2014
Karnataka-CET-2015 Ans. (c) : Hybridisation of XeOF4 is sp3d2. Structure of
Ans. (c) : In tetrahedral and square planar XeOF4 is given below–
arrangements, only the square planar arrangement will
be able to show geometrical isomerism. In MA3B all the
arrangement will be same. Therefore, it will show no
geometrical isomerism. Square planar complex MABCD
type form three isomers i.e. two cis and one trans.
Note : Tetrahedral complexes do not show geometrical The central Xe atom has 1 lone pair 3 2
of electrons and 5
isomerism because ligand are attached to central metal bonding domains. It undergoes sp d hybridization the
atom are same with respect to each other. electron pair geometry is octahedral and the molecular
235. In which of the following pairs, both the species shape is square pyramid.
are not isostructral? 239. The structure of CH3+ is
(a) Diamond, silicon carbide (b) NH3, PH3 (a) tetrahedral (b) linear
(c) XeF4, XeO4 (d) SiCl4, PCl+4 (c) planar (d) pyramidal
NEET-2015 Assam CEE-2014
Ans. (c) : The structure of CH 3+ is – (iii) NO −2 (iv) CO2
O=C=O
Trigonal planar
Bent Linear
In CH 3+ the structure is trigonal planar and It the sp2 hybridisation are triangular planar shape. In
hybridisation is sp2 and the bond angle is 120°. NO3− has sp2 hybridised with no lone pair of electron on
240. What is the geometrical shape of XeO3 ? the central atom.
(a) Planar triangular (b) Trigonal pyramidal
(c) Square planar (d) Tetrahydral 244. Which of the following molecules possesses
GUJCET-2014 linear geometry?
Ans. (b) : The structure XeO3 is – (a) XeF 2 (b) XeF4
(c) XeOF4 (d) XeF6
UP CPMT-2014
Ans. (a) : XeF2 ⇒2bp+4lp Thus, geometry linear.
XeF4 ⇒ 4bp+2lp square planar
The geometrical shape of XeO3 is trigonal pyramidal. XeOF4 ⇒ 5bp+1lp square pyramid
The hybridisation of XeO3 is sp3. XeF6 ⇒ 6bp + 1lp distorted octahedral
241. The pair of compounds having identical shapes 245. Identify the correct set.
for their molecules is
(a) CH4, SF4 (b) BCl3, ClF3 Molecule Hybridi Shape Number of
(c) XeF2, ZnCl2 (d) SO2, CO2 -sation lone pairs
Karnataka-CET-2014 of
electrons
Ans. (c) : 3 2
Molecule Shape (a) XeO 4 sp d pyramidal 1
3
CH4 Tetrahedral (b) XeO 3 sp pyramidal 1
SF4 See-saw (c) XeF4 sp3d2 planar 3
BCl3 Trigonal planar (d) XeF2 sp3d linear 2
ClF3 T-shaped AP EAMCET (Medical) - 2013
XeF2 Linear Ans. (b) : The chemical compounds are XeO4, XeO3,
ZnCl2 Linear
XeF4 and XeF2.
SO2 V-shaped
CO2 Linear
242. What is the geometry of molecule of bromine
penta fluoride?
(a) Square planar (b) Trigonal bipyramidal
(c) Squre pyramidal (d) Octahedral Hybridisation sp3 sp3 sp3d2 sp3d
MHT CET-2014
Shape Tetrahedral Pyramidal Square planer Linear
Ans. (d) : The geometry of bromine pentafluoride
(BrF5) is octahedral– Lone pair 0 1 2 3
246. Among the following groups which represents
the collection of isoelectronic species?
(a) NO + ,C 22− ,O −2 ,CO (b) N 2 ,C 22− ,CO, NO
The bromine pentafluride 5 are bond pair and one lone (c) CO, NO + ,CN − ,C 22− (d) NO,CN − , N 2 ,O −2
pair present so, the shape is square pyramidal. AIIMS-2013
243. Which one of the following species has planar Ans. (c): Isoelectronic speices haring the same number
triangular shape? of electrons.
(a) N 3− (b) NO3– NO+ = 7+7=14
–
(c) NO2 (d) CO2 C 22− = 2×6+2=14
NEET-2014
Ans. (b) : The structure of the following are – O −2 = 2×8+1=17
(i) N 3− (ii) NO3− CO = 6+8 = 14
N2 = 2×7= 14
NO = 7 + 8 = 15
− + CN– = 6 + 7 + 1 = 14
N− N ≡ N O2= 2×8=16
Linear Triangular shape Hence, the option (c) has isoelectronic species.

247. Ans. (b) : The structure of the following are-
Molecule Hybridisation Shape (i) I3− (ii) NO −2 (iii) I3+
of central
atom
(a) PCl5 dsp3 square
pyramidal
(b) 2− tetrahedral
 Ni ( CN ) 4  sp3 (Linear) (Bent) (Pyramidal)
(c) SF6 octahedral (iv) SO2 (v) N 3–
sp3d 2
(d) IF3 dsp3 pyramidal
Identify the correct set.
AP-EAMCET (Engg.) 2013 − + −
N =N = N
Ans. (c) : (Bent) Linear
Molecule hybridisation Shape – –
Hence, I and N have linear structure.
of central 3 3
atom 251. Consider the following molecules/ions:

PCl5 sp3d Trigonal bipyramidal (1) NH +4 (2) H3O+
2–
[Ni(CN)4] dsp2 Square planar (3) NH3 (4) SiCl4
SF6 sp3d2 Octahedral Which pair does not contain a lone pair ?
IF3 sp3d T-shaped (a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 3
248. Which of the following will have the shape of a (c) 1 and 4 (d) 2 and 4
trigonal bipyramid? SCRA 2012
+
(a) PF3Cl2 (b) IF5 Ans. (c) : The molecules NH 4 and SiCl4 does not
(c) BrF5 (d) SbF52 − contain a lone pair.
CG PET- 2013 Molecules/ions Lone pair
Ans. (a) : The shape of the following species is – 0
(a) PF3Cl2 (b) IF5
1
Trigonal bipyramidal Square pyramidal
(c) BrF5 (d) SbF52−
Square pyramidal Square pyramidal

So, PF3Cl2 has trigonal bipyramidal and other are
square pyramidal. 0
2 3
249. d sp hybridisation of the atomic orbitals gives
(a) square planer structure
(b) triangular structure
(c) tetrahedral structure
(d) octahedral structure 252. The shape of ClO −2 according to valence shell
Karnataka-CET-2013 electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory will be
Ans. (d) : When one s and three p and two d-orbitals (a) Planar triangle (b) Angular
3 2 (c) Tetrahedral (d) Square planar
mixed together to form a six new equivalent sp d or
d2sp3 hybrid orbitals. The type of hybridisation d2sp3 or AIIMS-2012
sp3d. The structure atomic orbitals is octahedral. Ans. (b): The shape of ClO −2
250. Which one of the following have linear
structure?
(I) I 3– (II) NO -2 (III) I +3 (IV) SO2
(V) N -3
The shape of ClO −2 has angular according to valence
(a) I, II and III (b) I and V
shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory. The
(c) II, III and IV (d) All of these − 3
UPTU/UPSEE-2013 hybridization of ClO 2 is sp .
253. In which of the following pairs, the two species 256. Which one of the following statements
are not isostructural? regarding ammonia is not correct?
(a) CO32− and NO3− (b) PCl +4 and SiCl 4 (a) NH3 has sp2 hybridization
(b) NH3 acts as a Lewis base
(c) PF5 and BrF5 (d) AlF63− and SF6
(c) NH3 gas is highly soluble in water
(AIEEE-2012) (d) NH3 is pyramidal in shape
Ans. (c) : The two species are not isostructural is PF5 UP CPMT-2012
and BrF5. PF5 is trigonal bipyramidal and BrF5 square 3
pyramidal structure. Ans. (a) : Ammonia molecule is sp hybridised. It is
trigonal pyramidal with the nitrogen atom at the apex.
Due to the presence of one lone pair of electrons its
shape becomes trigonal pyramidal from tetrahedral.
257. In which of the following pairs, the central
atoms have the same number of lone pairs of
electrons?
254. Which of the following molecules has trigonal (a) PCl5 , BrF5 (b) XeF2 , ICl
planar geometry? −
(a) IF3 (b) PCl3 (c) XeF4 ,ClO 4 (d) SCl 4 ,CH 4
(c) NH3 (d) BF3 AP-EAMCET- (Engg.)-2011
JCECE - 2012 Ans. (b) : XeF2 and ICl have the central atoms are Xe
Ans. (d) : (a) IF3 has bent-T geometry and I respectively have the same number of lone pairs
of electrons.
(b) PCl3 has pyramidal geometry

258. The hybridisation of Xe and the number of lone
pairs of electrons on it in XeF6 are
(a) sp3d 2 ,1 (b) sp3d 3 , 2
(c) NH3 has pyramidal geometry (c) sp3d 2 , 2 (d) sp3d 3 ,1
AP-EAMCET- (Engg.)-2011
Ans. (d) :
(d) BF3 has trigonal planer geometry

F
F B
F XeF6 has distorted octahedral structure. The
(µ = 0) hybridisation of Xe is sp3d3 and present one lone pair.
255. The C—H bond and C—C bond in ethane are 259. A σ bonded molecule MX3 is T-shaped. The
formed by which of the following types of number of non bonded pair of electrons is
overlap? (a) 0
(a) sp2 - s and sp2-sp2 (b) sp-s and sp-sp (b) 2
(c) p-s and p-p (d) sp3-s and sp3- sp3 (c) 1
Karnataka-CET-2012 (d) can be predicted only if atomic number is
Ans. (d) : In ethane the structure is – known
BITSAT 2011
Ans. (b) : For T-shape geometry the molecule must
have 3 bonded pair and 2 lone pair of electrons.
260. Pick out the iso-electronic structures from the
following
3
In ethane C atom are sp hybridised and attached with CH 3+ ; H 3 O + ; NH 3 ; CH 3−
single sigma bond. I II III IV
The H atoms are 1s to form σ-bond. The C–H bond and (a) I and II (b) I and II
C–C bond in ethane are formed by sp3–s and sp3–sp3 (c) I and IV (d) II,III and IV
overlap. CG PET- 2011
Ans. (d) : The structure of given compound are – Ans. (d) : Formal charge decided the lowest energy
(i) CH 3+ (ii) H3O+ structure from a number of possible Lewis structure is
given species.
Formal charge = Total no. of valence electron – non
1
bonding e– − × bonding e–
Trigonal planar Pyramidal 2
In SO3,
(iii) NH3 (iv) CH 3−
Pyramidal Pyramidal 1
Hence, the iso-electronic structures are H3O+, NH3 and Formal charge of S atom = 6 − 0 − × 12 = 0
2
CH 3− . 1
Formal charge of O atom = 6 − 4 − × 4 = 0
261. The structure of IF7 is 2
(a) Square pyramid Hence, the option (d) is most preferred and lowest
(b) Trigonal bipyramid energy of SO3.
(c) Octahedral
(d) Pentagonal bipyramidal 264. Structure of ICl 2− is
(AIEEE-2011) (a) Trigonal
Ans. (d) The structure of IF7 is pentagonal bipyramidal. (b) Octahedral
It has sp3d3 hybridisation and angle is 90°, 72°. (c) Square planar
(d) Distorted trigonal bipyramidal
UP CPMT-2011
Ans. (d) : In ICl−2 , I is sp3d-hybridised. The structure of
ICl−2 is distorted trigonal bipyramidal due to the
262. The bonds present in the structure of presence of lone pair of electrons.
dichromate ion are
265. XeF4 has a shape of
(a) four equivalent Cr––O bonds only
(a) spherical (b) trigonal bipyramidal
(b) six equivalent Cr––O bonds and one O––O
bond (c) square planar (d) tetrahedral
(c) six equivalent Cr––O bonds and one Cr––Cr CG PET- 2010
bond Ans. (c): XeF4 (Xenon tetrafluoride) has a shape of
(d) eight equivalent Cr––O bonds square planar.
(e) six equivalent Cr––O bonds and one Cr––O– • Hybridization : sp3d2
–Cr bond • Bond angle : 90o, 180o
Kerala-CEE-2011
Ans. (e) : The dichromate ion ( Cr2 O 72− ) . There is –2
charge on overall molecule. In dichromate ion has two
chromium atoms.
The 6 Cr–O bonds have equal length and the charge is
on the overall molecule. The structure of the dichromate
di-anion can be represented in two forms. 266. Match the following.
Column I Column II
(Molecules) (Number of lone
pairs on central
atom)
263. Which of the following structures is the most A. NH3 1. Two
preferred and hence of lowest energy for SO3? B. H 2O 2. Three
C. XeF2 3. Zero
(a) (b) D. CH4 4. Four
5. One
A B C D
(a) 5 1 3 2
(b) 3 1 2 5
(c) (d)
(c) 5 1 2 3
(d) 1 5 3 4
NEET-2011 AP-EAMCET- (Engg.) - 2010
Ans. (c) : Ans. (e) : (i) H2 molecule has 1 σ-bond.
Column –I Column –II H–H
(molecules) (no. of lone pairs (ii) HCl molecule has 1 σ-bond.
on central atom) H – Cl
(iii) Water molecule has 2 σ-bond and two lone pairs.
NH3
(iii) Ethylene molecule has 5 σ-bond and 1π-bond.
H 2O (iv) Acetylene (C2H2) molecule has 2π-bond and 3σ-

bond.
269. In which of the following molecules is hydrogen

bridge bond present?
(a) Water (b) Inorganic benzene
(c) Diborane (d) Methanol
XeF2 WB-JEE-2010
Ans. (c) : Diborane (B2H6) is the chemical compound
consisting of boron and hydrogen with the formula
B2H6. If is a colourless and highly unstable gas at room
temperature with a repulsively sweet odour. Diborane
mixed with air easily and forming explosive mixture.
CH4
267. Which one of the following conversions involve

change in both hybridization and shape?
270. The number of pπ – dπ 'pi' bonds present in
(a) CH4 → C2H6 (b) NH3→ NH +4 XeO3 and XeO4 molecules, respectively are
(c) BF3→ BF4− (d) H2O → H3O+ (a) 3, 4 (b) 4, 2
KARNATAKA-CET, 2010 (c) 2, 3 (d) 3, 2
Ans. (c) : VITEEE- 2009
(a) CH 4 
→ CH 3 – CH 3
4bp + 0lp 4bp 4bp
Hybridisation sp3 sp3 sp3
Structure tetrahdral tetrahdral
+
(b) NH 3 
→ NH 4
3bp + 1lp 4bp
Hybridisation sp3 sp3
Structure pyramidal tetrahedral
(c) BF3 → BF4−


3bp 4bp
Structure trigonal tetrahedral
planar
(d) H O
2 → H3O +

2bp + 2lp 3bp + 1lp 271. Which of the following specis in non-linear ?
Structure angular pyramidal (a) ICl−2 (b) I3−
Thus, conversion of BF3 into BF4− involves change or (c) N 3− (d) ClO −2 .
both hybridisation and shape.
AMU – 2009
268. Which of the following statements is false?
(a) H2 molecule has 1 σ bond Ans. (d) :
(b) HCl molecule has1 σ bond
(c) Water molecule has 2 σ bonds and two lone
pairs
(d) Ethylene molecule has 5 σ bonds and 1π bond
(e) Acetylene molecule has 3π bonds and
3 σ bond
Kerala-CEE-2010
Ans. (a) : Diatomic nitrogen (N2) molecule has a triple
bond between the two atoms one σ bond from
combining of 2pz atomic orbitals and two π–bonds from
the combination of 2px and 2py respectively. The lewis
structure to N2 molecule.
x N ≡ Nx
x x
276. The shape of XeF4 molecule and hybridization

of xenon in it are
(a) tetrahedral and sp3
272. A compound has four sp3 hybridised covalent (b) square planar and dsp2
bonds. Its shape is (c) square planar and sp3d2
(a) linear (b) square planar (d) octahedral and sp3d2
(c) octahedral (d) tetrahedral (e) octahedral and d2sp3
BCECE-2009 Kerala-CEE-2009
Ans. (d) : A compound has four sp3 hybridised covalent Ans. (c) : The structure of XeF is square planar–
4
bonds. It shape is tetrahedral.
When one s-orbital and 3p-orbitals belonging to the
same shell of an atom mix together to form four new
equivalent orbital, the type of hybridisation is called a
tetrahedral and angle is 109°28'.
273. The shape of XeOF2 on the basis of VESPR The shape of 3XeF 4 is square planar and the
theory is hybridisation is sp d2.

(a) See saw (b) V-shaped 277. The compound in which the number of dπ-pπ
(c) Trigonal planar (d) T-shaped bonds are equal to those present in ClO 4– , is:
J & K CET-(2009) (a) XeF4 (b) XeO3
Ans. (d) : The structure of XeOF2 on the basis of (c) XeO4 (d) XeF6
VSEPR theory. AP-EAMCET/2008
–
Ans. (b): The structure of ClO 4
In XeOF2 molecule the shape is T-shaped and

hybridisation is sp3d. It contain 3dπ – pπ bonds and XeO3 contain 3dπ –
274. The shape of PCl3 molecule is pπ bonds as:
(a) trigonal bipyramidal (b) tetrahedral
(c) pyramidal (d) square planar
JCECE - 2009
Ans. (c) : The shape of PCl3 is trigonal pyramidal. The O
central atom P has one lone pair of electrons and three
3
bond pairs of electron. The hydridisation of PCl3 is sp . 278. The H H b bond angle in H2O is 104.5°. This
fact can be best explained with the help of
(a) Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion
(VSEPR) Theory
(b) Molecular Orbital Theory
(c) Presence of hydrogen bond
275. Which of the following represents the Lewis (d) Electronegativity difference between
structure of N2 molecule? hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
MPPET-2008
Ans. (a) :
H2O has sp3 hybridisation and bond angle is 104.5°. It is

explained with the help of Valence Shell Electron Pair
Repulsion (VSEPR) theory.
279. The actual geometry of NO2– is
(a) Planer (b) Linear
(c) V -shape (d) Tetrahedral
JCECE - 2009 MPPET-2008
Ans. (c) : the geometry of NO2– is Ans. (c) : The structure of the molecule –
:
N
−
O O Cl − Be − Cl
V– shaped geometry. Linear (sp) Triangular planar (sp2)
280. Match the following 282. Which of the following is not tetrahedral ?
List-I List-II (a) BF4– (b) NH +4
(A) BCl3 (i) Linear (c) CO32– (d) SO 2–
4
AP-EAMCET/2007
(B) PdBr42– (ii) Planar triangular
Ans. (c): The structure are given as :
(C) SF6 (iii) Tetrahedral
(D) I – (iv) Octahedral
3
(v) Square planer
The correct match is
A B C D
(a) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(b) (v) (iii) (ii) (i)
(c) (ii) (v) (iv) (i)
(d) (v) (iv) (iii) (ii)
Ans. (c) :
Hence, CO32– is a trigonal planar.
283. In which of the following pairs, the two species
are iso-structural?
(a) SO32− and NO3− (b) BF3 and NF3
(c) BrO3− and XeO3 (d) SF4 and XeF4
NEET-2007
2– Ans. (c) : The iso-structural species are –
Br Br
(B) PdBr42– dsp 2 and
Pd
Br Br Pyramidal Pyramidal
(Square planer) So, the two species BrO3− and XeO3 both are iso-
2–
structural.
Br Br 284. Among the following, the pair in which the two
(B) PdBr42– dsp 2 species are not isostructural is
Pd
(a) IO3− and XeO3 (b) PF6− and SF6
Br Br
(c) BH −4 and NH +4 (d) CO32 − and NO −2
(Square planer) (e) SiF4 and SF4
Kerala-CEE-2007
Ans. (d&e) :
Species Structure
IO3− Pyramidal
XeO3 Pyramidal
PF6− Octahedral
SF6 Octahedral
BH −4 Tetrahedral
281. Which one of the following is a correct set with
respect to molecule, hybridisation and shape? NH +4 Tetrahedral
(a) BeCl2, sp2, linear CO32− Trigonal planar
(b) BeCl2, sp2, triangular planar
(c) BCl3, sp2, triangular planar NO −2 V-shaped
(d) BCl3, sp3, tetrahedral SiF4 Tetrahedral
BCECE-2008 SF4 See-saw

285. Match List-I with List-II and choose the 288. Which of the following is not iso-structural
correct matching codes from the choices given. with SiCl4?
List-I List-II (a) NH +4 (b) SCl 4
A. PCl5 1. Linear (c) SO 24− (d) PO34−
B. IF7 2. pyramidal
C. H3O+ 3. Trigonal bipyramidal NEET-2006
D. ClO2 4. Tetrahedral Ans. (b) : The geometry of SiCl4 is tetrahedral and
E. NH +4 5. Pentagonal bipyramidal hybridisation is sp3.
6. Angular (i) NH +4 (ii) SCl4
Codes
(a) A-3, B-5, C-2, D-1, E-4
(b) A-3, B-5, C-4, D-1, E-2
(c) A-3, B-5, C-6, D-1, E-2 Td See-saw
(d) A-3, B-5, C-2, D-6, E-4
(iii) SO 24− (iv) PO34−
(e) A-3, B-5, C-2, D-4, E-1
Kerala-CEE-2007
Ans. (d) :
List-I List-II
PCl5 Trigonal bipyramidal
IF7 Pentagonal bipyramidal Td Td
H 3O + Pyramidal 289. The shape of sulphate ion is :
ClO2 Angular (a) square planar (b) trigonal
NH +4 Tetrahedral (c) trigonal planar (d) tetrahedral
BCECE-2006
286. Geometry of SiO 4- 4 anion is 2−
Ans. (d) : The sulphate ion is SO 4 and the structure is
(a) tetrahedral (b) trigonal
(c) trihedral (d) pentagonal
MHT CET-2007
Ans. (a) : The structure of SiO 44− anion is –
The shape of sulphate ion ( SO 24− ) is tetrahedral and

hybridisation is sp3.
In SiO 44− has tetrahedral geometry and hybridisation is 290. Among the following, the species having square
sp3. In SiO 44− have four Si–O bond are present. planar geometry for central atom are
287. Which of the following is not a correct (i) XeF4 (ii) SF4 (iii) [NiCl4]2− (iv) [PtCl4] 2−
statement? (a) (i) and (iv) (b) (i) and (ii)
(a) Multiple bonds are always shorter than (c) (ii) and (iii) (d) (iii) and (iv)
corresponding single bonds. AIIMS-2006
(b) The electron deficient molecules can act as Ans. (a): The shape of the species are–
Lewis acids
(c) The canonical structures have no real
existence
(d) Every AB5 molecule does in fact have square
pyramid structure
NEET-2006
Ans. (d) : Generally AB5 molecule have trigonal
bipyramidal structure due to sp3d hybridisation but AB5
molecule have three possible geometries – (iii) [NiCl4]2− (iv) [PtCl4]2−
2− 2−
Cl
Cl Cl
Ni Pt
Trigonal bipyramidal Square pyramidal Cl Cl Cl Cl
Cl
Tetrahedral Square planar
Hence, the species having square planar geometry for

Planar pentagonal central atom are XeF4, [PtCl4]2–

291. In which of the following molecules/ions, all the 295. Assertion: SeCl4 does not have a tetrahedral
bonds are not equal? structure.
(a) SF4 (b) SiF4 Reason: Se in SeCl4 has two lone pairs.
(c) XeF4 (d) BF4− (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
(AIEEE-2006) the Reason is correct explanation of the
Assertion.
Ans. (a) : In geometry of SF4 molecule is –
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but
Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is
incorrect.
In SF4 molecule has two type of bond two are axial and (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are
two are equatorial. In equatorial position bond length is incorrect.
small in comparison to axial bond length because axial (e) If the Assertion is incorrect but the Reason is
bond has no hindrance (crowding) in environment. So, correct.
SF4 has show two type of bond. AIIMS-2005
292. Which of the following molecule in its valence Ans. (c): SeCl 4 has see-saw geometry, which is
shell has three bond pairs of electrons and one regarded as a distorted trigonal bipyramidal structure,
lone pair of electron? one lone pair of electron is equatorial position of
(a) NH3 (b) H2O trigonal bipyramidal SeCl4 molecules arises due to sp3d
(c) BF3 (d) CO2 hybridisation of the central atom.
J & K CET-(2006)
Ans. (a) : Molecule Bond Pair Lone pair
NH3 3 1
H 2O 2 2
BF3 3 0
CO2 2 0 296. Which of the following molecules has pentagonal
In NH3 (ammonia) molecule in its valence shell has bipyramidal shape?
three bond pairs of electrons and one lone pair of (a) PF5 (b) SF6
electron. (c) XeF6 (d) [Fe(CN)6]3–
293. Which is extremely stable? AMU-2005
(a) NF3 (b) NCl3
Ans. (c) : The shape of molecule are –
(c) NBr3 (d) NH3
(i) PF5 (ii) SF6
JCECE - 2006
nd
Ans. (a) : Nitrogen is belong to 2 period and smaller
in size due to which it can accommodate only atoms
which are smaller in size. Fluorine being smaller in size
can form a better bond with nitrogen because both
belong to 2nd period element. Chlorine belongs to 3rd Trigonal bipyramidal Octahedral
period element it can overlap is not better. So, NF3 is a (iii) XeF 6 (iv) [Fe(CN)6]3–
stable compound due to which same shell is involved in
overlap.
294. Which of the following species has a linear
shape?
(a) O3 (b) NO −2
Pentagonal bipyramidal Octahedral
(c) SO2 (d) NO+2
NEET-2006 297. The molecule having a pyramidal shape out of
the following is
Ans. (d) : The shape of the following species – (a) CO2 (b) PCl3
(i) O3 (ii) NO −2
(c) SF4 (d) NH +4
J & K CET-(2005)
Ans. (b) : PCl3 has a pyramidal shape due to
phosphorous atom is sp3 hybridized with three bond
V-shape Bent pairs and one lone pair.
(iii) SO2 (iv) NO +2
+
O=N=O
V-shape Linear

298. The pair having similar geometry is Ans. (d): In SF4 molecule has see-saw structure in
(a) BH3, NH3 (b) BeCl2, H2O which bond angles are different between different S-F
(c) CH4, CCl4 (d) IF5, PF5 atoms. SF4 molecule has sp3d hybridisation and non-
J & K CET-(2005) planar structure. According to VSEPR theory lone pair-
Ans. (c) : lone pair > lone pair-bond pair > bond pair-bond pair
repulsion.
301. Identify the correct sequence of increasing

number of a bonds in the structures of the
following molecules :
I. H2S2O6 II. H2SO3
III. H2S2O5
(a) I < II < III (b) II < III < I
(c) II < I < III (d) I < III < II
Ans. (b) : The molecules are H2S2O6(I), H2SO3(II) and
H 2S 2O 5.
Structure Number of bonds
OH OH
(i) O S S O 9σ, 4π
Hence, the option (a) and (c) both pair have similar O O
geometry. (Dithionic acid)
299. Shape of O2F2 is similar to that of; 

(a) C2F2 (b) H2O2
(c) H2F2 (d) C2H2 S
AIIMS-2004 (ii) OH 3σ, 1π
Ans. (b): The shape of O2F2 and H2O2 are similar. O2F2 O OH
and H2O2 are peroxides (Sulfurous acid)
O O
(iii) HO S S 8σ, 3π
OH
In O2F2 and H2O2 , one O–O bond lying in a plane and O
two O–F bonds lying in different plane. H2O2 and O2F2 (Disulfurous acid)
has non–linear and non–planar structure. O2F2 and H2O2 Hence, the correct sequence of increasing number of a
both have open book type structure. bonds is given as:- II < III < I.
300. Assertion: All F−S−F angle is SF4 are greater 302. Which one of the following has the regular
than 90º but less than 180º, tetrahedral structure?
Reason: The lone pair- bond pair repulsion is (Atomic number : B = 5, S = 16, Ni = 28,
weaker than bond pair- bond pair repulsion. Xe=54)
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and (a) XeF4 (b) SF4
the Reason is correct explanation of the 2−
Assertion. (c) BF4− (d)  Ni ( CN )4 
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but (AIEEE-2004)
Reason is not a correct explanation of the Ans. (c) : The structure of the species are –
Assertion.
(c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are
incorrect.
(e) If the Assertion is incorrect but the Reason is
correct.
AIIMS-2004
306. The electronic theory of bonding was proposed
by :
(a) Pauling (b) Lewis
(c) Bronsted (d) Mullikan
BCECE-2003
Ans. (b) : The electronic theory of bonding was
In BF4− has the regular tetrahedral structure. proposed by Lewis. Pauling gave the scale of electro
negativity, Bronsted gave the concept of acid and base.
303. Two oxides of nitrogen, NO and NO2 react
Mullikan gave the determination charge on electron.
together at 253K and form a compound of
nitrogen, X. X reacts with water to yield 307. The geometry of the molecule having s and p-
another compound of nitrogen, Y. The shape of characters equal to 25% and 75% respectively, is:
the anion of Y molecule is (a) trigonal (b) linear
(a) Tetrahedral (b) Angular (c) tetrahedral (d) octahedral
(c) Square Planar (d) Pyramidal JCECE - 2003
AP EAMCET- 2003 Ans. (c): The geometry of molecule having S and P-
Ans. (b) : When NO and NO2 react together at 253 K character equal to 25% and 75% respectively is
then N2O3 is formed. N2O3 (X) is react with H2O to tetrahedral.
form the hyponitrous acid (HNO2) 308. Which one of the following is the correct with
NO + NO2 253K
→ N 2 O3 reference to molecular formula, hybridisation
'X '
of central atom and shape of the molecule?
N 2O3 + H 2 O → 2HNO2 (a) CO2, sp2, bent (b) H2O, sp2, bent
'Y '
(c) BeCl2, sp, linear (d) H2O, sp3, linear
HNO 2 → H + + NO 2− AP-EAMCET (Medical), 2002
Ans. (c) : (a) CO2, =C=
Hybridisation = sp
Shape = linear
The shape of NO −2 is shown in figure which is angular (b)
in shape.
304. Compound X is anhydride of sulphuric acid. Hybridisation = sp3
The number of σ -bonds and the number of Shape = Angular
π -bonds present in X are, respectively (c) BeCl 2 ,Cl — Be — Cl
(a) 3, 3 (b) 4, 2 Hybridisation = sp
(c) 2, 4 (d) 4, 3 Shape = linear
AP EAMCET- 2003 Thus, the correct option is (c).
Ans. (a) : Sulphuric acid decomposes to give sulphure 309. Assertion: Sigma (σ) is a strong bond, while pi
trioxide, SO3 and H2O, thus SO3 is regarded as (π) is a weak bond.
anhydride of sulphuric acid
Reason: Atoms rotate freely about pi (π) bond.
H 2SO4 
− H2O
→ H 2 O + SO3 (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
the Reason is correct explanation of the
Assertion.
3σ and 3π are present in anhydride of H2SO4.
Assertion.
305. Which one of the following is a correct set with (c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is
respect to molecule hybridisation and shape? incorrect.
(a) BeCl2, sp2, linear (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are
2
(b) BeCl2, sp , triangular planar incorrect.
(c) BCl3, sp2, triangular planar (e) If the Assertion is incorrect but the Reason is
3
(d) BCl3, sp , tetrahedral correct.
AP-EAMCET (Medical), 2003 AIIMS-2002
Ans. (c) : The molecules are
Ans. (c): Sigma (σ) bonding involves end to end
BeCl2 BCl3 overlapping of two atomic orbitals. eg. s and s, s and p
Cl–Be–Cl and p and p orbitals.
Hybridisation = sp π-bonding involves sidewise overlapping of the two
Shape = linear atomic orbitals. eg. p and p orbital.
Hence, the overlapping of orbitals is more effective in σ
bonding than in π-bonding due to lateral overolap in
π- bonding atom cannot rotate freely in π-bond.
310. The shape of IF5 is (c) B – Cl bond is more polar than N – Cl bond
(a) pentagonal bipyramidal (d) N – Cl bond is more covalent than B – Cl
(b) square pyramidal bond
(c) octahedral NEET-1995
(d) trigonal planner Ans. (b) : BCl3 is planar molecule where as NCl3 is
UP CPMT-2001 pyramidal because BCl3 has no lone pair but NCl3 has a
Ans. (b) : Hybridization and lone pair of electrons lone pair of electron.
decide the geometry of molecule.
Trigonal planar Pyramidal

2 3
The hybridization in IF5 molecule is sp3d2 but geometry 315. d sp hybridization represents which of the
is square pyramidal instead of octahedral due to presence following configurations?
of lone pair of electron in valence shell of iodine. (a) Tetrahedral (b) Square planar
(c) Linear (d) Octahedral
AP-EAMCET/1992
Ans. (d) : Molecule having d2sp3 hybridization of
central atom is octahedral geometry. This type of
hybridization forms the inner orbital complexes.
311. The number of lone pairs of electrons present • Tetrahedral geometry has the sp3 type of
on Xe in XeF4 is : hybridization.
(a) 3 (b) 4 • The hybridization of square planer geometry is dsp2.
(c) 1 (d) 2 • The linear geometry has 180° bond angle with sp
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 2001 hybridization.
Ans. (d): The structure of XeF4 is square planar:
316. Which one of the following formulae does not
correctly represents the bonding capacities of
the two atoms involved?
Number of lone pairs of electrons present on Xe in XeF4

is 2. The hybridization of Xe is sp3d2.
(a) (b)
312. Which of the following is the correct pair?
(a) BeCl2 – linear (b) NH3 – linear
(c) CO2 – Tetrahedral (d) BF3 – octahedral (c) (d)
AP-EAMCET/2000
NEET-1990
Ans. (a):
Molecule Hybridization Geometry/Shape Ans. (d) : The structure, does not
BeCl2 sp Linear
NH3 sp3 Pyramidal correctly represent the bonding capacities of atom
CO2 sp Linear because the valency of carbon is four but one carbon
BF3 sp2 Trigonal planer has three bonds attached and other carbon have five
Hence, option (a) is correct. bond attached.
313. According to VSEPR theory the shape of the 317. Which of the following molecules does not have
water molecule is: a linear arrangement of atoms?
(a) linear (b) planar triangle (a) H2S (b) C2H2
(c) V-shaped (d) octahedral (c) BeH2 (d) CO2
AP EAMCET (Medical) -1998 NEET-1989
Ans. (c): The structure of H2O– Ans. (a) : The structure of given molecule –
(i) H2S (ii) C2H2
H − C ≡ C− H
The hybridisation of water molecule is sp3. There is two sp sp
lone pair electron present on oxygen atom due to which V-shaped Linear
they acquire the V-shaped. (iii) BeH2 (iv) CO2
314. The BCl3 is a planar molecule whereas NCl3 is H − Be − H O = C= O
pyramidal because sp sp
(a) nitrogen atom is smaller than boron atom Linear Linear

(b) BCl3 has no lone pair but NCl3 has a lone pair H2S molecule does not have a linear arrangement of
of electrons atom.
318. Among the following molecule Ans. (3) : V2O3 is most basic oxide. Total number of
(i) XeO3 (ii) XeOF4 (iii) XeF6 unpaired electron in V+3 is n = 2.
Those having same number of lone pairs on Xe Hence, the spin only magnetic moment
are µs = n(n + 2)
(a) (i) and (ii) only (b) (i) and (iii) only
(c) (ii) and (iii) only (d) (i), (ii) and (iii) 2(2 + 2) = 8 = 2.87 BM
µs =
VITEEE 2019 ≈ 3 BM.
Ans. (d) : 321. which of the following is paramagnetic?
(a) NO+ (b) CO
(c) CN (d) O2
Odisha NEET-2019, NEET-2013
JIPMER-2004, AMU–2001
Ans. (d) : Oxygen is a paramagnetic molecule. Its
molecular orbital configuration is
O2 = (σ2s)2(σ*2s)2(σ*2pz)2(π 2p 2x = π 2p 2y )
(π* 2p1x = π* 2p1y )
O2 molecule has unpaired electron its
show
paramagnetic.
322. N2 and O2 are converted into monocations,
N +2 and O +2 respectively. Which of the following
statements is wrong
(a) In N +2 , the N−N bond weakens.
(b) In O +2 , the O−O bond order increases.
All molecule have same number of lone pairs on Xe. (c) In O +2 , paramagnetism decreases.
319. Which of the following molecules/ions does not (d) N +2 becomes diamagnetic.
contain unpaired electrons? AIIMS-2013, Kerala CEE-2010
(a) O 22− (b) B2 NEET-1997
(c) N +2 (d) O2 Ans. (d): Molecular orbital configuration of these are -
(i) N 2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , σ2p 2z
AIEEE 2008
Ans. (a) : According to molecular orbital diagram – 10 − 6
B.O = =3
(i) For O 22− = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , σ 2p 2z , π2p 2x 2
O = σ1s , σ *1s , σ2s , σ * 2s , σ2p , π2p = π2p , π * 2p
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1
= π2p 2y , π* 2p 2x = π* 2p 2y (ii) 2 z x y x
= π * 2p 1
O 22− molecules/ions does not contain unpaired

y
10 − 6
electrons. B.O = =2
2
(ii) For B2 = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , π2p1x = π2p1y (iii) N = σ1s , σ *1s , σ2s , σ * 2s , π2p = π2p , σ2p
+ 2 2 2 2 2 2 1
2 x y z
B2 molecules/ions contain two unpaired electron. 9−4

B. O = B.O = = 2.5
(iii) For N +2 = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ 2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , π2p 2x 2
= π2p 2y , σ2p1y (iv) +
O = σ1s2 ,σ *1s2 ,σ2s2 ,σ * 2s 2 ,σ2p , π2p 2 2
+ 2 z x
N 2 molecule/ions contain one unpaired electron. 2 1

= π2p , π * 2p = π * 2p y x y
(iv) For O 2 = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , σ2p z2 , π2p x2 10 − 5
B.O = = 2.5
= π2p 2y , π* 2p1x = π* 2p1y 2
O2 molecule/ions contain two unpaired electron. ∴Bond order ∝ Bond strength.
If bond order increase then bond strength also increase
+
Thus, N is paramagnetic so, the option (d) is correct
2
3. Magnetic behavior of according to the question.

Molecules 323. The molecule NO is
(a) paramagnetic
(b) diamagnetic
320. The spin–only magnetic moment value of the (c) ferromagnetic
most basic oxide of vanadium among V2O3, (d) an even electron molecule.
V2O4 and V2O5 is _____ B.M. (Nearest integer) J & K CET-(2012)
JEE Main-26.06.2022, Shift-I CGPET-2010, NEET-1995
Ans. (a) : The molecular orbital configuration is – Ans. (d): KO2 is a superoxide in which only one
For, electron is released from the dioxygen atom and a
NO = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p z2 , π2p 2x , = π2p 2y superoxide ion is represented as O2– . In KO2 the
1
π * 2p1x = π * 2p y oxygen atoms bear − oxidation state and they also
2
In NO has one unpaired electron, it show a behave as a free radical species having an unpaired
paramagnetic. electron. KO2 is paramagnetic due to presence of
324. Paramagnetism is shown by unpaired electrons.
(a) N2 (b) O2 328. The species analogous to paramagnetic
(c) F2 (d) CO2 behaviour like O2 is
Manipal-2018 (a) monoclinic sulphur (b) rhombic sulphur
(c) colloidal sulphur (d) gaseous sulphur.
J & K CET-(2012)
AMU-2019, 2014
UPTU/UPSEE-2004
Ans. (d) : The formula of gaseous sulphur exists as S2.
Ans. (b) : The paramagnetirm is show by O2 molecule The S2 molecule has two unpaired electron in the
because it has two unpaired electron. The molecular antibonding 3p orbital and hence the species analogous
orbital configuration of to paramagnetic behavior like O2 is gaseous sulphur.
O2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p z2 , π2p1x , = π2p 2y 329. Which one of the following is not paramagetic?
π * 2p1x = π * 2p1y (a) NO (b) N +2
325. The paramagnetic behaviour of B2 is due to the (c) CO (d) O −2

presence of BCECE-2012
(a) two unpaired electrons in πb MO NEET-2000
Ans. (c) : In CO, number of electron = 14
(b) two unpaired electrons in π * MO According to molecular orbital configuration is -
CO= σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , σ2Pz2
(c) two unpaired electrons in σ * MO
In CO all electron are paired. Hence, it show
(d) two unpaired electrons in σb MO diamagnetic not a paramagnetic.
WB-JEE-2012
330. Atomic number of Cr, Fe and Co are 24, 26
UPTU/UPSEE-2004 and 27 respectively. Which of the following
Ans. (a) : The most electronic configuration to inner orbital octahedral complexes are
B2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p1x = π2p1y, paramagnetic?
(a) [Co (NH3)6]3+ (b) [Co(CN)3]3+
It is paramagnetic due to two unpaired electron on two (c) [Fe(CN)6] 4–
(d) [Cr (CN)6]3–
unpaired electron π - molecular bonding orbital. AP EAPCET 23-08-2021 Shift-I
326. In which of the following ionization processes Ans. (d) : All complexes are the inner orbital
the bond energy increases and the magnetic complexes because of availability of strong field ligand.
3+
behaviour changes from paramagnetic to (i) [Co(NH3)6]
diamagnetic? Let, Oxidation state of Co is x
(a) O2 → O 2 +
(b) C2 → C 2 + ∴ x + 6(0) = +3
or x = +3
(c) NO → NO+ (d) O2 → O +2
AP EAPCET 24.08.2021, Shift-I
Karnataka NEET-2013
Ans. (c) :
NH3 show strong field ligand in Co+3
Total electron present in NO is 15. ‘NO’ is (ii) [Co(CN)3]3+
paramagnetic in nature because it have one electron Let, Oxidation state of Co is x
(unparied electron) in 2px orbital. When we remove the ∴ x + 3(0) = +3
one electron from NO we get the NO+ which is in or x = +3
diamagnetic in nature because unpaired electron are not
present.
327. KO2 exhibits paramagnetic behaviour. This is
due to the paramagnetic nature of
(a) KO– (b) K+ (iii) [Fe(CN)6]4–
−
(c) O2 (d) O 2 Let, Oxidation state of Fe is x
AP EAMCET (Engg.) -2014 ∴ x + 6(–1) = –4
AIIMS-2003 or x = +2

Ans. (c) : The molecular orbital configuration is –
B+2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p1x , = π2p y
Number of unpaired electron in B+2 = 1
(iv) [Cr(CN)6]3– ∴ Magnetic moment (µ) = n ( n + 2)

Let, Oxidation state of Cr is x
= 1(1 + 2 )
∴ x + 6(–1) = –3
or x = +3 = 3 = 1.73 BM
= 173 × 10–2 BM.
334. A colourless, neutral, paramagnetic oxide of
nitrogen ‘P’ on oxidation gives reddish brown
gas Q, Q on cooling gives colourless gas R. R on
reaction with P gives blue solid S. Identify P, Q,
Hence, the correct option is (d). R, S respectively
331. Which of the following is not arranged in the (a) N2O, NO, NO2, N2O5
correct sequence? (b) N2O, NO2, N2O4, N2O3
(a) MO, M2O3, MO2, M2O5 – Decreasing basic (c) NO, NO2, N2O4, N2O3
nature (d) NO, NO, N2O4, N2O5
(b) Sc, V, Cr, Mn – Increasing number of Karnataka-CET-2021
oxidation states
5 3 1 4
(c) d , d , d , d Increasing magnetic moment Ans. (c) :
(d) Mn2+, Fe2+, Cr2+, Co2+ decreasing stability
AP EAPCET 20.08.2021 Shift-I
Ans. (c) : Magnetic moment (µ) = n(n + 2
Where n = number of 4n paired electro n.
So d1 : µ = 1(1+ 2) = 3 = 1.73BM
d2 : µ = 2 ( 2 + 2 ) = 8 = 2.83 BM
d :µ=
3
3 ( 3 + 2 ) = 15 = 3.88 BM
d4 : µ = 4 ( 4 + 2 ) = 24 = 4.90 BM
335. The bond order and the magnetic
d5 : µ = 5 ( 5 + 2 ) = 35 = 5.92 BM characteristics of CN − are
So the increasing magnetic moment 1
(a) 3, diamagnetic (b) 2 , Paramagnetic
d 1 < d 2 < d 3 < d 4 < d 5. 2
1
332. The bond order and magnetic behaviour of (c) 3, paramagnetic (d) 2 , diamagnetic
O −2 ion are, respectively 2
(JEE Main 2020, 7 Jan. Shift-II)
(a) 1.5 and paramagnetic Ans. (a) : The molecular orbital configuration is–
(b) 1.5 and diamagnetic
(c) 2 and diamagnetic CN– = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p x2 = π2p 2y , π2p z2
(d) 1 and paramagnetic No. of bonding e − − No.of antibonding e −
(JEE Main 2021, 26 Aug. Shift-II) Bond order=
2
Ans. (a) : The molecular orbital configuration is – 10 − 4
For O2– = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p z,2 π2p 2x , = π2p 2y = =3
2
π * 2p 2x = π * 2p1y The magnetic characteristic of CN– is diamagnetic.
It is a paramagnetic 336. If the magnetic moment of a dioxygen species is
− − 1.73 BM, it may be:
No.of bonding e − No.of anti bonding e
B.O. = (a) O 2 ,O −2 or O +2 (b) O −2 or O 2+
2
10 − 7 3 (c) O 2 or O 2− (d) O 2 or O 2+
= = = 1.5 (JEE Main 2020, 9 Jan. Shift-II)
2 2
+ Ans. (b) : The molecular orbital configuration is–
333. The spin-only magnetic moment value of B 2
For O12− = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2
species is ......... × 10–2 BM. (Nearest integer)
[Given, 3 = 1.73 ] σ2p2z , π2p2x = π2p2y , π* 2p2x = π* 2p1y
(a) 100 (b) 120 The no. of unpaired e– in O −2 =1
(c) 173 (d) 160
(JEE Main 2021, 1 Sep Shift-II) Magnetic moment (µ)= n(n + 2)

