Arithmetic Standard Two

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Arithmetic
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Standard Two
Pupil’s Book
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Tanzania Institute of Education
ARITHMETICS PUPIL'S STD 2.indd 1 23/07/2021 19:02

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© Tanzania InstituteDO
of NOT DUPLICATE
Education 2019
Published 2019
Reprinted 2021
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ISBN 978-9987-09-016-7
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P.O.Box 35094
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Dar es Salaam
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Tel: +255 735 041 170 / +255 735 041 168

Email: director.tie@tie.go.tz.
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Website: www.tie.go.tz.
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All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be

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copied, printed, transformed or reproduced in any form or

by any means or otherwise without prior permission of the
Tanzania Institute of Education.
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contents
Acknowledgements......................................................iv
Introduction....................................................................v
Chapter One
Revision exercises............................................................ 1
Chapter Two
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Recognizing the number 100........................................... 4
Chapter Three
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Counting, reading and writing numbers
from 101 to 999............................................................ 19
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Chapter Four
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Operations on numbers................................................. 49
Chapter Five
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Recognizing the number 1000....................................... 94
Chapter Six
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Recognizing fractions...................................................102
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Chapter Seven
The Tanzanian currency.............................................. 112
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Chapter Eight
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Recognizing measurements.......................................... 128

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Chapter Nine
Identifying figures........................................................ 138
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Chapter Ten
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Collecting and listing objects....................................... 149
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Acknowledgements
The Tanzania Institute of Education (TIE) would like
to acknowledge the contributions of all the individuals
and organisations who participated in the design and
development of this book.
Writers: Mr Wilhelmi Galishi, Miss Juliana D.
Nyambo, Mr Tresphory Anthony,
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Dr Ratera S. Mayar and Mr Makoye J.
Wangeleja
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Editors: Prof Allen R. Mushi and Dr Makungu
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Mwanzalima
Designer: Mr Katalambula F. Hussein
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Illustrators: Alama Art and Media Production Co. Ltd.
Coordinator: Dr Ratera S. Mayar
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TIE also extends its sincere gratitude to the teachers and
pupils in the primary schools that participated in the trial
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of the manuscript.
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Finally, the Institute would like to thank the Ministry of

Education, Science and Technology for facilitating the
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process of writing this book.

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Dr Aneth A. Komba
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Director General
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FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DOIntroduction
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This is the second book in a series of two books for

Arithmetic in Primary Schools. In Standard One, you learnt
some arithmetic such as counting, reading and writing.
This book enables you further to learn about numeracy
and its application to real life situations. The book contains
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several examples, activities and exercises. These will help
you to understand the concepts learnt. You are advised
to read the instructions and do all exercises. When you
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experience difficulties, you are encouraged to ask for help
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from friends, teachers and parents or guardians.
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One
Revision exercises
Exercise 1
Write the following numbers in words.
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Number In words Number In words
1. 59 7. 30
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2. 95 8. 27
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3. 89 9. 16
4. 99 10. 75
5. 72
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11. 43
6. 0 12. 61
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Exercise 2
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Write the following numbers in numerals.

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1. Thirty-five _____ 7. Seventy-one _____

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2. Zero _____ 8. Fifty-two _____

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3. Eleven _____ 9. Eighty _____

4. Forty-five _____ 10. Twenty-five _____
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5. Sixty-eight _____ 11. Fifty _____

6. Ninety-nine _____ 12. Forty-nine _____
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Exercise 3 DO NOT DUPLICATE
Answer the following questions.

1. 36 + 45 = 9. 33 + 25 =
2. 86 _ 45 = 10. 92 _ 52 =
3. 18 + 9 = 11. 20 + 45 =
4. 49 + 28 = 12. 18 _ 6 =
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5. 45 + 45 = 13. 42 + 39 =
6. 99 _ 58 = 14. 89 _ 48 =
7. 23 + 42 = 15. 45 _ 15 =
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_
8. 69 35 =
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Exercise 4
Name the shapes in questions 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.
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1. 2. 3.
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4. 5.
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Name the fractions of the region labelled A in questions

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6, 7, 8, 9,10 and 11.

6.
A 7. A A
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8. A

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9. A 10. A
11.
A
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Exercise 5
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1. 26 7. 3 0 13. 26
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+ 12 + 60 + 23
2. 44 8.
SE 2 8 14. 72
+ 35 – 7 – 30
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3. 20 9. 8 8 15. 56
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+ 4 – 1 + 22
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4. 63 10. 9 9 16. 50
+ 12 – 19 + 46
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5. 8 11. 9 17. 8
+ 3 – 5 – 5
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6. 33 12. 5 4 18. 32
+ 21 – 11 – 21

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Chapter Two
Recognizing the number 100
In Standard One you learned numbers up to 99. In this
Chapter you will learn the number 100. You will add
and subtract numbers which do not exceed 100.
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Counting 100 objects
Count 10 bundles which have 10 objects each.
The sum of all the objects is one hundred in words,
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or 100 in numeral.
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10 Ten 100 One hundred
10 bundles of ten objects each = one hundred objects
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Exercise 1
rite the missing numbers in the blank spaces of the
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table below.
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60 70 80 90
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96 97 98 99
99 98 97 96
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90 80 70 60

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Circle the number 100 in the table below.
10 99 100 36 66
75 95 45 15 100
80 20 90 100 60
52 100 93 37 100
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Adding numbers horizontally to get 100
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Example 1
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20 + 80 =
Solution SE
Hundreds
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Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
2 0 + 8 0 = 1 0 0
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Steps
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Hundreds
1. Add ones,
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0 + 0 = 0.
Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
Write 0 in
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the ones 2 0 + 8 0 = 0
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place.

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2. Add tens,
Hundreds
2 + 8 = 10. This
means 10 tens
Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
equals to 1
hundreds and 0 2 0 + 8 0 = 1 0 0
tens.
Write 0 in the
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tens place and 1
in the hundreds
place.
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Therefore, the answer is 100.
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Example 2

37 + 63 =
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Solution
Hundreds
E Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
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3 7 + 6 3 = 1 0 0
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Steps
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Hundreds
1. A
dd the digits in
the ones place,
Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
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7 + 3 = 10. Write
0 in the ones
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1
place and write 1 3 7 + 6 3 = 0
in the tens place.

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2. Add the tens,
Hundreds
1 + 3 + 6 =10.
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
This means 10
One
tens equals to 1
hundreds and 0 1
tens. Write 0 in 3 7 + 6 3 = 1 0 0
the tens place
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and 1 in the
hundreds place.
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Exercise 3 SE
Answer the following addition questions.
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1. 10 + 90 = 10. 60 + 40 =
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2. 70 + 30 = 11. 50 + 50 =
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3. 100 + 0 = 12. 55 + 45 =
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4. 60 + 40 = 13. 25 + 75 =
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5. 85 + 15 = 14. 26 + 74 =
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6. 29 + 71 = 15. 14 + 86 =
7. 46 + 54 = 16. 52 + 48 =
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8. 65 + 35 = 17. 58 + 42 =
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9. 47 + 53 = 18. 33 + 67 =

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Adding numbers vertically to obtain a sum not
DO NOT DUPLICATE
exceeding 100
Example 1
5 0
+ 5 0
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Hundreds
Solution
Ones
Tens
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5 0
+ 5 0
Steps 1 0 0 SE
1. Add ones, 0 + 0 = 0.
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Write 0 in the ones place.
Ones
Tens
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5 0
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+ 5 0
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0
2. A
dd tens, 5 + 5 = 10. This means,
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Hundreds
10 tens equals to 1 hundreds and

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0 tens. Write 0 in the tens place

Ones
Tens
and 1 in the hundreds place.

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5 0
+ 5 0
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1 0 0

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Example 2 DO NOT DUPLICATE
3 4
+ 4 6
Solution
Ones
Tens
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1
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3 4
+ 4 6
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Steps 8 0
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Ones
1. Add the ones, 4 + 6 = 10.
Tens
Write 0 in the ones place and write
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1 in the tens place. 1
3 4
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+ 4 6
0
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2. A
dd groups of tens, 1 + 3 + 4 = 8.
Ones
Tens
Write 8 in the tens place.

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1
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3 4
+ 4 6
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8 0
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1. 90 8. 30 15. 70
+ 10 + 10 + 20
2. 40 9. 80 16. 82
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+ 50 + 20 + 13
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3. 65 10. 79 17. 85
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+ 35 + 11 + 15
4. 44 11. 10
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+ 56 + 90 + 75
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5. 63 12. 15 19. 42
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+ 27 + 81 + 35
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6. 80 13. 54 20. 36
+ 18 + 46 + 63
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7. 58 14. 49 21. 44
+ 31 + 33
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+ 42
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Horizontal subtraction DUPLICATE
numbers not exceeding 100
Example
Example 11
100 – 20 =
Solution
Hundreds
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Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
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1 0 0 – 2 0 = 8 0
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Steps SE
Hundreds
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1. S ubtract the
ones, 0 – 0 = 0.
Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
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Write 0 in the
ones place. 1 0 0 – 2 0 = 0
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2. S ubtract the
Hundreds
tens, 0 – 2 =
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Ones
Ones
Ones
2 can not be
Tens
Tens
Tens
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subtracted from 1 0 0 – 2 0 = 0
0.
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3. DO NOT DUPLICATE
Take 1 hundreds
from the
Hundreds
hundreds place
and change it to
Ones
Ones
ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
tens to get 10
tens. Write 10 in 0 10
the tens place and 1 0 0 – 2 0 = 0
0 in the hundreds
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place.
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4. Subtract the tens,
Hundreds
1 0 – 2 = 8. Write 8
Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
in the tens place.
0 10
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1 0 0 – 2 0 = 8 0
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Example 2
100 – 47 =
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Solution
Hundreds
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Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
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1 0 0 – 4 7 = 5 3
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Steps DO NOT DUPLICATE
Hundreds
1. S ubtract the ones,
0 -7 =
Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
7 can not be
subracted from 0. 1 0 0 – 4 7 =
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2. T ry to take 1 tens
from the tens
place. However,
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the tens place
has 0 tens so it is
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impossible. Take 1
Hundreds
hundreds from the Ones

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Ones
Ones
hundreds place and
Tens
Tens
Tens
change it to tens to
get 10 tens. There 0 10
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are 0 hundreds 1 0 0 – 4 7 =
remaining. Cross
out the 1 in
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hundreds place and

write 0, and cross
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out the 0 in the tens

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place and write 10.

3. T ake 1 tens from
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the10 tens and

Hundreds
change to 10
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ones. There 9 tens

Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
remaining. Cross
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out the 10 in the 9 10

tens place and write
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9, and cross out the 0 10

0 in the ones place 1 0 0 – 4 7 =
and write 10.
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Hundreds
4. S ubtract the
Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
Ones,10 - 7 = 3.
Write 3 in the 9 10
ones place. 0 10
1 0 0 – 4 7 = 3
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Hundreds
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Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
5. S ubtract the tens,
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9 - 4 = 5. Write 5 9 10
in the tens place. 0 10 SE
1 0 0 – 4 7 = 5 3
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Exercise 5
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Subtract the numbers in the following questions.

