DHANALAKSHMI SRINIVASAN

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

MAMALLAPURAM, CHENNAI

DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING

COURSE FILE

COURSE CODE : C303

SUBJECT CODE : AE8503 (Regulation 2017)

SUBJECT NAME : AERODYNAMICS – II

YEAR / SEMESTER : III / V

 QUESTION BANK
Subject Code & Name : AE8503 – Aerodyanmics II

Year / Sem :III / VI

S.No Question BT Level

1 What is isentropic and isothermal compressibility Understanding
2 Define characteristic Mach number and what is the maximum value of Remembering
it
3 Distinguish between thermally perfect gas and calorically perfect gas? Remembering
4 Why is a convergent divergent nozzle required to expand a flow from Remembering
stagnationcondition to supersonic velocity
5 Explain the phenomenon of choking in a nozzle Remembering
6 Define nozzle efficiency in terms of enthalpies? Remembering

7 Write the one-dimensional energy equation for an adiabatic Remembering

compressible steadyflow
8 Write down the Bernoulli’s equation for compressible flow Remembering
9 Write the Area Mach number relation? Remembering
10 Derive the relation �0 = [1 + (�−1)] �2 Understanding
Part B
11 Derive an expression which relates Area-Velocity-Mach number. And Apply
discuss the important information behind the relationship
12 Starting from energy equation for adiabatic flow derive a relation Apply
between flow Mach number and characteristic Mach number
13 Describe the performance of nozzles under various back pressures Understanding
14 Air flows isentropically through a convergent Divergent nozzle nozzle Apply
of inlet area 12 cm2 at a rate of 0.7kg/s. The conditions at inlet and exit
of the nozzle are 8 kg/m3 and 400 K and 4 kg/m3 and 300 K
respectively. Find the cross sectional area,pressure and Mach number
at the exit
15 Air is expanded through a convergent Divergent nozzle from a large Apply
reservoir in which the pressure and temperature are 600 kPa and 40° C,
respectively. The design back pressure is 100 kPa. Find

the ratio of the nozzle exit area to the nozzle throat area,
(i) the discharge velocity from the nozzle under design
(ii) considerations
(iii) At what back pressure will there be a normal shock at the exit
plane of the
 nozzle

16 Air flows through a nozzle which has inlet area of 10 cm2. If the air Apply
has a velocity of 80 m/s, a temperature of 28°C and a pressure of 700
kPa at the inlet section and a pressure of 250 kPa at the exit, find the
mass flow rate through the nozzle and assuming one dimensional
isentropic flow the velocity at the exit section of the nozzle
17 Consider adiabatic air flow through a duct. At a certain section of the Apply
duct, the flow area is 0.2 m2, the pressure is 80 kPa, the temperature is
5°C and the velocity is 200m/s, if at this section the duct area is
changing at a rate of 0.3 m2/m. find dp/dx, dV/dx and dρ/dx.Assuming
incompressible floe and taking compressibility into account.
18 What is mean by De-Laval nozzle? Derive the relation between Area Apply
and Mach number
19 A De Laval Nozzle has to be designed for an exit Mach number of 1.5 Apply
with exit diameter of 200mm. Find the ratio of throat area to exit area
necessary. The reservoir conditions are given as P0 = 1 atm; T0 =
200C. Find also the maximum mass flow rate through the nozzle. What
will be the exit pressure and temperature
20 Air flows through a duct. The pressure and temperature at station 1 are Apply
P1 = 0.7 atm and T1 = 300C, respectively. At a second station, the
pressure is 0.5 atm. Calculate the temperature and density at the second
station. Assume the flow to be isentropic
Unit II
1 Explain why shocks cannot occur in subsonic flows Remembering
2 Explain zone of action and zone of silence for a body moving at a Remembering
speed of sound?
3 What is the need for a correction to the Pitot static tube readings in Understanding
supersonic flowand write Rayleigh supersonic Pitot formula?
4 How is flow over a cone different from flow over a wedge? Remembering
5 Give the oblique shock relation in terms of flow angle and wave angle Understanding
6 What is shock polar? Draw the shock polar for different Mach Remembering
numbers?
7 Define pressure turning angle and Hodograph Plane? Remembering
8 Define the strength of a shock wave? Explain the shocks of vanishing Remembering
strength?
Part B
9 Derive Rankine-Hugonoit equation pressure density relationship for the Understanding
shock wave and explain its significance
10 Derive Prandtl relation for normal shock and explain its significance Understanding
11 A shock wave across which the pressure ratio is 1.25 moving into still Apply
air at a pressure of 100 kPa and a temperature of 15°C. Find the
velocity, pressure, temperature of the air behind the shock wave
12 Air flow at Mach 4 and pressure of 105 N/m2 is turned abruptly by a Apply
wall into the flow with a turning angle of 20°C as shown in the figure.
If the shock is reflected by another wall determine the flow properties
M and p downstream of the reflected shock.
13 A supersonic flow is expanded through a second convex turn of angle Apply
10° as shown in the figure. Determine the downstream Mach number,
pressure, temperature and the angle of second fan