= 1(1 + 2) = 3 = 1.732
+
For O = σ1s , σ 1s , σ2s , σ* 2s 2 σ2p 2z
2
2 * 2 2
π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π* 2p1x = π* 2p y

The no. of unpaired e– in O +2 =1
Magnetic moment (µ) = n(n + 2)
= 1(1 + 2) = 3 = 1.732 BM
337. Which of the compounds among N2O, NO,
N2O3, NO2, N2O4, N2O5 are diamagnetic ?
(a) NO, NO2, N2O3
(b) N2O, N2O3, N2O4, N2O5
340. Assertion: Ferromagnetic compound is more
(c) NO, NO2 attracted in magnetic field.
(d) N2O4, N2O5 Reason: Because all electron are aligned in
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 17.09.2020 Shift-I same direction.
Ans. (b) : Let us draw the structure of nitrogen oxides. (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
Reason is the correct explanation for
Assertion.
Reason is not the correct explanation for
Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
incorrect.
AIIMS 26 May 2019 (Morning)
Ans. (a): Ferromagnetic compound is more attracted in
N2O, N2O3, N2O4, N2O5 do not have unpaired electrons magnetic field due to all electron are aligned in same
(n = 0). So, they are diamagnetic (µ = 0). direction.
Magnetic linear force is imaginary in the sense it cannot
338. The magnetic property of NO2 is ....... be seen as a live around the magnet but lines of force
(a) Ferromagnetic (b) Diamagnetic are not non-physical in the sense their presence can be
(c) Non-magnetic (d) Paramagnetic detected experimentally.
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 18.9.2020 Shift-I 341. MnO is:
Ans. (d) : Magnetic property of NO2 (g) is (a) Ferromagnetic (b) Antiferromagnetic
paramagnetic due to the presence of unpaired electron (c) Ferrimagnetic (d) Diamagnetic
on N-atom of NO2. AIIMS 26 May 2019 (Morning)
Ans. (b): Mn has a 5 electrons in the d-subshell which
make its orbital half-filled. So it has maximum
magnetic moment amond 3d elements and has the value
of magnetic susceptibility greater than zero. The
339. Assertion: In vapour state, S2 molecule shows magnetic susceptibility is greater than magnitude and
paramagnetic behaviour. the electrons are aligned such that they cancel the
Reason: S2 molecule has two paired electrons in effects of each other due to opposite direction. Hence,
the antibonding t2g orbital like O2. MnO is shown antiferro-magnetism.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Note- Metal like Fe, Co, Ni show ferromagnetism
Reason is the correct explanation of 342. Among the following molecules/ions,
Assertion. C22− , N 22− ,O 22− ,O 2
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Which one is diamagnetic and has the shortest
Reason is not the correct explanation of bond length ?
Assertion. (a) C 22− (b) O 2
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. 2−
(c) O 2 (d) N 2-2
incorrect. (JEE Main 2019, 8 April Shift-II)
AIIMS 25 May 2019 (Evening) Ans. (a) : The molecular orbital configuration is –
2−
Ans. (c): : In ordinary condition sulphur exists as S8 in (i) C 2 = σ1s 2
, σ *1s 2
, σ 2s 2
, σ * 2s 2 , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , σ2p 2z
solid state. In vapour state sulphur partly exists as S2 It is a diamagnetic.
molecule. In S2 molecule has two unpaired electrons in 10 − 4
Bond order = =3
the antibonding π* orbitals. 2

2− n=5 (unpaired electron)
(ii) N 2 =σ1s , σ *1s , σ2s , σ * 2s , σ2p z, π2p x = π2p y
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Magnetic moment = 5(5 + 2) = 35 = 5.92 BM

π * 2p1x = π * 2p1y For Fe3+ =
It is a paramagnetic n=5 (unpaired electron)
10 − 6 Magnetic moment = 5(5 + 2) = 35 = 5.92 BM
Bond order = =2 Hence, the order of theoretical magnetic moment
2
is Cr3+ < Mn2+ = Fe3+
(iii) O 22− = σ1s , σ *1s , σ2s , σ * 2s , σ2p z, π2p x
2 2 2 2 2 2
346. The ground state magnetic property of B2 and
C2 molecules will be:
= π2p 2y , π * 2p 2x = π * 2p 2y (a) B2 paramagnetic and C2 diamagnetic
It is a diamagnetic (b) B2 diamagnetic and C2 paramagnetic
10 − 8 (c) Both are dimagnetic
Bond order = =1 (d) Both are paramagnetic
2 WB-JEE-2017
(iv) O 2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p 2z, π2p 2x Ans. (a) : The molecular orbital configuration is –
(i) B2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p1x = π2p1y,
= π2p 2y , π * 2p1x = π * 2p1y It is a paramagnetic due to two unpaired electron in B2
It is a paramagnetic molecule.
10 − 6 (ii) C 2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p x2 = π2p 2y,
Bond order = =2
2 It is a diamagnetic due to zero unpaired electron.
1 347. A transition elements with atomic number 24
∴ Bond order ∝ will have its magnetic moment
Bond length
(a) 5.92 B.M.
When bond order increase then bond length decrease.
(b) 6.93 B.M.
Hence, C 22− has diamagnetic and shortest bond length. (c) it will be diamagnetic
343. Which of these species will have non-zero (d) it will be more than 8 B.M.
magnetic moment? COMEDK 2015
(a) Na+ (b) Mg Ans. (b) :A transition metal element with atomic
(c) F– (d) Ar+ number 24 is chromium. The electronic configuration of
WB-JEE-2019 Cr is [Ar]3d54s1. There are six unpaired electron present
Ans. (d) : Ar+ contain unpaired electron having in outer shell orbit. Hence, The spin only magnetic
configuration [Ne] 3s23p5. All other species do not have moment is 6(6 + 2) = 6.93BM
unpaired electron.
348. Which one is diamagnetic molecule/ion?
344. In 3d-series as we move from scandium to zinc,
the paramagnetism: (a) O +2 (b) O −2
(a) increases (c) O 22 − (d) O 2
(b) decreases SRMJEEE – 2014
(c) first increases to a maximum and then decreases Ans. (c)
(d) first decreases to a minimum and the increases.
COMEDK 2018 (a) O +2 (15) = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 σ2p 2z
Ans. (c) : In 3d-series, as we move from scandium to π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π*2 p1x
manganese, the paramagnetism increases due to (b) O −2 (17) = σ1s 2 σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2
increasing the number of unpaired electron but after
manganese, the paramagnetic character decreases due to σ2p 2z , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π* 2p 2x = π* 2p1y
the decreasing number of unpaired electron. unpaired electron = 1 (Paramagnetic)
345. Which of the following is the correct order for (c) O 22 − (18) = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2
the theoretical magnetic moment?
(a) Cr 3+ > Mn 2 + = Fe3+ σ2p2z , π2p2x = π2p2y , π* 2p2x = π* 2p2y
(b) Cr 3+ = Mn 2 + < Fe3+ unpaired electron = 0 (diamagnetic)
(c) Cr 3+ < Mn 2 + = Fe3+ (d) O2 (16) = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2
(d) Cr 3+ < Mn 2 + < Fe3+ σ2p 2z , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π* 2p1x = π* 2p1y
GUJCET-2017 unpaired electron = 2 (paramagnetic)
Hence, the correct option is C.
Ans. (c) : For Cr3+ =
349. The highest magnetic moment is shown by the
n=3 (unpaired electron) transition metal ion with the configuration
Magnetic moment = 3(3 + 2) = 15 = 3.83BM (a) 3d2 (b) 3d5
(c) 3d7 (d) 3d9
For Mn2+ = SRMJEEE – 2014
Ans. (b) : The number of unpaired electrons increase, π2p 2x = π2p 2y , σ2p 2z
magnetic moment increases.
No unpaired electron is present, so it is a diamagnetic
µ = n(n + 2) BM species.
Where n = No. of unpaired electron 353. Which one of the following molecules is
(i) 3d2 ⇒ n = 2, µ = 2.82 BM expected to exhibit diamagnetic behaviour?
(ii) 3d5 ⇒ n = 5, µ = 5.92 BM (a) C2 (b) N2
(iii) 3d7 ⇒ n = 3, µ = 3.87 BM (c) O2 (d) S2
(iv) 3d9 ⇒ n = 1, µ = 1.73 BM Karnataka-CET-2013
Hence, configuration 3d5 has highest magnetic moment. Ans. (a, b) : The molecular orbital configuration are–
350. The ratio of magnetic moment (spin only value)
between [FeF6]3– and [Fe(CN)6]3– is (i) C2= σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , π2p 2x = π2p 2y
approximately It is diamagnetic
(a) 4 (b) 2 (ii) N2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p 2x , = π2p 2y , σ2p 2z
(c) 5 (d) 3
AMU-2014 It is a diamagnetic
Ans. (d) : In [FeF6]3– and [Fe(CN)6]3– both have Fe3+ In (iii) O2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ 2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ 2p z2 , π2p1x , = π2p 2y
[FeF6]3–, F– being a weak field ligand. In [Fe (CN)6]3–,
CN– being a strong field ligand. π * 2p1x = π * 2p1y
It is paramagnetic.
[FeF6]3– = Fe3+=
n = 5 (unpaired electron) (iv) S2 = ………. 3p 2z , π3p 2x , = π3p 2y , π *3p1x , = π *3p1y
It is paramagnetic.
Magnetic moment ( µ1 ) = n ( n + 2 )
354. For simple molecules NO2 and S2, Which one of
= 5(5 + 2) the following statements is correct?
(a) Both are diamagnetic.
= 5× 7 (b) NO2 is diamagnetic while S2 is paramagnetic.
= 35 = 5.9BM (c) S2 is diamagnetic while NO2 is paramagnetic.
[Fe(CN)6]3– = Fe3+ = (d) Both are paramagnetic.
SCRA 2012
n = 1 (unpaired electron)
Ans. (d) : Total valence electrons in NO2 = 17
Magnetic moment (µ )
2
= n ( n + 2) NO2 has a free unpaired electron -It is an odd
electron molecule. Therefore it is paramagnetic
= 1(1 + 2 )
= 3 = 1.73BM Diatomic sulphur (S2) is paramagnetic in nature like as
µ 5.9
So, Ratio of µ and µ = 1 = = 3.41  3 O2 molecule.
µ 2 1.73
1 2
355. The spin only magnetic moment of Ni2+ (in

351. Paramagnetism is exhibited due to which one B.M) in aqueous solution will be
of the following reason? (a) 1.73 (b) 2.82
(a) Presence of unpaired electrons (c) 3.42 (d) 2.25
(b) Presence of completely shell electronic COMEDK-2012
subshell
Ans. (b) : The electronic configuration of Ni2+ is
(c) By non-transition element
[Ar]3d8. The number of unpaired electron is 2. Hence
(d) By elements with noble gas configuration
the spin only magnetic moment will be
J & K CET-(2014)
Ans. (a) : Paramagnetism is exhibited due to presence 2(2 + 2) = 2.8 B.M
of unpaired electron. 356. Among the following ions, which has the
Paramagnetism refers to the magnetic state at an atom highest spin magnetic moment?
with one or more unpaired electron. The unpaired (At. No: Ti = 22; Mn = 25; Ni = 28; Cu = 29)
electron are attracted by a magnetic field due to the (a) Cu2+ (b) Ti3+
electron magnetic dipole moment. 2+
(c) Ni (d) Mn2+
352. The diamagnetic molecule among the following SRMJEEE – 2012
is :
(a) O2 (b) N2 Ans. (d) : Magnetic moment is directly proportional to
the number of unpaired electrons
(c) N −2 (d) O −2
(i) Cu2+ : n = 1
UP CPMT-2014 (ii) Ti3+ : n = 1
Ans. (b) : Molecules having no unpaired electrons are (iii) Ni2+ : n = 2
diamagnetic in nature.
(iv) Mn2+ : n = 5
N 2 (14)= σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ 2s 2 , σ *2s 2 , Therefore Mn2+ is highest spin magnetic moment.

357. The paramagnetic oxides of nitrogen are 360. Which one of the following species does not
(a) dinitrogen monoxide and nitrogen monoxide exist under normal conditions?
(b) nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide (a) Be +2 (b) Be 2
(c) nitrogen dioxide and dinitrogen trioxide (c) B2 (d) Li 2
(d) dinitrogen trioxide and dinitrogen tetraoxide NEET-2010
J & K CET-(2011) Ans. (b) : According to molecular orbital configuration
Ans. (b) : Nitrogen monoxide (nitric oxide) is (i) Be +2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s1
paramagnetic in nature due to one unpaired electron. It
can be represented by the following resonance structure. 4−3
Bond order = = 0.5
Nitrogen dioxide is also paramagnetic due to one 2
unpaired electron. (ii) Be 2 = σ1s , σ *1s , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2
2 2
358. The pairs of species of oxygen and their 4−4

magnetic behaviour are noted below. Which of Bond order = =0
2
the following presents the correct description? Thus Be2 does not exist under normal condition.
(a) O −2 , O 22− -both diamagnetic (iii) B2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p1x = π2p1y
(b) O + , O 22− -both diamagnetic 6−4
+
Bond order = =1
(c) O , O 2 -both paramagnetic
2
2
(iv) Li 2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2
(d) O, O 22− -both paramagnetic
4−2
NEET-2011 Bond order = =1
Ans. (c) : The molecular orbital configuration is – 2
Hence, Be2 does not exist under normal condition
(i) O +2 = (15e − ) ⇒ σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p 2z , because bond order is zero.
π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π * 2p1x = π * 2p y 361. Which one of the following sets correctly
represents the increase in the paramagnetic
It is a paramagnetic and one unpaired electron. property of the ions?
Magnetic moment ( µ ) = 1(1 + 2 ) = 3 = 1.73BM. (a) Cu2+ > V2+ > Cr2+ > Mn2+
(b) Cu2+ < Cr2+ < V2+ < Mn2+
(ii) O 2 = (16 e− ) ⇒ σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p z2 , (c) Cu2+ < V2+ < Cr2+ < Mn2+
(d) V2+ < Cu2+ < Cr2+ < Mn2+
π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π * 2p1x = π * 2p1y AP EAMCET (Engg.)-2009
It is a paramagnetic due to two unpaired electron. Ans. (c): Paramagnetic property depend on the number
of unpaired electron. Maximum the number of unpaired
Magnetic moment ( µ ) = 2 ( 2 + 2 ) = 8 = 2.83BM. higher the paramagnetic properties.
359. Which of the O 2 ,O 2 , BN and NN is/are Cu = [ Ar ] 3d , No.of unpaired e = 1
2+ 9 −
- 2-
paramagnetic? V 2+ = [ Ar ] 3d 3 , No.of unpaired e − = 3

(a) NN (b) O 2-
2 Cr 2+ = [ Ar ] 3d 4 , No.of unpaired e − = 4
(c) BN (d) O-2 Mn 2+ = [ Ar ] 3d 5 , No.of unpaired e − = 5
UPTU/UPSEE-2011 Therefore, the order is -
Ans. (d) : According to molecular orbital electronic Cu < V < Cr < Mn
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
configuration is – 362. Which one of the following molecules is

−
(i) O 2 = σ1s , σ *1s , σ2s , σ * 2s , σ2p z ,
2 2 2 2 2 paramagnetic?
(a) F2 (b) B2
π2p x = π2p y, π * 2p x = π * 2p y
2 2 2 1
(c) Li2 (d) N2
It is a paramagnetic due to 1 unpaired electron. J & K CET-(2009)
2−
(ii) O 2 = σ1s , σ *1s , σ2s , σ * 2s , σ2p z ,
2 2 2 2 2 Ans. (b) : The molecular orbital configuration is –
(i) F2 = σ1s , σ *1s , σ 2s , σ * 2s , σ 2p z , π2p x , = π2p 2y
2 2 2 2 2 2
π2p 2x = π2p 2y, π * 2p 2x = π * 2p 2y

π * 2p 2x = π * 2p 2y
It is a diamagnetic due to zero unpaired electron
(iii) BN = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , It is a diamagnetic
(ii) B 2 = σ 1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ 2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p1x , = π2p1y
π2p 2x = π2p 2y,
It is a paramagnetic
It is a diamagnetic due to zero unpaired electron (iii) Li2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2
(iv) N 2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , It is a diamagnetic
π2p 2x = π2p 2y, σ2p 2z (iv) N2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p 2x , = π2p 2y , σ2p 2z
It is a diamagnetic due to zero unpaired electron It is a diamagnetic

363. When oxyhaemoglobin changes to de- Thus magnetic moment of lanthanoids is given by,
oxyhaemoglobin, Fe2+ ion changes from
µ = g J ( J + 1)
(a) diamagnetic to paramagnetic
(b) paramagnetic to diamagnetic Where J = L – S when the shell is less than half fill
(c) diamagnetic to ferromagnetic J = L + S when the shell is more than half fill
(d) paramagnetic to ferromagnetic 1 S ( S + 1) − L ( L + 1)
and g = 1 +
AP - EAMCET (Medical) - 2007 2 2J ( J + 1)
Ans. (a) : When oxyhaemoglobin changes to
deoxyhaemoglobin, Fe2+ ion changes from diamagnetic 368. Assertion: B2 molecule is diamagnetic.
to paramagnetic. Reason: The highest occupied molecular
orbital is of σ type.
364. Which one of the following oxides is expected to (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
exhibit paramagnetic behavior? the Reason is correct explanation of the
(a) CO2 (b) SO2 Assertion.
(c) ClO2 (d) SiO2 (b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but
JIPMER-2007 Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Ans. (c) : The structure of ClO2 is – Assertion.
(c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is
incorrect.
incorrect.
In ClO2 has unpaired electron its show paramagnetic correct.
365. The transition metals mostly are AIIMS-2005
(a) Diamagnetic Ans. (d): Molecular orbital diagram of B2 is-
(b) Paramagnetic
B2= σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p1x = π2p1y
(c) neither diamagnetic nor paramagnetic
(d) both diamagnetic and paramagnetic In B2 it has two unpaired it is paramagnetic and the
CG PET -2006 highest occupied molecular orbital is π-type.
Ans. (b) : Transition metal mostly are show 369. Assertion: Ozone is a powerful oxidising agent
paramagnetic behavior paramagnetism is a property in comparison to O2.
which is shown by the elements having unpaired Reason: Ozone is diamagnetic but O2 is
electrons. In transition metals (n–1) d-orbitals are paramagnetic.
unpaired electron increases from one of five, the (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
paramagnetic character increases. the Reason is correct explanation of the
Assertion.
366. The number of paired electrons is Xe atom of
XeF2 is
(a) 3 (b) 5 Assertion.
(c) 4 (d) 2 (c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is
CG PET -2006 incorrect.
Ans. (a) : The structure of XeFe2 is– (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
correct.
AIIMS-2005
Ans. (b): Ozone (O3) is a powerful oxidizing agent in
In XeF2, the number of lone pair (paired electron) on Xe comparison to O2 due to decomposes readily under
is three and bond pair is two. The geometry of XeF2 is normal condition.
trigonal bipyramidol and shape is linear. decompose
O3  → O 2 + [ O ] nascent oxygen
367. The magnetic moment of lanthanide ions is O2 is a paramagnetic due to presence of two unpaired
determined from which one of the following electron, while O3 is diamagnetic.
relation? 370. Electrons in a paramagnetic compound are:
(a) µ = n ( n + 2 ) (b) µ = g J ( J + 1) (a) Shared (b) Unpaired
(c) Donated (d) Paired
(c) µ = g n ( n + 1) (d) µ = 2 n ( n + 1) UPTU/UPSEE-2004
VITEEE- 2006 Ans. (b) : A paramagnetic electrons is an unpaired
Ans. (b) : In case of lanthanoids, 4f–orbitals lie too electron. An atom is considered paramagnetic if even
deep and hence the magnetic effect of the motion of the one orbital has a net spin. An atom could have ten
electron in its orbital is not quenched out. Here spin diamagnetic electrons but as long as it also has one
contribution (S) and orbital contribution (L) couple paramagnetic electron it is still considered as
together to give a new quantum number ‘J’. paramagnetic atom.

371. Assertion: Water is liquid but H2S is a gas. Ans. (a) : The molecular orbital configuration are–
Reason : Oxygen is paramagnetic. (i) O 22 − = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2
the Reason is correct explanation of the σ2p2z , π2p2x = π2p2y , π* 2p2x = π* 2p2y
Assertion. It is diamagnetic.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but (ii) O +2 = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 σ2p 2z
Assertion. π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π* 2p1x = π* 2p y
(c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is It is paramagnetic.
incorrect. (iii) O2 = σ1s , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2
2
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
(e) If the Assertion is incorrect but the Reason is σ2p 2z , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π* 2p1x = π* 2p1y
correct. It is paramagnetic
AIIMS-1999 (iv)NO = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ 2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ 2p z2 , π2p1x , = π2p 2y
Ans. (b): Water is liquid but H2S is gas due to which
hydrogen bond in water. π * 2p1x = π * 2p y
Gaseous oxygen is paramagnetic because oxygen It is paramagnetic
molecule has two unpaired electron Thus, reason does 375. Among the following species, the diamagnetic
not justify assertion so, option (b) is correct. molecule is
372. Of the species H +2 , He 2+ , and O 2+ , all are (a) CO (b) B2
(a) diamagnetic (b) paramagnetic (c) NO (d) O2
(c) stable (d) unstable JEE Main 2019
J & K CET-(1997) Ans. (a) : The molecular orbital configuration are–
Ans. (b) : The molecular orbital configuration are (i) CO= σ 1s 2
, σ *1s 2
, σ 2s 2
, σ * 2s 2
, π 2p 2
x
= π 2p 2
y
, σ 2Pz2
(i) H +2 = σ1s1 It is a diamagnetic
It is a paramagnetic due to one unpaired electron. (ii) B2= σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p1x = π2p1y
(ii) He +2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s1 It is a paramagnetic
It is a paramagnetic due to one unpaired electron. (iii)NO = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ 2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ 2p z2 , π2p1x , = π2p 2y
(iii) O +2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p 2z , π2p 2x = π * 2p1 = π * 2p
x y
π2p 2y, = π * 2p1x = π * 2p y It is paramagnetic
It is a paramagnetic due to one unpaired electron. (iv) O2 = (σ2s)2(σ*2s)2(σ*2pz)2(π 2p 2x = π 2p 2y )
Hence, the species H +2 , He 2+ and O +2 are all (π* 2p1x = π* 2p1y )
paramagnetic
373. Which of the following molecules is It is a paramagnetic
paramagnetic?
(a) P2O5 (b) NO2 4. Bond Order, Bond Length,
(c) H2S2O7 (d) N2O5 Bond Angle, Bond Energy
AIIMS-1996
Ans. (b) : The structure of the following are- 376. Amongst the following which one will have
(i) P2O5 (ii) NO2 (iii) H2S2O7 maximum ‘lone pair-lone pair' electron
repulsions?
(a) IF5 (b) SF4
(c) XeF2 (d) CIF3
NEET-17.07.2022
Ans. (c) :
(iv) N2 O5
In NO2 molecule has one paired electrons its

paramagnetic in nature.
374. Which of the following species exhibits
diamagnetic behavior?
(a) O 22− (b) O +2
(c) O2 (d) NO In XeF2 has 3 lone pair and have maximum lone pair-
AIEEE 2007 lone pair electron repulsion.
377. Which amongst the following is incorrect Ans. (c) : The electrolysis and hydrolysis of given
statement? reaction is as given below–
(a) C2 molecule has four electrons in its two 2HSO − (aq)  electrolysis
→ HO3SOOSO3 H (aq)
4
degenerate π molecular orbital's.
↓ Hydrolysis
(b) H +2 ion has one electron.
2HSO −4 + 2H + + H 2 O 2 (aq)
(c) O+2 ion is diamagnetic. ( A)
0
(d) The bond orders of O 2 ,O 2 ,O 2 and O 2 are Hence, the dihedral angle of (A) is 90.2
+ − 2−
2.5, 2, 1.5 and 1, respectively. 380. According to molecular orbital theory, bond
NEET-17.07.2022 order in increasing order will be
(a) O 22 + < O 2 < O −2 < O 22 −
Ans. (c) : O +2 is a paramagnetic due to electron are
unpaired. (b) O 22 − < O 2− < O 2 < O 22 +
For O +2 =σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2p 2z , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , (c) O 2 < O 22 − < O 2− < O 22 +
π *2p1x = π * 2p y (d) O 2 < O 22 + < O −2 < O 22 −
No. of bonding e − − No. of antibonding e − JEE Main-26.06.2022, Shift-I

Bond order = CG PET -2009
2
10 − 5 Karnataka-CET-2016
=
2 NEET-2015, cancelled
= 2.5 Tripura JEE-2021
Hence, O +2 is paramagnetic in nature. Ans. (b) : The given species are O 2+ – 2–
2 , O 2 , O 2 and O 2 .
378. The correct order of bond orders of C2– 2– – 2+
2 , N 2 , Total number of e in O 2 = 14
O 2–
2 is respectively
2 2
(σ2s) (σ* 2s)
2 2
∴ MO configuration = (σ1s) σ*1s ( )
(a) C 2–
2 < N 2–
2 < O 22− (b) O 22− < N 2–
2 <C 2–
2
(c) C 2– 2− 2–
2 < O2 < N 2 (d) N 2– 2– 2−
2 < C2 < O2
(π2p2x = π2p2y ) (σ2pz )2
JEE Main-24.06.2022, Shift-II No of Bonding e – – No of Antibonding e –
Bond Order =
Ans. (b) : 2
2 = σ1s , σ *1s , σ 2s , σ * 2s , π2p x = π2p y , σ 2p z
(i) C 2– 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 10 – 4
Bond Order = =3
10 – 4 2
Bond order = =3 Total number of e– in O2 = 16
2 2 2
2 2
(ii) N 22− = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p 2z (
∴ MO configuration = (σ1s) σ*1s (σ2s) σ* 2s ) ( )
π2p 2x = π2p2y , π * 2p1x = π * 2p1y (σ2p z ) (π2p2x = π2p 2y ) (π∗ 2p1x = π∗ 2p1y )
2
10 − 6
Bond order = =2 Bond Order =
10 – 6
=2
2 2
(iii) O 22− = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ 2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p 2z , Total number of e − in O 2– = 17
π2p 2x = π2p2y , π * 2p 2x = π * 2p2y 2 2 2 2
10 − 8
(
∴ MO configuration = (σ1s) σ*1s (σ2s) σ* 2s ) ( )
Bond order = =1
(σ2p z ) (π2p2x = π2p 2y ) (π∗ 2p 2x = π∗ 2p1y )
2
2
Hence, the bond order is
10 – 7
C 22− > N 22− > O 22− Bond Order =
= 1.5
2
379. Consider the following reaction:
Total number of e– in O 2–
2 = 18
2HSO 4– (aq) 
(1) Electrolysis
→ 2HSO –
4 + 2H +
+ A
(2) Hydrolysis Similarly,
The dihedral angle in product A in its solid 10 – 8
phase at 110 K is: Bond order = =1
o o 2
(a) 104 (b) 111.5
Hence, the order of bond order will be–
(c) 90.2o (d) 111.0o
JEE Main-26.06.2022, Shift-I O 2– –
2 < O2 < O2 < O2
2+

381. The decreasing order of bond angle is 10 − 6
Bond order = =2
(a) NO 2 > NO 2+ > NO 2– 2
O 22− = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p z2 , π2p x2 = π2p y2 , π * 2p 2x = π * 2p 2y
(b) NO 2– > NO 2 > NO 2+
10 − 8
(c) NO 2+ > NO 2 > NO 2– Bond order = =1
2
(d) NO 2+ > NO 2– > NO 2 In O3 no. of bonds between the atoms is 3. The number
of canonical forms of O3 is 2.
NEET-2015, cancelled
WB-JEE-2013 3
Bond order = = 1.5
NEET-2008 2
J & K CET-(2004) Thus, the increasing order of bond order is
Ans. (c) : The species are NO2, NO +2 and NO 2– O 22− < O3 < O 2
Since, bond order inversely proportional to bond length
then the order is O 22− > O3 > O 2
384. The ONO angle is maximum is:
(a) NO3− (b) NO −2
As well as % s character increases, the bond angle of
central atom with surrounding atom is also increases. (d) NO +2
(c) NO2
Thus, the decreasing order of bond angle will be– Assam CEE-2014
NO +2 > NO 2 > NO 2– BCECE-2010
382. The correct order of bond angles (smallest AIIMS-2004
first) in H2S, NH3, BF3, and SiH4 is Ans. (d): The bond angle is maximum in NO +2 is 180o.
(a) H2S < SiH4 < NH3 < BF3 It is a linear geometry.
(b) NH3 < H2S < SiH4 < BF3 (i) NO3− (ii) NO −2 (iii) NO 2
(c) H2S < NH3 < SiH4 < BF3
(d) H2S < NH3 < BF3 < SiH4
AMU-2016
Assam CEE-2014
AIEEE-2004
Ans. (c) : The structure of the following species –
(i) H2S (ii) NH3 (iii) SiH4

(iv) NO +2
385. Which of the following stability order is

correct?
(a) O 22− > O −2 > O 2 > O +2
(b) O +2 > O 2 > O −2 > O 22−
(iv) BF3 (c) O +2 > O 2 > O −2 > O 22−
(d) O 2 > O +2 > O 22− > O 2−
AMU-2014, 2005
BITSAT-2007
Ans. (b) : Bond order is higher it mean that atom are
held together more tightly. Therefore the stability is
increase.
Hence, the increasing order of bond angles (i) O +2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p z2 ,
H2S < NH3 < SiH4 < BF3 π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π * 2p1x = π * 2p y
383. The correct bond length order is 10 − 5
(a) O 2 < O3 < O 22− (b) O 2 < O 22− < O3 Bond order = 2.5
2
(c) O 22− < O3 < O 2 (d) O 2 = O 22− > O3 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p 2z ,
(ii) O2
BCECE-2018 π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π * 2p1x = π * 2p1y
AIIMS-2017, 2007
Ans. (a): : The MOT electronic configuration is – 10 − 6
Bond order =2
O 2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2pz 2 , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π * 2p1x = π * 2p1y 2

(iii) O −2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p 2z , Ans. (c): Bond angle of H2S is 92o and H2O is 104o 31.
As the electronegativity of central atom decreases bond
π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π * 2p1x = π * 2p1y angle decreases. In case of sulphur is less electronegative
10 − 7 than oxygen. Thus the bond pair in H2S are more away
Bond order = 1.5 from the central atom than in H2O Since, repulsive force
2 between bond pairs are smaller bond angle.
(iv) O 22− = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p 2z , 389. Assertion: Molecular nitrogen is less reactive
π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π * 2p 2x = π * 2p 2y than molecular oxygen.
Reason: The bond length of N2 is shorter than
10 − 8
Bond order =1 that of oxygen.
2 (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
Hence, the stability order is – the Reason is correct explanation of the
O +2 > O 2 > O −2 > O 22− Assertion.
386. The correct order of C – O bond length among Reason is not a correct explanation of the
CO, CO 23 − ,CO2 is Assertion.
(a) CO < CO2 < CO32- (b) CO2 < CO32- < CO (c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is
incorrect.
(c) CO < CO32- < CO2 (d) CO32- < CO2 < CO (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are
BCECE-2016 incorrect.
CG PET- 2015 (e) If the Assertion is incorrect but the Reason is
AMU-2013 correct.
Ans. (a) : A bond length is the average distance AIIMS-2007, 2006
between the centers of nuclei of two bonded atom. Ans. (a): Molecular nitrogen is less reactive than
Double or triple bond is always shorter than the molecular oxygen because molecular nitrogen to gain
corresponding single bond. octet by 3 electron but molecular oxygen to gain octet
by 2 electron. The bond length of N2 is shorter than
In CO32− , C–atom is sp2 hybridised. The bond length in oxygen because molecular nitrogen has triple bond
C – O is 133 pm between nitrogen atom.
In CO2 , C–atom is sp hybridised. The bond length in 390. In Fe(CO)5, the Fe–C bond possesses
C–O is 122 pm. (a) ionic character
In CO , C–atom is sp hybridised and bond length is 110 (b) σ-character only
pm. (c) π-character only
So, the order of C – O bond length is
(d) bond σ and π-character
CO < CO2 < CO32− AMU-2013
387. The pair of species that has the same bond AIEEE-2006
order in the following is Ans. (d) : In metal carbonyl compound possess both σ
(a) CO, NO+ (b) NO–,CN– and π character. In Fe(CO)5 , dπ–pπ metal to ligand
(c) O2, N2 (d) O2, B2 back bonding in Fe – C bond of Fe(CO)5.
AIIMS-2016 391. Which of the following has the largest bond
Karnataka NEET-2013 length?
Ans. (a) : CO = 6+8=14 electrons (a) O +2 (b) O2
NO+= 7+8–1=14 electrons
(c) O −2 (d) O 22−
Both have same electronic configuration is:
AMU-2004, 2003
σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , σ2p z2 , π2p x2 = π2p 2y +
Ans. (d) : Bond order in O 2 = 2.5
10 – 4
So both have bond order = =3 Bond order in O2 = 2
2
Bond order in O −2 = 1.5
388. Assertion: Bond angle of H2S is smaller than
H 2O Bond order in O −2 2 = 1
Reason: Electronegativity of the central atom ∴ O −2 2 has the largest bond length.
increases, bond angle decrease.
the Reason is the correct explanation of 392. What is the correct sequence of bond order?
Assertion (a) O2+> O2–> O2 (b) O2> O2–> O2+
+ –
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but (c) O2 > O2 >O2 (d) O2–> O2+ >O2
Reason is not the correct explanation of TS-EAMCET-04.08.2021, Shift-I
Assertion. AMU 2002
+ −
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect Ans. (c): The species are O 2 , O 2 and O2. The
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect molecular electronic configuration is given below-
AIIMS-2013, 2011 O2+(Total electron 15)
= σ1s 2 σ*1s 2 σ2s 2 σ* 2s 2 σ 2p z2 π2p x2 = π2p 2y π* 2p1x (a) C < B < A < D (b) B < C < A < D
(c) D < C < A < B (d) B < A < C < D
10 − 5 Karnataka-CET-2011
Bond order = = 2.5
2 NEET-1992
−
Similarly, O 2 (Total electron = 17) Ans. (d) : In C2 6H , carbon-carbon bond is single (1.54
Å).
10 − 7
Bond order = = 1.5 In C6H6, carbon-carbon bond is partially double
2 (1.39 Å).
and O2 (Total electron)= 16 In C2H4, carbon-carbon bond is double (1.34 Å)
10 − 6 In C2H2, carbon-carbon bond is triple (1.20 Å)
Bond order = =2
2 396. Arrange the following in the increasing order
Thus, the correct sequence of bond order is O +2 > O2 > of their bond order
−
O . O 2 , O 2+ ,O 2− and O 22 − :
2
(a) O 22 − ,O 2− , O 2 , O 2+ (b) O 22 − ,O 2− , O 2+ , O 2
393. Of the species, NO, NO + , NO 2+ and NO − , the
+ − 2−
one with minimum bond strength is (c) O , O 2 , O , O
2 2 2 (d) O 2 , O 2+ , O 2− , O 22 −
(a) NO + (b) NO Manipal-2019
(c) NO 2+ (d) NO − Karnataka-CET, 2009
(JEE Main 2020, 5 Sep. Shift-I) Species : O 22 − O 2− O2 O 2+
J & K CET-(2017) Ans. (a) :
Bond Order : 1 1.5 2 2.5
Ans. (d) : As we know, bond order is directly
proportional to the bond strength of the molecule. 397. The calculated bond order of superoxide ion
Firstly, we calculate the bond order i.e. O −2 is
10 – 5 (a) 2.5 (b) 2
NO (Total e– = 15) ⇒ B.O. = 2.5 (c) 1.5 (d) 1
2 J & K CET-(2015)
10 – 4 Karnataka-CET, 2008
NO+ (Total e– = 14) ⇒ B. O. = =3
2 Ans. (c) : The MO configuration of superoxide ion is–
9–4 2 2
O 2– (total e– = 17) = (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s ) σ∗ 2s
( ) ( )
2 2
NO2+ (Total e– = 13) ⇒ B. O. = = 2.5
2
(σ2pz ) (π2p2x = π2p 2y ) (π∗ 2p2x = π∗ 2p1y )
2
10 – 6
NO– (Total e– = 16) ⇒ B. O. = =2
2
N b − N a 10 − 7 3
Greater is the bond order, smaller is the bond length. As Bond order = = = = 1.5
the bond order increases, the bond strength increases as 2 2 2
atoms in bonding come closer to each other. Hence, 398. The sequence that correctly describes the
NO– has minimum bond strength. relative bond strength pertaining to oxygen
394. Which one of the following compounds has the molecule and its cation or anions is:
smallest bond angle ? (a) O22– >O2– > O2 > O2+
(a) SO2 (b) H2O (b) O2 > O2+ >O2– > O22–
(c) SH2 (d) NH3 (c) O2+ > O2 > O22– > O2–
(AIEEE-2003) (d) O2+ > O2 > O2– > O22–
JCECE - 2008 (e) O2 > O2– > O22– > O2+
Ans. (c) : The species are given below– Manipal-2018
Kerala-CEE-2006
Ans. (d) : Bond strength or stability of the molecule or
ion depends on the bond order. Bond order is directly
proportional to the bond strength. The higher is the
bond order, the higher will be bond strength or stability
of ion.
Molecule / ions Bond order
2–
O2 1
According to the VSEPR theory– SH2 has two lone pair O 2– 1.5
with two bond pair repulsion due to which they get O2 2
minimize the angle (S has greater size than oxygen).
O +2 2.5
395. Increasing order of carbon-carbon bond length
Thus, the order of bond strength of the given species
for the following is will be –
C 2H 4 C 2H 2 C 6H 6 C 2H 6
O +2 > O 2 > O 2– > O 22–
(A) (B) (C) (D)
399. Which of the following pair have identical bond
order?
(a) CN– and NO+ (b) CN – and O 2–
(c) CN – and CN + (d) NO+ and O –2
(e) O –2 and CN +
Kerala-CEE-2017, 2009 Hybridisation = 4 + 1 = 5 (sp3d)
Ans. (a) : The molecule which have same number of The two S – F bond (axial bond) are longer than the
total electron having the identical bond order. two S – F bond (equitorial bond) due to the bond pair –
(a) CN– and NO+ bond pair repulsion. Hence, SF4 has unequal bond
2 2 length.
CN– (total e– = 14) = (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s ) σ∗ 2s
( ) ( )
2 2
(d) The structure of BF4– is same with the SiF4. Hence,
(π2p2x = π2p2y ) (σ2pz )2 both have regular geometry with same bond length.
6–4 402. Given below are two statement : one is labelled

Bond order = =2 as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
2 Reason (R).
6–4 Assertion (A) : The H—O—H bond angle in
NO+ (total e– = 14) = =1
2 water molecule is 104.5º.
– –
(b) CN (total e = 14) (c) CN– (total e– = 14) Reason (R) : The lone pair-lone pair repulsion
– –
O 2 (total e = 17) CN+ (total e– = 12) of electrons is higher than the bond pair - bond
+ –
(d) NO (total e = 14) (e) O2– (total e– = 17) pair repulsion.
(a) A is false but R is true.
O 2– (total e– = 17) CN+ (total e– = 12) (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct
400. H–O–O bond angle in H2O2 is explanation of A.
(a) 90o (b) 180o (c) A is true but R is false.
(c) 109.5o (d) 94.8o (d) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct
explanation of A.
UP CPMT-2005
MHT CET-02.05.2019, SHIFT-II (JEE Main 2021, 16 March Shift-I)
Ans. (d): Ans. (d) : The water molecule molecule has two lone
pair electron on own central atom. According to the
VSEPR theory– the repulsion between two lone pair
reduces the bond angle between them i.e. 104.5°. The
repulsive interaction of electron pairs decreases in the order.
∴ H–O–O bond angle in H2O2 is 94.8 . o
Lone pair-Lone pair > Lone pair–Bond pair > Bond
401. Which among the following species has unequal pair-Bond pair.
bond lengths? Hence, both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and R
(a) XeF4 (b) SiF4 is the correct explanation of A.
(c) SF4 (d) BF4−
(JEE Main 2021, 25 Feb Shift-II)
Ans. (c) : The Species has regular geometry when there
are no any lone pair present on the central atom. The 403. The correct shape and I—I—I bond angles
structure of the given species is as under– respectively in I −3 , ion are
(a) Distorted trigonal planar, 135º and 90º
(b) T-shaped, 180º and 90º
(c) Trigonal planar, 120º
(d) Linear, 180º
(JEE Main 2021, 24 Feb Shift-II)
Ans. (d) : The given ions is I −3 . The hybridization of I −3
Hybridisation = 4 + 2 = 6 (sp3d2)
All Xe – F bonds are equal due to regular geometry is sp3d. The geometry of the molecule is linear with
180° bond angle.
Hybridisation = 4 + 0 = 4 (sp3)
All Si–F bonds are equal.