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1. 100 – 80 = 5. 100 – 30 =
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2. 100 – 50 = 6. 100 – 90 =
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3. 100 – 60 = 7. 100 – 10 =
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4. 100 – 40 = 8. 100 – 70 =
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9. 100 – 100 = 15. 100 – 0 =
10. 100 – 25 = 16. 100 – 95 =
11. 100 – 45 = 17. 100 – 66 =
12. 100 – 21 = 18. 100 – 12 =
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13. 100 – 56 = 19. 100 – 99 =
14. 100 – 29 = 20. 100 – 34 =
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O
Vertical subtraction of numbers not exceeding 100
Example
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100
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_ 56
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Solution
Hundreds
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Ones
Tens
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1 0 0
– 5 6
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4 4
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Steps
Hundreds
Ones
Tens
1. S ubtract the ones, 0 – 6 =
6 can not be subtracted from 0. 1 0 0
– 5 6
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N
Hundreds
O Ones
2. T ry to take 1 tens from the 0
Tens
tens, 0 - 1. However, I can
not be subtracted from 0. SE –
1 0 0
5 6
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E
Hundreds
3. T ake 1 hundreds from the hundreds

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ones
Tens
place, change it to tens to get

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10 tens. Hundreds become 0

hundreds and the tens become
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10 tens. Write 10 in the tens 0 10

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place and 0 in the hundreds 1 0 0

place. – 5 6
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FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
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Hundreds
Ones
Tens
4. T ake 1 tens from 10 tens and
change it to 10 ones. Place 10
ones in the ones place. The tens 0 9 10
become 9 tens. Write 9 in the 0 10
tens place. 1 0 0
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– 5 6
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OHundreds
Ones
Tens
SE
5. Subtract the ones, 10 – 6 = 4. 0 9 10
0 10
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1 0 0
– 5 6
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4
N
Hundreds
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Ones
Tens
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6. Subtract the tens, 9 – 5 = 4. 0 9 10

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0 10
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1 0 0
– 5 6
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4 4
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Exercise 6
Answer the following subtraction questions.
1. 100 8. 100 15. 100
_ 10 _ 90 _ 34
2. 100 9. 100 16. 100
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_ 30 _ 70 _ 98
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3. 100 10. 100 17. 100
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_ 80 _ 55 _ 88
4. 100 11. 100

SE 18. 100
_ 20 _1 0 0 _ 5
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5. 100 12. 100 19. 100

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_ 60 _ 0 _ 41
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6. 100 13. 100 20. 100

_ 42 _ 12 _ 19
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7. 100 14. 100 21. 100

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_ 71 _ 49 _ 37
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Three
Counting, reading and writing numbers
from 101 to 999
Sing this Song
Who has my lost bag?
Let us count numbers
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One hundred and one, one hundred and two
One hundred and three, one hundred and four
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One hundred and five
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Who has my lost bag? x 2.
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One hundred and six, one hundred and seven
One hundred and eight, one hundred and nine
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One hundred and ten
Who has my lost bag? x 2.
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One hundred and eleven

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One hundred and twelve

One hundred and thirteen
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One hundred and fourteen

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One hundred and fifteen.

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Exercise 1
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Write all the numbers mentioned in the song above

in numerals.
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Reading numbersDO NOT
from DUPLICATE
101 to 200
1. R
ead all the numbers from 101 to 150 in the Table
below.
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110
111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
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121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130
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131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140
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141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150
2. R
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ead all the numbers from 151 to 200 in the Table
below.
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151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160
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N
161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170
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171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180
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181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190
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191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200
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Activity 1
Let us play a counting game

Stand in a circle at reasonable distances apart. The first
personal should throw a ball and say 101. The person
who catches the ball should say 102 when they throw
it. The game goes on like that until everyone is involved.
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This game is played by ten pupils standing in a circle.
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102 103 104 105 106
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101
107
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E
N
110 108
109
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Exercise 2
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Write all the mentioned numbers in words.

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DO from
Reading numbers NOT DUPLICATE
201 to 500
1. Read all the numbers from 201 to 300 in the table below.
201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210
211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220
221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230
231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240
241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250
251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260
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261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270
271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280
281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290
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291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300
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2. Read all numbers from 301 to 400 in the table below.
301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310
311
321
312
322
313
323
314
324
315
325
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316
326
317
327
318
328
319
329
320
330
331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340
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341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350
351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360
361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370
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371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380
381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390
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391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400
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3. Read all numbers from 401 to 500 in the table below.

401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410
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411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420
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421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430
431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440
441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450
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451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460
461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470
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471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480
481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490
491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500
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FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Write the following numbers in words.
1. 100 ______________ 14. 204 ____________
2. 201 ______________ 15. 306 ____________
3. 301 ______________ 16. 140 ____________
4. 401 ______________ 17. 320 ____________
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5. 302 ______________ 18. 114 ____________
6. 402 ______________ 19. 240 ____________
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7. 307 ______________ 20. 155 ____________
8. 300 ______________ 21. 130 ____________
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9. 500 ______________ 22. 310 ____________
10. 109 ______________ 23. 221 ____________
11. 112 ______________ SE
24. 108 ____________
12. 220 ______________ 25. 188 ____________
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13. 213 ______________
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Exercise 4
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Write the following numbers in numerals.

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1. One hundred and two _______

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2. Two hundred and five _______

3. Five hundred _______
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4. Four hundred and twenty-seven ________

5. Three hundred and three ______
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6. Two hundred and twenty _______

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7. One hundred and fifteen _______

8. Four hundred and ninety ________
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FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
9. One hundred DO
andNOT
nine DUPLICATE
________
10. Three hundred and thirty ________
11. Two hundred and twenty-two ________
12. One hundred and one ________
13. Three hundred ________
14. Four hundred and one ________
15. Two hundred and twenty-five ________
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Exercise 5
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Fill in the missing numbers in the following questions.
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1. 263, 264, _____, 266, _____
2. 109, 110, 111 _____, _____
3. 346, 347, _____, _____, 350
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4. 488, 489, 490, _____, _____
5. _____, _____ 203, 204, 205
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Write the next number in the following questions.

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1. 409 _____ 6. 419 _____

2. 467 _____ 7. 350 _____
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O
3. 259 _____ 8. 262 _____

4. 199 _____ 9. 319 _____
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5. 206 _____ 10. 375 _____

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FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DOinNOT
Write the number DUPLICATE
between in the following questions.
1. 198, _____, 200 4. 378, _____, 380

2. 449, _____, 451 5. 201, _____, 203
3. 222, _____, 224 6. 113, _____, 315
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Write the number before.
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Examples
331, 332
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405, 406
Exercise 6
SE
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Write the number before in the following questions.
1. _____, 159 6. _____, 407
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2. _____, 313 7. _____, 333

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3. _____, 400 8. _____, 179

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4. _____, 210 9. _____, 164

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5. _____, 355 10. _____, 220

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R
Ascending order
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An ascending order is an arrangement of numbers from

smallest to largest.
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FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Example DO NOT DUPLICATE
You can arrange the following numbers in ascending
order, as shown below.
Mixed numbers 107 103 109 106 101
Arranged numbers 101 103 106 107 109
Exercise 7
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Arrange the following numbers in ascending order.
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1. 245 237 220 253 212
____ ____ ____ ____ ____
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2. 483
____
464
____
433
____
SE344
____
423
____
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3. 377 368 381 399 309
____ ____ ____ ____ ____
E
4. 189 164 199 177 130

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____ ____ ____ ____ ____

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N
Exercise 8
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Arrange the following numbers in ascending order.

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240 301 499 311 450

FO
100 260 338 399 488
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Smallest
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N
Largest
O
Descending order
SE
A descending order is an arrangement of numbers from
largest to smallest.
U
Example
You can arrange the following numbers in descending
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order, as shown below.

146 113 169 188 199
N
199 188 169 146 113

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Exercise 9
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O
Arrange the following numbers in descending order.
1. 388 366 378 333 306

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____ ____ ____ ____ ____

FO
2. 159 138 127 118 144

____ ____ ____ ____ ____
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FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
3. 449 471DO NOT431
DUPLICATE
421 414
____ ____ ____ ____ ____
4. 266 269 278 297 225
____ ____ ____ ____ ____
5. 325 354 312 376 310
____ ____ ____ ____ ____
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Exercise 10
Arrange the following numbers in descending order.
N
O
230 313 180 455 290
129 440 310 500 282
SE
Largest
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E
N
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N
O
R
FO
Smallest
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FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Counting things or objects
Counting ones, tens and hundreds
Hundreds Tens Ones
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N
One hundreds Four tens Two ones
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Example 1

Hundreds
SE
Tens Ones
U
E
N
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N
O
R
Four hundreds Three tens Two ones

FO
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FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Example 2
Count these pencils. Write their number in words.
Hundreds Tens Ones
LY
N
O
One hundreds One tens Five ones
One hundred and fifteen
SE
Example 3
U
Count the following pencils. Write their number in words.
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Hundreds Tens Ones

N
LI
N
O
R
FO
One hundreds One tens One ones

One hundred and eleven
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FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Hundreds Tens Ones
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N
O
Three hundreds Two tens Four ones
Three hundred and twenty four
Exercise 11
SE
U
ount the following pencils. Then, write their number
C
in words.
E
1. Hundreds Tens Ones

N
LI
N
O
R
FO
____________ ____________ _________
31

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
2. DO NOT DUPLICATE
Hundreds Tens Ones
LY
N
O
____________ ____________ ________
SE
U
E
N
LI
N
O
R
FO
____________ ____________ ________
32

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Place values DO NOT DUPLICATE
You can assign a place value to every digit in a given
number, as shown below.
Example
3 2 4
Ones
Tens
Hundreds
LY
Exercise 12
N
rite the place value of each digit.
W
O
1. 3 2 4 6. 1 8 5
SE
U
2. 4 0 2 7. 3 0 6
E
N
3. 2 4 7 8. 9 3
LI
N
4. 8 1 9. 2 1 0
O
R
5. 1 7 9 10. 5 0 0
FO
33

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Writing the placeDO NOT DUPLICATE
values of digits in a number
Example
349 = 3 hundreds 4 tens 9 ones
Exercise 13
Fill in the digit for each place value.
LY
1. 426 = hundreds tens ones
N
O
7. 309 = hundreds SE
tens ones
U
E
Write the numbers with the following place values.

N
1. 2 hundreds 0 tens 1 ones = ___________

LI

N

O

R

FO

34

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
The Abacus DO NOT DUPLICATE
The Abacus is an instrument used in adding and
subtracting numbers.
The following is a sketch of an Abacus.
Hundreds Tens Ones
LY
N
O
SE
U
E
N
2 3 5
LI
Three lines represent the Abacus. The first line is for

N
Hundreds, the second line is for Tens, and the third line
O
is for Ones.
R
The objects used in an Abacus are beads.

