Navigation

NAVIGATION
PILOT TRAINING GUIDE
Chapter 16: Navigation
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 16-1

Description ........................................................................................................................ 16-2
Audio Control Panel .................................................................................................... 16-2
Radio Management Unit (RMU).................................................................................. 16-2
Global Positioning System (GPS) ............................................................................... 16-3
Modes of Operation............................................................................................... 16-5
GPS Schematic..................................................................................................... 16-9
Navigation Display Unit (if installed).......................................................................... 16-10
ON Key................................................................................................................ 16-10
Data Entry Keyboard........................................................................................... 16-11
Special Function Keyboard ................................................................................. 16-11
System Select Keys ............................................................................................ 16-11
Data Select Keyboard ......................................................................................... 16-12
Displays............................................................................................................... 16-12
NDU Update........................................................................................................ 16-13
Position Entry ...................................................................................................... 16-14
NDU Schematic................................................................................................... 16-16
Inertial Reference System......................................................................................... 16-17
Laseref IV Differences......................................................................................... 16-21
Weather Radar (WX)................................................................................................. 16-22
Radar Antenna .................................................................................................... 16-23
Mode Selection ................................................................................................... 16-24
WX System Operation......................................................................................... 16-26
Tilt ....................................................................................................................... 16-29
Tilt Management ................................................................................................. 16-29
Lightning Sensor System (LSS) (if installed)....................................................... 16-33
Weather Radar Schematic .................................................................................. 16-34
Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) .............................................. 16-35
Target/Threat Advisories ..................................................................................... 16-35
Traffic Identification ............................................................................................. 16-36
TCAS Modes ....................................................................................................... 16-37
ATC/TCAS Mode Select ..................................................................................... 16-37
TCAS DSPY 1 (2) Select .................................................................................... 16-39
TCAS Mode Select Annunciation........................................................................ 16-39
TCAS Symbology ................................................................................................ 16-40
Digitized Voice .................................................................................................... 16-40
Resolution Advisories.......................................................................................... 16-41
TCAS Status Messages ...................................................................................... 16-42
TCAS Zoom Window........................................................................................... 16-42
TCAS Traffic Display (MAP Format) ................................................................... 16-43
TCAS Schematic ................................................................................................. 16-44
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS) ......................................... 16-45
For Training Purposes Only 16-i

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
EGPWS Modes ................................................................................................... 16-47

Terrain Awareness Alerting................................................................................. 16-57
Annunciations...................................................................................................... 16-59
Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF)............................................................................ 16-60
Flight Management System (FMS) ........................................................................... 16-61
FMS Display Unit ................................................................................................ 16-61
Annunciators ....................................................................................................... 16-62
Brightness Control............................................................................................... 16-63
Line Select Keys ................................................................................................. 16-64
Legend ................................................................................................................ 16-65
Function Keys ..................................................................................................... 16-66
Scratchpad .......................................................................................................... 16-70
Nav Data Base Verification ................................................................................. 16-72
Flight Plan (Stored) ............................................................................................. 16-75
Flight Plan Manual Waypoint Entry ..................................................................... 16-76
Navigation System EICAS Messages ....................................................................... 16-79
EMS Circuit Protection.............................................................................................. 16-80
16-ii For Training Purposes Only

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
INTRODUCTION
The navigation system includes those units and components which provide the
following data to the flight crew:
• Position Systems – Dual VHF navigation systems (providing VOR, LOC, GS and
MKR signals), FMS, ADF, DME and ATC transponder systems
• Independent Position Systems – Weather radar, TCAS
The navigation receivers are tuned by the Radio Management Units (RMU) and
navigation data is displayed on the PFDs and MFDs.
MFD control panels (located on the pedestal) permit control over MFD format. PFD
control panels (located on the glareshield) permits control over navigation source and
bearing source display.
The partial compass rose on the PFDs echoes the MFD bearing information for the
navigation aid selected on the PFD control panel and tuned by the RMUs.
VOR, DME, ADF and MKR audio selection and monitoring is provided at the audio
control panels (located on the pedestal).
COM1 NAV1
1 2 1 . 8 2 11 7 . 4 5
000ACTIVE FLT PLAN 1/4
0ORIGIN
0BOW PASS/@ LB0 11 8 . 0 2 11 0 . 0 0
KPHX
00000001152Z 0/170 MEMORY-1 MEMORY-1
ATC/TCAS ADF1
0055°00154NM CLS
SJN
15820 (00+21 .75M/10000A
1200 1799.5
1 ATC ALT ADF
0059°00121NM CLS TCAS DSPY 1 HF1
ABQ
15820 (00+15 .75M/10000A 15423
RANGE: 12 LV
0DEPARTURE T.O.INIT0
NORMAL 1 5 6 0 0
COMPARE FUEL QUANTITY
TUNE
SQ DIM 1/2 STO
ID PGE TST DME
RMU
TRANSMIT EMER
VHF 1 VHF 2 VHF 3 HF 1 HF 2 PA

MIC MASK
FMS
NAV 1 NAV 2 ADF DME INT BOTH
V
O
I
1 21 2 D
I
C
E
ST MKR MUTE H'MIC

BRG V/L FMS BRG
HI LO
SPKR SPKR SENS SENS
MINIMUMS NAV SRC BARO SET ON OFF
RAD BARO IN Hpa SPEAKER HEADPHONE
AUDIO CONTROL PANEL

HSI
Honeywell PUSH STD MAP NAV

TCAS MENU TERR
PLAN APT
PFD CONTROL PANEL
GX_16_001
SKP PAG
NORM ABN EMER
RCL ENT
MFD CONTROL PANEL
For Training Purposes Only 16-1

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
DESCRIPTION
AUDIO CONTROL PANEL

The audio control panels, located on the pedestal, are used to transmit on various
radios as selected on the RMU and/or to receive NAV, ADF, DME and MKR
information, as selected on the RMU. For more information, see Chapter 5,
COMMUNICATIONS.
TRANSMIT EMER
VHF 1 VHF 2 VHF 3 HF 1 HF 2 PA

MIC MASK
NAV 1 NAV 2 ADF DME INT BOTH

V
O
I
1 21 2 D
I
C
E
ST MKR MUTE H'MIC
GX_16_002
HI LO
SPKR SPKR SENS SENS
ON OFF
SPEAKER HEADPHONE
RADIO MANAGEMENT UNIT (RMU)

Each RMU contains the following functional modules:
• Integrated Navigation Unit
• VHF NAV Transceiver Module
• DME Transceiver Module
• ADF Receiver Module
• Integrated Communication Unit
• VHF COM Transceiver Module
• Mode S Transponder Module
• TCAS Interface Module
Any selectable parameter, such as VOR or ADF frequency, may be changed by
pressing the corresponding line key, then by rotating the tuning knobs to set a desired
value. For more information, see Chapter 5, COMMUNICATIONS.
16-2 For Training Purposes Only

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
Main Tuning Page
COM1 NAV1
Transfer
Key 1 2 1 . 8 2 11 7 . 4 5 Pilot’s Window
– COM 1
11 8 . 0 2 11 0 . 0 0 – NAV 1
MEMORY-1 MEMORY-1 – ATC/TCAS
– ADF 1
ATC/TCAS ADF1
– TCAS DSPY 1
Line 1200 1799.5 – HF 1
1 ATC ALT ADF Copilot’s Window
Select
– COM 2
Keys TCAS DSPY 1 HF1 – NAV 2
RANGE: 12 15423 – ATC/TCAS
LV – ADF 2
– TCAS DSPY 2
NORMAL 1 5 6 0 0 – HF 2
TUNE
SQ DIM 1/2 STO Tuning
Function Knobs
GX_16_003
Keys
ID PGE TST DME
RMU 1 (PILOT’S)
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS)