404. Match List-I with List-II. 407. Assertion (A) : The bond dissociation energy
List-I List-II increases from F2 to Cl2 and
(Molecule) (Bond order) then decreases to I2
(a) Ne2 (i) 1 Reason (R) : The low bond energy of
fluorine is due to the repulsion
(b) N2 (ii) 2 between the lone pairs of
(c) F2 (iii) 0 electrons in two fluorine
(d) O2 (iv) 3 atoms.
Choose the correct answer from the options The correct option among the following is :
given below: (a) (A) is true, (R) is true and (R) is the correct
(a) (a) → (i), (b) → (ii), (c) → (iii), (d) → (iv) explanation for (A)
(b) (A) is true, (R) is true but (R) is not the
(b) (a) → (iv), (b) → (iii), (c) → (ii), (d) → (i) correct explanation for (A)
(c) (a) → (ii), (b) → (i), (c) → (iv), (d) → (iii) (c) (A) is true but (R) is false
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true
(d) (a) → (iii), (b) → (iv), (c) → (i), (d) → (ii)
JEE Main 26.02.2021,Shift-II
Ans. (a) : The bond dissociation energy increases from
Ans. (d) : According to molecular orbital theory F2 to Cl2 and then decreases to I2
electrons in a molecule are not assigned to individual The bond energy of Fluorine is due to the repulsion
chemical bonds between atoms. between the lone pair of electrons in two fluorine atoms.
Molecule Bond order Hence, A and R is true and (R) is the correct
Ne2 0 explanation for (A).
N2 3 408. Given below are two statements: one is labeled
as Assertion A and the other is labeled as
F2 1
Reason R:
O2 2 Assertion A : The H–O–H bond angle in water
Note-Bond order is a measurement of the number of molecule is 104.50.
electrons involved in bonds between two atoms in a Reason R : The lone pair-lone pair repulsion of
molecule. electrons is higher than the bond pair -bond pair
405. The molecule which has the maximum bond repulsion.
enthalpy is? In the light of the above statements, choose the
(a) N2 (b) HF correct answer from the options given below:
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct
(c) F2 (d) CO
explanation of A
TS-EAMCET 09.08.2021, Shift-I (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct
Ans. (d) : explanation of A
Molecule Bond Enthalpy (kJ/mol.) (c) A is true but R is false
N2 –– 945 (d) A is false but R is true
HF –– 565 JEE Main 16.03.2021, Shift-I
F2 –– 159 Ans. (a) : The given assertion and reason both are true.
CO –– 1070 The H–O–H bond angle in water molecule is 104.5o
because of lone pair-lone pair repulsion the bond angle
406. The order of the average bond length of the decreases from 109.50 to 104.50.
given bonds is
(a) C = O < C = N < C ≡ C < N − O
(b) C ≡ C < C = O < C = N < N − O
(c) C ≡ C < C = O < N − O < C = N
(d) C = N < C = O < N − O < C ≡ C
TS-EAMCET (Engg.), 06.08.2021
3
Ans. (c): Bond length is defined as the average distance In water O-atom is sp hybridized with 2B.P & 2L.P
between nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule. 409. Which among the following species has unequal
1 bond lengths ?
∴ Bond length ∝ (a) XeF4 (b) SiF4
bond order
(c) SF4 (d) BF4–
C ≡ C< C = O < N − O < C = N
So, 
increasing order of bond length
→ JEE Main 25.02.2021, Shift-II
Ans. (c) : (i) The hybridisation of
Bond Bond length XeF4 = No. of b.p + No. of l.p
C≡O 1.20 = 4 + 2 = 6(sp3d2)
C=O 1.23 Octahedral geometry
N–O 1.36 (ii) SiF4 = No. of bond pair
C=N 1.38 = 4(sp3) hybridisation
(iii) SF4 = No. of bond pair + No. of lone pair 413. Which of the following represents the correct
= 4+1 = 5(sp3d) order of Cl–O bond lengths in
ClO − ,ClO 2− ,ClO −2 ,ClO 4−?
(a) ClO −4 = ClO3− = ClO 2− = ClO −
(b) ClO − < ClO 2− < ClO3− < ClO −4
(c) ClO 4− < ClO3− < ClO 2− < ClO −
(d) ClO3− < ClO 4− < ClO 2− < ClO −
See–saw shape and axial bond length is more than [BITSAT-2021]
equatorial bond length. 1
Ans. (c) : Bond order ∝
(iv) BF4− = sp3 i.e, Tetrahedral shape Bond length
410. How many among the given species have a When bond order is increase then the bond length
bond order of 0.5? decrease,
+ + - + - 2-
H 2 . He 2 . He2 . B 2 . F2 . Be 2 For ClO − ,ClO 2,− ClO3− , and ClO 4− , the bond order are 1,
(a) 2 (b) 3 1.5, 1.66 and 1.75 respectively
(c) 1 (d) 4 Therefore, the order of bond length is
− − − −
AP EAPCET 19-08-2021, Shift-II ClO 4 < ClO3 < ClO 2 < ClO
Ans. (d) : Given species - H +2 , He2+ , He2− , B2+ , F2− ,Be 22− 414. The difference between bond orders of CO and
Total valence electron is written as - NO ⊕ is x/2 where x = ...... .
H +2 = 1, He +2 = 4 − 1 = 3, He2− = 4 + 1 = 5, B2+ = 6 − 1 = 5, (Round off to the nearest integer).
(a) 1 (b) 2
F2− = 14 + 1 = 15 , Be 22− = 4 + 2 = 6 (c) 3 (d) 0
Formula - (JEE Main 2021, 27 July Shift-I)
No.of bonding e − − No.of antibonding e − Ans. (d) : As we know that CO and NO+ have equal no
Bond order =
2 of total electron so they have same bond order i.e.
1 − 0 1 3 − 2 1 Total e– = 14
∴ H +2 = = B+2 = = 2 2
2
2 −1 1
2 2
11 − 4
2 ( 2
)
∴ MO configuration = (σ1s ) σ*1s (σ2s) σ* 2s (2
)
He +2 = = Fe −2 = = 3.5 2
2 2 2 ( )
π2p 2x = π2p 2y (σ2Pz )
2
3− 2 1 4−2
He 2− = = Be 22− = =1 10 – 4
2 2 2 B.O. = =3
411. Which of the following is the correct sequence 2
of bond-energies? According to the question–
(a) (O – O) > (S – S) > (Se – Se) > (Te – Te) x
Difference between bond order of CO and NO+ =
(b) (Te – Te) > (Se – Se) > (S – S ) > (O – O) 2
(c) (S – S) > (Se – Se) > (O – O) > (Te – Te) x
(d) (Te – Te) > (O – O) > (Se – Se) > (S – S) or 3–3=
2
AP- EAPCET- 07-09-2021, Shift-I
x
Ans. (c) : Bond energy is defined is measure of the or 0=
bond strength of a chemical bond. So the order is - 2
S – S > Se – Se > O – O > Te – Te or x = 0
412. How many among the given species have a 415. The amount of energy required to break a
bond is same as the amount of energy released
bond order of 3?
when the same bond is formed. In gaseous
CO, NO+, C 22− , O 22+ , CN–, NO state, the energy required for homolytic
(a) 1 (b) 3 cleavage of a bond is called Bond Dissociation
(c) 5 (d) 4 Energy (BDE) or Bond Strength. BDE is
AP- EAPCET- 07-09-2021, Shift-I affected by s-character of the bond and the
stability of the radicals formed. Shorter bonds
Ans. (c) : Bond order is the number of chemical bonds are typically stronger bonds. BDEs for some
between a pair of atoms, bonds are given below :
No.of bonding e − − No.of anti bonding e −
Bond order =
2 Cl–Cl(g) → Cl•(g) + Cl•(g) ∆H° = 58 kcal mol–1
So, CO, NO+, C22, O22+, CN– has bond order is 3 and H3C–Cl(g)→H3C•(g)+Cl•(g) ∆H°=85 kcal mol–1
NO. has bond order 2.5 H–Cl(g) → H•(g) + Cl•(g) ∆H° = 103 kcal mol–1
Correct match of the C–H bonds (shown in 418. The correct order of Sulphur oxygen bond
bold) in Column J with their BDE in Column K order in SO3, S2 O 2– 2–
3 and SO 4 are
is
(a) SO 2– 2–
4 < S2 O 3 < SO3
Column J Column K
(b) SO 2–4 < SO3 < S2 O 3
2–
Molecule BDE(kcal mol -1 )
(c) S2 O32– < SO 2–
4 < SO3
(P) H – CH(CH 3 )2 (i) 132
(d) S2 O3 < SO3 < SO 2–
2–
4
(Q) H – CH 2 Ph (ii) 110
AP EAPCET 20.08.2021 Shift-I
(R) H – CH = CH 2 (iii) 95
Ans. (c) : Bond order is the number of chemical bonds
(S) H – C ≡ CH (iv) 88 between a pair of atoms.
(a) P – iii, Q – iv, R – ii, S – i SO3 = 2
(b) P – i, Q – ii, R – iii, S – iv SO 2–
4 = 1.5
(c) P – iii, Q – ii, R – i, S – iv S2 O32– = 1.33
(d) P – ii, Q – i, R – iv, S – iii 2– 2–
JEE advance 2021 So decreasing order SO3 > SO 4 > S2 O3
Ans. (a) : 419. Bond order is an inverse measure of ––
H − CH(CH3 ) 2 → HC& − CH3 (a) Bond-length
| (b) Bond-angle
CH 3 (c) Bond dissociation energy
&
H − CH 2 Ph → CH 2 − Ph (d) Stability
• AP EAPCET 20.08.2021 Shift-I
H – CH = CH 2  → C H = C H2 Ans. (a) : Bond order is the number of chemical bonds
H − C ≡ CH → C& ≡ CH between a pair of atoms.
Order of stability of free radical is Q > P > R > S 1
1 Bond order ∝
Stability of free radical ∝ bond length
Bond energy Since the bond order increases bond length decreases.
∴ Order of bond energy– S > R > P > Q 420. Assuming AB is an ionic compound and rc, ra
416. Which of the following set contains same bond are the ionic radii of A+ and B– respectively.
angle around central atom? The lattice energy of the compound AB is
(a) CH4, SF4 NH3 (b) NF3, BCl3, NH3 proportional to:
(c) BF3, BCl3, BBr3 (d) BF3, NF3, AlCl3
r
TS EAMCET 10.08.2021, Shift-I (a) c
Ans. (c) : Bond angle depend on hybridization on ra
central atom. 1
Species Hybridization (b)
rc + ra
BF3 sp2
2
BCl3 sp r
(c) a
BBr3 sp2 rc
417. How many among the given species have the
highest bond order? CN–, CO, NO+, O2+, O2, N2 (d) (rc + ra )
(a) 5 (b) 2 AP EAPCET-6 Sep. 2021, Shift-II
(c) 3 (d) 4 Ans. (b) : According to Coulomb’s law, Lattice energy
TS EAMCET 10.08.2021, Shift-I is inversely proportional to the internuclear distance of
Ans. (d) : Bond Order = the given ionic solid.
No.of bonding e− − No.antibonding e − Lattice energy (U) ∝ c a
q .q
2 rc + ra
The lactic energy of the compound AB is
proportional to
1
⇒ U∝
rc + ra
421. The compound that has the largest H—M—H

bond angle (M = N, O, S, C) is
(a) H2O (b) NH3
(c) H2S (d) CH4
Bond order represent number of bond between two atom. (JEE Main 2020, 5 Sep Shift-II)
Ans. (d)
(a)
(d)
Hybridisation = Bond pair + Lone pair
=2+2
= 4 (sp3)
Ans. (c) : The potential energy curve for the diatomic
molecule i.e. H2 as a function of internuclear distance
(b)
which is expressed by the Born–Oppenheimer
approximation.
(c)
Hybridisation = 2 + 2 = sp3 (4)
(d)
Hence, CH4 has the largest H–M–H bond angle.
422. The potential energy curve for the H2 molecule
as a function of internuclear distance is 423. Arrange the following bonds according to their
average bond energies in descending order
C—Cl, C—Br, C—F, C—I
(a) C—F > C—Cl > C—Br > C —I
(a)
(b) C—Br > C —I > C —Cl > C — F
(c) C—I > C—Br > C — Cl > C — F
(d) C — Cl > C — Br > C — I > C — F
(JEE Main 2020, 8 Jan. Shift-II)
Ans. (a) : As we move down on the halogen group the
electronegativity decreases and size of element
increases due to which the average bond energy is also
decreases.
Bond Bond enthalpies / kJmol–1
(b)
C–F 452
C – Cl 351
C – Br 293
C –I 234
424. The formal charge on central oxygen atom in
ozone is
(a) –1 (b) 0
(c) +2 (d) +1
(c) Karnataka-CET-2020
Ans. (d) : The Lewis structure of O3 may be drawn as :

10 − 8
O 22− (18e − ) : BO = =1
Total no. of non - 2
bonding electron 10 − 4
NO + (14e − ) : BO = =3
2
10 − 8
F2 (18e− ) : BO =
Total no. of
–1/2 bonding electron =1
2
10 − 6
1 N 22− (16e− ) : BO = =2
Formal charge = 6 – 2 – × 6 = 6 – 2 – 3 = +1 2
2 10 − 7
The Formal charge on central oxygen atom in ozone is +1. O −2 (17e − ) : BO = = 1.5
2
425. Bond angle in PH 4+ is more than that of PH3. 10 − 4
CO (14e − ) : BO = =3
This is because 2
+
(a) lone pair-bond pair repulsion exists in PH3 So, (N2, CO, NO ) have similar bond order, 3.
(b) PH +4 has square planar structure 428. Which among the following represents the
(c) PH3 has planar trigonal structure correct order of variation of bond angles in the
(d) hybridisation of P change when PH3 is given molecules ?
(a) NH3 > NF3 > PCl3 > BF3
converted to PH +4 .
(b) BF3 > PCl3 > NH3 > NF3
Karnataka-CET-2020 (c) BF3 > NH3 > PCl3 > NF3
Ans. (a) : According to the VSEPR theory, the (d) BF3 > NH3 > NF3 > PCl3
structure of PH +4 and PH3 are drawn below– AP EAMCET (Engg.) 21.09.2020, Shift-II
Ans. (d) : Bond angle in BF3 (120º), NH3(107º),
NF3(102º) and PCl3(100º).
Due to the absence of lone pair-bond pair repulsion and

presence of four identical bond pair-bond pair Hence, the correct option is (d).
interactions, PH +4 assumes tetrahedral with 109.5° 429. The relationship between the dissociation
bond angle whereas PH3 has lone pair repulsion and it’s energy of N2 and N +2 is
interaction reduces the angle i.e. 93.5°. (a) dissociation energy of N2 = dissociation
426. The correct order of bond energy (in kJ/mol) of energy of N +2
the following molecules is (b) dissociation energy of N2 can either be lower
(a) O2<B2<C2<N2 (b) B2<C2<O2<N2 or higher than the dissociation energy of N +2
(c) C2<O2<B2<N2 (d) B2<O2<C2<N2
(c) dissociation energy of N2> dissociation
(e) B2<O2<N2<C2
energy of N +2
Kerala-CEE-2020
Ans. (d) : Bond energy is directly proportional to bond (d) dissociation energy of N +2 > dissociation
order. Here, N2 has highest bond order equal to 3 and B2 energy of N2.
has lowest bond order equal to 1. So, order will be, COMEDK 2019
B2<O2<C2<N2 Ans. (c) : N2 (14e–) =
427. Which of the following sets of species have σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , σ2p z2
similar bond order ?
B.O. of N2>B.O. of N +2
(a) N 2 ,O 22− , NO + (b) N 2 ,F2 ,O 22−
Thus, dissociation energy of N2> Dissociation energy of N +2 .
(c) N 2 , N −2 ,O −2 (d) N 2 ,CO, NO +
430. The correct order of S-S bond length in
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 17.09.2020 Shift-I following oxyanions is:
Nb − Na (I) S2 O 24− (II) S2 O52− (III) S2 O62−
Ans. (d) : Bond order, BO =
2 (a) I > II > III (b) I > III > II
10 − 4
N 2 (14e − ) : BO = =3 (c) III > II > I (d) III > I > II
2 AIIMS 25 May 2019 (Evening)

Ans. (a): The structure of the following are
(i) S2 O 2–
4 (ii) S2 O52– (iii) S2 O62–
2 ( lone pair – lone pair) 1 (lp–lp) All (bp –bp) Total no. of P– O – P bond = 6
2 (bond pair – bond pair 2 (bp – bp) (repulsion) Total no. of P = O bond = 4
Repulsion) Total no. of P–P bond = O
According to the bent rule repulsion is maximum then 433. What is the correct order of bond dissociation
bond length is maximum energy?
Hence, the order is I > II > III. (a) Br2 > Cl2 (b) F2 > Cl2
+ − (c) I2 > F2 (d) F2 > I2
431. Assertion: H 2 and H 2 ions have the same bond
order
Ans. (d): Fluorine has a small atomic size and 2p subs
Reason: H +2 is less stable than H −2 . bell is compact and close to the nucleus.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and On moving down the halogen family and dissociation
Reason is the correct explanation of energy decrease. But in case of fluorine bond
Assertion. dissociation energy of fluorine is lower than chlorine
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but and bromine due to inter electronic repulsion present in
Reason is not the correct explanation of the small atom of fluorine
Assertion. Therefore, the order is –
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. Cl2 > Br2 >+ F2 > I2 .
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect. 434. NO has bond order
AIIMS 26 May 2019 (Evening) (a) 2 (b) 2.5
(c) 3 (d) 3.5
Ans. (c): The molecular orbital electronic configuration is –
(e) 4
(i) H +2 = σ1s1 Kerala-CEE-2019
It has 1 electron on σ bonding molecular orbital. Ans. (c) : In NO+ total no. of e– is 14
Bond order = No of bonding e − − No. of antibonding e −
Bond order=
No. of bonding e − − No. of antibonding e − 2
2 10 − 4
Bond order = =3
1− 0 2
= = 0.5
2 435. Bond angle is minimum for
(ii) H −2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s1 (a) H2O (b) H2S
(c) H2Se (d) H2Te
2 −1
Bond order = = 0.5 COMEDK 2018
2
Ans. (d) :The bond angle of hydride of 16 group
Thus, the bond order for both H +2 and H −2 is same but elements decreases on increasing the size of elements.
H +2 is more stable than H −2 due to absence of electron Hence, TeH2 has the least bond angle.
436. % s- character of N- H bonds is maximum in:
in antibonding orbital of H +2 .
(a) N2H2 (b) N2H4
432. In dimer of phosphorus pentaoxide, in what (c) NH3 (d) NH +4
order number of P – P, P = O & P – O – P
AIIMS-27 May,2018 (E)
bonds are there?
Ans. (a): The structure of the following are –
(a) P – O – P > P = O > P – P
(i) N2H2 (ii) N2H4
(b) P = O > P – O – P > P – P
(c) P – O – P > P – P > P = P
(d) P = O > P – P > P – O – P
Ans. (a): The structure of dimmer phosphorous penta
oxide. % s – character = 33 % % s – character = 25%

(ii) NH3 (ii) NH +4 440. Which of the following is not a true statements
about ozone?
(a) Both the O – O bonds in O3 are of equal
length
(b) Bond order lie in between 1 and 2
(c) O −− O −− O bond angle in O3 is
approximately 1160.
(d) Essential for breathing
BCECE-2017
Ans. (d) : In ozone, three oxygen-atoms are arranged in
% s – character = 25 % % s – character = 25% a bent shape. The central oxygen-atom makes one
So, % s-character of N–H bonds is maximum in N2H2. single bond with of the terminal oxygen atom and
437. Which pair of diatomic species do not have double bond with the other terminal oxygen atom
same bond order? (i) Both the O–O bond are equal length.
(a) B−2 ,C 2 (b) O −2 ,B2− (ii) Bond order lies between 1 and 2
+ + − (iii) O–O–O bond angle is O3 is approximately 116o .
(c) N 2 ,O 2 (d) O 2 ,C 2
441. The bond order in CN− ion is
AIIMS-27 May,2018 (M) (a) 2.5 (b) 3
Ans. (a): The MOT electronic configuration of the (c) 2 (d) 3.5
following is – CG PET -2017
B−2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p 2x = π2p1y Ans. (b) :
7−4 3 No of Bonding e – – No of Antibonding e –
Bond order = = = 1.5 Bond Order =
2 2 2
Total number of electrons in CN– ions
C 2 = σ1s , σ *1s , σ2s , σ * 2s , π2p x = π2p y
2 2 2 2 2 2
= 6 + 7 + 1 = 14
8−4 2 2
MO configuration = (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s ) σ∗ 2s
2 2
Bond order =
2
=2 ( ) ( )
Hence, B−2 and C2 pair of diatomic species do not have ( )( )
π2p 2x = π2p 2y σ 2p 2z
same bond order. Number of bonding electrons = 10
438. Among the following species, which has zero Number of anti-bonding electrons = 4
bond order? 10 − 4
(a) H2 (b) H +2 ∴ Bond order = =3
2
(c) He2 (d) He +2 442. There are two statements, one labelled as
Manipal-2018 Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R).
– 2 Examine both the statements carefully and
Ans. (c) : (a) H2 (total e = 2) = (σ1s) mark the correct choice.
2–0 (A) The H– O–H bond angle in H2O is greater
Bond order = =1 than
2 H–S–H bond angle in H2S.
(b) H +2 (total e– = 1) = (σ1s)1 (R) Due to larger size of S, hydrogen bonding
1– 0 does not occur in H2S.
Bond order = = 0.5 (a) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
2 correct explanation of (A).
(c) He2 (total e– = 4) = (σ1s)2 (σ *1s) 2 (b) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A).
2–2 (c) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.
Bond order = =0
2 (d) (A) is wrong but (R) is correct.
(d) He +2 (total e– = 3) = (σ1s) 2 (σ *1s)1 J & K CET-2017
Ans. (b) : H2O and H2S both have sp3 hybridisation.
2 –1 Sulphur is in more atomic size than O. As the size of
Bond order = = 0.5
2 central atom increases, electronegativity decreases and
Hence, He2 has the zero bond order. less repulsion occure between bond pair and lone pair.
439. The bond length (pm) of F2, H2, Cl2 and I2, That's way H2S has less bond angle than pair H2O.
respectively is 443. What will be the correct order of the C–F bond
(a) 144, 74, 199, 267 (b) 74, 144, 199, 267 distance among the following?
(c) 74, 267, 199, 144 (d) 144, 74, 267, 199 CHF3, CF4, CH3F and CH2F2
TS EAMCET-2017 (a) CH3F < CH2F2 < CHF3 < CF4
(b) CH2F2 > CH3F > CHF3 > CF4
Ans. (b) : The size of halogen atom increase on the (c) CH3F > CH2F2 > CHF3 > CF4
down the group then the bond length (X-X) of molecule (d) CH3F > CHF3 > CF4 > CH2F2
also increase. J & K CET-2017
Ans. (c) : As the number of F atoms increases, the 3– 3–
partial positive charge on the C atom increases. Hence, O O
it more strongly attracts the bond pair of electrons. O P O O P O
Hence, the bond strength increases and the bond length
decreases. Thus, the correct order of C – F bond length O O
will be– CH3F > CH2F2 > CHF3 > CF4 Number of bonds 5
444. The common features among CO, CN– and Bond order = = = 1.25
Number of resonating structures 4
NO + are Three unit negative charge is being shared by four O
(a) Bond order three and isoelectronic. atoms.
(b) Bond order three and weak field ligands. Formal charge = –3/4 = –0.75.
(c) Bond order two and π -acceptors.
447. The correct increasing order of bond order
(d) Bond order three and π -donors. values for the concerned species is
(e) Isoelectronic and strong field ligands. – +
(a) O2 < O2 < N2 < N2
Kerala-CEE-2017 – +
(b) O2 < O2 < N2 < N2
Ans. (a) : – +
2 2
(c) O2 < O2 < N2 < N2
CO (total e– = 14) = (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s ) σ∗ 2s
( ) ( )
2 2 – +
(d) O2 < O2 < N2 < N2
J & K CET-2016
(π2p2x = π2p2y ) (σ 2p2z ) Ans. (a) : The molecules are O 2– , O2, N +2 , N2.
10 – 4 2 2
N2 (Total e– =14)= (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s ) σ∗ 2s
( ) ( )
Bond order = =3 2 2
2
10 – 4
CN– (total e– =14) ⇒ Bond order = =3 (π2p2x = π2p2y ) (σ2pz )2
2
10 – 4 10 – 4
NO+ (total e– = 14) ⇒ Bond order = =3 Bond order = =3
2 2
+ −
All species have 3 bond order. It is also have same N 2 (total e = 13) = (σ1s) (σ 1s) (σ2s) (σ 2s) (π2p x = π2p y )(σ2p z )
2 * 2 2 * 2 2 2 1
electron. So, it is iso-electronic to each other. 9−4

⇒ B.O. = = 2.5
• All the ligand are π-acceptor. 2
445. In which of the following molecules, all bond O (Total e– = 16) = σ1s 2 σ∗1s 2 σ2s 2 σ∗ 2s 2
lengths are not equal? 2 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
(a) SF6 (b) PCl5
(σ2pz ) π2p2x = π2p 2y π∗ 2p1x = π∗ 2p1y
( )( )
2
(c) BCl3 (d) CCl4
AP-EAMCET – 2016 10 – 6
Bond order = =2
Ans. (b) : 2
Similarly,
10 – 7
O 2– (Total e– =17) = = 1.5
2
Hence, the correct increasing order of bond order is–
O 2– < O 2 < N 2+ < N 2
448. Highest bond energy for a single bond among
In PCl5, it shows sp3d hybridisation. It form a 5 the following is of
equivalent sp3d orbitals. 3 chlorine atoms are corners of (a) F – F (b) O – O
triangle and 2 chlorine atom are axial position. (c) C – C (d) N – N
Bond length of axial bond is greater than the length of JCECE-2016
Ans. (c) : CC bond energy is maximum as–
equatorial bond length. Hence, the correct option is (b).
(a) Carbon shows maximum catenation.
446. In PO 43– , the formal charge on each oxygen
(b) During catenation, all the 4 valence electrons of carbon
atom and the P – O bond order respectively are are used in bond formation, thus has no lone pair.
(a) –0.75, 0.6 (b) –0.75, 1.0 Hence, CC bond shows maximum bond energy.
(c) –0.75, 1.25 (d) –3, 1.25
449. Consider the following molecules:
BITSAT 2016 (1) CH3NH2 (2) CH3OH
Ans. (c) : (3) CH3SH (4) CH3P(CH3)2
3– 3– Which one of the following bonds has the
O O
longest bond length in the above molecules?
O P O O P O (a) C–N (b) C–O
(c) C–S (d) C–P
O O
SCRA-2015
Ans. (c): C–S bonds have the longest bond because Ans. (a) : Methoxy methane and ethanol are functional
bond length of C–S is 182 Å and other is lower. isomers as they have molecular formula C2H6O. But
they differ in functional group. The bond angle of
450. Consider the nitrogen-oxygen bond lengths in methoxy methane is 111.7º and the geometry is V-
NO 2+ , NO 2− and NO 3− . The increasing order of shaped.
N–O bond length is
(a) NO +2 < NO 2− < NO3− (b) NO +2 < NO3− < NO 2−
(c) NO3− < NO 2− < NO 2+ (d) NO3− < NO 2+ < NO 2− 455. Which of the following does not have triple
SCRA-2015 bond between the atoms?
(a) N2 (b) CO
Ans. (c): Bond length is defined as the average distance
between nuclei of two bonded atom in a molecule. (c) NO (d) C 22 –
1 AP-EAMCET (Engg.) 2015
Bond length ∝ Ans. (c) : N2 ⇒ N≡N
Bond order
CO ⇒ C ≡ O+
i.e. Bond length is increased then bond order is
NO ⇒ :N= O &&
decreased.
Bond order of NO +2 is 2, NO −2 is 1.5 and NO3− is 1.33 C22–
⇒ [C ≡ C]2 –
So, the increasing order of N–O bond length is Thus, nitric oxide (NO) has 15 electron and its bond
order 2.5 and does not contain triple bond.
NO +2 > NO −2 > NO3− .
456. What is the bond angle between Cl – O – Cl in
451. Pick the incorrect statement among those given Cl2O7?
below. (a) 109ο (b) 119ο
ο ′
(a) Multiple covalent bonds are shorter than (c) 108 25 (d) 120ο
single covalent bonds between same set of BCECE-2015
atoms. Ans. (b) : Cl2O7 has a bent structure with a bridging O
(b) Bond strength varies inversely with bond – atom. The terminal Cl–O bonds are substantially
length. shorter than the bridge Cl–O bonds indicating double
(c) Bond order of isoelectronic species will be bonds character
same.
(d) Bond enthalpy increases with increasing bond
length.
COMEDK 2015
Ans. (d) : Bond enthalpy decreases with increasing
bond length. 457. The P–P–P angle in P4 molecule and S–S–S
452. The bond length of Br – Br in Br2 molecule is angle in S8 molecule is (in degree) respectively
equal to (a) 600, 1070 (b) 1070, 600
0 0
ο ο
(c) 40 , 60 (d) 600, 400
(a) 0.74 A (b) 1.54 A BITSAT 2015
ο ο Ans. (a) : In P4 molecule, the four sp3-hybridised
(c) 1.98 A (d) 2.28 A phosphorous atoms lie at the corners of a regular
SRMJEEE – 2015
tetrahedron with ∠P − P − P = 600 .
Ans. (d) : The bond length of Br-Br in Br2 molecule is In S molecule S-S-S angle is 1070 rings.
8
ο
equal to 2.28 A
453. The structure of NO 3– ion is
(a) triangle (b) tetrahedral
(c) equilateral triangle (d) planar.
SRMJEEE – 2015
Ans. (d) : The given molecule is NO3– 458. Which of the following changes in the respective
Hybridisation = number of bond pair + number of lone bond order values are caused by removal of an
electron from N2 and F2 molecules?
pair
2 (a) Decrease by 0.5 in both
Hybridisation = 3 + 0 = 3 (sp ) (b) Increase by 0.5 in both
2
The hybridisation of given molecule is sp . Hence, the (c) Increase by 0.5 in the former and decrease by
structure is trigonal planar. 0.5 in the latter
454. The bond angle of bond in methoxy methane is: (d) Decrease by 0.5 in the former and increase by
(a) 111.7º (b) 109º 0.5 in the latter
(c) 108.9º (d) 180º (e) No change in both
AP-EAMCET (Engg.) 2015 Kerala-CEE-2015
Ans. (d) 462. Which of these represents the correct order of
N2 (total e– = 14) = (σ1s) 2 (σ∗1s) 2 (σ2s)2 (σ∗ 2s)2 their increasing bond order?
+ +
2 < He 2 < O 2 < O 2
(a) C 2– –
(
(π2p 2x = π2p 2y ) σ 2p 2z )
2 2
(b) He +2 < O −2 < O +2 < C 22−
∗ ∗
F2 (total e =18)= (σ1s)
– 2
(σ 1s) (σ2s) (σ 2s) (σ2p z )
2 2
(c) O −2 < O −2 < C 22− < He +2
(π2p2x = π2p2y )(π∗ 2p2x = π∗ 2p2y ) (d) O +2 < C 22− < O 2− < He 2+
For N2, the valence orbital is bonding molecular orbital COMEDK 2014
and for F2, it is antibonding molecular orbital. So, bond
Ans. (b) : He +2 : σ1s 2 , σ*1s1
order decrease by 0.5 in the former and increase by 0.5
in the later. 1 1 1
459. Select a ferromagnetic material from the
B.O. = ( N b – N a ) = (2 – 1) = = 0.5
2 2 2
following.
C 22− : σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p x2 = π2p 2y , σ2p z2
(a) Dioxygen
(b) Chromium (IV) oxide 1 6
(c) Benzene B.O. = (10 – 4) = = 3.0
2 2
(d) Dihydrogen monoxide
MHT CET-2015 σ1s , σ *1s , σ 2s , σ * 2s 2 , σ 2p z2 , π2p 2x = π2p 2y ,
2 2 2
Ans. (b) : Substance Magnetic property π * 2p1x

(A) Dioxygen – Paramagnetic
(B) Chromium – Ferromagnetic 1 5
B.O. = (10 – 5) = = 2.5
(IV) oxide 2 2
(C) Benzene – Diamagnetic σ *1s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ 2s 2 , σ2p z2 , π2p 2x = π2p 2y ,
(D) Dihydrogen – Diamagnetic
monoxide π * 2p 2x = π* 2p1y
460. The bond order of H +2 is 1 3
(a) 1 (b) 0 B.O. = (10 – 7) = = 1.5
2 2
(c) 0.5 (d) 2 Thus, the correct order of increasing bond order is
S. C. R. A - 2014
Ans. (c) : Bond order – He +2 < O −2 < O +2 < C 22− .
1 463. Which one of the following has longest covalent
B.O = (Nb – Na)
2 bond distance?
Nb = No. of bonding electron (a) C  C (b) C  H
Na = No. of antibonding electron (c) C  N (d) C  O
H +2 = 1s1 AP-EAMCET (Engg.) - 2014
Nb = 1, Na = 0 Ans. (a) : The average distance between the centre of
1 nuclei of the two bonded atom in a molecule is known
B.O. = (1 − 0)
2 as bond length.
1 (i) C – C (ii) C – H (iii) C – N (iv) C – O
B.O = = 0.5
2 1.53A° 1.03A° 1.48A° 1.43A°
461. The percentage of ionic character in HCl So, C – C(1.53Å) has longest covalent bond distance.
molecule which has dipole moment of 3.610 ×
10–30 Coulomb metre and bond length of 123 464. The bond order between Ni-C bond in Ni(CO)4
pm, is is
(a) 100% (b) 87% (a) one (b) two
(c) 24.2% (d) 17.3% (c) less than two (d) more than two
S. C. R. A - 2014 AMU-2014
Ans. (d) : Given that- Ans. (c) : In Ni(CO)4 , there is a synergic bonding
Dipole moment (µ) = 3.6 ×10−30 Cm interaction between Ni and CO. As a result there is an
increase in the strength of Ni–CO bond and decrease in
Bond length = 123pm = 123 × 10−12 m
the bond order. The bond order of Ni–C bond is more
µ than one but less than two.
Now, Ionic character = × 100%
Bond length × Charge 465. What is the bond angle in ClO -2 (OClO)?
−30
3.6 × 10 (a) 900 (b) 1180
Ionic character = × 100%
123 ×10 −12 × 1.69 × 10 −19 (c) 105 0
(d) 1110
Ionic character = 17.3 % BCECE-2014
Ans. (d) : The bond angle of ClO −2 is 111o. The central 469. The correct order of magnitude of bond angles
among the compounds CH4, NH3 and H2O is
atom of Cl has 2 lone pair and Cl is also attached to the
2 sigma bond by oxygen atom the hybridisation of (a) CH4 > H2O < NH3 (b) H2O < NH3 < CH4
− 3
ClO 2 is sp . (c) NH3< CH4 < H2O (d) NH3< H2O <CH4
JIPMER-2014
Ans. (b) : The given species are CH4, NH3 and H2O.
The CH4 molecule has regular geometry with 109°28'
bond angle. Ammonia has one lone pair with 107.5°
whereas H2O has two lone pair with 104.5°. As we
know, the availability of one lone pair on central atom,
466. Which following is same for both hydrogen and reduces the bond angle by 2.5°. Hence, the order of
deuterium molecules? bond angle will be–
(a) Bond energy (b) Melting point H2O < NH3 < CH4.
(c) Boiling point (d) Bond length
BCECE-2014 470. Arrange the following species in the correct
order of their stability
Ans. (d): Bond length is same for both hydrogen and
deuterium molecules C2 , Li, O +2 , He +2
Property Hydrogen deuterium (a) Li 2 < He+2 < O +2 < C 2
Bond length (pm) 74.14 74.14
(b) C 2 < O 2+ < Li 2 < He +2
Bond energy 435.88 443.35
(kJ/mole) (c) He +2 < Li 2 < C 2 < O +2
Melting Point (K) 13.96 18.73
(d) O +2 < C 2 < Li 2 < He +2
Boiling Point (K) 20.39 23.69
467. N2 and O2 are converted into mono anions N – (e) C 2 < Li 2 < He +2 < O +2
2
and O 2– respectively. Which of the following Kerala-CEE-2014
statements is wrong? Ans. (c) : The stability of molecule depends upon the
(a) In N2, the N–N bond weakens bond order i.e. Bond order is directly proportional to the
(b) In O2, the O–O bond order increases stability of molecule.
(c) In O2, bond length decreases 8–4
C2 (total e– = 12) ⇒ Bond order = =2
(d) N 2– becomes diamagnetic 2
BITSAT 2014 4–2
Li2 (total e– = 6) ⇒ Bond order = =1
Ans. (b) : We know that in O2 bond, the order is 2 and 2
in O −2 bond, the order is 1.5. Therefore the wrong O +2 (total e– = 15) ⇒ Bond order =
10 – 5
= 2.5
statements is (b). 2
468. Which of the following is the correct order for 2 –1
He +2 (total e– = 3) ⇒ Bond order = = 0.5
strength of C-X bond. 2
(a) CH 3 F > CH 3Cl > CH 3Br > CH 3 I Thus, the order of stability will be–
(b) CH 3 F > CH 3 Br > CH 3I > CH 3F He +2 < Li 2 < C 2 < O 2+
(c) CH 3 I > CH 3 F > CH 3Cl > CH 3Br 471. Bond order of which among the following
(d) CH 3Cl > CH 3Br > CH 3 I > CH 3 F molecules is zero?
GUJCET-2014 (a) F2 (b) O2
(c) Be2 (d) Li2
Ans. (a) : Halogen atoms are more electronegative
than carbon, therefore, carbon-halogen bond of alkyl MHT CET-2014
halide is polarized, the carbon atom bears a partial Ans. (c) :
positive charge whereas the halogen atom bears a 2 2
(a) F2 (total e– = 18) = (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s ) σ∗ 2s
( ) ( )
2 2
partial negative charge.
(σ2p z ) (π2p 2x = π2p2y ) (π∗ 2p2x = π∗ 2p2y )
2
As we know, bond length is inversely proportional to 10 – 8

the bond strength. As we go down the group in the Bond order = =1
2
periodic table, the size of halogen atom increases. ∗ 2 ∗ 2
Fluorine atom is the smallest and iodine atom is the
largest. Consequently the carbon-halogen bond length
2
( )
(b) O2 (total e– = 16) = (σ1s) σ 1s (σ2s) σ 2s
2
( )
also increases from C–F to C–I and the bond strength (σ2p z ) (π2p 2x = π2p2y ) (π∗ 2p1x = π∗ 2p1y )
2
of C–F to C–I decreases. Hence, the correct order for
strength of C–X bond is– 10 – 6
CH 3F > CH 3Cl > CH3Br > CH 3I. Bond order = =2
2

2 2 It is paramagnetic.
( ) (σ2s) (σ 2s)
2 ∗ 2 ∗
(c) Be2 (total e– = 8) = (σ1s ) σ 1s 9−4
Bond order = = 2.5
4–4 2
Bond order = =0 Hence, the magnetic behavior changes form
2
2 paramagnetic to diamagnetic is options (c).
( )
2 ∗ 2
(d) Li2 (total e– = 6) = (σ1s) σ 1s (σ2s) 473. The types of bonds between two carbon atoms
in calcium carbide is
4–2 (a) one sigma, one pi (b) two sigma, one pi
Bond order = =1
2 (c) two sigma, two pi (d) one sigma, two pi
Hence, Be2 has zero bond order. AMU-2013
472. In which of the following ionization processes Ans. (d) : Calcium carbide (CaC2) is an ionic
the bond energy increases and the magnetic 2 + 2−
behavior changes from paramagnetic to compound is C C 2 . The calcium atom is bonded to
diamagnetic. the two carbon atoms through ionic bonding.
(a) O 2 → O 2+ (b) C 2 → C 2+ [: C ≡ C :]2− Ca 2+
(c) NO → NO + (d) N 2 → N 2+ It has one sigma and two pi–bonds.
KARNATAKA NEET 2013 474. The bond order of N+ 2 on the basis of
Ans. (c) : Molecular orbital configuration of molecular orbital theory is [At. number of N =
O2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ 2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p 2z , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , 7]
1 2 (a) 3 (b) 2.5
π * 2p x = π * 2p y
1
(c) 2 (d) 1.5
It is paramagnetic.
J & K CET-2013
10 − 6
Bond order = =2 Ans. (b) : N +2
2
O +2 = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ 2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , σ 2p 2z , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , Total no of e– = 13
2 2
MO configuration of N +2 = (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s) σ∗ 2s
( ) ( )
2 2
π * 2p1
x
It is paramagnetic.
10 − 5
(π2p2x = π2p2y ) (σ2p1z )
Bond order = = 2.5
2 9–4
Bond order = = 2.5
C 2 = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p x2 = π2p 2y , 2
It is paramagnetic. 475. Which molecule has the shortest bond length?
8−4 (a) N2 (b) O2
Bond order = =2 (c) Cl2 (d) Br2
2
+
C 2 = σ1s , σ 1s , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p x2 = π2p1y ,
2 * 2 SCRA 2012
It is paramagnetic. Ans. (a) : The experimental values of molecules given
as –
7−4
Bond order = = 1.5 Molecule Bond length(Å)
2
N2 1.09(Å)
NO = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p z2 , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , O2 1.21(Å)
π * 2p1x Cl2 1.98(Å)
It is paramagnetic. 476. Bond energy of Cl2, Br2 and I2 follow the order
10 − 5 (a) Cl2 > Br2 > I2 (b) Br2 > Cl 2 > I2
Bond order = = 2.5
2 (c) I 2 > Br2 > Cl2 (d) I 2 > Cl2 > Br2
+
NO = σ1s , σ 1s , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p 2z , π2p 2x = π2p 2y ,
2 * 2
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 2012
It is diamagnetic. Ans. (a) : When we move from top to bottom in
10 − 4 halogen family the size of atom increases then the bond
Bond order = =3
2 length also increases and bond energy decreases.
N 2 = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p x2 = π2p 2y , σ2p z2 ∴ The order of bond energy is–
It is paramagnetic. Cl2 > Br2 > I 2 .
10 − 4 477. Cl-O bond order in perchlorate ion is
Bond order = =3 (a) 1.33 (b) 1.50
2
+
N 2 = σ1s , σ 1s , σ 2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p x2 = π2p 2y , σ2p1z
2 * 2 (c) 1.75 (d) 1.90
AMU-2012
Ans. (c) : The structure of per chlorate ion is 482. Which one of the following has the shortest
bond length?
(a) C–H (b) C–N
(c) C–O (d) C–C
(e) C–F
Total number of resonating structure = 4 Kerala-CEE-2012
Total no. of bond Ans. (e) : The more electronegative atom polarize the
∴ Bond order =
Total no. of resonating structure bond length and the bond length go to decrease in size.
7 In the given species, F is more electronegative atom. So
= = 1.75 it’s electronegative power attract the share electron
4 towards the F. Thus, the bond length getting to shortest.
Hence, the bond order of perchlorate ion is 1.75.
483. Which of the following has least bond energy?
478. The molecule having smallest bond angle is
(a) NCl3 (b) AsCl3 (a) N 22 − (b) N −2
(c) SbCl3 (d) PCl3 (c) N +2 (d) N2
(AIEEE-2012)
MHT CET-2012
Ans. (c) : All the possible trihalides of N, P, As, Sb and
Ans. (a) : The Bond energy of molecule is directly
Bi are known. The bond angle is decreases from NCl3 to
SbCl3 because the electronegativity and the size of proportional to the bond order of the molecule.
∗ ∗ 2 2
central atom decreases due to which SbCl3 has the
smallest bond angle.
(a) N 2–
2
()
2 (total e = 16) = (σ1s) σ 1s (σ 2s ) σ 2s
– 2
( )
2
479. The correct order of bond energy is
(a) Cl2 > Br2 > F2 > I2 (b) Cl2 > F2 > Br2 > I2
(c) I2 > Br2 > Cl2 > F2 (d) I2 > Br2 > F2 > Cl2 10 – 6
Bond order = =2
J & K CET-(2012) 2
Ans. (a) : The elements of halogen all form diatomic ∗ 2 ∗ 2
molecules. It would be expected that the bond energy
2
( )
(b) N 2– (total e– = 15) = (σ1s) σ 1s (σ2s) σ 2s
2
( )
in the X2 molecules would decrease as the atoms
(σ2p z ) (π2p 2x = π2p2y ) (π∗ 2p1x = π * 2py)
2
become larger, since increased size results in less
effective overlap of orbital’s. Cl2 Br2 and I2 show the
expected trend but the bond energy for F2 does not fit 10 – 5
Bond order = = 2.5
the expected trend. A reason for this anomaly is the 2
relatively large electron-electron repulsion among the 2 2
( ) (σ2s) (σ 2s)
2 ∗ 2 ∗
lone pairs in F2 molecule where they are much closer to (c) N +2 (total e– = 13) = (σ1s ) σ 1s
each other than in case of Cl2
Molecules Bond Energy (kJmol–1) (π2p2x = π2p2y ) (σ2p1z )
F2 158.8
Cl2 242.6 9–4
Bond order = = 2.5
Br2 192.8 2
I2 151.1 2 2
( ) (σ2s) (σ 2s)
2 ∗ 2 ∗
480. The C-H bond distance is the longest in (d) N2 (total e– = 14) = (σ1s ) σ 1s
(a) C2H2 (b) C2H4
(c) C2H6 (d) C2H2Br2 (π2p2x = π2p2y ) (σ2p2z )
J & K CET-(2012) 10 – 4
Ans. (c) : As we know, if the s character of molecule is Bond order = =3
2
more then bonded pair electrons are held more closely,
ensuring a smaller bond length and stronger a bond. So, Hence, N 2–
2 has least bond energy.
sp has the least bond length and it is the strongest.sp3 484. Which of the following species has highest bond
has longest bond distance. Hence, C–H has more bond energy?
distance in C2H6.
(a) O 22 − (b) O +2
481. The correct order in which the O–O bond
length increases in the following is (c) O −2 (d) O2
(a) H2O2 < O2 < O3 (b) O3 < H2O2 < O2 MHT CET-2012
(c) O2 < O3 < H2O2 (d) O2 < H2O < O3
Ans. (b) : The bond energy of diatomic molecule
JCECE-2012
depends upon the bond order. Bond order is directly
Ans. (c) : Bond length of O  O in O2 = 1.21Å proportional to the bond energy.
Bond length of O  O in O3 = 1.278 Å
10 – 8
Bond length of O  O in H2O2 = 1.49 Å (a) O 2– –
2 (total e = 18) ⇒ Bond order = =1
Therefore, correct order of O  O bonds length is 2
(bond order decrease in the same order) 10 – 5
(b) O +2 (total e– = 15) ⇒ Bond order = = 2.5
O 2 < O 3 < H 2O 2 2
(c) O 2– (total e– = 17) ⇒ Bond order =
10 – 7
= 1.5 O −2 (Super oxide ion): Total number of electrons (16 +
2 1) = 17 = σ1s 2 σ *1s 2 σ 2s 2 σ* 2s 2 σ2p 2z
10 – 1
(d) O 2 (total e– = 16) ⇒ Bond order = =2 π2p 2x = π2p 2y π* 2p 2x = x* 2p1y
2
485. Bond order in nitrogen molecule is (N − N a ) 10 − 7 3 1
Bond order = b = = =1
(a) 1 (b) 2 2 2 2 2
(c) 3 (d) 4 O 22 + ion : Total number of electrons = (16 – 2) = 14
COMEDK 2011
Ans. (c) : σ1s 2 σ*1s 2 σ2s 2 σ* 2s 2 π2p 2x = π2p 2y σ2p 2z
N 2 (14 ) : σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , (N − N a ) 10 − 4 6
σ2p z2 2 2 2
− + 2+
8–2 So bond order : O 2 < O 2 < O 2
Bond order = =3 489. The bond order of C2 molecule is
2
(a) 1 (b) 2
486. Which of the following is correct comparison of (c) 0 (d) 3
the stability of the molecules?
+
J & K CET-2011
(a) CN < O2 (b) CN = N 2 Ans. (b) : The given diatomic molecule is C2. C2 has
(c) N 2 < O 2 (d) H +2 > He+2 the 12 no. of electron. Now, the molecular orbital
VITEEE- 2011 configuration is given below–
2 2
Ans. (d) : If the bond order of two molecules are same MO configuration= (σ1s)2 σ∗1s (σ2s)2 σ∗ 2s ( ) ( )
then the stability of the molecules can be explain on the
number of electron in antibonding molecular orbital,
more the electron in antibonding, less be the stability of
( )
π2p 2x = π2p 2y
molecule. N – Na
Bond order = b
H 2 (1) = σ1s
+ 1
2
− −
Where, Nb = no. of e– in bonding orbital
Bonding orbital e − Antibonding orbitale
Bond order = Na = no. of e– in antibonding orbital
2
8– 4
1− 0 Bond order = =2
Bond order = = 0.5 2
2
490. The correct statement with regard to H 2+ and
and He+2 ( 3) = σ1s 2 , σ *1s1
H 2− is
2 −1
Bond order = = 0.5 (a) both H 2+ and H 2− are equally stable
2
So, H +2 has the less electron in antibonding whereas (b) both H 2+ and H 2− do not exist
He +2 has more electron in antibonding so the H +2 is (c) H 2− is more stable than H 2+
more stable than He +2 . (d) H 2+ is more stable than H 2−
487. The value of Cl – Cl bond distance is found to be JIPMER-2011
ο ο Ans. (d) : The species are H +2 and H 2– .
(a) 1.98 A (b) 0.99 A
ο ο H +2 (total e– = 1) = (σ 1s)1
(c) 0.77 A (d) 1.76 A
SRMJEEE – 2011 Nb = 1, Na = 0
ο and H 2– (total e– = 3) = (σ 1s)1 (σ∗1s)1
Ans. (a) : The bond length of Cl – Cl is 1.98 A Nb = 2 , Na = 1
488. The correct bond order in the following species is : According to the application of stability of MOT, H +2
(a) O 22 + < O 2− < O 2+ (b) O +2 < O −2 < O 22+ has less electron on antibonding molecular orbital than
(c) O −2 < O +2 < O 22+ (d) O 22 + < O 2+ < O 2− the H 2– molecule. So, H +2 is more stable than the H 2– .
BITSAT 2011 491. When O2 is converted into O +
2
+
Ans. (c) : O 2 ion – Total number of electrons (16 – 1) = (a) both paramagnetic character and bond order
15 = σ1s 2 σ *1s 2 σ 2s 2 σ* 2s 2 σ2p 2z increase
(b) bond order decreases
π2p 2x = π2p 2y π* 2p1x = π* 2p y (c) paramagnetic character increases
(d) paramagnetic character decreases and the
N − N a 10 − 5 5 1 bond order increases
2 2 2 2 Karnataka-CET-2011

