126.

Cyaretsemo
Kwambara umwendainyamibwa:
wa Adamu Cyahagazwemo n’indatwa
bimaze kuba indwara. zizira amakemwa.
Turatabariza u Rwanda, Ibibazo byo kumva umwandiko
abambara ibiterasoni bisubireho. Wabonye
127. Zigahimbaza isibo: Zikishimira umuvuduko.aho umuntu agenda ibice by’umubiri
bishushanya ibikari n’amarembo yabyo. Sigaho kwihemukira, ayo maribori Soma umwandiko unasubize ibizazo bikurikira
128. Zigashingana
azakirigitwa Kigese: igihango
n’uzakwegurira Zigaterera
kuKigese.
munsi wagenwe 1) Uhereye ku mashusho n’ikivugwa, uyu mwandiko ni bwoko ki?
129. Zikabyukurutsa
Ubugabo butisubirahoIngabe:
bubyaraZigahagurutsa
ububwa. Nyamukobwa ni wowe
ingoma y’ingabe mbwira, koma
ikazirangaza imbere. 2) Ese mu by’ukuri inka irivuga? Sobanura.
inkanda y’umubyeyi wo hambere, ibije byose si iterambere! Na basaza banyu bage 3) Vuga amazina nibura atanu y’ahantu havugwa muri iri zina ry’inka.
130. I Nyamagana ya Mutakara: Ni mu Ruhango. 4) Inzina ry’umwami rivugwa muri uyu mwandiko ni irihe?
bamenya kwikwiza. Musaza wawe niyambara nabi ipantaro, uzamusabe gusigaho!
Nuhura
131. na nyokobukwe
Zigashingira umusuhuze
indamutsa imyatongozayigiriye:
uraho nyoko we, ngo kuko
Zigatangira uvuye kwiga
kwibwira ingoma 5) Buri gice cy’uyu mwandiko kiri gusozwa n’interuro imwe isa hose. Ni iyihe?
i Burayi! Amashuri ntazagushuke ngo wibagirwe umuco wakureze,
y’indamutsa ibikorwa byagatangaza yayikoreye. Indamutsa yari ingoma ukawonka
ukagukuza. Ni byo, umuco uravuka ugakura ugasaza, ariko mwoye kujugunya byose 1.9. Amazina y’inka
y’ibwami, iyo yavugaga yabaga imenyesheje rubanda ko umwami atangiye
ngo mwegukire amahanga! Nyamuna ibibengerana byose burya si zahabu; kwijima
imibonano,
k’umwijima iyoimpyisi
bitera yabaga itaravuga
kuva ntawashoboraga
mu masenga n’imyuka mibi kugira icyo abaza umwami
gutembera! Kora ubushakashatsi utahure inshoza y’amazina y’inka mvano y’amazina
n’iyo yabaga amubona. y’inka, umwanya inganzo y’amazina y’inka ifite mu buvanganzo
Banyarwanda, dusubire ku isoko naho ubundi nidukomeza kujya hanze cyane
132. Aho twonse
y’umuco ni mu igisha ryazo:
kuva kera Ubwo
kugeza ni muaya,
magingo giheturirahuriraho
zigisha (zigiye aho ubwatsi
umuriro. Gutarama nyarwanda, imiterere y’amazina y’inka n’ubundi bumenyi bunyuranye
ducabusigaye
imigani, twivuga, dutera urwenya
baziteganyirije mu gihe byagiye nka nyomberi. Utubyiniro tw’ijoro,
k’impeshyi). bujyanye n’inganzo y’amazina y’inka.
utubari
133. n’amahoteri
I Bwishaza: Nibyasimbuye
akarere koibitaramo
muri Huye.nyarwanda. Ibitangazamakuru binyuranye
bikomoza
134. cyane ku byo tumaze
Ntayirasohorerwa inda:kuvuga haruguru.
Nta n’imwe Nibakomereze
irata umwanya wayo aho, batoze bene
ngo isubizwe Imvano y’inganzo y’amazina y’inka.
Kanyarwanda umuco w’i Rwanda, abana, ababyeyi, inkumi n‘abasore bamenye
inyuma. Mu Rwanda rwa kera inka yari ifite agaciro gakomeye cyane. Inka yari ikimenyetso
kwambara bikwije badashashe iwabo w’abantu ku manywa y’ihangu, batozwe
135. Ku kirwa:
kwivuga, Ni ku
gusakuza, kirwa kitwa
gutebya, kuvugaMurwa
amazinakiriy’inka;
mu Kivu hakurya
urwenya ya Nyamasheke,
na byendagusetsa cy’ubukire, ni yo yari ifaranga ry’ubu, ni yo yari ipfundo ry’ubuhake. Iyo wahakwaga
bigecyari urwurikurusha
bibaruhura rw’Umuhozi.
kwirirwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga bashinyagurira amaso ugacyura igihe bakakugororera, bavugaga ko ucyuye umunyafu cyangwa se ko ucyuye
136.
ngo Zigahindukirana ishya: Zikava
arareba ibiterasoni bibajyana mu ngeso ziyobora
kuri icyo kirwamu nzira yo
zimeze kurimbuka.
neza, zikeye. Yewe ubuhanga ugabanye bwa mbere kwa shobuja. Tuzi neza ko ubuhake bwarambye mu
n’iyo yaba ari ubushakashatsi umuntu akora, narebe icyo buzungura rubanda mu Rwanda nta handi bwari bushingiye usibye ku nka. Ubuhake rero bwahambiraga
iterambere bakeneye.
ImyitozoAbwirwa benshi akumva beneyo.
y’inyunguramagambo umugaragu kuri shebuja ugasanga baribereye nk’akaremo n’umuse, umugaragu
akitwa umuntu wa shebuja, akamwirahira igihe cyose amushima kumuhaka.
1) Simbuza ijambo cyangwa itsinda ry’amagambo aciyeho akarongo andi Ubuhake bwavunnye benshi kugeza babuvugiyeho. Bamwe bati: “Ubuhake burica;
I. Ibibazo by’inyunguramagambo:
bivuga kimwe aboneka mu mwandiko kandi usanishe neza. ubuhake bujya kukwica buguca iwanyu; ubuhake bwananiranye bukukisha
nyirigira umugabo ikijyaruguru”. Ariko na none hari abo bwatoneshaga bakagashira nka
1. a) Mu Rwanda
Sobanura ijambo rwo hambereitsinda
cyangwa yaricaga agakiza.
ry’amagambo akurikira:
b) Maribori arakuze bihagije yarambiranye kurebwa. Gashamura bati: “ubuhake bwa cyane bukunyaza mu ngoro”. Ubuhake kandi
a) Ku ntare z’inyabutatu e) Abatura ibishyito i) Inkono ivuga bwateraga ubwibombarike, bati: “Iyo ubuhake bwateye hejuru uratendera”. Ariko
c) Kamanzi azi kwitegereza, abonye umubyeyi uteze urugori rubengerana.
b) Umuhana f) Inzira g) Imyoma kandi ngo uwafataga nabi abagaragu yarabigayirwaga; umugaragu wahemukiraga
d) Mbe Kampayana ka Nyantaba ko ubadukanye imbaraga, wikanze iki?
c) Amahindura g) Acyura ubuhange shebuja yaragayikaga. Uwabaga ahatse abagaragu yagombaga kubagoboka bari
e) Umunyeshuri utajijinganya mu bikorwa ashimwa na bose.
d) Koma inkanda h) Kwambara umwenda wa Adamu mu byago. Umugaragu na shebuja babaga bafitanye ubumwe bwafatiye ku nka,
f) Tera ibyo byuma amazi akonje tubicure bidakabije ubushyuhe.
2. g)Koresha yakenyutse
aya magambo
Rumaziminsi akiri muto,
mu nteruro igaragaza ko wumva igisobanuro gihuje
rwamuhushye. ari magara ntunsige. Iyo ubwo bumwe bwazagamo agatotsi ku mugaragu, shebuja
n’umwandiko:
h) Uyu muhoro gutindura, kwavura,
wacitse kubera guca ireme.
kubura urwa mbehe,
Mwawuguze mbabwira! yaramunyagaga, naho byaba biturutse kuri shebuja, umugaragu akamwimura akajya
intwari risobanura
y’ikirangirire gukeza ahandi.
3. i)VugaRudahigwa
ijambo ririyabaye
mu mwandiko ubwo yemeraga
kuvugisha kubatizwa.
ukuri kwambaye ubusa?
j) Ko muhindukiye muhimbawe cyane, mwakiriwe bishimishije? Intwari yo ku rugamba yagororerwaga inka ikitwa inka y’ubumanzi. Ubaye ikigwari
4. k)Andika imbusane
Mbese y‘ amagambo
turasurwa aciyeho
n’abayobozi akarongo
bahe mu nteruro
ko numva ikurikira
urusobe uyakuye
rw’imirishyo na we ku rugamba yatangaga ikiru k’inka, iyo nka ikitwa inka y’imirindi kuko
mu mwandiko kandi
imena amatwi? uyisanishe neza
yahunze urugamba, agatererana bagenzi be. Inka yungaga inshuti, uwahemukiye
Murebe
2) Murikure, zina ibibengerana
iri burya ry’inka, harimobyose si byiza. avuga ubwiza cyangwa
amagambo undi mu bintu bikomeye akamuha ikiru k’inka. Inka yahuzaga inshuti n’imiryango
uturango tw’ubwiza, yavuge. kuko abahanaga inka babaga babaye inshuti magara.

