Chapter2 Short QAs

Chapter # 2 Computational thinking and Algorithms
Short question answers
Q.1 Why do you need to think computationally?

Answer:
A Computers is a machine which used to solve problems. But it cannot think by itself, it needs
a program or set of instruction to solve a problem. In order to write a program for computer a
programmer needs to understand the real world problems, make some solution and then
instruct the computer to behave accordingly. Therefore to instruct a computer a programmer
needs to think computationally.
Q.2 What is the major difference in solving simple problems and complex problems?
Answer:
Simple problems can be solved in following the four steps
1) Define and analyze a problem

2) Design a plan
3) Implement a plan
4) Evaluate the performance of the plan
Complex problems should be broken down into smaller parts to make the problem easier
to solve. It involves following 6 steps
1) Define and analyze a problem

2) Decompose the problem
3) Identify plans for solving each sub-problem
4) Select and design the best plan
5) Implement a plan
6) Evaluate the performance of the plan
Q.3 Why software designers prefer to use IPO charts?
Answer:
Software designers prefer to use IPO charts because of following reasons:
1) Analysis Tool: A computer system works on input process and output model. By using
IPO chart designers can easily analyze the input-processing and output requirements
of a problem.
2) Visualization Tool: IPO chart visually represent the input-processing-Output
requirements.
3) Structured Analysis: IPO charts provide a structured approach to analyzing and
improving systems.
4) Enhanced Communication: The visual nature of IPO charts makes it easier to
engage team members
Q.4 What is the importance of computational thinking?

Answer:
Computational thinking is important because it helps
1) Solve complex problems in a structured, effective, and repeatable way.

2) Break down complex issues into simpler ones.
3) Notice patterns and focus on important details.
4) Devise clear, step-by-step plans to overcome challenges.
5) Can be applied not only to mathematical or technology-related problems, but also to
real-world problems.
Q.5 Write four properties of computational thinking.

Answer:
The properties of computational thinking are as under:
1) Decomposition: Breaking down larger problems into smaller ones.
2) Abstraction: Removing unnecessary details from solution
3) Pattern Recognition: Examine the problem for a pattern
4) Algorithm Design: Creating step by step plan for solving a problem.
Q.6 What is logical thinking state with one example.

Answer:
Logical thinking involves analyze a problem or situation using reasons and reaching up to
decisions that are sensible. It is based on principles of logic. It involves Deductive
Reasoning, Inductive reasoning and Critical thinking.
For example solving puzzles or riddles, identifying patterns and reasoning.

Reasoning
Fact: Bad people don’t follow rules.
Fact: Bob doesn’t follow rules
Conclusion: Bob is Bad
Q.7 What is algorithmic thinking state with one example.

Answer
Algorithmic thinking is also computational thinking which refers to the thought process in
which problems are solved by using computational steps and algorithms. Algorithmic
thinking is a way of getting to a solution through the clear definition of the steps needed.
For example Algorithm to add two numbers

Step 1: Set Three variables A, B and SUM as Integers.
Step 2: Input A
Step 3: Input B
Step 4: Calculate SUM = A + B
Step 5: Output SUM
Note: Algorithm to find the largest of three numbers (Pg#76) of the Book.
Q.8 Differentiate between computational thinking and logical thinking?
Answer:
Computational thinking Logical thinking
Definition: Computational thinking refers to Logical thinking involves analyze a problem
the thought processes in which problems or situation using reasons and reaching up
are solved by using computational steps to decisions that are sensible. It is based on
and algorithms. principles of logic.
It involves Decomposition, Abstraction, It involves Deductive Reasoning, Inductive
Pattern recognition and Algorithmic design reasoning and Critical thinking
Computational thinking aims to create Logical thinking aims to reach conclusions
solutions that can be implemented by that are logically sound and valid.
computers
Q.9 What do you understand by the term Abstraction? State with one example.
Answer:
The process of identifying essential information and removal of unnecessary details is called
abstraction.
A car is a great example of abstraction. We can start a car by turning the key. we don't need
to know how the engine is getting started, what all components your car has. The car internal
implementation and complex logic is completely hidden from the user.
Q.10 What are the methods used to design a solution?

Answer
Following two methods are used for designing solution of a problem.
1) Flow chart:
It is a type of diagram that represents the flow of a program or process. It consists of
box like symbols which are connected with arrows.
2) Concept map.
It is a diagram that represents concepts and relationships between them. Concept
maps are represented as boxes and circles which relates to lines or arrows.

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Chapter # 2 Computational thinking and Algorithms

Short question answers

Q.1 Why do you need to think computationally?

1) Define and analyze a problem

1) Define and analyze a problem

Q.4 What is the importance of computational thinking?

1) Solve complex problems in a structured, effective, and repeatable way.

Q.5 Write four properties of computational thinking.

Q.6 What is logical thinking state with one example.

For example solving puzzles or riddles, identifying patterns and reasoning.

Q.7 What is algorithmic thinking state with one example.

For example Algorithm to add two numbers

Q.10 What are the methods used to design a solution?

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