∗ 2 ∗ 2 Ans. (b) Bond length decreases, as bond order increases.
2
( )
Ans. (d) : (i) O2 = (σ1s) σ 1s (σ2s) σ 2s
2
( ) Bond order of O2 = 2
2 Bond order of O +2 = 2.5
Bond order of O −2 = 1.5
10 – 6
Bond order = =2 Hence, the order of bond length is
2
O2 molecule having 2 unpaired electron. O −2 > O 2 > O 2+
2 2
∗ ∗
494. The order of bond energies in halogen
2
( )
(ii) O +2 = (σ1s) σ 1s (σ2s) σ 2s
2
( ) (σ2p z )
2
molecules is
(π2p2x = π2p2y ) (π∗ 2p1x ) (a) F2 < Cl2 < Br2 < I2 (b) F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2
(c) Cl2 > Br2 > F2 > I2 (d) Cl2 > F2 > Br2 > I2
10 – 5 AP- EAMCET(Medical) -2010
Bond order = = 2.5
2 Ans. (c): As we know, bond length increases with
O +2 ion having only 1 unpaired electron. decreasing of its bond dissociation energy. F2 has
Hence, when O2 is converted into O +2 then smaller enthalphy of dissociation to that of Cl2 whereas
X–X bond dissociation enthalpies from chlorine
paramagnetic character decrease and the bond order onwards show the expected trend : Cl–Cl >Br–Br > I–I.
increases.
The relatively large electron-electron repulsion among
492. Which of the following is not correct with the lone pairs in F2 molecule where they are much
respect to bond length of the species? closer to each other them in case of Cl2. Hence, the
(a) C 2 > C 22 − (b) B+2 > B2 correct order will be –
(c) Li +2 > Li 2 (d) N +2 > N 2 Cl2> Br2> F2> I2.
− 495. The correct order of magnitude of bond angles
(e) O 2 > O 2
Kerala-CEE-2011 among the compounds CH4, NH3 and H2O
(a) CH4 < H2O < NH3 (b) H2O < NH3 < CH4
Ans. (e) : The bond order of molecule is inversely
proportional to the bond length. (c) NH3 < CH4 < H2O (d) NH3 < H2O < CH4
8–4 AP- EAMCET(Medical) -2010
(a) C2 (total e– = 12) ⇒ Bond order = =2 Ans. (b): The given species are CH4, NH3 and H2O.
2 The structures of given compound are given as follows–
10 – 4
C 2– –
2 (total e = 14) ⇒ Bond order = =3
2
5–4
(b) B+2 (total e– = 14) ⇒ Bond order = = 0.5
2
6–4
B2 (total e– =10) ⇒ Bond order = =1
2
3– 2 Hence, the correct order of bond angle will be CH4 >
(c) Li +2 (total e– = 5) ⇒ Bond order = = 0.5 NH3 > H2O.
2
4–2 496. Which of the following has the highest bond
Li 2 (total e– = 6) ⇒ Bond order = =1 order?
2
(a) N2 (b) O2
9–4
(d) N +2 (total e– = 13) ⇒ Bond order = = 2.5 (c) He2 (d) H2
2 JIPMER-2010
10 – 4
N 2 (total e– = 14) ⇒ Bond order = =3 Ans. (a):
2 2 2
(e) O 2 (total e– = 16) ⇒ Bond order = 10 – 6 = 2 (a) N2 (Total e– = 14) = (σ1s)
2
(σ∗1s) (σ2s) (σ∗ 2s)
2
2
10 – 7
O 2– –
(total e = 17) ⇒ Bond order = = 1.5 (π2p2x = π2p2y ) (σ2p2z )
2
– 10 – 4
O2 has maximum bond order than the O 2 . So, O2 has Bond Order = =3
less bond length rather than the O 2– . Thus, the 2
2 2
statement is wrong. (b) O2 (total e– = 16 ) = (σ1s)2 (σ∗1s) (σ2s)2 (σ∗ 2s)
493. The bond length of species O2, O 2+ , and O 2− are
(σ2p z ) (π2p 2x = π2p 2y )
2
in the order of
(a) O +2 > O 2 > O −2 (b) O −2 > O 2 > O +2
+ − − +
(π∗ 2p1x = π∗ 2p1y )
(c) O 2 > O > O
2 2 (d) O 2 > O > O 2 2
10 – 6
UP CPMT-2011 Bond order = =2
2

(c) He2 (total e– = 4 ) = (σ1s)2 (σ∗1s)
2 In ClO −2 , there are two lone pairs of electrons which
repel each other due to which two oxygen atom come
2–2 closer leading to decrease in bond angle. Therefore, the
Bond order = =0
2 angle in ClO −2 is less than 118° which is bond angle in
(d) H2 (Total e– = 2 ) = (σ1s)2 ClO −2 which has less number of electrons on chlorine.
2–0 500. The bond angle in H2O is 104.5° and in H2S it is
Bond order = =1
2 92.5°. The difference is due to
Thus, N2 has highest bond order. (a) The smaller size of O atom compared to S
497. The correct order towards bond angle is atom minimizes electron repulsions and
(a) sp3 < sp2 < sp (b) sp < sp2 < sp3 allows the bonds in H2O to be purely p-type
3 2
(c) sp < sp < sp (d) sp2 < sp3 < sp (b) The larger size of S atom compared to atom
JIPMER-2010 minimizes electron repulsions and allows the
Ans. (a): As we know that the % s character is directly bonds in H2S to be purely p-type
proportional to the bond angle of central atom of the (c) The bond pair-lone pair repulsions are large
molecule. in H2S
Hybridisation % s character Bond angle (d) The size of the atom increases and electro
sp 50 180° negativity decreases while moving from
sp2 33.3 120° oxygen to sulphur as a result bond pairs
sp3 25 109°28' closer to the central atom
498. Peroxide ion ........ . SCRA - 2009
(i) has five completely filled antibonding Ans. (b) : Bond angle is directly proportional to the
molecular orbits
electronegativity of the central atom.
(ii) is diamagnetic
As Oxygen has more electronegativity value as
(iii) has bond order one
compared to sulphur. So, bond angle of H2O is more
(iv) is iso-electronic with neon
Which one of these is correct? than H2S.
(a) (ii) and (iii) (b) (i), (ii) and (iv) Another reason behind this i.e., the bond pair-bond pair
(c) (i), (ii) and (iii) (d) (i) and (iv) resulsion is smaller in magnitude, still the b.p- b.p
KARNATAKA-CET, 2010 repulsion in case of H2O molecule exist while in case of
2− H2O due to large size of S as compared to O is less and
Ans. (a) : Peroxide ion is O2 going to decreasing with increase the size of element.
∗ 2 ∗ 2 So, on moving from top to bottom bond angle
2− 2
( ) 2
(
O2 (18) = (σ1s) σ 1s (σ2s ) σ 2s (σ2p z ) ) 2
decreases.
( 2 2
)( 2 2
π2p x = π2p y π ∗ 2p x = π ∗ 2p y )
501. Fluorine reacts with dilute NaOH and forms a
gaseous product A. The bond angle in the
10 – 8 molecule of A is
Bond order = =1
2 (a) 104°40' (b) 103°
It contains four completely filled antibonding molecular (c) 107° (d) 109°28'
orbitals. Since, all the electrons are paired, O22 − is VITEEE- 2009
diamagnetic. AP EAMCET (Engg.)-2009
Peroxide ion is isolectronic with Argon, not with Neon.
Ans. (b) : 2F2 + 2 NaO H → 2NaF + O F2 ↑ + H 2 O
499. The correct order increasing bond angles in the dilute (A)
following species is The structure of 'A' (OF ) is as
2
(a) Cl2O < ClO2 < ClO −2
(b) ClO2 < Cl2O < ClO −2
(c) Cl2O < ClO −2 < ClO2 σ bonds made by O = 2
(d) ClO −2 < Cl2O < ClO2 Due to repulsion between two lone pairs of electrons, its
(NEET-2010) shape gets distorted. Therefore, the bond angle in the
Ans. (d) : molecule is 103°.
502. The bond angle and % of d-character in SF6
are
(a) 120°, 20% (b) 90°, 33%
(c) 109°, 25% (d) 90°, 25%
AMU – 2009
Ans. (b) : For SF6 molecule. (a) N 22− < N −2 < N 2 (b) N 2 < N 22− < N −2
(c) N −2 < N 22− < N 2 (d) N −2 < N 2 < N 22−
NEET-2009
Ans. (a)
2 2
( ) (σ2s) (σ 2s)
2 ∗ 2 ∗
(a) N2 (total e– = 14) = (σ1s ) σ 1s
(π2p2x = π2p2y ) (σ2p2z )

10 − 4
No.of d orbitalsinvolved in hybrid Bond order = =3
% d character = × 100 2
Total no.of orbital 2 2
(b) N 22− (total e– = 16) = (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s ) σ∗ 2s
( ) ( )
2 2
2 ×1
= × 100
6 ×1 (σ2p z ) (π2p 2x = π2p2y ) (π∗ 2p1x = π∗ 2p1y )
2
= 33.3%
503. Which of the following two are isostructural? 10 – 6
Bond order = =2
(a) XeF2 , IF2− (b) NH3 , BF3 2
Similarly,
(c) CO32 − , SO32 − (d) PCI5 , ICI5
− 10 − 5
-
BITSAT 2009 (c) N 2 (total e = 15)⇒Bond order = = 2.5
2
−
Ans. (a) : XeF2 and IF2 both are linear and have Thus, The bond order follow the following sequence
hybridisation sp3d. N 22 − < N −2 < N 2
504. ( i ) H - C - H angle in CH 4 507. Right order of dissociation energy N2 and N +2 is
( ii ) Cl - B - Cl angle in BCl 3 (a) N2 > N +2 (b) N2 = N +2
( iii ) F - I - Fangle in IF7 in a Plane (c) N +2 > N2 (d) None
NEET-2009
( iv ) I - I - I angle in I -3
Increasing order of above bond angles is Ans. (a) Bond order ∝ Bond energy
(a) (i) < (ii) < (iii) < (iv) 2 2
( ) ( )
2 ∗ 2 ∗
(b) (ii) < (i) < (iii) < (iv) N2 (total e– = 14) = (σ1s ) σ 1s (σ2s) σ 2s
(c) (iii) < (i) < (ii) < (iv)
(d) (iv) < (ii) < (i) < (iii) (
π2p 2x = π2p 2y σ2p 2z)( )
CG PET -2009 10 − 4
Ans. (c) : Bond order = =3
2
Molecule Hybridisation Geometry Bond Angle And
CH4 sp3 Tetrahedral 109.5° 2 2
( ) ( )
2 2 ∗ 2 ∗
BCl3 sp
3 3
Trigonal planer 120° N +2 (total e– = 13) = (σ1s ) σ 1s (σ2s) σ 2s
IF7 sp d Pentagonal 72°
− 3
bipyramidal (
π2p 2x = π2p 2y σ2p1z)( )
I3 sp d Linear 180°
9−4
Bond order = = 2.5
505. H – O – H bond angle in H2O is 104.5o and not 2
109o 28' because of Hence, N2 has the more bond dissociation energy than
(a) lone pair-lone pair repulsion the N +2
(b) lone pair-bond pair repulsion 508. The carbon-carbon bond distance in benzene is
(c) bond pair-bond pair repulsion (a) Longer than a C – C single bond
(d) high electronegativity of oxygen (b) Longer than a C = C double bond
JIPMER-2009 (c) Sohrter than a C = C double bond
Ans. (a) : According to the VSEPR theory, the (d) Shorter than a C ≡ C triple bond
repulsive interaction of electron pairs decrease in the MPPET-2008
order : Lone pair-Lone pair > Lone pair-Bond pair > Ans. (b) : All the carbon-carbon bond distance in benzene
Bond pair – bond pair. Due to the lone pair-lone pair are 140 pm i.e. longer than a C = C double bond.
repulsion, the bond angle is reduces from 109°28' to 509. Assertion: Fluorine molecule has bond order
104.5°. one.
506. According to MO theory which of the lists Reason: The number of electrons in the anti-
ranks the nitrogen species in terms of bonding molecular orbitals is two less than that
increasing bond order? in bonding molecular orbitals.

(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the 512. In the molecules NO, CO, O2– and O2 the
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion correct sequence of bond order is
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but (a) NO = CO > O2– > O2
Reason is not the correct explanation of (b) O2– > O2 > NO > CO
Assertion. (c) O2 > O2– > NO > CO
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect (d) CO > NO > O2 > O2–
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect AMU – 2008
AIIMS-2008
Ans. (d) : According to molecular orbital electronic
Ans. (a): The molecular orbital configuration of
configuration ,
F2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p z2
CO= σ1s2 σ*1s2 σ2s2 σ*2s2 π2p 2X = π2p 2Y σ2p 2X
π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π * 2p 2x = π * 2p 2y N − N a 10 − 4
10 − 8 B.O. = b = =3
Bond order = =1 2 2
2 NO = σ1s2 σ*1s2 σ2s2 σ*2s2 σ2p 2z π2p 2X
The number of electrons in the anti bonding molecular
orbitals is two less than that in bonding molecular orbitals. = π2p 2y π *2p1x
510. Cl - P -Cl bond angles in PCl5 molecule are
(a) 120° and 90° (b) 60° and 90° N − N a 10 − 5
B.O.= b = = 2.5
(c) 60° and 120° (d) 120° and 30° 2 2
VITEEE- 2008
O2– = σ1s2 σ*1s2 σ2s2 σ*2s2 σ2p 2z π2p 2X
Ans. (a) : In PCl5, phosphorus undergoes sp3d
hybridization and has trigonal bipyramidal geometry. It 2 2 1
= π2p y π * 2p x = π * 2p y
has two axial chlorine atoms & three equatorial chlorine
atoms bonded to the central P. N − N a 10 − 7
Hence bond angles for axial are 90°, Cl–P–Cl & for B.O.= b = = 1.5
equatorial Cl–P–Cl it is 120°. 2 2
O 2 = σ1s 2 σ *1s 2σ2s 2σ * 2s 2 σ2p z2 π2p 2x = π2p 2y π * 2p1x = π * 2p1y
Nb − Na 10 − 6
B.O.= = =2
2 2
So, the correct sequence of B.O. is
CO > NO > O2 > O2–.
+ 2− −
511. About the species O 2 , O 2 , O 2 , O 2 which one 513. From the molecular orbital theory, one can
of the following statements is correct? show that the bond order in F2 molecule is
(a) O +2 has the highest bond order and largest (a) 2 (b) 1
bond length. (c) 3 (d) 4
(b) O 2 has the highest bond order. J & K CET-2008
Ans. (b) : Total number of electron in F2 molecule = 18
(c) The bond order of O 2 equals the average 2 2
∴ MO configuration = (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s ) σ∗ 2s
( ) ( )
2 2
bond orders of O +2 and O −2 .
(d) The sum of bond orders of these species is 1.
( )( )
2
SRMJEEE – 2008
N − NA 10 – 8
Ans. (c) : B.O. = B Bond order = =1
2 2
Where NA and NB are the number of electrons in 514. What will be the bond angle C–O–H in alcohol
antibonding and bonding molecule. if hybridisation of C and O atom possess sp3
10 − 5 hybridisation?
Bond order of O +2 = = 2.5 (a) 109º 28' (b) 111º 42'
2
10 − 8 (c) 109º (d) 108º 30'
Bond order of O 22− = =1 GUJCET-2007
2
10 − 6 Ans. (a) : The given species is . The
Bond order of O 2 = =2 3
hybridisation of oxygen are sp . As we know that the
2
bond angle of sp3 hybridisation is 109º28'.
10 − 7
Bond order of O −2 = = 1.5 515. The strength of bonds formed by s-s, p-p, and
2 s-p overlap is in the order of
2.5 + 1.5
Average Bond order of O +2 and O −2 = =2 (a) s-s < s-p < p-p (b) s-s < p-p < s-p
2 (c) s-p < s-s < p-p (d) p-p < s-s < s-p
Which is equal to the bond order of O2. SRMJEEE – 2007
Ans. (a) : The correct order of strength of bond is s–s>– Similary,
s–p>p–p (d) O 2– (total e– =17)
The extent of overlap is higher for s orbital than for p
orbital. Higher is the extent of overlap stronger is the 10 – 7
Bond order = = 1.5, n = 1 (paramagnetic)
bond formed. 2
–
516. The order of stability of O2 and its various ionic (e) B2 (total e =10)
species follows the sequence 6–4
(a) O 22− > O −2 > O 2 > O +2 (b) O 2 > O +2 > O −2 > O 22− Bond order = = 1, n = 0 (Diamagnetic)
2
(c) O +2 > O 2 > O −2 > O 22− (d) O −2 > O +2 > O 2 > O 22− 520. Sequence of bond length of the following
AMU – 2007 A. ethane B. ethene
Ans. (c) : Bond order of O +2 , O2 , O −2 , O 22− are 2.5, 2, C. ethyne
(a) A>B>C (b) B>A>C
1.5, 1 respectively. Thus their stability is in following
(c) C>B>A (d) C>A>B
order
+ − 2− UP CPMT-2007
O2 > O2 > O2 > O2
Ans. (a) : The bond length decrease with the
517. The bond length between C – C bond in sp2 multiplicity of the bond.
hybridised molecule is– 1
(a) 1.2 Å (b) 1.39 Å Bond length ∝
(c) 1.33 Å (d) 1.54 Å Bond order
BCECE-2007
Ans. (b) : The bond length between C – C bond in sp2
o
hybridised molecule is 1.39 A
518. For a stable molecule, the value of bond order
must be
(a) there is no relationship between stability and
bond order
(b) zero
(c) positive H − C ≡ C− H
ethyne (bond order =3)
(d) negative As the bond order sequence is
Karnataka-CET-2007 ethane<ethene<ethyne
Ans. (c) : Bond order ∝ Stability ∴ The sequence of bond length is
Hence, for a stable molecule the value of bond order Ethane > Ethene > Ethyne
must be positive. When bond order is zero then Hence, A>B>C
molecule will not exist.
521. The bond angle in AsH3 is greater than that in:
519. Which of the following paramagnetic with (a) NH3 (b) H2O
bond order 0.5? (c) BCl3 (d) None of these
(a) F2 (b) H +2 AP-EAMCET (Medical), 2006
(c) N2 (d) O −2 Ans. (d) : The given species are: NH3, H2O and BCl3.
(e) B2
Kerala-CEE-2007
Ans. (b) :
2 2
(a) F2 (total e– = 18) = (σ1s) σ∗1s ( ) (σ2s)2 (σ∗ 2s)
2
(σ2p z ) (π2p 2x = π2p 2y ) (π ∗ 2p2x = π ∗ 2p 2y )

2 Bond angle– 107.5º 104.5º 120º
3 3
Hybridization– sp sp sp2
10 – 8 AsH3 has the low bond angle due to large size of As.
Bond order = = 1 , n = 0 (diamagnetic) AsH3 has sp2 hybridization and having the 92° bond
2
angle.
(b) H +2 (Total e– = 1) = (σ1s)1
522. On comparison with H – C – H bond angle of
1– 0 methane, the C – N – C bond angle of
Bond order = = 0.5, n = 1 (paramagnetic)
2 trimethylamine is
(c) N 2 (Total e– = 14) = (σ1s) 2 (σ∗1s) 2 (σ2s)2 (σ∗ 2s)2 (a) higher (b) no change
(c) not comparable (d) lower
(π2p 2x = π2p 2y ) (σ 2p z )2
VITEEE- 2006
Bond order =
10 – 4
= 3, n = o (Diamagnetic) Ans. (b) : In both the cases carbon is sp3 hybridised and
2 bond angle is 109°28'.

523. In the dichromate dianion, Ans. (d) : The total number of electron on O2, O +2 and
(a) 4 Cr – O bonds are equivalent
(b) 6 Cr – O bonds are equivalent O 2– are 16, 15 and 17 respectively.
(c) all Cr – O bonds are equivalent 2 2
(i) O2 (total e– = 16) = (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s ) σ∗ 2s
( ) ( )
2 2
(d) all Cr – O bonds are nonequivalent
BITSAT 2006
( )( )
2
Ans. (b) : The structure of Cr2O72 −
Nb = 10, Na = 6
O – O– 2 2
(ii) O +2 (total e– = 15) = (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s ) σ∗ 2s
( ) ( )
2 2
Cr Cr
(σ2pz ) π2p2x = π2p 2y π∗ 2p1x = π * 2py
( )( )
2
OO O
O O
Nb = 11, Na = 5
There are six normal Cr–O bonds and two bridged Cr– 2 2
(iii) O 2 (total e– = 17) = (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s ) σ∗ 2s
( ) ( )
– 2 2
O bond.
The six normal Cr–O bonds are expected to be equivalent
( )( )
2
and different from those of the bridged Cr–O bond.
524. Bond order of N2 molecule is Nb = 10, Na = 7
(a) 3 (b) 2 According to the molecular orbital theory– the stability
(c) 1 (d) 0 of molecule depends upon the number of electron in
CG PET -2006 anti bonding molecular orbital (Na). As well as Na
Ans. (a) : Total number of e– in N2 = 14 increases then the molecule goes to unstable. Hence, the
2 2 2 2 correct order of stability will be–
( *
)
∴ MO configuration = (σ1s ) σ 1s (σ2s) σ 2s ( *
) O +2 > O2 > O 2–
( 2 2
)(
π2p x = π2p y σ 2p z2
)
528. Bond angle in H2O is:
(a) 109028' (b) 107010'
10 – 4 (c) 104.5 0
(d) 920
Bond order = =3
2 JCECE - 2006
Hence, the bond order of N2 molecule is 3. Ans. (c) : H2O has the sp3 hybridisation with two lone
525. If the value of bond order is zero, then pair electron. due to the lone pair– lone pair repulsion
(a) molecule will be stable the bond angle reduces from 109°28' to 104.5°.
(b) molecule will be unstable
(c) molecule will be in ionic state 529. Which of the following gives correct
(d) None of the above arrangement of compounds involved based on
CG PET -2006 their bond strength?
(a) HF > HCl > HBr > HI
Ans. (b) : The value of bond order is zero it means the
(b) HI > HBr > HCl > HF
bonding influence and anti-bonding influence are equal
and as a result there is no net force of attraction, so (c) HF > HBr > HCl > HI
molecule will be unstable. (d) HCl > HF > HBr > HI
JIPMER-2006
526. The decreasing values of bond angles from NH3
(107º) to SbH3 (91º) down group - 15 of the Ans. (a) : The halogens atom react with hydrogen to
periodic table is due to given hydrogen halides but affinity for hydrogen
(a) Increasing bond pair - bond pair repulsion decreases from fluorine to iodine because of
increaseness of size of halogens. Thus, the correct order
(b) Increasing p-orbital character in sp3 of bond strength of halogen halide is–
(c) Decreasing lone pair - bond pair repulsion HF > HCl > HBr > HI
(d) Decreasing electronegativity
(AIEEE-2006) 530. Identify the correct order in which the covalent
radius of the following elements increases
Ans. (d) : All the elements of group 15 form hydrides I. Ti II. Ca III. Sc
of the type EH3 where E = N, P, As, Sb or Bi. The bond (a) (I), (II), (III) (b) (III), (II), (I)
angles from NH3 to SbH3 decreases because as we go (c) (II), (I), (III) (d) (I), (III), (II)
down in the group 15 elements, the electronegativity
decreases then bonded electron polarizes towards AP-EAMCET-2005
central atom less, so repulsion decreases and bond angle Ans. (d) : Due to increase in effective nuclear charge
is also be decreases. (Zeff) atomic size decrease in the following order.
Ca > Sc > Ti
527. According to bond order concept, the correct
or II > III > I
order of stability of O2, O 2+ and O 2– is 531. In the nitrogen family the H-M-H bond angle
(a) O 2 > O 2+ > O 2– (b) O 2– > O 2 > O 2+ in the hydrides (MH3) gradually becomes closer
to 90º on going from N to Sb. This shows that
(c) O 2 > O 2– > O 2+ (d) O 2+ > O 2 > O 2– (a) the basic strength of hydrides increases
J & K CET-2006 (b) the bond energies of M–H bonds increases
(c) almost pure p-orbitals are used for M–H Ans. (a) : Given that,
bonding Mass defect ( ∆m ) = 0.090 amu
(d) the bond pairs of electrons come nearer to the 1 amu = 931.5 Mev
central atom ∴ Mass defect ( ∆m ) = 0.090 × 931.5 Mev
CG PET -2005 ∆m = 83.835 Mev
Ans. (c) : In the nitrogen family the H-M-H bond angle Number of nucleon in given nucleus = 9
in the hydrides (MH3) gradually becomes closer to 90º 83.835
on going from N to Sb. This shows that almost pure p- Thus, binding energy per nucleon =
orbitals are used for M–H bonding. 9
= 9.315 Mev
532. The angle between two covalent bonds is
maximum in 536. The bond-angle in AsH3 is greater than that in:
(a) CH4 (b) H2O (a) NH3 (b) H2O
(c) CO2 (d) SO2 (c) BCl3 (d) none of these
CG PET -2005 JCECE - 2004
Ans. (c) : As we know that the percent s character is Ans. (d) : Bond angle of AsH3 is 91.8° and that of NH3
directly proportional to the bond angle of molecule. The is 107.8° BCl3 is trigonal planar, and therefore the bond
hybridization of molecule is given below– angle is 120 whereas H2O has bond angle of 104.5°.
Molecule Hybridisation % S character Hence, option (d) is correct.
CH4 sp3 25
H 2O sp3 25 537. The bond order of O +2 same as in
CO2 sp 50 (a) N +2 (b) CN–
SO2 sp2 33.33
Thus, CO2 molecule has greater bond angle between (c) CO (d) NO+
two covalent bonds. UP CPMT-2004
533. Which one of the following molecules has the Ans. (a) : Write the electronic configuration of each of
smallest bond angle? the species according to the molecular orbital theory
(a) NH3 (b) PH3 and then find bond order with its help.
∗ 2 ∗ 2
(c) H2O
(e) H2S
(d) H2Se 2
( )
O 2+ (totale − = 15) = (σ1s) σ 1s (σ2s) σ 2s
2
( )
(σ2p z ) (π2p 2x = π2p2y ) (π∗ 2p1x )
Kerala-CEE-2005 2
Ans. (d) : As the electron density around the central

atom decreases the repulsion between electron pair 10 – 5
Bond order = = 2.5
decreases. Hence, the bond angle decreases in the 2
order– (a) N +2 = (totale − = 13) = (σ1s)2 (σ*1s)2 (σ2s)2 (σ*2s)2
NH3 > PH 3 > H 2S > H 2Se
Therefore, H2Se has the smallest bond angle. (π2p2x = π2p2y ) (σ2p1z )
534. Bond order in benzene is 9–4
(a) 1 (b) 2 Bond order = = 2.5
2
(c) 1.5 (d) None of these 2 2
( ) (σ2s) (σ 2s)
2 ∗ 2 ∗
UP CPMT-2005 (b) CN– (total e– = 14) = (σ1s ) σ 1s
Ans. (c) : The structure of benzene shows it has 6-
carbon-carbon single bonds and 3 carbon-carbon double (π2p2x = π2p2y ) (σ2p2z )
bonds.
10 – 4
Bond order = =3
2
2 2
( ) (σ2s) (σ 2s)
2 ∗ 2 ∗
(c) CO (total e– =14) = (σ1s ) σ 1s
(π2p2x = π2p2y ) (σ2p2z )

Total bonds 9 10 – 4
Bond order = = Bond order = =3
Total C-atomsin molecule 6 2
2 2
= 1.5
( ) (σ2s) (σ 2s)
2 ∗ 2 ∗
(d) NO+ (total e– =14) = (σ1s ) σ 1s
535. If the mass defect of 94 X is 0.090 AMU then
binding energy per nucleon is
π2p 2x = π2p 2y ( ) (σ2p2z )
(1AMU=931.5 Mev) 10 – 4
(a) 9.315 Mev (b) 931.5 Mev Bond order = =3
2
(c) 83.0 Mev (d) 8.38 Mev ∴ Bond order of O 2+ is same as that of N 2+
J & K CET-(2004)
538. The oxidation state of Xe and XeO3 and the Ans. (b): O +
2
bond angle in it respectively, are :
(a) + 6, 109º (b) + 8, 103º Total electron in O +2 = 15
(c) + 6, 103º (d) + 8, 120º MO configuration of
AP-EAMCET/2003 2 2
O +2 = (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s ) σ∗ 2s
( ) ( )
2 2
Ans. (c): In XeO3, let the Oxidation state of Xe is x
XeO3 (σ2pz ) π2p2x = π2p 2y π∗ 2p1x
( )( )
2
∴ x + 3(–2) = 0
x=+6 10 – 5
Bond order of O +2 = = 2.5
In XeO3 has sp3 hybridization with bond angle is 103º. 2
+
539. Which of the following molecules is most Thus, bond order of O 2 is 2.5.
stable? 542. The bond energies (in kJ mol-1) of P–H, As–H
(a) H2 (b) F2 and N–H are respectively
(c) O2 (d) N2 (a) 247, 389 and 318 (b) 247, 318 and 389
AMU–2003 (c) 318, 389 and 247 (d) 318, 247 and 389
Ans. (d) : Bond order in H2=1 AP EAMCET- 2002
Bond order in F2=1 Ans. (d) : Bond energy increase then the bond length
Bond order in O2=2 decrease. As–H has bond length is maximum in
Bond order in N2= 3 comparison to N–H and P–H.
Higher the bond order, more stable is the molecule. So the bond energy is less. The correct order of bond
energy is– N – H > P – H > As – H
540. N2 and O2 are converted to N 2+ and O 2+ 543. An element M reacts with chlorine to form a
respectively. Which of the following is not compound X. The bond angle in X is 120o.
correct? What is M?
+ (a) Be (b) B
(a) In N 2 , the N – N bond weakens.
(c) Mg (d) N
(b) In O 2+ , O – O bond order increases. AP-EAMCET (Medical), 2002
Ans. (b) : When boron and nitrogen reacts with chlorine
(c) In O 2+ , paramagnetism decreases. to form BCl3, NCl3 respectively. The bond angle in
+
(d) N 2 becomes diamagnetic BCl3 is 120o and bond angle in NCl3 is 107o and hence,
the M will be boron.
J & K CET-2003
544. Which of the following molecule has highest
2
Ans. (d) : N2 (Total e– = 14) = (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s )
( )
2 2 bond energy?
(a) F−F (b) N−N
∗ 2 1 2 (c) C−C (d) O−O
( ) ( 2 2
σ 2s π2p x = π2p y σ2p z )( ) AIIMS-2002
10 – 4 Ans. (b): The molecular orbital configuration of
Bond order of N 2 = =3 molecule is –
2
2 2 (i)F2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p 2z, π2p 2x = π2p 2y ,
O2 (total e– = 16) = (σ1s) σ∗1s (σ2s ) σ∗ 2s
( ) ( )
2 2
π * 2p 2x = π *sp 2y
( )( )
2
10 − 8
Bond order = =1
10 – 6 – 2
Bond order of O 2 = =2 unpaired e = 2 (i) N2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p x2 = π2p 2y , σ2p 2z
2
Similarly, 10 − 4
9– 4 Bond order = =3
+
Bond order of N 2 = = 2.5, n = 1 (Paramagnetic) 2
2 (iii) C2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ 2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , π2p 2x = π2p 2y
10 – 5
Bond order of O +2 = = 2.5, Unpaired e – = 1 8−4
2 Bond order = =2
2
According to the above explanations, only one
(iv) O2 = σ1s 2 , σ *1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ * 2s 2 , σ2p z,2 π2p 2x
statement is not true i.e. option (d) because N +2
becomes paramagnetic. = π2p 2y , π * 2p 2x = π * 2p1y
541. The bond order of O +2 is: 10 − 6

Bond order = =2
(a) 2 (b) 2.5 2
(c) 1.5 (d) 0.5 ∴ Bond order is directly proportional to bond energy
JCECE - 2003 hence, N2 has maximum bond energies.
545. Bond order of N––O bonds in nitrate ion is 548. Which one of the following order is correct for
(a) 1.25 (b) 1.50 the bond energies of halogen molecules?
(c) 1.33 (d) 1.0 (a) I2>Cl2>Br2 (b) Br2>Cl2>I2
AMU 2002 (c) Cl2>Br2>I2 (d) I2>Br2>Cl2
Ans. (c) : The resonating structure of nitrate ion is AP EAMCET- 2001
given below- Ans. (c) : On moving from top to down in a group of
halogen family bond energies decrease due to distance
b/w the electron and nuclei increases thereby decreasing
the force of attraction.
∴ The order of bond energies is-
Cl2 > Br2 > I2
Total number of bonds (N - O)in all 549. The catenation tendency of C, Si and Ge is in
the order Ge < Si < C. The bond energies (in kJ
resonating structure mol-1) of C–C, Si–Si and Ge–Ge bonds,
Bond order =
Number of resonating structure respectively, are:
4 (a) 167, 180, 348 (b) 180, 167,348
Bond order = = 1.33 (c) 348, 167, 180 (d) 348, 180, 167
3 AP EAMCET- 2001
546. Bond angle of 109º28' is found in Ans. (d) : Catenation tendency ∝ Bond energy.
(a) NH 3 (b) H 2 O Hence, catenation tendency of Ge < Si < C is given so
⊕ ⊕ the bond energies of C–C, Si–Si and Ge–Ge will be
(c) C H 5 (d) N H 4 348, 180, 167 are respectively.
(AIEEE-2002) 550. Which of the following statements is true?
Ans. (d) : Molecules which has regular geometry then (a) Hybridization of the central atom in NH3 and
they acquire the proper bond angle. Here, NH +4 has sp3 CH4 is sp2
hybridisation with zero lone pair. (b) BeCl 2 has V-shape while SO2 is linear
(c) SF6 is octahedral and F–S–F bond angle 90º
(d) CO2 has dipole moment
AP-EAMCET/2001
Ans. (c): SF6 has octahedral structure :
Whereas NH3 and H2O has one and two lone pair
respectively due to which they have less bond angle
than NH +4 .
547. The species containing shortest O – O bond Be bond angle F – S – F is 90º. Statement is true.
length is
• Hybridization of central atom in NH3 and CH4 is
(a) O2 (b) O 2– sp3.
(c) O 22– (d) O 2+ • BeCl2 is linear and SO2 is V-shaped structure.
• CO2 has zero dipole moment.
J & K CET-(2002)
551. Which of the following has the lowest bond
Ans. (d) : O +2 has 15 e–. Molecular orbital angle?
configuration can be written as– (a) H2O (b) CH4
∗ 2 ∗ 2 (c) H2S (d) NH3
+
(
2
) ( 2
)
O 2 (15) = (σ1s) σ 1s (σ2s ) σ 2s (σ 2p z )
2
AP-EAMCET/2000
∗
( 2
)( 2
)1
π2p x = π2p y π 2p x Ans. (c): H 2 S has the lowest bond angle i.e. 92.5º
because sulphur has more in size than the oxygen.
10 – 5 • Molecule Bond angle
Bond order = = 2.5
2 H 2O – 104.5°
10 – 6 CH4 – 109.5°
Similarly, Bond order of O 2 = =2 NH3 – 107.5°
2
10 – 7 552. In which of the following compounds the angle
Bond order of O 2– = = 1.5 between two covalent bonds is highest?
2
(a) CH4 (b) NH3
10 – 8
Bond order of O 2– 2 = = 1 (c) H 2 O (d) H2O2
2 AP-EAMCET (Med.)-1999
It is very well known that bond length is inversely 3
proportional to the bond order of the molecules. Thus, Ans. (a) : The hybridisation of CH4 molecule is sp .
There is no any lone pair present in the CH4. Hence, the
O +2 has shortest bond length. actual bond angle is 109028'. Whereas, NH3, H2O and
H2O2 contains the 1, 2 and 2 lone pair respectively. It 10 − 8
are also have sp3 hybridisation but due to the lone pair- (d) O 22− (total e- =18)⇒ Bond order = =1
lone pair repulsion bond angle reduces. 2
+
CH4 bond angle is 109.28° Thus, O 2 has maximum bond order
NH3 bond angle is 107° 557. Cyclic hydrocarbon 'A' has all the carbon and
H2O bond angle is 104.5° hydrogen atoms in a single plane. All the
H2O2 bond angle is 97° carbon-carbon bonds have the same length, less
553. The correct order of the bond angles is than 1.54 Å, but more than 1.34 Å. The bond
(a) NH3 > H2O > PH3 > H2S angle will be
(b) NH3 > PH3 > H2O > H2S (a) 109028' (b) 1000
0
(c) NH3 > H2S > PH3 > H2O (c) 180 (d) 1200
(d) PH3 > H2S > NH3 > H2O NEET-1989
J & K CET-(1997) Ans. (d) : The cyclic hydrocarbon 'A' is benzene
Ans. (a) : According to the VSEPR theory–the bond because in benzene bond length is between single and
angle is inversely proportional to the electronegativity double bond and all the carbon and hydrogen 2
atoms i.e.
of the substituent and directly proportional to the size in a single plane where each C atom is sp hybridised
of central atom. so, C–C–C bond angle is 120o.
558. The Cl–C–Cl angle in 1, 1, 2, 2-tetrachloro-
ethene and tetra-chloromethane respectively
will be about
(a) 1200 and 109.50 (b) 900 and 109.50
0 0
(c) 109.5 and 90 (d) 109.50 and 1200
554. The bond angle of H2X (where, X is a sixth NEET-1988
group element), as one goes down the group, Ans. (a) : In 1, 1, 2, 2 tetrachloroethene, each carbon is
(a) Increases (b) Decreases sp2 hybridised, thus having bond angle 120o and in
(c) Does not change (d) Changes irregulary tetrachloromethane carbon is sp3- hybridized, hence
AP EAMCET- 1996 bond angle is 109.5o.
Ans. (b) : The bond angle of H2X (where, X is a sixth + −
group element) decreases as we go down the group 559.The bond angles of NH 3 , NH 4 and NH 2 are in the
because of electronegativity decreases. order
555. The effect of repulsion between the two lone (a) NH −2 > NH 3 > NH 4+ (b) NH +4 > NH 3 > NH 2−
pairs of electrons present on oxygen in water (c) NH 3 > NH −2 > NH 4+ (d) NH > NH +4 > NH 2−
molecule is : VITEEE 2014
(a) no change in H–O–H bond angle
Ans. (b) : On increases the number of lone pairs of
(b) increase in H–O–H bond angle
electrons, bond angle decreases. Therefore order of
(c) decrease in H–O–H bond angle
bond angle of these species is-
(d) All atoms will be in one plane
AP-EAMCET/1996 NH +4 > NH 3 > NH 2−
Ans. (c): According to the Valence Bond Theory ↓ ↓ ↓
(VBT), the repulsion are working in following manner– Zero One Two
Lone pair-lone pair > Lone pair-bond pair > Bond pair- lone lone lone
bond pair. The repulsion decreases the bond angle. pair pair pair
Water molecule which is sp3 hybridized. It angle is
104.5º. This is due to the presence of two lone pairs of
560. Which one of the following pairs of species
electrons.
have the same bond order?
556. Which of the following molecules has the (a) CN– and NO+ (b) CN– and CN+
highest bond order?
(c) O −2 and CN − (d) NO+ and CN+
(a) O −2 (b) O2
Kerala CEE 2009, NEET 2017
(c) O +2 (d) O 22− Ans. (a) : The given species which have equal number
NEET-1994 of total electron then they have the same bond order.
Ans. (c) Only CN– and NO+ has the same no of total electron
10 − 7 i.e. 14. Hence, they have same bond order.
(a) O −2 (total e- =17)⇒Bond order = = 1.5
2 561. Stability of the species Li 2 , Li 2− and Li +2
10 − 6 increases in the order of
(b) O 2 (total e- =16)⇒ Bond order = =2
2 (a) Li 2 < Li 2+ < Li 2− (b) Li 2– < Li +2 < Li 2
10 − 5 (c) Li 2 < Li 2− < Li 2+ (d) Li −2 < Li 2 < Li 2+
(c) O +2 (total e- =15)⇒ Bond order = = 2.5
2 JEE Main 2013

Ans. (b) : The given species are Li 2 , Li +2 , and Li 2– Choose the correct answer from the options
given below.
2 2 2
Total no. of e– in Li2(6) = (σ1s) σ*1s ( ) (σ2s) A
(a) (iii)
B
(iv)
C
(i)
D
(ii)
N a = 2, N b = 4 (b) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
2 (c) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
Total no. of e– in Li +2 (5) = (σ1s) σ*1s
2
( ) (σ2s)
1
(d) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
N a = 2, N b = 3 JEE Main 05.03.2021
Total no. of e– in Li 2– (7) Ans. (a) :
2 2 2 1 Molecule Naand Nb Bond order
= (σ1s) σ*1s( ) (σ2s) (σ* 2s)
Ne2 Nb=10,Na=10 B.O. =
N b – N a 10 – 10
= =0
N a = 3, N b = 4 2 2
If Nb is the number of electrons occupying bonding 10 – 4
N2 Nb=10,Na=4 B.O. = =3
orbitals and Na is the number of electron occupying the 2
antibonding orbitals then the molecule is stable if Nb is 10 – 8
greater than Na. Hence, the correct order of stability is– F2 Nb=10,Na=8 B.O. = =1
2
Li 2– < Li +2 < Li 2 .
10 – 6
562. In which of the following processes, the bond O2 Nb=10,Na=6 B.O. = =2
2
order has increased and paramagnetic
character has changed to diamagnetic? 564. The correct order of bond angles (smallest
(a) O 2 → O 2+ (b) N 2 → N 2+ first) in H 2S, NH 3 , BF3 and SiH 4 is
(c) O 2 → O 2−
(d) NO → NO + (a) H 2S < SiH 4 < NH 3 < BF3
JEE Main 2019 (b) NH 3 < H 2S < SiH 4 < BF3
Ans. (d) : The species are given below– (c) H 2S < NH 3 < SiH 4 < BF3
(d) H 2S < NH 3 < BF3 < SiH 4
AIEEE 2004
Ans. (c) : The bond angle of the molecules depends
upon the hybridization of molecule as well as
availability of lone pair of electron on central atom.
H 2S
Hybridisation = Bond pair + Lone pair
=2+2
= 4 (sp3)
Similarly,
NH3
Hence, the correct option is (d).

SiH4
563. Match List-I with List-II Hybridisation = 4 + 0 = (sp3)
List-I List-II
(Molecule) (Bond order)
A Ne2 (i) 1
B N2 (ii) 2
C F2 (iii) 0 Hence, the correct order of bond angle is–
D O2 (iv) 3 SH2 < NH3 < SiH4 < BF3.

