Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 9 views

    Science Worksheet Unit (1) - Grade 6

    Uploaded by

    ayakhaled182001

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Science Worksheet Unit (1) - Grade 6

    Uploaded by

    ayakhaled182001
    9 views7 pages

    Original Title

    Science Worksheet Unit (1) – Grade 6 - Copy

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    9 views7 pages

    Science Worksheet Unit (1) - Grade 6

    Uploaded by

    ayakhaled182001

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    Science Worksheet Unit (1) – Grade 6

    The Circulatory System

    Study Notes: The Circulatory System

    1. Parts of the Circulatory System

     Heart: A muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. It has two sides:
    o Left Side: Pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body.
    o Right Side: Pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.
     Blood Vessels: Tubes that carry blood throughout the body:
    o Arteries: Carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.
    o Veins: Carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.
    o Capillaries: Tiny vessels where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged with tissues.
     Blood: A red liquid that transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste products.

    2. Functions of the Circulatory System

     Delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells.


     Removes carbon dioxide and waste products.
     Regulates body temperature and pH levels.

    3. Blood Circulation Process

     Blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs (right side) to get oxygen.
     Oxygen-rich blood returns to the heart (left side) and is pumped to the rest of the body.
     Waste products are picked up and returned to the heart to be sent to the lungs and kidneys
    for elimination.

    4. Measuring Pulse Rate

     Pulse is felt at points like the wrist or neck and indicates heartbeats.
     Normal resting pulse for kids: about 90 beats per minute; for adults: about 70 beats per
    minute.

    Questions and Answers

    Questions:

    1. What does the heart do?


    2. Why is the heart divided into two sides?
    3. What is the difference between arteries and veins?
    4. Describe the flow of blood through the heart.
    5. What happens to your pulse rate during exercise? Why?
    6. Why do we have three types of blood vessels? Give a reason for each type.
    7. How would you measure your pulse rate? Describe the steps.
    8. Plan an experiment to see how exercise affects pulse rate. What would you measure,
    change, and keep the same?

    Answers:

    1. The heart pumps blood throughout the body, supplying oxygen and nutrients.
    2. The heart is divided into two sides to separate oxygen-rich blood from oxygen-poor
    blood, allowing for efficient circulation.
    3. Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart, while veins carry oxygen-
    poor blood back to the heart.
    4. Blood flows from the body into the right side of the heart, is pumped to the lungs to
    receive oxygen, returns to the left side of the heart, and is then pumped out to the
    body.
    5. During exercise, your pulse rate increases to supply more oxygen and nutrients to
    your muscles.
    6. We have three types of blood vessels because:
    o Arteries: To carry blood away from the heart under high pressure.
    o Veins: To return blood to the heart at lower pressure.
    o Capillaries: To allow for the exchange of gases and nutrients at the cellular level.
    7. To measure pulse rate:
    o Find your pulse on your wrist or neck.
    o Count the beats for one minute.
    o Repeat the measurement three times and calculate the average.
    8. Experiment Plan:
    o Prediction: Exercise will increase pulse rate.
    o Variables:
    1. Measured: Pulse rate.
    2. Changed: Type/amount of exercise.
    3. Kept the same: Time of day, duration of rest before measuring.
    o Equipment: Stopwatch, paper for recording results, and a partner to assist.
    The Respiratory System

    What is the Respiratory System?

     The respiratory system is responsible for taking in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide from the
    body.
     Main parts include:
    o Lungs: Two organs that fill with air and enable gas exchange.
    o Windpipe (Trachea): The tube that carries air to the lungs.
    o Diaphragm: A muscle that helps with breathing.
    o Ribs: Bones that protect the lungs and help with the expansion and contraction of the
    chest.

    How Breathing Works

    1. Breathing In (Inhalation):
    o The diaphragm contracts and moves downwards.
    o The ribs move upwards and outwards.
    o The chest cavity expands, and air is drawn into the lungs.
    2. Breathing Out (Exhalation):
    o The diaphragm relaxes and moves upwards.
    o The ribs move downwards and inwards.
    o The chest cavity decreases, and air is pushed out of the lungs.

    Measuring Breathing Rate

     Breathing rate is the number of breaths taken in one minute.


     Normal breathing rate for adults is about 12-20 breaths per minute.
     Exercise increases breathing rate as the body needs more oxygen.

    Breathing Activity

     Use a balloon to observe how air is pushed in and out of the lungs.

