Biology Subjective Practice Sheet-10

(12th CBSE Class)
05-04-2024
BIOLOGY SUBJECTIVE PRACTICE SHEET-10
BIOTECHNOLOGY : PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES
1. How is the action of exonuclease different from that of endonuclease? (C.B.S.E. 2010)
2. What is the host called that produces a foreign gene product? What is this product called? (C.B.S.E. 2010)
3. How can bacterial DNA be released from the bacterial cell for biotechnology experiments?
4. Mention the uses of cloning vector in biotechnology. (C.B.S.E. 2011)
5. Biotechnologists refer to Agrobacterium tumefaciens as a natural genetic engineer of plants. Give reason to
support the statement. (C.B.S.E. 2011)
6. Why is it essential to have ‘selectable marker’ in a cloning vector? (C.B.S.E. 2011)
7. Do eukaryotic cells have restriction endonuclease? Justify your answer. (C.B.S.E. 2007)
8. What are cDNA libraries? How are they made? (C.B.S.E. 2007)
9. How and why is the bacterium Thermusaquaticus employed in recombinant DNA technology. Explain.
10. (a) What are “ molecular scisors”? Give one example.
(b) Explain their role in recombinant DNA technology. (C.B.S.E.2008)
11. Why is Agrobacterium tumefaciens a good cloning vector? Explain. (C.B.S.E. 2008)
12. DNA being hydrophilic cannot pass through the cell membrane of a host cell. Explain how do recombinant
DNA get introduced into host cell to transform the latter. (C.B.S.E. 2008)
13. Explain the contribution of Thermusaquaticus in the amplification of a gene of interest. (C.B.S.E. 2009)
14. What are recombinant proteins? How do bioreactors help in their production? (C.B.S.E. 2009)
15. How is DNA isolated in purified form from a bacterial cell? (C.B.S.E. 2009)
16. Name and explain the techniques used in separation and isolation of DNA fragments to be used in
recombinant DNA technology. (C.B.S.E. 2009)
17. Name the source of Taq polymerase. Explain the advantage of its use in biotechnology. (C.B.S.E. 2009)
18. Name the source organism from which T1 plasmid is isolated. Explain the use of this plasmid in
biotechnology. (C.B.S.E. 2009)
19. What is EcoRI? What does ‘R’ represent in this? (C.B.S.E. 2009)
20. EcoRI is used to cut a segment of foreign DNA and that of a vector DNA to form a recombinant DNA. Show
with the help of schematic diagrams.
(i) The set of palindromic nucleotide sequence of base pairs the EcoRI will recognize in both the DNA segments.
Mark the site at which EcoRI will act and cut both the segments.
(ii) Sticky end formed on both the segments where the two DNA and foreign DNA join later to form a
recombinant DNA. (C.B.S.E. 2010)
21. A recombinant DNA is formed when sticky ends of vector DNA and foreign DNA Join. Explain how the
sticky ends are formed and get jointed. (C.B.S.E. 2010)
22. (i) Mention the number of primers required in each cycle of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Write the role
of primers and DNA polymerase in PCR.
(ii) Give the characteristic feature and source of DNA polymerase used in PCR. (C.B.S.E. 2010)
23. Explain the action of restriction endonuclease EcoRI (C.B.S.E. 2010)
24. How are the DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis visualized and separated for use in constructing
recombinant DNA? (C.B.S.E. 2010)
25. Explain the process by which a bacterial cell can be made ‘Competent’ in recombinant DNA technology.
26. Why is ‘Origin of replication’ (Ori) required to facilitate cloning into a vector? (C.B.S.E. 2010)
1
27. List the key tools used in recombinant DNA technology. (C.B.S.E. 2011)
28. Explain the role of T1 plasmids in biotechnology. (C.B.S.E. 2011)
29. Explain the work carried out by Cohen and Boyer that contributed immensely in biotechnology.
30. State the role of DNA ligase in biotechnology. (C.B.S.E. 2012)
31. (a) A recombinant vector with a gene of interest inserted within the gene of a galactosidase enzyme is
introduced into a bacterium. Explain the method that would help in selection of recombinant colonies from non-
recombinant ones.
(b) Why is this method of selection referred to as “ insertional inactivation” (C.B.S.E. 2012)
32. Name the source organism that possesses,Taq polymerase. What is so special about the function of this
enzyme? (C.B.S.E. 2012)
33. How can the following be made possible for biotechnology experiments?
(a) Isolation of DNA from bacterial cell.
(b) Reintroduction of recombinant DNA into a bacterial cell. (C.B.S.E. 2012)
34. How is amplification of agene sample of interest carried out using polymerase chain reaction.
35. Explain with the help of a suitable example the naming of a restriction endonuclease. (C.B.S.E. 2014)
36. State how has Agrobacterium tumifaciens been made a useful cloning vector to transfer DNA to plant cells.
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTION:

37. (a) Mention the role of vector s in recombinant DNA technology. Give any two examples.
(b) With the help of diagrammatic representation only, show the steps of recombinant DNA technology.
38. (a) Why are engineered vectors preferred by biotechnologists for transferring the desired genes into another
organism?
(b) Explain how do “ori” selectable markers” and” cloning sites” facilitate cloning into a vector? (C.B.S.E. 2009)
39. What is bioreactor? Draw a labeled diagram of asparged stirred bioreactor. Explain its functioning.
40. (i) Describe the characteristics a cloning vector must possess.
(ii) Why DNA cannot passs through cell membrane? Explain. How is a bacterial cell made competent to take up
recombinant DNA from the medium. (C.B.S.E. 2011)
41. If a desired gene is identified in an organism for some experiments, explain the process of the following:
(i) Cutting the desired gene at specific location.
(ii) Synthesis of multiple copies of this desired gene.
42. (a) With the help of diagrams show the different steps in the formation of recombinant DNA by action of
restriction endonuclease enzyme EcoRI.
(b) Name the technique that is used for separating the fragments of DNA cut by restriction endonuclease.
43. How are 'sticky ends' formed on a DNA strand? Why are they so called? 2014
44. Write the role of Ori and 'restriction' site in a cloning vector pBR322. 2014
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(12th CBSE Class)

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTION:

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