568. The correct Lewis acid order for boron halides is–
5. Fajan's Rule (a) BBr3 > BCl3 > BI3 > BF3
(b) BI3 > BF3 > BBr3 > BCl3
565. The correct order of acid strength is (c) BF3 > BCl3 > BBr3 > BI3
(a) HClO < HClO2 < HClO3 < HClO4 (d) BI3 > BBr3 > BCl3 > BF3
(b) HClO4 < HClO < HClO2 < HClO3 BCECE-2017, 2016
(c) HClO2 < HClO3 < HClO4 < HClO Ans. (d) : According to the Fajan's rule- acidity is
(d) HClO4 < HClO3 < HClO2 < HClO directly proportional to the size of anion of the
compound Here, I– has the larger size than the Br, Cl
JEE Main- 2014
and F.
BCECE-2010 Hence, the order of lewis acid will be–
JIPMER-2007 BI3 > BBr3 > BCl3 > BF3
UP CPMT-2002
569. The correct decreasing order of solubility of
Ans. (a) : Oxygen is more electronegative element. The the sulphates in water is–
species which have more number of oxygen atoms (a) BeSO4 > MgSO4 > CaSO4 > SrSO4 > BaSO4
attached with the chlorine get's more acidic character
because oxygen atom pulls the bonding pair of electron (b) BaSO4 > SrSO4 > CaSO4 > MgSO4 > BeSO4
due to which the strength of bond (H–X) get weaked (c) BaSO4 > SrSO4 > CaSO4 > MgSO4 > BeSO4
and the removal of H easily takes place. Hence, the (d) BaSO4 > SrSO4 > MgSO4 > CaSO4 > BeSO4
correct order of acidic strength is–
HClO < HClO2 < HClO3 < HClO4 Manipal-2020, BCECE-2015
Ans. (a) : With increase in radius of the cation down the
566. The correct sequence of increasing covalent
group, ∆Hs becomes less and less negative Hence, the
character is represented by
solubility decreasing down the group.
(a) LiCl < NaCl < BeCl2
Hence, the decreasing order of solubility will be–
(b) BeCl2 < NaCl < LiCl BeSO4 > MgSO4 > CaSO4 > SrSO4 > BaSO4
(c) NaCl < LiCl < BeCl2
570. Among Al2 O3 ,SiO 2 , P2 O3 and SO 2 , the correct
(d) BeCl2 < LiCl < NaCl
JCECE - 2016, 2012 order of acid strength is
JIPMER-2007 (a) SO 2 < P2 O3 < SiO 2 < Al 2 O3
NEET-2005 (b) SiO 2 < SO 2 < Al2 O3 < P2 O3
Ans. (c) : On the basis of Fajan's rule, lower the size of (c) Al 2O3 < SiO 2 < SO 2 < P2 O3
cation higher will be its polarising power and higher (d) Al 2O3 < SiO 2 < P2 O3 < SO 2
will be covalent character.
Assam CEE-2014, AIEEE- 2004
1
∴ Polarising power ∝ Ans. (d) : While moving along a group from top to
Size of cation bottom, acidic nature of oxides decreases and along a
Covalent character ∝ Polarising power period from left to right acidic nature increases. Thus,
So, the correct order is NaCl < LiCl < BeCl2 the increasing order will be:–
(The order of size of cation Na+ > Li+ > Be2+) Al2 O3 < SiO 2 < P2 O3 < SO 2 .
567. The charge/size ratio of a cation determines its 571. The correct order of the increasing basic
polarizing power. Which one of the following nature of the given oxides is
sequences represents the increasing order of (a) MgO < K2O < Al2O3 < Na2O
the polarizing power of the cationic species, (b) Na2O < K2O < MgO < Al2O3
K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Be2+? (c) K2O < Na2O < Al2O3 < MgO
(a) Ca2+ <Mg2+<Be2+ <K+ (d) Al2O3 < MgO < Na2O < K2O
(b) Mg2+ <Be2+ < K+ < Ca2+ Assam CEE-2014
(c) Be2+<K+<Ca2+< Mg2+ (AIEEE 2011)
(d) K+<Ca2+< Mg2+< Be2+ Ans. (d) : According to the Fajan's rule–
COMEDK 2017 1
JIPMER-2015 Polarization power ∝
Basicity
AIEEE-2007
1
Ans. (d) : The charge/size ratio of a cation determinesor No. of cation ∝
its polarizing power. Higher is the charge and lower to Basicity
and
size ratio and higher will be the polarizing power of the
cation. size of cation ∝ Basicity
As the size of the given cations decreases as The given compounds are MgO, K2O, Al2O3 and Na2O.
K + > Ca 2+ > Mg 2+ > Be 2+ +2 +1 +3 +1
Mg O K 2 O Al2 O3 Na 2 O
Hence, polarizing power increases as
Hence, the order will be-
K + < Ca 2+ < Mg 2+ < Be 2+
Al2O3 < MgO < Na2O < K2O
572. Among LiCl, BeCl2,BCl3 and CCl4, the covalent Observed dipole moment
bond character follows the order = ×100
(a) LiCl < BeCl2 < BCl3 < CCl4 Calculated dipole moment
(b) BCl3< CCl4 < BeCl2 < LiCl 1.03
(c) BeCl2 < LiCl < CCl4 < BCl3 = ×100 = 16.83
6.12
(d) CCl4 < BCl3 < BeCl2 < LiCl 577. The correct set from the following in which both
JIPMER-2013 pairs are in correct order of melting point is
NEET-1990 (a) LiF > LiCl, MgO > NaCl
Ans. (a) : According to the Fajan's rule, covalent (b) LiCl > LiF, NaCl > MgO
character is directly proportional charge on cation and (c) LiF > LiCl, NaCl > MgO
inversaly proportional to the size of cation. Among (d) LiCl > LiF, MgO > NaCl
LiCl, BeCl2, BCl3 and CCl4 has the +1, +2, +3 and +4 [JEE Main-2021, 24 Feb Shift-II]
change respectively. Thus, the increasing order of
covalevt character will be– Ans. (a) : The charge on cation is inversely proportional
to the melting point of the compound.
LiCl < BeCl2 < BCl3 < CCl4
573. Which one of the following has the highest 1
Charge on cation ∝
Lewis acid strength? Melting point
(a) BI3 (b) BBr3
(c) BF3 (d) BCl3 1
Manipal-2016 Size of anion ∝
Melting point
J & K CET-(2009)
In the given set LiF and LiCl, F has less atomic size
Ans. (a) : According to the Fajan's rule, size of ion is than Cl. Hence, LiF has higher melting point than LiCl.
directly proportional to the acidic strength. In the given MgO NaCl
halogen of borons. I– ion has large size due to which
they have highest lewis acid strength. Similarly, Mg→2+ Na→+1
O→2– Cl→1–
574. Which of the following metal hydroxides is
strong base ? MgO having +2 charge which is greater than NaCl(+1)
charge. So, greater the charge on the ions greater will be
(a) Mg(OH)2 (b) Ca(OH)2
lattice energy and hence, melting point order is MgO >
(c) Sr(OH)2 (d) Ba(OH)2 NaCl.
UP CPMT-2012
AMU-2007 578. Which is the most covalent ?
(a) AlCl3 (b) AlI3
Ans. (d) : The alkaline metal hydroxides are stronger (c) MgI2 (d) NaI
bases and their basic strength increases from Be(OH)2
AP EAPCET 24.08.2021, Shift-I
to Ba(OH)2 due to corresponding decrease in the
ionization enthalpy of the metal as we move down the Ans. (b) : The given species are –
group. Thus Ba(OH)2 is a strongest base. AlCl3 AlI3 MgI 2 NaI
575. The correct order of acidic strength is Charge − +3 +3 +2 +1
(a) K2O > CaO > MgO − − −
(b) Na2O > MgO > Al2O3 Anion − Cl I I I−
(c) CO2 > N2O5 > SO3 According to the Fajan’s rule – the covalent character
(d) Cl2O7 > SO2 > P4O10 depends upon the charge of cation and size of anions.
AMU-2012, 2001 As the size of anion increases the covalent character
will be also increases. So, AlI3 have the more covalent
Ans. (d) : On moving across the period, the acidic character.
character of the oxides increases.
579. The correct order of boiling point in the
576. The bond length of HCl molecule is 1.275 Å following compounds is
and its dipole moment is 1.03 D. The ionic (a) HF > H2O > NH3 (b) H2O > HF > NH3
character of the molecule (in per cent) (charge
of the electron = 4.8 × 10–10 esu) is : (c) NH3 > H2O > HF (d) NH3 > HF > H2O
(a) 100 (b) 67.3 Kerala-CEE-29.08.2021
(c) 33.66 (d) 16.83 Ans. (b) : Both H2O and HF have electronegative atom
AP-EAMCET/2008, 2003 are oxygen and fluorine respectively in their molecule. In
fact, fluorine is more electronegative than oxygen, so
Ans. (d): Given : technically, HF should engage in more hydrogen bonding
Bond length of HCl molecule = 1.275 Å than water but the scenario is different. Each water
= 1.275 × 10–10m molecule has two hydrogen atoms. Whereas, each HF
= 1.275 × 10–8 cm. molecule has only one hydrogen atom and water
Observed dipole moment = 1.03 D molecule takes part in extensive and more hydrogen
Charge of electron (e–) = 4.8 × 10–10 esu bonding than hydrofluoric acid. Water molecule through
Calculated dipole moment = e × d its extensive hydrogen bonding forms a bulky molecule
= 4.8 × 10–10 esu × 1.275 × 10–8 cm. and it is very difficult to break its bonds. A large amount
= 6.12 D of energy is required to break all its bonds. Thus, H2O
% Ionic character has a higher boiling point than HF and NH3.

580. The correct decreasing order of the basic 584. The acidic oxide from below is
strength is (a) CO (b) GeO
(a) HS− > CH 3− > NH 2− > CN − (c) SnO (d) PbO
(b) HS− > CN − > NH 2− > CN 3−
Ans. (b) : As we know down in group acidic nature of
(c) CH 3− > NH 2− > CN − > HS− oxides decrease and basic nature increases.
− − − − So,
(d) NH 2 > CN > CN3 > HS
Neutral oxide – CO
TS-EAMCET (Engg.), 05.08.2021 Shift-II Acidi oxide – GeO
Ans. (c) : Decreasing order of basicly is as follow, Basic oxide – SnO, PbO
CH 3− > NH 2− > CN − > HS− 585. The Lewis acid in the following is
To determine the basic strength of these anions we need (a) PH3 (b) H2S
to find out the acidic strength of the conjugate acids. (c) C2H4 (d) B2H6
Conjugate acids of CH 3− , NH 2− ,CN − , HS− are CH4, NH3, TS EAMCET 10.08.2021, Shift-II
HCN, H2S respectively. Ans. (d) :B2H6 is laws acid. In diborane two e– are
As we know that, Shared between three centers Boron centre is e–
Acidity ∝ Electronegativity deficient ,so it act as Lewis acid
On going from left to right in the period,
electronegativity increases.
So, acidity order is HS− > CN − > NH 2− > CH3− .
Hence, the basicity order of the conjugate acids are–
CH 3− > NH 2− > CN − > HS−
581. Which among the following is least covalent in
nature?
(a) NF3 (b) BiF3
(c) PF3 (d) SbF3
Ans. (b) : The covalent character is directly
proportional to the no. of charge of cation and inversely
proportional to the size of cation. Here, Bi has the more
ionic radius due to which they shows the least covalent
character. 586. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
582. How many of the following oxides are (a) Tl3+ salts are oxidizing agents.
amphoteric? (b) Ga+ salts are reducing agents.
BeO, ZnO, Sb2O3, CO, CaO, SO2, SO3 (c) Pb4+ salts are better oxidizing agents
(a) 2 (b) 3 (d) As+5 salts are better oxidizing agents.
(c) 4 (d) 5 AP EAPCET 20.08.2021 Shift-I
TS-EAMCET (Engg.), 07.08.2021 Shift-II Ans. (d) : As+5 cannot be reduced.
Ans. (b) : Metal oxides which react with both acids as As+5 salts are not a good oxidizing agent.
well as bases to produce salts and water are known as
amphoteric oxides. Atom whose oxide show amphoteric As + 2e  → As3+ (less stable)
+5 –
nature is Zn, Al, Be, Ga, Pb, Sn, As, Sb and Bi. So, 587. How many oxides among the following are
ZnO, Sb2O3 & BeO shows amphoteric nature because basic in nature ?
all three oxide react with both acid and bases. As2O3, Na2O, MgO, Mn2O3, CaO, ZnO, N2O,
583. A metal 'M' readily gives MSO4, which is N 2O 5
soluble in water. It forms its oxide MO which is (a) 4 (b) 5
amphoteric. It forms an insoluble hydroxide (c) 3 (d) 6
M(OH)2, which is soluble in NaOH solution. AP EAPCET 24.08.2021, Shift-I
The M is Ans. (c) :
(a) Be (b) Ba
(c) Ca (d) Mg
Ans. (a) : Beryllium form Beryllium sulfate (BeSO4)
which is water soluble
• Beryllium form Beryllium hydroxide (Be(OH)2)
which is insoluble in water.
• Beryllium form Beryllium Oxide (BeO) which
becomes inert on heating.
• Be(OH)2 being amphoteric reacts with NaOH.
• Solubility of alkaline earth metal decreases as we
move down in the periodic table.

588. Assertion (A): LiCl and MgCl2 are soluble in 592. Compound A used as a strong oxidizing agent
ethanol. is amphoteric in nature. It is the part of lead
Reason (R): Lithium and magnesium are storage batteries. Compound A is:
harder than their respective group elements (a) PbO (b) PbO2
The correct option among the following is (c) Pb3O4 (d) PbSO4
(a) (A) is true, (R) is true and (R) is the correct JEE Main 26.02.2021, Shift-I
explanation for (A)
(b) (A) is true, (R) is true but (R) is not the Ans. (b) : PbO2 is the amphoteric and strong oxidizing
correct explanation for (A) agent and also a component of lead storage batteries. In
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false this oxidation state of Pb is +4. So it is always reduced
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true and behaves as oxidizing agent.
TS-EAMCET (Engg.), 06.08.2021 593. Which pair of oxides is acidic in nature ?
Ans. (b): Ethanol form hydrogen bonding. It is covalent (a) B2O3,CaO (b) B2O3, SiO2
in nature and polar. LiCl and MgCl2 are polar nature, so (c) N2O, BaO (d) CaO, SiO2
soluble in polar ethanol. (JEE Main 2021, 26 Feb Shift-II)
Both Li and Mg are quite hard. They are harder and Ans. (b) : According to the Fajan's rule, acidic character
lighter than other elements in their respective group. is directly proportional to the charge on ion.
So (A) is true, (R) is true but (R) is not the correct (a) B 2O 3 CaO
explanation for (A). B→+3 Ca→+2
589. Highest covalent character is found in which of (b) B 2O 3 SiO2
the following? B→+3 Si→+4
(a) CaF2 (b) CaCl2 (c) N 2O BaO
(c) CaBr2 (d) CaI2 N→+1 Ba→+2
TS EAMCET 04.08.2021, Shift-I (d) CaO SiO2
Ans. (d) : According to Fajan’s Rules "size of anion
Ca→+2 Si→+4
increases then covalent character also increases." The
size of iodide is maximum than the other halogen atom. In the given set, B and Si has highest number of
So, highest covalent character is found CaI2. ions due to which they have highest acidic character.
594. The correct order of boiling points in the
590. Given below are two statements:
following compounds is
Statement I : Both CaCl26H2O and MgCl2 8H2O
undergo dehydration on heating. (a) HF>H2O>NH3 (b) H2O>HF>NH3
Statement II : BeO is amphoteric whereas the (c) NH3>H2O>HF (d) NH3>HF>H2O
oxides of other elements in the same group are Karnataka-CET-2021
acidic. Ans. (b) : As we know that more the hydrogen bonding,
In the light of the above statements, choose the higher will be boiling point. Each water molecule
correct answer from the options given below : formed four hydrogen bonds with surrounding water
(a) Both statement I and statement II are true molecule. Thus, H2O has more boiling point than HF
(b) Both statement I and statement II are false and NH3. Due to more electronegativity of fluoride ion,
(c) Statement I is true but statement II is false the partial positive and negative charge generated and
(d) Statement I is false but statement II is true having the more boiling point than NH3. Hence, The
JEE Main 16.03.2021, Shift-I correct order of boiling point is – H2O > HF > NH3.
Ans. (b) : The dehydration of CaCl 2 ⋅ 6H 2 O and 595. Amphoteric hydroxide from the following is
MgCl 2 ⋅ 8H 2 O has been studied with heating. (a) Al(OH)3 (b) In(OH)3
∆ (c) B(OH)3 (d) Tl(OH)3
(a) CaCl2 ⋅ 6H 2 O  → CaCl2 + 6H 2 O TS-EAMCET (Engg.), 07.08.2021 Shift-II
( Anhydrous )
∆ Ans. (a) :
(b) MgCl 2 ⋅ 8H 2 O  → MgCl(OH) + 2HCl + 5H 2 O
Al(OH)3 –Amphoteric
Both statement I and statement II are false. BeO is In(OH)3– Much more basic than Acidic
amphoteric in nature and the oxides of same group are
basic in nature. B(OH)3–Weak Acid
Tl(OH)3 –Weak base
591. Number of amphoteric compounds among the
Al(OH)3 is amphoteric in nature because it can react
following is______.
1. BeO 2. BaO both acid and bases.
3. Be(OH)2 4. Sr(OH)2 Reaction of Al(OH)3 in acidic solution–
(a) 2 (b) 3 HCl(aq) + Al(OH)3(aq) → AlCl3(aq) + 3H2O
(c) 1 (d) 4 Reaction of Al(OH)3 in basic medium–
JEE Main 24.02.2021, Shift-I Al(OH)3 + OH– → [Al(OH)4]–
Ans. (a) : Both beryllium compounds BeO and 596. Which of the following molecules is non-polar
Be(OH)2 are amphoteric in nature (react with acid and in nature?
bases) and compound BaO and Sr(OH)2 are basic in (a) NO2 (b) POCl3
nature, they form alkaline solution in water. Hence, (c) CH2O (d) SbCl5
BeO and Be(OH)2 are amphoteric compounds. NEET-2021
Ans. (d) : The structure of given molecule as under:- 600. The intermolecular potential energy for the
molecules A, B, C and D given below suggests
that:
597. Among LiCl, BeCl2, BCl3 and CCl4, the

covalent bond character varies as
(a) LiCl<BeCl2> BCl3> CCl4
(b) BCl3>BeCl2>CCl4>LiCl
(c) LiCl<BeCl2<BCI3<CCl4 (a) A-B has the stiffest bond
(d) LiCl>BeCl2>BCI3> CCI4 (b) D is more electronegative than other atoms
COMEDK 2020 (c) A-A has the largest bond enthalpy
Ans. (c) : More the charge density of cation (i.e, smaller (d) A-D has the shortest bond length
size and high magnitude of charge) more is the covalent (JEE Main 2020, 4 Sep. Shift-I)
character. Ans. (a) : From the given graph, potential energy of A–
Order of charge density the thus the covalent character B molecule is minimum. Thus A–B bond is most stable
is CCl4 >BCl3>BeCl2>LiCl. and have strongest bond amongst these.
598. Which of the following is the correct order? B→Most electronegative
(a) Acidic strength : D→Least electronegative
HClO 4 , < HClO3 , < HClO 2 , < HClO A–B→ Shortest bond length.
(b) Stability : HI < HBr < HCl < HF A–B→Largest bond entholpy.
(c) Ionic character : MF < MCl < MBr < MI 601. Which hydride amongst the following has the
(d) Electron gain enthalpy: I < Br < Cl < F least boiling point?
GUJCET-2020 (a) NH3 (b) PH3
(c) AsH3 (d) SbH3
Ans. (b) : (e) BiH3
(a) With increase in oxidation number of a particular Kerala-CEE-2019
atom, the acidic character of corresponding oxoacid
increases. The increasing order of acidic strength is– Ans. (b) : Boiling point depends on the molecular mass
of the compound. As we go down the group molecular
HClO < HClO 2 < HClO3 < HClO 4 mass increase so does boiling point but due to presence
Hence, the given order of acidic strength is wrong. of hydrogen bonding in H2O and NH3 they have
(b) The stability of these halides decreases down the exceptionally high boiling point. PH3 have lowest
group due to decrease in bond (H–X) dissociation boiling point among the hydride of group no. 15. NH3 is
enthalpy in the order Hence, the stability order– higher boiling point due to excessive hydrogen bonding.
HI < HBr < HCl < HF 602. Which of the following metal halide is more
Hence, the given order is true. covalent?
(c) The ionic character of the halides increase in the (a) SnCl2 (b) PbCl2
order MI < MBr < MCl < MF. Where M is a (c) SbCl3 (d) SbCl5
monovalent atom. Hence, the given order is false. MHT CET-03.05.2019, SHIFT-I
(d) The electron gain enthalpy are of halogen atom in
Ans. (d) : Charge of cation is directly proportional to
following manner–
the covalent character.
I < Br < F < Cl.
SnCl2 PbCl2 SbCl3 SbCl5
Hence, the given order is false.
Sn→+2 Pb→+2 Sb→+3 Sb→+5
599. If the boiling point of H2O is 373 K, the boiling The penta chloride of antimony has the
point of H2S will be maximum no. of cation due to which they has more
(a) less than 300 K covalent character.
(b) equal to 373 K 603. Match the oxide given in column I with its
(c) more than 373 K property given in column II.
(d) greater than 300 K but less than 373 K Column I Column II
(JEE Main 2020, 3 Sep. Shift-I) (i) Na2O A. Neutral
Ans. (a) : Chemical formula of water is H2O so at (ii) Al2O3 B. Basic
room temperature, water molecule is found in liquid (iii) N2O C. Acidic
because of hydrogen bonding but compound H2S is (iv) Cl2O7 D. Amphoteric
found in gas because sulphur atoms don't show Which of the following options has all correct
hydrogen bonding. Now you know as well, a gas has pairs?
very low boiling point compare to liquid. Therefore, the (a) (i) -B, (ii)-A, (iii)-D, (iv)-C
boiling point of H2S should be less than 300 K. (b) (i) -C, (ii)-B, (iii)-A, (iv)-D
(c) (i) -A, (ii)-D, (iii)-B, (iv)-C 608. If Na+ ion is larger than Mg2+ ions and S2–ion is
(d) (i) -B, (ii)-D, (iii)-A, (iv)-C larger than Cl– ion, which of the following will
NEET-Odisha 2019 be stable salt in water?
Ans. (d) : (a) Sodium chloride
Compound (b) Sodium sulphide
(i) Na 2 O − Basic (c) Magnesium sulphide
(d) Magnesium chloride
(ii) Al2 O3 − Amphoteric
JIPMER-2018
(iii) N2O − Neutral Ans. (c) : The lattice energy of a salt gives a rough
(iv) Cl2 O7 − Acidic indication of the solubility of the salt in water because it
reflects the energy needed to separate the positive and
604. The melting points of (i) BeCl2 (ii) CaCl2 and
negative ions in a salt. Sodium and potassium salts are
(iii) HgCl2 follows the order
soluble in water because they have relatively small
(a) i < ii < iii (b) iii < i < ii
lattice energies. Magnesium and aluminum salts are
(c) i < iii < ii (d) ii < i < iii often much less soluble because it takes more energy to
WB-JEE-2019 separate the positive and negative ions in these salts.
Ans. (b) : According to the Fajan's rule- 609. Which of the following oxides is most acidic in
1 nature?
Polarization power ∝
Melting point (a) MgO (b) BeO
BeCl2 CaCl2 HgCl2 (c) BaO (d) CaO
Be→+2 Ca→+2 Hg→+2 NEET-2018
The covalent character will be HgCl2 > BeCl2 > CaCl2 Ans. (b) : In metals moving down the group metallic
Thus, melting point will be HgCl2<BeCl2<CaCl2 i.e. iii character increases, so basic nature increases hence
< i < ii. most acidic will BeO as Be is least metallic in group 2
element.
605. Which of the following has correct increasing MgO BeO BaOCaO
order of hydrolysis?
Mg→+2 Be→+2 Ba→+2 Ca→+2
(a) CCl4 < MgCl2 <AlCl3 <SiCl4 < PCl5
O→–2 O→–2 O→–2 O→–2
(b) PCl5 < MgCl2 < AlCl3 <SiCl4 < CCl4
Beryllium has less atomic size thus BeO has most acidic
(c) PCl5 < SiCl2 < MgCl2 < AlCl3 < CCl4 in nature.
(d) None of these
[AIIMS-26 May, 2018 (E)] 610. Which of the following oxide is of acidic
nature?
Ans. (a): The increasing order of extent of hydrolysis is (a) B2O3 (b) Al2O3
CCl4 < MgCl2 < AlCl3 < SiCl4 < PCl5. As the number of (c) Ga2O3 (d) In2O3
chlorine atoms increases, the charge on the central
metal atom increases and the tendency for the UPTU/UPSEE-2018
nucleophilic attack increases. Hence, the extent of Ans. (a) : According to the periodic trends in group 13,
hydrolysis increases. on moving down, the nature of oxide changes from
acidic to basic. B2O3 is the acidic oxide: Acidic
606. Which of the following is least basic? character of boron oxide may be explained on the basis
(a) NF3 (b) NCl3 of Fajan's rule i.e. small size of boron.
(c) NBr3 (d) NI3
B2 O3 } Acidic
BCECE-2018
Ans. (a) : The size of anion is inversely proportional to Al2 O3 
the basicity. NF3 has least tendency to donate a pair of  Amphotoric
Ga 2 O3 
electrons because of high electronegativity of F. The
lewis base strength of the other trihalides increases as In 2 O3 
the electronegativity of halogen decreases.  Basic
Tl 2O3 
607. Which one of the following is least covalent?
(a) VCl2 (b) VCl3 611. Which among the following is the strongest
acid?
(c) VCl4 (d) VOCl3
(a) HF (b) HCl
BCECE-2018
(c) HBr (d) HI
Ans. (a) : The covalent character is directly TS EAMCET-2017
proportional to charge on cation and inversely
proportional to the size of cation. Ans. (d) : As we move down the group, the size of
The species are given below– halogen increases, bond length increases hence bond
+2 +3 energy decreases. So, HI is releases H+ ions easily than
V Cl2 V Cl3 other. Hence, HI is the strongest acid.
+4 +5 612. Which of the following is the most basic oxide?
V Cl4 V OCl3 (a) SO3 (b) SeO3
In VCl2, 'V' has the least charge on cation so this have (c) PoO (d) TeO
the least covalent character. TS EAMCET-2017
Ans. (c) : On going down the group 16, −1
electronegativity decrease and basic nature of oxide or x = − 1 or x = or x = 2
2
increase. Hence PoO is the most basic oxide. Hence, the increasing order of oxidation state of the
613. Which of the following substances has the least molecule is given below–
covalent character? BaO2 < KO2 < O3 < OF2
(a) Cl2O (b) NCl3 617. Which of the following is the correct order of
(c) PbCl2 (d) BaCl2 stability for the given superoxides?
AIIMS-2017 (a) KO2 < RbO2 < CsO2
Ans. (d): The no. of charge on cation is directly (b) CsO2 < RbO2 < KO2
proportional to the covalent character and size of cation (c) RbO2 < CsO2 < KO2
is inversely proportional to the covalent character. (d) KO2 < CsO2 < RbO2
+2 +3
JIPMER-2017
Cl2 O N Cl3
Ans. (a) : The increasing stability of the peroxide or
+2 +2
Pb Cl2 Ba Cl2 superoxide of alkali metal, as the size of metal increases
stability of superoxide also increases. It is due to the
PbCl2, Cl2O and BaCl2 having same charge so we move stabilization of large anions by larger cations through
in to the size of cation. Barium (Ba) ion has the more lattice energy effect. Thus, the increasing, stability order
size than the other so it has least covalent character. of oxide is–
614. Which of the following has highest hydration KO2 < RbO2 < CsO2.
energy? 618. Which of the following statement is correct?
(a) MgCl2 (b) CaCl2 (a) BCl3 and AlCl3 are both Lewis acids and
(c) BaCl2 (d) SrCl2 AlCl3 is stronger than BCl3
AMU-2017 (b) BCl3 and AlCl3 are both equally strong Lewis
Ans. (a) : As well as size of alkaline earth metal acid
increases about down the group then the hydration (c) Both BCl3 and AlCl3 are not Lewis acids
energy is also be decreases. Thus, MgCl2 has more (d) BCl3and AlCl3 are both Lewis acids and BCl3
hydration energy. is stronger than AlCl3
615. The correct increasing order for basic strength UPTU/UPSEE-2017
of the following species OH–, NH 2− , Ans. (a) : According to the Fajan's rule, the acidity of
molecule is directly proportional to the no. of charge
H − C ≡ C − and CH 3 CH 2− are and inversely proportional to the size of cation. The
(a) OH − < HC ≡ C − < NH 2− < CH 3 CH 2− acidic character of halides of group 13 decreases down
− − − −
the group due to increase in size.
(b) OH < HC ≡ C < CH 3 CH 2 < NH 2 ∴ BCl3 and AlCl3 both are Lewis acids and BCl3 is
(c) CH 3 CH 2− < HC ≡ C − < OH − < NH 2− stronger lewis acids than AlCl3.
− −
(d) CH 3 CH 2 < HC ≡ C < NH 2 < OH− − 619. Which of the following compounds has lowest
boiling point?
BCECE-2017 (a) KCl (b) CuCl
Ans. (a) : The conjugate base of a strong acid is weaker (c) CuCl2 (d) CsCl
while the conjugate base of a weak acid is stronger Manipal-2016
Hence, the correct order of strength of bases is:– Ans. (c) : The boiling point of the compound is
OH − < HC ≡ C− < NH −2 < CH 3 − CH −2 inversely proportional to the no. of charge on cation and
CH 3CH 2− is the conjugate base for ethane and directly proportional to the size of cation.
KCl CuCl CuCl 2 CsCl
HC ≡ C− is the conjugate base for ethyne. Since, ethyne K →+1 Cu →+1 Cu →+2 Cs →+1
has more s-character than ethane, it is more acidic. The copper compound has the maximum no. of charge
Thus, the conjugate base of ethyne will be less basic due to which they get the lowest boiling point.
than the conjugate base of ethane. 620. Which one of the following forms a basic
616. In which of the following the oxidation oxide?
number of oxygen has been arranged in (a) B (b) Tl
increasing order? (c) Al (d) Ga
(a) BaO2 < KO2 < O3 < OF2 TS-EAMCET-2016
(b) OF2 < KO2 < BaO2 < O3 Ans. (b) : Element has more metallic character, more
(c) BaO2 < O3 < OF2 < KO2 basic its oxide. All the given element are p-block and in
(d) KO2 < OF2 < O3 < BaO2 p-block on down the group metallic character increase.
JIPMER-2017 So, Tl has more basic oxide.
Ans. (a) : The given species are–BaO2, KO2, O3 and 621. The order of covalent character of KF, KI, KCl
OF2. Let, all the oxygen species has x oxidation is
number. (a) KCl < KF < KI (b) KI < KCl < KF
∴ BaO2 KO2 O3 OF2 (c) KF < KI < KCl (d) KF < KCl < KI
+2+2x = 0 +1+2x=0 x=0 x-2 = 0 TS-EAMCET-2016
Ans. (d) : As we know, the covalent character is Thus, correct order of acidic character is
directly proportional to the polarization power and N2 O5 > SO2 > CO2 > CO
polarization is directly proportional to size of anion.
(+5) (+4) (+4) (+2)
Iodine has the largest size, therefore KI will have the
most covalent character and fluorine has the smallest Note CO is a neutral oxide.
size, So KF will be least covalent. Therefore, the order 626. Reactivity order of halides for
of covalent character of KF, KI, KCl is KF < KCl < KI. dehydrohalogenation is
622. Among LiCl, RbCl, BeCl2, MgCl2 the (a) R–F > R–Cl > R–Br > R – I
compounds with greatest and least ionic (b) R–I > R – Br > R – Cl > R–F
character respectively are (c) R–I > R –Cl > R–Br > R – F
(a) LiCl and RbCl (b) RbCl and BeCl2 (d) R–F > R – I > R – Br > R – Cl
(c) RbCl and MgCl2 (d) MgCl2 and BeCl2 Karnataka-CET-2016
AMU-2016 Ans. (b) : As well as we move down on halogen group
Ans. (b) : The compounds are LiCl, RbCl, BeCl2 and then size of halogens increases. If halogen group
MgCl2. connected with any group, then the bond length also
Covalent character ∝ No. of charge on cation increases down the group, Here, reactivity of R–X
depends upon bond length. More be the bond length,
1
∝ No.of charge on cation easier for the R–X to go for dehydrohalogenation.
Ionic charcter Thus, correct order is:
+ + +2 +2 R–I > R–Br > R–Cl > R–F.
Li Cl Rb Cl BeCl Mg Cl2 627. The correct order of increasing polarizing
+ +
power of the cations in the following AlCl3,
Li and Rb has the equal number of cation so we
MgCl2, NaCl is
distinguish by the size of cation. The size of cation is (a) AlCl3 < MgCl2 < NaCl
directly proportional to the ionic character. The size of
Rb is more than the Li. So, RbCl has greatest ionic (b) MgCl2< NaCl < AlCl3
character. (c) NaCl < MgCl2 < AlCl3
The charge on Be and Mg are same. The metal (d) NaCl < AlCl3< MgCl2
which have less size having the least ionic character. AMU-2015
Hence, BeCl2 has the least ionic character. Ans. (c) : The cations are given as follows:-
623. Thermal stability of BaCO3, CaCO3 and AlCl3 MgCl2 NaCl
MgCO3 is– The polarizing power is directly proportional to the no. of
(a) BaCO3 > CaCO3 > MgCO3 charge and inversaly proportional to the size of cation.
+3 +2 +
(b) BaCO3 > MgCO3 > CaCO3 AlCl3 Mg Cl2 Na Cl
(c) CaCO3 > MgCO3 > BaCO3
(d) MgCO3 > CaCO3 > BaCO3 The increasing order of polarizing power is given below-
BCECE-2016 NaCl < MgCl2 < AlCl3
Ans. (a) : Thermal stability is directly proportional to 628. The solubility of fluorides of alkali metals in
the size of cation. Thus, the temperature at which a water is–
given carbonate gets decomposed depends on the (a) LiF > NaF > KF > RbF > CsF
polarising power of the cation. Due to successive (b) CsF > RbF > KF > NaF > LiF
increase in the size of alkali earth metal, the thermal (c) LiF > KF > NaF > CsF > RbF
stability of these molecules increases as BaCO3 > (d) CsF > KF > NaF > RbF > LiF
CaCO3 > MgCO3. BCECE-2015
624. Which one has highest melting point? Ans. (b) : In the alkali metal, as well as move down the
(a) NaCl (b) NaBr group then the size of metal increases and the solubility
(c) NaF (d) NaI of fluoride is also increases.
BCECE-2016 Solubility ∝ Size of cation
Ans. (c) : The size of anion is inversely proportion to Hence, the decreasing order of solubility will be–
the melting point or boiling point. Fluoride ion has the CsF > RbF > KF > NaF > LiF
less size then they have high melting point.
629. The correct statement is
625. Correct sequence of acidic character is (a) BF3 is the strongest Lewis acid among the
(a) N2O5 > CO2 > CO > SO2 other boron halides
(b) N2O5 > SO2 > CO2 > CO (b) Bl3 is the weakest Lewis acid among the
(c) CO > CO2 > SO2 > N2O5 boron halides
(d) SO2 > CO2 > CO > N2O5 (c) there is maximum pπ-pπ back bonding in BF3
JCECE - 2016 (d) there is minimum pπ- pπ back bonding in BF3
Ans. (b) : (i) Higher be the positive oxidation value of Karnataka-CET-2015
non-metal oxide, higher be the acidic nature.
Ans. (c) : The molecular formula of boron trihalides are
(ii) For same value of oxidation number, more electro
negative element associated with oxygen shows more BF3, BCl3, BBr3 and BI3. The acidity of boron halide
acidic nature. depends upon the charge on cation and size of anion.

(c) B–F bonds are non-polar while N–F bonds
Size of anion ∝ Acidic character
are plar
The size of fluoride ion is small rather than (d) BF3 is planar but NF3 is pyramidal
other halogen due to which has least acidic character BITSAT 2014
than the other halide. Hence, the statement (a) is false. Ans. (d) : The shape of BF3 is trigonal planar. The
The size of iodine ion is greater than the other structure is given below–
halide. Hence, BI3 has more lewis and character.
The boron and fluorine atom belongs to the
second period element it has the p orbital due to which
pπ–pπ back bonding occur. Hence, the statement is true.
630. The relative strength of trichlorides of boron µ=0
group to accept a pair of electron is given by Hence, it is non polar.
(a) GaCl3 > AlCl3 > BCl3
(b) AlCl3 < BCl3 < GaCl3
(c) AlCl3 < GaCl3 < BCl3 The shape of NF3 is pyramidal and µ ≠ 0.
(d) BCl3< AlCl3 < GaCl3 Hence, it is polar.
(e) GaCl3< BCl3 < AlCl3
634. Which of following is the correct order of
Kerala-CEE-2015 acidic strength?
Ans. (d) : In the third group of boron family, the acidic (a) CH3COOH > ClCH2COOH > Cl2CHCOOH >
strength of trichlorides of boron group decreases down Cl3C.COOH
the group i.e. BCl3 > AlCl3 > GaCl3. Hence, strength of (b) Cl3C.COOH > Cl2CH.COOH >
accepting electron is as follows: Cl.CH2COOH > CH3COOH
BCl3 < AlCl3 < GaCl3. (c) CH3COOH > Cl3.COOH > Cl2CH.COOH >
631. Which of one of the following is least covalent Cl.CH2.COOH
in nature? (d) CH3COOH > ClCH2COOH > Cl2CH.COOH
(a) NF3 (b) BiF3 > Cl3C.COOH
(c) PF3 (d) SbF3 GUJCET-2014
AMU-2014 Ans. (b) : As well as no. of chlorine atom increases
Ans. (b) : Compounds having less charge on cation are which is attached with the α–carbon of carboxylic
less covalent. The covalent character of the molecule is group, the acidic character increases because Cl is
inversely proportional to the size of cation. highly electronegative atom and pulls the bonding pair
1 of electron from which the hydrogen atom easily
Covalent character ∝ removed. Hence, the decreasing order of acidic
size of cation character is–
The given species are NF3, BiF3, PF3 and SbF3. Cl3CCOOH > Cl2CHCOOH > ClCH2COOH > CH3COOH.
All the compounds have same charge due to which we
classify the covalent character from the size of cation. 635. Which of the following option is the correct
Bi3+ has more atomic size than other Thus, BiF3 has less order for the basic strength of metallic
hydroxides?
covalent character.
(a) Al ( OH )3 < Lu ( OH )3 < Ce ( OH )3 < Ca ( OH )2
632. The correct sequence of increasing covalent
character is represented by (b) Ca ( OH )2 < Al ( OH )3 < Lu ( OH )3 < Ce ( OH )3
(a) LiCl < NaCl < BeCl2 (b) BeCl2 < NaCl< LiCl (c) Lu ( OH )3 < Ce ( OH )3 < Al ( OH )3 < Ca ( OH )2
(c) NaCl < LiCl < BeCl2 (d) BeCl2< LiCl< NaCl
Assam CEE-2014 (d) Lu ( OH )3 < Ce ( OH )3 < Ca ( OH ) 2 < Al ( OH )3
Ans. (c) : According to the Fajan's rule, the no of GUJCET-2014
charge on cation is directly proportional to the covalent Ans. (a) : As we know that higher the electropositive
character. character, higher will be basic strength. The order of
+1 +1 +2 size of given metallic elements is:
Li Cl Na Cl Be Cl2
Al3+ < Lu 3+ < Ce3+ < Ca 2+
BeCl2 has more covalent character than the LiCl and Thus, the order of basic strength is:
NaCl because Be contains +2 cation whereas Li and Na
contains +1 charge. Al ( OH )3 < Lu ( OH )3 < Ce ( OH )3 < Ca ( OH )2
1 636. For BCl3, AlCl3 and GaCl3 the increasing order
Covalent character ∝ of ionic character is
Size of cation
(a) BCl3 < AlCl3 < GaCl3
∴ The covalent character follow the following order:– (b) GaCl3 < AlCl3 < BCl3
NaCl < LiCl < BeCl2 (c) BCl3 < GaCl3 < AlCl3
633. The molecules BF3 and NF3 are both covalent (d) AlCl3 < BCl3 < GaCl3
compounds, but BF3 is non polar whereas NF3 WB-JEE-2013
is polar. The reason for this is : Ans. (c) : Ionic character is inversely proportional to the
(a) Atomic size of boron is larger than nitrogen charge on cation and directly proportional to size of
(b) Boron is metal while nitrogen is gas cation.
BCl3 AlCl3 GaCl3 (a) CaO, SiO2,Al2O3 (b) Al2O3, CO2, SiO2
(c) CO, SO2, P2O5 (d) BaO, Al2O3, SiO2
B → +3 Al → +3 Ga → +3 SRMJEEE – 2012
Hence, the correct order of ionic character will be. Ans. (d) : Barium oxide (BaO), Alumina (Al2O3) and
BCl3 < GaCl3 < AlCl3. Silica (SiO2) shows the character of basic nature,
637. The hydration energy of Mg2+ ion is higher amphoteric character and acidic nature respectively.
than that of SiO2– An amphoteric solution is a substance that can
(a) Al3+ (b) Be2+ chemically react as either acid or base.
(c) Na+ (d) None of these 643. The polarizing power of the following anions,
CG PET- 2013 N3-,O2- and F-, follow the order
Ans. (c) : Hydration energy depends on charge of ion (a) N3- > F- > O2- (b) O2-> N3- > F-
2- - 3-
and ionic radius. Higher the charge, greater the (c) O > F > N (d) N3- > O2- > F-
hydration energy. On the other hand, smaller the size, AMU-2012
greater the hydration energy. Charge is considered first Ans. (d) : The polarizing power is directly proportional
for comparison. Hence, Mg2+ has higher hydration to the size of anion. First of all, we find act the order of
energy than Na+. size of the ions. More the negative charge, more the size
638. Among the elements B, Mg, Al and K the of anions Thus, size of anions follow the following
correct order of increasing metallic character is order:–
(a) B < Al < Mg < K (b) B < Mg < Al < K N 3− > O 2 − > F −
(c) Mg < B < Al < K (d) Mg < Al < B < K Thus, the order of polarizing power will be:-
(e) K< Mg < Al < B N 3− > O 2 − > F −
Kerala-CEE-2013 644. Which of the following orbitals has zero
Ans. (a) : In the periodic table, the metallic character of probability of finding the electron in the xy-
the elements increases as we move down the group and plane?
decreases across a period left to right. Hence, the (a) px (b) pz
increasing order of metallic character will be B (c) dyz (d) d x 2 − y2
< Al < Mg < K.
AMU-2012
639. Which of the following is most acidic?
(a) H2O (b) H2S Ans. (b) : In the p z orbitals the possibility of finding
(c) H2Se (d) H2Te electrons in the xy-plane will be zero.
UPTU/UPSEE-2013 645. Which of the following is least hydrolysed?
Ans. (d) : As we move down the group 16 elements, the (a) BeCl2 (b) MgCl2
acidity of hydrides increases down the group Thus, H2O (c) CaCl2 (d) BaCl2
has least acidic character where as H2Te has more MHT CET-2012
acidic character. Ans. (a) : In the alkaline earth metal chloride, BeCl2
640. Which one of the following cannot form an and MgCl2 get hydrolyzed due to their covalent nature.
amphoteric oxide? Other halides do not get hydrolyzed. Polarization power
(a) Al (b) Sn is inversely proportional to the solubility i.e. size of
(c) Sb (d) P cation is directly proportional to the solubility. Be2+ has
least size than Mg2+ due to which they having the least
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 2012
hydrolysis.
Ans. (d) : Metal oxides which react with both acids as
well as bases to produce salts and water is known as 646. Among the following, the maximum covalent
character is shown by the compound
amphoteric oxide. Phosphorus does not form the
amphoteric oxide. (a) FeCl2 (b) SnCl2
(c) AlCl3 (d) MgCl2
P (Phosphorous) being a non-metal always form acidic
oxide like P2O3, P5O10 etc. (AIEEE-2011)
Ans. (c) : According to the Fajan's rule, the
641. Among LiCl, RbCl, BeCl2 and MgCl2 polarization is directly proportional to the covalent
compounds with maximum and minimum ionic character of the compound and polarization is directly
character are respectively proportional to the charge on cation.
(a) LiCl; RbCl (b) RbCl; BeCl2 So, we can say that compounds having large charge on
(c) RbCl; MgCl2 (d) MgCl2; BeCl2 cation are more covalent.
SRMJEEE – 2012 +2 +2
Ans. (b) : Polarisation is inversely proportional to ionic FeCl2 Sn 2 Cl2