14 Derive θ-β-M relationship for oblique shock and define the strong and Understanding
weak solutions
15 A uniform supersonic air stream with upstream Mach number of 3, Apply
static pressure and static temperature of 1 atm and 300 K respectively
encounters a compression corner which deflects the stream by an angle
of 15°, calculate downstream static pressure and temperature, total
pressure and temperature and Mach number
16 Consider the intersection of two shocks of opposite families as Apply
sketched in the figure for M1 = 3, P1 = 1 atm, θ2 = 20° and θ3 = 15°.
Calculate the Mach number and pressure in region 4 and 4’. And also
find the flow direction behind the refracted shocks

17 A normal shock moves in a constant area tube as shown in figure. In Apply

region 1, V1 = 100 m/s, T1 = 300C and P1 = 0.7 atm. Shock speed CS
with respect to a fixed coordinate system is 600 m/s. Find fluid
properties in region 2
18 A shock wave across which the pressure ratio is 1.52 moving into still Apply
air at a pressure of 150 kPa and a temperature of 25°C. Find the
velocity, pressure, temperature of the air behind the shock wave
Unit 3
1 With a neat sketch, illustrate Prandtl Meyer expansion round a convex Understanding
corner
2 Define Mach Reflection and regular reflection? Remembering
3 Can we use the method of characteristics to determine the contour of a Remembering
 supersonic nozzle? How
4 Differentiate like reflection and unlike reflection Remembering
5 Define characteristic lines and limiting characteristics Remembering
6 What are right running and left running waves in supersonic flow? Remembering
7 Show the heating and cooling processes in a Fanno curve for subsonic Remembering
and supersonicflow
8 Find out the length of the pipe for fanno flow, if the Mach number Understanding
changes from 2.8at the entry to 1.0 at the exit. Take the friction factor
for the pipe surface to be 0.0025?
9 Bring out two important differences between Rayleigh Flow and Fanno Remembering
Flow?
10 Distinguish between mach lines and compression waves? Remembering
Part B
11 Air at Mach 2 passes over two compression corners of angles 7° and θ Apply
as shown in the figure. Determine the value of θ up to which the
second shock will remain attached

12 For the double wedge shown in the figure, calculate the flow Mach Apply
numbers at 2, 2’, 3,3’ and 4 using shock expansion theory

13 Consider an infinity thin flat plate at 5° angle of attack in a Mach 2.6 Apply
freestream. Calculate the lift and drag coefficients using shock
expansion theory
14 For the flow over half – diamond wedge shown in the figure, find the Apply
inclinations of shock and expansion wave and the pressure distribution

15 Explain the design procedure of Convergent – Divergent nozzle using Understanding

the Method of Characteristics
16 Derive and explain Prandtl-Meyer function of the expansion wave Understanding
17 Air flows through a constant area duct whose walls are kept at a low Apply
temperature. The air enters the pipe at a Mach number of 0.52, a
pressure of 200 kPa, and a temperature of 350°C. The rate of heat
transfer from the air to the walls of pipe is estimated to be 400kJ/kg of
 air. Find the Mach number, temperature and pressure at the exit
pipe.Assume that the flow is steady, that the effects of wall friction are
negligible and that the air behaves as a perfect gas
18 Air flows of a pipe with diameter 0.3m at a rate of 1000m3 per minute Apply
at a pressure and temperature of 150 kPa and 293 K respectively. If the
pipe is 50m long, find the exit Mach number, pressure and temperature
at the inlet. Assuming f = 0.005
19 Write short notes on Understanding

