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    Mathematics in Our World

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    Cristine Dolor

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Mathematics in Our World

    Uploaded by

    Cristine Dolor
    2 views43 pages

    Original Title

    1. MATHEMATICS IN OUR WORLD

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    2 views43 pages

    Mathematics in Our World

    Uploaded by

    Cristine Dolor

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 43

    MATHEMATICS IN THE

    MODERN WORLD
    GE-MMW
    CONTENTS

    1) MATHEMATICS IN OUR WORLD


    1.1 Patterns and Numbers in Nature and the World
    1.2 The Fibonacci Sequence
    1.3 Aspects of Mathematics
    1.3.1 Mathematics for Organization
    1.3.2 Mathematics for Prediction
    1.3.3 Mathematics for Control
    1.3.4 Mathematics is Indispensable
    What is the first thing that comes to
    your mind when you hear the word
    “MATH” ?
    Mathematics is the science of numbers and their operations,
    interrelations, combinations, generalizations, and abstractions and of
    space configurations and their structure, measurement,
    transformations, and generalizations.
    - Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary

    ART
    STUDY OF
    PATTERNS
    TOOL

    PROCESS OF
    LANGUAGE THINKING
    Patterns and Numbers in Nature and the World
    PATTERNS

    A pattern is a structure, form or design that is regular,


    consistent or recurring.
    Patterns can be found in:
    nature Abstract ideas

    human-made designs
    PATTERNS

    Any regularity that can be explained mathematically is a


    pattern.
    An investigation of nature’s pattern is an investigation in
    nature’s numbers.
    ✓ Relationships can be observed
    ✓ Logical connections can be established
    ✓ Generalizations can be inferred
    ✓ Future events can be predicted
    ✓ Control can possibly be possible
    Test Yourself

    Determine the next figure in the following sequence.

    1.

    2. 0 1 4 9 16 25

    3.
    KINDS OF PATTERNS

    PATTERNS OF VISUALS
    Visual patterns are often unpredictable, never quite
    repeatable, and often contain fractals.
    KINDS OF PATTERNS

    PATTERNS OF FLOW
    Patterns of flow are usually found in water, stone and even
    in the growth of trees.
    KINDS OF PATTERNS

    PATTERNS OF MOVEMENT
    Movement patterns compose all our daily movements. They
    are the primal foundation for movement in the human body.
    KINDS OF PATTERNS

    PATTERNS OF MOVEMENT
    The prevalence pattern of locomotion extends to the
    scuttling of insects, pulsations of jellyfish and wave-like
    movements of fish, worms and snakes.
    KINDS OF PATTERNS

    PATTERNS OF TEXTURE
    Texture is a quality of a certain object that we sense
    through touch. It exists as a literal surface that we can
    feel, see and imagine.
    KINDS OF PATTERNS

    PATTERNS OF RHYTHM
    Rhythm is the most basic pattern in nature. Our hearts and
    lungs follow a regular repeated pattern of sounds or
    movement whose timing is adapted to our body’s needs.
    KINDS OF PATTERNS

    GEOMETRIC PATTERNS
    Geometric patterns consist of series of shapes that are
    typically repeated. These are regularities in the natural
    world that are repeated in a regular manner.
    COMMON PATTERNS IN NATURE

    WAVES AND DUNES SPIRALS

    SPOTS AND STRIPES


    COMMON PATTERNS IN NATURE

    SYMMETRIES
    Symmetry is the property of
    being the same or
    corresponding on both sides
    of a central dividing line.
    It is a correspondence in the
    position of pairs of points of a
    geometric object that are
    equally positioned about a
    point, line, or plane that
    bisects the object. FACIAL SYMMETRY
    COMMON PATTERNS IN NATURE

    KINDS OF SYMMETRY
    1. Reflection/Bilateral
    Symmetry
    - It is also called line or
    mirror symmetry. It is a
    symmetry in which an
    imaginary plane divides an
    object into halves, each side
    being a mirror image of the
    other.
    COMMON PATTERNS IN NATURE

    KINDS OF SYMMETRY
    2. Rotational Symmetry
    - Symmetry in which an image 72˚
    of an object looks the same
    when rotated by a certain
    angle (of less than one full
    turn).
    - The degree of rotational
    symmetry is recognized by the
    number of distinct
    orientations on which it looks
    the same after a rotation.
    COMMON PATTERNS IN NATURE

    KINDS OF SYMMETRY
    3. Translational Symmetry
    - Translations acquire
    symmetries when units are
    repeated and turn out
    having identical figures, like
    bee’s honeycomb with
    hexagonal tiles.
    FIBONACCI IN NATURE

    The presence of Fibonacci numbers in nature is considered


    one of the biggest mysteries as they appears from smallest
    up to the biggest object in the natural world.
    FIBONACCI IN NATURE

    The presence of Fibonacci numbers in nature is considered


    one of the biggest mysteries as they appears from smallest
    up to the biggest object in the natural world.
    CONTENTS

    1) MATHEMATICS IN OUR WORLD


    1.1 Patterns and Numbers in Nature and the World
    The Fibonacci
    1.2 The Fibonacci Sequence Sequence
    1.3 Mathematics helps organize patterns and
    regularities in the world
    FIBONACCI SEQUENCE