62
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 Inshamake
Inka bayikwaga umugeni. Umusore wabaga adafite amikoro yo kubona inka Iyo abana baganira bigashyira kera, igisakuzo nk’icyo iyo utakishe, arakiyicira
yashoboraga gutenda, agakora imirimo izahura n’icyakwitwa agaciro k’inka akagutega ikindi ati: “Cyamatimbatimba cya maguru umunani....”. Abana bicaranye
kugira ngo umukobwa wa naka yakunze amwegukane. Umukwe mukuru ati: na ba nyirakuru baba bagize umugisha, bababwira ibya Nyabucurere, ibya Maguru
Nsigaranye ko: ya Sarwaya n’insibika, n’ibindi. Ibi bikanezeza abana ndetse n’abantu bakuru.
“Turabakwera umunani cyangwa se mudutegeke ikindi”. Umusore wabaga yaraye
• Ibisigo by’ubuse basanze bihimbitse nk’ibisetso ndetse ngo birenze ibisetso
arongoye baramubyukurukirizaga inka zikamukamirwa. Mu itwikurura ry’umugeni Nimugoroba abana bafatwa n’ibitotsi vuba, abatura ibishyito bataragira icyo
bigasa n’ibisebanyo. Ni inganzo yaba yaravukiye mu matorero y’intore, aho
bazanaga amata. Inka yari ifite akamaro kanini mu muco w’Abanyarwanda. Umubyeyi bakoza ku munwa, babakangishaga akavumburamashyiga bagakunda bagatarama
wasangaga abantu biga kuvuga neza, bagacyocyorana ntihagire urakara.
yarabyaraga bajya kumuhemba bakazana amata. Umwana iyo yashyinguraga kugeza inkono ivuga bayiteruye ku ntare z’inyabutatu. Mu miryango ifite ubukwe
Abahimbaga ibisigo by’ubuse, babaga bagambiriye gusetsa abandi bahungu. bw’umukobwa ushyingirwa bararaga umuhuro, bakubuka mu bukwe ku mpande
se cyangwa sekuru yahabwaga inka y’inkuracyobo (inkuramwobo). Umwana
• Urwenya na
washyinguraga byendagusetsa
nyina ari inkuru
cyangwa nyirakuru zisetsa cyane
byitwaga gukamiraku buryo
nyinaumuntu
cyangwa zombi, iw’umukobwa n’iw‘umuhungu bakarara inkera bishimira ko bungutse
nyirakuru. Mu mihango yo kwera hazagamo ibyerekeye kujya ku kibumbiro,ariko
uzibariwe ababaye cyangwa arakaye yururuka. Byendagusetsa yo
hakazamo amaboko, abandi ko bunguye umuhana, ariko ko bapfunditse ipfundo rikomeye
n’ibyobakavuga
guha amata koabana
yendab’uwatabarutse.
gusetsa kuko mu Muby’ukuri
ndamukanyobavuzez’Ango irashekeje dusanga
banyarwanda mbere ry’igihango. Mu ruturuturu wajyaga kumva ukumva bararoha ibyivugo, bashoza
y’uko ibarwa ntawaseka iby’iyo nkuru igiye kuvugwa.
abantu bifurizanya gutunga bati:”Gira inka, amashyo”, usubiza ati: ”Amashyo ngore!” bagira bati:“Uri inyundo uri inyana ya Rukara rwa Ruyange, uri inyundo...”
• Ikivugo k’iningwa ari ikivugo kigufi kirangwa n’ibigwi (amazina y’abantu Bati: “Yewe...ngwino utubwire icyo wamariye abandi bahungu, uri inyundo,...”
Nta Munyarwanda
intwari yishe wakwiyibagiza
n’aho yabiciye),kon’ibirindiro
mu byo Abanyarwanda bafatiragaho
(ibikorwa bigaragaza bagena
ubutwari Bagakomeza batyo, bagera hagati bakaba bahindura, amazina y’inka agasobanurwa
ibihe by’umunsi,
bwe.) inka yari ifitemo uruhare runini. Dore nawe baravugaga bati: bagahogora, inzira, imyoma, amahindura ntibatanwaga nayo kuzageza iminsi mikuru
ihumuje, intango bakaziranga, ibyansi bakabitindura mbese isuku igakorwa.
- • Inka zivuye
Ikivugo mu rugo:
k’imyato ariaho ni nko
ikivugo mu masaa
kirekire gifitemoya;
ibika bibiri cyangwa birenzeho
bitazikamwa:
imyato. Uwivuga yitakuma akorera Burya rero ngo abazimu bazira mu mvuzo. Muri icyo gihe k’ibyishimo hashoboraga
- Inka aho ni nko mu masaa moyaicumu, asukiranya
n’iminota 15, ubwo amagambo vuba
ziba zikamirwa
vuba. Uwabaga intwari ku rugamba yaragororerwaga, akambikwa umudende, kuvuka amahane, uwakosheje bashoboraga kwicara bagasasa inzobe uwateye
ku nama;
impotore cyangwa se agakorerwa amahane yaborewe cyangwa yabitewe n’umurengwe bakamuhana bakirinda
- Inka zahutse: aho ni nka saa mbiri; umuhango ukomeye wo gucana uruti. kumuhana kandi babona yarahanutse ikibazo bakagikura mu muryango bakakijyana
- • Inyana
Amazina y’inkaaho
zahutse: yagereranywa n’ibyivugo
ni nka saa mbiri by’inka.
zirengaho Inka z’inyambo batangiye
duke; hanze. Abacamanza cyangwa abashinjacyaha b’umwuga nk’uko tubizi ubu , kera
kuzirata cyane mu mivugo kuva kera, ariko imihimbire y’amazina y’inka yaje ntibabagaho. Abakuru b’imiryango bari bafite izo nshingano zo kwegeranya
- Inyana zitaha: nko mu masaa yine;
kwamamara ku ngoma ya Yuhi Gahindiro ahagana mu mwaka wa 1800. abagomeranye, basobanura neza ikibazo, bakabahuza. Uwakosheje by’ihabu
- Mu mashoka: nko mu masaa saba;
• Amazina y’urusobe ari amazina ashobora kugira uturemajambo turenze yashoboraga gutanga ikiru k’inka, umurima cyangwa se ikindi kintu bitewe
- Inka zikuka cyangwa
udusanzwe tw’izinamu makuka:
nyakimwe nko mu Iyo
(D-RT-C). masaa munani;amazina y’urusobe
usesenguye n’imikirize y’amakimbirane. Hari uvugwa mu gitekerezo wahemutse ku rugamba,
- Inyana
usanga zisubira iswa: nko
afite indomo mu indangazina
ebyiri, masaa kenda;ebyiri, ibicumbi bibiri cyangwa se bamubajije niba ari umutunzi, asubiza ”Yego“, umutware wari watekereje ko mu
- Inkaugasanga afitenko
zihinduye: indomo,
mu masaaindanganteko
kumi; n’igicumbi, ariko akagira n’ubundi minsi mike azatuma acyura ubuhange, araruca ararumira.
bwoko bw’ijambo bwiyomekaho.
- Inyana zitaha: nka saa kumi n’imwe; Inzoga yoshyana ubutwari, rwarema ikagutererana. Tuge twibuka guha inda twibuka
ko utinze azanyagwa ari umushumba w’inda. Abanyarwanda bari bazi kuyivugiraho
- Inka zitaha: nka saa kumi n’ebyiri n’igice;
Umukoro: Kora ubushakashatsi, ubaze n’abagukurikiye, ushake imigani y’imigenurano neza ngo uyikura mu gacuma ikagukura mu bagabo. Inzoga ni mucyurabuhoro
- Inka zikamwa: nko mu
ivuga ku muco masaa moya z’umugoroba.
nyarwandaurayisesengura uyihuza n’insanganyamatsiko inyobwa n’imfura igasiba indi. Tuge tumenya kwitwararika, ibi bizatubera inkingi
Uwagendera
twabonye kuri
muibi byose
mutwe wabyavuzwe
mbere haruguru, ntiyatangazwa no kubona y’umucyo mu kubana neza n‘abandi. Abanyarwanda bo hambere bahaga inshingano
haravutse ubuvanganzo bufatiye ku nka. Ibyo byagiye bigaragarira mu: zikomeye imfura yabaga izi gufata mu mutwe ibyabereye ku rugamba, udasinda,
- Amahamba:Isuzuma rusange
indirimbo risoza umutwe
zaririmbwaga n’abashumbawabacyuye
mbere inka. Izo ndirimbo uvugisha ukuri, ufite umutima kugira umwuga wo kuvuga amacumu y’ingabo. Uwo
zirazwi mu Rwanda hose; muvuzi w’amacumu yarubahwaga kandi na we koko ntabyirate. Kugira ngo abaturanyi
Amabanga cyangwa
- Umwandiko: U Rwanda amahindura: indirimbo abashumba baririmbaga inka
rwa Kanyarwanda. batugirire ikizere tugomba kumenya ikibi n’ikiza, indangagaciro na kirazira, bitabaye
zirisha, zitaha, batarazikata inkoni ngo ziboneze zitahe; ibyo twaba tugenda dutatira abadutoje ubupfura, kudaca urwa mbehe, kutarya
Abagenda i Rwanda barahirwa. Kuva kera na kare, u Rwanda rwagiye rujya inama,
- Inzira: indirimbo zaririmbirwaga inka mu gihe zabaga zigana amabuga cyangwa utw’abandi, kudahemuka n’ibindi bidakwiye umunyarwanda wiyubaha.
rukayigisha; kubana n’andi mahanga bikaranga abarutuye, kubana n’abadafite inyota
ibibumbiro;
y’iterambere ntibarushye babatega amatwi. Abanyarwanda bahoze biyubaha rwose. Abategarugori, nubwo nta myenda
- Indama: indirimbo baririmbaga mu gihe inka zabaga zibyagiye ahantu, bazishoye yabagaho, barambaraga bakikwiza, yaba impuzu, ibicirane, inkanda. Ku bangavu
Umunyarwanda
amabuga cyangwaaho ava akagera Izo
ibibugazi. usanga akenyeye
ndirimbo hari umutuzo yiteye amahoro.
ubwo zaririmbwaga Mu
mu minsi bageze igihe cyo kutambara ubutuku, bambaraga uruyonga, ishabure yewe
bitaramo
mikuru,bitandukanye bene
bamurika inka. Kanyarwanda
Icyo gihe abagorebariranga.
n’abakobwaWabonye aho umwana
bahimbazaga ukiri
izo ndirimbo n’ibishogero by’ibinyita birinda kugaragaza ubwambure. Nyamara se bana b’i
muto agira atya
baziha amashyi;ati: “Mpagaze ku rutare mpaga amatama nti: “Amata y’abashumba Rwanda aho tugeze ngo ni muri “viziyo”.
yabuze!”

40
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 Inshamake
Inka bayikwaga umugeni. Umusore wabaga adafite amikoro yo kubona inka - Ibyisigo: indirimbo zo mu gihe cyo kudahira. Basingizaga amazi ahiye hamwe
yashoboraga gutenda, agakora imirimo izahura n’icyakwitwa agaciro k’inka n’inka zabaga zayashotse;
kugira ngo umukobwa
Nsigaranye ko: wa naka yakunze amwegukane. Umukwe mukuru ati: - Imyama (imyoma): indirimbo zaririmbwaga mu gihe k’Impeshyi, inka zigisha
“Turabakwera umunani cyangwa se mudutegeke ikindi”. Umusore wabaga yaraye (zigana ahari ubwatsi).
• Ibisigo by’ubuse basanze bihimbitse nk’ibisetso ndetse ngo birenze ibisetso
arongoye baramubyukurukirizaga inka zikamukamirwa. Mu itwikurura ry’umugeni
bigasa n’ibisebanyo. Ni inganzo yaba yaravukiye mu matorero y’intore, aho Inshoza y’inganzo y’amazina y’inka
bazanaga amata. Inka yari ifite akamaro kanini mu muco w’Abanyarwanda. Umubyeyi
wasangaga abantu biga kuvuga neza, bagacyocyorana ntihagire urakara. Amazina y’inka yagereranywa n’ibyivugo by’inka. Inka z’inyambo batangiye
yarabyaraga bajya kumuhemba bakazana amata. Umwana iyo yashyinguraga
Abahimbaga ibisigo by’ubuse, babaga bagambiriye gusetsa abandi bahungu. kuzirata cyane mu mivugo kuva kera, ariko imihimbire y’amazina y’inka yaje
se cyangwa sekuru yahabwaga inka y’inkuracyobo (inkuramwobo). Umwana
• Urwenya na
washyinguraga byendagusetsa
nyina ari inkuru
cyangwa nyirakuru zisetsa cyane
byitwaga gukamiraku buryo
nyinaumuntu
cyangwa kwamamara ku ngoma ya Yuhi Gahindiro ahagana mu mwaka wa 1800. Kuva icyo
nyirakuru. Mu mihango yo kwera hazagamo ibyerekeye kujya ku kibumbiro,ariko
uzibariwe ababaye cyangwa arakaye yururuka. Byendagusetsa yo
hakazamo gihe ni bwo abahanga mu byo kwita inka abisi batangiye kurebera inka mu bwenge,
n’ibyobakavuga
guha amata koabana
yendab’uwatabarutse.
gusetsa kuko mu Muby’ukuri
ndamukanyobavuzez’Ango irashekeje dusanga
banyarwanda mbere bakaziremesha ingamba. Inka baziremyemo imitwe bakayirwanisha. Buri mutwe
y’uko ibarwa ntawaseka iby’iyo nkuru igiye kuvugwa.
abantu bifurizanya gutunga bati:”Gira inka, amashyo”, usubiza ati: ”Amashyo ngore!” wari ubangikanye n’umutwe w’ingabo nk’uko bigaragarira kuri iyi mbonerahamwe.
• Ikivugo k’iningwa ari ikivugo kigufi kirangwa n’ibigwi (amazina y’abantu
Nta Munyarwanda
intwari yishe wakwiyibagiza
n’aho yabiciye),kon’ibirindiro
mu byo Abanyarwanda bafatiragaho
(ibikorwa bigaragaza bagena
ubutwari Umutwe w’ingabo Umutwe w’inka Ingoma waremeweho
ibihe by’umunsi,
bwe.) inka yari ifitemo uruhare runini. Dore nawe baravugaga bati: 1. Abanyansanga Insanga Gihanga
- • Inka zivuye
Ikivugo mu rugo:
k’imyato ariaho ni nko
ikivugo mu masaa
kirekire gifitemoya;
ibika bibiri cyangwa birenzeho 2. Abakaraza Imirishyo Ruganzu Bwimba
bitazikamwa:
imyato. Uwivuga yitakuma akorera 3. Abariza Ibirayi Cyilima Rugwe
- Inka aho ni nko mu masaa moyaicumu, asukiranya
n’iminota 15, ubwo amagambo vuba
ziba zikamirwa
vuba. Uwabaga intwari ku rugamba yaragororerwaga, akambikwa umudende, 4. Abadaheranwa Inshya z’i Remera Mibambwe Mutabazi
ku nama;
impotore cyangwa se agakorerwa 5. Abadaheranwa Inka z’i Rwanda Ruganzu Ndoli
- Inka zahutse: aho ni nka saa mbiri; umuhango ukomeye wo gucana uruti. 6. Abashakamba Umuhozi Mibambwe Gisanura
- • Inyana
Amazina y’inkaaho
zahutse: yagereranywa n’ibyivugo
ni nka saa mbiri by’inka.
zirengaho Inka z’inyambo batangiye
duke; 7. Abazirakubingwa Ibinda Yuhi Mazimpaka
kuzirata cyane mu mivugo kuva kera, ariko imihimbire y’amazina y’inka yaje 8. Ababanda Imitagoma Yuhi Mazimpaka
- Inyana zitaha: nko mu masaa yine;
kwamamara ku ngoma ya Yuhi Gahindiro ahagana mu mwaka wa 1800. 9. Indara Amarebe Yuhi Mazimpaka
- Mu mashoka: nko mu masaa saba;
• Amazina y’urusobe ari amazina ashobora kugira uturemajambo turenze 10. Nyaruguru Inkondera Cyilima Rujugira
- Inka zikuka cyangwa
udusanzwe tw’izinamu makuka:
nyakimwe nko mu Iyo
(D-RT-C). masaa munani;amazina y’urusobe
usesenguye 11. Nyakare Ibyiza Cyilima Rujugira
- Inyana
usanga zisubira iswa: nko
afite indomo mu indangazina
ebyiri, masaa kenda;ebyiri, ibicumbi bibiri cyangwa se 12. Imbanzamihigo Abazatsinda Cyilima Rujugira
- Inkaugasanga afitenko
zihinduye: indomo,
mu masaaindanganteko
kumi; n’igicumbi, ariko akagira n’ubundi
bwoko bw’ijambo bwiyomekaho. 13. Abarima Nyamumbe Cyilima Rujugira
- Inyana zitaha: nka saa kumi n’imwe;
14. Indirira Inyamuteri Cyilima Rujugira
- Inka zitaha: nka saa kumi n’ebyiri n’igice; 15. Abakemba Imisugi Cyilima Rujugira
Umukoro: Kora ubushakashatsi, ubaze n’abagukurikiye, ushake imigani y’imigenurano
- Inka zikamwa: nko mu
ivuga ku muco masaa moya z’umugoroba.
nyarwandaurayisesengura uyihuza n’insanganyamatsiko 16. Ababito Inkungu Kigeli Ndabarasa
Uwagendera
twabonye kuri
muibi byose
mutwe wabyavuzwe
mbere haruguru, ntiyatangazwa no kubona 17. Imvejuru Inkabuzima Kigeli Ndabarasa
haravutse ubuvanganzo bufatiye ku nka. Ibyo byagiye bigaragarira mu: 18. Abashumba Umuriro Kigeli Ndabarasa
- Amahamba:Isuzuma rusange
indirimbo risoza umutwe
zaririmbwaga n’abashumbawabacyuye
mbere inka. Izo ndirimbo 19. Abatanguha Mpahwe Kigeli Ndabarasa
zirazwi mu Rwanda hose; 20. Abakwiye Amahame Mibambwe Sentabyo
Amabanga cyangwa
- Umwandiko: amahindura: indirimbo abashumba baririmbaga inka 21. Impara Impara Mibambwe Sentabyo
U Rwanda rwa Kanyarwanda. Uruyenzi Yuhi Gahindiro
zirisha, zitaha, batarazikata inkoni ngo ziboneze zitahe; 22. Intaganzwa
Abagenda i Rwanda barahirwa. Kuva kera na kare, u Rwanda rwagiye rujya inama, 23. Uruyange Ingeyo Yuhi Gahindiro
- Inzira: indirimbo zaririmbirwaga inka mu gihe zabaga zigana amabuga cyangwa
rukayigisha; kubana n’andi mahanga bikaranga abarutuye, kubana n’abadafite inyota 24. Inzirabwoba Indirikirwa Mutara Rwogera
ibibumbiro;
y’iterambere ntibarushye babatega amatwi.
- Indama: indirimbo baririmbaga mu gihe inka zabaga zibyagiye ahantu, bazishoye 25. Abahirika Urugaga Kigeli Rwabugili
Umunyarwanda
amabuga cyangwaaho ava akagera Izo
ibibugazi. usanga akenyeye
ndirimbo hari umutuzo yiteye amahoro.
ubwo zaririmbwaga Mu
mu minsi 26. Abarasa Ingaju z’i Sakara Kigeli Rwabugili
bitaramo 27. Abashozamihigo Ingaju z’iRwamaraba Kigeli Rwabugili
mikuru,bitandukanye bene
bamurika inka. Kanyarwanda
Icyo gihe abagorebariranga.
n’abakobwaWabonye aho umwana
bahimbazaga ukiri
izo ndirimbo
muto agira atya ati: “Mpagaze ku rutare mpaga amatama nti: “Amata y’abashumba 28. Impamakwica Ingaju z’i Giseke
baziha amashyi;
yabuze!”