+3 +2
character.
Polarisation order : BeCl2 > MgCl2 > LiCl > RbCl AlCl3 Mg Cl2
so ionic character : RbCl > LiCl > MgCl2 > BeCl2 Thus, AICI3 has the more covalent character.
Maximum and minimum ionic character are RbCl and 647. Among the following the compound that is
BeCl2 respectively. readily soluble in water is
642. Which of the following sets contains oxides in (a) BeSO4 (b) CaSO4
the sequence of basic, amphoteric and acidic in (c) SrSO4 (d) BaSO4
nature respectively? J & K CET-(2011)
Ans. (a) : The solubility of alkaline earth metal Ans. (c): According to the Fajan's rule, the
sulphates decreases down the group because ionic size polarizability is directly proportional to the size of
increases. BeSO4 is readily soluble in water, because the anion. If the size of anion is larger then the
greater hydration enthalpy of Be2+ ion overcomes the polarizability is also will be more. Polarizability is also
lattice enthalpy Factor. observed by induced polar atom from another polar
648. Which of the following property does not atom. Hence, assertion is true but reason is not true.
correspond to the order HI < HBr < HCl < HF? 652. One would expect proton to have very large
(a) Thermal stability (b) Reducing power (a) ionisation potential (b) radius
(c) Ionic character (d) Dipole moment (c) charge (d) hydration energy
MHT CET-2011 BCECE-2010
Ans. (b) : • Thermal stability is inversely proportional Ans. (d) : Proton have very small size, so have large
to the polarization power. Hence, the given order is true. hydration energy. The degree of hydration depend, upon
• The reducing power of halogen halide increases in the the size of the cation. Smaller the size of a cation
following order i.e. HF < HCl < HBr < HI greater the hydration energy.
Hence, the given order is not true.
653. Which of the following is Lewis acid?
• The ionic character is inversely proportional to the
size of anion. Hence, the ionic character is true. (a) OH– (b) H+
–
• The dipode moment of hydrogen halide decreases (c) F (d) NH3
down the group because of decreasing of JIPMER-2010
electronegativity. Ans. (b): The electron deficient species with vacant
Hence, the given order is true. orbital is known by lewis acid. Here, H+ is the lewis
649. Which of the following represents correct acid whereas OH–, F and NH3 are lewis bases.
acidity order Li2O, BeO and B2O3? 654. The order of stability of metal xides is
(a) Li2O<BeO<B2O3 (b) B2O3<BeO<Li2O (a) Al2O3 < MgO < Fe2O3 < Cr2O3
(c) BeO<Li2O<B2O3 (d) BeO<B2O3<Li2O (b) Cr2O3 < MgO < Al2O3 < Fe2O3
UPTU/UPSEE-2011 (c) Fe2O3 < Cr2O3 < Al2O3 < MgO
Ans. (a) : The acidic character is directly proportional (d) Fe2O3 < Al2O3 < Cr2O3 < MgO
to the charge on cation and inversely proportional to the Karnataka-CET, 2009
size of cation. Ans. (c) : The stability of metal oxide is directly related
Li 2 O BeO B2 O3 to lattice energy and lattice energy depends on charge
Li → +1 Be → +2 B → +3 and size of ions. So, the order is–
B2O3 contains the more charge on cation and Li2O Fe2O3 < Cr2O3 < Al2O3 < MgO
contains less charge on cation. Hence, the correct order 655. Which of the following metal oxides is most
of acidic character will be– basic?
Li 2 O < BeO < B2 O3 . (a) ZnO (b) Al2O3
(c) As2O3 (d) K2O
650. In water or its acidic solution, proton can exist
+ J & K CET-(2008)
as H 3O + , H 9O 4+ ,  H ( H 2O )n  . This is due to Ans. (d) : The given species are:–
more polarizing power of. ZnO Al2O3 As2O3 K2O
(a) H (b) H +2 Zn→+2 Al→+3 As→+3 K→+1
(c) H +
(d) H2O O → –2 O → –2 O → –2 O → –2
S C R A 2010 (A) CHEMISTRY The charge of ion is inversely proportional to the
Ans. (c) : In water or its acidic solution, proton can basicity of the compound. Here, oxide, of potassium
exist (hydronium ion), this is because water containing bearing less charge on cation so that's why it has most
lone pair of e– on oxygen atom shared electron (co- basic character.
ordinate bond) with it, forming H3O+ ion. This is due to 656. The correct order of heat of formation of
more polarising power of H+ halogen acids is
651. Assertion: Molecules of larger size have higher (a) HI > HBr> HCI > HF
polarizability. (b) HF > HCl > HBr > HI
Reason: Polarizability is observed only in those (c) HCl > HF > HBr > HI
molecules which has permanent dipole (d) HCl > HBr > HF > HI
moment. UPTU/UPSEE-2008
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Ans. (b) : On moving from top to bottom of halogen
the Reason is the correct explanation of group the bond dissociation energy of hydrogen halides
Assertion
decreases and so the heat of formation of halogen acids
Reason is not the correct explanation of also decreases.
Assertion. 657. Among the following, which is water insoluble?
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect (a) Sodium fluoride (b) Potassium fluoride
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect (c) Beryllium fluoride (d) Magnesium fluoride
AIIMS-2010 AP EAMCET (Engg.) -2007
Ans. (d) : Fluorides of magnesium metals are ionic, Ans. (c) : Amphoteric oxides can be defined as oxides
have high melting points, and are insoluble in water. that can behave as an acid and a base to produce salt
• Sodium fluoride reacts with water forms hydrogen and water. SnO2 is an amphoteric oxide. Aluminum
fluoride and NaOH. oxide reacts with both acidic and basic substance to
658. Assertion (A): NaCl is less soluble in heavy water give neutralization reaction and it is called amphoteric
than in ordinary water. oxide. Zinc oxide is amphoteric because it reacts with
Reason (R): Dielectric constant of ordinary water both acids and bases to form salts.
is more than that of heavy water. 664. The covalent character of group 15 elements
The correct answer is decreases in the sequence
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the (a) Bi > Sb > As > P (b) P > As > Sb > Bi
correct explanation of (A). (c) Bi > As > Sb > P (d) As > Sb > Bi > P
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the AMU–2006
correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is not true. Ans. (b) : In group 15 elements, except nitrogen, the
(d) (A) is not true, but (R) is true. electronegativities of other elements are so low that they
AP EAMCET (Engg.) -2007 generally form covalent compounds even with highly
electropositive elements. The covalent character of the
Ans. (a) : NaCl is less soluble in heavy water than in
group 15 elements decreases as P > As > Sb > Bi.
ordinary water because dielectric constant of ordinary
water (i.e, 81) is more than that of heavy water (i.e 80). 665. Which among the following is strongest acid?
659. The most stable compound is (a) H(ClO)O2 (b) H(ClO)O3
(a) LiF (b) LiCl (c) H(ClO)O (d) H(ClO)
(c) LiBr (d) LiI JIPMER-2006
JCECE - 2007 Ans. (b) : The species which have more no. of oxygen
Ans. (a) : By Fajan's rule, smaller the size of cation, atom attached with chlorine atom, gets more acidic,
larger the size of anion then larger the polarizing power Here, H(ClO)O3 has more number of oxygen atom,
and stability of compound is more. thus, it has more acidic character.
660. The carbonate that will not decompose on 666. Least ionized salt is
heating is (a) KCl (b) AgCl
(a) Na2CO3 (b) CaCO3 (c) MgCl2 (d) CaCl2
(c) BaCO3 (d) SrCO3 UP CPMT-2005
(e) Li2CO3 Ans. (b) : Least ionised salt will be one which has
Kerala-CEE-2007 highest covalent character.
Ans. (a) : The carbonates of alkaline earth metal Q KCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2 are chlorides of members
decompose into CO2 and metal oxide when heated. All group 1 and group 2 of periodic table. So, they are
alkali metal carbonates (except Li2CO3) are highly ionic. AgCl is chloride of d-block elements. So, it is
stable and do not decompose on heating due to which least ionic and least ionised.
Na2CO3 will not decompose on heating.
667. Based on lattice energy and other
661. Which of the following is the most basic oxide? considerations which one of the following alkali
(a) SeO2 (b) Al2O3 metal chlorides is expected to have the highest
(c) Sb2O3 (d) Bi2O3 melting point?
NEET-2006 (a) RbCl (b) KCl
Ans. (d) : Basicity of oxide depends on the size of the (c) NaCl (d) LiCl
central atom. i.e. basicity is directly proportional to the (AIEEE 2005)
size of cation . In the given option , Bi has more atomic
size due to which they shows the more basic character. Ans. (c) : Melting point is directly proportional to
662. Which one is most ionic? lattice energy. It depends upon charge of ions and size
(a) P2O5 (b) MnO2 of ions.
(c) Mn2O7 (d) P2O3 Charge
JCECE - 2006 Melting point ∝ Lattice Energy ∝
size
Ans. (d) : According to Fajan's rule, compounds having
As we go down in the group, ionic character increases
largest charge on cation are more covalent or least
electrovalent. So, compounds having lowest charge on hence, melting point of halides should increase but
cation will be more electrovalent or ionic. NaCl has the highest meting point (800°C) due to its
+4 +7 high lattice energy.
MnO 2 Mn 2 O7 668. The following salt shows maximum covalent
+5 +3 character:
P2 O5 P2 O3 (a) AlCl3 (b) MgCl2
So, P2O3 will be most ionic. (c) CsCl (d) LaCl3
663. Amphoteric oxide are in: UPTU/UPSEE-2004
(a) ZnO, K2O, SO3 (b) ZnO, P2O5, Cl2O7 Ans. (a) : According to the Fajan's rule, the covalent
(c) SnO2, Al2O3, ZnO (d) PbO2, SnO2, SO3 character is directly proportional to the amount of cation
UPTU/UPSEE-2006 and inversaly proportional to the size of cation.
AlCl3 MgCl2 CsCl LaCl3 The strength of acids depend on bond lengths.
1
Al → +3 Mg → +2 Cs → +1La → +3 Acidity ∝
AlCl3 and LaCl3 has the equal amount of charge but Bond strength
Al3+ has less atomic size than La3+ due to which AlCl3 ∴ HF is least acidic because its bond strength (i.e. bond
has maximum covalent character. dissociation energy is highest. Hydrogen bonding is
669. Which of the following element is most another reason for least acidic strength of HF.
electropositive? 673. Which of the following is soluble in excess of
(a) Al (b) Mg NaOH?
(c) P (d) S (a) Fe(OH)3 (b) Al(OH)3
J & K CET-(2003) (c) Cr(OH)3 (d) Mn(OH)3
Ans. (b) : Atoms which tend to donate electrons are J & K CET-(1999)
called electropositive atom and the atom convert into a Ans. (b) : In the excess amount of NaOH, Al(OH)3 is
positive ion(M+) upon donating electrons. soluble. Thus, to separate Fe(OH)3 and Al(OH)3
The element Mg is most electropositive. aqueous NaOH solution is added Al(OH)3 will dissolve
The electronegativity of aluminium is 1.61 in the in it whereas Fe(OH)3 will remain insoluble. These two
Pauling scale. can be separated by filtration.
Hence, if electronegativity is large then electropositivity 674. Boron compounds behave as Lewis acids
is less. Hence, magnesium has higher electropositivity. because of their
Note:- Cesium(Cs) is the most electropositive of the (a) acidic nature
stable elements having atomic no. 55.
(b) covalent nature
670. Select the correct statement. (c) ionization property
(a) When a covalent bond is formed, transfer of (d) electron deficient nature
electrons takes place
J & K CET-(1999)
(b) Pure H2O does not contain any ion
(c) A bond is formed when attractive forces Ans. (d) : The lewis acids has the vacant orbital due to
overcome repulsive forces which they show electron deficient nature and attack at
(d) HF is less polar than HBr the point in which electron density is more.
(AIEEE-2002) 675. According to Fajan’s rule covalent bond is
Ans. (c) : The bond forms when attractive forces are favoured by:
more than repulsive forces. To get stability, more (a) small cation and large anion
attractive forces must be present in it. (b) small cation and small anion
671. Which of the following order is wrong? (c) large cation and large anion
(a) NH3 < PH3 < AsH3 – acidic (d) large cation and small anion
(b) Li < Be < B < C – 1st IP AP EAMCET (Medical) -1998
(c) Al2O3 < MgO < Na2O < K2O – basic Ans. (a): According to the Fajan’s rule, covalent bond
(d) Li+ < Na+ < K+ < Cs+ – ionic radius is favoured by small cation and large anion. Also large
NEET-2002 charge on cation and cation with pseudo noble gas
Ans. (b) : NH3, PH3 and AsH3 are basic due to the configuration will favor covalent bond.
presence of the lone pair of electrons on the central 676. Among the following oxides, the one which is
atom but as the size increase down the group the basic most basic is
character decrease. Therefore, the acidic strength will (a) ZnO (b) MgO
increases down the group as– (c) Al2O3 (d) N2O5
NH3 < PH3 < AsH3 NEET-1994
• Ionisation energy increases from left to right in a Ans. (b) : Generally metals form basic oxides
period due to the increases in effective nuclear charge especially alkaline and alkaline earth metals. Hence,
on the element. Be has high I.E than B due to its
Mgo is most basic among Al2O3, ZnO, N2O5.
completely filled 2s orbital that provides stability to the
element. ZnO and Al2O3 are amphoteric oxide, N2O5 is oxide of
Thus the order of IE1 is– non-metal, so it is acidic.
Li < B < Be < C 677. Among the following which compound will
672. Which one of the following is the weakest acid? show the highest lattice energy?
(a) HCl (b) HBr (a) KF (b) NaF
(c) HF (d) HI (c) CsF (d) RbF
UP CPMT-2001 NEET-1993
Ans. (c) : In gaseous state, HX are covalent and do not Ans. (b) : As we know that in alkali metal, the lattice
show acid character but in aqueous solution, they ionize energy decreases down the group as the size of cation
to give hydronium ion (H3O+) and act as acid. increases. Hence, the NaF has the highest lattice energy.
HX + H2O →H3O+ + X– 1
The relative strength of acids increases as follows: Lattice energy ∝
rA + rB
HF < HCl < HBr < HI

678. Which two sets of reactants best represents the Non- Polar molecules = BeF2, BF3 CCl4
amphoteric character of Zn(OH)2?
Set I Zn(OH)2(s) and OH– (aq)
Set II Zn(OH)2(s) and H2O (l)
Set III Zn(OH)2(s) and H+ (aq)
Set IV Zn(OH)2(s) and NH3 (aq)
(a) III and II (b) I and III
(c) IV and I (d) II and IV
VITEEE 2015
Ans. (b) : Zinc hydroxide is amphoteric in nature
It reacts with acid as well as base.
Zn ( OH )2 ( S ) + 2H + ( aq ) → ZnO ( aq ) + 2H 2 O ( l )
683. Arrange the following in the decreasing order
2−
Zn ( OH )2 ( S ) + 2OH ( aq ) →  Zn ( OH )4  ( aq ) + 2H
− + of their covalent character?
2– (a) LiCl (b) NaCl
The amphoteric character of [Zn(OH)4] is represented (c) KCl (d) CsCl
by I and III. Choose the most appropriate answer from the
679. Which of the following oxides is strongly basic? options given below:
(a) Tl2O (b) B2O3 (a) (A) > (C) > (B) > (D)
(c) Al2O3 (d) Ga2O3 (b) (B) > (A) > (C) > (D)
VITEEE 2014 (c) (A) > (B) > (C) > (D)
Ans. (a) : On moving down the group, the acidic (d) (A) > (B) > (D) > (C)
character decreases and the basic character increases so, JEE Main-29.06.2022, Shift-I
the Tl2O is strongly basic Ans. (c) : On moving down the group from top to
680. Lattice energy of an ionic compound depends bottom the covalent character decrease. Hence, the
upon decreasing order of covalent character is-
(a) Charge on the ion and size of the ion LiCl > NaCl > KCl > CsCl.
(b) Packing of ions only 684. The dipole-dipole interaction energy between
(c) Size of the ion only rotating polar molecules is proportional to____
(d) Charge on the ion only where 'r' is the distance between polar
AP EAMCET 2009 molecules.
Ans. (a) : Lattice energy of an ionic compound 1 1
depends upon charge on the ion and size of the ion i.e. (a) 4 (b) 9
r r
Charge 1 1
Lattice Energy ∝ (c) 3 (d) 2
Size of ion r r
681. Among the following, the molecule expected to be 1
(e) 6
stabilised by anion formation is C2, O2, NO, F2. r
(a) C2 (b) F2 Kerala CEE -03.07.2022
(c) NO (d) O2 Ans. (e) : Dipole – dipole interactions result when two
JEE Main 2019 dipolar molecules interact with each other through
Ans. (a) : In case of only C2, incoming electron will space.
enter in the bonding moleculer orbital which increases dipole – dipole interaction energy between rotating
the bond order and stability too. Whereas rest of all 1
polar molecules ∝ 6
takes electrons in their antibonding molecular orbital r
which decreases bond order and stability. dipole – dipole interaction energy between stationary
1
polar molecules ∝ 3
6. Dipole Moment r
So, the correct option is (e)
682. Amongst BeF2, BF3, H2O, NH3, CCl4 and HCl, 685. Dipole moment of HCl = 1.03 D, HI = 1.6 A °.
the number of molecules with non-zero net The ratio of fraction of electric charge δ,
dipole moment is––– existing on each atom in HCl and HI is
JEE Main-25.06.2022, Shift-II (a) 12: 1 (b) 2.7: 1
Ans. (3) : Polar Molecules - H2O, NH3, HCl (c) 3.3: 1 (d) 1: 3.3
AP EAMCET (Engg.)-2009
VITEEE- 2009
Ans. (c): Dipole moment of HCl = 1.03D
Bond length of HCl = 1.3 Ǻ
Dipole moment of HI = 0.38 Ǻ
Bond length of HI = 1.6 Ǻ

Dipole moment (µ) = Electric charge (δ) × Bond length (l) Ans. (c) : CO2, BF3 and trans-2-butene molecules
Dipole moment having net dipole moment zero. Only SO2 molecule
Electric charge (δ)= possessing some net dipole moment so SO2 molecule
Bond length having highest dipole moment.
δHCl µ HCl lHI
= ×
δ HI lHCl µ HI
δHCl 1.03 1.6 3.33 µ
= × =
δ HI 0.38 1.3 1 690. The most polar bond is
δHCl : δHI = 3.3 : 1 (a) O–F (b) N–Cl
686. The dipole moment of HBr is 2.60×10–30cm and (c) N–F (d) N–N
the interatomic spacing is 1.41Å. What is the UP CPMT-2002
percent ionic character of HBr? NEET-1992
(a) 50% (b) 11.5% Ans. (c) : Polarity of bond depend on the difference
(c) 4.01% (d) 1.19% between the electronegativity of two bonded atom.
BCECE-2015, 2013
Electro negativity difference increases, polarity also
Ans. (b) : Given that, µobs. = 2.60 × 10–30 cm increases.
d = 1.41Å = 1.41 × 10–10 m O – F = 3.5 – 4.0 = –0.5
q = 1.6 × 10–19 C N – Cl = 3.0 – 3.0 = 0
∴ µcal = q × d N–N=0
= 1.6 × 10–19 × 1.41 × 10–10 N – F = 3 – 4 = –1
= 2.256 × 10–29 cm So, N–F bond will be more polar.
µ 691. Which of the following is a polar molecule?
% Ionic Character = obs × 100 (a) SiF4 (b) XeF4
µcal.
(c) BF3 (d) SF4
2.60 × 10−30 NEET-2013, 2005
= × 100 = 11.5%
2.25 ×10−29 Ans. (d) : SF4 molecules having some resultant dipole
687. Which of the following molecules will exhibit moment due to their distorted geometry. Therefore SF4
zero dipole moment? is polar molecule. But in SiF4, XeF4 and BF3 molecule
(a) CH2Cl2 (b) ClO2 net dipole moment is zero. So, it is non-polar molecules.
(c) NH3 (d) BF3
J & K CET-(2014)
AMU-2008
Ans. (d) :
692. The dipole moment of HBr is 1.6 × 10–30 cm and

inter atomic spacing is 1 Å. The % ionic
character of HBr is
(a) 7 (b) 10
µ=0 µ=1.47D µ≠0 µ≠0 (c) 25 (d) 27
BF3 NH3 cis-C2H2Cl2 ClO2 UPTU/UPSEE-2013
688. If a molecule MX3 has zero dipole moment, the JCECE-2008
sigma bonding orbital used by M (At. no. 13) Ans. (b) : µobs = 1.6 × 10–30 cm
are Bond length (d) = 1 Å = 1 × 10–10m
(a) pure p (b) sp- hybridised Charge (q) = 1.6 × 10–19 C
(c) sp2-hybridised (d) sp3- bybridised µcal. = q × d = 1.6 × 10–19 × 1 × 10–10 cm
CG PET-2005 = 1.6 × 10–29 cm
J & K CET-(1999)
µ
Ans. (c) : MX3 molecule has zero dipole moment when % Ionic character = obs × 100
M is sp2 hybridesed, the molecule has trigonal planar µcal
geometry and has zero dipole moment as the bond
1.6 × 10−30
dipoles cancel. = × 100
1.6 × 10−29
= 10 %
693. A covalent molecule X - Y is found to have a
689. Among the following the molecule possessing dipole moment of 1.5 × 10-29 C.m and a bond
highest dipole moment is length of 150 pm. the percent ionic character of
(a) CO2 (b) BF3 the bond will be_______
(c) SO2 (d) Trans-2-butene (a) 50% (b) 62.5%
JIPMER-2014 (c) 75% (d) 80%
J & K CET-2009 AP EAPCET 20.08.2021 Shift-II
Ans. (b): Given that Ans. (a) : CS2 and C2H6 has zero dipole moment and
µobs = 1.5×10–29 C.m NH3 is 1.06D and NCl3 is 0.6D In NCl3 three lone pair
d = 150 × 10–12 m on chlorine atom will reduce.
q = 1.6 × 10–9c 697. Which of the following will have maximum
∴ µcal. = q × d dipole moment?
= 1.6 × 10–9 × 150 × 10–12 (a) NF3 (b) NCl3
= 1.6 × 10–9 × 10–29 (c) NBr3 (d) NH3
= 2.4 × 10–29 c.m AP-EAPCET-19.08.2021, Shift-I
µ Ans. (b) :
% Ionic character = obs. × 100
µ cal.
1 ⋅ 5 × 10−29
= × 100
2.4 × 10−29
1 ⋅ 5 × 100
=
2.4
= 62.5%
694. Match the following
Have less dipole moment because the resultant in opposite
List-I List-II
direction. But in the case of NBr3 and NH3 molecule, NH3
Molecule Dipole moment (D)
have more dipole moment as compare to the NBr3 because
(A) HBr (I) 1.04
the N–Br bond are less polar as in the N–H bond. So the
(B) H2S (II) 0
NH3 molecule have more dipole moment.
(C) NH3 (III) 0.79
(D) CHCl3 (IV) 0.95 698. The compound with maximum vapour
(V) 1.47 pressure at a given temperature is
The correct match is
A B C D A B C D
(a) (b)
I V IV III III IV V I
A B C D A B C D
(c) (d)
I V II IV IV V I III
Ans. (b) :
Molecule Dipole moment (D)
HBr 0.79
H 2S 0.95
NH3 1.47 TS-EAMCET-09.08.2021, Shift-I
CHCl3 1.04 Ans. (d) :
695. Which compound among the following will CH3– C H2– CH2– CH2– OH
have a permanent dipole moment?
OH
Hydrogen bond present
(a) (i) only (b) (ii) only

(c) (iii) only (d) (iv) only
AP-EAPCET-20.08.2021,Shift-I O
Ans. (a) : CH3 C
OH
CH3– CH2– O – CH2– CH3 Hydrogen bond absent
It has permanent dipole moment due to two chlorine Due to absence of hydrogen bond (Ethoxy ethane)
atom has attached to the carbon position. CH3–CH2–O–CH2–CH3 gives maximum vapour
696. Which of the following molecule has the pressure at a given temperature.
maximum dipole moment? 699. The dipole-dipole interaction energy stationary
(a) NH3 (b) CS2 polar molecules and rotating polar molecules,
(c) C2H6 (d) NCl3 respectively is proportional to r is the distance
AP-EAPCET-20.08.2021,Shift-I between the polar molecules
1 1 1 703. Which of the following set of molecules will
(a) r 3 , (b) , have zero dipole moment?
r2 r3 r6
1 1 1 (a) Ammonia beryllium difluoride, water, 1, 4-
(c) 2 , r 2 (d) 2 , 4 dischlorobenzene
r r r (b) Boom trifluoride, hydrogen fluoride carbon
TS EAMCET 05.08.2021, Shift-I dioxide, 1, 3-dichlorobenzene
Ans. (b) : Dipole-dipole interaction energy between (c) Nitrogen trifluoride, beryllium difluoride,
polar molecules in solids depends on the distance water, 1, 3-dichlorobenzene
between them as per following relation. (d) Boron trifluoride, beryllium difluoride,
1 carbon dioxide, 1, 4-dichlorobenzene
Dipole-dipole interaction energy ∝ 3
r NEET-2020
1 Ans. (d) : Boron trifluoride (BF3), Beryllium difluoride
and that between rotating polar molecules ∝ 6 . (BeF2), carbon dioxide (CO2), 1, 4-dichlorobenzene
r
Where r is the distance between polar molecules. molecules having symmetric geometry Therefore, its
700. One Debye is equal to how many coulomb resultant dipole moment is zero,
meter?
(a) 3.33 × 10–30 (b) 2.22 × 10–20
–10
(c) 1.11 × 10 (d) 4.44 × 10–24
Ans. (a) : Debye was defined as the dipole moment
resulting from two charges of opposite sign but an equal
magnitude. 704. Assertion: 1- Butene has less dipole moment than
1 debye = 3.33 × 10–30 Coulomb meter. 1-butyne.
1 debye = 10-18 esu-cm. Reason: 1-Butyne has more s-character.
701. Which compound among the following has the
Reason is the correct explanation of
highest dipole moment?
Assertion.
(a) NH3 (b) SO2
(c) N2O (d) CO2
Reason is not the correct explanation of
AP-EAPCET-19.08.2021, Shift-II Assertion.
Ans. (b) : (c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
incorrect.
Two oxygen are more electronegative than a single Ans. (a):
nitrogen and also S–O bond is longer than N–H bond,
through the dipole moment of S–O is more than N–H
despite the lone pair on S.
702. The dipole moments of CCl4, CHCl3 and CH4
are in the order 1-butyne has sp hybridized and more electronegative
(a) CCl4 < CH4 < CHCl3 than double bonded carbon (sp2) in 1-butene. So, 1-
(b) CH4 < CCl4 < CHCl3 butyne has 50% s-character which is greater than 1-
(c) CH4 = CCl4 < CHCl3 butene having 33% s-character. Therefore, 1-butyne has
(d) CHCl3 < CH4 = CCl4 more dipole moment than 1-butene because 1-butyne
(JEE Main 2020, 7 Jan. Shift-I) has more % s-character.
Ans. (c) : All the three compounds possess a 705. The dipole moment of which of the following
tetrahedral geometry. But in case of CC14 and CH4, molecule is greater than zero?
identical atoms are present around carbon. Therefore, (a) CCl4 (b) BF3
CC14 and CH4 having zero dipole moment. (c) CO2 (d) NH3
Assam CEE-2018
Ans. (d) : In NH3, the net dipole moment is non zero
because of Pyramidal shape.
Option (a), (b) & (c) is having not dipole moment zero.
706. Among the following the molecule with the
In case of CHCl3 different atoms are present around highest dipole moment is–
carbon and the sum of dipole moment is greater than (a) CH3Cl (b) CH2Cl2
zero. So, the correct order is (c) CHCl3 (d) CCl4
CH4 = CCl4 < CHCl3 BCECE-2018
Ans. (a) : CH3Cl molecule has highest dipole moment Ans. (c) : Molecules with regular geometry having zero
because the resultant in same direction. dipole moment therefore, CH4 molecule has regular
tetrahedral geometry and having zero net dipole
moment.
But in case of CH2Cl2, NH3 and PH3 molecules their
geometries are distorted therefore, it have same dipole
moment.
711. Which of the following compounds has zero
dipole moment?
(a) 1, 4-dichlorobenzene
(b) 1, 2-dichlorobenzene
(c) 1, 3-dichlorobenzene
(d) 1-chloro-2-methyl benzene
AP-EAMCET (Engg.) 2015
Ans. (a) : Dipole moment is defined as the measure of
polarity of a chemical bond between two atoms in a
molecules i.e. separation of two opposite electrical
charges.
707. In terms of polar character which one of the

following orders is correct?
(a) H2S < NH3 < H2O < HF
(b) H2O < NH3 < H2S < HF
(c) HF < H2O < NH3 < H2S
(d) NH3 < H2O < HF < H2S
UPTU/UPSEE-2017
Ans. (a) : As we know that more be the electro
negativity difference, more be the polar character, thus 712. Pick up the incorrect statement.
correct order is– H 2S < NH 3 < H 2 O < HF (a) Dipole moment of ammonia is due to orbital
708. Among the following, the molecule that will dipole and resultant dipole in orbital dipole
have the highest dipole moment is and resultant dipole in the same direction.
(a) H2 (b) Hl (b) In BF3 bond dipoles are higher but dipole
(c) HBr (d) HCl moment is zero.
(c) Dipole moment is a vector quantity.
(e) HF
(d) O2, H2 show bond dipole due to polarisation.
Kerala-CEE-2017
COMEDK-2014
Ans. (e) : Dipole moment is a measure of bond polarity
Ans. (d) : O2, H2 do not show bond dipole as they are
which is turn affected by the electronegativity of atoms
homoatomic molecules hence, are non-polar.
in the chemical bond. Greater the electronegativity of
atom higher will be the dipole moment. 713. Which of the following molecules has the
maximum dipole moment?
H – F molecule having highest dipole moment due to
(a) CO2 (b) CH4
high bond polarity in H – F bond.
(c) NH3 (d) NF3
709. Dipole-dipole interaction energy between polar NEET-2014
molecules in solids depends on the radius of the
Ans. (c) : CO2 and CH4 molecules have zero net dipole
molecule (r) and it is directly proportional to
moment. NH3 and NF3 have some net dipole moment.
(a) (1/r2) (b) (1/r6) But in case of NF3 molecule having less dipole moment
(c) (1/r) (d) (1/r5) because the resultant in opposite direction, while NH3
(e) (1/r3) have more dipole moment because the resultant in same
Kerala-CEE-2016 direction. So, NH3 molecule has maximum dipole
Ans. (e) : Dipole - dipole interaction energy between moment.
polar molecules in solid is directly proportional to 1/r3
710. Which of the following compounds has zero
dipole moment?
(a) CH2Cl2 (b) NH3
(c) CH4 (d) PH3
Manipal-2016
714. The compound that will have a permanent 717. Which bond would be expected to have the
dipole moment among the following is positive end of the bond dipole on the nitrogen
atom ?
(a) N–H (b) C–N
(c) Al–N (d) N–O
SCRA-2012
Ans. (d) : The given species are N–H, C–N, Al–N, and
N–O are–
δ − ← + δ + δ + + → δ − δ + + → δ − δ + + → δ−
(a) I (b) II N – H C− N Al − N N− O
(c) III (d) IV In the N–O species, the polarity of bond towards the
WB-JEE-2014 oxygen atom and the nitrogen get positive charge.
Ans. (a) : Compounds with asymmetry geometries 718. which one of the following molecules has zero
having some resultant dipole moment. Therefore, CH2 dipole moment?
Cl2 molecule possess some permanent dipole moment. (a) NO +2 (b) H2O
(c) NH3 (d) CO
CG PET- 2011
Ans. (a) : NO +2 molecule having zero dipole moment
because it have symmetric geometry.
715. Which of the following will have maximum

dipole moment?
(a) NF3 (b) NH3
(c) CH4 (d) PCl3
J & K CET-2013
Ans. (b) : NH3 molecule will have maximum dipole
moment because in case of NH3, H is less
electronegative than N and hence dipole moment of
each N–H bond is towards N and create high net dipole 719. Among the following which one is a linear
moment. But in NF3 and PCl3 molecule resultant dipole molecule having zero dipole moment?
moment opposes. So both molecule having less dipole (a) H2O (b) HCl
moment. (c) CO2 (d) H2S
716. The dipole moment of diatomic molecules AB J & K CET-2011
and CD are 10.41 and 10.27 Debye respectively Ans. (c) : CO2 is a linear molecule having zero dipole
while there bond distances are 2.82Å and 2.67Å moment. CO2 is sp - hybridesed so, it has linear
respectively then geometry. Net resultant dipole moment is zero because
(a) bonding is nearly covalent in both the CO2 is symmetric molecule.
molecules
(b) bonding is 100% ionic in both the molecules
(c) AB has more ionic character than CD
(d) AB has lesser ionic bond character than CD 720. H2O is dipolar whereas, BeF2 is not. It is
UP CPMT-2013 because
Ans. (d) : Dipole moment (µ) = q × d (a) The electronegativity of F is greater than that of O
µ (b) H2O involves hydrogen bonding whereas
or q= BeF2 is a discrete molecule
d (c) H2O is linear and BeF2 is angular
µ (d) H2O is angular and BeF2 is linear
∴Magnitude of charge on AB (qAB) = AB
d AB UP CPMT-2011
10.41 Ans. (d) : The structure of H2O is angular of V-shape as
= = 3.69esu it is sp3-hybridised with bond angle 105o. Its dipole
2.82
moment is positive or more than zero. But in BeF2
µ structure is linear due to sp-hybridisation (µ = 0).
and magnitude of charge on CD (qCD) = CD
d CD Hence, due to µ > 0, H2O is dipolar and due to µ = 0,
10.21 BeF2 is non-polar.
= = 3.84esu
2.67
As magnitude of charge is more on CD molecule than
that of AB molecule, thus it has more ionic than AB.

721. Consider(i) CO2, (ii) CCl4, (iii) C6Cl6 and (iv) 725. Identify the molecule that has Zero dipole
CO and tell which of the following statements is moment.
correct? (a) CH3Cl (b) CHCl3
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii) only have zero dipole moment (c) CH2Cl2 (d) CCl4
(b) (i), (ii) and (iv) only have zero dipole moment J & K CET-2010
(c) only (iv) has zero dipole moment Ans. (d) : CCl4 molecule has zero dipole moment due
(d) All have zero dipole moment to the symmetric geometry i.e., all chlorine atoms
UPTU/UPSEE-2011 around carbon are identical.
Ans. (a) : CO2, CCl4 and C6 Cl6 molecules have regular
geometry. Therefore, these molecule have zero dipole
moment.
But in case of CO molecule, oxygen is more
electronegative than carbon due to this bond polarity
generate in C – O bond and CO molecule having non-
zero dipole moment. 726. The molecule which has zero dipole moment is
(a) CH3Cl (b) NF3
(c) BF3 (d) ClO2
JCECE-2010
Ans. (c) : The molecules having distorted geometry
have dipole moment and those having regular geometry
have zero dipole moment.
Q NH3, CH3Cl and ClO2 have distorted geometry.
722. Consider the following compounds:
∴ They have dipole moment.
1. CHCl3
2. CH3Cl Q BF3 has regular triangular planar geometry.
3. NH3 The dipole moment of BF3 is zero.
What is the correct order of the dipole moment 727. The bond length of HCl bond is 2.29×10–10m.
of the above compounds? The percentage ionic character of HCl, if
(a) 1 > 3 > 2 (b) 2 > 1 > 3 measured dipole moment is 6.226×10–30C-m, is
(c) 2 > 3 > 1 (d) 3 > 2 > 1 (a) 8% (b) 20%
SCRA-2010 (c) 17% (d) 50%
Ans. (d) : In CHCl3, CH3Cl and NH3, has higher dipole JIPMER-2010
moment because all the vectors are added up to give Ans. (c): Given that, µobs = 6.226 × 10–30 C-m
large dipole moment. In case of CHCl3 and CH3Cl has Bond length (d) = 2.29 × 10–10 m
higher dipole moment. So, order will be Electric charge (q) = 1.6 × 10–19 C
NH3> CH3Cl > CHCl3 ∴ µcal. = q ×d
723. Which one of the following molecules has zero = 1.6 ×10–19 × 2.29 ×10–10 C-m
dipole moment? = 3.664 × 10–29 C-m
(a) NO +2 (b) H2O µ
% Ionic character = obs × 100
(c) NH3 (d) CO µ cal
SCRA-2010
6.226 × 10−30
Ans. (a) : All the three molecules CO , H2O and NH3 = × 100
have dipole moment due to individual bond dipoles 3.664 ×10−29
= 16.99% ≈ 17%
doesn’t cancel each other. But in the case of NO +2 as
728. A netural molecule XF3 has a zero dipole
the individual bond dipole cancel each other which moment. The element X is most likely
results in zero net dipole moment.
(a) chlorine (b) boron
724. Which of the following molecule has highest (c) nitrogen (d) carbon
dipole moment? (e) bromine
(a) B2H6 (b) NF3 Kerala-CEE-2010
(c) NH3 (d) BF3
Ans. (b) : The element X is most likely be Boron in
AIIMS-2010 XF3 neutral molecule. The molecule BF3 has regular
Ans. (c): In case of BF3 and B2H6 molecule have zero triangular planar geometry therefore, its dipole moment
dipole moment due to their symmetric geometry. NF3 is zero.
molecule has less dipole moment than NH3 because the 729. Which of the following has zero dipole
resultant in opposite direction. moment?
(a) 1, 1-dichloromethane
(b) cis-1, 2-dichloroethene
(c) trans-1, 2-dichloroethene
(d) 1-chloroethane
[BITSAT- 2009]
So, NH3 has highest dipole moment.
Ans. (c) : Trans - 1, 2 - dichloro ethene has zero dipole Ans. (d) : The given species are the NH3, H2O and CO2
moment because the resultant dipole moment opposes
each other.
730. If H–X bond length is 2.00 Å and H–X bond

has dipole moment 5.12×10–30 C-m, the
percentage of ionic character in the molecule
will be As we know that oxygen has more electronegative
(a) 10% (b) 16% power than nitrogen due to which more polarity present
(c) 18% (d) 20% in O-H bond. Oxygen has two lone pair of oxygen is
CG PET-2009
also increase the overall polarity. Thus H2O has more
Ans. (b) : Given that, Dipole moment =5.12×10–30 cmdipole moment than NH3.
Bond length ( l ) = 2.00 Å = 2 × 10–10 m 733. Which one of the following is a non polar
Change (q) = 1.6 × 10–19 C molecule?
µcal. = q × l = 1.6 × 10–19×2×10–10 C-m (a) CCl4 (b) CHCl3
= 3.2 ×10–29 C-m (c) CH2Cl2 (d) CH3Cl
µ J & K CET-2008
% Ionic character = obs × 100
µcal Ans. (a) : CCl4 is a non-polar molecule because net
dipole moment is zero. This is due to the symmetric
5.12 × 10−30
= × 100 geometry of CCl4 molecule.
3.2 ×10−29 734. In which of the following pairs, both molecules
= 16% possess dipole moment?
(a) CO2, SO2 (b) BCl3, PCl3
731. Which of the following will have large dipole (c) H2O, SO2 (d) CO2, CS2
moment? UP CPMT-2008
Ans. (c): H2O and SO2 both possess dipole moment due
to bent structure.
(a) (b)
735. The molecule having zero dipole moment is

(c) (d) (a) CH2CI2 (b) BF3
(c) NF3 (d) CIF3
UPTU/UPSEE-2008
UPTU/UPSEE-2009 Ans. (b) : Molecules having distorted geometry have
Ans. (d) : dipole moment and those having regular geometry have
zero dipole moment.
NF3, CH2Cl2 and ClF3 have distorted geometry So, they
have dipole moment.
But BF3 has regular triangular planar geometry.
Therefore, it having zero dipole moment.
is unsymmetric molecule. usually unsymmetrical 736. In which of the following pairs, both molecules
molecules have higher dipole moment than symmetrical possess dipole moment ?
molecules. Therefore,
(a) CO2, SO2 (b) BCl3, PCl3
(c) H2O, SO2 (d) CO2, CS2
AP-EAMCET (Medical) - 2007
Ans. (c) : The species are given as : CO2, SO2, BCl3,
PCl3, H2O
molecule have large dipole moment.
732. The correct order of dipole moment for NH3,
H2O and CO2 molecules is
(a) NH3 > H2O > CO2 (b) CO2 > NH3 > H2O
(c) H2O > CO2 > NH3 (d) H2O > NH3 > CO2 Hence, the pair of SO2 and H2O having the dipole
AP-EAMCET (Medical), 2008 moment.
737. Which of the following hydrocarbons has the 741. The molecule which does not exhibit dipole
lowest dipole moment? moment is:
(a) NH3 (b) CHCI3
H3C CH3
(c) H2O (d) CCI4
(a) C UPTU/UPSEE-2006
Ans. (d) : CCl4 molecule does not exhibit dipole
H H moment due to symmetric tetrahedral geometry. While
(b) CH 3C ≡ CCH 3 NH3, CHCl3 and H2O molecules have distorted
(c) CH 3CH 2 C ≡ CH geometry therefore they possess some dipole moment.
742. Assertion (A) : The spin only magnetic moment
(d) CH 2 = CH − C ≡ CH
of Sc3+ is 1.73 BM.
BITSAT-2007 Reason (R) : The spin only magnetic moment (in
Ans. (b) : H 3C − C ≡ C − CH 3 symmetrical and linear.
BM) of an ion is equal to n(n + 2), where n is
Hence, dipole moment = 0.
the number of unpaired electrons present in the
738. Which of the following has zero dipole
moment? ion.
(a) ClF (b) PCl3 The correct answer is:
(c) SiF4 (d) CFCl3 (a) both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
CG PET-2006 correct explanation of (A)
Ans. (c) : : SiF4 molecule has zero dipole moment due (b) both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the
to its regular tetrahedral geometry and symmetric So, correct explanation of
dipole moment get cancelled. (c) (A) is true but (R) is not true
(d) (A) is not true but (R) is true
Ans. (d) : The given metal is Sc3+.
Electronic configuration of Sc = [Ar], 3d1, 4s2
For Sc3+ = [Ar], 3d° , 4s°
739. Zero dipole moment is possessed by Number of unpaired electron = 0
(a) PCl3 (b) BF3 ∴ µs = n(n + 2)
(c) ClF3 (d) NH3
J & K CET-2006 µs = 0(0 + 2)
Ans. (b) : BF3 molecule has zero dipole moment µs = 0
because in BF3 resultant dipole moment opposes and
cancelled out. The formula for spin only magnetic moment is
n(n + 2), where n is the number of unpaired electron.
743. Which of the following molecules has zero
dipole moment?
(a) BeCl2 (b) HCl
740. Consider the following halogen containing (c) NH3 (d) H2O
compounds: AP-EAMCET (Engg.)-2005
(A) CHCl3 (B) CCl4 Ans. (a) : The species are given as : BeCl2, HCl, NH3
(C) CH2Cl2 (D) CH3Cl and H2O.
(E)
The compounds with a net zero dipole moment
are:
(a) B and E only (b) C only
(c) C and D only (d) A and D only
(e) A and D only
Kerala-CEE-2006 Hence, BeCl2 has zero dipole moment.
Ans. (a) : CCl4 and 1, 4 dichlorobenzene 744. If the molecule of HCl were totally polar, the
expected value of dipole moment is 6.12D (debye),
but the experimental value of dipole moment was
1.03D. Calculate the percentage ionic character:
have symmetrical geometry so, its net dipole (a) 17 (b) 83
moment is zero. But is case of CHCl3, CH3Cl and (c) 50 (d) zero
CH2Cl2 molecule having non-zero dipole moment due (d) 90
to their distorted geometry. Kerala-CEE-2005
µ experimental Ans. (b) : 2, 2 - dimethylpropane, trans-3-hexene and 2,
Ans. (a) : % Ionic character = × 100 2,3,3 - tetramethylbutane molecules having zero dipole
µ expected moment because of their symmetric geometry but trans
1.03 - 2 - pentene is non symmetric geometry and having
% Ionic character = × 100 some net dipole moment.
6.12
= 16.83% ≈ 17%
745. H2O is dipolar, whereas BeF2 is not. It is
because
(a) the electronegativity of F is greater than that 749. In which of the following, the dipole moment is
of O zero?
(b) H2O involves hydrogen bonding whereas (a) H2O2 (b) CO2
BeF2 is a discrete molecule (c) SO2 (d) NH3
(c) H2O is linear and BeF2 is angular JCECE-2003
(d) H2O is angular and BeF2 is linear Ans. (b): CO2 molecule has zero dipole moment
NEET-2004 because both oxygen atom symmetrically present
Ans. (d) : around carbon atom and form linear geometry.
But in case of H2O2, SO2 and NH3 molecule have some

dipole moment.
H2O has angular shape therefore its resultant dipole
moment is greater than zero. H2O is dipolar molecule, but 750. The molecule having largest dipole moment
BeF2 molecule has linear shape therefore, its resultant among the following is
dipole moment zero. So BeF2 is non-polar molecule. (a) CHI3 (b) CH4
746. Which of the following are arranged in the (c) CHCl3 (d) CCl4
decreasing order of dipole moment? UP CPMT-2003
(a) CH3C1,CH3Br,CH3F Ans. (c) : Dipole moment is a vector quantity.
(b) CH3C1,CH3F,CH3Br Dipole moment = charge on any one atom × bond
(c) CH3Br,CH3C1,CH3F length
(d) CH3 Br, CH3F,CH3C1 Q The compounds having regular geometry and having
AIIMS-2003 bonds of same type have zero dipole moment.
Ans. (b): : Dipole moment = Charge × Bond length ∴ CH4 and CCl4 have zero dipole moment
C−F C−Cl C− Br
 →
On moving left to right bond length increases while
charge density decreases. Therefore, decreasing order of
dipole moment.
CH 3Cl > CH3F > CH3Br
747. Which one of the following pairs of molecules Between CHI3 and CHCl3, CHCl3 will have larger
will have permanent dipole moments for both dipole moment because the electro negativity difference
members? between carbon and chlorine is more as compared to
(a) SiF4 and NO2 (b) NO2 and CO2 between carbon and iodine
(c) NO2 and O3 (d) SiF4 and CO2 ∴CHCl3 will have highest dipole moment.
AIEEE-2003 751. Which of the following has the highest dipole
Ans. (c) : NO2 and O3 molecule will have permanent moment?
dipole moment because both the molecule having some
resultant non-zero dipole moment.
748. The only molecule having dipole moment is

(a) 2,2-dimethylpropane
(b) trans-2-pentene
(c) trans-3-hexene
(d) 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane
J & K CET-2003 AIIMS-2002
Ans. (a): (a) NH3 > BF3 < NF3 < H2O
(b) BF3 < NF3 < NH3 < H2O
(c) BF3 > NH3 < NF3 < H2O
(d) H2O > NF3 < NH3 < BF3
NEET-Odisha-2019
Ans. (b) : The given species are NH3, NF3, H2O,
In molecule, oxygen has more electronegative

As we know that oxygen has more electronegativity
and therefore molecule having highest dipole moment. than nitrogen due to which more polarity present in O –
H bond. Oxygen has two lone pair also increase the
752. CHCl3 is a polar solvent while CCl4 is a non- overall polarity. Thus H2O has more polar than NH3 and
polar solvent because CCl4 has NF3 molecules.
(a) linear structure In case of NH3 and NF3 molecules, NH3 has more polar
(b) symmetrical structure than NF3 because in NH3 resultant dipole moment in
(c) unsymmetrical structure same direction BF3 has regular triangular planar
(d) square planar structure. geometry. So, it has zero dipole moment. Then the
J & K CET-(2019) correct orders of dipole moment is :-
Ans. (b) : CCl4 is a non-polar solvent because CCl4 has BF3 < NF3 < NH3 < H2O
symmetrical structure, i.e., all chlorine atoms around 756. Which have correct order of dipole moment:
carbon atoms are identical. But in CHCl3 molecules (a) SO 2 > H 2O (b) NF3 > NH 3
atoms around the carbon atom is non - identical. So,
CHCl3 is a polar solvent. (c) BF3 < NH 3 (d) SO 2 < SO3
AIIMS-27.05.2018 (M)
Ans. (c):
In case of BF3 atoms around the 'B' atom are similar so

753. Dipole-dipole interaction energy between BF3 molecule has zero dipole moment but in NH3
stationary polar molecule separated by a molecule, atoms around 'N' atom is non-identical and
distance 'r' is proportional to has highest dipole moment than BF3.
(a) 1/r (b) 1/r2 757. Which bond is most polar?
(c) 1/r3 (d) 1/r6 (a) F––F (b) I––F
Assam CEE-2019 (c) Cl––F (d) Br––F
Ans. (c) : Dipole-dipole interaction energy between AMU-2002
polar molecules in solids depends on the distance Ans. (b) : I–F has more polar bond due to the more
1 electro negativity difference between them.
between them as per following = 3
r 2.5 4.0
(r= radius on the molecule under consideration) I __ F
754. Which of the following possess net dipole ∆XI–F = 1.5
moment?
(a) SO2 (b) BF3 758. The molecule having zero dipole moment is :
(c) BeCl2 (d) CO2 (a) CHCl3 (b) H2O
Karnataka-CET-2019 (c) CCl4 (d) HCl
Ans. (a) : Molecules having regular geometry have zero AP-EAMCET-1999
dipole moment and those having distorted geometry Ans. (c): Symmetric molecules having with similar
having dipole moment. electronegative are non polar i.e. have zero dipole
BF3, BeCl2 and CO2 have regular geometry therefore moment whereas, CHCl3, H2O and HCl are polar
having zero dipole moment. molecule.
But SO2 has distorted geometry therefore it possess net
dipole moment.
755. Which of the following is the correct order of
dipole moment?
759. Which of the following molecules has the 763. Strongest hydrogen bond is shown by
highest dipole moment? (a) water (b) ammonia
(a) CO2 (b) NF3 (c) hydrogen fluoride (d) hydrogen sulphide
(c) BCl3 (d) CCl4 NEET-1992, 1990
AP-EAMCET-1995 Ans. (c) : Strength of hydrogen bonding is depends on
Ans. (b): In CO2, BCl3, CCl4 all the molecule have zero the electronegativity of atom. Higher the electro
dipole moment due to their symmetric geometry but negativity , stronger the hydrogen bonding.
NF3 is non symmetric geometry and highest dipole Since, fluorine is more electronegative atom and it
moment. forms stronger hydrogen bond.
764. The high boiling point of water is due to which
reason?
7. Hydrogen Bonding (a) Coordinate bonding
(b) Covalent bond
760. How many hydrogen bonded water molecules (c) Electrostatic force of attraction
are present in CuSO 4 ⋅ 5H 2O ? (d) Hydrogen bonding
(a) 5 (b) 4 UP CPMT-2003, AIIMS-1996
(c) 1 (d) 0 Ans. (d) : High boiling point of water is due to
TS EAMCET 05.08.2021, Shift-I hydrogen bonding.
NEET-Odisha 2019 The compounds having oxygen or fluorine or nitrogen
SCRA-2015 along with hydrogen forms hydrogen bond. Since they
have strong forces of attraction, more heat is required to
AMU-2014 break them while we boil these liquids. So, they have
JIPMER-2013 high boiling point.
Ans. (c): In CuSO4.5H2O four water molecule are
765. The dominant intermolecular force that must
co-ordinated to Cu2+ and one is hydrogen bonded with
be overcome to convert liquid methanol to its
SO 24− vapour is__________.
(a) Covalent Bonds
(b) Dipole-Dipole Interactions
(c) Hydrogen Bonds
(d) Co-ordinate Bonds
AP-EAMCET 25-08-2021 Shift-I
NEET-2009
Ans. (c) : In CH3OH (methanol), intermolecular
hydrogen bonding are found. Thus, H-bonding play an
761. Which of the following hydrogen bond is the role overcome in converting liquid methanol to vapour.
strongest?
766. Intra-molecular hydrogen bonding is found in
(a) O − H ⋅⋅⋅ N (b) F − H ⋅⋅⋅ F (a) o-nitrophenol (b) m-nitrophenol
(c) O − H ⋅⋅⋅ O (d) O − H ⋅⋅⋅ F (c) p-nitrophenol (d) phenol
WB-JEE-2018, JCECE - 2009 AMU-2015, Kerala-CEE-2011
AIIMS-1997 Ans. (a) : Intra-molecular hydrogen bonding is found in
Ans. (b) : Strength of hydrogen bonding depends upon o-nitro phenol. For intra-molecular hydrogen bonding
the electronegativity of elements. Therefore, F–H ---F the two groups are close enough to each other and for
show strongest hydrogen bond because fluorine is most five or six membered rings.
electronegative atom.
762. The maximum number of hydrogen bonds that
a molecule of water can have is
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 21.09.2020, Shift-I 767. Inter-molecular hydrogen bonding exists in
Karnataka-CET, 2008 (a) o-nitrophenol (b) o-chlorophenol
JCECE - 2006 (c) water (d) ammonium chloride
Ans. (d) : One water molecule is joined to four water UPTU/UPSEE-2015
molecules – two with H-atoms and other two with O-
atoms. Thus, the maximum number of hydrogen bonds J & K CET-(2007)
that a molecule of water can have is four as shown below: Ans. (c) : Intermolecular hydrogen-bonding takes place
between H atom and electronegative element present in
the different molecules of some substance.