Supersonic flow over a wedge

(i)
Weak Oblique shocks
(ii)
Supersonic Compression
(iii)
Supersonic Expansion by
(iv)
Turning

20 Consider an infinity thin flat plate at 7° angle of attack in a Mach 2.8 Apply
freestream. Calculate the lift and drag coefficients using shock
expansion theory
Unit-4 Part A
1 What do you mean by affine transformation Remembering
2 Sketch the different types of supersonic profiles Remembering
3 What are the assumptions of small perturbation potential theory? Remembering
4 Give the compressibility correction given by Karman-Tsien and Remembering
Laitone?Karman-Tsien compressibility correction
5 What are subsonic and supersonic leading edges? Explain with Remembering
sketches
6 State Prandtl-Glauert rule Remembering
7 Define critical Mach number of an airfoil? What are the types of Understanding
critical Machnumber
8 Explain the phenomena of lift divergence and drag divergence Remembering
9 Why is there a sudden drag rise in transonic flow Understanding
10 Explain the “coke bottle fuselage design” given by whitcomb? Remembering
Part B
11 Based on small perturbation theory, derive the general linearized Understanding
velocity potential equation for compressible flows
12 Derive and describe Prandtl-Glauret affine transformation for subsonic Understanding
flow over airfoils and highlight its significance
13 Derive an expression for velocity potential equation and state the Understanding
assumptions made
14 Derive expression for linearized pressure coefficient equation Understanding
15 Derive an expression for CL and CD of a symmetrical diamond profile Understanding
in supersonic flow at small angle of attack
16 A thin wing can be modelled as a 1m wide flat plate set an angle of 3° Apply
to the upstream flow, if this wing is placed in a flow with a Mach
number of 3 and static pressure of 50 kPa, find using linearized theory
the pressure on the upper and lower surface of the airfoil and lift and
drag per meter span
17 A 2D wing profile shown in the figure, is place in a stream of Mach Apply
number 2.5at an incidence of 2°. Using linearized theory, calculate CL
and CD

18 Using linearized theory, calculate the lift and drag coefficients for a flat Apply
plate at a 7° angle of attack in a Mach 2.5 flow
19 A thin wing can be modelled as a 1m wide flat plate set an angle of 5° Apply
to the upstream flow, if this wing is placed in a flow with a Mach
number of 2.5 and static pressure of 75 kPa, find using linearized
theory the pressure on the upper and lower surface of the airfoil and lift
and drag per meter span
Unit 5 Part A
1 Why is a converging diverging passage required to go from subsonic to Remembering
supersonicflow
2 Define characteristic Mach number and what is the maximum value of Remembering
it?
3 Define hodograph and pressure turning angle Remembering
4 Define shock polar? Sketch the shape of shock polar for �1∗ = 2.45 Understanding
5 What is meant by mach reflection Remembering
6 What is meant by expansion hodograph Remembering
7 An unsymmetrical diamond airfoil at zero angle of attack is kept in Understanding
supersonic flow.Sketch the wave pattern and the streamlines
8 By linearised theory, what are the expressions for the lift and drag Remembering
coefficients for asymmetric bi convex profile?
9 What is the effect of sweep back on compressibility Remembering
10 Why is that airfoil designed for a high critical mach number must have Remembering
a thin profile
Part B
11 What is mean by transonic area rule? With neat sketch, explain in Understanding
detail on transonic area rule
12 What is mean by swept back wing? With neat sketches explain in detail Understanding
about characteristics, advantages disadvantages of the effect of sweep
back wing at supersonic and subsonic speeds
13 With neat sketches explain in detail about upper and lower Critical Understanding
Mach
number
14 Explain in detail about the effect of thickness, camber and aspect ratio Understanding
on
characteristics on wings
15 Explain in detail about drag divergence Mach numbers Understanding
16 With neat sketches, explain in detail about the shock induced Understanding
separation
17 Explain in detail about the reflection and interaction of the shock Understanding
waves