Linear Method of Laying out

Simple curve
Prepared by:
Engr. Randy G. Policarpio

Prepared by: Engr. Randy G.

Policarpio
Types of linear method:

There are three types of the linear methods to set out a

simple circular curve.
1. By offsets from the long chord.
2. By offsets from the tangents.
3. By radial offsets.

Prepared by: Engr. Randy G.

Policarpio
 Setting out • These methods use the chain surveying
tools only.
simple • These methods are used for the short
circular curves which doesn’t require high

curve using degree of accuracy.

• These methods are used for the clear
linear situations on the road intersections.
methods

Prepared by: Engr. Randy G.

Policarpio
By offsets from the long chord

Prepared by: Engr. Randy G.

Policarpio
 Example

Prepared by: Engr. Randy G.

Policarpio
CEP 331C HIGHWAY AND RAILROAD ENGINEERING
Topic: LAYOUT OF SIMPLE CURVE: LINEAR METHOD
Prepared by: Engr> RANDY G. POLICARPIO
OFFSETS FROM THE LONG CHORD

GIVEN: R  20m I  45deg

COMPUTATION:
1145.916 ( m)
1. Degree of curve: D   57.296 D  57.296deg

R

T  R tan 
I
2. Tangent Distance:   8.284m T  8.284m
 2

E  R   1  1.648m
1
3. External distance: E  1.648m
 cos    I 
  2 

M  R  1  cos 
I 
4. Middle Ordinate:    1.522m M  1.522m
  2 

C  2 R  sin 
I 
5. Long Chord:    15.307m C  15.307m
  2 
20 I
6. Length of the curce: LC   15.708 LC  15.708m
D

7. For the offset distance y:

x  0 x 0
1 1

2
 C
 1
2 2 2
y 
1
R  x  R    y  1.522 m
1
 2

x  2m x  2m
2 2

2
 C
 2
2 2 2
y 
2
R  x  R    y  1.422 m
2
2

x  4m x  4m
3 3
2
 C
 3
2 2 2
y 
3
R  x  R    y  1.118 m
3
2

x  6m x  6m
4 4
2
 C
 4
2 2 2
y 
4
R  x  R    y  0.601 m
4
2

C
x  x  7.654 m
5 2 5

2
 C
 5
2 2 2
y 
5
R  x  R    y  0m
5
2
By offsets from the tangent

Prepared by: Engr. Randy G.

Policarpio
 Example

Prepared by: Engr. Randy G.

Policarpio
CEP 331C HIGHWAY AND RAILROAD ENGINEERING
Topic: LAYOUT OF SIMPLE CURVE: LINEAR METHOD
Prepared by: Engr> RANDY G. POLICARPIO
OFFSETS FROM THE TANGENT

GIVEN: R  20m I  45deg

COMPUTATION:
1145.916 ( m)
1. Degree of curve: D   57.296 D  57.296deg

R

T  R tan 
I
2. Tangent Distance:   8.284m T  8.284m
 2

E  R   1  1.648m
1
3. External distance: E  1.648m
 cos    I 
  2 

M  R  1  cos 
I 
4. Middle Ordinate:    1.522m M  1.522m
  2 

C  2 R  sin 
I 
5. Long Chord:    15.307m C  15.307m
  2 
20 I
6. Length of the curce: LC   15.708 LC  15.708m
D

7. For the offset distance y:

x  0 x 0
1 1

 1
2 2
y  R  R  x y  0m
1 1

x  2m x  2m
2 2

 2
2 2
y  R  R  x y  0.1 m
2 2

x  4m x  4m
3 3

 3
2 2
y  R  R  x y  0.404 m
3 3

x  6m x  6m
4 4

 4
2 2
y  R  R  x y  0.921 m
4 4

x  8m x  8m
5 5

 5
2 2
y  R  R  x y  1.67 m
5 5
 By radial offsets

Prepared by: Engr. Randy G.

Policarpio
 Example

0.100

0.396

0.881

Prepared by: Engr. Randy G.

Policarpio
CEP 331C HIGHWAY AND RAILROAD ENGINEERING
Topic: LAYOUT OF SIMPLE CURVE: LINEAR METHOD
Prepared by: Engr> RANDY G. POLICARPIO
RADIAL OFFSETS

GIVEN: R  20m I  45deg

COMPUTATION:
1145.916 ( m)
1. Degree of curve: D   57.296 D  57.296 deg
R

T  R tan
I
2. Tangent Distance:   8.284 m T  8.284m
2

E  R   1  1.648 m
1
3. External distance: E  1.648m
 cos 
I

 2 

M  R  1  cos
I 
4. Middle Ordinate:    1.522 m M  1.522m
  2 

C  2  R  sin
I 
5. Long Chord:    15.307 m C  15.307m
  2 
20 I
6. Length of the curce: LC   15.708 LC  15.708m
D

7. For the offset distance y:

x  0 x 0
1 1

 1
2 2
y  R  x R y  0m
1 1

x  2m x  2m
2 2

 2
2 2
y  R  x R y  0.1 m
2 2

x  4m x  4m
3 3

 3
2 2
y  R  x R y  0.396 m
3 3

x  6m x  6m
4 4

 4
2 2
y  R  x R y  0.881 m
4 4