Measurement

MEASUREMENT
• A polygon is a closed two-dimensional figure composed of

straight-line segments that meet at their endpoints.
• The line segments of polygons are called sides, and each

endpoint is called a vertex.
• Polygons have at least three sides and three angles, and

their sides must be straight, as seen below
 Area is defined as the total space taken up by a
flat (2-D) surface or shape of an object.
 The area of a figure is the number of unit squares

that cover the surface of a closed figure.
 Area is measured in square units like cm² and m²

Example 1
Find the area of the following parallelogram:

Example 2
ABCD is a parallelogram with

DC = 15 cm, h = 8 cm and BF = 9 cm.
Calculate:
1. the area of ABCD
2. the perimeter of ABCD
Right Prisms and Cylinders • A triangular prism has a triangle as its base,
• A rectangular prism has a rectangle as its base,
 A right prism is a geometric solid that has a polygon • A cube is a rectangular prism with all its sides of equal
as its base and vertical sides perpendicular to the length.
base. • A cylinder is another type of right prism which has a circle
as its base.
 The base and top surface are the same shape and
size. Examples of right prisms are given below:
 It is called a “right” prism because the angles a rectangular prism, a cube, a triangular prism and a cylinder
between the base and sides are right angles.
Surface area of a prisms and cylinders A triangular prism unfolded into a net is made up of two
triangles and three rectangles. The sum of the lengths of the
 Surface area is the total area of the exposed or rectangles is equal to the perimeter of the triangles.
outer surfaces of a prism.
 This is easier to understand if we imagine the

prism to be a cardboard box that we can unfold.
 A solid that is unfolded like this is called a net.

A rectangular prism unfolded into a net is made up of six rectangles.
 When a prism is unfolded into a net, we can
clearly see each of its faces.
 In order to calculate the surface area of the

prism, we can then simply calculate the area of
each face, and add them all together.
A cube unfolded into a net is made up of six identical squares.
For example, when a triangular prism is unfolded into a net,

we can see that it has two faces that are triangles and three
faces that are rectangles. To calculate the surface area of the
prism, we find the area of each triangle and each rectangle,
and add them together.
Example 3 1. Calculate the area of the wrapping paper needed to cover the
entire box (assume no overlapping at the corners).
A box of chocolates has the following dimensions: 2. Determine if this same sheet of wrapping paper would be enough
to cover the tin of biscuits
And a cylindrical tin of biscuits has the

following dimensions:
Volume of prisms and cylinders
Volume, sometimes also called capacity, is the

three dimensional space occupied by an object,
or the contents of an object.
It is measured in cubic units.
The volume of a right prism is simply

calculated by multiplying the area of the base
of a solid by the height of the solid.
Example 4
A rectangular glass vase with dimensions 28 cm×18 cm× 8 cm is

used for flower arrangements. A florist uses a plastic cylindrical
jug to pour water into the glass vase. The jug has a diameter of
142 mm and a height of 28 cm.
1. Will the plastic jug hold 5 l of water?

2. Will a full jug of water be enough to fill the glass vase?
PAST EXAM
PRACTISE
QUESTIONS
2023 Gauteng November Paper 2 Q 8
The diagram below represents an open tank with a square base

(side dimensions of x cm) and a height of h cm. The tank has a
volume of 490 cm3.
8.1 Determine the height (h) of the tank in terms of x. (2)

Show that A, the external surface area of the tank, is given by the
formula:
1960 2
𝑥2 + cm
𝑥
(2)
8.3 Given that the tank is 10 cm high, calculate the external
surface area of the tank. (4)
2018 November Paper 2 Q 8
The diagram below shows a cone with a perpendicular height

of h cm , a radius of r cm and a slant height of 13 cm
8.1 Show that the volume of the cone is given by:

169𝜋ℎ − 𝜋ℎ3
V=
3
(4)
8.2 If h=12 cm, determine the total surface area of the cone (3)
2021 Gauteng November Paper 2 Q 8
Consider a community reservoir tank in the shape and form
below, made from a cylinder with a height of 19 m and a
hemisphere (half of sphere) with a radius of 12 m.
8.1 Calculate the volume of the tank.