The GPS provides navigation data to FMS and EGPWS. The GPS calculates the:
• Latitude
• Longitude
• Altitude
• Accurate time
• North/South velocity
• East/West velocity
• Track angle
• Autonomous integrity limit
• Satellite position
• GNSSU status
The Global Navigation System Sensor Unit (GNSSU), is a GPS receiver that receives
satellite signals from the NAVSTAR GPS satellite constellation (21 operational
satellites and 3 active spares), and uses the satellite data to compute the airplane
position. GPS has an accuracy of 100 meters in 95% of the position fixes.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
GPS 1
GPS 1
GPS 2
Prefered
(Option) GPS 2
Prefered
(Option)
GX_16_004
TO A/C
SYSTEMS
TO ANTENNA
The GNSSU has a Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitor (RAIM) function. The
RAIM monitors the status of the satellites that are used for calculations. The output of
the RAIM function is an estimate of GPS position error. The RAIM value is sent to the
FMS and the FMS uses this data to determine if it can use the GPS for navigation.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
MODES OF OPERATION
The GNSSU has seven operational modes:
Power-On
Self-Test Fault
Aided
GX_16_005
Initialization
Altitude Aiding
Acquisition
Nav
• Self-Test Mode – The GNSSU is in the self-test mode for approximately 5

seconds. When the self-test mode is complete, the GNSSU enters the initialization
mode
• Initialization Mode – The FMS provides the GNSSU with initial position. It is in
this mode for only a fraction of a second. When the hardware is initialized, the
GNSSU enters the acquisition mode
• Acquisition Mode – The GNSSU enters the acquisition mode to acquire satellites
(minimum 4), or from other modes (NAV or Aided), when it does not have
sufficient satellite and/or aiding data to remain in either the NAV mode or the
Aided mode. With initialization and almanac data available, the time to first fix
(TTFF) of a satellite is less than 75 seconds. Without valid initial data, the GNSSU
performs a search-the-skies acquisition and the TTFF of a satellite is less than
10 minutes. From the acquisition mode, the GNSSU enters the NAV mode

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
• Navigation (NAV) Mode – The GNSSU enters the NAV mode when it has
computed a navigation solution that provides position, velocity, and time
measurements. The GNSSU has acquired at least four satellites. The GNSSU
sends GPS position data to the FMS. From the NAV mode the GNSSU enters the
acquisition mode or aided mode
• Aided Mode – The GNSSU enters the aided mode when there is insufficient
satellite and/or altitude information, but external-aided data (inertial velocities
from the FMS) is available to continue to update the NAV filter. While in this
mode, the GNSSU provides valid time outputs. From this mode, the GNSSU
enters the NAV or acquisition mode. It will stay in this mode for a maximum of 5
minutes
• Altitude Aiding Mode – The GNSSU enters the altitude aiding mode if satellite
measurements (less than 4) are not sufficient to maintain integrity or remain in the
NAV mode, yet are sufficient when altitude information is available. This mode
uses altitude data from the ADC to aid the navigation solution and integrity
monitoring during extended periods of insufficient satellite coverage and
geometry. When the calibrated pressure altitude deviation estimate is out of limits,
it reverts to the aided mode. From this mode, the GNSSU enters the NAV or aided
modes
• Fault Mode – The GNSSU enters the fault mode when any faults in the GNSSU is
detected. This mode supersedes all other modes. Any fault will be reported on the
FMS CDU. The FMS MSG indicator will illuminate and GPS 1 (2) FAILED
message will appear in the FMS scratchpad
GPS 1 FAILED

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
GPS Access
To access the GPS on the FMS CDU, proceed as follows:
Press NAV function key
00OOOO0NAV INDEX 1/2

0BOW LIST
0FPL PASS/@ LB0
FPL SELO
KPHX
00000001152Z 0/170
0WPT LIST DATA LINKO
SJN
15820 (00+21 .75M/10000A
0DEPARTURE ARRIVALO
ABQ
15820 (00+15 .75M/10000A
0POS SENSORS T.O.INIT0

TUNEO
Press POS SENSORS key
00OOOO0NAV INDEX 1/2 00OOOPOS SENSORS 1/2

0BOW LIST
0FPL PASS/@ LB0
FPL SELO 0BOW POS
0FMS PASS/@ LB0
UPDATEO
KPHX
00000001152Z 0/170 KPHX
IIIN33°26.6 0/170
W112°12.1
0WPT LIST DATA LINKO 0IRS 1 STATUSO
SJN
15820 (00+21 .75M/10000A SJI
IIIN33°26.6 W112°12.1
0DEPARTURE ARRIVALO 0IRS 2 STATUSO
ABQ
15820 (00+15 .75M/10000A ABQ
IIIN33°26.6 W112°12.1
0POS SENSORS T.O.INIT0

TUNEO 0VOR/DME T.O.INIT0
POSIT INITO
COMPARE FUEL QUANTITY COMPARE FUEL QUANTITY
Press NEXT function key
00OOOPOS SENSORS 1/2 00OOOPOS SENSORS 2/2

0BOW POS
0FMS PASS/@ LB0
UPDATEO 0BOW POS
0FMS PASS/@ LB0
UPDATEO
KPHX 0/170
IIIN33°26.6 W112°12.1 KPHX 0/170
IIIN33°26.6 W112°12.1
0IRS 1 STATUSO 0IRS 1 STATUSO
SJI
IIIN33°26.6 W112°12.1 SJI
IIIN33°06.6 W112°02.3
0IRS 2 STATUSO
ABQ
IIIN33°26.6 W112°12.1 ABQ
GX_16_006
0VOR/DME T.O.INIT0
POSIT INITO 0VOR/DME T.O.INIT0
POSIT INITO

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
GPS Status
To view the GPS STATUS 1/2 on the FMS CDU, proceed as follows:
Press status KEY
00OOOPOS SENSORS 2/2 00000GPS 1 STATUS00002/2

0BOW POS
0FMS PASS/@ LB0
UPDATEO 0BOW GPS POSITION
0 PASS/@ LB0
KPHX 0/170
IIIN33°26.6 W112°12.1 KPHX 0/170
IIIN34°02.6 W112°02.3
0IRS 1 STATUSO 0GRD SPD=310 GPS ALTO
SJI
IIIN34°02.6 W112°02.3 SJI
IN302KT E68KT 14999
0 MILES FR FMS POS
ABQ ABQ
INO.1 W4.4 TOTAL 4.4
GX_16_007
0VOR/DME T.O.INIT0
POSIT INITO 0POS SENSOR T.O.INIT0
PRED RAIMO
To view the GPS STATUS 2/2 on the FMS CDU, proceed as follows:
Press NEXT function key
00000GPS 1 STATUS00001/2 00000GPS 1 STATUS00002/2

0BOW GPS POSITION
0 PASS/@ LB0 0BOW
RAIM=0.10NM PASS/@ LB0
KPHX 0/170
IIIN34°02.6 W112°02.3 KPHX
FOM=0.05NM 0/170
0GRD SPD=310 GPS ALTO HDOP=2 UTC 1730
SJI
IN302KT E68KT 14999 SJI
VDOP=2 DATE 20APR97
0 MILES FR FMS POS MODE=NAVIGATION
ABQ
INO.1 W4.4 TOTAL 4.4 ABQ
SATELLITES TRACKED=7
GX_16_008
0POS SENSOR T.O.INIT0
PRED RAIMO 0POS SENSOR T.O.INIT0
PRED RAIMO
GPS STATUS 1/2 displays the following information:

• GPS position
• Groundspeed
• Altitude
• Miles from FMS position
GPS STATUS 2/2 displays the following information:
• Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitor (RAIM)
• Figure of Merit (FOM)
• Horizontal Dilution of Precision (HDOP)
• Vertical Dilution of Precision (VDOP)
• Time (UTC) and Data
• Operating Mode
• Satellites Tracked

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
RAIM and FOM indicate current uncertainty of position expressed in nautical miles.
HDOP and VDOP are numbers that rate current satellite geometry in the horizontal
and vertical axis with 1 being the best geometry. Normally HDOP and VDOP numbers
are below 10.
NOTE
For more information refer to the Flight Management System
Pilot’s Guide.
GPS SCHEMATIC
FMS 1 FMS 2 FMS 3
GPS
ANTENNA
IAC 1
FMS 1
IAC 2
FMS 2
GNSSU
IAC 3
FMS 3
(if installed)
ADC 1 ADC 2
GX_16_009
GPWS

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
NAVIGATION DISPLAY UNIT (IF INSTALLED)

The Navigation Display Unit (NDU), also referred to as Lasertrack (LTRK), located
on the pilot’s side panel, is a combined navigation computer and display unit, that is
used to initialize up to three inertial reference units (IRU) and to display navigation
data based on a nine-waypoint flight plan and IRS inputs.
FROM/TO/WPT Data Display

Display
888888 8888888
FROM TO WPT
8 8
ON Key
ON N
1 3
2
W 5 E
4 6
LEG XTK DIS Data Entry
WPT
CHG DTK TIM 7 S Keyboard
Data Select 9
Keyboard 8
TK WD HDG BCK
POS
GS WS STS ENT 0 CLR
SYSTEM SELECT FAULT
M BRT
GX_16_010
1 2 3 TST
T DIM
SYSTEM SELECT NDU FAULT Special Function

Keyboard Annunciator Keyboard
The following describes the controls of the NDU:
ON KEY
The ON Key is used to power on and power off the NDU.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
DATA ENTRY KEYBOARD

The data entry keyboard is used to enter, display, modify, or transmit initialization, leg
change, and flight plan data. The data entry keyboard consists of the following:
N
1 3
ENT Key 2 CLR Key
The enter key is used to The clear key is used to
accept entered data that is W 5 E remove entered data and
being displayed on the 4 6 clear the display. A cue light
data display. A cue light illuminates (green) to
illuminates (green) to indicate that operator action
7 S
indicate that operator 9 is required.
action is required. 8
BCK
GX_16_011
ENT 0 CLR
BCK Key
The back key is used to select the
number and position of the previous
waypoint for display when the WPT cue
light is illuminated.
SPECIAL FUNCTION KEYBOARD

The special function keyboard consists of the following:
SYSTEM SELECT KEYS
The magnetic/true north key

Used to indicate north reference.
– When the M cue light is illuminated, the NDU TST Key
displays data reference to magnetic north. The test key is used to start a
– When the T cue light is illuminated, the NDU test of all NDU annunciators,
displays data reference to true north. cue lights and display.
POS
GS WS STS ENT 0 CLR
SYSTEM SELECT FAULT
M BRT
1 2 3 TST
T DIM
The System select keys are used BRT/DIM Key

to select data for display from IRU1, The bright/dim key is used to control the lighting of the
IRU2, or IRU3. The NDU displays
GX_16_012
NDU display. When first pressed and held, the display

data from one IRU at a time. The intensity increases until the brightest level is reached.
selected IRU’s cue light is When pressed and held a second time, the display
illuminated. intensity decreases until the dimmest level is reached.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
DATA SELECT KEYBOARD

The data select keyboard is used to select data for display. Each key contains a cue
light that indicates what type of data has been selected. When the WPT, LEG CHG,
POS, or HDG STS key is pressed, the operator can enter new data or modify the data
that the NDU is displaying. The data select keyboard consists of the following:
LEG CHG Key

The leg change key is used to XTK DTK Key
define or modify the current flight The crosstrack/desired track
plan leg by displaying the FROM key is used to select and
and TO waypoint numbers. The display the cross track error
current leg must be defined before in nautical miles from the DIS TIM Key
navigation data can be defined and current leg and the desired The distance/time key is used to
displayed. track of that leg. select and display the distance
and time to the TO waypoint
8 8
WPT Key based upon present position and
The waypoint key is used to current groundspeed.
build and display a flight plan
consisting of one to nine
waypoints. When the key is
repeatedly pressed, the NDU LEG XTK DIS
WPT
displays the successive flight CHG DTK TIM
plan waypoints by number and HDG STS Key
position. TK WD HDG The heading/status key is used to
POS
GS WS STS display the current airplane
TK GS Key heading. When the IRU is in align
SYSTEM SELECT FAULT mode, the NDU displays
The track/groundspeed key is
used to select and display the alignment status (time remaining
current track and groundspeed until NAV mode entry). When the
WD STS Key IRU is in NAV mode, the NDU
POS Key The wind direction/wind speed key displays in the left display. When
the IRU is in altitude mode, the
GX_16_013
The position key is used to is used to select and display the
initialize and display the present current wind direction and wind NDU displays magnetic heading
position of the airplane. speed. in the left display and “ATT” in the
right.
DISPLAYS
The NDU contains a data display and a FROM TO WPT display.
The NDU data display consists of two displays, a six-position and a seven-position
display, each having degree, decimal and minute indicators.
Left Display Right Display
888888 8888888
GX_16_014
FROM TO WPT

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
NDU UPDATE
To update the NDU (pre-flight), proceed as follows:
Power On
• Power the NDU on
Test
• Test the NDU displays, annunciators, and cue lights
FROM TO WPT
Three elements display the FROM and TO waypoint numbers
of the current leg and the number of the waypoint (WPT)
defined by the position being displayed
888888 8888888
FROM TO WPT
ON
8 8 1
N
2
3
Power the W 5 E
NDU on. 4 6
LEG XTK DIS
WPT
CHG DTK TIM 7 S
9
8
TK WD HDG BCK GX_16_015
POS
GS WS STS ENT 0 CLR
SYSTEM SELECT FAULT
M BRT
1 2 3 TST
T DIM Test the NDU
displays,
annunciators,
and cue lights.
FAULT ANNUNCIATOR
The NDU FAULT annunciator is
illuminated when the NDU BITE
detects internal failures.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
POSITION ENTRY
The following procedures can be used for position entry (initialization) during IRU
alignment and align downmode.
Press POS Key POS N473 2 5 W1 221 25
N
Press N/2 or S/8 2 N 0 W1 2 21 2 5
Press Latitude (example KICT)
3 7 3 9 N 373 9 0 W 1 2 2 1 2 5
Press ENT key to transmit latitude to all IRUs
ENT
W
4 N373 9 0 W 0
Enter Longitude (example KICT)
E
BCK
0
9 7 N
2 6 N373 9 0 W0 972 60
Press ENT key to transmit longitude to all IRUs
ENT
GX_16_016
Press HDG STS key and observe time to complete

HDG
alignment in right display STS

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
Enter the magnetic heading when the attitude mode has been selected.
NAV NAV NAV

ALN ATT ALN ATT ALN ATT
Ensure IRS mode
selector is set to ATT OFF OFF OFF
IRS 1 IRS 3 IRS 2
Press appropriate SYSTEM SELECT key
SYSTEM SELECT
1 2 3 N 47 3 2 5 W1 221 25
Press HDG STS HDG