768. Given below are two statements: one is labelled (c) Ionic bonding is non-directional
as Assertion A and the other is labelled as (d) σ-electrons are referred to as mobile electrons
Reason R. Kerala-CEE-29.08.2021
Assertion A: Dipole-dipole interactions are the Ans. (d) : (A) Hydrogen bonds are powerful force in
only non-covalent interactions, resulting in
hydrogen bond formation. determining the structure and properties of many
Reason R: Fluorine is the most electronegative compounds.
element and hydrogen bonds in HF are (B) Sigma bonds are formed by the head to head
symmetrical. overlapping between two orbital whereas pi-bonds
In the light of the above statements, choose the are formed by the lateral overlapping due to which
most appropriate answer from the options sigma bond is stronger bond than pi-bond. Hence,
given below: the statement is true.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct (C) This statement is true because ionic bonds are
explanation of A formed by the transfer of electron between two
(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the atom. Thus, transfer of electron are not depends
correct explanation of A upon the direction. Hence, we can say that ionic
(c) A is true but R is false bond are non directional.
(d) A is false but R is true (D) This statement is false because π-electrons are
JEE Main 26.02.2021, Shift-I referred to as mobile electrons.
Ans. (d) : In hydrogen bonding, Dipole-dipole 771. Hydrogen bonding is not present in
interactions are non covalent but ion-dipole interaction (a) glycerine (b) water
can also result in H-bond formation. F is most electro
(c) hydrogen sulphide (d) hydrogen fluoride.
negative element & structure is
J & K CET-(2017)
Ans. (c) : Sulphur is less electronegative than fluorine
and oxygen atoms due to which hydrogen sulphide will
Symmetrical H-bonds are Present not shows hydrogen bonding while water, hydrogen
Hence, Assertion is false and reason is true. fluoride and glycerine will shows hydrogen bonding.
769. The compound/s which will show significant 772. Which of the following compounds show
intermolecular H-bonding is/are hydrogen bonding?
NO 2
(a) HCl (b) C2H6
H (c) RCH2CHO (d) RCH2NHCH3
OH N CH3
HO
Manipal-2016
O
Ans. (d) :RCH2NHCH3 compound will show hydrogen
HO
(A) (B) (C) bonding because hydrogen is directly attached with
(a) (B) only (b) (C) only more electronegative atom i.e. nitrogen.
(c) (A) and (B) (d) (A), (B) and (C) 773. Which one of the following compounds shows
(JEE Main 2021, 27 Aug. Shift-II) the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bond?
Ans. (a) : Only (a) H2O2
(b) HCN
(c) Cellulose
(d) Concentrated acetic acid
will show NEET-II, 2016
intermolecular hydrogen bonding while
Ans. (c) : H2O2, HCN and concentrated CH3COOH
form intermolecular hydrogen bonding while cellulose
has intra-molecular hydrogen bonding this is due to the
fact that the glucose monomers form straight chains and
thus its polymeric structure crowd together showing
compound will show intramolecular hydrogen bonding
intra-molecular hydrogen bonding.
and compound
774. The molecular interactions responsible for
hydrogen bonding in HF
(a) ion-induced dipole (b) dipole-dipole
(c) dipole-induced dipole (d) ion-dipole
does not show hydrogen bonding because of steric AP-EAMCET (Engg.) - 2014
hindrance due to presence of bulkier group. Ans. (b) : A hydrogen bond is formed by a dipole-
770. Which of the following is an incorrect dipole force between an electronegative atom and a
statement? hydrogen atom that attaches covalently with another
(a) Hydrogen bonding is stronger than dispersion electronegative atom of the same molecule or of a
forces different molecule. Only nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine
(b) Sigma bonds are stronger than π-bonds atoms can with hydrogen to form hydrogen bond.
Hence, the molecular interaction responsible for 778. The hydrogen bonds are encountered in HF,
hydrogen bonding in HF are dipole-dipole interaction. H2O, NH3 and HF2− .The relative order of
energies of hydrogen bonds is
(a) HF > H2O > H3N > HF2−
(b) H2O > HF2− > HF > NH3
775. The pair of molecules forming strongest (c) HF > HF2− > H2O > NH3
hydrogen bonds are
(a) HCOOH and CH3COOH (d) HF2− > HF > H2O > NH3
(b) CH3COCH3 and CHCl3 AMU-2012
(c) H2O and H2 Ans. (d) : The strength or energy of hydrogen bonding
(d) SiF6 and SiH4 depends upon the electronegativity of atoms.
UPTU/UPSEE-2014 Order of electronegativity:- F− > F > O > N
Ans. (a) : Formic acid (HCOOH) and acetic acid Order of energies of hydrogen bonds is :- HF2− > HF >
(CH3COOH) forms strongest hydrogen bonding
H2O > NH3
because they form two hydrogen bonds and having high
polarity. 779. The vapour pressure of
OH OH
is higher than
NO O2N
776. The polypeptides are obtained by assembling 2
the peptide units by due to

(a) ionic bond (a) Dipole moment
(b) covalent bond (b) Dipole-dipole interaction
(c) intermolecular H-bonding (c) H-bonding
(d) covalent and H-bonding (d) Lattice structure
UPTU/UPSEE-2013 BITSAT-2012
Ans. (c) : More than one polypeptide chains when Ans. (c) : Ortho-nitrophenol has intramolecular H-
assemble as a result of intermolecular hydrogen OH
bonding between them, the polypeptide assume the O
secondary structure of proteins.
N
777. Which of the following is not soluble in sodium O
carbonate solution? bonding and para-nitrophenol has
intermolecular H-bonding.
OH COOH NO2 NO2 NO2
NO2 NO2
(a) (b)
NO2
O–H----O–H----O–H
SO2OH OH Hence former is more volatile than latter.

NO2 780. Hydrogen molecule differs from chlorine
(c) (d) molecule in the following respect.
(a) Hydrogen molecule is non - polar but chlorine
UP CPMT-2013
molecule is polar
Ans. (d) : Picric acid (2,4,6-trinitro phenol), benzene (b) Hydrogen molecule is polar while chlorine
sulphonic acid and benzoic acid are strong acids in molecule is non-polar
nature and react with alkali sodium carbonate to form (c) Hydrogen molecule can form intermolecular
their salts, whereas in o-nitrophenol, NO2 and OH hydrogen bond but chlorine molecule does
groups are located exactly right for the formation of not
intramolecular hydrogen bond, therefore o-nitrophenol (d) Hydrogen molecule cannot participate in
doesn't remove its H atom and doesn't react with coordinate bond formation but chlorine
sodium carbonate solution. molecule can
JIPMER-2012
Ans. (d) : Chlorine has a lone pair of electron and vacant
d-orbitals, thus they can take part in coordinate bond but
hydrogen molecule does not have a lone pair of electrons
Intra-molecular H-bond in o-nitrophenol so, it will not take part in the coordinate bond.

781. Among water molecules, the type of bond 785. Two ice cubes are pressed over each other until
present between H and O is they unite to form one block. Which one of the
(a) hydrogen bond (b) electrovalent bond following forces dominates for holding them
(c) coordinate bond (d) covalent bond together?
UP CPMT-2012 (a) Dipole-dipole interaction
(b) Van der waals’ forces
Ans. (a) : Oxygen atom of each H2O molecule is
(c) Hydrogen bond formation
covalent linked with two H-atoms of its own molecule
(d) Covalent attraction
and with another H-atom of adjacent H2O molecules by
BITSAT-2008
H-bonding.
Ans. (c) : Two ice cubes are pressed over each other
782. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding is strongest until they unite to form one block. It is due to H-
in bonding.
(a) HCHO (b) CH3OH 786. Unusually high b.p. of water is result of
(c) C6H5OH (d) CH3NH2 (a) Intermolecular hydrogen bonding
UPTU/UPSEE-2012 (b) Intramolecular hydrogen bonding
Ans. (b) : Hydrogen bond is found in a compound in (c) both intra & intermolecular hydrogen bonding
which hydrogen bond is directly attached to a highly (d) High specific heat
electronegative elements such as fluorine, oxygen and WB-JEE-2008
nitrogen. In HCHO the hydrogen atom is not directly Ans. (a) : High boiling point of water is due to
attached to an oxygen atom. Thus, will show very less formation of four intermolecular hydrogen bonding,
hydrogen bonding, while in case of CH3NH2, CH3OH since they have strong force of attraction, more heat is
and C6H5OH, CH3OH will show strongest hydrogen required to break them while boiling these liquids. So, it
bonding because hydrogen is directly attached with has high boiling point.
more electronegative oxygen atom. 787. H-bond is not present in :
In C6H5OH compound strength of hydrogen bonding (a) water (b) glycerol
reduces due to the presence of bulky phenyl (–C6H5) group. (c) hydrogen fluoride (d) hydrogen sulphide
783. Out of the given two compounds, the vapour BCECE-2005
pressure of B at a particular temperature is Ans. (d) : Sulphur is less electronegativity than fluorine
and oxygen due to which H2S do not show the hydrogen
bonding while H2O, HF and glycerol shows hydrogen
bonding.
788. Which of the following does not have the
hydrogen bond?
(a) Phenol (b) Liquid NH3
(c) Water (d) Liquid HCl
(a) higher than that of A CG PET-2005
(b) lower than that of A Ans. (d) : Chlorine is less electronegativity than
(c) higher or lower than A depending on the size fluorine, oxygen and nitrogen due to which liquid HCl
of the vessel not show hydrogen bonding. H2O, phenol and liquid
(d) same as that of A NH3 show hydrogen bonding.
Karnataka-CET-2011 789. H-bond is strongest in
Ans. (a) : Vapour pressure of o-nitrophenol is more (a) C2H5OH (b) H – F
than vapour pressure of p-nitrophenol due to the (c) H2O (d) CH3COCH3
intramolecular hydrogen bonding. As a results, it is JIPMER-2005
more volatile. Ans. (b) : Strength of hydrogen bonding will depends
upon the electronegativity of atom. Greater the
electronegative atom, greater the hydrogen bonding
strength. Therefore, fluorine has highest electronic
activity and form strongest hydrogen bond in HF
molecule.
790. Which of the following compounds in liquid
784. The low density of ice compared to water is due to state does not have hydrogen bonding?
(a) induced dipole-induced dipole interactions (a) H2O (b) HF
(b) dipole-induced dipole interactions (c) NH3 (d) C6H6
(c) hydrogen bonding interactions CG PET-2004
(d) dipole-dipole interactions Ans. (d) : In benzene molecule, electronegativity
JCECE-2010 difference between C–H bond is less therefore molecule
behaves as non-polar and does not show hydrogen
Ans. (c) : Hydrogen bonding interactions are bonding. But H2O, HF and NH3 shows hydrogen
responsible for the low density of ice as compared to bonding because F, O and N atom are highly
water. electronegative.
791. Assertion: Boiling and melting points of amides Ans. (b) : Intermolecular forces in HF is due to
are higher than corresponding acids. formation of hydrogen bonding.
Reason: It is due to strong intermolecular
hydrogen bonding in their molecules.
the Reason is correct explanation of the
Assertion. 794. Which one of the following values could be
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but used to estimate the strength of a hydrogen
Reason is not a correct explanation of the bond in water?
Assertion. (a) strength of an O – H bond in H2O
(b) heat evolved when one mole of H2O is
(c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is formed from its elements
incorrect. (c) enthalpy change of vapourisation of water
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are (d) the melting point of ice
incorrect. J & K CET-(1998)
(e) If the Assertion is incorrect but the Reason is Ans. (c) : Water forms a hydrogen bonding in its
correct. molecule. Due to hydrogen bonding, the electrostatic
AIIMS-2002 force of attraction in the molecules become large.
Hence, its boiling point is high because large energy is
Ans. (a): In case of amide 2 N – H bonds are present.
required to separate these molecules. Hence enthalpy
So, amides are doing more intermolecular H-bonding changed value of vapourisation of water could be used
due to this force of attraction between the molecules, to estimate the strength of a hydrogen bonding in water.
increases and that's why boiling and melting point 795. Assertion: Ionic compounds tend to be non-
increase. While in case of acids only 1 O – H bond is volatile.
present. So, less intermolecular hydrogen bonding is Reason: The inter-molecular forces in these
formed due to this boiling and melting points of acids compounds are weak.
decreases. (a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the
Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but
Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but the Reason is false
(d) If both Assertion and Reason are false
AIIMS-1994
Ans. (c): Intermolecular forces (i.e., electrostatic forces)
in ionic compounds are strong thus they form big
crystal lattices and are non-volatile. Thus, only assertion
is true but reason is false.
796. Methanol and ethanol are miscible in water
due to
(a) covalent character
(b) hydrogen bonding character
792. In which of the following substances, hydrogen (c) oxygen bonding character
(d) none of the above
bonding is absent?
JIPMER-2008
(a) HF (b) H2O
JCECE - 2007
(c) CCl4 (d) Salicylaldehyde
Ans. (b) : Methanol and ethanol contain polar covalent
AP-EAMCET (Medical), 2001 O–H bond. Hence, they form hydrogen bonding with
Ans. (c) : Chlorine has less electronegativity value than water due to this they are miscible in water.
fluorine due to which they do not show the hydrogen 797. H2O is liquid while H2S is a gas due to
bonding. (a) covalent bonding
• HF, H2O and salicylaldehyde shows hydrogen bonding. (b) molecular attraction
(c) H-bonding
793. The predominant intermolecular forces in HF
(d) both H-bonding and molecular attraction
is due to UPTU/UPSEE-2008
(a) dipole-induced dipole interaction JIPMER-2005
(b) hydrogen bond formation Ans. (c) : H2O contains intermolecular hydrogen bond,
(c) dispersion interaction due to this it exist as liquid while H2S does not
(d) dipole-dipole interaction containing intermolecular hydrogen bond, it contains
J & K CET-(2000) weak van der Waal forces. So it exist as gas.
798. The boiling point of the water is higher than The correct match is
liquid HF. The reason is that A B C D
(a) Hydrogen bonds are stronger in water (a) I II III IV
(b) Hydrogen bonds are stronger in HF (b) III II IV I
(c) Hydrogen bonds are larger in number in HF (c) III I II IV
(d) Hydrogen bonds are larger in number in water (d) III I IV II
WB-JEE-30.04.2022 TS-EAMCET (Engg.), 06.08.2021
Ans. (d) : One water molecule forms four Ans. (d):
intermolecular hydrogen bonds while one hydrogen Compound-Physical/Chemical
fluoride forms two intermolecular hydrogen bonds, property/name/structure
(a ) H3BO3 - Hydrogen bonding
Thats why, boiling point of the water is higher than H H
liquid HF.
O
H B H
O O
One H2O molecule will form four H-bonds. H H [H bond]

(Two dimensional
O O layered structure)
H B H
O
799. The correct option among the following about H H
hydrogen bonding is (b) AlCl3 - Dimeric form
a) Hydrogen bond strength increases with the
Cl Cl Cl
decrease of electronegativity of the atom
connected to hydrogen Al Al
b) Hydrogen bonding involves more than two Cl Cl Cl
atoms (Al2Cl6)
c) In general, intramolecular hydrogen bonding
forms through five or six membered rings (c) B3N3H6 - Inorganic benzene
d) Hydrogen bonding is an electrostatic force (d) BF3 - Back bonding
(a) A and B (b) B and C
(c) A and C (d) C and D
Ans. (d) : (a) Hydrogen bond strength increases with
[ F B
F
F
F B
F
F
F B
F
F
[
the increase of electronegative of the atom connected to
801. When hydrogen bond is formed between two
hydrogen. molecules, it is called:
(b) As a result of hydrogen bonding, a hydrogen atoms (a) intra-molecular H-bond
links the two electronegative atoms simultaneously. (b) intermolecular H-bond
(c) In intramolecular species, H – bonding forms (c) directional H-bond
through five or six membered rings. (d) Both (b) and (c)
AP-EAMCET-1993
Ans. (b): Intermolecular hydrogen bond is formed
between two molecules while intramolecular hydrogen
bond is formed within the same molecule. The example
of intermolecular H-bonding is H2O whereas o-nitro
phenol has intramolecular H-bonding.
802. In which of the following compounds is
(d) Hydrogen bonding is an electrostatic force. Hence, hydrogen bonding strongest in liquid phase?
the statement is true. (a) HF (b) CH4
800. Match the following (c) HI (d) PH3
List-I List-II AP-EAMCET-1993
Compound Physical/Chemical Ans. (a): HF molecule has highest dipole character.
property/name/structure Hence, the HF has strongest hydrogen bonding in liquid
A. H3BO3 I. Dimeric form phase.
B. AlCl3 II. Back bonding 803. Water has a higher boiling point than
C. B3N3H6 III. Hydrogen bonding corresponding hydrides H2S, H2Se and H2Te.
D. BF3 IV. Inorganic benzene This is because of:
(a) angular structure of water 808. Which of the following is not correct regarding
(b) presence of lone pair of electrons in H2O the properties of ionic compounds?
(c) presence of intra-molecular H-bonding in (a) Ionic compounds have high melting and
water boiling points
(d) presence of intermolecular H-bonding in (b) Their reaction velocity in aqueous medium is
water very high
AP-EAMCET-1991 (c) Ionic compounds in their molten and aqueous
Ans. (d): Water has a higher boiling point than solutions do not conduct electricity
corresponding hydrides i.e. H2S, H2Se, H2Te. This is (d) They are highly soluble in polar solvents
because of presence of intermolecular H-bonding in UPTU/UPSEE-2010
water. CG PET -2008
804. Which of the following hydrogen bonds are AP-EAMCET-2004
strongest in vapour phase? Ans. (c): Ionic compounds in their molten and aqueous
(a) HF………….HF (b) HF………….HCl solution are a good conductor of electricity. However,
(c) HCl………….HCl (d) HF………….HI they are bad conductor in solid state.
AIEEE 2007 • Ionic compound has high melting and boiling point
Ans.(a): The hydrogen bond in HF is strongest because due to strong bond length.
fluorine is the most electronegative element hence form • The mobility of ions is very fast in aqueous solution.
strongest hydrogen bond. • The ionic compounds are very soluble in polar
805. Which of the following can form H–bond? solvent due to electrostatic attraction between two
(a) NH3 (b) R–CN opposite charge of the aqueous solution and salts.
(c) R–O–R (d) R–Br 809. Which of the following contains a coordinate
VITEEE 2003 covalent bond?
Ans. (a) : Only NH3 molecule will show hydrogen (a) H2O (b) NH3
bonding because it is polar in nature and having high (c) NH +4 (d) C2H4
electro negativity difference. But in case of R–CN, R–
O–R and R–Br and non-polar or less polar and also COMEDK-2011
having low electronegativity difference. AP-EAMCET-1993
806. Intra-molecular hydrogen bonding is formed in Ans. (c): Co-ordinate bond is also a type of covalent
(a) H2O2 (b) salicyladehyde bond in which sharing of electron given by only one
(c) NH3 (d) benzophenone atom. In NH +4 , N is the donor atom whereas H atom is
KCET 2013 the acceptor atom. Thus, NH +4 has a coordinate covalent
Ans. (b) :Intramolecular hydrogen bond is formed bond.
within the same molecule when two groups are enough
close to each other and form five or six member ring
after hydrogen bonding. Therefore, only salicylaldehyde
shows intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
810. A covalent molecule AB3 has pyramidal

structure. The number of lone pair and bond
pair electrons in the molecule are respectively
(a) 0 and 4 (b) 3 and 1
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 2 and 2
8. Ionic, Covalent and COMEDK-2018
Karnataka-CET, 2009
Coordinate Bonding Ans. (c) : In general, a compound with formula AB3 is
sp2 hybridised with triangular planar geometry.
807. The number and type of bonds between two However, the given compound has pyramidal structure
carbon atoms in CaC2 are which is possible only when it has a lone pair of electrons.
(a) One σ bond and one π bond Thus, AB3 has 3 bond pairs and one lone pair. The
(b) One σ bond and two π bonds hybridisation of AB3 molecule with one lone pair is sp3.
(c) One σ bond only
(d) One σ and one δ bond
WB JEE-2016, SCRA - 2014, AIEEE-2011
Ans. (b) : The molecular formula of calcium carbide is
CaC2. The Structure of CaC2 is:
811. Which one of the following has a coordinate bond?
(a) NH4Cl (b) AlCl3
(c) NaCl (d) Cl2
Triple bond are formed between two carbon atom. JIPMER-2012
Hence, one sigma and two pi-bonds are present. Karnataka-CET, 2009
Ans. (a) : NH4Cl forms coordinate bond. 815. Which bond in a molecule of ethyl magnesium
bromide is ionic in nature?
(a) C  C bond (b) C  Mg bond
(c) Mg  Br bond (d) C  H bond
MHT CET-03.05.2019, Shift-I
NH +4 + Cl− → NH 4 Cl Ans. (c) : In ethyl magnesium bromide, the nature of
Mg–Br bond is ionic because of the higher
Lone pair of nitrogen is donated to H+ ion and formed eletronegative difference between them. In other words,
coordinate bond. magnesium is metal and bromine is non-metal and the
812. The sum of the number of dative bonds present combination of these two gives rise to an ionic
in all the given species are compound named magnesium bromide.
+ 816. Which of the following compounds contain (s)
Al2Cl6, Al(H2O)6, CO, NH 4
(a) 5 (b) 7 no covalent bond (s) ?
(c) 8 (d) 10 KCl, PH3, O2, B2H6, H2SO4
TS EAMCET 10.08.2021, Shift-II (a) KCl, B2H6, PH3 (b) KCl, H2SO4
(c) KCl (d) KCl, B2H6
Ans. (d) : A co-ordinate covalent or dative bond is a
covalent bond that forms when both electrons come JEE Main-2018
from the same atom. The given species are Al2Cl6, Ans. (c) :
[Al(H2O)6]3+, CO and NH +4 . K
−
Cl
−
↓ losses e ↓ gains e
K+ Cl −
So, KCl forms ionic bond not covalent bond.
There are 10 dative bond present in given species.

813. A hard substance melts at high temperature
and is an insulator in both solid and in molten
state. This solid is most likely to be a/an 817. Which of the following is not a conductor of
(a) ionic solid (b) molecular solid electricity?
(c) metallic solid (d) covalent solid (a) Solid NaCl (b) Cu
(JEE Main 2021, 18 March Shift-II) (c) Fused NaCl (d) Brine solution
Ans. (d) : Covalent solids having high melting points Karnataka-CET-2018
and act as insulator in both solid and in molten state due Ans. (a) : In solid state, no unpaired electrons are
to absence of free electrons in covalent solid. present in molecule. So they does not conduct electricity.
814. Number of different bonds present in P4O10 is Therefore , solid NaCl does not having unpaired electron
....... which helps in conduction of electricity. So solid NaCl is
(a) 8 P–O bonds and 4 P = O bonds not a conductor of electricity.
(b) 12 P–O bonds and 3 P = O bonds 818. Maximum number of covalent bonds formed
(c) 12 P–O bonds and 4 P = O bonds by N and P are
(d) 8 P–O bonds and 3 P = O bonds (a) 3, 5 (b) 3, 6
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 18.09.2020, Shift-I (c) 3, 4, 5 (d) 3, 4, 6
Ans. (c) : Phosphorus pentaoxide is a chemical (e) None of these
compound with molecular formula P4O10. This white Kerala-CEE-2018
crystalline solid is the anhydride of phosphoric acid. It Ans. (a) : N and P belongs to the same group of
is a powerful desiccant and dehydrating agent. The elements of periodic table. It contains the five valence
structure of P4O10 is given as – electron on valence shell
7 N = 1s , 2s , 2p
2 2 3
Hence, nitrogen can form three bonds in ground state.

15 P = [Ne]3s ,3p ,3d
2 3 0

Ans. (d) : KF and HF forms K+[HF2]– compound in
anhydrous mixture. This is due to presence of hydrogen
bonding between fluorine atom of KF and hydrogen
atom of HF molecules.
KF+HF→K+[F–--- HF] →K+[HF2]–
Hydrogen
Here, P can form five bond in excited state. Hence, the
bonding
correct option is (a).
824. HCl gas is covalent and NaCl is an ionic
819. NH 3 molecule attract H+ ion towards itself to compound. This is because
form ammonium ion (NH 4+ ) through (a) sodium is highly electropositive
(a) electrovalent bond (b) metallic bond (b) hydrogen is a non-metal
(c) co-ordinate bond (d) hydrogen bonding (c) HCl is a gas
(d) electronegativity difference between H and Cl
BCECE-2017
is less than 2.1
+
Ans. (c) : NH3 molecules forms NH 4 ion by forming Karnataka-CET-2016
coordinate bond with H+ ion. Ans. (d) : In HCl molecule the electronegativity
difference between H and Cl atom is less so they act as
covalent compound while in NaCl molecule the
electronegativity difference in Na and Cl atom is high.
Therefore, NaCl act as ionic compound.
825. Which compound has electrovalent bond ?
(a) H2O2 (b) CCl4
820. Select the most appropriate statement in BF3 (c) NaBr (d) CHCl3
(a) All the bonds are completely ionic MPPET-2013
(b) The B-F bond is partially ionic. Ans. (c) : Electrovalent bond formed by transfer of e–
(c) B-F bond has partial double bond character. and gain of e–. After dissociation of electrovalent bond,
(d) Bond energy and bond length data indicates opposite ion (cation and anion) are formed mostly. It is
single bond character of the B-F bond. formed between non metal and metal.
(e) All the bonds are covalent. Na – Br  → Na + + Br −
Kerala-CEE-2017 • H2O2, CCl4 and CHCl3 have the covalent bond
Ans. (e) : BF3 has three B–F bond in own structure. The because these bonds formed due to sharing of electron.
hybridisation of boron in BF3 is sp2. Boron contains the 826. Which one of the following statements about C2
three valence electron which is share with the fluorine molecule is wrong?
atom and the covalent bond formed. Boron completes (a) The bond order of C2 is 2
its octet by back -bonding making B–F bond partial (b) In vapour phase, C2 molecule is diamagnetic
double bond. (c) Double bond in C2 molecule consists of both
821. Which of the following is covalent? π-bonds because of the presence of 4e − in
(a) NaCl (b) KCl two π-molecular orbitals.
(c) BeCl2 (d) MgCl2 (d) Double bond in C2 molecule consists to one
(e) CaCl2 σ-bond and one π bond
Kerala-CEE-2017 JIPMER-2013
Ans. (c) : BeCl2 has covalent character because the Ans. (d) : According to MOT diagram of C2 molecule
electronegativity difference between Be & Cl is very double bond in C2 molecule consist of both π–bonds no
less whereas NaCl, MgCl2, KCl and CaCl2 are the salt σ–bond is present.
of alkali and alkaline earth metal.
822. An ionic compound is
(a) SnCl2 (b) CCl4
(c) GeCl4 (d) SiCl4
JCECE-2016
Ans. (a) : In p-block members, as we move down the
group, lower positive oxidation state (+2) is more stable
and ionic character increases due to inert pair effect.
Hence, SnCl2, i.e. (Sn = +2), is ionic in nature.
823. Anhydrous mixture of KF and HF contain
which types of ions?
(a) K+, H+, F– (b) {KF+, (HF–)}
(c) KH+, F– (d) K+, HF2−
JIPMER-2016
830. CO is practically non-polar since
(a) the σ-electron drift from C to O is almost
nullified by the π-electron drift from O to C
(b) the σ-electron drift from O to C is almost
nullified by the π-electron drift from C to O
1 (c) the bond moment is low
• Bond order = e −B − e AB
−
 (d) there is a triple bond between C and O
2 WB-JEE-2012
1
= [ 4 − 0] Ans. (a) : CO is the heterodiatomic molecule. It has the
2 σ bond (sigma electron) and π-bond (π-electron). The
=2 polarity of this molecule is destroyed by the σ-electron
• All 4e– are present in two π–molecular orbital so, it drift from C to O and π-electron drift from O to C.
show the diamagnetic character. 831. The dative bond is present in
827. Which one of the following contains ionic, (a) NH3 (b) SO3
covalent and coordinate bonds? (c) PCl5 (d) BF3
(a) NaCl (b) NaCN JCECE-2011
(c) NaNC (d) NaOH Ans. (b) : The structures of the given molecules are as-
Karnataka-CET-2012
Ans. (c) : NaNC contains ionic, covalent and coordinate
type of bonding.
Hence, SO3 molecules contains co-ordinate or dative

NaCN only shows ionic and covalent bonding. bonds.
NaCl and NaOH shows ionic bonding. 832. Which of the following does not contain any
828. Which of the following is not a characteristic coordinate bond?
of a covalent compound? (a) H3O+ (b) BF4−
(a) No definite geometry
(b) Insoluble in polar solvent (c) HF2− (d) NH +4
(c) Small difference in electronegativity between MHT CET-2011
the combining atoms Ans. (c) :
(d) Low melting point
Karnataka-CET-2012
Ans. (a) : The covalent compound have some properties
which is given below.
(i) The geometry of the covalent compound is definite.
(ii) Covalent compounds are in soluble in polar
solvents.
(iii) The covalent bond formed in between two atom of
covalent compound due to small difference of
electronegativity.
(iv) The covalent compounds have low melting point
rather than ionic compounds.
829. Which of the following dissolves in ionic Hence, HF2− does not contain the any type of Co-
solvents?
(a) C6H6 (b) CH3OH ordinate bond.
(c) CCl4 (d) C5H12 833. The compound which contains both ionic and
MHT CET-2012 covalent bond
(a) KCl (b) KCN
Ans. (b) : CH3OH is the polar molecule which is (c) CH4 (d) H2
dissolve in the polar solvent (ionic solvent).
BCECE-2010
δ+ δ−
CH 3 – OH Ans. (b) : KCN contains both ionic and covalent bond.
+ −
C6H6, CCl4 and C5H12 are the non-polar molecule due K C = N
to which they can not be dissolved in the polar solvent K+ and CN– forms ionic bond and C–N bond is
(e.g. H2O). covalent.
834. In the electronic structure of H2SO4, the total 839. Which of the following combination will form
number of unshared electrons is an electrovalent bond?
(a) 20 (b) 16 (a) P and Cl (b) NH3and BF3
(c) 12 (d) 8 (c) H and Ca (d) H and S
JIPMER-2010 UPTU/UPSEE-2005
Ans. (a) Ans. (c) : The ionic bond formed between such type of
element in which more electronegative difference
present in between them. Here, Ca and H has the
maximum electronegative difference. Hence it forms
No. of lone pair = 10 the electrovalent bond.
∴ No. of unshared e– = 10×2 = 20 e– 840. Ionic bonds are usually formed by combination
835. Which combination of atoms can form a polar of elements with
covalent bond? (a) high ionisation potential and low electron
(a) H and H (b) H and Br affinity
(c) N and N (d) Na and Br (b) low ionisation potential and high electron
UPTU/UPSEE-2009 affinity
Ans. (b) : The condition for a polar covalent bond is (c) high ionisation potential and high electron
that the combining atom must have the low affinity
electronegativity difference not zero. Here, H–Br fulfills (d) low ionisation potential and low electron
the condition and form the polar covalent bond. affinity
CG PET -2005
• H and H & N and N forms the non-polar covalent Ans. (b) : Ionic bonds are usually formed by
bond because the electronegativity difference is combination of element which easily loose electrons i.e.
zero. low ionisation energy and element which easily takes
• Na and Br forms the ionic bond. electron i.e. having high electron affinity.
836. The nature of the bond in diamond is 841. An example of a polar covalent compounds is:
(a) ionic (b) covalent (a) KCl (b) NaCl
(c) metallic (d) coordinate covalent
(c) CCl4 (d) HCl
J & K CET-2008
JCECE-2005
Ans. (b) : Diamond forms covalent bond. In diamond
only carbon atoms are present. Each carbon atom Ans. (d) : KCl and NaCl are ionic compound because
attached by 4 other carbon atoms through covalent bond formed due to transfer of electron whereas CCl4
bonds. and HCl are both covalent compound but one is polar
837. The number of covalent bonds in fluorine and other one is non-polar. CCl4 is the non-polar
molecules is covalent compound because it's magnitude of polarity
(a) 2 (b) 3 cancel to each other. Hence, HCl is the polar covalent
(c) 1 (d) 5 compound.
J & K CET-2007 842. When electric current is passed through an
Ans. (c) : Fluorine molecules form one F–F covalent ionic hydride in molten state:
bond. Electronic configuration of F → 1s2 2s2 2p5 (a) hydrogen is liberated at anode
This show fluorine requires one more electron to (b) hydrogen is liberated at cathode
complete it's octate. So, it forms only one covalent (c) no change takes place
bond. (d) hydride for migrates towards cathode
838. Which of the following contains both covalent (e) hydride ion remains in solution
and ionic bond ? Kerala-CEE-2005
(a) CCl4 (b) CaCl2 Ans. (a) : When electric current is passed through an
(c) NH4Cl (d) H2O ionic hydride in molten state then hydrogen gas
MHT CET-2007 liberated at anode.
Ans. (c) : Ammonium chloride has ionic as well as
+
M + H −  → M+ + H−
covalent bond. Ionic bond formed between [NH4] and Hydrideion
Cl– whereas covalent co-ordinate bond formed between 1

N→H. H −  → H 2 + e− (At anode)
2
843. A covalent bond between two atoms is formed
by which of the following?
(a) Electron nuclear attraction
(b) Electron sharing
(c) Electron transfer
• CCl4 and H2O are form the covalent bond whereas (d) Electrostatic attraction
CaCl2 has only ionic bond between own ion. CG PET -2004
Ans. (b) : Covalent bond is a chemical bond that 848. Which one of the following molecules contains
involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. both ionic and covalent bonds?
These electron pairs, and the stable balance of attractive (a) CH2Cl2 (b) K2SO4
and repulsive forces between atoms, when they share (c) BeCl2 (d) SO2
electrons, is known as covalent bonding. AP-EAMCET-2002
844. Identify the non-polar molecule in the set of Ans. (b): K2SO4 molecule contains both ionic and
compounds given: covalent bonds.
HCl, HF, H2, HBr
(a) H2 (b) HCl
(c) HF, HBr (d) HBr
UPTU/UPSEE-2004
Ans. (a) : The species are given below-
849. Which of the following is the weakest bond?
H2 is the non-polar molecule because the (a) hydrogen bond (b) metallic bond
electronegative difference between H–H is zero. Hence, (c) ionic bond (d) covalent bond
H2 non-polar molecule. J & K CET-2001
845. Assertion: The O−O bond length in H2O2 is Ans. (a) : Hydrogen bonding is the weakest bond
shorter than that of O2F2. because it only formed by attraction between dipoles
Reason: H2O2 is an ionic compound. not formed a real bond.
the Reason is correct explanation of the 850. Which of the following molecule/ion has all the
Assertion. three types of bonds electrovalent, covalent and
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but co-ordinate :
Reason is not a correct explanation of the (a) HCl (b) NH 4Cl
Assertion. (c) Cl –
(d) H2O2
(c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is BITSAT-2015
incorrect.
Ans. (b) : Bond structure of molecules are :
incorrect. HCl = H – Cl
correct.
AIIMS-2003
Ans. (d) : O – O bond length in O2F2 is less than H2O2
because in O2F2, highly electronegative fluorine atom
attracts lone pair of oxygen that’s why lone pair-lone
pair repulsion in O–O bond decreases and O–O bond −
length is also decreases.  ×× 
Cl ≡  ×× Cl×× 
−
846. The number of S – S bonds in sulphur trioxide  ×× 
is
(a) Three (b) two H 2O 2 ≡ H – O – O – H
(c) one (d) zero Hence, from above structure it is clear that NH 4Cl
J & K CET-2003 molecule contains all three types bonds.
Ans. (d) : There is zero S – S bond in sulphur trioxide 851. Consider the following with regard to water
(SO3). molecule :
1. Non-polar covalent 2. Polar covalent
3. σ bond 4. sp3 hybridization
Which of the above describe the bonding in
water molecule?
847. In which of the following ionic bond is present? (a) 2 and only (b) 1 and 4
(a) BF3 (b) CCl4 (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 2, 3 and 4
(c) HCl (d) BaCl2 SCRA-2014
JCECE-2003 Ans. (d) : Water molecule contains the two bond pair
Ans. (d) : In BaCl2 compound, the electronegativity and two lone pair. H2O is polar in nature because O–H
difference between Barium and Chlorine atom is high bond are polar in nature. The hybridization of H2O
therefore only BaCl2 forms ionic bond. molecule is sp3. There are two σ bond present.