(Leave the answer in 𝜋.) (6)
8.2 Calculate the total exterior surface area of the tank.
(Round off to the nearest square meter.) (6)
2016 Eastern Cape November Paper 2 Q 7 7.1 Calculate the total surface area of the tank. (5)
The picture below shows a storage tank in which a farmer 7.2 Calculate the volume of the tank (5)
stores his grain. The tank is made up of a right cylinder with a
hemisphere on top. The perpendicular height of the tank to the
top is 7 500 cm and the radius of the tank is 10 m.
2017 November Paper 2 Q 8
A pyramid with a square base with a side length of 16 cm

is sketched below. P lies on the square base directly
below A. The volume of the pyramid is 640 cm3
8.1 Show that the perpendicular height of the pyramid AP is

7,5 cm (2)
8.2 Hence determine the total surface area of the pyramid (4)
2015 Eastern Cape November Paper 2 Q 12 12.1 Calculate the slant height of the triangular face of the pyramid. (3)
12.2 Calculate the area of one of the triangular faces. (3)
The solid in the diagram is made up of a right 12.3 Calculate the total surface area of the solid.
prism with square base, and a right pyramid on TSA = area of slanted faces + area of right prism (5)
top of the prism. The length of the prism is 12
cm, the side of the base is 6 cm and the height
of the pyramid is 8 cm.
2019 Eastern Cape November Paper 2 Q 10 10.1 Determine the surface area of the glass sides of
The Shard, is comprised of an array of glass shards that merge The Shard building. (4)
to form an elongated pyramid. This unusual building is situated 10.2 Determine the angle of inclination of the sloping glass
near the Thames in London and is one of the tallest buildings sides with the horizontal base. (2)
in the UK. The base is a square of 50 m by 50 m and the
perpendicular height is 306 m. Using the formula for the
surface area of a pyramid below, answer the questions which
follow.
2016 November Paper 2 Q 8 8.1 Calculate the perpendicular height AB of the cone (2)
8.2 When the tank is full, an electric pump switches on and
The diagram below shows a water tank which is made up pumps the water into an irrigation system at a rate of
of a cylinder and cone having equal radii. The height of 0,52m2/h. The pump automatically switches of when the
the tank is 1,8 m and the radius is 0,5 m. The angle 1
tank is 4 full.Calculate how long in hours, the pump feeds
between the perpendicular height, AB and the slant
height, AC of the conical section is 35,5°. water into the irrigation system (4)

Measurement

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Measurement

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Measurement

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MEASUREMENT

• A polygon is a closed two-dimensional figure composed of

• The line segments of polygons are called sides, and each

• Polygons have at least three sides and three angles, and

 The area of a figure is the number of unit squares

 Area is measured in square units like cm² and m²

Find the area of the following parallelogram:

ABCD is a parallelogram with

 This is easier to understand if we imagine the

 A solid that is unfolded like this is called a net.

 In order to calculate the surface area of the

For example, when a triangular prism is unfolded into a net,

And a cylindrical tin of biscuits has the

Volume, sometimes also called capacity, is the

It is measured in cubic units.

The volume of a right prism is simply

A rectangular glass vase with dimensions 28 cm×18 cm× 8 cm is

1. Will the plastic jug hold 5 l of water?

The diagram below represents an open tank with a square base

8.1 Determine the height (h) of the tank in terms of x. (2)

The diagram below shows a cone with a perpendicular height

8.1 Show that the volume of the cone is given by:

8.1 Calculate the volume of the tank.

A pyramid with a square base with a side length of 16 cm

8.1 Show that the perpendicular height of the pyramid AP is

You might also like