STS - - - W At t
Press Latitude (example KICT)
1 9 3
BCK
0 N 19 3 0 At t
GX_16_017
Press ENT key to transmit heading to all IRUs

ENT
NOTE
For more information, refer to the LASERTRACK Navigation
Display Unit of the Pilot’s Manual.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
NDU SCHEMATIC
IRU 1 IRU 2 IRU 3
888888 8888888
FROM TO WPT
ON
8 8 1
N
2
3
W 5 E
4 6
LEG XTK DIS
WPT
CHG DTK TIM S
7 9
8
TK WD HDG BCK
POS
GS WS STS ENT 0 CLR
SYSTEM SELECT FAULT
GX_16_018
M BRT
1 2 3 TST
T DIM
IAC 1 IAC 2 IAC 3

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
INERTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM

The inertial sensors consist of three ring laser gyros and three accelerometers. The
accelerometers measure linear motion along the longitudinal, lateral and vertical axis.
The ring laser gyros measure angular motion about the longitudinal, lateral and
vertical axis.
The Inertial Reference System (IRS) provides attitude, directional, position and 3-axis
rate/accelerometer data to the following airplane systems:
• PFDs and MFDs
• Weather radar system
• AFCS
• EGPWS
• TCAS
• Stall protection system
• Fuel system
• Flight data recorder
• Air data computer
• FMS
Each IRS computer (IRS 1, IRS 2, IRS 3) receives true airspeed and altitude from the
applicable air data system. In the event of a failure of the air data input, the backup
input should be manually selected using the reversion control panel.
The IRS mode select panel, located on the pedestal, is used to initialize the IRS and to
select NAV or ATT modes.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
IRS Mode Switches

OFF – Removes power from IRS.
Power down mode, IRS will turn off
in approximately 10 seconds.
NAV NAV NAV
ALN – Aligns IRS in approximately ALN ATT ALN ATT ALN ATT
7 minutes (time to align will differ
with temperature and latitude) OFF OFF OFF
NAV – Normal operating mode,
selected after ALN completed
ATT – Reversionary mode, used IRS 1 IRS 3 IRS 2
to provide attitude information,
in the event of NAV mode failure
LIM HDG AP1 ASEL ATT2
200 SPD VAPP VNAV ADC1 3000
70
500
AT1
60 9500
20 20 VTA
NOTE: During IRS initialization 50
ATT
the PFD is in a failure mode. 10 FAIL 10
40
1 20
030 01 00
10000
80
9 60
10 10
0
20 20
00
0.856M 210 BARO 29.92 IN
– –.–NM VS 0
FMS1 SRP 3
N
DTK 33 3
2
––– HDG
30
6
FAIL 1
W
E
0
24
12
GX_16_019
15
21 S 2
HDG
3
–––
At an IRS internal temperature between - 54°C and - 40°C, the power supply will turn
on, but normal alignment will not start until IRS temperature is >- 40°C. The IRS will
not go to NAV mode until the internal temperature of IRS reaches - 15°C.
LOW TEMPERATURE ALIGNMENT
IRS INTERNAL TEMPERATURE (°C) TIME TO COMPLETE ALIGNMENT (MIN.)

<-12.5 16
-12.5 to -10.0 15
-10.0 to -7.5 14
-7.5 to -5.0 13
-5.0 to -2.5 12
-2.5 to 0 11
>0 7
Inertial reference accuracies are achieved for alignments between ± 78.25° of latitude.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
The IRS requires that the initial position be entered from either flight management
system (FMS) control display unit (CDU) via the POS INIT page.
NOTE
Aircraft must be stationary during the alignment. If the aircraft is
moved, the mode select switch must be set to OFF for a
minimum of three seconds before the align mode can be
reestablished.
Align downmode is possible, once the IRS is in navigation mode, by selecting the
NAV/ATT switch from NAV to ALN for a minimum of three seconds until ATT FAIL
appears and back to NAV. Velocity errors are corrected and tilt errors are removed to
correct the pitch and roll angles. The total rapid realignment time is 30 seconds.
Present position is optional to be reentered.
The reversion control panel, located on the pedestal, is used for pilot reversion of the
IRS.
NORM ALTN ALTN 2 NORM ALTN 1 ALTN NORM

ALTN 3
PFD 1 EICAS PFD 2
PFD 1 PFD 2
IRS ADC ADC IRS
NORM ALTN NORM ALTN NORM ALTN

GX_16_020
SG 1 SG 3 SG 2
Pilot's Side IRS Switches Copilot's Side

Normally fed as follows: Used to select Normally fed as follows:
• IRS 1 – if reverted then reversion on • IRS 2 – if reverted then
• IRS 3 – if reverted then appropriate IRS • IRS 3 – if reverted then
• IRS 2 • IRS 1

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
The reversionary attitude mode, which provides attitude, heading, rate and
acceleration data, but not position data, may be selected when navigation mode is not
available. This condition may occur in the air, following a power interrupt or transient
system fault. Attitude alignment takes 1 minute from power off to ATT mode or 34
seconds from NAV to ATT mode, provided the airplane is stationary on the ground or
in straight and level flight. If excessive motion is detected, the attitude alignment is
run for an additional 20 seconds. Once attitude alignment is complete, heading is
entered from the FMS. Heading entries may be made, while the IRS is in the attitude
mode, to correct for heading drift.
CAUTION
During flight, navigation reference is lost if the MSU mode
select switch is set away from NAV.
NOTE
IRS will not restart or realign on airplane battery bus power. If
airplane primary power is lost, IRS can continue to operate on
airplane direct battery bus power.
NDU
WX
SPC
SPC 888888 8888888
GPWS SPC FROM TO WPT
GPWS
DAU 1 ON
8 8 1
N
2
3
DAU 2 W E
5
4 6
LEG XTK DIS
WPT
CHG DTK TIM 7 S
9
8
TK WD HDG BCK
POS
GS WS STS ENT 0 CLR
SYSTEM SELECT FAULT
M BRT
1 2 3 TST
T DIM
LASERTRACK
IRU 1 IRU 3 IRU 2 (IF INSTALLED)
ASCB
NAV NAV NAV

ALN ATT ALN ATT ALN ATT
OFF OFF OFF

GX_16_021
IRS 1 IRS 3 IRS 2

IRS MODE SELECTOR PANEL

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
LASEREF IV DIFFERENCES
The differences between Global aircraft installed with the LASEREF IV and the
aircraft installed with LASEREF III are as follows:
• 9 pounds lighter
• Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) 17,000 flight hours versus 7000 for
LASEREF III
• Consumes less power
• Auto NAV Realign function anytime the aircraft is not moving. Zeroes out velocity
errors
• Updated MAG MAPS

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
WEATHER RADAR (WX)

The weather radar control panel, located on the pedestal, controls GAIN, RADAR
modes, TILT and Lightning Sensor System (LSS) (if installed). It also enables
turbulence (TRB) mode, antenna stabilization (STAB), target alert (TGT) and sector
scan (SECT).
STAB ON/OFF Button SECT Button

Used to enable or disable Used to select either
antenna stabilization. the normal scan (120°)
or alternate scan (60°).
TRB Button TGT Button

Used to determine if turbulence Used to detect weather
is present in WX mode at 50 NM conditions beyond
or less. selected range.
TRB STAB TGT SECT
WX RCT SBY LX
PULL SBY GMAP OFF CLR PULL +
VAR TST
ACT
OFF FP
GX_16_022
TST –
MIN MAX
GAIN RADAR LSS TILT
GAIN Knob TILT Knob

