USER MANUAL

HIGH VOLTAGE INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS

UG

CONTENTS
PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS
INTRODUCTION
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
INSTALLATION
INSPECTION AND MONITORING
QUICK TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
ANNEX I
ANNEX II
ANNEX III
 User Manual

PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS

OBSERVATIONS/
Keep the instruction manual in a safe and accessible place ARTECHE is not liable for accidents due to causes unrelated to
to ensure that any operation or maintenance task can be our guidelines.
performed quickly and easily when necessary. In the event of equipment malfunction or any other type of
For safety reasons, only qualified staff can use this equipment. problem, communicate it immediately to the corresponding
Read the instruction manual and other documentation before ARTECHE department, providing the following information:
the equipment’s installation, commissioning and maintenance. › Evaluation of contents and the product’s nameplate (name,
Become familiar with all equipment information and safety serial number, type and date of manufacture).
precautions before using the equipment and during its › Description of the problem (as detailed as possible, including
operation. the situation immediately before and after the problem
Always use the equipment within the guidelines indicated in occurred) and supporting photos or videos.
the instruction manual and in other relevant documents.
In order to prevent malfunctions, carry out proper controls and If you have any questions, please contact www.arteche.com
maintenance. › Europe, Africa & Middle East:
Do not use or handle the equipment in a manner contrary to customersupport@arteche.com
what is expressly stated in this manual, do not modify the › Asia (except Middle East) and Oceania:
equipment with parts from other manufacturers. This behavior apac.customersupport@arteche.com
can lead to damage to the equipment and/or personal injury. › North America, Central America and the Caribbean:
nam.customersupport@arteche.com
› South America:
latam.customersupport@arteche.com

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS/
For safety reasons, only qualified personnel can carry out Depending on the situation, mishandling can have serious
maintenance and commissioning or operation. repercussions, even when “Caution” is indicated in this
Read the instruction manual and other documents before using instruction manual. Strictly observe all security measures.
the equipment. Become acquainted with every aspect of the These safety precautions are the manufacturer’s suggestions to
equipment and its safety precautions before use. ensure the safety of the equipment.
Do not use, handle or modify the equipment in a way that is not Users are requested to establish security measures so as to
expressly stated in these operating instructions and do not use maintain safety and the equipment operating in accordance
or modify the equipment with parts from other manufacturers. with various standards and requirements.
The safety precautions used in this manual are indicated by the ARTECHE will not be liable for accidents caused by not carrying
following message: out the safety measures.

Indicates that improper use or

DANGER/ handling may result in physical
CAUTION damage to the equipment,
serious injury or even death

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS/
Disposal considerations:
This product contains fluorinated gases covered by the
Kyoto protocol, with a global warming potential of 23500 Disposal or recycling will be done according to the applicable
GWP. Take the necessary measures to prevent accidental legislation. Garbage can be incinerated at the appropriate
spillage of SF6 into the atmosphere. plants, in compliance with local regulations.
The metals are recyclable (copper, steel, aluminum, etc.).
SF6 must be recovered with appropriate methods so as to
prevent its release into the atmosphere.

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User Manual

INTRODUCTION

FOREWORD/
This manual describes the construction, installation, commissioning and monitoring for safe use of a high-voltage instrument
transformer insulated by SF6 for Auxiliary Services.

SCOPE OF APPLICATION/
The manual applies to the following transformers:
› Gas Insulated Voltage Transformers, UG Series, Models UG-72..550.

DESIGN/
Gas insulated voltage transformers are manufactured with a At the base of the transformer is the densimeter with temperature
magnetic core inside a metal tank with its primary and secondary compensation, the densimeter indicates the internal pressure
windings around it. These windings consist of heat-resistant independently of the temperature, and it is equipped with
electrical wires covered with synthetic resin and a plastic layer two alarm contacts to warn of pressure losses, which can be
with high dielectric strength and an excellent thermal and connected to the control equipment for remote monitoring. In
mechanical performance. The SF6 and this plastic layer form the case of an operational pressure drop, the transformer can still
electrical insulation. withstand the nominal voltage with the internal atmospheric
The transformer is protected against accidental overpressure pressure of the gas.
by a pressure relief device (rupture disk) located at the top The secondary terminals of the windings are located in the
of the transformer. Safety is increased by the use of synthetic secondary terminal box at the base of the transformer, which
insulators. also holds the alarm terminals of the densimeter.