852. Assertion: LiCl is predominantly a covalent Ans. (d) : In ammonium ion NH +4 , three N–H bonds
compound. are covalent and one N–H bond is co-ordinate covalent.
Reason: Electronegativity difference between Hydrogen atoms are situated at the corners of a
Li and Cl is too small. tetrahedron as N atom is sp3 hybridised.
Assertion
Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect 856. Assertion: The atoms in a covalent molecule are
said to share electrons, yet some covalent
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect
molecules are polar.
AIIMS-2014 Reason: In a polar covalent molecule, the shared
Ans. (c) : LiCl is covalent compound because the size electrons spend more time than the average near
of Li+ is smaller and Cl− is larger. Therefore, Li+, has one of the atoms.
high polarizing power according to Fajan's rule, then (a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the
LiCl is covalent in nature. Electronegativity difference Reason is a correct explanation of the
between Li and Cl is high. Assertion
853. The correct statement for the molecule CsI3 is (b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but
(a) It is a covalent molecule
Assertion
(b) It contains Cs + and I3− (c) If Assertion is true but the Reason is false
(c) It contains Cs3+ and I − ions (d) If both Assertion and Reason are false
AIIMS-1996
(d) It contains Cs + , I − and lattice I 2 molecule
Ans. (a) : Covalent bonds are formed by the sharing of
JEE Main-2014 electrons between atoms if there is difference in
Ans. (b) : CsI3 is an ionic compound. electronegativity between atoms then shared electron
→ Cs + + I3−
CsI3  spent more time near more electronegativity atom but if
electronegativity difference is less then shared electron
Cs belongs to alkali metal groups therefore Cs3+ is not exist in centre.
possible because alkali metals only shows +1 oxidation
857. The compound containing co-ordinate bond is
state, i.e. Cs+. I2 molecules is not present in lattice (a) SO3 (b) O3
because its size is too large. (c) H2SO4 (d) all of these
854. The attractive force which holds various AIIMS-1994
constituents together in different chemical Ans. (d) :
species is called
(a) valence bond (b) chemical bond
(c) atomic bond (d) electrovalent bond.
J & K CET-2014
Ans. (b) : Only chemical bonds forms attractive force
because it is formed by sharing of electrons between
atoms. Electrovalent bonds are ionic bonds and formed
by donation of electron so it is not formed by attractive
Hence, all species contains the co-ordinate bond.
forces.
858. Heterolytic fission of an organic covalent bond
855. Which one of the following statements is true gives only
for ammonium ion? (a) anion (b) free radicals
(a) All bonds are ionic (c) cation (d) both (a) and (c)
(b) All bonds are co-ordinate covalent AIIMS-1994
(c) H- atoms are situated at the corners of a Ans. (d) : There are two types of fission take place in
square an organic covalent bond i.e. (i) Homolytic and
(d) H-atoms are situated at the corners of heterolytic fission. On the heterolytic fission, cation and
tetrahedron. anion are formed.
AP – EAMCET - (Medical)-1997 C–X 
Heterolytic
Cleavage
→ C+ + X −

863. AX is a covalent diatomic molecule, where A
9. Molecular Orbital Theory and X are second row elements of periodic
table. Based on molecular orbital theory, the
bond order of AX is 2.5. The total number of
859. Which of the following molecules/ions do not electrons in AX is ..........
contain unpaired electrons? (Round off to the nearest integer).
(a) O 22 − (b) B2 (JEE Main 2021, 18 March Shift-I)
Ans. (15) : It is given that the bond order of AX is 2.5.
(c) N +2 (d) O2
The compound AX will be NO because the total
(JEE Main 2021, 31 Aug. Shift-II) number of electron of NO is 15 Total number of
Karnataka-CET-2012 electrons equal to 13 will also have the 2.5 bond order.
UP CPMT-2011 But in this case neutral diatomic molecule will not be
possible.
Ans. (a) : O 22 − (number of electrons = 18) does not
864. Arrange the following species in the correct
contain unpaired electrons.
order of their stabilities.
O 22 − : σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2p 2z , π2p 2x N −2 , C 2 , Ne 2 , O 22 −
≈ π2p y , π 2p x ≈ π 2p y
2 * 2 * 2
(a) Ne2 < O 22 − < C2 < N −2
860. Which of the following show pπ – dπ bonding? (b) Ne2 < C2 < O 22 − < N −2
(a) NO3− (b) SO32 − (c) Ne2 < N −2 < O 22 − < C2
(c) BO33− (d) CO32 − (d) Ne2 < O 22 − < N −2 < C2
BCECE-2016, 2012 AP EAPCET 25.08.2021, Shift-II
2–
Ans. (b) : NO3–, BO33– and CO3 contains the second Ans. (a) : According molecular orbital theory–
period elements (central atom and surrounding atom ) For N ≤ 14e– For N > 14 e–
and there is no availability of d– orbital in second σ*2pz σ*2pz
period element due to which they cannot acquire the π 2px = π 2py (bonding)
* *
π 2px = π*2py
*
pπ– dπ bonding. σ2pz π2px = π2py

In SO32–, sulphur belongs to the third period of the π2px = π2py (bonding) σ2pz
periodic table and it has the d–orbital due to which they σ*2s σ*2s
can form pπ–dπ bonding. σ2s (bonding) σ2s
861. Which of the following elements forms pπ – pπ σ 1s (antibonding orbital)
*
σ*1s
bond with itself? σ1s (bonding orbital) σ1s
(a) P (b) Se
No. of bonding e − − No. of antibonding e −
(c) N (d) Te ∴ B.O. =
Karnataka-CET-2017 2
MHT CET-2017 So, bond order is increase so stability is increase. Bond
Ans. (c) : The condition for forming the pπ-pπ bond is order of N −2 = 5/2, C2 = 2, O 22 − = 1 and Ne2 = 0.
that, the molecule having the small size with high 865. Addition of an electron to an antibonding
electronegativity. In the given options, only nitrogen molecular orbital _____
has fulfill the condition for pπ-pπ bond. N has more (a) increase bond - order
electronegativity than P, Se and Te. (b) decreases bond - order
(c) stabilizes the system
862. The number of antibonding electron pairs in (d) decreases the inter-nuclear distance
O 2–
2 molecular ion on the basis of molecular AP-EAPCET-24.08.2021, Shift-I
orbital theory is (Atomic number of O is 18) Ans. (b) : The formula of bond order is –
(a) 5 (b) 4 Bond order
(c) 3 (d) 2 no. of bonding e − – no. of of anti bonding e−
Karnataka-CET-2007 =
2
NEET-1998 If the no. of electron in antibonding increases the bond
Ans. (b) : The electronic configuration of O 2– order decreases. Hence the second option is correct.
2 ion is-
866. According to molecular orbital theory, the
( )
O −2 18e− = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 ,2pz2 , species among the following that does not exist
is :
π2px2 = π2py2 , σ 2pz2 ,π* 2p 2y = π* 2p 2
(a) He −2 (b) He +2
Hence, number of antibonding electron pairs in
(c) O 22− (d) Be 2
O 2–
2 molecular ion are four.
JEE Main 25-02-2021, Shift-I
Ans. (d) : (i) He 2– ( 5 ) : σ1s 2 σ*1s 2 σ2s1 Stability ∝ Bond order
Bond order of N2, N −2 and N −22 are 3, 2.5 and 2
respectively. Therefore, the bond stability order is
N −22 < N 2− < N 2 .
Hence, the correct option is (c).
869. During the change of O2 to O -2 , the incoming
electron goes to the orbital.
(a) π2px (b) π*2px
(c) π2py (d) π*2pz
Ans. (b) : : The total number of electron in O2
molecule is 16. The molecular orbital configuration of
1 O2 is (σ1s) 2 (σ *1s) 2 (σ2s) 2 (σ* 2s) 2
Bond Order =
2
[ Nb – Na ] (σ2p z ) 2 (π2p 2 x = π2p 2 y ) (π * 2p1x = π * 2p1y )
1
= [3 – 2] = = 0.5
1 Similarly, for O2– , totale − = 17
2 2 MO electronic configuration
(ii) He 2+ ( 3) : σ1s 2 σ*1s1 = (σ1s) 2 (σ *1s) 2 (σ2s) 2 (σ* 2s) 2 (σ2p z ) 2
1 (π2p 2 x = π2p 2 y ) (π * 2p 2 x = π * 2p1y )
Bond Order = [ Nb – Na ]
2 In O2 to O2–, the incoming electron goes to the
1 π * 2p x orbital.
= [ 2 – 1] = 0.5
2 870. Which of the following species cannot exist on
(iii) O 2–
2 (18 ) : σ 1s 2
, σ * 2
1s , σ 2s 2
, σ*
2s 2
, σ 2p 2
z
the basis of Molecular Orbital Theory?
(a) O2+ (b) He2+
π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π* 2p 2x = π* 2p 2y (c) H2 +
(d) He2
1 J & K CET-2019
Bond Order = [ N b – N a ] CG PET-2004
2
Ans. (d) : The molecule which have bonding electron
1
= [10 – 8] = 1 equal to the Antibonding electron then the molecule
2 cannot exist. He2 has the 4 electron.
(iv) Be2 = 4 + 4 = 8 MO configuration of He2 = (σ1s2) (σ*1s)2
= σ 1s , σ 1s , σ2s , σ 2s
2 * 2 2 * 2 Hence, no of bonding electron is equal to the no. of
antibonding. Hence, the He2 molecule cannot exist.
1
Bond Order = [ N b – N a ] 871. In the process, O +2 → O 2+ 2 +e
–
the electron lost
2
is from :
1
= [ 2 – 2] = 0 (a) bonding π-orbital
2 (b) antibonding π-orbital
Bond Order of Be2 is zero so, it does not exist. (c) 2pz orbital
867. The total number of electrons in all bonding (d) 2px orbital
molecular orbitals of O 22− is ....... . Manipal-2019
2+ −
(Round of to the nearest integer) Ans. (b) : O 2
-
→ O 2 + e
(JEE Main 2021, 27 July Shift-II) O +2 Total e − = 15 = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2p 2z
Ans. 10 : The species is O 22− . The total no. of e– in π2 p 2x = π2 p 2y , π* 2p1x
O 22− is 18. The removal of electron takes place from π*Px orbital
MO configuration = (σ1s)2 (σ *1s) 2 (σ2s) 2 (σ* 2s) 2 which is π- antibonding orbital.
872. Which of the following diatomic molecular
(σ2p z ) 2 (π2p 2 x = π2p 2 y ) (π * 2p 2 x = π * 2p 2 y ) species has only π bonds according to
The bonding molecular orbital contains the 10 electron. molecular orbital theory?
(a) Be2 (b) O2
868. The bond stability of N2, N −2 and N 22− varies as (c) N2 (d) C2
(a) N 2 < N 2− < N 22− (b) N −2 < N 2 < N 22− NEET-2019
2− −
(c) N 2 < N 2 < N 2 − 2−
(d) N 2 < N 2 < N 2 Ans. (d) : The total number of electrons in C2 molecule
is 12. The molecular orbital electronic configuration of
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 21.09.2020, Shift-I C is (σ1s)2 (σ*1s)2 (σ2s)2 (σ*2s)2 (π2p 2 = π2p 2 ) .
2 x y
Ans. (c) : Stability of a molecule is related with bond
Thus, C 2 has only π bonds according to MOT.
order as:
873. Assertion: NH -2 has a square planar shape. Ans. (d) : The given species is O2. The total number of
Reason: Species which involve dsp2 electron in O2 is 16. The molecular orbital configuration
hybridization have square pyramidal structure. is (σ1s)2 (σ*1s)2 (σ2s)2 (σ*2s)2 (σ2pz) 2
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and (π2p2x = π2p2y) (π*2p1x = π*2p1y). Hence, antibonding
molecular orbital contains the 6 electron.
Assertion 876. The molecule (ion) having one unpaired
electron is :
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but (a) NO (b) CO
Reason is not the correct explanation of (c) CN– (d) O2
Assertion. Manipal-2017
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
Ans. (a) : NO (total e − = 7 +8 + = 15) = σ1s2, σ*1s2,
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect
AIIMS-26 May,2018 (M) σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2pz2, π2 p 2x = π2 p 2y , π*2 p1x
Unpaired electron = 1
Ans. (d): The hybridization of NH −2 is sp3 with two
(b) CO (total e − = 14) = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2 , σ*2s2
lone pair The structure of NH −2 is given below –
π2 p 2x = π2 p 2y , σ2p 2z
Unpaired electron = 0
(c) CN (Total e − =14) =is isoelectronic with CO.
Hence, it has 0 unpaired electron
V– Shaped or Bent shape
2 (d) O2 (Total e − = 16) σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2
Species which involve dsp hybridization have square
planer geometry whereas the molecules having the sp3d2 σ2pz2, π2 p 2x = π2 p 2y ,π*2 p1x = π*2 p1y
hybridization with one lone pair has the square Unpaired e − = 2
pyramidal structure.
877. Which one of the molecular species has
874. According to molecular orbital theory which of
unpaired electrons?
the following statement about the magnetic
character and bond order is correct regarding (a) N2 (b) N 22+
O +2 (c) N 2–2 (d) O 2– 2
COMEDK-2016
(a) Paramagnetic and Bond order < O2
−
(b) Paramagnetic and Bond order > O2 N 2 (total e =14) : σ1s , σ 1s , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 ,
2 * 2
Ans. (c) :
(c) Diamagnetic and Bond order < O2
(d) Diamagnetic and Bond order > O2
( π2p2x = π2p2y ) , σ2p2z
BITSAT-2018
N 22+ (totale − =12) : σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 ( π2p 2x = π2p 2y )
Ans. (b) : O 2 : σ1s , σ 1s , σ2s , σ 2s , σ2pz2
2 * 2 2 * 2
N 22− (totale− =16) : σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ 2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , ( π2p x2 = π2p 2y ) , σ2p z2 ,
π2p 2x = π2p 2y , π* 2p1x = π* 2p1y
( π 2p
* 1
x = π* 2p1y )
10 − 6
Bond order = =2
2
O 22− (totale− =18) : σ1s2 , σ*1s 2 , σ 2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , σ 2p z2 , ( π2p 2x = π2p 2y )
(two unpaired electrons in antibonding molecular
orbital) ( π 2p
* 2
x = π* 2p 2y )
O +2 : σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , σ2p 2z Here, N 22− contains the two unpaired electron.
π2p 2x = π2p 2y π* 2p1x π* 2p0y 878. The total number of antibonding electrons in
N2 and O2 molecules respectively is
10 − 5 (a) 4, 6 (b) 6, 8
Bond order = = 2.5
2 (c) 5, 8 (d) 4, 8
(One unpaired electron in antibonding molecular AP EAMCET (Medical) - 2013
orbital) Ans. (a) : The species are N2 and O2.
+
Hence O2 as well as O 2 both are paramagnetic, and Total electron in N2 = 14
Molecular electronic configuration of N2 =
bond order of O +2 is greater than that of O2. σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , π2p 2x = π2p 2y , σ2p 2z
875. According to MOT, O2 is paramagnetic in ∴ Antibonding electron = 4
nature, what is the number of electrons in Total electron in O2 = 16
antibonding molecular orbitals? Molecular electronic configuration of O2 =
(a) 8 (b) 7 σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s2 , σ* 2s2 , σ2pz2 , π2px2 = π2p2y , π* 2p1x = π* 2p1y
(c) 9 (d) 6
AMU-2017 ∴ Antibonding electron = 6
879. Using MOT, which of the following pairs 884. Molecular orbital theory was proposed by
denote paramagnetic species? (a) Lewis (b) Mulliken
(a) B2 and C2 (b) B2 and O2 (c) Slater (d) Pauling
(c) N2 and C2 (d) O2 and O 2– AP- EAMCET(Medical) -2010
2
Ans. (b): Molecular Orbital Theory (MOT) was
BITSAT-2013 developed by F. Hund and R.S. Mulliken in 1932.
Ans. (b) : B2 and O2 are paramagnetic due to presence • Lewis was best known for his discovery of the
of unpaired electron. MO configuration of B2 is : covalent bond and his concept of electron pairs. His
σ1s 2 σ *1s 2 σ2s 2 σ * 2s 2 π2p1x = π2p1y Lewis dot structure and other contributions to
valence bond theory have shaped modern theories
MO configuration of O2 is : of chemical bonding.
σ1s 2 σ *1s 2 σ 2s 2 σ * 2s 2 σ2p z2 π2p 2x • Slater's rules provide numerical values for the
effective nuclear charge in a many electron atom.
= π2p 2y π * 2p1x = π * 2p1y
• Pauling was the scientist who gave scale of
880. The ground state electronic configuration of electroelectronegativity.
CO molecule is 885. Which is false statement about LCAO?
(a) 1σ 2 2σ 21π 4 3σ 2 (b) 1σ 2 2σ 2 3σ 21π 2 2π2 (a) Addition of atomic orbitals result in
(c) 1σ 2σ 1π 3σ 2π
2 2 2 2 2
(d) 1σ 21π2 2σ 2 2σ 2 molecular orbitals.
(b) Atomic orbitals of nearly same energy
WB-JEE-2013 combine to form molecular orbitals.
Ans. (a) : CO molecule contains the 14 electron in (c) Bonding molecular orbitals occupy higher
ground state. The molecular orbital configuration of CO energy than atomic orbitals.
is (σ1s)2 (σ*1s)2 (σ2s)2 (σ*2s)2 (π2p 2x = π2p 2y ) (σ2pz)2. (d) Each molecular orbital accommodates
maximum no of two electrons.
881. The number of molecular orbitals obtained by J & K CET-2010
mixing two atomic orbitals from each of the
Ans. (c) : The linear combination of atomic orbital’s to
atoms is:
form molecular orbital’s takes place only if the
(a) 2 (b) 3 following conditions are satisfied-
(c) 4 (d) 6 (i) Two or more than two atomic orbital combination
MPPET-2012 to form molecular orbital’s
Ans. (a) : Due to hybridized orbitals of atoms, if 'n' (ii) The combining atomic orbitals must have the same
number of orbitals are combined, then the number of or nearly the same energy.
orbitals formed would also be equal to 'n'. (iii) Bonding molecular orbital’s occupy less energy
• One bonding orbital & one anti-bonding orbital, when than atomic orbital’s
two '1s' orbitals combine – (iv) Each molecular orbital fits in with maximum no.
of two electrons.
886. Which one of the following is paramagnetic
(a) O2 (b) N2
(c) He (d) NH3
MPPET-2009
Ans. (a) : Paramagnetism is due to the presence of
882. The molecule having one unpaired electron is: unpaired electrons in the material.
(a) CO (b) O2 According to molecular orbital theory–
(c) N2 (d) NO σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , σ2p z2 , π2p2x = π2p 2y ,
MPPET-2012
s π* 2p1x = π* 2p1y
Ans. (d) : (i) : C = O : &&
(ii) O = O &&
&& && O2 is paramagnetic because antibonding molecular
&&
(iii) N ≡ N && (iv) N&& = O&& (one unpaired e–) orbital has 2 unpaired electron.
& && 887. The correct statement with regard to H 2+ and
883. According to molecular orbital theory, the total
number of bonding electron pairs in O2 is H 2− is:
(a) 2 (b) 3 (a) both H +2 and H −2 are equally stable
(c) 5 (d) 4
AP EAMCET (Engg.)-2012 (b) both H +2 and H −2 do not exist
Ans. (c) : According to molecular orbital theory (c) H −2 is more table than H +2
molecular orbital configuration of O2 is – (d) H +2 is more stable than H −2
(
O 2 16e −
) = σ1s , σ 1s , σ2s , σ 2s , 2p
2 * 2 2 * 2 2
z , Karnataka-CET, 2009
π2p = π2p , σ2p ,π 2p1y = π* 2p1
2 2 2 * 1
x y z Ans. (d) : H +2 : σ1s1 , σ* s 0 Bond order =
∴ Number of bonding electrons = 10 2
and number of bonding electron pairs = 5 + 2 −1 1
2 * 1
H 2 : σ1s , σ s Bond order = =
and Number of antibonding electrons = 6 2 2
The bond order of H +2 and H −2 are same but H +2 is more Ans. (b) : The chemical formula of oxygen is O2. The
− total number of electron in oxygen is 16.
stable than H . It is due to the presence of one electron
2
The molecular orbital configuration of O2 is
in the antibonding molecular orbital in H −2 . σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2p2z, π2 p 2x = π2 p 2y
888. Which of the following is correct based on
Molecular orbital theory for peroxide ion? π*2 p1x =π*2 p1y
(a) Its bond order is two and it is diamagnetic From the above configuration it is clear that the last
(b) Its bond order is one and it is paramagnetic electron goes to the π*2Px=π*2Py which has two
(c) Its bond order is two and it is paramagnetic unpaired electron and shows the paramagnetic
(d) Its bond order is one and it is diamagnetic character.
GUJCET-2007 892. Number of unpaired eletronis in O2 molecule
Ans. (d) : The chemical formula of peroxide ion is O 22− is:
Total electron = 16+2 = 18 (a) zero (b) one
Molecular electronic configuration of (c) two (d) four
O 22− = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , σ2p 2 UP CPMT-2005
Ans. (c) : Write the electronic configuration of O2
π2px2 = π2py2 , σ2pz2 ,π* 2p 2y = π* 2p 2 according to molecular orbital theory to find the number
of unpaired electrons in it.
no. of bonding electron–no. of antibonding electron O2 = (total e– = 8+8 =16)
Bond order =
2 = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2 p 2z , π2 p 2x = π2 p 2y ,
10–8 π* 2p1x = π * 2p1y ∴ number of unpaired electrons =2
Bond order = =1
2
So, its bond order is one and it is diamagnetic in nature. 893. Which of the following molecules have
unpaired electrons in antibonding molecular
889. One of the following examples exhibit transient
orbitals?
existence
(a) O2 (b) N2
(a) H (b) H 2+ (c) C2 (d) B2
(c) H + (d) He J & K CET-2002
J & K CET-2007 Ans. (a) : O 2 (Total e − =16) = (σ1s2) (σ*1s2) (σ2s2)
Ans. (c) : H+ has the zero bond order due to which we (σ*2s2) (σ2 p 2z ) (π2 p 2x = π2 p 2y )
can say that H+ is not stable or exhibit transient
* 1 * 2
existence and H +2 has the positive value of bond order. (π 2 p y =π 2 p y )
Hence, it is stable. Unpaired e- in ABMO = 2
890. Molecular orbital electronic configuration of X (b) (N2 Total e − 14) = (σ1s2) (σ*1s2) (σ2s2)
anion is
(σ*2s2 ) (π2 p 2x =π2 p 2y ) (σ2 p 2z )
KK(σ2s)2 (σ∗2s)2 (π2px)2(π2py) 2(σ2pz) 2(π∗2px)1
Then anion X is – Unpaired e- in ABMO = 0
(a) N 2– (b) O 2– (c) C2 (Total e − =12) = (σ1s2) (σ*1s2) (σ2s2)
(c) N 2– (d) O 2– (σ*2s2) (π2 p 2x =π2 p 2y )
2 2
AMU-2005 Unpaired e- = in ABMO = 0
Ans. (a) : The given molecular orbital electronic (d) B2 (total e − =10) = (σ1s2) (σ*1s2) (σ2s2)
configuration of X anion is K K- σ2s2, σ*2s2, π2px2, (σ*2s2) (π2 p1x =π2 p1y )
π2py2, σ2pz2, π*2px1,. The anion contains the 15
electron on molecule orbital configuration. Unpaired e– in ABMO = 0
(a) N2– ⇒ (total e –) = 14 + 1 = 15 Here, O2 has tow unpaired electron in antibonding
(b) O2– ⇒ (total e – )= 16 + 1 = 17 molecular orbital ABMO
(c) N2– ⇒ (total e –) = 14 + 2 = 16 894. Which of the following is paramagnetic?
(d) O22– ⇒ Total e – = 16 + 2 = 18 (a) N2O4 (b) NO
Hence, anion X is N2–. (c) N2O3 (d) N2
891. Paramagnetism of oxygen is explained on the AP EAMCET- 1995
basis of its electronic configuration of: Ans. (b) : From the Molecular orbital theory–
( π 2p ) ( π 2p ) NO (totale − = 15) = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , σ2p 2z , π2p 2x =
1 1
(a) (2π*x )(2πy )1 (b) *
x
*
y
π2p 2y , π* 2p1x = π* 2p y
(c) (2σ*s )1 ( 2π y ) ( 2σ ) ( 2 π )
* 1
1 1
(d) s y
Hence, last e goes to in anti bonding as an unpaired e–.
–
JCECE-2005 So, NO is paramagnetic in nature.

895. The ground state electronic configuration of Ans. (b): Oxygen molecule is paramagnetic because it
valence shell electrons in nitrogen molecule contains two unpaired electrons in the anti bonding
(N2) is written as KK, σ2s2, σ*2s2, π2p2x = π2py2. state. The molecular orbital configuration of O2 is–
σ2pz2. Hence the bond order in nitrogen
molecule is σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s2 , σ* 2s2 , σ2pz2 , π2px2 = π2p2y , π* 2p1x = π* 2p1y
(a) 2 (b) 3 Here, O2 has the two unpaired electron.
(c) 0 (d) 1 898. In He2, the electrons in bonding and
NEET-1995 antibonding orbitals are
N − Na (a) 2, 2 (b) 4, 2
Ans. (b) : Bond order = = b (c) 4, 0 (d) 2, 4
2
Where- Nb = no. of bonding electron J & K CET-2015
Na = no. of antibonding electron Ans. (a) : The total number of electron in He2 is 4. The
10 − 4 molecular orbital configuration of He2 is (σ1s)2 (σ*1s)2
∴ Bond order of N 2 = =3 He2 contains the two electrons in bonding as well as
2
Hence, the bond order of N2 is 3 antibonding orbital.
896. Using MO theory, predict which of the 899. Using MOT, compare O +2 and O −2 species and
following species has the shortest bond length? choose the incorrect option
(a) O 2+
2 (b) O +2 (a) O +2 have higher bond order than O −2
(c) O 2 (d) O 22 (b) O −2 is less stable
AIEEE 2009
(c) O +2 is diamagnetic while O −2 is paramagnetic
Ans. (a) : The bond length of molecule is inversely
proportional to the bond order. First of all we calculate (d) Both O +2 and O −2 are paramagenetic
the bond order of given species– Karnataka-CET-2015
(a) O 22+ (totale− 16 − 2 = 14) Ans. (c) : The species are O2+ and O2
= (σ1s)2 (σ *1s) 2 (σ2s) 2 (σ * 2s)2 (π2p 2 x = π2p 2 y ) (i) O2+ (Total e– = 15)
(σ2p ) 2 MO configuration = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2pz2 ,
z
10 − 4 π2 p 2x =π2 p 2y , π*2 p1y

B.O. = =3
2 N b − N a 10 − 5
(b) O +2 (totale − = 16 − 1 = 15) Bond order = = = 2.5
2 2
= (σ1s)2 (σ *1s) 2 (σ2s) 2 (σ * 2s)2 (σ2p z ) 2 (π2p 2 x = π2p 2 y ) Unpaired electron = 1 (paramagnetic)
(ii) O2- (Total e– = 16+1=17)
(π * 2p1x )
MO configuration = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2p 2z
10 − 5
B.O. = = 2.5 π2 p 2x = π2 p 2y , π*2 p 2x = π*2 p1y
2
− −
(c) O 2 (totale = 16 + 1 = 17) 10 − 7
Bond order = = 1.5
= (σ1s) (σ *1s) (σ2s) (σ * 2s) (2p z ) (π2p x = π2p y )
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Unpaired electron = 1 (paramagnetic)
(π * 2p 2 x = π * 2p1y ) The incorrect option is (c) because both species are
10 − 7 paramagnetic in nature.
B.O. = = 1.5 900. KO2 exhibits paramagnetic behaviour. This is
2
2− −
(d) O 2 (totale = 18) = (σ1s) (σ *1s) (σ2s) (σ * 2s)
2 2 2 2 due to the paramagnetic nature of
(a) KO– (b) K+
(σ2p z ) 2 (π2p 2 x = π2p 2 y ) (π * 2p 2 x = π * 2p 2 y ) (c) O2 (d) O2–
10 − 8 AP-EAMCET (Engg.) - 2014
B.O. = =1
2 Ans. (d) : KO 2 exhibits paramagnetic behaviour
–
The molecule which has the maximum bond order, because oxygen exists as O2 ions.
having the shortest bond length. O22+ has the shortest –
O2 = σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , σ2p2z ,
bond length.
897. Oxygen molecule is paramagnetic because π2p 2x = π2p2y , π* 2p x2 = π* 2p1y
(a) Bonding electrons are more than anti-bonding Due to the presence of 1 unpaired electron in anti-bonding
electrons molecular orbital, it is paramagnetic in behaviour.
(b) It contains two unpaired electrons
(c) Anti-bonding electrons are more than bonding 901. In case of hetero nuclear diatomics of the type
electrons AB, where A is more electronegative than B.
(d) Bonding electrons are equal to anti bonding bonding molecular orbital resembles the
electrons character of A more than that of B. The
SCRA-2015 statement
(a) is false Li −2 (totale − = 7) = (σ1s)2 (σ*1s) 2 (σ2s) 2 (σ* 2s)1
(b) is true
(c) cannot be evaluated since data is not 4−3
Bond order = = 0.5
sufficient 2
+
(d) is true only for certain systems Here, Li 2 has two electron in antibonding molecular
WB-JEE-2014 orbital whereas Li +2 has 3 electron in ABMO. The
Ans. (b) : Electronegativity is the tendency of an species which have less electron in ABMO are more
element to attract a shared pair of electrons towards
itself. Heteronuclear diatomic molecules have atoms stable. Li −2 is least stable than Li −2 .
with different electronegativities and hence tend to
become polarized. In a heteronuclear diatomic molecule
AB, where A is more electronegative then B. Since the 10. Formal Charge
electrons shift more towards A due to its more
electronegative character hence bonding molecular 904. The formal charge on the central oxygen atom
orbital resembles the character of A more than that of B. in O3 molecule is
902. According to molecular orbital theory, which (a) 0 (b) +1
of the following will not be a viable molecule? (c) –1 (d) –2
COMEDK-2016
(a) He 22+ (b) He +2
Ans. (b) : The Lewis dot structure of O3 is
(c) H −2 (d) H 22−
JEE Main 2018
Ans. (d) : A positive bond order (i.e. Nb> Na) means a Formal charge on central oxygen atom
stable molecule while negative (i.e. Nb<Na) or zero Formal charge = (Total no. of valence electron in free
(i.e. Nb=Na) bond order means an unstable molecule. 1
(a) He 22+ (totale − = 2) = (σ1s) 2 atom) – (lone pair) – (total no. of bonding electrons)
2
Nb − Na 2 − 0 1
Bond order = = =1 F.C = 6 – ×6 – 2 = +1
2 2 2
(b) He +2 (totale − = 3) = (σ1s) 2 (σ *1s)1 905. The formal charges of N(1), N(2) and O atoms in
.. ..
2 −1 : N == N == O : are respectively
Bond order = = 0.5 1 2
2 (a) +1,–1, 0 (b) –1,+1,0
(c) H −2 (totale − = 3) = (σ1s) 2 (σ *1s)1 (c) +1,+1,0 (d) –1,–1,0
BCECE-2014
2 −1
Bond order = = 0.5 Ans. (b) : The formal charge of N (1) , N (2) and O atom in
2 N(1) = N(2) = O are–
(d) H 22− (totale − = 4) = (σ1s)2 (σ *1s) 2 Formal charge = (Total no. of valence electron in free
N − Na 2 − 2 1
Bond order = b = =0 atom) – (lone pair) – (total no. of bonding electrons)
2 2 2
2−
In N atom marked 1,
H 2 has the zero bond order. It will not be a viable 1
molecule. Formal charge (N1) = 5 – 4 – (4)
2
903. According to molecular orbital theory, which =5–4–2
of the following is true with respect to Li +2 and = –1
Li 2 ? 1
Formal charge (N2) = 5 – 0 – (8)
(a) Both are unstable 2
(b) Li +2 is unstable and Li 2 is stable =5–4
= +1
(c) Both are stable
1
+
(d) Li 2 is stable and Li 2 is unstable Formal charge of O atom = 6 – 4 – (4)
2
JEE Main 2019 =6–4–2
Ans. (d) : The stability of molecule is depend upon the =0
mathematical value of bond order. Thus, the formal charge of N(1), N(2), O atoms are –1,
N b > N a  → Stable molecule +1, 0 respectively.
N b = N a 
→ Unstable molecule 906. The formal charges of C and O atoms in
+ − && = C = O
CO 2 (:O && :) are, respectively
Li (totale = 5) = (σ1s) (σ *1s) (σ2s)
2
2 2 1
]
(a) 1, –1 (b) –1, 1
N b − Na 3 − 2
Bond order = = = 0.5 (c) 2, –2 (d) 0, 0
2 2 AP EAMCET (Engg.) - 2012

Ans. (d)
Formal charge = (total no. of valance e– present in
atom) – (total no. of non bonding e– present in atom) –
1 (B)
(total no. of Bonding e– present in atom)
2
Formal charge on C in CO2 -
total no. of valance e– = 4
total no. of non- Bonding e– = 0
Total no of Bonding e– = 8
1 3
F.C = 4 – 0 – × 8 4πr 2R 2 n,l(r)
2
=4–4=0 2
F.C = 0 (C)
Formal charge on C is 0. 1
Formal charge on O in CO2 -
total no. of valance e– = 6 0
total no. of non- Bonding e– = 4 5 10
Total no of Bonding e– = 4 r(A)
1
F.C. of O = 6 – 4 – × 4
2
=6–6=0
Formal charge on O is 0 (zero) (D)
907. The formal charges of N (1), N( 2) and O atoms in
are respectively
(a) +1, −1,0
(b) −1, +1,0
(c) +1, +1,0 The correct plot for 3s orbital is :
(a) A (b) B
(d) −1, −1,0 (c) C (d) D
AP-EAMCET- (Engg.)-2011 JEE Main 25-02-2021, Shift-I
Ans. (b) : Formal charge (FC) = Valence electron– Ans. (d) : For 3s orbital-
1
Lonepair − bond pair No. of radial nodes = n – λ –1
2 Q n = 3 and λ = 0 (for s – subshell)
For ∴ No. of radial nodes = 3 – 0 – 1= 2
Which is correctly matched by option (d).
1
For N (1) = 5 − 4 − × 4 = –1 909. Valence bond theory of L. Pauling and J.C.
2 Slater accounts for ......... characteristics of
1 covalent bond.
For N ( 2) = 5– 0 – ( 8 ) = +1
2 (a) directional (b) non-directional
1 (c) sharing (d) None of these
For O = 6– 4 – ( 4 ) = 0 AP-EAMCET-1993
2
Ans. (a): Valence Bond Theory (VBT) of L. Pauling
and J.C. Slater accounts for directional characteristics of
11. Valence Bond Theory covalent bond.
• The covalent bond formed between two atom by the
908. The plots of radial distribution functions for sharing of electron.
various orbitals of hydrogen atom against ‘r’ • The ionic bond are non-directional in nature.
are given below : 910. In case of nitrogen, NCl3 is possible but not
NCl5 while case of phosphorus, PCl3 as well as
PCl5 are possible. It is due to
(a) availability of vacant d orbitals in P but not in N
(A) (b) lower electronegativity of P than N
(c) lower tendency of H-bond formation in P than
N
(d) occurrence of P in solid while N in gaseous
state at room temperature.
VITEEE-2018

Ans. (a) : Phosphorus belongs to the 3rd period which • The cycloheptatrienyl cation is easily formed by
contains the vacant d–orbital but in the case of N, it's treating the corresponding alcohol with dilute
not contains the d-orbital because this is belongs to the(0.01N) aqueous sulfuric acid.
second period. • The cycloheptatrienyl cation is commonly known as
2 2 3 2 2 6 2 3 0
7N = 1s 2s 2p 15P = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d the tropylium ion.
914. Which one of the following energy is stored in
the links between the atoms ?
12. Types of Overlapping and (a) Nuclear energy (b) Chemical energy
Nature of Covalent Bonds (c) Potential energy (d) Thermal energy
NDA (I)-2019
911. Main axis of diatomic molecule is z. The Ans : (b) Chemical energy is stored in the links
orbitals px and py overlap to form between the atoms.
(a) π-molecular orbital • Potential energy is the energy which possess due to
(b) σ- molecular orbital virtue of its position.
(c) δ- molecular orbital • Nuclear energy is stored in the nucleus of an atom.
(d) No bond is formed • Thermal energy is the energy which possess due to
Karnataka-CET-2016 movement of the particles within the object or
NEET-2001 system.
Ans. (d) : The shape of the P-orbital is dumbell. 915. The number of σ and π-bonds in 2-
According to the question- formylbenzoic acid are respectively.
(a) 10, 3 (b) 14, 3
(c) 12, 5 (d) 17, 5
MHT CET-02.05.2019, Shift-II
Ans. (d) : The structure of 2-formyl benzoic acid is
given below-
px and py are perpendicular to each other due to which

they cannot overlap and no bond will be form.
912. Identify the species having one π-bond and
maximum number of canonical forms from the
following
(a) SO3 (b) O2
(c) SO2 (d) CO32−
There are 17σ and 5π bonds present in 2-formyl
(JEE Main 2021, 25 July Shift-II) benzoic acid.
Ans. (d) : The structure of CO32− is given below : 916. The number of pi-bonds present in benzoic
acid molecule are
(a) 5 (b) 4
(c) 3 (d) 6
MHT CET-03.05.2019, Shift-I
Ans. (b) : The structure of benzoic acid is given below :
The above structure contains the one π-bond.
913. The total number of overlapping p-orbitals
present in cycloheptatrienyl cation is
(a) 4 (b) 5
(c) 6 (d) 7
TS-EAMCET (Engg.), 06.08.2021
Ans. (c):
There are four pi bond present in above structure.

917. A π-bond is formed by side way overlapping of
(a) s-s orbitals (b) s-p orbitals
• The cycloheptatrienyl cation has 6 pi electrons and an (c) p-p orbitals (d) s-p-s orbitals
empty p orbital. J & K CET-2019
Ans. (c) : In the formation of π−bond the atomic Ans. (a) :
orbitals overlap in such a way that their axes remain Species Bond Length (pm)
parallel to each other and perpendicular to the C–C 154
internuclear axis. The orbitals formed due to sidewise C–H 107
overlapping consists of two saucer type charged clouds
C–N 143
above and below the plane of the participating atoms.
C–O 143
918. Among the following compounds of boron, the C – C has the longest covalent bond distance.
species which also forms π-bond in addition to
921. Which one of the following statements is
σ-bonds is
correct?
(a) BH3 (b) B2H6
(a) Hybrid orbitals do not form σ bonds
(c) BF3 (d) BF4− (b) Lateral overlap of p-orbitals of p-orbitals and
UPTU/UPSEE-2017 d-orbitals produces π − bonds
Ans. (c) : Boron trifluoride has planar structure. Boron (c) The strength of bonds follows the order
has an empty p-orbital, while fluorine has a lone pair of σ p − p < σ s −s < π p − p
electrons in its p-orbital. As a result, boron is a Lewis
(d) s-orbitals do not form σ bonds
acid, while fluorine is a Lewis base. Back bonding is a
form of bonding in which fluorine donates a lone pair of AP-EAMCET (Engg.)-2013
electrons to boron atoms. Ans. (b) :
(i) Hybrid orbital only head on overlapping to form σ
bonds.
(ii) Lateral overlap of p–orbital and d–orbitals produces
π − bonds.
(iii) Head on overlapping is stronger than sideways
overlapping. The strength of order is –
πp-p < σs−s < σ p−p
(iv) s-orbitals are spherically and thus show only head
919. In the formation of π -bond, the atomic on overlapping to form σ bond.
orbitals overlap in such a way that 922. Which of the following represents the zero
(a) their axes remain parallel to each other and overlap?
perpendicular to the internuclear axis
(b) their axes remain parallel to each other and (a)
parallel to the internuclear axis
(c) their axes remain perpendicular to each other
and parallel to the internuclear axis
(d) their axes remain perpendicular to each other
and perpendicular to the internuclear axis. (b)
J & K CET-2014
Ans. (a) : The π bond formed when the atomic orbitals
overlap in such a manner that their axes remain parallel
to each other and perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
(c)
920. Which one of the following has longest covalent (d)

bond distance?
(a) C–C (b) C–H
(c) C–N (d) C–O
AP EAMCET (Engg.) -2014 AMU-2013

Ans. (d) : The covalent bond may be classified into two 925. The number of sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds
types depending upon the types of overlapping: present in 1, 3, 5, 7-octatetraene respectively
(i) Head on overlap are
(a) 14 and 3 (b) 17 and 4
(ii) Side wise overlapping.
(c) 16 and 5 (d) 15 and 4
(i) (e) 16 and 3
Kerala-CEE-2012
Ans. (b) : The structure of 1,3,5,7 octatetraene is given
below-
(ii)
There are 17σ and 4π-bond.

926. The enolic form of acetone contains
(a) 9 sigma bonds, 2 pi bonds and 1 lone pair
When two atoms came closer to each other, there is (b) 9 sigma bonds, 1 pi bonds and 2 lone pairs
overlapping of atomic orbitals. This overlap may be (c) 8 sigma bonds, 2 pi bonds and 2 lone pairs
positive, negative or zero depending upon the properties (d) 10 sigma bonds, 1 pi bonds and 1 lone pair
AMU-2012
of overlapping of atomic orbitals.
Ans. (b) : The chemical formula of enolic form of
923. Which of the following species contains equal acetone is-
number of a σ and π-bonds>?
(a) (CN)2 (b) (CH)2(CN)2
(c) HCO–3 (d) XeO4
NEET-2013
Ans. (d) :
927. The number of sigma (σ) and pi (π) covalent

bonds respectively in benzene nitrile are.....
(a) 5, 13 (b) 15, 3
(c) 13, 5 (d) 16, 2
GUJCET-2011
Ans. (c):
Number of σ bonds = 13
Number of π bonds = 5
928. Consider the following molecule:
924. Which one of the following molecules contains
no π bond?
(a) SO2 (b) NO2 What are the number of sigma and pi bonds
(c) CO2 (d) H2O present in the above molecule respectively?
NEET-2013 (a) 20, 6 (b) 18, 5
(c) 15, 5 (d) 14, 4
Ans. (d) : The species are given below:
SCRA-2010
Ans. (a) :
Here, H2O has not any π bond. There are 20 σ and 6π bonds.

929. The type of bonds present in sulphuric (c) Free rotation of atoms about a sigma-bond is
anhydride are allowed but not in case of a pi-bond.
(a) 3σ and three pπ – dπ (d) Sigma-bond determines the direction between
(b) 3σ one pπ – pπ and two pπ – dπ carbon atoms but a pi-bond has no primary
(c) 2σ and three pπ – dπ effect in this regard
(d) 2σ and two pπ – dπ NEET-2003
BITSAT-2009
Ans. (b) : Sigma bond is stronger than pi bond because
VITEEE- 2009
of maximum overlapping extent. Bond energy of sigma
Ans. (b) : The formula of sulphuric anhydride is SO3
and its structure is as follows : and pi bonds are not of the order of 264 kJ/mol and 347
kJ/mol respectively. The bond energy of C – C is 347
kJ/mol and of C = C is 619 kJ/mol.
The rotation of σ bond take place in room temperature.
934. What is the number of sigma (σ) and pi (π)
bonds present in sulphuric acid molecule?
⇒ 3σ, 1pπ-pπ, 2 pπ-dπ bond are present. (a) 6σ, 2π (b) 6σ, 0π
930. The number of sigma and pi bonds in (c) 2σ, 4π (d) 2σ, 2π
peroxodisulphuric acid are, respectively AP-EAMCET (Medical), 2002
(a) 9 and 4 (b) 11 and 4 Ans. (a) : The chemical formula of the sulfuric acid is
(c) 4 and 8 (d) 4 and 9 H2SO4. The structure is given below –
AP EAMCET-2008
Ans. (b) : The molecular formula of peroxodisulphuric
acid is H2S2O7.
935. Which statement is not correct?

(a) A sigma bond is weaker than a pi bond
(b) A sigma bond is stronger than a pi bond
In peroxodisulphuric acid, 11σ-bond and 4 π-bond are (c) A double bond is stronger than a single bond
present. (d) A double bond is shorter than a single bond
931. Non-directional orbital is : NEET-1990
(a) 4p (b) 4d Ans. (a) : (a) A sigma bond is stronger than the pi
(c) 4f (d) 3s bonds.
BCECE-2006 (b) A sigma bond is stronger than a pi bond because the
Ans. (d) : Shape of s, p, d orbitals are spherical, overlapping of orbitals take place to a larger extent.
dumbell, double dumbell respectively and the shape of f (c) The bond length of double and single bond are
orbital is quite complex. The s-orbitals are spherical in
shape and hence non-directional in nature. 1.34A° and 1.54A° respectively. From the data, it is
clear that the distance between two atom is small and
932. In [Ag(CN2)] −, the number of π bonds is: makes the bond stronger.
(a) 2 (b) 3 (d) The bond length of double bond is 1.34 A° and
(c) 4 (d) 6 single bond length is 1.54A°.
AIIMS-2006
936. Which of the following does not apply to
Ans. (c): The structure of [Ag(CN)2]– is given below:
metallic bond?
(a) Overlapping valence orbitals
(b) Mobile valence electrons
(c) Delocalized electrons
(d) Highly directed bonds
NEET-1989
Ans. (d) : The metallic bonds are formed when the
933. Which one of the following statement is not electron of valence shell of valence orbital overlaps to
correct for sigma and pi-bonds formed between each other. In metals, there is huge number of mobile
two carbon atoms? electron moving in microscopic level. The electrons are
(a) Sigma-bond is stronger than a pi-bond delocalized over a rigid lattice of metal ions in a
(b) Bond energies of sigma and pi-bonds are of metallic bond. Metals having free electrons as mobile
the order of 264 kJ/mol and 347 kJ/mol, electrons due to which metallic bond does not have
respectively directional property.

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04.

Chemical Bonding and

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 303 YCT

The hybridisation is sp3d2. SF6 molecule has octahedral geometry.

sp2 (triangular planar.)

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 304 YCT

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 305 YCT

Hybridization of SeF4 is sp3d and geometry is see-saw

(ii) PF5 F (d) NH 3 

S sp3 sp3 sp3

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 306 YCT

Ans. (b) : The structure of H2O is V-shaped or bent

34. The hybridization and geometry in N(SiH3)3,

sp2 (triangular planar.)

= (4 + 1) + 1 (i) CO2 (ii) CH4 (iii) CO32–

The hybridization of XeOF2 is sp3d

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 308 YCT

The geometry of XeF4 is octahedral. It has sp3d2

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 311 YCT

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 312 YCT

In CO2 , CH4 and CH 3+ , the hybridisation of carbon

In SF4 has sp3d hybridisation other has sp3

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 313 YCT

Oxidation state of XeF6 has

The state of hybridization of SF4 is sp3d and has a

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 314 YCT

95. Assertion (A) : CO2 is linear

Hence, the CO32– is not tetrahedral.

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 317 YCT

So, the molecules BF3 has sp2 hybridisation.

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 318 YCT

Hence, the number of compound having N – N bond is 4.

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 319 YCT

Lone pair at equatorial position with two lone pair –

Due to one lone pair, the geometry of XeF6 will be

134. Shape of XeF4 molecule is :

143. Shape and hybridisation of SO2 are

(i) (ii) (iii)

Trigonal bipyramidal (sp3d) NH3 is pyramidal and shape of NH +4 is tetrahedral.

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 322 YCT

160. For N 3− which statement is wrong:

The shape of NH3 molecule.

Linear Bent Linear

So the total number of lone pairs at the central halogen

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 327 YCT

180. Match List-I with List-II

182. In which of the following molecule/ion, all the

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 328 YCT

187. What is the shape of I3− ion ?

185. When SbF5 reacts with XeF4 to for an adduct,

Hybridisation sp3d(Xe) sp3d2 (Sb)

SF4 molecule has see-saw geometry and in SF4

The hybridisation of cyanogen gas is sp . It has a bent

Trigonal planar Tetrahedral Tetrahedral

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 332 YCT

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 333 YCT

2 lone pair + 1 lone pair + 1 lone pair +

231. Assertion: Lone pair- lone pair repulsive

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 335 YCT

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 337 YCT