Used to control Used to select tilt angle.
receiver gain. Clockwise rotation tilts
beam upward to +15°,
counterclockwise tilts the
beam downward to -15°.
RADAR Rotary Knob Lightning Sensor System (LSS)

Used to select the following functions: (if installed)
• OFF – Turns the radar system off. Used to select the following LSS
• SBY – Selects standby mode, stops operating modes:
antenna scan and transmitter. • OFF – Turns the LSS off.
• WX – Selects weather radar mode. • SBY – Selects standby mode.
• RCT – Selects rain echo attenuation • LX – Displays LSS data on MFD.
compensation technique. • CLR/TST – Selects test mode.
• GMAP – Selects ground mapping mode.
• FP – Selects flight plan mode.
• TST – Selects the radar test mode.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
The weather radar system provides a display of X-band radar detectable areas of
precipitation along and within 60° on either side of the airplane’s flightpath. Weather
radar returns, turbulence and lightning (if LSS installed) are displayed on the MFDs
(MAP mode only). A range of up to 300 NM from the airplane is selectable using the
up or down buttons on the MFD control panel.
HDG FMS1
315 360
WX Radar Range
N KLM
3 • 10 NM
33 TOC • 25 NM
KABC
• 50 NM
LUF
GHJ • 100 NM
30
6
• 200 NM
DEF • 300 NM
50 50
38 NOTE:
WX RADAR will
WX Mode 12 . 5NM synchronize to whatever
and Status ET DEF range is displayed on
Annunciation 00:10 0 . 05L ETE1+36 MFD (on power up).
WX TOC KLM SAT -56
T5.0 DEF GHJ TAT -40
G85% FL180
TAS 234
4000 4000
GSPD 345
GX_16_023
LX
Lightning
Annunciation
MAP MODE
RADAR ANTENNA
The antenna sweep is selectable for either 120° (60° each side of the airplane) or 60°
(30° each side). The antenna tilt is adjustable between - 15° (down) and + 15° (up).
The antenna maintains its stabilization with respect to the horizon regardless of the
airplane attitude (within - 15 to + 15°).
GX_16_024
HANDLE
WITH CARE
ANTENNA

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
MODE SELECTION
The weather radar operating modes, gain and antenna tilt functions are all controlled
by the two radar control panels. Both the pilot and copilot can look at different ranges
and tilt settings at the same time on their respective MFDs.
The weather radar modes and features are as follows:
- TRB. Momentarily pressing the TRB button enables the turbulence mode. When this
mode is selected, the radar determines if turbulence is present. TRB can only be
engaged in the WX mode and in selected ranges of 50 NM or less. The weather/
turbulence WX/T mode is annunciated in the status display. Areas of at least moderate
turbulence are shown in soft white.
WX/T TOC KLM SAT -56

TRB STAB TGT SECT T5.0 DEF GHJ TAT -40
G85% FL180
TAS 234
4000 4000
GSPD 345
LX
N
33 3
30
GX_16_025
50 50
- STAB. The STAB button turns the pitch and roll stability ON and OFF. The
stabilization system uses IRS as a reference. It is also used to override forced standby
and get radar display on the ground (press 4 times in 3 seconds). STAB is annunciated
(in amber) in the status display.
WX TOC KLM SAT -56

TRB STAB TGT SECT T5.0 DEF GHJ TAT -40
G85% FL180
TAS 234
STAB 4000 4000
GX_16_026
GSPD 345
Annunciation
- TGT. Target alert monitors for red or magenta weather conditions (rainfall rate)
beyond the selected range, 7.5° on each side of the airplane heading, and is selectable
in all but the 300 NM range. If such weather is detected outside the selected range, the
TGT alert annunciation changes from green armed to an amber alert condition on the
MFD WX Status display. When this warning is received, the pilot should select longer
ranges to view target alert. When TGT button is selected, TGT annunciation will
replace the GAIN annunciation in the status display.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
Rainfall Rate
Color
in/hr mm/hr TRB STAB TGT SECT
.04 to .16 1 to 4
.16 to .47 4 to 12
.47 to 2.0 12 to 50
WX TOC KLM
>2 >50 SAT -56
T5.0 DEF GHJ
RAINFALL COLOR CODING TAT -40
TGT FL180
TAS 234
TGT will be displayed as TGT (flashing), if red STAB 4000 4000
GX_16_027
GSPD 345
or magenta is detected outside selected range.
- SECT. The normal radar sweep is ± 60° from the airplane nose at a rate of 12
sweeps/min. Pressing SECT button reduces the angle of sweep to ± 30° at a rate of 24
sweeps/min. Pressing the SECT button again returns to normal sweep. Both the pilot’s
and copilot’s displays will show the same sweep angle.
TRB STAB TGT SECT
N N
33 3 33 3
30
30
6
GX_16_028
50 50 50 50
120° ARC 60° ARC
- GAIN. The GAIN knob is a rotary control and push/pull switch that is used to
control the receiver gain. Push on the GAIN switch to enable the preset calibrated gain
mode. Calibrated gain is the normal mode and is used for weather avoidance. Pull out
on the GAIN switch to enable the variable gain mode. Variable gain is used to provide
additional weather analysis and for ground mapping. In WX mode, variable gain
receiver sensitivity can be increased to show weak targets or can be reduced to
eliminate weak returns.
WX RCT WX TOC KLM
PULL SBY GMAP SAT -56
VAR T5.0 DEF GHJ TAT -40
OFF FP FL180
G85% TAS 234
TST 4000 4000
GX_16_029
MIN MAX GSPD 345

GAIN RADAR
Annunciation
Displayed only when switch is
pulled out (variable gain)

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
WX SYSTEM OPERATION
The RADAR rotary knob is used to select the following functions:
- OFF. Turns the radar off. The system is no longer radiating and the antenna is
stowed.
WX RCT WX/OFF TOC KLM

OFF FP FL180
TGT TAS 234
TST 4000 4000
GX_16_030
MIN MAX GSPD 345
GAIN RADAR
Annunciation
- SBY. Places the radar system in standby mode. It takes approximately 45 seconds for
the system to warm up after being switched out of SBY.
WX RCT STBY TOC KLM
OFF FP FL180
TGT TAS 234
TST 4000 4000
GX_16_031
MIN MAX GSPD 345
GAIN RADAR
Annunciation
- WX. Selects the weather detection mode of operation. When WX is selected,

airplane in-flight, the system is fully operational and all parameters are set for enroute
weather detection. If the rotary knob is moved directly from OFF to WX, the system
will first go into SBY for approximately 45 seconds, then become active. There is also
a hidden mode, Forced Standby FSBY. This mode is enabled automatically on the
ground, if the airplane is powered up, with the radar selected to WX. To exit FSBY,
push STAB button 4 times within 3 seconds. This mode prevents the radar from
radiating, thereby protecting the ground personnel from radiation exposure.
WX RCT WX TOC KLM

OFF FP FL180
TGT TAS 234
TST 4000 4000
GSPD 345
MIN MAX
GX_16_032
GAIN RADAR
Annunciation
- RCT. Enables the Rain Echo Attenuation Compensation Technique (REACT). The
REACT compensates for attenuation of the radar signal as it passes through rainfall.
Strong targets (high attenuation levels) cause the receiver to reach its maximum gain
value in a short time/short range. Weak targets (low attenuation levels) cause the
receiver to reach its maximum gain in a longer time/longer range. When this
maximum gain value is reached, a cyan background field will appear. Any target
inside of the cyan area will appear in magenta color, indicating maximum severity.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
WX RCT WX/RCT TOC KLM

