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    serie-1 (1) ا

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    University Saad Dahleb Blida Computer Science Department

    University Year: 2023/2024 1st year LMD

    ANALYSE 1 - Exercise Serie N◦ 1

    Exercise 1 √ √ √
    Prove that the number 3 is not a rational number and deduce that 3 − 5 is also an irational
    number.
    Exercise 2 Prove by induction that:

    (a) (1 + x)n > 1 + nx, ∀x > −1, x 6= 0, n  2,


    n
    X n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
    (b) k2 = ,
    6
    k=0
    n
    X
    (c) kk! = (n + 1)! − 1,
    k=0

    1 1 1
    (d) (a1 + a2 + · · · + an )( + + ··· + ) ≥ n2 for all n ∈ N∗ and a1 , · · · , an ∈ R∗+ .
    a1 a2 an
    Exercise 3
    Solve in R : √ p
    1)| x − 3| = | x + 1|; 2)| 2x − 11| ≤ | x − 5|; 3) x2 + (x − 1)2 = 1; 4) |x + 2| − |x − 2| < |x|.
    Exercise 4 Let the equation
    √ √
    q q
    x + 3 − 4 x − 1 + x + 8 − 6 x − 1 = 1. (1)

    1. Prove that α is a solution of (1) if and only if


    √ √
    | α − 1 − 2| + | α − 1 − 3| = 1. (2)

    2. Find the solution u ∈ R of the equation

    |u − 2| + |u − 3| = 1. (3)

    3. Make a conclusion.
    Exercise 5 Prove that for all x, y, u, v ∈ R, we have
    1) |x| − |y| ≤ |x − y|,
    2) |x − u| − |y − v| ≤ |x − y| + |u − v|,
    p
    3) |ux − vy| ≤ (x2 + y 2 )(u2 + v 2 ),
    |x+y| |x| |y|
    4) 1+|x+y| ≤ 1+|x| + 1+|y| .
    ∗
    Exercise 6 Let n ∈ N .

    1. Prove that
    √ √ 1 √ √
    2 n + 1 − 2 n < √ < 2 n − 2 n − 1.
    n

    2. Deduce the integer part of the real number


    1 1 1
    S = 1 + √ + √ + ··· + √ .
    2 3 10000
    Exercise 7 Let x ∈ R and n ∈ N∗ . Prove that

    (a) 0 ≤ E(nx) − nE(x) ≤ n − 1.

    E(nx)
    (b) E( ) = E(x).
    n
    Exercise 8 Prove that each of the following sets is bounded, then give the infimum, the supremum, the
    maximum and the minimum if they exist:
    1 1 1 1
    A1 = { , x ∈ [1, 5]}; A2 = {1 + , n ∈ N∗ }; A3 = { + , n, p ∈ N∗ };
    x n n p
    √ √
    A4 = {xy, s.t. x, y ∈ R∗+ ; x2 + y 2 ≤ 2}; A5 = { x + 1 − x; x ∈ Q+ }.
    Exercise 9 Let A and B two parts of R∗+ . Suppose that A is bounded above, we define
    x
    E = {z = , x ∈ A, y ∈ B}.
    1+y
    1. Justify the fact that Sup A and Inf B exist.
    Sup A
    2. Prove that ∀z ∈ E, z ≤ 1+Inf B .

    SupA
    3. Deduce that Sup E = 1+Inf B .

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