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Buri
1.3. Amazina
mutwe wabaga
y’urusobe ufite
afatiye
ibyiciroku bitatu
masanoby’inka:
y’abantu 2. So igira sho y’impindurantego. Urugero: shobuja.
- Amashyobukwe y’inka yaremwe 3. Akabimbura -se- gakomoka ku izina ise cyangwa se, kakagira inyito y’umuntu
bujan’umutware
rume w’ingabo, amwe ari ay’inkuku
senge Kuru(za) andi
w’igitsina gabo ufite cyangwa se utunze nyakuvugwa. Akenshi ayo mazina aba
Ng ari ay’inyambo.
Igitsina databukwe databuja Marume - Sogokuru(za) ari bwite. Usanga gakora nka nyira ikomoka ku izina nyina.
-1 Amashyo
gabo øy’abakomeye
- ø -data-ø- ø- bari abatunzi
ø -data- bo mu mutwe w’ingabo. ø - ø -soko- ø
ø-ø-ma-rume
bu-ko-e,
- Inka z’imbata. Izo zari øinka
- bu-ja -kuru
za rubanda bo muri uwo mutwe w’ingabo. Inka Ingero: Sebuja, Serugo, Sebatunzi;
ntizari ingabane,
a ø/-J ni izo umuntu yabaga yarihahiye ku giti ke. Izi nka bazitaga 4. Akabimbura -nya- gafitanye isano na nyira, kakaba gakora kuri ubu buryo:
kandi inka z’ibiti.
Igitsina mabukwe Mabuja - masenge Nyogokuru(za) Iyo akabimbura -a- ka nya- gakurikiwe na -i- y’ indomo cyangwa se
gore
Muri izi ø –izo
nka zose ø-ma- ø- yitaga
umwisi ø- ø- ma- ø - ø -ma- øIbihogo
ni inyambo. Abisi barwanishaga ø - ø-nyoko-
(ubushyoø- y’indangahantu, iyo ndomo ishobora gutakara cyangwa zombi zikiyungamo –e-.
bu-ko-e ø - bu-ja - ø - se-n-
bwaremwe butowe mu Rwanda) n’Amagaju (ubushyo bwaremwe butowe mu minyago kuru
gi-e Ingero:
ivuye mu mahanga nko mu Ndorwa cyangwa Ankole). Umwisi yabaga agiye kwita
i ø/-J - Umunyagisaka: u-mu-nya- ø -ki-saka; k g/-GR
nk’ubushyo bwo mu mutwe w’Ibihogo akabuteza umutware w’Inyambo, akabuteza
- Umunyenzoga: u-mu-nya-i-n-yoga; a+i e; y z/n -
Ng Igitsinan’abarenzamase
umutahira sobukwe bo mu bushyo
sobuja/ Nyokorome -
bw’Amagaju. UmwamiSogokuru(za)
n’umutware
2 gabo umwisi ø- ø yirindaga
-so- ø - shobuja inyambo ø - ø nyoko- ø - ø ibyo
-soko- ø- - Umunyarwanda: u-mu-nya- ø -ru-and-a; u w/-J
w’ingabo, kubateza cyangwa kubitirira kuko byari
bu-ko-e ø -ø -so- ø rome kuru - Irijyagahera: i-ri-gi-a- ø -ka-her-a; i y/-j; gy jy mu nyandiko isanzwe; k
ukubapfobya no kubahinyura.
- bu-ja g/-GR
Umutware w’inyambo nubwo umwisi yashoboraga kumwitirira yari umutegetsi
Igitsina Nyokobukwe nyokobuja - nyogosenge Nyogokuru(za) Impugukirwa:
ukomeye. Yashyirwagaho ngo agenge inyambo zose zo mu mutwe w’inka uyu n’uyu.
gore ø - ø nyoko- ø ø - ø ø-ø ø - ø-nyoko- ø
Ubwo butegetsi yaburagaga umwana we, bakagenda basimburana mu bisekuruza nya- ishobora kuba akabimbura nyifuzo iyo yiyunze n’inshinga iri mu mbundo. Ingero:
-bu-ko-e -nyoko- ø -nyoko- ø - -kuru(za)
byabo. Umutware w’ingabo na–bu-ja we yashoboraga kunyagwa ø ingabo, akaba anyagiweko
–se-n-gi-e nyagutuma, nyakuramba, nyakubyara; …
o w/-J
n’umutwe w’inka bibangikanye. Umutware w’inyambo we ntiyanyagwaga; yari
Ng Igitsina sebukwe sebuja/ nyirarume - ibanguriraSekuru(za)
Akabimbura nya- gashobora kwiyunga n’ikinyazina cyangwa n’izina kagafata inyito
ashinzwe guhora yorora inyambo, akagenda azongera mu ry’inkuku ku yo gutsindagira.
3 gabo ø - ø -se- ø shebuja
mfizi z’inyambo. Bwari ubumenyi umuryango we ushinzwe ku ngoma –zose.
ø - ø -nyira ø ø- se- ø-
-bu-ko-e ø- ø - se- -rume kuru(za) Ingero:
Akamaro ko okwiga w/-Jamazina ø – y’inka
bu-ja
Dore inzu nyanzu, nyabakobwa; bariya bazaba abategarugori nyabo.
Birashoboka
Igitsina ko hari umuntunyirabuja
nyirabukwe wakwibaza- icyo kwiga amazina y’inka Nyirakuru(za)
nyirasenge byaba bimaze Akabimbura ngenera nya- gashobora kwiyunga n’izina kakagira iyito y’utunze
muri gore
iki kinyejana turimo, aho
ø - ø nyira- ø - ø - ø -abantu benshi bahihibikanira
ø - ø -nyira- ø - ø ibirebana
kumva -nyira- ø cyangwa ufite nyakuvugwa.
n’itumanaho, -bu-ko-e
ndetse n’ikoranabuhanga.
nyira- ø Reka twemere ø -ko
ø –muri
se-n- ibi bihe ndetse
kuru(za)
n’ibizaza ntawuzongera Ingero: umunyamerwe, umunyamahanga, umunyabintu, umunyenzoga;…
o w/-J kujya-mu byo kwita inka. Ariko kumenya
bu-ja gi-e ubuhanga bukubiye
mu nganzo iyi n’iyi ya kera nta cyo byishe, ndetse ni byiza i rwose
ø/-J kumenya umurimo - Akabimbura sa- gakora mu mazina nka Saruhara, Gasabwoya, Gasamagera,
wa ba sogokuru. Bifite akamaro ku muntu washobora gucengera neza iyo nganzo, Sabato, Sakabaka;…
kitonderwa:
hanyuma yamara kumucengeramo na we akaba yafatiraho akayikoresha mu bundi
buryo. None se Musenyeri Kagame Alegisi (Alex) amaze Umwitozo
1. Amagambo y’urusobe yandikwa umujyo umwe. Gusa,kuryoherwa,
mu bisingizo,gucengera
mu miganino
gucengerwa n’inganzo
no mu mazina y’amazina
nteruro y’inka, sibwo
n’amagambo yayishingiyeho
y’inyunge ahimba “Umuririmbyi
akabije uburebure, yandikwa Sesengure ugaragaza uturemajambo dushoboka n’amategeko y’igenamajwi
wa Nyiribiremwa” n’ “Indyoheshabirayi”?
atandukanyijwe agashyirwa mu dukubo. yakoze:
Byongeye
Ingero:kandi uwashaka kumenya ubuhanga bw’abahanzi ba hano mu Rwanda a) Nyogokuru, b) Mabukwe, c) Nyirinkwaya,
ntanage akajisho kuri iyi nganzo y’amazina y’inka, ngo arebe ubuhanga bw’intodeke d) Sobuja, e) Sebatunzi, f) Nyirabizeyimana,
• Umuhanurabinyoma, Rukemanganizi, Karahangabo, Karikumutima
zipimye indinganire yaba atakaje byinshi. Abashakashatsi bitaye ku nganzo y’amazina g) Rwanamiza, h) Rwankubebe.
(Umujyo umwe)
y’inka harimo uwitwa Faransisi Yuwaneti (Francis Jouannet), asobanura neza ko
• Ubwo “Ishyikanya ku mubiri ya Rugema ahica” aba arahashinze.
ubuhanga bw’intondeke zipimye ntaho ryakunze kuboneka muri Afurika uretse mu
(Atandukanijwe)
Rwanda. uwashaka kubicukumbura yasoma igitabo kitwa Prosodologie et phonologie
• Ubwo “ Rumenerangabo Ntarindwa ku mukondo wa Rukaburabimashi”
non linéaire, 1985, p.73. Niba tudashatse kubyitaho ntaho twaba dutaniye na ba
ati: ”ba!” (Atandukanijwe)
bandi bambara ikirezi ntibamenye ko cyera cyangwa wa wundi w’ umutunzi uba