1
2
6

10

9 8

11

› UG

1. Primary terminal 5. Low voltage electrode

9. Core
2. Pressure relief device 6. Lifting eye bolts
10. Secondary Terminal Box
3. High voltage electrode 7. Primary winding
11. Gas filling valve (DN-20)
4. Insulator 8. Secondary windings

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 User Manual

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

TRANSPORT/

INJURIES from falls and tipping

DANGER › Do not place the equipment upside down or on its side
› Do not transport the equipment in conditions other than those mentioned

ARTECHE’s packaging guarantees a correct transport to › Load and unload the transformer slowly and avoid sudden
destination. movements.
These transformers can be transported both horizontally and › It must be secured to the truck to avoid movement.
vertically. For transport, the transformer should be properly › Keep truck acceleration under 5G, and the speed under:
attached to the packaging so as to avoid movement.
• Unpaved road ___________ Max. 30 km/hour
• Secondary roads ___________ Max. 60 km/hour
• Highway (motorway) ___________ Max. 90 km/hour

RECEIPT/

INJURIES AND/OR FIRE

DANGER
› Do not use damaged equipment

After receipt, check the packages for signs of shock, tampering, Attach photos of the damaged transformers to the report.
etc. Any anomaly must be indicated on the transport › Possible damage to the packaging: Dents on the outside, open
company’s receipt sheet and communicated to ARTECHE or packaging, etc.
the equipment supplier.
› Possible damage to equipment: Broken or defective insulator,
Once the transformer has been unpacked, check that none of dented metal parts, damaged secondary terminal box, etc.
the screws holding the insulator have become loose during
transport. If they have, tighten them according to the torque The packed units can be moved by forklift or with slings or
indicated in Annex II. If any other type of anomaly appears, chains. Follow the safety markings on the packaging
inform ARTECHE or the supplier of the equipment.

STORAGE/
The storage area must maintain the necessary cleanliness and this end, for a of limited period of time. We recommend not
safety conditions so as to avoid damage to the transformer. keeping them in this position for more than 6 months if stored
Follow the safety markings on the packaging at all times. outdoors, or 12 months if sheltered from bad weather. In any
case, they should be placed on firm, horizontal ground.
› Storage in vertical position: The transformers can be stored in
an upright position after unpacking and must always be firmly The final holder will be responsible for delivering the used
anchored to the ground without any time restriction. packaging or its waste for environmental management according
to the legislation in force in their country.
› Storage in horizontal position: The transformers can be stored
upright in their original packaging, which was designed to

HANDLING/

INJURIES from falls and tipping

› Do not place the equipment upside down or on its side
› Handle the transformer according to the instructions in this manual
DANGER
› Never manipulate the transformer with internal pressure
› The slings used must be in good condition and suitable for handling the equipment
according to its weight, which is indicated on the nameplate

Under no circumstances should a transformer be manipulated by pulling on the primary terminals

This may cause damage to the equipment and void its warranty

Unpacking: Remove the top and sides of the box, if any, to allow When the device is in a vertical position, movements can be
free handling of the unit. made:
Annex I, contains the figures mentioned below. › If the tank is not equipped with lifting eyes, as shown in Fig. 3.
If the transformer is in a horizontal position, to place it in a vertical › If the tank is equipped with lifting eyes, as shown in Fig. 4.
position, proceed as indicated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. During the lifting Once the equipment has been placed in an upright position, a
process, the slings must always be kept in an upright position. visual inspection is suggested so as to detect possible damage.
Precautions will be taken throughout the process to avoid
damaging the sheds of the synthetic insulator.

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User Manual

INSTALLATION

INJURY AND/OR FIRE

› Do not install the equipment without following our specifications
DANGER › Use the transformers under proper service conditions and according to specifications
› Do not loosen any screws or fastening nuts, it can cause gas leaks. The pressure drop of SF6 gas
can cause dielectric breakdown

ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE
› Do not wire or connect when the equipment is energized
› The ground terminal of the apparatus must be solidly earthed by means of a connection capable
CAUTION
of withstanding and conducting the line’s fault current to earth.
› Do not short-circuit the secondary circuit of the transformer
› Before energizing the equipment, check that the SF6 has been filled to the nominal pressure

PLACEMENT OF THE EQUIPOTENTIAL RING/

If the transformer requires an equipotential ring in order to be The equipotential ring is screwed to the upper cover of the
mounted, it will be delivered disassembled. device as shown in the Fig. 5 or Fig. 6. It is important to touch the
The placement of the equipotential ring should be done with the indicated screws only, otherwise the tightness of the equipment
equipment in a vertical position and, if possible, already mounted could be lost.
on the structure (without connections), to avoid damage during Tightening must be carried out using a torque wrench, following
handling. the indications in Annex II.