FO
35

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Count the beads and write the numbers in words. Use the
given boxes.
Hundreds Tens Ones Hundreds Tens Ones
LY
N
O
1. 4.
Hundreds Tens SE
Ones Hundreds Tens Ones
U
E
2. 5.
N
LI
Hundreds Tens Ones Hundreds Tens Ones

N
O
R
FO
3. 6.
36

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DOvalue
Writing the total NOT DUPLICATE
of each digit in a number
You can assign a total value to each digit in a given
number as shown.
Examples
1. 478
Ones
LY
Tens
Hundreds
N
The total value of 4 is 400.
O
SE
2. 395
U
Ones
Tens
Hundreds
E

N

LI

N
Exercise 15
O
rite the total value of each digit in the following

W
R
questions.
1. 3 1 2 2. 1 0 8
FO
Ones Ones
Tens Tens
Hundreds Hundreds
37

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
3. 425 DO NOT DUPLICATE
9. 6
Ones Ones
Tens
Hundreds
4. 35 10. 61
Ones Ones
Tens Tens
LY
N
5. 215 11. 1 3 2
O
Ones Ones
Tens Tens
Hundreds Hundreds
SE
6. 403 12. 3 8 7
U
Ones Ones
Tens Tens
Hundreds Hundreds
E
N
7. 5 00 13. 2 9 4
LI
Ones Ones
Tens Tens
N
Hundreds Hundreds
O
8. 64 14. 3 7 1
R
Ones Ones
FO
Tens Tens
Hundreds
38

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DOin
Writing numbers NOT DUPLICATE
long form
You can write a number in long form if you know the
total value of each digit as shown below.
Examples
Write the following numbers in long form.
LY
4 6 2 = 400 + 60 + 2
N
1 0 9 = 100 + 0 + 9
O
Exercise 16
SE
Write the following numbers in long form.
U
1. 4 2 0 = ___________
2. 4 6 = ___________
E
3. 8 = ___________
N
4. 3 0 2 = ___________
LI
5. 1 7 2 = ___________
N
6. 9 3 = ___________
O
7. 2 1 4 = ___________
R
8. 1 6 3 = ___________
FO
9. 5 7 = ___________
10. 2 9 1 = ___________
39

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Writing numbers DO NOT DUPLICATE
in short form
A number in long form can be written in short form.
Examples
Write the following numbers in short form.
1. 200 + 70 + 3 = 273
2. 300 + 40 + 2 = 342
LY
N
Exercise 17
O
Write the following numbers in short form.
1. SE
200 + 30 + 9 = ___________
2. 100 + 20 + 7 = ___________
U
3. 300 + 50 + 2 = ___________
E
4. 400 + 80 + 6 = ___________
N
5. 200 + 70 + 1 = ___________
LI
6. 100 + 40 + 3 = ___________
N
7. 400 + 60 + 5 = ___________
O
8. 300 + 10 + 8 = ___________
R
9. 200 + 90 + 4 = ___________
FO
10. 300 + 30 + 3 = ___________
40

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Activity 2 DO NOT DUPLICATE
Read the following passage and answer the following
questions.
Manka has three children: Asha, Jane and Bahati. One
day, she bought many exercise books and distributed
them to her children. Asha received six exercise books.
Jane got ten exercise books. Bahati got two hundred
exercise books.
LY
N
O
SE
U
Asha Jane Bahati Manka
E
1. Write the number of Asha’s exercise books.

N
2. How many ones are there in the number of Asha’s

exercise books?
LI
3. Write the number of Jane’s exercise books.

4. How many tens are there in the number of Jane’s
N
exercise books?
O
5. Write the number of Bahati’s exercise books.

6. How many hundreds are there in the number of
R
Bahati’s exercise books?

7. How many exercise books were distributed by
FO
Manka?
8. Write the place values of the distributed exercise
books.
41

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Writing DOfrom
numbers NOT DUPLICATE
501 to 999
1. Write the following numbers.
501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515
516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530
531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545
546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560
LY
561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575
576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590
N
591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605
O
606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620
621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635
SE
636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650
651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665
U
2. Write the following numbers.
E
666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680
681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695
N
696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710
LI
711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725
N
726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740
741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755
O
756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770
R
771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785
786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800
FO
801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815
816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830
42

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
3. Write the DO NOT DUPLICATE
following numbers.
831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845
846 847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860
861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875
876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890
LY
891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905
N
906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920
O
921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935
936 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950
SE
951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965
966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980
U
981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995
E
996 997 998 999

N
LI
Counting in hundreds
N
Let us sing a song of counting in hundreds

O
One hundred, two hundred, three hundred

Four hundred, five hundred, six hundred
R
Seven hundred, eight hundred, nine hundred x 2

FO
It is counting in hundreds.
43

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT
Study the picture below andDUPLICATE
answer the questions that
follow.
LY
N
O
SE
U
E
N
LI

N
1. Write the smallest number in the picture.

O
2. Write the largest number in the picture.

R
3. Read the numbers shown in the picture from

smallest to largest.
FO
4. Read the numbers shown in the picture from largest

to smallest.
44

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Activity 3
Read the following numbers in the direction of the arrows.

Answer the exercise which follows.
101 109 207

210
LY
500 535
768 822 564
N
498 900 290
O
743 963 831
476 890
947
SE
999 572
300
U
849
399 688 602
E
360 320 304

N
LI
Exercise 18
N
O
1. Read the first ten numbers loudly.

2. Read the five numbers before 999 loudly.
R
3. Read all the numbers ending with zero.

FO
4. Read all the numbers ending with nine loudly.
45

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 19
Read the following numbers loudly.

Numbers in Numbers in words
numerals
101 One hundred and one
210 Two hundred and ten
LY
226 Two hundred and twenty-six
342 Three hundred and forty-two
N
468 Four hundred and sixty-eight
O
500 Five hundred
888 Eight hundred and eighty-eight
791
999
SE
Seven hundred and ninety-one
Nine hundred and ninety-nine
U
898 Eight hundred and ninety-eight
E
Writing numbers
N
Activity 4
LI
Observe the following numbers. Write them in the order

N
of smallest to largest.
O
110 342 210 226

R
500
FO
888 791 999 468
46

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO
Write the missing NOT DUPLICATE
numbers in the following table.
112 114
116
118 120
122
124 126
LY
N
Exercise 20
O
1. Fill in the missing numbers horizontally.
SE
201 202 205 207 209
U
301 306 308
402 405 407 409
501 503
E
506
605 608
N
701 703 706 709

LI
801 805 807

811 813 816 818
N
901
O
991 993 996 999

R
2. W
rite the numbers ending with 9 from the table
FO
above.
47

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Writing numbers inDO
Hundreds, Tens and Ones
NOT DUPLICATE
Example
Number Hundreds Tens Ones
469 = 4 6 9
124 = 1 2 4
Exercise 21
LY
Study the table below. Write the digits of the missing
place value in the blanks.
N
1. Number Hundreds Tens Ones
O
229 2
368 3
876
569
SE
6
6
997 9
U
612 1
783 7
E
404 0
N
2. Number Hundreds Tens Ones

LI
119
827
N
263
O
610
333
R
471
918
FO
769
342
508
48

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Chapter Four
Sura Ya Pili
Operations on numbers
Adding numbers in groups of Ones, Tens and
Hundreds
In this chapter, you will learn addition and subtraction of
numbers not exceeding 999.
LY
Example
N
345 + 223 = 568
O
Hundreds Tens Ones
SE
U
Add Add Add
E
N
LI
Sum Sum Sum

N
O
R
FO
49

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOTby
Adding numbers DUPLICATE
using an Abacus
345 + 223 =
Hundreds Tens Ones
LY

Steps 5 6 8
N
1. Count the number of beads in the ones place,
O
5 + 3 = 8. Write 8 in the ones position.
2. Count the number of beads in the tens place,
SE
4 + 2 = 6. Write 6 in the tens position.
3. Count the number of beads in the hundreds place,
3 + 2 = 5. Write 5 in the hundreds position.
U
Steps for vertical addition
1. Add ones, 5 + 3 = 8. Write 8 in the ones place.
E
2. Add groups of tens, 4 + 2 = 6. Write 6 in the tens

place.
N
3. Add groups of hundreds, 3 + 2 = 5. Write 5 in the

LI
hundreds place:
Therefore 345 + 223 = 568.
N
3 4 5
O
+ 2 2 3
5 6 8
R
Hundreds Tens Ones

FO
3 4 5
+ 2 + 2 + 3
5 6 8
50

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Add the following numbers in groups of ones, tens
and hundreds.
1. 214 + 143 =
Hundreds Tens Ones
LY
Add Add Add
N
O
Sum
SE Sum Sum
________________ __________ ________
U
2. 342 + 436 =
E
Hundreds Tens Ones

N
LI
N
Add Add Add

O
R
FO
Sum Sum Sum

________________ __________ ________
51

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
3. 125 + 233 =
Hundreds Tens Ones
LY
Add Add Add
N
O
Sum Sum Sum
________________ SE_______ ______
U
4. 425 + 512 =
Hundreds Tens Ones
E
N
LI
Add Add Add

N
O
R
Sum Sum Sum

FO
________________ _______ ______
52

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
5. 632 + 267 =
Hundreds Tens Ones
Add
Add Add
LY
N
O
Sum Sum Sum
________________ _______ ______
6. 333 + 333 =
SE
U
Hundreds Tens Ones
E
N
Add
LI
Add Add
N
O
Sum Sum Sum

R
________________ _______ ______

FO
53

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Vertical addition DO
of numbers without regrouping
NOT DUPLICATE
Example
Add the following numbers.
Solution
2 1 6 Hundreds Tens Ones
+ 1 0 2 2 1 6
3 1 8 + 1 0 2
LY
3 1 8
Steps
N
Hundreds
1. Add ones, 6 + 2 = 8.
O
Ones
Tens
2 1 6
SE +1 0 2
8
U
Hundreds
2. Add tens,1 + 0 = 1.
Ones
E
Tens
N
2 1 6
+1 0 2
LI
1 8
N
Hundreds
3. Add hundreds, 2 + 1 = 3. Write

O
3 in the hundreds place.