OFF FP FL180
TGT TAS 234
TST 4000 4000
GSPD 345
MIN MAX
GAIN RADAR
Annunciation
N
33 3
30
GX_16_033
25 25
- GMAP. Selects the ground mapping mode. The auto TILT control is turned down
until the amount of terrain is displayed. The color scheme is changed to cyan (least
reflective return), yellow (moderate return) and magenta (strong return).
WX RCT GMAP TOC KLM

OFF FP FL180
TGT TAS 234
TST 4000 4000
GSPD 345
MIN MAX
GAIN RADAR
Annunciation
N
33 3
30
GX_16_034
100 100
- FP. Selects the flight plan mode. This clears the screen of radar data so ancillary data
can be displayed, such as navigation displays and lightning data. In the FP mode the
radar RTA is put to standby and the FPLN legend is displayed in the mode field.
WX RCT FPLN TOC KLM

VAR DEF GHJ TAT -40
OFF FP FL180
TAS 234
TST 4000 4000
GSPD 345
GX_16_035
MIN MAX
GAIN RADAR
Annunciation

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
- TST. Selects the test mode. The test position selects a special test pattern, to verify
system operation.When the TEST is complete, the radar enters the FSBY mode.
WX RCT HDG FMS1

PULL SBY GMAP 059
VAR 059
OFF FP
TST 6
MIN MAX E
GAIN RADAR 3
12
N 50 50
-- . -NM
DVT
ETE1+36
Annunciation TEST SAT 14
T 5.0 TAT 14
34
TAS 0
GX_16_036
GSPD 0
TERR
LX/OFF INHIB
NOTE
Operating techniques to improve radar life:
1. The best way for an operator to improve radar life is to use it

only when it is needed. For example, it is not needed:
- During flights in VFR conditions.
- On a long flight, if the radar is needed for departure and no
enroute weather is expected, turn the radar off in cruise. It
can be turned back on if needed.
A good philosophy for radar operation during VFR conditions
is to operate the radar for half an hour or an hour at the start of
each flight day, and then turn it off for the rest of the day. This

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
will give the crew confidence that the radar is working and will
drive off any condensation.
2. There is no cause for concern that the radar may be harmed if
it has become cold-soaked at altitude during a flight and then
is turned on if needed, or that it will not turn on after a cold
soak. There is also no reason to worry that, if the radar is not
on during landing, the elevation drive mechanism could be
damaged by the slight ‘bump’ at touchdown.
3. For 10 kilowatt magnetrons, extended operation (several
hours at a time) in standby may actually be worse than
transmitting.
4. Despite point 3, ramp operations shall be limited to STBY.
TILT
The TILT rotary knob is used to manually select the tilt angle of the antenna.
Clockwise rotation of knob tilts the antenna upward to + 15° and counterclockwise
rotation of knob tilts antenna downward to - 15°. When the TILT knob is pulled out to
the Altitude Compensated Tilt position (Pull ACT), the antenna tilt is automatically
adjusted with regard to selected range and barometric altitude. The tilt control can fine
tune the tilt setting by ± 2°. When in ACT, an A symbol will appear following the
digital tilt readout.
TILT MANAGEMENT
The pilot can use tilt management techniques to minimize ground clutter when
viewing weather targets.
Assume the aircraft is flying over relatively smooth terrain that is equivalent to sea
level in altitude. The pilot must make adjustments for the effects of mountainous
terrain.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
The following figure helps to visualize the relationship between tilt angle, flight
altitude, and selected range. It shows:
• Distance above and below aircraft altitude that is illuminated by the flat-plate
radiator during level flight with 0° tilt
• Representative low altitude situation, with the antenna adjusted for 2.8° up-tilt
Altitude Compensated Tilt
T5.0 A
SBY LX
OFF CLR PULL + GMAP TOC KLM SAT -56
TST
ACT T5.0 DEF GHJ TAT -40
TGT FL180
TAS 234
4000 4000
– GSPD 345
LSS TILT
LX OFF
Annunciation
80,000
70,000
ELEVATION IN FEET
60,000 ZERO TILT

7,400 FT
29,000 FT
50,000 14,800 FT
CENTER OF RADAR BEAM
14,800 FT
30,000
5.6° 29,000 FT
20,000 7,400 FT
10,000
0
0 25 50 100
RANGE NAUTICAL MILES
40,000
ANTENNA ADJUSTED
FOR 2.8° UPTILT
ELEVATION IN FEET
30,000
14,800 FT AM
R BE
OF RADA
20,000
CE NTER
3,000 FT 7,400 FT
5.6° 14,800 FT
10,000
7,400 FT
GX_16_037
5,000
3,000 FT
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
RANGE NAUTICAL MILES

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
The following figure gives the approximate tilt settings at which ground targets begin
to be displayed on the image periphery for an 18-inch radiator. The range at which
ground targets can be observed is affected by the curvature of the earth, the distance
from the aircraft to the horizon, and altitude above the ground. As the tilt control is
rotated downward, ground targets first appear on the display at less than maximum
range.
To find the ideal tilt angle after the aircraft is airborne, adjust the TILT control so that
groundclutter does not interfere with viewing of weather targets. Usually, this can be
done by tilting the antenna downward in 1° increments until ground targets begin to
appear at the display periphery. Ground returns can be distinguished from strong storm
cells by watching for closer ground targets with each small downward increment of
tilt. The more the downward tilt, the closer the ground targets that are displayed.
When ground targets are displayed, move the tilt angle upward in 1° increments until
the ground targets begin to disappear. Proper tilt adjustment is a pilot judgment, but
typically the best tilt angle lies where ground targets are barely visible or just off the
radar image.
The figure gives the approximate tilt settings required for different altitudes and
ranges. If the altitude changes or a different range is selected, adjust the tilt control as
required to minimize ground returns.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
TILT
RAN
GE
DE
ITU
ALT
RANGE
SCALE LINE OF
(NM) 10 25 50 100 200 SIGHT
(NM)
ALTITUDE
(FEET)
40,000 -12 -8 246

(TILT LIMITED
35,000 -11 -8 230

REGION)
30,000 -10 -7 (LINE OF SIGHT LIMITED REGION) 213
25,000 -13 -9 -7 195
20,000 -11 -8 -6 174
15,000 -10 -7 -6 151
10,000 -13 -8 -6 -5 123
5,000 -9 -6 -5 87
4,000 -8 -6 -5 78
3,000 -7 -5 -5 67
2,000 -9 -5 -4 55
GX_16_042
1,000 -5 -4 39
Tilt angles shown are approximate. Where the tilt angle is not listed, the operator must
exercise good judgment.
NOTE
The line of sight distance is nominal. Atmospheric conditions and
terrain affect this value.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
LIGHTNING SENSOR SYSTEM (LSS) (IF INSTALLED)

The lightning sensor system is used to detect lightning. The LSS rotary knob is used to
select the following functions:
- OFF. Turns off the LSS (if installed)
SBY LX
TST
TGT FL180
TAS 234
4000 4000
–
GX_16_038
GSPD 345
LSS TILT
LX OFF
Annunciation
- SBY. Selects the LSS in standby mode. The data is inhibited, but LSS accumulates
data.
SBY LX
TST
TGT FL180
TAS 234
4000 4000
–
GX_16_039
GSPD 345
LSS TILT
STBY
Annunciation
- LX. LSS is fully operational and displays data on the MFD. As it is a passive
listening device, lighting display is available on ground.
SBY LX
TST
TGT FL180
TAS 234
4000 4000
– GSPD 345
LSS TILT
LX
Annunciation
Rate 1: Lightning rate of 2-15