MOUNTING ON THE STRUCTURE OR PLATFORM/

Check the information on the nameplate to verify that the If this is not the case, correct the defect, by wedging metal
electrical characteristics match those of the system. plates or similar. Failure to do so may result in insulator breakage
Carefully check to make sure that all four legs of the device sit or gas leakage.
perfectly on the platform, before tightening the anchor screws.

GAS FILLING/
The transformer will be delivered with a pressure of approx. Operation of the densimeter (Fig. 7):
0.5kgf/cm2 (0.05MPa relative) inside. Do not energize the › Green Zone: Normal operating zone.
transformer until it has been filled with gas in accordance with › Amber Zone: Abnormal operating zone. The pressure is below
the pressure and composition values indicated on the nameplate. normal working pressure. The transformer maintains the
If the internal pressure drops, it must be refilled with gas before defined insulation level. Contact ARTECHE.
the minimum operating pressure indicated on the rating plate is › Red Zone: Danger zone. Pressure drop below minimum level.
reached. The densimeter is equipped with two alarm contacts to The transformer can still withstand the rated voltage with
indicate the pressure drop and allow filling (Fig. 7). the internal atmospheric pressure of the gas. Withdraw from
The pressure values of these alarms are indicated on the service and contact ARTECHE.
nameplate. The densimeter is equipped with two alarms:
› The first alarm indicates the passage from the green to the
amber zone.
› The second alarm indicates the passage from the amber to the
red zone.

The handling of the gas, of the containers under pressure in which it is supplied and of the pressure
regulation instruments must be carried out by trained and certified personnel, and using appropriate
means, to reduce the risk of gas emission and possible damage due to the incorrect handling of
the containers. The emission of SF6 to the atmosphere can constitute a punishable offense

SF6 gas must comply with IEC 60376 or ASTM D2472. The emission of SF6 gas into the atmosphere may constitute a
The handling of the gas, of the containers under pressure in punishable offense.
which it is supplied and of the pressure regulation instruments For more details, please refer to the ARTECHE gas filling manual.
must be carried out by trained and certified personnel, and
using appropriate means, to reduce the risk of emission and of
possible damage due to incorrect handling of the containers.

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 User Manual

ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS/
Primary connections

A faulty contact or a bad connection can lead to rapid transformer deterioration

Do not use the secondary terminal block as a step

CAUTION To make or check the primary connections, a lifting platform or a ladder should be used,
maintaining the necessary safety conditions for work at height. In no case may the
terminal block be used as support

The primary terminal material is aluminum. They can have a tin Do not bring aluminum into contact with copper-based materials
or silver coating with so as to prevent galvanic pair corrosion unless special precautions are taken.
and improve their contact.

Material Finish Cleaning

It is recommended to clean the contact surfaces

Silver or tinned with a soft cloth (do not use a metal brush)

Aluminum We recommended vigorously brushing the contact

surfaces with a soft metal brush (preferably
Unfinished stainless steel) or sandpaper, until you see the
characteristic shine of the clean metal

Only impregnate the contact surfaces to be used with contact Tightening must be carried out using a torque wrench, as shown on
grease, keeping the others clean. Remove excess grease to the diagram plates and in Annex II.
avoid contamination.

Avoid excessive torque, as the connector may suffer damage such as cracks which may expand in the future and
cause it to break

An inadequate torque may cause improper contact and cause the terminals to heat up during operation

Check the correct external wiring.

Secondary connections

In the terminal box there is a terminal block where the is indicated on the secondary marking plate on the inside of
secondary wires are connected. The disposition of the terminals the box cover.

Any secondary one that is not loaded must be open and grounded at a single point
The current in a short-circuited secondary can reach dangerous values and can even destroy the device

The secondary winding(s) must be connected to earth through The screws of the lower cable gland cover, the block cover and
one of its terminals. the terminals must be tightened to the torque specified Annex II.
In case of secondary with intermediate taps, the common Do not leave the terminal block open after handling. It should be
terminal must be grounded. properly closed with the cover and lid.
Check that the secondary connections are correctly tightened
and the contact surfaces are clean.

