SHREE GURU CAREER INSTITUTE, JALNA

Class:- X – Science Marks:- 40

Date:- 05/05/2024
Test 3 – Life Processes (Full Chapter) Time:- 90 Min
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General Instructions:
1. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
2. Start each section on new page.
3. For each MCO, the correct answer must be written along with its alphabet. eg. (a)./ (b) ..../ (). / (d) .... etc.
4. Evaluation of each MCQ would be done for the first attempt only.
SECTION – A
Q. 1. Select and write the correct answer: ( 1 M Each). 05 M
(1) A student sets up an experiment to study the role of
enzymes in digestion of food.
In which test tube, the digestion of protein will occur?
(a) Test tube A as pepsin will breakdown into simple
molecules.
(b) Test tube B as HCl will breakdown protein into simple
molecules.
(c) Test tubes A as pepsin will breakdown protein into
simple molecules.
(d) Test tube B as HCl will activate pepsin for breakdown of protein into simple molecules.
(2) A plant gets rid of excess water through transpiration. Which is a method used by plants to get rid of solid
waste products?
(a) shortening of stem (b) dropping down of fruits
(c) shedding of yellow leaves (d) expansion of roots into the soil

(3) Which option correctly traces the pathway of blood flow in fish body?
(a) Gill capillaries→ oxygenated blood→heart → body cells→ deoxygenated blood→gills
(b) Gill capillaries→ oxygenated blood→ body cells→ deoxygenated blood→ heart→gills
(c) capillaries→ heart →oxygenated blood→ body cells→ deoxygenated blood→heart→gills
(d) Gill capillaries→ oxygenated blood→heart → body cells→ deoxygenated blood→heart→gills

(4) Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true about respiration?

i. During inhalation, ribs move inward and diaphragm is raised.
ii. In the alveoli, exchange of gases takes place i.e., oxygen from alveolar air diffuses into blood and carbon
dioxide from blood into alveolar air.
iii. Haemoglobin has greater affinity for carbon dioxide than oxygen.
iv. Alveoli increase surface area for exchange of gases.
(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (i) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iv)

(5) Choose the event that does not occur in photosynthesis

(a) Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll (b) Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates
(c) Oxidation of carbon to carbon dioxide (d) Conversion of light energy to chemical energy

Q. 2. Answer the following questions in one line: ( 1 M Each). 02 M

i. What would be the consequences of a deficiency of haemoglobin in our bodies?
ii. What do you mean by emulsification of fats?
Q. 3. Directions (Q.3 to 6) Read the assertion and reason carefully to mark the correct option out of
the options given below: ( 1 M Each). 04 M
(a) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
(d) If the assertion is false but the reason is true.
(e) If both the assertion and reason are false.
1. Assertion: Rings of connective tissue are present in the throat.
Reason: Rings prevent the collapse of the air-passage.
2. Assertion : Molecular movements are needed for life.
Reason : Body structures made up of these molecules need continuous repair and maintenance.
3. Assertion : The Bowman’s capsule and the tubule together make a nephron.
Reason : The function of tubule is to allow the selective reabsorption of substances like glucose, amino
acids, urea, salts and water into the blood capillaries.
4. Assertion : Amphibians can tolerate mixing of oxygenated & deoxygenated blood.
Reason : They have two chambered heart.

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 SECTION – B
Attempt any THREE of the following questions: (2 M Each). 06 M
Q. 4. Draw the pathways showing breakdown of glucose.
Q. 5. (a) Why is it important to prevent oxygenated and deoxygenated blood from mixing in birds and mammals?
(b) Which animals can tolerate some mixing of the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood streams? On what
factor does the body temperature of these animals depend ?
OR
(a) Name the substances other than water that are reabsorbed during urine formation.
(b) What are the two parameters that decide the amount of water that is reabsorbed in the kidney?
Q. 6. Give reasons:
a. “All plants give out oxygen during day and carbon dioxide during night”. Do you agree with this statement ?
b. Leaves of a healthy potted plant were coated with vaseline. Will this plant remain healthy for long.

SECTION – C
Attempt any THREE of the following questions : (3 M Each). 09 M
Q. 7. How do carbohydrates, proteins and fats get digested in human beings?
Q. 8. What are nephrons? Explain the process of urine formation. OR
Draw & describe the structures in plants that help in exchange of gases. Explain their other roles too.
Q. 9. Draw a. steps in nutrition in Amoeba. b. Human excretory system OR
Design an activity to show that CO2 is produced during breathing.
SECTION – D
Attempt any TWO of the following questions : ( 5 M Each). 10 M
Q. 10. Complete the following table:
No. Secretion Secreted by Composition Action
1 Saliva
2 Gastric juice
3 Pancreatic juice
4 Bile
5 Intestinal juice