Ones
Tens
R
2 1 6
FO
+1 0 2
3 1 8
54

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
1. 2 2 6 6. 1 3 7
+ 4 3 2 + 2 0 0
2. 3 4 2 7. 4 4 4
LY
+ 2 2 + 2 2 2
N
3. 4 3 2 8. 5 3 3
O
+ 4 1 + 2 3 0
4. 3 2 5 9.
+ 1 4 3
SE+
1 0 6
4 5 0
U
5. 3 3 3 10. 1 2 1
E
+ 3 0 4 + 7 1 2
N
LI
Exercise 3
N

O
1. 3 2 4 3. 4 6 5
+ 2 1 3 + 3 3 4
R
FO
2. 5 6 0 4. 6 1 3
+ 4 3 9 + 2 4 4
55

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
5. 1 2DO
6 NOT DUPLICATE
8. 4 7 2
+ 5 6 3 + 3 2 4
6. 5 6 1 9. 7 1 5
+ 4 2 3 + 2 2 3
7. 7 1 6 10. 1 7 8
LY
+ 2 3 1 + 2 1 0
N
Exercise 4
O
1. 4 2 1
+ 1 3 6
6.
+
SE 2 1 5
4 2 1
U
2. 7 1 4 7. 1 2 8
+ 1 3 3 + 5 4 1
E
N
3. 3 5 2 8. 2 1 3
LI
+ 4 1 5 + 3 4 1
N
4. 5 2 6 9. 2 1 3
O
+ 3 1 3 + 4 3 1
R
5. 5 6 4 10. 7 8 5
FO
+ 2 1 3 + 2 1 4
56

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT
Horizontal addition of DUPLICATE
numbers by regrouping
Example
167 + 138 =
Hundreds
Hundreds
Hundreds
solution
Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
LY
1 6 7 + 1 3 8 = 3 0 5
N
O
1. A dd ones,
Hundreds
Hundreds
Hundreds
7 + 8 = 15. There
is 1 tens and 5
SE
Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
ones. Write 5 in
the ones place and 1
U
carry over 1 group 1 6 7 + 1 3 8 = _ _ 5
of tens to the tens
E
place.
N
LI
2. A dd tens;
Hundreds
Hundreds
Hundreds
1 + 6 + 3 = 10.
N
Write 0 in the
Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
O
tens place and

carry over 1 1
R
group of hundreds 1
to the hundreds 1 6 7 + 1 3 8 = 0 5
FO
place.
57

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Hundreds
Hundreds
Hundreds
3. A dd hundreds,
Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
1 + 1 + 1 = 33.
Write 3 in the 1
hundreds place. 1
1 6 7 + 1 3 8 = 3 0 5
LY
ddition of numbers by regrouping using an
A
N
Abacus
Hundreds Tens Ones
O
SE
U
E
N
3 0 5
LI
167 + 138 = 305

N
Exercise 5
O
1. 683 + 138 = 6. 292 + 362 =

R
2. 364 + 348 = 7. 456 + 258 =

3. 736 + 249 = 8. 272 + 465 =
FO
4. 262 + 289 = 9. 581 + 219 =

5. 566 + 284 = 10. 189 + 611 =
58

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 6
1. 484 + 109 = 6. 673 + 117 =
2. 189 + 102 = 7. 239 + 221 =
3. 801 + 9 = 8. 123 + 229 =
4. 229 + 229 = 9. 444 + 137 =
LY
5. 518 + 119 = 10. 269 + 21 =
N
Exercise 7
O
1. 739 + 15 = 6. 333 + 27 =
2. 118 + 132 = 7.
SE
239 + 8 =
3. 819 + 113 = 8. 123 + 124 =
U
4. 287 + 113 = 9. 444 + 219 =
E
5. 773 + 9 = 10. 269 + 23 =

N
Exercise 8
LI

N
1. 291 + 19 = 6. 456 + 326 =

O
2. 839 + 111 = 7. 381 + 409 =

3. 709 + 29 = 8. 462 + 418 =
R
4. 469 + 31 = 9. 282 + 365 =

FO
5. 729 + 148 = 10. 627 + 203 =
59

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Word problems involving the addition of
numbers without regrouping
Some word problems need the addition operation to
answer them.
Example

A fisherman caught 112 fish in the morning. He caught
210 fish in the evening. How many fish did he catch all
LY
together?
Hundreds
N
Add Vertically.
Ones
Tens
1. What was caught by the fisherman? Fish
O
2. Number of fish caught in the morning 112
3. Number of fish caught in the evening + 210
4. Total number of fish caught
Therefore, he caught 322 fish.
SE 322
U
Exercise 9
Answer the following word problems.
E
1. One family has 130 goats. Another family has 110

N
goats. How many goats do the two families have

LI
together?
2. A farmer planted 403 orange seedlings. He planted
N
other 592 pear seedlings. How many seedlings did

O
he plant altogether?
3. 372 pupils participated in sports. They joined their
R
fellow 527 pupils. How many pupils participated in

sports altogether?
FO
4. Azania school bought 601 sports uniforms. Later, the

school bought 326 more sports uniforms. How many
sports uniforms did the school buy altogether?
60

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 10
1. 294 girls and 302 boys attended a workshop on
good health. How many partcipants attended the
workshop in total?
2. A school bought 333 desks. Later, the school bought
LY
426 more desks. What was the total number of desks
bought?
N
3. Asha was given 350 shillings to buy a pencil. She
was also given 520 shillings to buy a sharpener.
O
How much money did she receive?
4. The Head teacher bought 150 exercise books. Then,
SE
he bought 216 more exercise books. How many
exercise books did he buy altogether?
U
E
Vertical Addition of numbers by regrouping

N
Numbers can be added vertically by a regrouping method.

LI
Example 1
N
Solution
O
Hundreds Tens Ones

1 6 6 1 6 6
R
+ 1 2 6 + 1 2 6
FO
2 9 2

61

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Hundreds
1. A dd Ones, 6 + 6 =12.
Ones
Tens
This gives 1 group of tens
and 2 ones. Write 2 in the 1
ones place, carry over 1 1 6 6
LY
tens to the tens place. + 1 2 6
2
N
O
Hundreds
SE
Ones
Tens
2. A dd tens, 1 + 6 + 2 = 9.
1
U
1 6 6
+ 1 2 6
E
9 2
N
LI
Hundreds
N
Ones
Tens
3. A dd hundreds, 1 + 1 = 2.
O
Write 2 in the hundreds 1

place. 1 6 6
R
+ 1 2 6
FO
2 9 2
62

Example 2FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Solution
166
+ 198 Hundreds Tens Ones
1 6 6
+ 1 9 8
Steps 3 6 4
Hundreds
1. A dd Ones:
LY
Ones
6 + 8 = 14. This is equal to 1
Tens
group of tens and 4 ones. Write
N
1
4 in the ones place. Carry over
1 6 6
O
1 group of tens to the tens
+ 1 9 8
place.
4
SE
Hundreds
2. A dd tens:
Ones
U
Tens
1 + 6 + 9 = 16. This is equal to
1 group of hundreds and 6 tens. 1
E
Write 6 in the tens place. Carry 1

over 1 group of hundreds to the 1 6 6
N
hundreds place. + 1 9 8
LI
6 4
N
Hundreds
O
Ones
Tens
3. A dd hundreds:
1 + 1 + 1 = 3. Write 3 in the
R
1
hundreds place. 1
FO
1 6 6
+ 1 9 8
Therefore, the answer is 364. 3 6 4
63

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 11
1. 4 3 5 6. 3 8 6
+ 2 1 9 + 1 0 8
LY
2. 4 7 6 7. 1 5 0
N
+ 2 1 4 + 2 5 2
O
3. 6 6 5
SE
8. 4 4 4
+ 1 9 2 + 2 8 1
U
E
4. 3 7 5 9. 5 6 8
N
+ 2 7 6 + 3 7 2
LI
N
O
5. 2 9 5 10. 7 7 6
+ 4 9 4 + 1 9 5
R
FO
64

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 12
1. 329 6. 576
+ 295 + 134
LY
2. 576 7. 248
N
+134 +134
O
3. 128
SE
8. 356
+ 283 + 275
U
E
4. 453 9. 486
N
+ 268 + 116
LI
N
O
5. 336 10. 367

+ 485 + 475
R
FO
65

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY

1. 237 7. 467
+ 295 + 29 5
LY
2. 429 8. 529
+ 134 + 290
N
O
3. 586
+ 236
SE
9.
+
179
95
U
E
4. 178 10. 587

N
+ 276 + 16 2
LI
N
5. 285
11. 328
O
+ 37 + 168
R
6. 328
FO
+ 79
66

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Word problemsDO NOT DUPLICATE
involving addition of numbers by
regrouping
To answer some word problems, we need addition of
numbers in their groups.
Example
Grandfather has 389 mango trees. Grandmother has 433
mango trees. How many mango trees do they have in
LY
total?
Solution
N
Grandfather's mango trees 389
O
Grandmother's mango trees + 433
822
Steps
SE
Hundreds
U
Ones
Tens
1. A
dd ones, 9 + 3 = 12. There is 1
group of tens and 2 ones. Write 1
E
2 in the ones place. Carry 1 3 8 9

group of tens to the tens place.
N
+ 4 3 3
2
LI
N
Hundreds
O
2. A
dd tens 1 + 8 + 3 = 12. There
Ones
Tens
is 1 group of hundreds and 2

R
tens. Write 2 in the tens place. 1 1

Carry 1 group of hundreds to 3 8 9
FO
the hundreds place. + 4 3 3

2 2
67

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Hundreds
Ones
Tens
3. A
dd hundreds, 1 + 3 + 4 = 8.
Write 8 in the hundreds place. 1 1
3 8 9
LY
+ 4 3 3
8 2 2
N
They have a total of 822 mango trees.
O
Exercise 14 SE
U
1. One village has 416 women and 358 men. What is
the total number of people in the village?
E
2. One school has 590 pupils and another school has

N
348 pupils. How many pupils are there in both

LI
schools.?
3. On Monday, 247 cows were sent to the open market.
N
On Tuesday, 264 cows were also sent to the open

O
market. What is the total number of cows that were

sent to the open market in two days?
R
4. One day, a business man bought 516 eggs. On

FO
another day, he bought 378 eggs. How many eggs

did he buy on both days?
68

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
5. A school shop has 464 bottles of soda. The
shopkeeper added 385 more bottles of soda in the
shop. How many bottles of soda are in the shop?
6. A school got 625 pens from the Mayor. It also got
286 pens from the Prime Minister. How many pens
did the school get in total?
LY
7. A Health officer provided 766 mosquito nets to the
villagers. Later, he gave 186 more mosquito nets.
N
What is the total number of mosquito nets given to
the villagers?
O
8. One lorry carried 187 pawpaws. Another lorry carried
SE
216 pawpaws. How many pawpaws did both lorries
carry in total?
U
Adding numbers in a chart
The following chart has squares. They can be identified
E
by horizontal and vertical lines.

N
Horizontal
LI
N
O
Vertical square
R
FO
69

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
+ DO101 NOT
102 DUPLICATE
103 104 105
101 202 203 204 205 206
102 203 204 205 206 207
103 204 205 206 207 208
104 205 206 207 208 209
105 206 207 208 209 210
LY
1. Look at the first horizontal line from the top of the
chart. It has numbers 101, 102, 103, 104 and 105.
2. Look again at the first vertical line from the left side
N
of the chart. It has numbers 101, 102, 103, 104, and
O
105.
3. Study the numbers at the intersection of vertical and
SE
horizontal lines. Every number at the intersection
square is the sum of two numbers. The two numbers
are in the first vertical and horizontal lines.
U
Exercise 15
E
1. Add the numbers in the chart below.

