By O.P.

GUPTA
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M.+919650350480

In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R).
Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Unit 1 (Relations & Functions)

Relations & Functions, Inverse Trig. Functions

Q01. Assertion (A) : The relation R  {(a, b) : a  b 2 } on the set R of real nos. is not reflexive.
Reason (R) : A relation on a set A is reflexive if (a, a)  R  a  A .
Q07. Assertion (A) : Let f : R  R defined as f (x)   x  , here  .  represents the greatest integer
function. Then f is not one-one.
Reason (R) : A function is one-one if f ()  f () implies    .
Q11. Assertion (A) : Number of all onto functions from the set {1, 2, 3, 4} to itself is 24.
Reason (R) : Onto functions from the set {1, 2, 3, …, n} to itself is simply a permutation on n
symbols namely 1, 2, 3, …, n.
Q27. Assertion (A) : Inverse of sin x does not exist in x  R .
Reason (R) : All trigonometric functions are many-one in their respective domain.
Q30. Assertion (A) : A function f shown below by the arrow diagram, is one-one.

Reason (R) : A function f : A  B is one-one if f (α)  f (β) implies α  β for all α, β  A .

Q38. X  {0, 2, 4, 6, 8}.
P is a relation on X defined by P  {(0, 2), (4, 2), (4, 6), (8, 6), (2, 4), (0, 4)}.
Assertion (A) : The relation P on set X is a transitive relation.
Reason (R) : The relation P has a subset of the form {(a , b), (b,c), (a ,c)}, where a , b, c  X.

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Unit 2 (Algebra)
Matrices, Determinants

Q01. Let A and B be two symmetric matrices of order 3.

Assertion (A) : A(BA) and (AB)A are symmetric matrices.
Reason (R) : AB is symmetric matrix if matrix multiplication of A with B is commutative.
5 1
Q06. Assertion (A) : The inverse of A    does not exist.
 2 2
Reason (R) : Matrix A is non-singular.
 2 3   1 4 5
Q30. Assertion (A) : If A    and B    then the product AB is of order 2  3 .
 4 9  6 7 8
Reason (R) : For a null matrix, all of its elements are zero.
0 0 0 
Q33. Assertion (A) : Matrix M  0 0 0  is a diagonal matrix.
0 0 0 
Reason (R) : A diagonal matrix is a square matrix, in which all the non-diagonal elements are
zero.
4 0 0
Q34. Assertion (A) : For matrix M  0 3 0  , determinant value M  24 .
 0 0 2 
Reason (R) : For a diagonal matrix diag.  a b c  , the det. value is given by ‘ abc ’.

Unit 3 (Calculus)
Continuity & Differentiability, Applications of Derivatives,
Integrals, Application of Integrals, Differential Equations

Q01. Assertion (A) : f (x)  log x is always continuous for all real values of x.
Reason (R) : A function is always continuous at all the points of its domain.
dy
Q19. Assertion (A) : If y  x e x , then  x ex  ex .
dx
d dv du
Reason (R) : (u v)  u v .
dx dx dx
Q25. Assertion (A) : f (x)  sin 2x  3 is defined for all real values of x.
Reason (R) : Maximum value of f (x) is 4 and minimum value is 2.
 d 2 y   dy 
3

Q42. Assertion (A) : Order of differential equation log  2      x is 2.

 dx   dx 
Reason (R) : Order of a differential equation is the order of the highest order derivative
appearing in the differential equation.
Q52. Assertion (A) : For y  9x 2 , x  0, y  1 and y  4 , the area of the closed region in the first
14
quadrant is Sq. units.
9

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x 2 y2
Reason (R) : For the ellipse   1 , the area enclosed in first quadrant is 6  Sq. units.
9 4
10  x
8
Q60. Assertion (A) : 
2 x  10  x
dx  3 .

b b
Reason (R) :  f (x) dx   f (a  b  x) dx .
a a

Q62. Assertion (A) : The maximum value of the function f (x)  x 5 , where x  [1, 1] is attained at
its critical point, x  0.
Reason (R) : The maximum of a function can only occur at points where derivative is zero.