OR
Draw & describe the working of human heart in detail.
Q. 11. Define photosynthesis. Give 3 main steps in it. Design an activity to show that CO2 is essential for it.
OR
Distinguish between transport in xylem & phloem. How transport of water & food occurs in plants.
SECTION – E
Attempt any ONE of the following questions : ( 4 M Each). 04 M
Q. 12. Respiration is a biochemical process that occurs within the cells of organisms. Like other living organisms, plant also
exchange gases with their environment. However, plants do not possess any transport system for the gases. Different parts
of plants exchange gases independently. The gases move entirely by diffusion. Different parts of the plant respire at
different rates. Energy liberated during oxidative breakdown of respiratory substrate is partly stored in ATP. The rest is
dissipated as heat.
1. Name the two ways in which glucose is oxidized to provide energy in various organisms. 1
2. What advantages over an aquatic organism does a terrestrial organism have with regard to obtaining oxygen
for respiration? 1
3. If a plant is releasing carbon dioxide and taking in oxygen during the day, does it mean that there is no
photosynthesis occurring? Justify your answer. 1
4. Give full form of ATP. 1
Or
Name two structures in plants that help in gaseous exchange.
OR
Q. 13. Harshvardhan collected his saliva and mixed it with liquid A in the test tube. In another test tube he took only liquid A after
about 10 minutes, he added a few drops of iodine solution to the mixture in the first test tube. It did not show any colour
but when he treated the other test tube with iodine, a blue black colour appeared. Now answer the following questions:
a. What is the aim of this activity? 1
b. What is liquid A? 1
c. Why did the first test tube not show any colour change with iodine while the second one did? 1
d. Which enzyme is responsible for such a result? How does it work? 1
Or
e. Why does a piece of bread chewed for a long time tastes sweet? 1

*********ALL THE BEST*********

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 MARKING SCHEME
Test 03 – Life Processes (05/05/24)
SCIENCE (Subject Code–086)
Total
Q.No. Expected Answer/ Value Points Marks
Marks
Section A
Q.1 MCQ
1 D. 1 1
2 C. 1 1
3 B. 1 1
4 D. 1 1
5 C. 1 1
Q.2 Answer in one line.
i) If the haemoglobin is deficient, small amount of oxygen will be delivered in all the parts of the 1 1
body due to which the food items will not be oxidized properly and the energy will not be obtained
in sufficient amount. A condition called anemia.
ii) Emulsification of fats: Bile salts break down large fat globules into smaller globules. 1 1
Q.3 Assertion reasons:
1. D 1 1
2. A 1 1
3. C
4. C
Section B
Q.4 2 2

Q.5 (a) Birds and mammals have high energy needs to maintain their body temperature. The separation 1 2
of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood allows a highly efficient supply of oxygen to maintain
their body temperature.
(b) * Amphibians / reptiles; ½
* Temperature of the environment. ½

OR
Glucose, amino acids, salts (any 2, 1 mark each) and a major amount of water are selectively re- 1
absorbed as the urine flows along the tube.
The amount of water reabsorbed depends on
how much excess water there is in the body (0.5 marks), and ½
on how much of dissolved waste there is to be excreted (0.5marks) ½
Q.6 a. The statement is wrong because plants respire every time and expel out Carbon-di-oxide every 1 2
time but they give out oxygen only in the day time as photosynthesis process can take place only
in the presence of sunlight.
b. Coating Vaseline to the leaves of a healthy plants will clog its stomata pores and stops the
respiration of plants and the plants dies. 1
Section C
Q.7 Carbohydrate Digestion: Digestion of cabohydrates starts with buccal cavity where salivary 1 3
enzymes breaks down the starch into simple sugar molecules. Other sugar molecules are
breakdown to glucose in small intestine.
Protein digestion: Proteins are partially digested by pepsin secreted by gastric glands present in 1
the stomach. Then Pancreatic juice secrets trypsin enzyme in small intestine where complete
digestion of proteins takes place.
Fat Digestion: Fats are digested in small intestine. Bile juice present in the liver emulsifies the fat 1
which breaks fats into small globules. These small fat globules are converted into glycerol and
fatty acids by Lipase enzyme.
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Q.8  Nephrons: 3
 Each kidney has large numbers of filtration units called nephrons packed close together.
 Nephrons are the basic structural & functional unit of kidney. 1
 Nephrons are tubular structures present inside the kidneys.
Main Steps in urine formation: Urine is formed in two main steps:
A. Ultrafiltration of blood
Filtration happens because of very high pressure inside the glomerulus. The blood enters the
glomerulus throgh a branch of Renal artery & it gets filtered at high pressure such that the waste 1
products are filtered out through the thin membrane of capillaries in the glomerulus. The filtered
blood is sent back to the body (by renal vein) & the initial filtrate so formed goes to the
Bowman’s capsule. That is how urine is formed inside the kidneys.
B. Selective reabsorption
Reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, salts and a major amount of water takes place in the
tubular part of the nephron. This increases the concentration of urine. The amount of water re- 1
absorbed depends on how much excess water there is in the body, and on how much of dissolved
waste there is to be excreted.
OR
Role of Stomata in photosynthesis:
 Plant obtains carbon dioxide through tiny pores present on the surface of the leaves.
½
These minute openings are called stomata (Fig.)
 Massive amounts of gaseous exchange takes place in the leaves through these pores for ½
the purpose of photosynthesis.
 Exchange of gases occurs across the surface of stems, roots and leaves as well. ½
 Since large amounts of water can also be lost through these stomata, the plant closes
these pores when it does not need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.
 The opening and closing of the pore is a function of the guard cells. The guard cells ½
swell when water flows into them, causing the stomatal pore to open. Similarly the
pore closes if the guard cells shrink.