N
+ 201 202 203 204 205 206

LI
201
202
N
203
204 409
O
205
206 409
R
2. Write the smallest number from the first horizontal

FO
line. _______________
3. Write the largest number from the fifth horizontal
line. _______________
70

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 16
Fill in numbers in the blank spaces.
1. 102, 104, 106, _______ ______ ______
LY
2. 200, 300, 400, _______ ______ ______
N
3. 200, 250, 300, _______ ______ ______
O
4. 820, 840, 860, _______ ______ ______
5. 890, 893,
SE
896, ______ _______ _____
U
6. 799, 808, 817, ______ _______ _____
E
7. 601, 605, 609, ______ _______ 621 ___

N
LI
8. 401, 500, 599, _____ _______ ______

N
O
9. 306, 312, 318, _____ _______ _______

R
10. 497, 506, 515, _____ _______ 542 _____

FO
71

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Activity DO NOT DUPLICATE
Playing a game called from home to school.

The game is played by using a die. Study the picture
below.
LY
N
O
SE
U
E
N
LI
A die is an object with six

N
square faces. The six faces

O
have dots that represent

numbers. The dots represent
R
numbers from one to six.

FO
Tin
Die
72

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
1. Play in pairs.
2. You need to use a cup or a tin and a die.
3. Put a die in a cup or in a tin, one at a time.
4. Everyone should have a marble of a different colour.
5. Roll the die in turns.
6. Count the number of dots on the face of the die
LY
which shows up.
7. Move your marble towards the direction of the
school.
N
8. The number of steps a marble is moved, is equal to
O
the number of dots obtained on a die.
9. Initially all marbles are placed at the home location
in the picture. SE
Example
U
Asha and Anna played a game from home to school.
Everyone played twice. Their scores were recorded in
E
a Table. The one who scored more was the winner.

N
Study the following table and name the winner.

LI
Game Number Asha Anna

N
1 203 205
2 206 206
O
Total 409 411

R
1. Add the scores for Asha and Anna separately.

FO
2. The one with more scores is the winner.

3. Anna got more scores.
4. Anna was the winner in this game.
73

Exercise 17 FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Answer the following questions in relation to the game
from home to school.
1. Name the tools used to play this game.
2. How many faces does a die have?
3. What is the largest number of dots on a die?
LY
4. What is the smallest number of dots on a die?
5. How many pupils can play this game?
N
6. Where is the smallest number located in this game?
O
7. Where is the largest number located in the game?
8. Count numbers from home to 250. How many
steps is 210 from home? SE
9. Asha and Anna rolled a die in turns when they
U
were at 407. Asha got 2 dots. Anna got 4 dots.
Who moved the marble up to school?
E
Subtracting numbers not exceeding 999 horizontally

N
Subtraction of numbers can be done horizontally.

LI
Example
N
Subtract the following numbers horizontally.

O
247 – 123 =
Hundreds
Hundreds
Hundreds
Solution
R
Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
FO
2 4 7 – 1 2 3 = 1 2 4
74

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Hundreds
Hundreds
Hundreds
Ones
Ones
1. S ubtract
ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
ones.
2 4 7 – 1 2 3 = 4
LY
Hundreds
Hundreds
N
Hundreds
O
Ones
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
Tens
2. S ubtract
tens.
SE
2 4 7 – 1 2 3 = 2 4
U
Hundreds
Hundreds
Hundreds
EOnes
Ones
Ones
Tens
Tens
3. S ubtract Tens
N
hundreds.
2 4 7 – 1 2 3 = 1 2 4
LI
N

O
R
FO
75

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT
Subtraction by using DUPLICATE
an Abacus
Hundreds Tens Ones
LY
N
O
1 2 SE
4
Therefore, 247 – 123 = 124.
U
Steps
E
1. P
ut 7 beads on the line of ones, 4 beads on the line
N
of tens and 2 beads on the line of hundreds.

2. Subtract ones. Remove 3 beads from the line of ones.
LI
3. Subtract tens. Remove 2 beads from the line of tens.

N
4. Subtract hundreds. Remove 1 bead from the line of

O
hundreds.
Based on the number of beads the answer is 124.
R
Note: T he crossed beads are the one which have been

FO
removed.
76

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
1. 299 – 133 = 6. 597 – 50 =
2. 795 – 275 = 7. 980 – 440 =
3. 444 – 200 = 8. 400 – 300 =
4. 568 – 346 = 9. 649 – 48 =
LY
5. 306 – 204 = 10. 937 – 415 =
N
Exercise 19
O

1. 635 – 213 = 7. 368 – 118 =
2. 528 – 417 =
3. 438 – 216 =
SE
8. 436 – 321
9. 758 – 643
=
=
U
4. 287 – 240 = 10. 239 – 115 =
5. 386 – 215 = 11. 384 – 243 =
E
6. 756 – 524 = 12. 895 – 670 =

N
Exercise 20
LI

N
1. 267 – 145 = 7. 900 – 500 =

O
2. 530 – 410 = 8. 729 – 408 =

3. 682 – 381 = 9. 256 – 113 =
R
4. 999 – 717 = 10. 446 – 325 =

FO
5. 246 – 123 = 11. 185 – 172 =

6. 896 – 643 = 12. 388 – 216 =
77

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Word problems involving subtraction of numbers
Some word problems need subtraction of numbers to
answer them.
Example
eema had 956 sweets. She gave her young brother
N
813 sweets. How many sweets did she remain with?
LY
Using the Abacus
Hundreds Tens Ones
N
O
SE
U

E
N
1 4 3
Steps
LI
1. N
eema had 956 sweets. Put 6 beads on the ones
N
line, 5 beads on the tens line and 9 beads on the

hundreds line.
O
2. Y oung brother given 813 sweets; remove 3 beads

from ones line.
R
3. Remove 1 bead from tens line

FO
4. R emove 8 beads from hundreds line. The beads

remaining for each place are 1 hundreds, 4 tens
and 3 ones. Therefore, the answer is 143.
78

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 21
1. A boy had 649 eggs and sold 415 eggs. How many
eggs was he left with?
2. A passenger train carried 874 pupils. On the way
LY
360 pupils got off the train. How many pupils
were left in the train?
N
3. A teacher had 596 books. He gave out 421 books
O
to his pupils. How many books did the teacher remain
with?
SE
4. Roza had 365 oranges. She sold 265 oranges. How
many oranges did she remain with?
U
5. There were 635 pencils in the shop. After one week,
E
412 pencils had been sold. How many pencils were

N
left in the shop?

LI
6. A second-hand toy vendor had 888 toys. He sold

N
573 toys. How many toys were left?

O
7. A business woman bought 760 bottles of juice.

She sold 650 bottles. How many bottles was she
R
left with?
FO
79

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT
A game of subtracting DUPLICATE
numbers
Study the following diagrams and answer the questions.
1. F ill in the missing numbers in the following picture of
balloons.
900
LY
100
N
O
800 SE 600
U
2. Fill in the missing numbers in the picture of balloons.
E
N
LI
N
O
R
400
FO
80

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT
Vertical subtraction of DUPLICATE
numbers not exceeding 999
without regrouping
Example
Hundreds
668
Ones
– 346
Tens
______
______
LY
6 6 8
Steps – 3 4 6
N
3 2 2
1. Subtract ones, 8 – 6 = 2. Write 2 in the place of
O
ones.
2. Subtract tens, 6 – 4 = 2. Write 2 in the place of
tens.
SE
3. Subtract hundreds, 6 – 3 = 3. Write 3 in the place
U
of hundreds.
E
Hundreds Tens Ones

N
LI
N
O
R
FO
3 2 2
81

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 22
1. 1 7 8 6. 3 8 4
_ 1 7 5 _ 2 5 1
LY
2. 4 8 6 7. 2 8 7
_ 2 4 4 _ 1 8 5
N
O
3. 4 9 0 8. 3 5 7
_ 2 5 0 _ 2 4 2
SE
U
4. 4 7 8 9. 2 8 4
_ 4 7 0 _
1 0 1
E
N
LI
5. 4 4 5 10. 2 5 6
_ _
3 3 4 1 5 0
N
O
R
FO
82

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
1. 8 1 5 5. 8 1 2 9. 7 5 8
_ 6 0 4 _ 7 1 0 _ 2 3 4
2. 7 4 4 6. 5 5 5 10. 4 5 3
_ 3 3 3 _ 3 2 4 _ 2 4 2
LY
3. 5 0 9 7. 9 7 5
_ 1 0 4 _ 2 3 0
N
O
4. 7 8 7 8. 6 5 9
_ 6 4 5 _ 5 4
SE
8
U
Exercise 24
1. _6 3 2 5. 9.
_3 2 8 _ 6 2 4
E
3 2 1 2 1 5 3 2 1
N
LI
2. 7 9 9 6. _7 7 6 10. 5 1 5
_ _
5 6 6 7 1 5 1 0 2
N
O
3. 4 3 1 7. 8 2 4 11. 3 4 5
_ _ _
2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 5
R
FO
4. 4 6 7 8. 3 4 9 12. 2 8 6
_ _ _
1 1 5 1 1 7 1 2 3
83

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Subtracting numbers horizontally
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Activity
Subtract 243 – 127 using the Abacus.
Hundreds Tens Ones
LY
N
O
1 1 6
Steps SE
1. Subtracting 127 from 243: Put 3 beads on the line
of ones, 4 beads on the line of tens and 2 beads on
U
the line of hundreds.
2. Subtract ones: 7 beads can not be subtracted from
E
3 beads. Take 1 bead from the line of tens, which is

N
equal to 10 ones. Add 10 beads on the line of ones.

The ones become 10 + 3 = 13. Remove 7 beads from
LI
the line of ones. 13 – 7 = 6. Write 6 in the ones

N
place.
3. Subtract tens: Remove 2 beads from the line of tens.
O
3 – 2 = 1. Write 1 in the tens place.