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User Manual

Grounding

The ground terminal of the transformer must be properly The low voltage terminal of the primary voltage winding must
connected to the ground network by a connection capable of always be grounded when the transformer is in service. This
carrying the network’s fault current. Check that the connection terminal is located inside the secondary terminal box (Fig. 8).
is tightened correctly and that the contact surfaces are clean.

The transformer must be firmly grounded. A faulty or missing connection may cause damage or even
DANGER
destroy the device

Densimeter alarm connections

Check that the alarm connections on the densimeter are

tightened correctly and that the contact surfaces are clean.

INSPECTION AND MONITORING

ELECTRIC SHOCK AND/OR INJURY

› Everything should only be carried out by personnel who is qualified in the maintenance and verification
DANGER
of the equipment
› Do not touch live parts

Always follow the Arteche Manual for instructions on transport, The following inspection points are only a suggestion in case
storage, handling and installation. they are within the user’s maintenance policy.
ARTECHE instrument transformers do not require maintenance. 1. Physical inspection:
There are no moving parts and no components susceptible to a. Mechanical: Look for signs of impact, damage or loose
wear and tear, so no active maintenance is required. parts.
However, some companies perform some monitoring operations b. Electrical: Check the correct state of the electrical
on instrument transformers as part of a general substation connections.
maintenance program. These maintenance programs are not
intended to extend the life of the units, as the measures have no c. Gas. Check the gas pressure as indicated on the
impact on the state of the insulation or the performance of the densimeter.
units. These programs serve to know the state of the isolation, so 2. Dielectric tests:
that the user can make decisions based on the results obtained,
d. Electrical tests to evaluate the insulation of the equipment.
as well as detect situations that may be causing damage to the
For the test procedure, see Annex III.
unit.
We at Arteche, as manufacturers, do not establish any specific 3. Gas tests:
measures, since the decision depends on: e. Tests performed on gas samples. The gas tests analyze
› the resources available to each user, the state of the insulating liquid and show the properties
of the system in general.
› the location of the instrument transformer (can be a position
which is more or less critical), 4. Thermographic testing:
› the environmental and electrical conditions that the unit must f. Use of thermographic cameras.
withstand at each specific point,
› the history of the unit,
› the specific types or the problematic units,
› etc…

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 User Manual

Type Code Test Observations

A1 Packaging Look for signs of rough handling.

A2 Insulator Check that is not damaged and is clean. Check that it is not loose, bent or broken.

Primary
A3 Check that they are not loose, bent or broken.
Terminals

A4 Secondary Check that it is not damaged and that it is securely fastened to the tank or transformer holder.
Terminal
Box Check that no water enters the terminal box due to rain.
A5
Check that the ventilation openings are not blocked.

A6 Metal parts Check for dents, scratches or signs of corrosion.

Unusual
A7 Check for unusual noises, vibrations or odors.
behavior
Physical inspection

Densimeter
A8 and other Check for damage.
accessories

Primary Check that there is good contact, that there are no signs of corrosion and that all nuts and bolts are properly
B1
connections tightened. The use of conductive grease is recommended to improve contact, such as Penetrox A13.

Check that all screws are properly tightened, and that there are no signs of corrosion. In the case of
Secondary
B3 secondary windings with intermediate taps, check that the connection matches the real transformer ratio.
circuits
Check that the unused secondary voltages are in open circuit.

Check that the grounding terminal is correctly connected to the substation grounding network, that the
B4 Grounding
screws are correctly tightened and that there are no signs of corrosion.

Voltage
Check that the neutral terminal (N) of the primary winding is grounded.
transformer
B6 Leaving it open when the transformer is energized will cause surges and damage to the
neutral
transformer.
connection

B7 Readings Check that the reading values of the secondary match the values expected.

Internal
C1 Check that the densimeter reading is in the green zone.
pressure

For field tests, the use of the megohmmeter (Megger) is very common, and the tests that are usually
done are:
› Among the secondaries
› Each secondary against ground
Measurement › N/P2 against secondary and Ground
of the In the case of new equipment, the value obtained does not provide any information, unless a short circuit
D2
Insulation is detected. Generally, values above 100 MΩ should be expected. However, the comparison of long-term
resistors values can help determine if a device is still in good working conditions.
Dielectric tests

Do not test at voltages above 3 kV AC or 1 kV DC.

Do not test for more than one minute. It is not recommended to repeat this test often as the
internal insulation could be damaged.
For details on the test procedure, follow Annex III

The Portable Transformer Ratio Meter is commonly used to measure the ratio, excitation current and
polarity of windings. The values obtained are a reference that the transformer is in good condition and
can be energized.
They should not be compared with the results of factory tests carried out in the manufacturing plant
D3 Ratio test
laboratory.
Due to the high precision required for this measurement, the actual uncertainty of the test must be taken
into account when testing on site.
For details on the test procedure, follow Annex III

E1 Dew point Checks for presence of moisture in the gas.