42
58 59
1.3.
BuriAmazina
mutwe wabaga
y’urusobe ufite
afatiye
ibyiciroku bitatu
masanoby’inka:
y’abantu umworo w’amata.
- Amashyobukwe y’inka yaremwe bujan’umutware
rume w’ingabo, amwe ari ay’inkuku
senge Kuru(za) andi Nta gushidikanya mu mazina y’inka harimo ubuhanga bw’inshoberabuvivi. Uretse
Ng ari ay’inyambo.
Igitsina databukwe databuja Marume - Sogokuru(za) ubwo buhanga bw’intondeke zipimye, usangamo injyana n’iminozanganzo ishingiye
-1 Amashyo
gabo øy’abakomeye
- ø -data-ø- ø- bari abatunzi
ø -data- bo mu mutwe w’ingabo. ø - ø -soko- ø
ø-ø-ma-rume ku isubirajambo, ari iy’isubirajwi; usangamo gukoresha ijambo ryabugenewe;
- Inka z’imbata.bu-ko-e,Izo zari øinka
- bu-ja -kuru
za rubanda bo muri uwo mutwe w’ingabo. Inka usangamo uburyo bwo gukoreshamo imibangikanyo; usangamo imizimizo myinshi
ntizari ingabane,
a ø/-J ni izo umuntu yabaga yarihahiye ku giti ke. Izi nka bazitaga itandukanye n’icyo abisi ubwabo bita ingaruzo. Ni ijambo risingiza cyangwa se
kandi inka z’ibiti.
Igitsina mabukwe Mabuja - masenge Nyogokuru(za) interuro y’amagambo asingiza abami muri rusange cyangwa ingoma, hakaba
gore ø –izo
ø-ma- ø- yitaga
ø- ø- ma- ø - ø-nyoko-
ø - ø -ma- øIbihogo ø- n’asingiza umwami uyu n’uyu, ibikorwa bye cyangwa amatwara ye. Uwashaka rero
Muri izi nka zose umwisi ni inyambo. Abisi barwanishaga (ubushyo
bu-ko-e ø - bu-ja - ø - se-n- kuru kumenya imyifatire y’Abanyarwanda bo hambere, agashaka kumenya ibyo babaga
bwaremwe butowe mu Rwanda) n’Amagaju (ubushyo bwaremwe butowe mu minyago
gi-e bimirije imbere, nta yindi soko yavomamo ubwo bumenyi uretse kubusanga mu
ivuye mu mahanga nko mu Ndorwa cyangwa Ankole). Umwisi yabaga agiye kwita
i ø/-J mazina y’inka. Ubutwari n’umurava birasingizwa, ubupfura no kwanga umugayo
nk’ubushyo bwo mu mutwe w’Ibihogo akabuteza umutware w’Inyambo, akabuteza
bikamamazwa kandi ibi ni bimwe mu by’ingenzi biranga indangagaciro y’uwagombye
Ng Igitsinan’abarenzamase
umutahira sobukwe bo mu bushyo
sobuja/ Nyokorome -
bw’Amagaju. UmwamiSogokuru(za)
n’umutware
2 gabo umwisi ø- ø yirindaga
-so- ø - shobuja inyambo ø - ø nyoko- ø - ø ibyo
-soko- ø- kwitwa Umunyarwanda.
w’ingabo, kubateza cyangwa kubitirira kuko byari
bu-ko-e
ukubapfobya no kubahinyura. ø -ø -so- ø rome kuru Imiterere y’amazina y’inka n’ubwiza bwayo
- bu-ja
Umutware w’inyambo nubwo umwisi yashoboraga kumwitirira yari umutegetsi
Igitsina Nyokobukwe nyokobuja - nyogosenge Nyogokuru(za)
ukomeye. Yashyirwagaho ngo agenge inyambo zose zo mu mutwe w’inka uyu n’uyu.
Injyana
gore ø - ø nyoko- ø ø - ø ø-ø ø - ø-nyoko- ø Mu mazina y’inka, abisi bavumbuye inganzo ishingiye ku ipima rigendera ku
Ubwo butegetsi yaburagaga umwana
-bu-ko-e -nyoko- ø
we, bakagenda basimburana mu bisekuruza
-nyoko- ø - -kuru(za)
byabo. Umutware w’ingabo na–bu-ja we yashoboraga kunyagwa kabangutso. Ni ukuvuga imikoreshereze y’ubutinde bw’inyajwi. Wakwibaza uti:
o w/-J ø ingabo, akaba anyagiweko
–se-n-gi-e
n’umutwe w’inka bibangikanye. Umutware w’inyambo we ntiyanyagwaga; yari “Bapimye bate amagambo?” Reka tugendere kuri uru rugero kugira ngo dushobore
Ng Igitsina
ashinzwe sebukwe
guhora sebuja/
yorora inyambo, nyirarume
akagenda - ibanguriraSekuru(za)
azongera mu ry’inkuku ku kubyumva.
3 gabo ø - ø -se- ø shebuja
mfizi z’inyambo. Bwari ubumenyi umuryango we ushinzwe ku ngoma –zose.
ø - ø -nyira ø ø- se- ø-
-bu-ko-e ø- ø - se- -rume kuru(za) Rutiimiirwa ziri mu mihigo
Akamaro ko okwiga w/-Jamazina ø – y’inka
bu-ja Iyo witegereje ubona muri uyu mukarago ko umugemo wa mbere ubangutse, uwa
Birashoboka kabiri n’uwa gatatu ikagira ubutinde bunimbitse, ikurikiyeho yose ntigire ubutinde.
Igitsina ko hari umuntunyirabuja
nyirabukwe wakwibaza- icyo kwiga amazina y’inka Nyirakuru(za)
nyirasenge byaba bimaze
muri gore
iki kinyejana turimo, aho
ø - ø nyira- ø - ø - ø -abantu benshi bahihibikanira
ø - ø -nyira- ø - ø ibirebana
kumva -nyira- ø Akabangutso kakaba gahwanye n’inyajwi ibangutse, naho inyajwi inimbitse ikagira
n’itumanaho, -bu-ko-e
ndetse n’ikoranabuhanga.
nyira- ø Reka twemere ø -ko
ø –muri
se-n- ibi bihe ndetse
kuru(za) utubangutso tubiri. Uru rugero tumaze kubona rubara utubangutso 12. Abasesenguye
n’ibizaza ntawuzongera amazina y’inka babyitondeye basanze:
o w/-J kujya-mu byo kwita inka. Ariko kumenya
bu-ja gi-e ubuhanga bukubiye
mu nganzo iyi n’iyi ya kera nta cyo byishe, ndetse ni byiza i rwose
ø/-J kumenya umurimo Hari amazina y’inka agizwe n’imikarago ifite utubangutso 9.
wa ba sogokuru. Bifite akamaro ku muntu washobora gucengera neza iyo nganzo,
kitonderwa:
hanyuma yamara kumucengeramo na we akaba yafatiraho akayikoresha mu bundi Urugero: Inka ya Rumonyi
buryo. None
1. Amagambo se Musenyeri Kagame Alegisi
y’urusobe yandikwa umujyo (Alex)
umwe. amaze
Gusa,kuryoherwa,
mu bisingizo,gucengera
mu miganino
gucengerwa n’inganzo y’amazina y’inka, sibwo yayishingiyeho ahimba “Umuririmbyi Ru-ta-gwa-a-bi-z(a) i-mi-ne-ga =9
no mu mazina nteruro n’amagambo y’inyunge akabije uburebure, yandikwa (I)nku-ba ze-e-sa mu bi-ho-go =9
wa Nyiribiremwa” n’ “Indyoheshabirayi”?
atandukanyijwe agashyirwa mu dukubo. Rwa-a mu-ga-bo nyi-ri-gi-ra =9
Byongeye
Ingero:kandi uwashaka kumenya ubuhanga bw’abahanzi ba hano mu Rwanda (I)mbi-z(i) i-sa-a-nga-ni-zw(a) i-ngo-ma =9
ntanage akajisho kuri iyi nganzo y’amazina y’inka, ngo arebe ubuhanga bw’intodeke N’u-mu-ga-be w’i- Ru-yu-u-mba =9
• Umuhanurabinyoma, Rukemanganizi, Karahangabo, Karikumutima
zipimye indinganire yaba atakaje byinshi. Abashakashatsi bitaye ku nganzo y’amazina (I)ki-i-se-e-su-u-r(a) i-mbi-bi… =9
(Umujyo umwe)
y’inka harimo uwitwa Faransisi Yuwaneti (Francis Jouannet), asobanura neza ko
• Ubwo “Ishyikanya ku mubiri ya Rugema ahica” aba arahashinze. Hari agizwe n’imikarago ifite utubangutso 10
ubuhanga bw’intondeke zipimye ntaho ryakunze kuboneka muri Afurika uretse mu
(Atandukanijwe)
Rwanda. uwashaka kubicukumbura yasoma igitabo kitwa Prosodologie et phonologie Urugero: Inka y’i Nyanza
• Ubwo “ Rumenerangabo Ntarindwa ku mukondo wa Rukaburabimashi”
non linéaire, 1985, p.73. Niba tudashatse kubyitaho ntaho twaba dutaniye na ba
ati: ”ba!” (Atandukanijwe) Ru-ti rwu-u-hi-r(a) i-sa-ha-a-ha =10
bandi bambara ikirezi ntibamenye ko cyera cyangwa wa wundi w’ umutunzi uba