4. Subtract hundreds: Remove 1 bead from the line of
R
hundreds. 2 – 1 = 1. Write 1 in the hundreds place.

FO
Therefore, 243 – 127 = 116.
84

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 25
1. 823 _ 147 = 6. 640 _ 128 =
2. 295 _ 76 = 7. 584 _ 286 =
3. 864 _ 576 = 8. 770 _ 493 =
4. 890 _ 698 = 9. 586 _ 138 =
LY
5. 356 _ 279 = 10. 654 _ 337 =
N
Exercise 26
O
1. 778 _ 469 = 6. SE764 _ 147 =
2. 984 _ 427 = 7. 354 _ 215 =
881 _ 457 = 582 _ 396 =
U
3. 8.
4. 456 _ 257 = 9. 755 _ 267 =
5. 551 _ 499 = 10. 633 _ 278 =
E
N
LI
Exercise 27
N
987 _ 498 = 449 _ 187 =

O
1. 6.
2. 287 _ 97 = 7. 249 _ 194 =
R
3. 384 _ 295 = 8. 904 _ 106 =

863 _ 289 816 _ 798 =
FO
4. = 9.
5. 692 _ 188 = 10. 387 _ 197 =
85

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT
Vertical subtraction DUPLICATE
of numbers by regrouping
Example
3 1 4
_ 2 0 8
1 0 6

LY
Hundreds Tens Ones
Solution 3 1 4
_2
N
0 8
1 0 6
O
Steps

SE
Hundreds
1. Subtract ones, 4 – 8.
8 can not be subtracted from 4.
U
Ones
Tens
3 1 4
E
– 2 0 8
N
LI
2. T ake 1 group of tens, change

Hundreds
N
it to ones, 1 tens equal to 10

ones. Add 10 ones to the place
Ones
Tens
O
of ones, 10 + 4 = 14 ones.
Remained tens are 1 - 1 = 0 0 14
R
tens. Cross 1 and write 0 in 3 1 4

FO
the tens place. Also cross out 4 – 2 0 8

and write 14 in the ones place.
86

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Hundreds
Ones
Tens
3. Subtract ones, 14 – 8 = 6. Write 0 14
6 in the place of ones. 3 1 4
– 2 0 8
LY
6
N
O Hundreds
Ones
Tens
in the place of tens.
SE
4. Subtract tens, 0 – 0 = 0. Write 0 0
3 1
14
4
– 2 0 8
U
0 6
E
Hundreds
N
Ones
Tens
LI
5. Subtract hundreds, 3 – 2 = 1. 0 14
N
Write 1 in the hundreds place. 3 1 4

O
– 2 0 8
1 0 6
R

FO
87

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
1. 5 6 4 6. 2 5 6
_ 2 3 5 _ 1 4 8
LY
2. 4 8 7 7. 7 5 3
_ 9 _ 6 5
N
O
3. 6 0 0 8. 8 9 6
_
4 8 2 SE _
6 1 8
U
4. 9 2 5 9. 8 5 6
_ 6 8 8 _
E
6 7
N
LI
5. 8 4 1 10. 9 8 2
_ _
N
7 5 9 5 9 3
O
R
FO
88

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
1. 8 9 6 6. 9 7 5
_ 6 1 7 _ 6 8 9
LY
2. 4 7 7 7. 6 4 7
_ _
2 8 9 4 2 9
N
O
3. 8 7 8 8. 9 6 8
_ 4 9 8
SE _ 5 8 9
U
4. 9 0 0 9. 5 4 8
_ 7 9 8 _ 2 9 9
E
N
LI
5. 5 8 7 10. 7 9 8
_ 3 9 9 _ 3 4 9
N
O
R
FO
89

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 30
1. 7 8 4 6. 8 7 6
_ 4 9 5 _ 5 5 5
LY
2. 6 6 3 7. 5 8 2
_ 4 8 7 _ 3 9 7
N
O
3. 8 1 7 8. 9 7 6
_ 7 0 9 SE
_ 4 8 9
U
4. 5 7 6 9. 8 0 1
E
_ 2 6 8 _ 7 7 9
N
LI
5. 7 5 4 10. 8 6 2
N
_ 2 6 9 _ 2 7 9
O
R
FO
90

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Word problemsDO NOT DUPLICATE
involving subtraction of numbers
by regrouping
Example
A school had 543 desks. It was found out that 129
desks were damaged. How many desks were not
damaged?

LY
Solution Hundreds Tens Ones
5 4 3
_
N
1 2 9
O
Steps
SE
Hundreds
U
Ones
Tens
1. S ubtract ones, 3 – 9.
9 can not be subtracted from 3.
E
5 4 3
– 1 2 9
N
LI
Hundreds
N
Ones
Tens
O
2. T ake 1 tens from 4 tens. You

are left with 3 tens, the ones 3 13
R
become 10 + 3 = 13 ones. 5 4 3
FO
– 1 2 9
91

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Hundreds
Ones
Tens
3. S ubtract ones, 13 – 9 = 4.
Write 4 in the ones place. 3 13
5 4 3
– 1 2 9
LY
4
N
Hundreds
O Ones
Tens
4. S ubtract tens, 3 - 2 = 1.
Write 1 in the tens place. SE 3
5 4
13
3
– 1 2 9
U
1 4
E
Hundreds
N
Ones
Tens
LI
5. S ubtract hundreds, 5 - 1 = 4.
Write 4 in the hundreds place. 3 13
N
5 4 3
O
– 1 2 9
4 1 4
R

FO
92

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 31
1. Roza had 500 shillings in her pocket. She bought an
exercise book that cost 355 shillings. How many
shillings did she remain with?
2. Some ducks laid 734 eggs. A total of 218 eggs
LY
went bad. How many eggs did not go bad?
3. 300 birds landed in a tree. Later on, 108 birds
N
flew away. How many birds remained?
O
4. Juma had 463 oranges. He sold 185 oranges.
How many oranges remained? SE
U
E
N
LI
N
O
R
FO
93

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DOChapter
NOT DUPLICATE
Five
Recognizing the number 1000
In previous chapters, you learned numbers from 100 to
999. In this chapter, you will learn the number 1000.
Study the following examples:
LY
Example 1
N
Hundreds Tens Ones
O
SE
U
E
N
LI
N
O
9 hundreds 9 tens 9 ones

R
FO
We read the number as nine hundred and ninety-nine.
94

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Hundreds Tens Ones
LY
N
O
Add
SE
U

E
Remember
N
1. Group 10 ones into 1 tens and 0 ones. Carry over

LI
1 tens to the place of tens.

N
2. 9 tens plus 1 tens is equal to 10 tens, which

O
can be grouped into 1 hundreds and 0 tens.

Carry over 1 hundreds from tens to the place of
R
hundreds.
3. 9 hundreds plus 1 hundreds is equal to 10
FO
hundreds. 10 hundreds are grouped into 1

thousands and 0 hundreds.
95

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Hundreds Tens Ones
LY
N
O
SE
U
E
N
LI

N
ead the number 1000 as one thousand. Meaning 1

R
O
thousands, 0 hundreds, 0 tens and 0 ones.

R
FO
96

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Write the numbers represented by the following
drawings.
1. Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones
LY
N
O
2. Thousands Hundreds
SE Tens Ones
U
E
N
LI
N
O
R
FO
97

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
3. Thousands DO NOT DUPLICATETens
Hundreds Ones
LY
4. Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones
N
O
SE
U
E
N
LI
N
O
R
FO
98

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 2
S tudy the following boxes. Put a tick in the box
containing the number1000
1 2 3 4 5
100 1000 0100 10 700
6 7 8 9 10
LY
0010 200 1000 710 300
N
11 12 13 14 15
800 1000 0 200 1000
O
16 17 18 19 20
0001 600 1000 SE
1000 460
U
21 22 23 24 25
0010 1000 100 900 1000
E
26 27 28 29 30
N
90 400 0 700 1000

LI
31 32 33 34 35
N
10 200 0010 250 1000

O
36 37 38 39 40
R
500 100 1000 900 0100

FO
41 42 43 44 45
101 110 300 200 700
99

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
F ill in the following table by writing the given numbers

in words.
Numbers in numerals Numbers in words

999
905
LY
1000
699
N
O
A game for writing 1000 by acting
SE
U
E
N
LI
N
O
Steps
R
1. I am the first. I write 1 by lifting my left hand

while facing you.
FO
2. I am the second. I write 0 by joining my fingers

I have created 0.
100

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
3. I am the DO NOT
third. DUPLICATE
I write 0 by joining
my fingers.
I have created 0.
4. I am the fourth. I write 0 by joining my fingers.
I have created 0.
5. What is the largest number we have created all
together?
LY
Exercise 4

N
1. Write the number 1000 in the blank boxes.
O
1000 1000 SE
_____ _____ _____ ____
U
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ____
2. If one zero is eliminated from 1000, what will be

E
the name of the new number?

N
3. If two zeros are eliminated from 1000, what will

LI
be the new number formed?

4. If three zeros are eliminated from 1000, what will
N
be the new number formed?

O
R
FO
101

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DOChapter
NOT DUPLICATE
Six
Recognising Fractions
In Standard One, you learned about a half and a quarter.
In this chapter you will learn about one third and two
thirds.
Revision exercise
LY
Write in numeral the fraction represented by the region A
or object A.
N
A
O
1. 2. 3.
A A
SE
U
4. A 5.
A
E
N
Write in words the fraction represented by the region A.

LI
6. 7.
N
A A
O
8. 9.
R
A
FO
102

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
A game for recognising one third and two thirds
We are three pupils. We are playing a game of one third
and two thirds. We stand in a straight line. One of us in
the middle holds hands with the rest.
Now, we become one whole.
LY
N
O
SE
U
I have to leave the line. Goodbye.
Look, now I am far from you.
E
N
LI
N
O
R
FO
I am one third of the three of us.

What about you?
We are two thirds of the three of us.
103

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Recognising one third
DO NOTand two thirds
DUPLICATE
An orange is divided into three equal parts. One part is
one third and the remaining two parts are two thirds.
LY
An orange
N
O
SE
U
The orange is divided into three equal parts

E
N
The removed The remaining two

piece of the pieces of the orange
LI
orange is one are two thirds.

third.
N
O
R
FO
One piece of the 1

__ 2
orange is removed. One third Two thirds __
3 3
104

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY

ecognise one third by looking at the named
R
parts.
Write the fraction represented by the named region.
1. 2.
one
LY
third
one third
N
O
3. 4. one
one third
third
SE
U
5. 6. one
one third
third
E
N
Example 2
LI
Write the fraction represented by the labelled

N
region A.
O
1. 2. A
R
A A A
FO
two thirds two thirds
105

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
3. 4.
A A A A
Two thirds
LY
Two thirds
N
Exercise 1

O
Write the fraction represented by the labelled
region B.
SE
U
1. 2.
B B B
E
N
LI
3. 4.
N
B
O
R
FO
106

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
B
5. 6.
B B
B
7. 8.
B B B
LY
N
Writing one third in numerals
O
Steps
1. Write 1.
SE
2. Write the sign _ under 1 so that it looks like 1.
U
3. Write 3 under the sign 1 to get the fraction 1 .
3
1
4. 3 is read as one third.
E
Writing two thirds in numerals

LI
Steps
N
1. Write 2.
O
2. Write the sign _ under 2 so that it looks like 2.

3. Write 3 under sign 2 to get the fraction 2 .
R
3
4. 2 is read as two thirds.
FO
107

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY


1. Write one third in numerals in every box.
LY
N
O
2. Write two thirds in numerals in every box.
SE
U
E

Exercise 3
N
LI
rite in words the fraction of the object with the letter

W
A.
N
Name the fraction

Objects Group of the object with
O
the letter A.
One fruit One third
R
1.
A among
FO
three
108

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Name the fraction of
Objects Group the object with the
letter A.
2. A
LY
3. A A
N
O
4.
A A
SE
U
5. A A
E
N
Exercise 4
LI
Write in words and in numerals the fraction of the labelled

region A.
N
Figure Name of the Fraction in

O
fraction in words numerals

R
FO
109

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Figure DO NOT
Name DUPLICATE
of the Fraction in
fraction in words numerals
LY
A A
N
Exercise 5
O

Fill the blanks in the following table.
Fraction in numerals
1
SE
Fraction in words
1. 2
U
2. one third
1
E
3. 4
N
4. 1
LI
5. half
N
6. whole
O
1
7. 3
R
8. two thirds
2
FO
9. 3
10. one fourth
110

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
rite the fraction of each of the labelled region B in
W
numerals.
1. 2.
B B
LY
B
N
O
3.
B B SE
U
4. 5.
E
N
B B
LI
N
O
R
6. B B
FO
111

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Chapter Seven
The Tanzanian currency
A currency is the type of money used in a country. The

Tanzanian shilling is our currency. Tanzanian money
is in the form of coins or banknotes. We use coins and
LY
banknotes to buy things.
Example
N
Pictures of Tanzanian Currency
O
Front side Back side
SE
U
50 shillings
E
N
100 shillings
LI
N
O
200 Shillings
R
FO
500 Shillings
112

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
1. M ention the name of the Tanzanian leader on the
200 shilling coin.
2. Name the animal on the 200 shilling coin.
3. Mention the name of the Tanzanian leader on the
LY
100 shilling coin.
N
O
50 shilling coin.
500 shilling coin.