Diagram
1

Q.9 a. Steps in nutrition in Amoeba b. Human Excretory system 3

1 ½ for
each
diagram.

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 SECTION D
Q.10 No. Secretion Secreted Composition Action 5
by
1 Saliva Salivary salivary i. Saliva makes the food slippery
glands amylase which makes it easy to swallow the
food. 1
ii. Saliva also contains the enzyme
salivary amylase.
iii. Salivary amylase digests complex
sugar- starch and converts it into
simple sugars (like maltose).
2 Gastric Gastric Gastric juice is i. HCl: The hydrochloric acid creates
juice glands composed of an acidic medium which facilitates
hydrochloric the action of the enzyme pepsin.
acid, a protein
Hydrochloric acid also kills the
digesting
enzyme called germs which may be present in food.
Pepsin & ii. Pepsin: The enzyme pepsin;
mucus. secreted in stomach; does partial
digestion of protein. 1
iii. Mucus: It is secreted by the walls of
the stomach. It saves the inner lining
of stomach from getting damaged
from hydrochloric acid.
3 Pancreatic Pancreas digestive i. Both Bile and pancreatic juice go to
juice enzymes like small intestine. Bile breaks down
Trypsin, fat into smaller particles. This
Chymotrypsin,
process is called emulsification of
pancreatic
amylase, fat. After that, the enzyme lipase 1
pancreatic digests fat into fatty acids and
lipase, etc glycerol.
ii. Trypsin and chymotrypsin are
enzymes which digest protein into
amino acids.
iii. Pancreatic amylase: It digests
complex carbohydrates into
glucose.
4 Bile Liver Bile salts Bile juice is released in small intestine & it
makes the food alkaline coming from
stomach. Bile salts break down large fat 1
globules into smaller globules
(Emulsification of fats) increasing the
efficiency of enzyme action.
5 Intestinal Small Intestinal The enzymes present in it finally convert
juice intestine enzymes the proteins to amino acids, complex 1
carbohydrates into glucose and fats into
fatty acids and glycerol.

OR
Pumping action of human heart
1. The carbon dioxide-rich blood (Deoxygenated blood) has to reach the lungs for the carbon
dioxide to be removed, and the oxygenated blood from the lungs has to be brought back to ½
the heart. This oxygen-rich blood is then pumped to the rest of the body.
2. This process occurs in four chambers as follows:
(A) Left atrium:
 Left atrium receives oxygenated blood coming from lungs via Pulmonary veins.
5
 The left atrium relaxes when it is collecting this blood. Left atrium contracts to pump ½
the blood into left ventricle (which relaxes while collecting this blood).
(B) Left ventricle:
 Left ventricle contracts & pumps the oxygenated blood into aorta which supplies it to
the body.

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  A valve (called bicuspid valve/left atrioventricular valve) is present between left atrium
& left ventricle.
 This valve prevents the backflow of blood when the atrium or ventricle contracts.
(C) Right atrium:
 Deoxygenated blood (from all parts of body) is collected by veins of body & it is ½
released into right atrium by two vena cava from upper & lower body.
 The right atrium relaxes while receiving the deoxygenated blood from vena cava.
 Right atrium contracts & blood enters right ventricle which dilates while receiving it.
(D) Right ventricle:
 Right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary arteries which carry it to the
lungs for oxygenation.
 A valve (called tricuspid valve/right atrioventricular valve) is present between right atrium ½
& right ventricle. This valve prevents the backflow of blood when the atrium or ventricle
contracts.
 Since ventricles have to pump blood into various organs, they have thicker muscular
walls than the atria.