58
42 43
1.1.Amazina
(I)nga-bo y’urusobe afite
zi-ho-me-re-r(a) akabimbura.
i-mpu-u-nzi =10 Ikenewabo: i-ki-ene-u-a-ba-o; i ø /-J u w/-J;
Rwa-a-ma-nywa ya ru-ge-ma-ha-bi =10
Akabimbura ni akaremajambo kihagika imbere y’izina risanzwe mu rurimi a ø /-J
(I)nka-bu-ra-no y’i-mpi-i-nga-a-ne bikabyara izina rishya. =10 5. Akabimbura -ka- kifitemo ingingo ivuga ngo”umugore wa”
Ya ru-ka-ni-ka-ndo-o-ngo-o-zi =10 Usanga kiganje mu mazina bwite y’igitsina gore. Zimwe mu ngero zikurikira
Ingero:
(I)ra-zi-me-na zi-ga-ku-bi-ta =9
zirabigaragaza.
1. Akabimbura
Zi-gi-tu-ru-ka -nya-kagira ingingo y’ikinyazina ngenera
mu ki-re-e-re… =10
Amacumu: a-ma-cumu mukamacumu: mu-ka- ø -ma-cumu.
HariIkinyamateka: i-ki-nya-
agizwe n’imikarago ifiteøutubangutso
-ma-teka 12 Urutamu:u- ru-tamu mukarutamu : mu-ka- ø -ru-tamu
Umunyamuryango: u-mu-nya- ø -mu-ryango Indera: i-n-rera mukandera: mu-ka- ø - n-rera; r d/n-
Urugero:
Umunyenzara: u-mu-nya-i -n-yara; a + i e; y z /n- Umuhire: u-mu-hir-e mukamuhire: mu-ka- ø - mu-hir-e
Umunyamakuru: u-mu-nya- ø -ma-kuru
1. Inka ya Nkusi 6. Akabimbura -a- gafite ingingo y’ikinyazina ngenera;
Umunyeshuri: u-mu-nya-i-ø -shuri; a + i e Gakoreshwa cyane mu mazina bwite kandi amazina kihagitsemo nta ndomo
Rwi-i-ya-mi-ri-ra yu-u-hi-r(a) i-mbu-ga =12
2. Akabimbura nyiri/nyira- gafite ingingo isa neza n’ikinyazina ngenera. agira.
(I)nku-ba zi-hi-i-ndu-r(a) a-ba-nya-bi-ho-go =12
Ingero:
Rwa-a-mi-ri-i-ndi ya si-i-mu-go-mwa =12 Ingero:
(I)ma-a-na
Nyirumuringa: ya-re-my(e)i-nya-mi-bwa
nyiri-u-mu-ringa; i øy’i-mpe-ta
/-J =12 inkazi: i-n-kar-yi Kankazi: ka-a- ø- n- kar-yi; r+y z/ a ø /-J
Nti-i-be-h(o) u-ru-gi-i-ng(o)
Nyirurugo: nyiri-u-ru-go ; i u-yi-hi-nyu-ra
ø /-j =12 amagana: a-ma-gana Rwamagana: ru-a- ø-ma-gana; u w/-J
Nyirimpuhwe: nyiri-i-n-huhwe;
Ya-ma-ra ku-yi-gi-r(a) i-nta-yo-be-ra-na…i ø /-J; n m/-h; mh =12mp mu nyandiko imana : i- n-mana Kamana: ka-a-ø -n-mana; n ø /-m; a ø /-J
isanzwe. imanzi:i-n-manzi: n ø /-m; Kamanzi: ka-a-ø-n-manzi a ø /-J; n ø /-m
2. Inka ya Rugina
Nyiribambe: nyiri-i- ø -bambe; i ø /-J
1.2. Amazina y’urusobe afatiye ku musuma –kazi,-azi
Akabimbura nyira- iyo
Ru-kwe-e-re-e-r(a) kabimburiye
i-mbu-ga amazina bwite y’abantu
y’i-ndi-i-nzi =12 kagira ingingo
y’igitsina gore.
(I)nku-ba Ingero zikurikira
zi-ka-ru-ru-ka zirabigaragaza.
m(u)-u-ndu-u-ru =12 Umusuma ni akaremajambo kongerwa ku ijambo rishobora kubaho ridafite aka
Rwa-a Ndi-ri-ma ya Ru-bu-ra-ma-nywa =12 karemajambo.
Ingero:
(I)me-ne-ra-ba-swa i-ti-i-c(a)i-nda-ga-no =12 Ingero:
Igikari: i-ki-kari; k g/-GR; nyirabikari:
Nti-i-shyi-ki-i-rwe n’a-a-b’i-i Nde-ra nyira- ø-bi-kari
=12 Umupfakazi: u-mu-pfu-a-kazi; u ø /-J ( ashobora kuba umugabo cyangwa
Intabire:mu
Nti-i-be i-n-tab-ir-e;
ru-ga-a-mba nyirantabire: nyira- ø -n-tab-ir-e=12
rw’I-ndi-i-nda umugore wapfushije uwo bashakanye).
Intama: i-n-tam-a; nyirantama:
Nti-ba-yi-bwi-i-r(e) nyira- ø -n-tam-a
I-nde-nga-mi-ma-ro =12 Umunyarwandakazi: u-mu-nya- ø -ru-and-a-kazi; u w/-J
Ya-ma-ra kwi-i-twa nd(i)-i-nda-u-ya-ba-zwe
3. Akabimbura sa- cyangwa se- gafite inyangingo y’ikinyazina ngenera. =12 Umwamikazi: u-mu-am-i-kazi; u w/-J
(I)nd-i-ri-ki-rwa zi-ka-yi-ba-ho
Iyo kihagitse mu mazina i-nya-na
bwite usanga =12 gabo kandi nta
afite ingingo y’igitsina Umuturanyikazi: u-mu-tur-an-yi-kazi
(I)nya-mi-bwa ba-ka-yi-i-ta
ndomo ayo mazina mashya agira. Nye-e-ma-zi =12
Umuririmbyikazi: u-mu-ririmb-yi-kazi
Ikitonderwa:
Ingero: Umusuma-azi: Ingero: Umugabazi: u-mu-gab-azi
1. MuAmahoro: a-ma-horo; semahoro:
ibara ry’utubangutso,iyo inyajwise- ø -ma-horo
ebyiri zikurikiranye, iya mbere iburizwamo igitakazi: i-ki-tak-azi: k g/-GR
Uburo: u-bu-ro; seburo: se- ø -bu-ro
kandi inyajwi itangira umugemo ntibarwa nk’uko bigaragara ku majwi yagiye
a ø/-J
ashyirwa
Umusure: mu dukubo. samusure: sa- ø -mu-sure
u-mu-sure;
2.
4. Ubwiza
Akabimburabw’amazina y’inka
–ene- gafite bushingira
ingingo ku buhanga
nk’iy’ikinyazina bwo gukurikiranya
ngenera.
ibitekerezo
Karema amazinano ku isubirajwi, ku isubirajambo,
bwite gafatiye ku mibangikanyo,
ku mazina rusange ku buryo
amazina rusange.
bwo kugenekereza, ndetse no kureshyeshya intondeke. Mu mazina
Gashobora kandi kongerera izina kihagitsemo ingingo igaragaza isano abantu y’inka
bahagikamo
bafitanye. ijambo cyangwa injyano z’amagambo zigize ibisingizo. Igisingizo
muri ubu bwoko bw’ubuvanganzo bw’ amazina y’inka kitwa ingaruzo, mu bisigo
Ingero: bakakita indezi.
igisingizo
Imana: i- n -mana;
3. Birashoboka Benimana: ba-ene-i-
ko umukarago umwe wagiran -mana; a ø /-J;
utubeshuro e ø /-J;
tutuzuye n iyoøntibyica
ariko /-m
Ihirwe: i- øUrugero:
injyana. -hir-w-e; Inka
Benihirwe: ba-ene-i- ø -hir-w-e; a ø /-J; e ø /-J
y’i Nyanza

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1.1. Amazina
(I)nga-bo y’urusobe afite
zi-ho-me-re-r(a) akabimbura.
i-mpu-u-nzi =10 Inka ya Ruganji
Rwa-a-ma-nywa ya ru-ge-ma-ha-bi =10
Akabimbura ni akaremajambo kihagika imbere y’izina risanzwe mu rurimi Ingaruzo: Iyo bacutsa inka ya Ruganji bagira ngo:
(I)nka-bu-ra-no y’i-mpi-i-nga-a-ne bikabyara izina rishya. =10 Rutimirwa ziri mu bihigo
Ya ru-ka-ni-ka-ndo-o-ngo-o-zi =10 Intwari zimaze kubona umugaba
Ingero:
(I)ra-zi-me-na zi-ga-ku-bi-ta =9 Rwa Mugabo w’imaramwaga
1. Akabimbura
Zi-gi-tu-ru-ka -nya-kagira ingingo y’ikinyazina ngenera
mu ki-re-e-re… =10 Insengamihigo y’ishema muri zo
HariIkinyamateka: i-ki-nya-
agizwe n’imikarago ifiteøutubangutso
-ma-teka 12 Ya Rushikanurandongozi.
Umunyamuryango: u-mu-nya- ø -mu-ryango
Urugero:
Umunyenzara: u-mu-nya-i -n-yara; a + i e; y z /n- Iminozanganzo
Umunyamakuru: u-mu-nya- ø -ma-kuru
1. Inka ya Nkusi 1) Isubirajwi n’isubirajambo
Umunyeshuri: u-mu-nya-i-ø -shuri; a + i e
Rwi-i-ya-mi-ri-ra yu-u-hi-r(a) i-mbu-ga =12 Iyo bavuze isubirajwi twumva uburyo umuhimbyi agenda akoresha amajwi asa
2. Akabimbura nyiri/nyira- gafite ingingo isa neza n’ikinyazina ngenera. mu mihimbire ye. Muri make, twumva ko ari amajwi agenda agaruka kenshi
(I)nku-ba zi-hi-i-ndu-r(a) a-ba-nya-bi-ho-go =12
Ingero:
Rwa-a-mi-ri-i-ndi ya si-i-mu-go-mwa =12 haba mu magambo cyangwa mu nteruro.
(I)ma-a-na ya-re-my(e)i-nya-mi-bwa
Nyirumuringa: nyiri-u-mu-ringa; i øy’i-mpe-ta
/-J =12 Urugero ku isubirajambo:
Nti-i-be-h(o) u-ru-gi-i-ng(o)
Nyirurugo: nyiri-u-ru-go ; i u-yi-hi-nyu-ra
ø /-j =12 Zivuga mu Rubumba rw’inyambo
Nyirimpuhwe: nyiri-i-n-huhwe;
Ya-ma-ra ku-yi-gi-r(a) i-nta-yo-be-ra-na…i ø /-J; n m/-h; mh =12mp mu nyandiko Zivuga i Masaka ya Mibirizi
isanzwe. Zivuga mu Ruhango rw’ibwami
2. Inka ya Rugina
Nyiribambe: nyiri-i- ø -bambe; i ø /-J Zivuga i Nyarurama ya Nyanza
Akabimbura nyira- iyo
Ru-kwe-e-re-e-r(a) kabimburiye
i-mbu-ga amazina bwite y’abantu
y’i-ndi-i-nzi =12 kagira ingingo Zivuga i Nyarubuye ya Mwendo
y’igitsina
(I)nku-bagore. Ingero zikurikira
zi-ka-ru-ru-ka zirabigaragaza.
m(u)-u-ndu-u-ru =12
Iyo bavuze isubirajambo bigaragarira ku magambo amwe n’amwe agenda agaruka.
Rwa-a Ndi-ri-ma ya Ru-bu-ra-ma-nywa =12
Ingero: Ari isubirajwi, ari isubirajambo byombi bituma izina ry’inka cyangwa umuvugo
(I)me-ne-ra-ba-swa i-ti-i-c(a)i-nda-ga-no =12
Igikari: i-ki-kari; k g/-GR; nyirabikari: nyira- ø-bi-kari muri rusange ugira icyanga bityo ibivugwa bigafatika vuba. Ibi byombi ni bimwe
Nti-i-shyi-ki-i-rwe n’a-a-b’i-i Nde-ra =12
Intabire: i-n-tab-ir-e; nyirantabire: nyira- ø -n-tab-ir-e=12 mu bishimangira injyana.
Nti-i-be mu ru-ga-a-mba rw’I-ndi-i-nda
Intama: i-n-tam-a; nyirantama:
Nti-ba-yi-bwi-i-r(e) nyira- ø -n-tam-a
I-nde-nga-mi-ma-ro =12 Urugero ku isubirajwi
Ya-ma-ra kwi-i-twa nd(i)-i-nda-u-ya-ba-zwe
3. Akabimbura sa- cyangwa se- gafite inyangingo y’ikinyazina ngenera. =12 Rwavuye i Rusheshe
(I)nd-i-ri-ki-rwa
Iyo zi-ka-yi-ba-ho
kihagitse mu mazina i-nya-na
bwite usanga =12 gabo kandi nta
afite ingingo y’igitsina Rwiharaze isharankima.
(I)nya-mi-bwa ba-ka-yi-i-ta
ndomo ayo mazina mashya agira. Nye-e-ma-zi =12 Rwabaye igishami

Ikitonderwa:
Ingero: 2) Imibangikanyo cyangwa ubutegane
1. MuAmahoro: a-ma-horo; semahoro:
ibara ry’utubangutso,iyo inyajwise- ø -ma-horo
ebyiri zikurikiranye, iya mbere iburizwamo Ni uburyo umwisi akurikiranya imikarago nibura ibiribiri ifite icyo ihuriyeho
Uburo: u-bu-ro; seburo: se- ø -bu-ro
kandi inyajwi itangira umugemo ntibarwa nk’uko bigaragara ku majwi yagiye haba ku kivugwa cyangwa ku misusire.
ashyirwa
Umusure: mu dukubo. samusure: sa- ø -mu-sure
u-mu-sure; Imibangikanyo y’imisusire ishingiye ku myubakire
2.
4. Ubwiza
Akabimburabw’amazina y’inka
–ene- gafite bushingira
ingingo ku buhanga
nk’iy’ikinyazina bwo gukurikiranya
ngenera.
ibitekerezo
Karema amazinano ku isubirajwi, ku isubirajambo,
bwite gafatiye ku mibangikanyo,
ku mazina rusange ku buryo
amazina rusange. Urugero: Inka ya Rumonyi
bwo kugenekereza, ndetse no kureshyeshya intondeke. Mu mazina
Gashobora kandi kongerera izina kihagitsemo ingingo igaragaza isano abantu y’inka Rukaraga ku mpitira
bahagikamo
bafitanye. ijambo cyangwa injyano z’amagambo zigize ibisingizo. Igisingizo Rukaraga ku mpini
muri ubu bwoko bw’ubuvanganzo bw’ amazina y’inka kitwa ingaruzo, mu bisigo Rwogesha ku mbuga
Ingero: bakakita indezi.
igisingizo Rwanika ku ntagara
Imana: i- n -mana;
3. Birashoboka Benimana: ba-ene-i-
ko umukarago umwe wagiran -mana; a ø /-J;
utubeshuro e ø /-J;
tutuzuye n iyoøntibyica
ariko /-m Rushita ku y’imerera…
Ihirwe: i- øUrugero:
injyana. -hir-w-e; Inka
Benihirwe: ba-ene-i- ø -hir-w-e; a ø /-J; e ø /-J
y’i Nyanza