Gas tests

E2 Purity Checks the quality of the SF6.

E3 SO2 The concentration of SO2 is an indicator of the presence of decomposition products in SF6 gas.
Thermograpic

Using thermographic cameras, hot spots can be detected during the operation of transformers. In most
tests

Thermographic cases, hot spots on instrument transformers occur at the primary terminals’ connection point to the line.
F1
analysis If present, check the integrity of the connectors, as well as their correct position and whether they are
correctly tightened.

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TESTS PROGRAM/

When What
On arrival of the transformers at the warehouse or substation A1
After unpacking A2 - A3 - A4 - A6 - A8
During assembly A2 - A3 - A4 – A5 - A6 - A8 - B1 - B3 - B4 - B6 - C1 - D2 - D3
After energizing A7 - B7 - C1 - F1
Routine checks (weekly or monthly) A2 - A7 - B7 - C1
Annual checks A2 - A3 - A4 - A5 - A6 - A7 - A8 - B1 - B3 - B4 - B6 - B7 - C1 - F1
After re-connections, the load changes A7 - B1 - B3 - B4 - B6 - B7 - F1
A3 - A7 - B1 - B3 - B4 - B6 - C1
After the fault conditions, the short circuits, etc.
See also “Careful check of the transformer” below.
After 1 year from start-up and after 5 years from start-up, if the
values are normal and there is no considerable increase, perform E1 - E2 - E3
an analysis after 15 years from start-up, and then every 5 years

CAREFUL CHECK OF THE TRANSFORMER/

It is recommended that all regular tests be repeated after transformer (e.g. a short circuit with current or duration values
a long period of operation (about 20 years), or if a major higher than the nominal ones, or over-voltages caused by the
network disturbance has occurred that could damage the malfunctioning of the switches).

QUICK TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE

Phenomenon Control item Cause Countermeasure

Abnormal Internal issue

voltage
indication Contact ARTECHE
Partial discharges
› Visual control
Short circuit Ferro-resonance
alarm in the › Load control
secondary › Measuring insulation Loss of contacts Repairing the issue
resistance
Strange › Analyzing gas Winding short-circuit
noises,
Contact ARTECHE Contact ARTECHE
smells and
Winding error
vibrations
1. Equipment name
Relay trip 2. Serial number
Overload Correct loading
and non-trip 3. Type
4. Manufacture date
5. Description of the issue
Deteriorated sealing 6. Results of the controls
Gas pressure › Locate gas leaks
Surface corroded Contact ARTECHE
drop › Determine pressure losses by the
sealing parts

Oxidation › Visual check Peeled-off coating

and Repainting
corrosion › Examine environment Corrosive atmosphere

Clean and dry off.

If the resistance
Insulation
Wet or contaminated is not restored in
loss
spite of your efforts,
contact ARTECHE

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User Manual - Annex I High Voltage Instrument Transformers | UG

ANNEX I

HANDLING AND CONNECTION

› UG-72..525
 User Manual - Annex I

› Fig. 1: Lifting › Fig. 2: Lifting

› Fig. 3: Movement › Fig. 4: Movement

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User Manual - Annex I

› Fig. 5: Placement of the equipotential ring

› Fig. 6: Placement of the equipotential ring

› Fig. 7: Densimeter › Fig. 8: Neutral grounding

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User Manual - Annex II High Voltage Instrument Transformers | UG

ANNEX II

TIGHTENING TORQUES

HIGH VOLTAGE STEEL 8.8 (ZN-0) STAINLESS STEEL A2-70

METRICS Insulator GENERAL Insulator

GENERAL Bushing Metal-Metal Blushing
Metal-Metal Valves (except threads Vales
Rupture Disc on copper) Rupture Disc

M3 - - 0.6 -

M4 - - 2 -

M5 - - 4 -

M6 4.41 4.41 6 4.4

M8 10.8 10.8 15 10.8

M10 21.1 21.1 30 21.1

M12 36.3 24.5 48 24.5

M14 - - 60 30

M16 91.2 78.4 120 78.4

M20 177 90 230 90

M24 304 - 380 -

M30 608 - - -

Tightening torque (N-m) with -5%,+0% tolerance.