SE
U
E
Study the pictures on the following coins.

N
LI
N
O
R
FO
113

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
1. Which coin has the lowest value?
2. Which coin has the highest value?
3. Which of the two coins can buy more sweets?
Read the following passage and then answer the
LY
questions in exercise 3.
Asha had 900 shillings. She used 500 shillings to buy a
N
pen. She spent 200 shillings to buy a pencil. Yohana had
O
900 shillings. He bought one pen and two pencils for the
same price.
200 Shillings 500 Shillings

SE
U
E
N
Exercise 3
LI

N
1. How much money did Asha spend?

O
2. How much money did Yohana spend?

R
3. How much money did Asha remain with?

FO
4. How much money did Yohana remain with?
114

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
ecognise the following Tanzanian coins and fill in the

R
blank spaces.
1. 4.
LY
A ______ shilling coin A _______ shilling coin
O
2. 5.
SE
U
A
______ shilling coin A _______ shilling coin

E
3. 6.
N
LI
N
A
______ shilling coin A _______ shilling coin

O
7. 8.
R
FO
A ______ shilling coin A _______ shilling coin
115

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Recognize signsDO
onNOT DUPLICATE
Tanzanian Banknotes
Study the features of a 500 and a 1000 Tanzanian
banknotes.
en
c im
e
Sp
LY
en
im
N
e c
Sp
O
en
SE
c im
e
U
Sp
en
E
c im
e
N
Sp
LI
N
Answer the following questions

O
1. L ist all the features on a 1000 Tanzanian shilling

banknote.
R
2. L ist all the features on a 500 Tanzanian shilling

FO
banknote.
3. N
ame the differences between the two banknotes
above.
116

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Compare values of the Tanzanian currency coins.
1. 10 coins of 50 shillings = ______ shillings
LY
N
O
Example
SE
U
ow many 50 shilling coins are there in a 100 shilling
H
coin?
There are two 50 shilling coins in a 100 shilling coin.
E
N
Exercise 6
LI
Compare the values of Tanzanian coins

N
1. How many 100 shilling coins are there in a 500

O
shilling coin?
________________________________________
R

FO
shilling coin?
________________________________________
117

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DOshilling
3. How many 100 NOT DUPLICATE
coins are there in a 200
shilling coin?
________________________________________
shilling coin?
________________________________________
LY
Exercise 7
N
ompare the values of Tanzanian banknotes and
C
O
coins.
SE
1. How many 500 shilling banknotes are there in a
1000 shilling banknote?
________________________________________
U
shilling banknote?
E
________________________________________
N

LI
shilling coin?
N
________________________________________
O
4. How many 100 shillings coins are there in a

1000 shilling banknote?
R
________________________________________
FO
118

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT
Total value of coins andDUPLICATE
blank notes
Example
2 200 shilling coins plus 1 100 shilling coin =
500 shillings.
Exercise 8
LY
Fill in the blank spaces provided.
N
1. _____ 200 shilling coins plus _____ 500 shilling
coin = 900 shillings.
O
coins = 550 shillings.
3.
SE
_____ 200 shilling coins plus _____ 500 shilling
banknote = 700 shillings.
U
5. _____ 100 shilling coins plus ____ 200 shilling
E

N
6. _____ 500 shilling banknote plus _____ 100

LI
shilling coins = 900 shillings.

N

O
8. _____ 200 shilling coin plus _____ 50 shilling

R
9. _____ 500 shilling banknote plus _____ 500

FO
shilling coin = 1000 shillings.

10.
_____ 50 shilling coins plus _____ 100 shilling
119

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO and
Read the conversation NOTanswer
DUPLICATE
the questions that
follow.
Juma I have a 1000 shilling banknote. I can buy
sweets, mangoes and exercise books.
Roza I have a 500 shilling banknote and a 200
shilling coin. I can buy a pencil and an
LY
exercise book.
Answer the following questions
N
1. How much money does Roza have?
O
2. How much money does Juma have?
3. Between Juma and Roza, who has more money?
4. SE
How much more money does Juma have than Roza?
Read the following passage and answer the questions
U
that follow.
E
N
LI
N
O
R
FO
120

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DOStandard
I am Juma. I am in NOT DUPLICATE
Two.
I have a 1000 shilling banknote.
I am going to buy school items.
I will buy one exercise book for 500 shillings.
I will buy one sharpener for 200 shillings.
I will buy one rubber for 100 shillings.
I will buy one pencil for 200 shillings.
LY
N
1. What school items will Juma buy?
2. How much money will Juma spend on an exercise
O
book and a pencil?
3. List other items that you can buy for 600 shillings.
SE
Exercise 9
U
rite the value of the following banknotes and coins.
W
1. 4.
E
n e
cim
N
e
Sp
LI
______________ ______________
N
O
2. 5.
en
im
R
c
Spe
FO
________________________ ________________________
121

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
3. 6.
________________________ ________________________
LY
Read the following dialogue and answer the questions
N
that follow.
O
Pupils Good morning!
Shopkeeper Good morning! You are welcome. Can I
Pupils
help you?
We have come to buy pens. How much
SE
does each cost?
U
Shopkeeper A pen costs 500 shillings.
Pupils We have 1000 shillings. How many pens
can we get?
E
Shopkeeper You will get two pens.

N
Pupils Give us two pens, please. Here is the

money.
LI
Shopkeeper Thank you, here are the pens.

N
Pupils Thank you.

O

1. What items did the pupils buy?
R
2. How much money did the pupils spend?

FO
3. If the pupils had 700 shillings, how many pens

would they buy?
122

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT
Adding money with DUPLICATE
values not exceeding 1000
shillings
Example
800 shillings plus 200 shillings equals 1000 shillings.

800 shillings + 200 shillings = 1000 shillings.
LY
Exercise 10
O
Fill in the blanks
1. 600 shillings plus 400 shillings, equals _________
shillings. SE
U
shillings.
E
shillings.
N
shillings.
LI

N
shillings.
O

shillings.
R

FO
shillings.
shillings.
123

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO320
9. 200 shillings plus NOTshillings
DUPLICATE
plus 480 shillings,
equals _________ Shillings.
10. 450 shillings plus 300 shillings plus 150 shillings,
equals _________ shillings.
Example
Word problems involving the addition of money
LY
Ali went to the market. He bought pears for 300 shillings.
He also bought oranges for 700 shillings. How much
N
money did he spend?
O
Steps
Oranges 700 shillings
Pears
Total
+ 300 shillingsSE
1000 shillings
U
Exercise 11
E
1. Maria got 300 shillings from her mother. She also

N
got 600 shillings from her father. How much money

LI
did she get in total?

N
2. Ali bought a plate for 450 shillings. He also bought

a cup for 340 shillings. How much money did he
O
spend?
3. A mother sold mangoes for 550 shillings. She also
R
sold pears for 400 shillings. How much money did

FO
she get in total?

4. A ruler is sold for 250 shillings. A pen is sold for 200
shillings. What is the total cost of the two items?
124

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO900
5. Amina received NOT DUPLICATE
shillings from her grandmother. She
also received 50 shillings from her uncle. How much
money did she receive in total?
6. A father bought milk for his child. He used 500 shillings
in the morning and 400 shillings in the evening. How
much did he spend on milk in total?
LY
Subtraction of amounts of money

Example 1
N
550 shillings minus 250 shillings remains 300 shillings.
O
550 - 250 = 300
Example 2 SE
800 shillings minus 200 shillings remains 600 shillings.
U
880 - 200 = 600
E
Exercise 12
N
Fill in the blanks.

LI
1. 900 shillings minus 800 shillings remains ________

shillings.
N

O
shillings.
R
shillings.
FO

shillings.
125

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT
5. 700 shillings minus 250DUPLICATE
shillings remains ________
shillings.
shillings.
shillings.
LY
shillings.
N
shillings.
O
shillings.
SE
Word problems involving subtraction of amount
U
of money
Example
E
Musa had 1000 shillings. He bought a pen for 650

N
shillings. How much money was left?

LI
Steps
1000 shillings
N
– 650 shillings
O
350 shillings
Therefore, Musa had 350 shillings left.

R
FO
126

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
1. Asha bought buns for 250 shillings. She gave a 1000
shilling note. How much change did she get?
2. Maria had 650 shillings. She gave 300 shillings to
her sister. How much money was left?
LY
3. Roza had 900 shillings. She bought an exercise book
for 500 shillings. How much money was left?
N
4. A balloon costs 800 shillings. If the price is reduced
O
by 150 shillings. What will be the new price?
5. Alex had 600 shillings in his pocket. He lost 450
SE
shillings. How much money was left?
U

E
N
LI
N
O
R
FO
127

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DOChapter
NOT DUPLICATE
Eight
Recognizing measurements
In this chapter you will learn measurement tools of

length, weight and volume.
Length
LY
Length is a measurement of an object from end to end.
Length can be measured horizontally or vertically.
N
We can measure things that have equal or unequal
O
lengths.
Tools for measurement of length
1. Standard tools
SE
Tape measure
U
E
N
LI
N
O
Ruler
R
FO
128

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
2. DO
Non standard NOT DUPLICATE
tools
Step
LY
N
O
Hands span
SE
U
E
N
LI
Rope
N
Units for measuring length

O
1. Kilometre
R
2. Metre
FO
3. Centimetre
4. Millimetre
129

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Study the following pictures.
LY
The bottles have equal The bottles have unequal
N
heights. heights.
O
SE
U
E
The pencils have equal The pencils have unequal

N
lengths. lengths.
LI
N
O
R
The walls of the houses The walls of the houses

have equal heights. have unequal heights.
FO
130

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Circle the letter of the shorter object.
1.
LY
A B
N
2.
O
A B
3.
SE
A
U
B
4.
E
N
LI
B
A
N
O
5.
R
FO
A B
131

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 2
1. Name things with equal lengths in your school.
2. List things with equal lengths from your home.
3. Name things with unequal lengths in your school.
LY

Distance
N
Distance is the length from one point to another. We can
O
arrange things in our environment. Things can be close or
far from each other.
Exercise 3
SE
S tudy the following picture and answer the questions
U
that follow.
E
N
LI
N
Po Sc
st ho
ol
O
ket
ar
R
M
FO
132

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
1. B
etween the Post Office and the open market,
which one is nearer to the school?
2. B
etween the Post Office and the car on the road,
which one is closer to the school?
3. B
etween the open market and the school, which
one is closer to the Post Office?
LY
Mass
N
1. Standard tools
O
Beam balance
SE
U
E
N
LI
Kitchen scale
N
O
R
FO
133

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
2. DO NOT DUPLICATE
Non-standard tools
Sacks
LY
Bucket
N
O
Tin
SE
U
E
N
Hands
LI
N
O
R
Measuring units of mass

FO
1. Gram
2. Kilogram
134

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Circle the object which is heavier.