N strokes in the last 2 minutes.
33 3
Rate 2: Lightning rate of 16-31
strokes in the last 2 minutes.
30
Rate 3: Lightning rate of >32

strokes in the last 2 minutes.
GX_16_040
ALERT: Range is indeterminate but

50 50 bearing accurately determined.
Azimuth should be closely monitored.
- CLR/TST. LSS accumulated data is cleared from memory. After 3 seconds the test
mode is initiated.
SBY LX
TST
TGT FL180
TAS 234
4000 4000
–
GX_16_041
GSPD 345
LSS TILT
LX/T
Annunciation

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
WEATHER RADAR SCHEMATIC
PILOT’S WX CONTROLLER COPILOT’S WX CONTROLLER
TRB STAB TGT SECT TRB STAB TGT SECT
WX RCT SBY LX WX RCT

PULL SBY GMAP OFF CLR PULL + PULL SBY GMAP PULL +
VAR TST VAR
ACT ACT
OFF FP OFF FP
TST – TST –
MIN MAX MIN MAX
GAIN RADAR LSS TILT GAIN RADAR TILT
WOW WOW
IAC 1 IAC 1
MFD IAC 2 IAC 2 MFD
Controller Controller
IAC 3 IAC 3
1 2
WX RECEIVER/
TRANSMITTER/
ANTENNA
WOW
DU 2 DU 5
HDG FMS1 HDG FMS1
315 360 315 360
N KLM N KLM
33 3 33 3
TOC TOC
GHJ GHJ
30
30
6
DEF DEF
IRU 1 IRU 2
5 5 5 5
NM NM
0 . 05L ETE 1+36 0 . 05L ETE 1+36

WX TOC KKLM WX TOC KKLM
SAT -56 SAT -56
GX_16_043
KDEF KGHJ TAT -40 KDEF KGHJ TAT -40

FL180 FL180
TAS 234 TAS 234
4000 4000 4000 4000
GSPD 345 GSPD 345
LX CAIMS LX

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
TRAFFIC ALERT AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM (TCAS)

The TCAS is an airborne system that interrogates ATC transponders in nearby
airplanes to identify and display potential and predicted collision threats, within 700
feet of closest point of approach. TCAS monitors a radius of up to 120 nautical miles
(optional above 40 miles) about the airplane, computes range, bearing and closure rate
of up to 12 other transponder equipped airplanes relative to the “own” airplane. TCAS
and ATC transponder modes are set on the RMUs.
Active (interrogated) range is possible up to 70 to 100 miles depending on
atmospheric conditions. Passive range to a distance of 120 miles is possible if the
intruder aircraft has TCAS 2000 change 7 and a GPS installed.
The system provides appropriate aural and visual cues to the flight crew when TCAS
computer analysis of an airplane signal predicts a penetration of TCAS protected
airspace.
TARGET/THREAT ADVISORIES
The system provides four types of advisories:
• Resolution Advisory – Resolution advisories (RA) symbols (red square) appear on
the MFD, when target(s) is predicted to penetrate the protected vertical envelope in
less than 30 seconds. An ADI pitch target is displayed during an RA. The red
avoidance zone indicates pitch targets that should be avoided and the green
rectangle is the fly-to-zone. An RA can be issued if the intruder is mode C or mode
S equipped. If the threat aircraft is itself equipped with mode S, a coordination
procedure is performed before displaying it to the flight crew. This procedure
assures that the advisories in each aircraft are compatible
• Traffic Advisory – Traffic advisories (TA) symbols (amber circle) appear on the
MFD, when target(s) is projected to converge with the TCAS equipped airplane in
less than 45 seconds, with the closest point of approach being inside a minimum
vertical separation envelope. Traffic advisories are generated for aircraft with
operative mode S, mode C, or mode A transponders. The relative bearing and
range of the intruder are displayed
• Proximity Traffic – Proximity Traffic (PT) symbols (cyan diamond) appear on the
MFD when non-threat airplane(s) which have a flightpath that approaches the
collision area. The PT symbol is displayed if the target does not qualify for a TA
but is currently within 6.5 NM and 1200 feet of the TCAS airplane
• Other Traffic – Other Traffic (OT) symbols (empty cyan diamond) appear on the
MFD to indicate targets outside of the 1200-foot relative altitude region of PT, up
to the TCAS range set by the pilot, and a relative altitude difference of 2,700 feet
The TCAS system provides no indication of traffic conflicts if the intruder airplane is
without an operative transponder.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
TRAFFIC IDENTIFICATION
COLLISION
AREA
WARNING
AREA
CAUTION AREA
RA
20-30
SECONDS
TA
34-45
SECONDS
RA
GX_16_044
TA
NOTE:
For every aircraft within detection range, similar Cautio
and Warning area patterns exist.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
TCAS MODES
The following TCAS modes are selectable on the RMU:
• TA/RA Mode – Normal operation mode providing full TCAS coverage. TCAS
tracks up to 12 airplanes in the surrounding airspace and generates TAs and RAs as
required
• TA ONLY Mode – TCAS tracks all PT airplanes and generates TAs, no RAs.
Automatically selected when airplane is flying under 1100 feet AGL climbing and
900 AGL descending
• TEST Mode – Pressing the TST button on the RMU, will start a self-test program
that will verify proper operation of the TA and RA displays and of the aural
advisories. The TEST mode does not affect normal TCAS operation. Should an
actual TA or RA occur during TEST sequence, the test is automatically terminated
and the advisory is announced and displayed
ATC/TCAS MODE SELECT

ATC/TCAS operations are controlled by the adjacent line keys and the tuning knobs. If
the transponder code is changed on one RMU, it will also change on the other RMU.
The modes are:
• ATC ON - Replies on Modes S and A, no altitude reporting
• ATC ALT - Replies on Modes A, C, and S, with altitude reporting
• STANDBY - Transponder in standby mode
• TA ONLY - TCAS traffic advisory mode selected
• TA/RA - TCAS traffic advisory/resolution advisory mode selected
COM1 NAV1
121.82 108.30
11 8 . 0 2 DME IZZ
MEMORY-4 111 . 9 0
ATC/TCAS ADF1
1200 1799.5
TA ONLY ADF
NOTE:
Pressing adjacent line key will TCAS DSPY 1 HF1
annunciate STANDBY or RANGE: 6 15423
displayed mode. LV
NORMAL 1 5 6 0 0
TUNE
NOTE:
SQ DIM 1/2 STO
GX_16_045
Rotating the tuning knob will

select ATC ON, ATC ALT, TA
ID PGE TST DME ONLY, or TA/RA

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
The PGE function key provides access to a page menu. The menu allows access to the
TCAS operational selections.
ATC/TCAS CONTROL PAGE INTRUDER ALTITUDE

INTRUDER ALTITUDE: REL Target's altitude displayed relative to one’s
REL own airplane.
Target's altitude displayed as a flight level,
FL for 20 seconds, then returns to REL.
TA DISPLAY: AUTO
TA DISPLAY
Traffic targets displayed only when a TA or
AUTO RA target condition exists.
All traffic targets displayed within the viewing
ATC ALTITUDE 1 2500 MANUAL airspace.
ATC ALTITUDE
RETURN TO
RADIOS 1 (2) Indicates that the transponder selected on the
main tuning page is communicating at a
displayed pressure altitude. This is not a
GX_16_046
TUNE control feature, only a cross check.
RETURN TO Returns to main tuning page.
SQ DIM 1/2 STO RADIOS
ID PGE TST DME

