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    UNIT 2 Earth and Earth System

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    Sophia

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    UNIT 2 Earth and Earth System

    Uploaded by

    Sophia
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    UNIT-2-Earth-and-Earth-System

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    7 views5 pages

    UNIT 2 Earth and Earth System

    Uploaded by

    Sophia

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    UNIT 2: EARTH AND EARTH SYSTEM

    Introduction:

    - Earth is the third planet from the sun in the solar system. It is called the blue planet or blue
    marble.
    - It is the densest and largest of all the inner planets. Its shape is oblate spheroid.
    - Earth is widest at the equator. Its circumference is 40.075 km. because of its diameter it creates
    a phenomenon called as the equatorial bulge.
    - It has one natural satellite called the moon.
    - Earth is the only planet that has liquid water on its surface.

    Lesson 1 – The Spheres of Earth

    Learning Targets:

    • Identify and describe the spheres of Earth; and


    • Explain the importance of each sphere.

    - Magnetosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere are the parts of the sphere where
    life exist which we call the biosphere.
    • Magnetospehere
    ➢ Doughnut-shaped magnetic region of trapped ions that surrounds the earth.
    ➢ It is the packet of space surrounding the earth.
    ➢ It is formed by the interaction of the solar wind with earth’s magnetic field.
    ➢ The magnetic field protects the planet from harmful solar radiation.
    ➢ It also protects the atmosphere.
    • Atmosphere
    ➢ A blanket of gases that envelopes the earth.
    ➢ It is a layered structure.
    ➢ From outerspace, you will find exosphere, followed by thermosphere,
    mesosphere, stratosphere, and the layer nearest the ground, the troposphere.
    • Hydrosphere
    ➢ Layer of the earth that is composed of all the water.
    ➢ Water circulates the earth as vapor.
    ➢ It helps regulate earth’s temperature and climate. It also protects the planet
    from falling heavenly bodies such as comets.
    • Lithosphere
    ➢ Earth’ solid shell. Consists of crust and upper portion of mantle. It extends from
    earth’s surface about 100km downward.

    ➢ It is consisting of rocks and minerals.


    ➢ Silicates are the most abundant elements in the lithosphere.
    ➢ Quartz is the most common silicate and the most common type of rock in the
    lithosphere.

    Lesson 2 – The Habitable Earth

    Learning Target:

    • Identify the characteristics of Earth that are necessary to support life.

    Reasons why Earth is the only planet that can support life:

    1. Earth has the right distance from the sun.


    2. The magnetosphere creates a magnetic field around Earth.
    3. Water and Rock Cycle are processes that shape Earth and support life on it.

    Five factors to consider in order to know if a planet is habitable or not:

    1. Temperature 4. Energy
    2. Water 5. Nutrients
    3. Atmosphere

    Lesson 3 – Earth as a System

    Learning Targets:

    • Identify the four subsystems of the Earth; and


    • Explain how matter and energy flow within the subsystems.

    - Cryosphere is the frozen water part of Earth system. Comes from the Greek word “krios” which
    means cold.
    - The largest part of the cryosphere includes continental ice sheets, ice caps, glaciers, and areas of
    snow and permafrost. Some part of the cryosphere is found in water including the frozen part of
    the oceans, rivers, and lakes found in the polar regions.
    - All spheres are interconnected and overlap.

    Why is Earth classified as a system?

    - Earth system is a complex interaction between its subsystems.


    - In a system, there is a source of energy. That source of energy is the Sun.
    - System is a collection of interacting objects.
    - Open system and Closed system are the 2 classification of a system.
    - Closed system allows energy but not mass to pass across its boundary. An example is the Earth
    system.
    - Open system allows both energy and mass to pass across the system boundary. An example is
    the ocean.

    - All the factors that make Earth work – Earth’s systems – are constantly changing.
    - When changes occur in one of Earth’s system, all the other systems react.

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