1. 2.
LY
3. 4.
N
sugar Wheat flour
8 kg Sugar 10 kg Wheat flour
2kg 3kg
O
5. 6.
Beans
Beans
SE Rice
Rice
70 kg 40kg 50kg 100 kg
U
7. 8.
E
Maize Maize Flour Maize flour

N
Maize
50 kg 30kg 80 kg 40kg
LI
N
9. 10.
O
R
FO
135

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Volume or capacities
1. Standard devices
LY
N
O
SE 5 Litres
U
Measuring cylinder Beaker Gallon
E
N
2. Non-standard device
LI
N
O
R
FO
Bottle Jug Glass
136

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT
Units for measuring DUPLICATE
volume or capacities
1. Millilitres
2. Litres
3. Cubic centimetres
Capacity
The capacity of a device for measuring valume is the
LY
amount that fills the device. We can compare capacities
of two or more devices.
N
Exercise 5
O
a b
SE
U
1. Which bottle has more liquid than the other?
E
a b
N
LI
N
2. Which jug has more juice?

O
3. Which objects have the same capacity in your

home?
R
4. Which objects have the same capacity at your

FO
school?
5. What objects in the shop have the same
capacity?
137

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Chapter Nine
Identifying figures
Identifying plane figures/shapes
Plane figures are recognized by their flat faces. Study
the following figures and answer questions that follow.
LY
N
O
Rectangle A shape of a rectangle
SE
U
E
Square A shape of a square

N
LI
N
O
Circle A shape of a circle

R
FO
138

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Parallelogram A shape of a parallelogram
LY
N
Trapezium A shape of a trapezium
O
SE
U
Triangle A shape of a triangle
E
N
LI
Rhombus A shape of a rhombus

N
O
R
Oval Oval
FO
The plane figures with four sides are called quadrilaterals.
139

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY

1. Name things that have a shape of a circle?
2. Which things in your classroom have a shape of a
rectangle?
3. Name things that have a shape of a triangle
LY
4. Mention any objects with a square shape.
5. What objects have an oval shape?
N
6. List the names of the quadrilaterals from your
O
answers above.
Activity
Playing “ukuti ukuti”
SE
Let us play together by joining our hands as indicated in
U
the picture below.
E
N
LI
N
O
R
FO
140

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO and
Let us sing the song NOT then
DUPLICATE
answer the questions that
follow.
Leaders Ukuti ukuti
Followers Wa mnazi wa mnazi
Leaders Mwenzetu mwenzetu
Followers Kagongwa kagongwa
LY
Leaders Na nini na nini?
Followers Na gari na gari
N
Tumpeleke hospitalini asije kusema
O
kwa baba yake
yesa yesa yesa yee
SE
Cheza kidogo yesa, yesa, yesa yee

U
Exercise 2
nswer the following questions according to the play.
A
E
1. What shape does the arrangement of players relate

N
to?
LI
2. What other game is similar to this game?.

N
3. What game has a rectangular arrangement?

O
R
FO
141

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
nswer the following questions in relation to shapes.

A
a b c
LY
N
O
d e f
SE
U
h
g
E
i
N
LI
N
1. Write the letters of all the shapes with four sides.

2. Write the letter appearing in the shape of a circle.
O
3. Write the letters of all the shapes with three

R
sides.
4. Mention the shapes that are different from the
FO
shape of a triangle or a circle.
142

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Learning how to draw plane shapes

Study plane figures by drawing them.
1. D
raw a circle by
LY
tracing a 100
shilling coin.
This is a shape of a plane
N
figure.
O
2. D
raw a
rectangle by
SE
tracing around a
U
matchbox.
figure.
E
N
LI
3. D
raw a triangle
by tracing
N
the toy of a
O
pyramid.
R
figure.
FO
143

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
S tudy the following figures and then answer the

questions below.
a b c
LY
N
O
d e f
SE
U
g h i
E
N
LI
1. Write the letters of all the shapes of plane figures.

N
2. Write the letters of all the shapes of non-plane

O
figures.
3. Write the names of any three shapes of plane
R
figures.
FO
144

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Non-plane figures
Non-plane figures are shapes or figures which have
length, width and thickness, or height. Non-plane shapes
have capacities or volumes.
Examples
Non-plane shapes Real objets Figures
LY
1.
N
cylinder
O
2.
SE cone
U
3.
E
prism
N
4.
LI
cube
N
5.
O
sphere
R
FO
6.
pyramid
145

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
ut a tick
P for plane figures and a cross × for
non-plane figures in the spaces provided.
1. 6.
LY
2. 7.
N
O
3. 8.
SE
U
4. 9.
E
N
LI
5. 10.
N
O
R
Plane and non-plane shapes

FO
How to identify plane and non-plane shapes.

Plane shapes have flat faces, while non-plane shapes
have a volume or a capacity.
146

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
This is a plane shape. This is a non-plane shape.
LY
Exercise 6
Write the word plane or non-plane in the blanks.
N
1. 4.
O
This shape is ______
SE This shape is ______
U
2. 5.

E
N
LI
This shape is ______ This shape is ______

N
3. 6.
O
This shape is ______ This shape is ______

FO
7. Draw any two plane shapes.

8. Draw any two non-plane shapes.
147

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 7
Draw and colour the following shapes.
1. 2.
A shape of a rectangle A shape of a parallelogram
LY
3. 4.
N
A shape of a triangle A shape of a trapezium
O
5. 6.
A shape of a square SE
A shape of a rhombus
7. 8.
U
A shape of a circle Oval
E
9. 10.
N
LI
A shape of a sphere A shape of a pyramid

N
11. 12.
O
A shape of a cone A shape of a cylinder

R
13. 14.
FO
A shape of a prism A shape of a cube
148

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Chapter Ten
Collecting and Listing objects
Collecting different things/objects from the environment
The environment consists of different objects which can
be collected, named and counted. For example, different
seeds and bottle tops. Avoid collecting dangerous objects
LY
like razor blades and needles.
Examples
N
O
SE Bottle tops
U
E
N
Sticks
LI
N
O
R
Maize seeds
FO
149

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
Activity DO NOT DUPLICATE
1.
Collect different counting objects from your school
surroundings.
Example
LY
N
O
SE
U
E
N
LI
N
O
R
FO
150

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
2. DO NOT DUPLICATE
Sorting objects
Put together similar objects you have collected.
Example
LY
N
O
SE
U
3. Recording
E
Write the name and number of objects in the Table

N
below.
LI
Number of
Number Objects Name
N
objects
O
Example Beans 5
R
1.
FO
151

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
2.
LY
3.
N
O
4. SE
U
E
5.
N
LI
N
O
6.
R
FO
152

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
4. Arrange theDO
objects together
NOT DUPLICATE
The pupils have succeeded in arranging the objects.
Example
LY
N
O
SE
U
E
N
LI
Exercise 1
N

O
1. How many bean seeds are there?

2. How many maize seeds are there?
R
3. List other objects that are not seeds.

FO
4. Which set of items has more objects?

5. How many types of fruits are there?
153

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY
DO NOT DUPLICATE
Exercise 2
nswer the following questions using the table in exer-
A
cise 3.
1. Which sets have the fewest objects?

2. Which set has the most objects?
LY
3. Which sets have an equal number of objects?
4. Name all the food items in the pictures.
N
5. Name the items in the pictures that are not food.
O
Collecting objects
Exercise 3
SE
U
1. Collect 10 objects around the school that can be
counted.
E
2. List the objects that you have collected.

N
a ...........................
b ...........................
LI
c ...........................
N
d ...........................
O
e ...........................
f ...........................
R
g ...........................
FO
h ...........................
i ...........................
154

Arithmetic Standard Two

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Tanzania Institute of Education

ARITHMETICS PUPIL'S STD 2.indd 1 23/07/2021 19:02

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All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be

copied, printed, transformed or reproduced in any form or

ARITHMETICS PUPIL'S STD 2.indd 2 23/07/2021 19:02

Recognizing measurements.......................................... 128

Collecting and listing objects....................................... 149

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Finally, the Institute would like to thank the Ministry of

process of writing this book.

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This is the second book in a series of two books for

ARITHMETICS PUPIL'S STD 2.indd 5 23/07/2021 19:02

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Write the following numbers in words.

Write the following numbers in numerals.

1. Thirty-five _____ 7. Seventy-one _____

2. Zero _____ 8. Fifty-two _____

3. Eleven _____ 9. Eighty _____

5. Sixty-eight _____ 11. Fifty _____

ARITHMETICS PUPIL'S STD 2.indd 1 23/07/2021 19:02

Answer the following questions.

Name the fractions of the region labelled A in questions

6, 7, 8, 9,10 and 11.

ARITHMETICS PUPIL'S STD 2.indd 2 23/07/2021 19:02

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10 tens equals to 1 hundreds and

0 tens. Write 0 in the tens place

and 1 in the hundreds place.

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Write 8 in the tens place.

Therefore, the answer is 80.

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Answer the following addition questions.

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ARITHMETICS PUPIL'S STD 2.indd 11 23/07/2021 19:02

Therefore, the answer is 80.

ARITHMETICS PUPIL'S STD 2.indd 12 23/07/2021 19:02

hundreds from the Ones

hundreds place and

out the 0 in the tens

place and write 10.

the10 tens and

ones. There 9 tens

out the 10 in the 9 10

9, and cross out the 0 10

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Subtract the numbers in the following questions.

ARITHMETICS PUPIL'S STD 2.indd 14 23/07/2021 19:02

10. 100 – 25 = 16. 100 – 95 =

11. 100 – 45 = 17. 100 – 66 =

12. 100 – 21 = 18. 100 – 12 =

14. 100 – 29 = 20. 100 – 34 =

1. Thirty-five _ 7. Seventy-one _

2. Zero _ 8. Fifty-two _

3. Eleven _ 9. Eighty _

5. Sixty-eight _ 11. Fifty _

3. T ake 1 hundreds from the hundreds

1. 409 _ 6. 419 _

3. 259 _ 8. 262 _

5. 206 _ 10. 375 _

1. 198, _, 200 4. 378, _, 380

2. _, 313 7. _, 333

3. _, 400 8. _, 179

4. _, 210 9. _, 164

5. _, 355 10. _, 220

____ _