NOTE: If a torque different from that indicated in this table is indicated on the drawing or plates of the equipment, the torque indicated on the drawing
or plate must be applied.
User Manual - Annex III High Voltage Instrument Transformers | UG

ANNEX III

ELECTRICAL FIELD TESTING

All ARTECHE transformers are tested at our High Voltage laboratories, under the strictest criteria of international standards and/or
under specific client standards/specifications when so requested. All of it under a thorough quality system, certified under ISO 9001.
However, it is normal for pre-operative tests to be performed in order to confirm certain important equipment values. The following
is a guide to the most common on-site tests and the proper way to perform them on ARTECHE brand transformers.
This annex applies to the following equipment:
› Gas Insulated Voltage Transformers, UG Series, Models UG-72..550.
 User Manual - Annex III

INSULATION RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT

The measurement of the insulation resistance is done to check In the case of new equipment, the value obtained does not
the integrity of the transformer insulation and to ensure that it provide any information, unless a short circuit is detected.
has not been internally damaged during transportation. This test Generally, values above 100 MΩ should be expected. However,
depends largely on the design of the transformer, the general the comparison of long-term values can help determine if a
configuration of the test, the instruments used, etc. The values device is still in good working conditions.
obtained may not be representative of the actual state of the Do not test at voltages above 3 kV AC or 1 kV DC.
insulation. If this test is performed, it is recommended to contact
the manufacturer. Do not test for more than one minute. It is not recommended
to repeat this test often as the internal insulation could be
For field tests, the use of the megohmmeter (Megger) is very damaged.
common, and the tests that are usually done are:
› N/P2 against secondary and Ground.
› Each secondary against ground.
› Among the secondaries.

INDUCTIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS/

Primaries vs. Secondaries+ Ground N/S+G (Fig. 1) Between secondaries S/S
› The line cable of the measuring equipment must be connected › This test is only applicable to transformers having more than
to the terminals of the primary winding (A-N) that are short- 1 secondary.
circuited with each other, and the grounding plate (N) must be › Primary terminal A must be disconnected and the neutral
disconnected from the primary winding. connection of the (N) primary winding must be grounded.
› The ground cable of the measuring instrument must be › The secondaries to be assessed will be connected; one to
connected to the short-circuited secondary terminals together the line cable and the other(s) to the ground cable of the
with the ground terminals on the secondary terminal block as measuring equipment.
well as the tank. › The test is repeated with each secondary.
Secondaries vs Ground S/G (Fig. 2)
› Primary terminal A must be disconnected and the neutral
connection of the (N) primary winding must be grounded.
› The line cable of the measuring equipment must be connected
to the short-circuited secondary terminals.
› The grounding cable of the measuring equipment must be
connected to the tank.

A A

N
N + - G + - G

› Fig. 1 › Fig. 2

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User Manual - Annex III

TRANSFORMER RATIO TEST

The Portable Transformer Ratio Meter (TTR) is commonly used The TTR contains 4 terminals (this configuration may vary
to measure the ratio, excitation current and polarity of windings. depending on the manufacturer):
The values obtained are a reference that the transformer is › H1: Black excitation terminal.
in good condition and can be energized. They should not be › H2: Red excitation terminal.
compared with the results of factory tests carried out in the
manufacturing plant laboratory. › X1: Black secondary terminal.

Due to the high precision required for this measurement, the › X2: Secondary red terminal.
actual uncertainty of the test must be taken into account when
testing on site.

INDUCTIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS/

This test verifies the transformer ratio and polarity, and displays › The clamps marked “X” will be connected to the transformer’s
a “+” signal if correct, and a “-” signal if inverted. To carry out the secondary terminals:
test, proceed as follows (Fig. 3). • X1 will be connected to the beginning of the winding. When
› The excitation terminals (clamps marked “H”) will be the secondary has taps, you must connect X1 to the tap of the
connected to the transformer’s primary terminal: secondary terminal which is to be tested.
• H1 will be connected to the primary terminal of equipment A. • X2 will be connected at the end of the secondary winding.
• H2 will be connected to the ground terminal, located at the • This test must be applied to each secondary separately;
base of the equipment. in case the transformer has more than one secondary, the
secondaries which are not to be tested must be left open.

a1 a2 a3 n H1
H2
X2 T.T.R.
X1

› Fig. 3

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ARTECHE_MU_HV_UG_EN
V: A1 15/02/2022

For more detailed information, please visit us at arteche.com ©ARTECHE

Subject to change without notice