    Short Answer Questions

    1. What is the function of the diaphragm in the respiratory system?


    o The diaphragm helps with breathing by contracting and relaxing to change the volume
    of the chest cavity.
    2. What happens to the lungs when you breathe in?
    o The lungs expand as air fills them.
    3. Why does your breathing rate increase during exercise?
    o The body needs more oxygen to supply energy to the muscles during physical activity.
    4. How do we get rid of carbon dioxide?
    o We breathe out carbon dioxide, which is a waste product from using oxygen in the body.

    Conclusion Questions

    1. What factors can affect a person's breathing rate?


    o Factors include exercise, stress, altitude, temperature, and health conditions.
    2. Which other body system is affected by exercise?
    o The cardiovascular system is also affected by exercise.
    3. What type of scientific inquiry did you use in your investigation?
    o A controlled experiment was used to observe how different conditions affect breathing
    rate.

    The Reproductive System

    Questions to Consider:

    1. What is reproduction?
    o Reproduction is the biological process through which living organisms produce
    new individuals of the same species.
    2. Why do living things need to reproduce?
    o Reproduction is essential for the survival of species, allowing them to pass on
    their genetic information to the next generation and ensure the continuation of
    their lineage.
    3. Life Cycle Stages:

    Note: Reflect on your current stage in the human life cycle, as well as those of your family
    members.

    1. Body Changes During Puberty

    When children are born, they are small and unable to perform tasks independently. As they grow,
    significant physical and hormonal changes occur, marking the transition to adulthood. This phase
    is known as puberty.

     Age of Onset:
    o Boys typically begin puberty around 13 years old.
    o Girls usually start around 11 years old.

    Key Changes During Puberty:


     Growth Spurts:
    o Boys can grow about 10 cm per year; girls can grow up to 12 cm.
     Development of Body Hair:
    o Boys develop hair on their faces, underarms, and other areas.
    o Girls begin to grow hair in similar regions.
     Skin Changes:
    o Increased oil production can lead to acne in both boys and girls.
     Physical Changes:
    o Boys experience broader shoulders and a deeper voice as muscles develop.
    o Girls' hips widen, breasts develop, and their voice may become slightly deeper.

    2. Changes in the Reproductive System

    During puberty, important changes also occur in the reproductive system, allowing for future
    reproduction.

     Main Function of the Reproductive System:


    o To produce sex cells (gametes) necessary for reproduction.
     Male and Female Sex Cells:
    o Male sex cells are called sperm.
    o Female sex cells are known as ova (singular: ovum).
     Fertilization:
    o The process where sperm and an egg unite to create a new organism.

    Male Reproductive System

    Key Organs:

     Testes: Produce sperm.


     Sperm Duct: Carries sperm to the penis.
     Penis: Transfers sperm into the female body.

    Female Reproductive System

    Key Organs:

     Ovaries: Produce eggs (ova).


     Uterus: Where a fertilized egg develops into a baby.
     Oviducts: Site of fertilization.
     Birth Canal: The passage through which the baby is born.

    Review Questions
    1. What is the main job of the reproductive system?
    o To produce sex cells for reproduction.
    2. Name the male and female sex cells.
    o a) Male: Sperm
    o b) Female: Ova
    3. Identify parts of the male reproductive system:
    o a) Testes - makes sex cells
    o b) Sperm duct - carries sex cells to the penis
    o c) Penis - where sperm leaves the body
    4. Identify parts of the female reproductive system:
    o a) Ovaries - makes sex cells
    o b) Oviducts - where fertilization takes place
    o c) Uterus - where the baby develops
    o d) Birth canal - where sperm enters the body

    Diseases

    1. Living Things That Cause Disease

    Diseases can disrupt normal bodily functions and are caused by various living organisms,
    including:

     Parasites: Live on or in another organism (the host).


     Bacteria: Microscopic organisms that can cause diseases like cholera and pneumonia.
     Viruses: Smaller than bacteria and always harmful, causing illnesses such as flu and
    measles.
     Fungi: Some fungi cause diseases like athlete's foot and ringworm.

     .

    2. Body Defenses Against Diseases

    The body has several defenses to protect against disease:

     Skin: Acts as a barrier.


     Acid in the stomach: Kills germs from food.
     Mucus: Traps germs in respiratory pathways.
     Tears: Contain substances that kill bacteria.
    3. Controlling the Spread of Diseases

    Diseases can spread through various means, including body contact, contaminated food, and
    airborne particles.

    Preventative Measures:

     Maintain good hygiene practices:


    o Wash hands regularly.
    o Clean food and surfaces properly.
    o Cover mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing.

    You might also like