Diagram
2

Schematic sectional view of the human heart

Q.11 Photosynthesis: It is the process by which autotrophs take in substances from the outside and ½ 3
convert them into stored forms of energy. This material is taken in the form of carbon dioxide
and water which is converted into carbohydrates in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.
Reaction/Equation for photosynthesis:

Main steps/events occur during photosynthesis are –

i. Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll.
ii. Conversion of light energy to chemical energy and splitting of water molecules into ½
hydrogen and oxygen.
iii. Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates. ½

Activity: To demonstrate that Carbon dioxide is essential for photosynthesis. ½

Aim: To demonstrate that sunlight is essential for photosynthesis.
Apparatus and materials required:
Total
Potted plants, Potassium hydroxide, glass
3
plates, bell jars, pen/ marker, paper, beaker,
alcohol, spirit lamp, iodine solution.
Procedure:
1. Take two healthy potted plants ½
which are nearly the same size.
2. Keep them in a dark room for three
½ for
days.
diagram
3. Now place each plant on separate glass plates. Place a watch-glass containing potassium
hydroxide by the side of one of the plants. The potassium hydroxide is used to absorb 1 for
carbon dioxide. procedure
in short
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 4.Cover both plants with separate bell-jars as shown in Fig.
5.Use Vaseline to seal the bottom of the jars to the glass plates so that the set-up is air-
tight.
6. Keep the plants in sunlight for about two hours.
7. Pluck a leaf from each plant and check for the presence of starch as in the above activity.
Observation:
The leaf of plant (b) without potassium hydroxide turns blue-black, while the leaf of ½
plant (a) with potassium hydroxide remains pale coloured or colourless.
Conclusion:
This experiment demonstrates that the leaf of plant (b) has synthesised starch by ½
photosynthesis. Leaf of plant (a) has not synthesised starch as it does not contain carbon
dioxide which is essential for photosynthesis. CO2 is absorbed by potassium hydroxide.
So, photosynthesis did not occur in plant (a). (No
Precautions: need to
1. Before starting the experiment, the leaf must be destarched. 2. Boiling the leaf in alcohol write)
should be done in the water bath.
OR
No. Points Xylem transport Phloem transport
i. Materials Mainly Water & soluble products of photosynthesis (sugars),
amino acids and other substances. 2 marks
transported minerals.
ii. Movement/ From roots to upper From leaves to the storage organs of roots,
transport parts of plant. fruits and seeds and to growing organs.
iii. Direction Only in upward both in upward and downward directions
direction (Bidirectional)
(Unidirectional)
iv. Components Tracheid & vessels Sieve tubes & their adjacent companion cells
v. Mechanism Simple physical ATP is used to actively move sucrose from
involved forces & transpiration areas of high osmotic pressure (leaves) to the
pull helps in areas of low osmotic pressure (roots).
absorption & upward
movement of water.

Transport of water and minerals:

The components of xylem tissue (tracheids and vessels) of roots, stems, and leaves are
interconnected to form a continuous system of water-conducting channels that reaches all parts of 1½
the plant. Transpiration creates a suction pressure, as a result of which water is forced into the mark
xylem cells of the roots. Then there is a steady movement of water from the root xylem to all the
plant parts through the interconnected water-conducting channels.

Transport of food:
Phloem transports food materials from the leaves to different parts of the plant body.
The transportation of food in phloem is achieved by utilizing energy from ATP. As a result of this,
the osmotic pressure in the tissue increases causing water to move into it. This pressure moves the 1½
material in the phloem to the tissues which have less pressure. This is helpful in moving materials mark
according to the needs of the plant. For example, the food material, such as sucrose, is transported
into the phloem tissue using ATP energy.
SECTION E
Q.12 1. Aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration 1
2. Breathing & respiration in aquatic and terrestrial animals:
 Since the amount of dissolved oxygen is fairly low compared to the amount of
oxygen in the air, the rate of breathing in aquatic organisms is much faster than that
seen in terrestrial organisms. Fishes take in water through their mouths and force it
1
past the gills where the dissolved oxygen is taken up by blood.
 Terrestrial organisms use the oxygen in the atmosphere for respiration. This oxygen
is absorbed by different organs in different animals like lungs.

3. No, non green parts take up oxygen during day for respiration. They do not perform 1
photosynthesis. Green parts can still do photosynthesis.

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 4. ATP = Adenosine Triphosphate 1
OR
Stomata and intercellular spaces 1

Q.13 a. To show the action of salivary amylase on starch. 1 4

b. Liquid A is starch. 1

c. The first test tube did not show any colour change with iodine because starch was not present 1
anymore in it. It was already digested by salivary amylase present in saliva. The colour of liquid in
the second one changed to blue black as the starch was still unchanged due to absence of the
enzyme.

d. Salivary amylase enzyme is responsible for such a result. 1

Or
e. A piece of bread chewed for a long time tastes sweet because the starch is broken down by 1
salivary amylase to maltose sugar.

Designed By:
Lakhan Bhurewal Sir
NET, SET in Botany
Jalna – 431 203 (MH)
Contact no. 7972473539

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