56
44 45
Iyo
Tugarutse
turebyemuizi ntondeke
Rwanda, twavuga
dusanga zubatse
ko inka zari
kimwe,
zifite
amagambo
uko bazita
y’ubwoko
amazinabumwe
bahereye
agiye
ku 1.10. Izina ry’urusobe: Intego y’izina ry’urusobe
aba
ruhumurwazo.
mwanya izo bita ibihogo, igitare, isine (yashoboraga kuba ari isine koko
Habaumwe.
cyangwa ari umukara), igaju, ubugondo (umweru n’ibihogo), ikibamba (umukara Hari amoko anyuranye y’amazina y’urusobe mwabonye, nimuyashakire
Imibangikanyo
n’ibyeru ishingiye kuurwirungu,
binini), umusengo, kivugwa cyangwa
uruvuzo,ingingo.
urusa (bugufi gusa n’igaju), intego mugereranya n’amazina nyakimwe mwize mu myaka yashize.
a) Umubangikanyo wisobanura
inziga, inyamanya, n’andi mabara.
Intondeke ya kabiri isubira mu ngingo y’intondeke iyibanjirije. 1. Amazina y’inyunge
Abanyarwanda kandi bashoboraga guha amazina inka bafatiye ku buryo ziteze
Urugero:
amahembe. Inkazikurikira
Ingero ya Rumonyi zirabikomozaho: Amazina y’inyunge afite igice cya mbere gikomoka ku nshinga.
Inshinga yiyunga n’ijambo rikayibera icyuzuzo mbonera.
• Inkungu: nta Kurya irihozaziba
mahembe mu rugina
zifite; a) Igice cya kabiri ari izina.
Imbuga yaryo iratukura
• Ingorore: amahembe
Ntagera muagororotse;
ntagara Izina ry’urusobe Uturemajambo/intego Amategeko y’igenamajwi
• Urukoro: amahembe areba imbere;
Ahora akina mu ntoki… Amatakirangoyi a-ma-tak-ir-a- ø -n-goyi -
•b) Umuhino:
Umubangikanyoaminuriye w’inshyamirane
inyuma ariko mato;
Imvugoshusho i-n-vug-o- ø - ø -shusho n m/-v
Ingingo dusanga
• Inkondogoro: muguhura
yenda ntondeke ya ntabe
ariko kabirimaremare
iba ishyamiranye
cyane; n’iyo mu ntondeke
ya mbere. Uwo mubangikanyo uboneka mu ngeri nyinshi z’ubuvanganzo. Uwo Abacamanza a-ba- ci-a- ø -n-banza i ø /-J; n ø/-m/b m/n-
• Urukomane: amahembe abusanye;
mubangikanyo hari ubwo uba ushingiye ku iyemeza n’ihakana bigiye mu buryo Abashinjacyaha a-ba shinj-a- ø -ki-aha i y /-J; ky cy mu
• Ikigarama:
bw’inshinga. agaramye
Hari ubwoataminuriye inyuma;
uba ushingiye ku ibusana ry’amagambo gusa. nyandiko isanzwe.
• Ikibinda cyangwa urushara: aminuriye inyuma kandi manini; Umutegarugori u-mu-teg-a- ø -ru-gori -
Urugero1: Ihakana n’iyemeza
• Intenderi cyangwa indegarege: inkungu zifite uduhembe duto dutendera. b) Igice cya kabiri ari ntera:
Si ay’ingimbi iterura
InkaNimu Rwandantabashika
amajunga yari ifite imihango, imigenzo n’imiziririzo. Tutabitinzeho, iyo Ubujyahabi u-bu-gi-a-ha-bi i y/-J; gy jy mu nyandiko isanzwe.
usanze umushumba cyangwa undi mutunzi akama, hari imvugo yihariye bakoresha
Si inkiko utura iruhande Umubagito u-mu-ba-ki-to k g/-GR/ a m/-j
basubirikanya mu kiganiro
Ni inkuba zitaha cyabo.
i Nyarubuye. Inshamake i-n-ci-a- ø-ma-ke i ø /-J/ c sh/n-
Umushumba ahereza shebuja inkoni, shebuja ati: “Cyura amashyo”, umugaragu ati:
Urugero 2: Ibusanya ry’amagambo c) Igice cya kabiri ari imbundo
“Cyurirwa amagana”.
Ugiye bagushishira Umwigaguhuma u-mu-ig-a-ku-hum-a u w/-J; k g/-GR
Umushumba
Uzagarukaahereza shebuja injishi, ati: “Akira injishi”, shebuja ati: “Uzuza”,
bagushishimuye
umushumba Indiragukinduka i-n-ri-ir-a-ku-kind-uk-a r d/n-; k g/-GR;
Ugiye uriati: “Uzurizwa.”
Muhimpundu
Uzagarukayakirira
Umushumba uri Muhinduru
shebuja amata ati: “Akira amata”, shebuja ati: “Irakamwa
Ugiye uri Ibi
nk’umwami”. igisabo
byakorwaga na buri wese wakiriye amata. a ø /-j
Uzagaruka uri igisambo d) Igice cya kabiri ari ikinyazina
Uwazakenera ibirebana n’imihango, imigenzo n’imiziririzo yazasoma igitabo cya
Ugiye uri ingwa yera
Nyakwigendera Musenyeri Bigirumwami Aloyizi. (Mgr BIGIRUMWAMI, A., 2004, Umuvandimwe u-mu-vu-a-ø-n-da-i-mwe u ø /-J;a ø /-J
Uzagaruka uri imbwa yiba.
Imihango n’imigenzo n’imiziririzo mu Rwanda, Diocèse de Nyundo, quatrième édition.)
c) Umubangikanyo wuzuzanya: Ikimenyabose i-ki-meny-a-ba-o-se a ø /-J
Usanga intondeke ya mbere igenda isobanurwa n’iya kabiri ndetse n’iyikurikiye. imberabyombi i-n-ba-ir-a-bi-o-mbi n m/-b; i y/-J; a+i e
Imyitozo
Urugero: Inka ya Rumonyi Amaburakindi a-ma-bur-a- ø-ki-ndi -

1. Abogeza
Erekana inkuba zesa
impamagazo, impakanizi, imivugo n’umusibo mu izina ry’Inka ya e) Igice cya kabiri ari umugereka:
Bakubwire
Rumonyi. iy’ingondo
Imbibi ziseseyeho Ikiryakare i-ki-ri-a-kare i y/-J
2. Garagaza impakanizi y’umuzinge, ugaragaze n’ikikwemeza ko ari yo.
Wihagire imparuzo Umugiranabi u-mu-gir-a-nabi -
3. Umwisi w’inka ya Rumonyi ni nde? Yabayeho ku ngoma ya nde?
Amazina y’inka akubiyemo ubuhanga bwinshi, aho usanga umwisi ashobora guhitamo Umugiraneza u-mu-gir-a-neza -
amagambo ajyanye n’icyo ashaka kuvuga cyangwa se akaba yakoresha igereranya.

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Tugarutse
Iyo turebyemuizi ntondeke
Rwanda, twavuga
dusanga zubatse
ko inka zari
kimwe,
zifite
amagambo
uko bazita
y’ubwoko
amazinabumwe
bahereye
agiye
ku Kimwe no mu byivugo no mu bisigo, amazina y’inka na yo agira amagambo
ruhu
aba murwazo.
mwanya izo bita ibihogo, igitare, isine (yashoboraga kuba ari isine koko
Habaumwe. yihariye; amwe muri yo ni aya akurikira:
cyangwa ari umukara), igaju, ubugondo (umweru n’ibihogo), ikibamba (umukara
Imibangikanyo ishingiye kuurwirungu,
kivugwa cyangwa Impanzi: intwari
n’ibyeru binini), umusengo, uruvuzo,ingingo.
urusa (bugufi gusa n’igaju),
a) Umubangikanyo wisobanura
inziga, inyamanya, n’andi mabara. Intarizi: inenge;
Intondeke ya kabiri isubira mu ngingo y’intondeke iyibanjirije. Gucutsa: kwita inyambo y’inyamibwa izina rya mbere;
Abanyarwanda kandi bashoboraga guha amazina inka bafatiye ku buryo ziteze
Ingaruzo: igisingizo cyo mu izina ry’inka;
Urugero:
amahembe. Inkazikurikira
Ingero ya Rumonyi zirabikomozaho:
Ikigondo: ihembe ry’inka;
• Inkungu: nta Kurya irihozaziba
mahembe mu rugina
zifite;
Imbuga yaryo iratukura Impamagazo: igika cya mbere cy’umuzinge;
• Ingorore: amahembe
Ntagera muagororotse;
ntagara Inkobwa: inka itari ikimasa;
• Urukoro: amahembe areba imbere;
Ahora akina mu ntoki… Umusibo: igika cyo mu musozo w’izina ry’inka gisingiza inyamibwa
•b) Umuhino:
Umubangikanyoaminuriye w’inshyamirane
inyuma ariko mato; yonyine;
Ingingo dusanga
• Inkondogoro: muguhura
yenda ntondeke ya ntabe
ariko kabirimaremare
iba ishyamiranye
cyane; n’iyo mu ntondeke Gusibira: kuvuga impakanizi
ya mbere. Uwo mubangikanyo
• Urukomane: amahembe abusanye; uboneka mu ngeri nyinshi z’ubuvanganzo. Uwo Umuzinge: izina ry’inka rigizwe n’imivugo;
mubangikanyo hari ubwo uba ushingiye ku iyemeza n’ihakana bigiye mu buryo
• Ikigarama: agaramye ataminuriye inyuma; Kugogomera: kwimya kw’imfizi;
bw’inshinga. Hari ubwo uba ushingiye ku ibusana ry’amagambo gusa.
• Ikibinda cyangwa urushara: aminuriye inyuma kandi manini; Kuvuta: kwikiriza bavuza urusaku.
Urugero1: Ihakana n’iyemeza
• Intenderi cyangwa indegarege: inkungu zifite uduhembe duto dutendera. 3) Igereranya:
Si ay’ingimbi iterura
InkaNimu Rwandantabashika
amajunga yari ifite imihango, imigenzo n’imiziririzo. Tutabitinzeho, iyo Igereranya rikoreshwa cyanecyane mu mazina y’inka, aho amacumu
usanze umushumba cyangwa undi mutunzi akama, hari imvugo yihariye bakoresha
Si inkiko utura iruhande y’indatwa bayagereranya n’amacumu y’abantu. Igereranya rishobora
basubirikanya mu kiganiro
Ni inkuba zitaha cyabo.
i Nyarubuye. gushingira ku magambo yumvisha cyangwa agusha ku gisobanuro.
Hashobora gukoreshwa icyungo ngereranya nka, inshinga gusa
Umushumba ahereza shebuja inkoni, shebuja ati: “Cyura amashyo”, umugaragu ati:
Urugero 2: Ibusanya ry’amagambo n’icyungo na.
“Cyurirwa amagana”.
Ugiye bagushishira
Umushumba Urugero: Inka ya Rumonyi
Uzagarukaahereza shebuja injishi, ati: “Akira injishi”, shebuja ati: “Uzuza”,
bagushishimuye
umushumba
Ugiye uriati: “Uzurizwa.”
Muhimpundu Ikaba mu mariza y’impeta
Uzagarukayakirira
Umushumba uri Muhinduru
shebuja amata ati: “Akira amata”, shebuja ati: “Irakamwa Igasa n’inyamibwa rwema
Ugiye uri Ibi
nk’umwami”. igisabo
byakorwaga na buri wese wakiriye amata. Ni yo macumu adahemba (atavunika)
Uzagaruka uri igisambo Nk’inti z’abanyamahanga.
Uwazakenera ibirebana n’imihango, imigenzo n’imiziririzo yazasoma igitabo cya
Ugiye uri ingwa yera
Nyakwigendera Musenyeri Bigirumwami Aloyizi. (Mgr BIGIRUMWAMI, A., 2004, Byumvikane neza, kuva aho u Rwanda rubaye Repubulika, inyambo
Uzagaruka uri imbwa yiba.
Imihango n’imigenzo n’imiziririzo mu Rwanda, Diocèse de Nyundo, quatrième édition.) ntizongeye kwitabwaho cyane ngo zibe zamurikwa cyangwa ngo ziratwe
c) Umubangikanyo wuzuzanya:
Usanga intondeke ya mbere igenda isobanurwa n’iya kabiri ndetse n’iyikurikiye. bikabije nk’uko byahoze mbere. Ibyo kuzihimbira amazina bisa n’ibizimiye,
Imyitozo ahubwo amazina yari yaratowe na bamwe muri rubanda cyangwa abisi
Urugero: Inka ya Rumonyi ubwabo bakajya bayavuga mu mutwe bateraniye mu birori. Ijambo
1. Abogeza
Erekana inkuba zesa
impamagazo, impakanizi, imivugo n’umusibo mu izina ry’Inka ya umwami ryayazagamo, abantu batinyaga kurivuga bakarisimbuza perezida
Bakubwire
Rumonyi. iy’ingondo cyangwa rwose bakaricaho.
Imbibi
2. Garagaza ziseseyeho
impakanizi y’umuzinge, ugaragaze n’ikikwemeza ko ari yo. Amwe mu mazina y’abisi bamenyekanye
Wihagire imparuzo
3. Umwisi w’inka ya Rumonyi ni nde? Yabayeho ku ngoma ya nde? Hagiye habaho abisi b’intamenyekana, bitewe n’uko babaga badafite
Amazina y’inka akubiyemo ubuhanga bwinshi, aho usanga umwisi ashobora guhitamo ubuhanga bukaze bwo gutuma amazina bitaga ahimbaza abayumva.
amagambo ajyanye n’icyo ashaka kuvuga cyangwa se akaba yakoresha igereranya. Iyo mpamvu yagombaga gutuma abayafashe mu nteruro badatinyuka