    Fibonacci sequence was named after an Italian


    mathematician Leonardo Pisano Bigollo (1170 – 1250). His
    nickname was Fibonacci.
    FIBONACCI SEQUENCE

    Fibonacci sequence is a numerical sequence such that


    each number is the sum of two preceding ones, starting
    from 0 and 1.
    That is
    F0 = 0, F1 = 1
    and
    Fn = Fn-1 + Fn-2
    for n > 1.
    FIBONACCI SEQUENCE

    Fn = Fn-1 + Fn-2
    Example:
    Take n = 8
    F8 = F8-1 + F8-2
    F8 = F7 + F6
    F8 = 13 + 8
    F8 = 21
    FIBONACCI SPIRAL

    0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8,13, 21, …

    The Fibonacci spiral: an


    approximation of the
    golden spiral created by
    drawing circular arcs
    connecting the opposite
    corners of squares in the
    Fibonacci tiling.
    GOLDEN RATIO

    The ratio of two successive Fibonacci numbers


    approaches to the number φ (phi), which is
    approximately equal to 1.618.

    0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8,13, 21, …
    1 3 8 21
    =1 = 1.5 = 1.6 =1.615
    1 2 5 13

    2 5 13 34
    =2 = 1.667 = 1.625 = 1.619
    1 3 8 21
    GOLDEN RATIO

    The ratio of two successive Fibonacci numbers


    approaches to the number φ (phi), which is
    approximately equal to 1.618.

    0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8,13, 21, …
    55 144 377
    = 1.618 = 1.618 =1.618
    34 89 233

    89 233 610
    = 1.618 = 1.618 = 1.618
    55 144 377
    GOLDEN RATIO

    Architecture Photography
    Nature
    GOLDEN RATIO

    Formula for computing the nth term in the Fibonacci Sequence

    φ𝑛 − 1 − φ 𝑛
    𝐹𝑛 =
    5
    where:
    𝐹𝑛 - Fibonacci number of the nth term
    φ – value of the golden ratio (1.618)
    TEST YOURSELF

    What is the 10th Fibonacci number?

    φ𝒏 − 𝟏 − φ 𝒏
    𝑭𝒏 =
    𝟓
    𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎
    𝟏. 𝟔𝟏𝟖 − 𝟏 − 1.618
    𝑭𝒏 =
    𝟓

    𝑭𝒏 = 55
    GOLDEN RATIO

    Formula for computing the sum of a range of Fibonacci numbers

    𝑆𝑛 = 𝐹𝑛+2 − 1

    where:
    𝑆𝑛 - sum of n terms of Fibonacci series
    TEST YOURSELF

    Find the sum of 𝑭𝟏 up to 𝑭𝟏𝟎 .

    𝑺𝒏 = 𝑭𝒏+𝟐 − 𝟏
    𝑺𝟏𝟎 = 𝑭𝟏𝟎+𝟐 − 𝟏
    𝑺𝟏𝟎 = 𝑭𝟏𝟐 − 𝟏
    𝑺𝟏𝟎 = 𝟏𝟒𝟒 − 𝟏
    𝑺𝟏𝟎 = 𝟏𝟒𝟑
    𝑭𝟏𝟐
    1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8,13, 21, 34,55,89,144
    TEST YOURSELF

    Find the sum of 𝑭𝟏 up to 𝑭𝟏𝟎 .


    𝒏
    φ𝒏 − 𝟏 − φ 𝒏
    𝑺𝒏 = ෍
    𝒏=𝒊
    𝟓
    𝟏𝟎
    1.618 𝒙 − 𝟏 − 1.𝟔𝟏𝟖 𝒙
    𝑺𝟏𝟎 = ෍
    𝒏=𝟏
    𝟓
    𝑺𝟏𝟎 = 143
    Aspects of Mathematics
    Mathematics for Organization

    Mathematics is a useful tool to organize things. These tools


    help us in making sound analysis and better decisions in our
    day-to-day activities.
    Mathematics for Control

    Mathematics is utilized for controlling amount, quantity,


    intensity and degree or level of things to meet certain
    standards.
    Mathematics for Prediction

    Mathematics is a useful tool in predicting phenomena.


    Using probability, experts can calculate the chance of an
    event to occur and future events can be predicted.
    Mathematics is Indispensable

    Mathematics is extremely beneficial. Most of the essential


    activities require the use of mathematics.
    Mathematics is Indispensable

    Mathematics is not just about memorizing formula and


    solving for unknown values of x. It can be found on simple
    things and in nature. Mathematics is a tool, just learn how
    to use it and it will be a great skill to possess.
    On your journey to becoming a civil engineer, a knowledge
    of mathematics will be helpful. At most basic level, logical
    reasoning and critical thinking skills are crucial skills that
    are needed in any endeavor.
    SEATWORK

    Determine the following Fibonacci numbers and perform


    the given operation.
    1.) 𝑭𝟏𝟑
    2.) 𝑭𝟐𝟎
    3.) 𝑭𝟐𝟐 + 𝑭𝟐𝟕
    4.) 𝑭𝟏 x 𝑭𝟕 + 𝑭𝟏𝟐 − 𝑭𝟔
    5.) Find the sum of the first ten Fibonacci numbers.
    -- end of presentation --

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