Unit 4 (Vectors & 3 D Geometry)

Vector Algebra, Three Dimensional Geometry
r r r r
Q01. Assertion (A) : Value of   2 , if a Pb , where a  2iˆ  4ˆj  3 kˆ , b  ˆi  2ˆj  3kˆ .
r r r r r r
Reason (R) : a .b  0 implies, a  b , if a and b are non-zero vectors.
r r r
Q16. Assertion (A) : If a  2 ˆi  3jˆ  4kˆ then, a .a  29 .
r r r2
Reason (R) : a .a  a .
r ˆ and rr  2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  (3iˆ  ˆj  2k)
Q25. Assertion (A) : r  ˆi  (2iˆ  3k) ˆ are perpendicular lines.
Reason (R) : For two perpendicular lines whose d.r.’s are a1 , b1 , c1 and a 2 , b 2 , c 2 , we must have
a1a 2  b1b 2  c1c 2  0 .
r
Q30. Assertion (A) : The shortest distance between the lines r  8iˆ  9ˆj  10kˆ  (3iˆ  16ˆj  7k)ˆ and
r
r  15iˆ  29ˆj  5kˆ  (3iˆ  8jˆ  5k)
ˆ is given by 14 units .
r r r r r r
Reason (R) : The shortest distance between the parallel lines r  a1   b and r  a 2   b , is
r r r
b  (a 2  a1 )
given by S.D.  r .
b
r
Q36. Assertion (A) : The acute angle between the line r  $i  $j  2k$ (i$ $j) and the x-axis is 45o .
r
Reason (R) : The acute angle  between the lines r  x $i  y $j  z k$ (a $
1 1 i  b $j  c k)
1 1
$ and
1 1

r a1a 2  b1b 2  c1c 2

r  x 2 $i  y2 $j  z 2 k$ (a 2 $i  b2 $j  c2 k)
$ is given by cos   .
a12  b12  c12 a 22  b 22  c 22

Unit 5 (Linear Programming)

Linear Programming Problems

Q01. Assertion (A) : In a particular LPP whose objective function is given as Z  x  y , the corner
points of the feasible region are found to be (25, 0), (0, 40) and (0, 0) and so, Zmax  40 .
Reason (R) : The maximum or minimum values of objective function occur at the corner point
of the feasible region.
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Q08. Corner points of a LPP are given as O(0, 0), A(7, 0), B(3, 4) and C(0, 2).
2
Assertion (A) : Let Z  px  y and Z A  ZC then, the value of p  .
7
3
Reason (R) : If Z  qx  y and ZA  2 ZC , then value of q  .
7
Q09. The corner points of the feasible region determined by
the system of linear constraints are as shown below.
Assertion (A) : Let Z  x  2y be the objective function.
Then maximum value of Z occurs at B(6, 3).
Reason (R) : For the objective function Z  x  2y ,
Zmax  11 .

Unit 6 (Probability)
Probability

2 1 1 7
Q01. Assertion (A) : If P(A)  , P(B)  , P(A  B)  , then P(A | B)  .
5 3 5 10
P(A  B)
Reason (R) : P(A | B)  , P(A  B)  P(A  B) and P(E)  1  P(E) .
P(B)
Q13. Assertion (A) : The random variable X has a probability distribution P(X), which is of the form
k, if x  0
2k, if x  1

P(X)   . Then k  1 .
3k, if x  2
0, otherwise
Reason (R) : For a probability distribution of random variable X,  P(X)  1 .
Q17. Assertion (A) : Two coins are tossed simultaneously. The probability of getting two heads, if it
1
is known that at least one head comes up, is .
3
P(E F)
Reason (R) : Let E and F be two events with a random experiment, then P(F | E)  .
P(E)

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Matrices Determinants Relations & Functions Inverse Trig. Functions

MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics 495

MATHMISSION FOR XII By O.P. GUPTA (INDIRA Award Winner)

Continuity & Diff. Application of Derivatives Indefinite Integrals Definite Integrals

Application of Integrals Differential Equations Vector Algebra 3 D Geometry

Linear Programming Probability

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MATHMISSION FOR XII (2024-25)
For CBSE Board Exams  Maths (041)
By O.P. Gupta (Indira Award Winner)
 Detailed Theory with Examples
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