54
46 47
kuyogeza.
ize bwite. NaAbisi
web’abahanga
yarazigumanaga
bamenyekanye
akaziha abomuashaka.
myitire
Umutahira
y’amazinarero
y’inka
yabaga
harimo
ari Hari icyo tutagomba kwitiranya; iriba rihiye ryitwa “imbuga” cyangwa “ibuga”,
aba
mu rwego
bakurikira:
rw’abashumba b’inyambo. Ubushyo yabaga ashinzwe iyo bwasazaga iridahiye nk’aho hose mu gihugu bapfaga kuhira inka, ryitwaga “urwoyo”. Amariba
bamuremeraga ubundi bushyo cyangwa bakaburemera umwana we w’umuhungu. ahiye barayahagurukiraga, bagakora urugendo ruraza nzira ndetse n’iminsi ibiri ikaba
Izina ry’umwisi Ingoma yabayeho
yashyika umuntu agishakisha ahaboneka iriba rihiye. Urwo rugendo rujya kuhira
Abarenzamase:
1. Nkibiki Bo bari nk’abakozi bari
1. bashinzwe
Gahindiro kwirirwa inyuma y’inka inka kure byitwa “kurekera”, abarukoze bayoboye inka zabo bakitwa “abarekezi”.
(bubakaga
2. Mugaragu ibiraro, bacaga ibyarire) kandi bakaba barashyirwagaho
2. Gahindiro n’umutahira.
n’iya Rwogera Niba ari urugendo ruraye ijoro rimwe, bashoboraga gusiga inyana, zikarara ukubiri
3. Bwarikerimwe
Ukuvukira bwa Mahanane
k’ubushyo bw’inyambo 3. Gahindiro,
z’ingegene.Rwogera, n’iya Rwabugili na za nyina; ibyo bikitwa “kurara iragwe”. Habagaho ubwo inka icika nijoro ishaka
4. Bukombe 4. Rwogera, na Rwabugili iyayo ibyo bikitwa guhomora. Amariba ahiye bayashakiraga n’akandi kamaro: ngo
Ubushyo bw’inyambo bwabyariraga rimwe (agatsinda kabaga karavukiye rimwe). Uko
5. Bikungero bya Murema 5. Rwogera, na Rwabugili
kuvukira rimwe byagendaga bite? Amashashi yavuraga inka indwara zimwe na zimwe, ariko izabimenyerejwe buri mwaka zabibura
6. Ndangamira ya Muyoboke 6. y’inyambo
Rwabugili yararindaga, ntibahereko
babangurira zikagubwa nabi, zigasogobwa (zikazongwa).
7. Mareba irinze yose, ahubwo bakazihorera zikarinduka. Aho bazashakira ko
7. Rwabugili
zibangurirwa
8. Rukazambuga bakazishora ku iriba rihiye. 8. Rwabugili, asaza ku ya Rudahigwa
rwa Serupfura Inka zuhirwaga mu Ki amariba ahiye, kugira ngo zibangurirwe ku Mpeshyi zizabyare
9. Rudakeneshwa
Iriba rwa Bikungero
rihiye ni iriba ry’amazi 9. Rwabugili
y’urwunyunyu rukaze, n’iya
maze inka Musinga igahodoka.
iryuhiweho mu Itumba, zibone ubwatsi bwinshi ku mvura. Nanone inka yabyaraga mu Ki, mu
10. Ndibyariye
Guhodoka bivuga kugira icyokere mu mubiri 10. Musinga
kiyitera n’iya Rudahigwa
ubuzinukwe bw’amazi ya minsi ya mbere ntiyakamwaga, bayiragiraga mu bwatsi bw’inkome bubonetse bwose.
11. Nyagahungu 11. Rudahigwa
bene iryo riba rihiye; igihe ikifitemo ubuhodoke wayishora ku mazi ahiye ikayanga, Nyamara iminsi ya mbere yo kuyihemba yararangiraga igasigara yanamye, irisha
12. Sebikara
ahubwo Marikoamazi asanzwe y’umugezi,
ikishakira 12. Rudahigwa
kugira ngo ihoshe icyo cyokere hamwe n’izindi, bikayizahaza igakurizamo kurwara muhekenyi. Aborozi ba kera
yiyumvamo. Ubwo bavuga ko iryo riba rihotora(Iyo inka zinywaho zigahodoka). rero, abari bazi uburyo bw’imyororere y’inka, ntibabanguriraga inka zabo mu gihe
Abisi ni ikiciro
Ubuhodoke k’intiti ariko
bwamaraga icyo baba
iminsi barusha
myinshi, izindi
ndetse ntiti ni uko
bikageza no kubokwezi,
bihariye noubuhanga
ku mezi kizahurirana n’uko zibyara mu Ki.
bw’umwimerere bwo guhimba nta cyo bahereyeho cyabaye.
abiri. Iriba ryarushaga ayandi kuba rihiye baribwirwaga n’iminsi rihotora. Bahanze igitekerezo
cyo gutuma inka ziba abarwanyi nk’aho zifite ubwenge; bakaba kandi barakenetse Ni byiza kwibuka ko hari itegeko ryo kweza amariba imvura y’Itumba ivuye hasi;
Iyo nkaripimye.
itonde buhiye, niba yakamwaga, imara gukuka ku iriba rihiye ikagira iyayumo, ni mu kwezi kwa Kamena kamena amasekuru. Kweza amariba ni ukuyavanamo amazi
ukuvuga kumira amata, ikagabanya umukamo cyane. Nyamara, uko ubuhodoke yose, iriba bakarisukura, bakabona kuryuhiraho. Iriba ritejejwe Itumba rivuye hasi,
Bitewe n’ubuhanga bwabo,
buyigabanyukamo, Nkibiki,
ikangishira. Ndangamira
Kwangishira na Bikungero
bivuga kugendabafite injyana
yongera bihariye
umukamo. bari bazi ko ritera muhekenyi mu nka. Uwo murimo wo kweza amariba kimwe
zikaba zitwa hakurikijwe
Kwangishira si iby’amazi amazina
ahiye yabo.
gusa; n’iyo inka zirishije uruhira, igisigati no kuyafukura mbere, byari bitegetswe abafite inka bose; uwanze kubijyamo
-cyangwa
Injyana Bi:
ubwatsi bwinshi bwiza, na12
igizwe n’utubeshuro bwo zirangishira. Iyo rero iby’uguhodoka bakamukoma iryo riba ntazashobore kuryuhiraho. Iriba riteze ryitwa “umugwira”,
birangiye, ubushyo bwose-u-u-u-u bwuhiwe =12
ya mazi ahiye, bwarindiraga icyarimwe; ubwo n’amazi yaryo arimo umwanda akitwa “umugwira”.
- Injyana Nki: zikazabyarira
bakazibangurira, igizwe n’utubeshurorimwe. 9
- u- u-u =19 Hariho amariba ya kera cyane yategekwaga n’abatware bayagabanye, abaje kuhira
-HariInjyana
igitekerezo
Nda:kiza cya n’utubeshuro
igizwe bene ayo mariba 9 ahiye. Ku ngoma ya Yuhi IV Gahindiro, bakabanza kubatura. Nyamara amariba menshi ntiyagiraga umutware w’ibuga.
igihe yari atuye i Murinja ho - -ku
u- Mayaga
-u =9 ubu ni mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo, bagiye impaka Habanzaga kuhira uwatanze abandi gufata amazi, abandi bakaza gukurikirana uko
z’amariba
Bene atambukije
izi njyana ni zo bita ayandi
fatizo gushya. Gahindiro
naho injyana reroiba
yungirije atumira
ipanzwe amakoro y’amazi
uko bashatse ku bagiye bahamusanga.Uwajyaga gufata amazi, yazindukaga kare cyane, akarema
y’amariba
buryo yuzuzay’Igihugu cyose.twa
utubeshuro Amakoro
ngombwayayoariko
mazitudatondetswe
amaze kugera dutyo.i Murinja, bafukura igicaniro ku iriba, bwamara gucya akadahira. Umwanya wa buri muntu wo kuhira
ibibumbiro inyuma yo ku karubanda (akarubanda ni umuharuro w’ibwami aho witwaga umurambi. Habaga ubwo haza umuntu w’ikinyamaboko agashaka guhuguza
Abasesenguye neza iby’aba bisi ngo bose ntibari bahwanyije ubuhanga. Musenyeri
buri muntu wese yashoboraga kwigendera uko ashaka, ntihagire umubuza). Baje abandi umurambi wabo, bakarwana. Kurwanira amazi byitwaga gukomata, ari byo
Alegisi Kagame wasesenguye inganzo zabo yitonze avuga ko bariya ikenda ba mbere
gusogongeza
ukuyemo inka ku maziari
Rukazambuga, yashyizwe mu bibumbiro
bo bari bafite inganzo byose,
ityaye.barazahura zirahangaza.
Avuga ko Rukazambuga byenderaho rya jambo ngo inkomati.
Igihe cy’amashoka
yapfaga gucurikiranya kigeze, baza kuzuhira
amagambo, kuri bya bibumbiro,
ntashodekanye amabangoariko agushabarazireka
hamwe.
zihitiramo. Zose ziza zisibanira amazi yo mu Rushya rwa Nyamirango, iribaniryo Ibindi byavugwa ku nka
Ndibyariye na Nyagahungu na bo ngo ntibari shyashya. Sebikara Mariko ngo we
mu Bwishya (ubu ni muri Repubulika Iharanira Demukarasi ya Kongo), izihabuze Inka mu Rwanda rwo hambere zajyaga mu myiyereko cyanecyane inyambo.
wari ubijemo neza, abifitiye ubwenge; gusa ngo yaje bikendera. Sebikara we ngo
umwanya iriba risa
rya atabanje
Mupfu ryo Zaherekezaga umwami n’abatware mu mitambagiro. Si mu Rwanda honyine bakunze
yaba yarisezisanga
izina rimwe mu Bunyambiriri;
kwitegereza imihimbire izihabuze umwanya
y’izina ry’inka ngo
zinywa ku rya Ngugu ryo mu Mutara. Izibuze umwanya kuri ayo ngayo zanga kunywa inka, nko mu Buhinde bayigize ikigirwamana ndetse n’Abaromani baririmba inka
akurikize amategeko yaryo. Undi mwisi ushyirwa mu majwi ni Rucakatsi; yise inka
ku yandi ahubwo mu bisigo byabo.
ebyiri ariko ngo nazigaruka
we byarikurwanira umwanyako
bimaze kugaragara kuri ayo uko
impano yo ari atatu.
kwita Bityo zica
imucumbamo
urubanzakokoamatwara
ikibatsi, iriba ryo mu Rushya rwa
ye ashobora Nyamirango
kumugeza riyaruta yose,
heza. Bivugwa hagataho
ko higeze Mupfu
kubaho undi
na Ngugu.

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52 53
ize
kuyogeza.
bwite. NaAbisi
web’abahanga
yarazigumanaga
bamenyekanye
akaziha abomuashaka.
myitire
Umutahira
y’amazinarero
y’inka
yabaga
harimo
ari mwisi witwa Ruburika rwa Mukotanyi wo ku ngoma ya Musinga, ariko we nta zina
mu
aba rwego
bakurikira:
rw’abashumba b’inyambo. Ubushyo yabaga ashinzwe iyo bwasazaga na rimwe rye ryashoboye kuboneka, cyakora ngo yise ubushyo bwitwa Intaganira,
bamuremeraga ubundi bushyo cyangwa bakaburemera umwana we w’umuhungu. bwo mu mutwe w’Izimanye( iryo zina ni ukubangura bashaka kuvuga Izimanye na
Izina ry’umwisi Ingoma yabayeho Mibambwe).
Abarenzamase:
1. Nkibiki Bo bari nk’abakozi bari
1. bashinzwe
Gahindiro kwirirwa inyuma y’inka
(bubakaga
2. Mugaragu ibiraro, bacaga ibyarire) kandi bakaba barashyirwagaho
2. Gahindiro n’umutahira.
n’iya Rwogera Umwisi w’inka ya Rumonyi: Ndangamira ya Muyoboke , mumenye biruseho.
3. Bwarikerimwe
Ukuvukira bwa Mahanane
k’ubushyo bw’inyambo 3. Gahindiro,
z’ingegene.Rwogera, n’iya Rwabugili Ndangamira ya Muyoboke yari umwisi uzimbukiwe cyane n’ubwisi bw’amazina
4. Bukombe 4. Rwogera, na Rwabugili y’inka. Yabaye intiti bitavugwa mu nganzo y’ubusizi, yumvaga inganzo ye, injyana
Ubushyo bw’inyambo bwabyariraga rimwe (agatsinda kabaga karavukiye rimwe). Uko ye; mbese ibye byose byari bifite umwihariko kuko yari atandukanye cyane n’abandi
5. Bikungero bya Murema 5. Rwogera, na Rwabugili
kuvukira rimwe byagendaga
6. Ndangamira ya Muyoboke bite? Amashashi
6. y’inyambo
Rwabugili yararindaga, ntibahereko bisi babayeho mu mateka y’abisi.
babangurira
7. Mareba irinze yose, ahubwo bakazihorera zikarinduka. Aho bazashakira ko
7. Rwabugili
zibangurirwa bakazishora ku iriba rihiye. 8. Rwabugili, asaza ku ya Rudahigwa Hari ubwo umwami Kigeli Rwabugili yamutegetse kwita inka ya Terera, uwo
8. Rukazambuga rwa Serupfura
Ndangamira atangira umurimo we, arangije imivugo itanu ararwara araremba;
9. Rudakeneshwa
Iriba rwa Bikungero
rihiye ni iriba ry’amazi 9. Rwabugili
y’urwunyunyu rukaze, n’iya
maze inka Musinga igahodoka.
iryuhiweho umwami abonye bitinze, ategeka uwitwa Rukazambuga, na we w’umwisi, gusoza
10. Ndibyariye
Guhodoka bivuga kugira icyokere mu mubiri 10. Musinga
kiyitera n’iya Rudahigwa
ubuzinukwe bw’amazi ya izina ry’inka ya Terera. Ubwo yongeraho imivugo ibiri harimo n’imivunano.
11. Nyagahungu 11. Rudahigwa
bene iryo riba rihiye; igihe ikifitemo ubuhodoke wayishora ku mazi ahiye ikayanga, Ndangamira ngo aho akiriye yasuzumye izina ryasojwe na Rukazambuga yumva
12. Sebikara
ahubwo Marikoamazi asanzwe y’umugezi,
ikishakira 12. Rudahigwa
kugira ngo ihoshe icyo cyokere umusozo watanzwe usa n’ukwanjitse udahwitse, nibwo ngo Ndangamira anenze
yiyumvamo. Ubwo bavuga ko iryo riba rihotora(Iyo inka zinywaho zigahodoka). imisozereze y’iryo zina ry’inka ya Terera yongeraho uwe yizeraga ko unoze ukurikije
Abisi ni ikiciro
Ubuhodoke k’intiti ariko
bwamaraga icyo baba
iminsi barusha
myinshi, izindi
ndetse ntiti ni uko
bikageza no kubokwezi,
bihariye noubuhanga
ku mezi inganzo y’amazina y’inka.
bw’umwimerere bwo guhimba nta cyo bahereyeho cyabaye.
abiri. Iriba ryarushaga ayandi kuba rihiye baribwirwaga n’iminsi rihotora. Bahanze igitekerezo
cyo gutuma inka ziba abarwanyi nk’aho zifite ubwenge; bakaba kandi barakenetse Bivugwa ko Ndangamira yari yaratwawe n’inganzo y’amazina y’inka ku buryo
Iyo nkaripimye.
itonde buhiye, niba yakamwaga, imara gukuka ku iriba rihiye ikagira iyayumo, ni yajyaga ayikinamo abyishakiye cyangwa babimusabye. Hari ingero zagiye zitangwa
ukuvuga kumira amata, ikagabanya umukamo cyane. Nyamara, uko ubuhodoke n’abasesenguye cyane inganzo ya Ndangamira. Dufate ingero zikurikira:
Bitewe n’ubuhanga bwabo,
buyigabanyukamo, Nkibiki,
ikangishira. Ndangamira
Kwangishira na Bikungero
bivuga kugendabafite injyana
yongera bihariye
umukamo.
zikaba zitwa hakurikijwe
Kwangishira si iby’amazi amazina
ahiye yabo.
gusa; n’iyo inka zirishije uruhira, igisigati Inka ya Kanyamashokoro: yari inka y’inkuku y’umugabo Nzigiye. Iyo nka ngo ikaba
-cyangwa
Injyana Bi: yarakamwaga cyane. Umugore wa Nzigiye witwaga Nyirakayogera asaba Ndangamira
ubwatsi bwinshi bwiza, na12
igizwe n’utubeshuro bwo zirangishira. Iyo rero iby’uguhodoka
ngo ayimusingirize. Ndangamira yabyitabiye yumva aguye ahashashe mu nganzo ye.
birangiye, ubushyo bwose-u-u-u-u bwuhiwe =12
ya mazi ahiye, bwarindiraga icyarimwe; ubwo
- Injyana Nki: zikazabyarira
bakazibangurira, igizwe n’utubeshurorimwe. 9 Inka ya Ruzirabwoba: yari inka y’inkungu baturiye Kigeri Rwabugili ahitwa i
- u- u-u =19 Ruhama rwa Kayenzi ho mu Ndorwa, ivuye mu minyago. Bavuga ko kari agaka
-HariInjyana
igitekerezo
Nda:kiza cya n’utubeshuro
igizwe bene ayo mariba 9 ahiye. Ku ngoma ya Yuhi IV Gahindiro, kiburungushuye. Umwami asaba bose kuyimurekera ngo hatagira uyimusaba.
igihe yari atuye i Murinja ho - -ku
u- Mayaga
-u =9 ubu ni mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo, bagiye impaka Ndangamira ayibonye na we arayirata by’amashyengo.
z’amariba
Bene atambukije
izi njyana ni zo bita ayandi
fatizo gushya. Gahindiro
naho injyana reroiba
yungirije atumira
ipanzwe amakoro y’amazi
uko bashatse ku
y’amariba
buryo yuzuzay’Igihugu cyose.twa
utubeshuro Amakoro
ngombwayayoariko
mazitudatondetswe
amaze kugera dutyo.i Murinja, bafukura Inkuku y’ikirezi: Ni inka ya Ndangamira yahonotse muryamo, ni ukuvuga iyarwaye
ibibumbiro inyuma yo ku karubanda (akarubanda ni umuharuro w’ibwami aho umuze hanyuma ikawukira. Ndangamira yarayise.
Abasesenguye neza iby’aba bisi ngo bose ntibari bahwanyije ubuhanga. Musenyeri
buri muntu wese yashoboraga kwigendera uko ashaka, ntihagire umubuza). Baje Inshyame ya Ndangamira: Ni inka ya Ndangamira yabaye inshyame ya Muryamo,
Alegisi Kagame wasesenguye inganzo zabo yitonze avuga ko bariya ikenda ba mbere
gusogongeza
ukuyemo inka ku maziari
Rukazambuga, yashyizwe mu bibumbiro
bo bari bafite inganzo byose,
ityaye.barazahura zirahangaza.
Avuga ko Rukazambuga ni ukuvuga itigeze ifatwa n’umuze wa muryamo. Ndangamira na yo yarayise mu
Igihe cy’amashoka
yapfaga gucurikiranya kigeze, baza kuzuhira
amagambo, kuri bya bibumbiro,
ntashodekanye amabangoariko agushabarazireka
hamwe. mashyengo.
zihitiramo. Zose ziza zisibanira amazi yo mu Rushya rwa
Ndibyariye na Nyagahungu na bo ngo ntibari shyashya. Sebikara Mariko ngo Nyamirango, iribaniryo
we
mu Bwishya (ubu ni muri Repubulika Iharanira Demukarasi ya
wari ubijemo neza, abifitiye ubwenge; gusa ngo yaje bikendera. Sebikara we ngo Kongo), izihabuze
umwanya
yaba yarisezisanga iriba risa
izina rimwe rya atabanje
Mupfu ryo mu Bunyambiriri;
kwitegereza imihimbire izihabuze umwanya
y’izina ry’inka ngo
zinywa ku rya Ngugu ryo mu Mutara. Izibuze umwanya kuri ayo ngayo
akurikize amategeko yaryo. Undi mwisi ushyirwa mu majwi ni Rucakatsi; yise inka zanga kunywa
ku yandi
ebyiri ahubwo
ariko ngo nazigaruka
we byarikurwanira umwanyako
bimaze kugaragara kuri ayo uko
impano yo ari atatu.
kwita Bityo zica
imucumbamo
urubanzakokoamatwara
ikibatsi, iriba ryo mu Rushya rwa
ye ashobora Nyamirango
kumugeza riyaruta yose,
heza. Bivugwa hagataho
ko higeze Mupfu
kubaho undi
na Ngugu.

52
48 49
Imyororere y’inyambo Kumenya inyambo yuzuye
Inyambo zari zifite umubyimba muremure. Nyamara umuntu yakwibaza
icyatumaga bazikunda. Bazitozaga uko zigenda maze bakazimurika mu birori bityo
ntizihungabane. Ariko kandi ubu bwo biraruhije kugira ngo umuntu abyumve.

Uko bitaga inyambo

Iyo inyambo zamaraga kubyara uburiza, umutahira yatumiraga umwisi akaza
akitegereza ubundi iz’ingenzi muri zo akazita akaziha inshutso yarangiza agataha
bakamuha inka y’intizo ikamwa, yamara kuyitekesha akayisubizayo. Mu myitire
y’inka icyo bita inshutso ni nk’igisingizo k’inyambo zibyaye inshuro imwe gusa.
Igisingizo kandi cyabaga gifite nk’imikarago 15. Maze umwisi agashyiraho impakanizi
igenda igaruka. Iyo za nyambo zamaraga kubyara ubuheta barongeraga bagatumira
umwisi ngo agire icyo yongeraho ku nshutso maze akaza akita indatwa muri izo
mpeta akayisingiza.
• Inshutso ya mbere ikitwa impamagazo
• Igisingizo cya kabiri kikitwa impakanizi
• Ibindi bisingizo bikitwa imivugo
• Igisingizo cya nyuma kikitwa umusibo cyangwa imivunano. Umusibo ni kuri
ya ndatwa yonyine, naho imivunano ni ku ishyo ryose.
Ikitonderwa: Igice kigenda kigaruka mu izina ry’inka ( umukarago) kitwa impakanizi
y’umuzinge.

Imitegekere y’inyambo
Umwami ni we wari umutware w’inyambo mukuru, hagakurikiraho umutware
w’ingabo, agakurikirwa n’umutware w’inyambo, hakaza umutahira, hagaheruka
Kugira ngo inyambo zigwire mu Gihugu, umutware w’inyambo yafataga: umurenzamase.

- Inkuku + imfizi y’inyambo ikabyara ibigarama Umwami: yari nyiri Igihugu bityo akaba yari ku mutwe wa byose.
- Ibigarama + imfizi y’inyabo ikabyara inkerakibumbiro Umutware w’ingabo: yari umukuru w’umutwe w’ingabo kandi akaba yari hejuru
- Inkerakibumbiro + imfizi y’inyambo ikabyara imirizo y’umutware w’inyambo
- Imirizo + imfizi y’inyambo ikabyara ingegene Umutware w’inyambo: yabaga ari umuntu ujijutse, akaba yarashyirwagaho ngo
agenge inyambo zo mu mitwe iyi n’iyi. Ubwo butegetsi yaburagaga umwana we
Ingegene ni yo nyambo yuzuye. Ingegene cyangwa inyambo yuzuye yabaga ari inka
bugakomeza kuba uruhererekane. Ntiyashoboraga kunyagwa kuko yari ashinzwe
ifite umubyimba muremure.
imyororerere y’inyambo. Nyamara umutware w’ingabo we yashoboraga kunyagwa
Ubwo bumenyi umuntu yakwibaza uko bwari buteye. Mu by’ukuri ubwo bumenyi
ingabo.
bwari mu buryo bubiri:
a) Uburyo bwo kubangurira inka z’inkuku ku mfizi y’Inyambo; Umutahira: we yabaga ari umunyacyubahiro baremeraga ubushyo bw’inyambo bwo
b) Uburyo bwo kubangurira Inyambo z’ingegene ku mfizi y’Inkuku zikabyara mu mutwe uyu n’uyu w’inka, akawubwiriza akawuragira. Umutahira yashoboraga
ingegene. guhabwa inkoni y’ubushumba (kumuziturira); bamuhaga inka (ubushyo). Byakorwaga
bazitura inyana mu kiraro bakazimuha bakanamuha inkoni y’ubushumba. Iyo inka
zamaraga kuba amabuguma, umutware w’inyambo yazeguriraga umutahira zikaba

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