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
TCAS DSPY 1 (2) SELECT
COM1 NAV1
121.82 108.30
11 8 . 0 2 DME IZZ
MEMORY-4 111 . 9 0
ATC/TCAS ADF1
Range – Selectable at 6, 12,
20 and 40 NM. 1200 1799.5
1 ATC ALT ADF
(80 and 120 NM optional)
TCAS DSPY 1 HF1
RANGE: 6 15423
LV
Altitude Band Select NORMAL 1 5 6 0 0
NORMAL – With TA display set to NOTE:
AUTO, ± 1200 feet TCAS display Rotate the tuning knob
altitude. With TA display set to to change the range
MANUAL, ± 2700 feet TCAS when adjacent line
TUNE select key is selected.
display altitude.
ABOVE – + 7000 feet, - 2700 feet SQ DIM 1/2 STO Rotate the tuning knob
TCAS display altitude. to change the altitude
GX_16_047
band select when
BELOW – 7000 feet, + 2700 feet ID PGE TST DME
adjacent line select
TCAS display altitude.
key is selected.
TCAS MODE SELECT ANNUNCIATION

The indications for intruder alert and altitude band selections are as follows:
ABOVE
TCAS
+ 10 ABOVE
12 . 5NM
TCAS
DVT
ETA 1915Z
TOC PHX
6 DVT SRP
FL180
4000 4000
GX_16_048
TCAS ZOOM WINDOW MFD (MAP FORMAT)
The indications for TCAS TEST are as follows:
360
TCAS TEST
N
33 3
+ 20 + 10
- 11
30
6
6
+ 03 - 04
GX_16_049
- 03 + 12
5 5 TCAS TEST
12.5 NM
“TCAS TEST” (when test initiated), then

“TCAS TEST PASS” or
“TCAS TEST FAIL”

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
TCAS SYMBOLOGY
DATA TAGS DEFINITION
Up-Arrow ↑ Indicates climbing traffic.
Down-Arrow ↓ Indicates descending traffic.
Plus Sign (+) Relative altitude threat, airplane is above own airplane.
Minus Sign (-) Relative altitude threat, airplane is below own airplane.
THREAT LEVEL CAUSE SYMBOL
Intruding aircraft is 100 feet above and descending at

Resolution Advisory (RA)
least 500 feet per minute. +01
Intruding aircraft level with and not climbing or

Traffic Advisory (TA)
descending.
Traffic is 1,200 feet below and climbing at least 500

Proximity Traffic (PT)
feet per minute.
-12
GX_16_050
Traffic is 2,700 feet above and descending at least 500 +27
Other Traffic (OT)
feet per minute.
DIGITIZED VOICE
TCAS will provide voice warnings. The voice warnings cannot be canceled or reduced
in volume. TA voice warning is TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC.
RA voice warnings are:
• ADJUST VERTICAL SPEED, ADJUST
• CLIMB, CLIMB
• DESCEND, DESCEND
• MONITOR VERTICAL SPEED
• CLEAR OF CONFLICT
• CLIMB, CROSSING CLIMB, CLIMB, CROSSING CLIMB
• DESCENT, CROSSING DESCENT, DESCENT, CROSSING DESCENT
• INCREASE CLIMB, INCREASE CLIMB
• INCREASE DESCENT, INCREASE DESCENT
• CLIMB – CLIMB NOW, CLIMB – CLIMB NOW
• DESCEND – DESCEND NOW, DESCEND – DESCEND NOW
• MAINTAIN VERTICAL SPEED, MAINTAIN
• MAINTAIN VERTICAL SPEED, CROSSING MAINTAIN
• CLIMB, CROSSING CLIMB – CLIMB, CROSSING CLIMB
• DESCENT, CROSSING DESCENT – DESCENT, CROSSING DESCENT

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
RESOLUTION ADVISORIES
TCAS resolution advisories and status messages are displayed on the PFDs. The
vertical maneuver is also accompanied by TCAS voice warnings.
RESOLUTION ADVISORY INDICATION
20 20
Green rectangle advises pilot to fly-to-zone
Red avoidance zone advises pilot to fly out
10 10 of, or do not enter indicated area.
“CLEAR”
10 10 OF
“CONFLICT”
20 20
“CLIMB,”
“CLIMB”
“DESCEND,”
“DESCEND” GX_16_051
INDICATION CORRECTIVE ACTION

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
TCAS STATUS MESSAGES

TCAS status messages are annunciated as follows:
3 TCAS FAIL – Indicates TCAS failure

2 TCAS TEST – Indicates a functional test is in
progress
1
TCAS STBY – Indicates TCAS is selected and
0 1000 transponder is in STBY
TA ONLY – Indicates that TCAS has been
1
selected to traffic advisories only or
GX_16_052
2 below 900 AGL in a descent or
TCAS Status 3 below 1100 AGL in a climb.
Message Area TCAS FAIL
RA FAIL – Indicates resolution advisory failure
TCAS ZOOM WINDOW

TCAS zoom window is displayed on either or both MFDs and is selected on the MFD
control panel, located on the pedestal. Ranges of 6-12-20 and 40 NM (80 and 120 NM
optional) can be selected by using the RMU. The 80 NM and 120 NM option is
available if the Change 7 software is installed in the TCAS computer unit and TCAS
range 80/120 - Enable is selected on the RMU setup page. This also requires a
maintenance modification to TCAS strapping.
MAP NAV
TCAS MENU TERR
PLAN APT
SKP PAG
NORM ABN EMER
RCL ENT
HDG MAG2
360 FMS1
315
N KLM
33 3
KABC TOC
LUF
GHJ
30
DEF
5 5
12 . 5NM
+ 10 DVT
TCAS ETE1+36
SAT -56
WX - 04 + 12 TAT -40
T5 . 0 - 02 TAS 234
GX_16_053
GSPD 345
LX
TCAS Zoom 2 Mile Range Ring – Only Range Arc

shown when range is <20 NM.
When range is >20 NM, a half
range arc will appear.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
TCAS TRAFFIC DISPLAY (MAP FORMAT)

TCAS display can also be overlayed on MAP format and is also selected through the
TCAS button on the MFD control panel. TCAS cannot be displayed on PLAN format.
MAP NAV
TCAS MENU TERR
PLAN APT
SKP PAG
NORM ABN EMER
RCL ENT
The button sequence is as follows: NOTE:

NOT SHOW – TCAS ZOOM WINDOW – TCAS OVERLAY – TCAS STBY,
TCAS ZOOM WINDOW – TCAS ZOOM WINDOW – NOT SHOWN TA ONLY,
TCAS
TCAS FAIL (amber),
TCAS TEST(red)
are available annunciation.
HDG FMS1 HDG FMS1

315 360 315 360
N PHX N KPHX
33 3 33 3
TOC + 10 TOC
LUF LUF
SRP KSRP
30
30
- 04
6
DVT KDVT 6
+ 12
25 25 25 25
TCAS
12.5 NM 12.5 NM
DVT DVT
ETE1+36 ETE1+36
WX TOC PHX SAT -56 WX TOC PHX SAT -56
T4.0
DVT SRP TAT -40 DVT SRP TAT -40
FL180 FL180
TAS 234 TAS 234
4000 4000 4000 4000
GSPD 345 GSPD 345
GX_16_054
LX LX
TCAS NOT SHOWN TCAS OVERLAY
NOTE
TCAS overlay is the default condition on the MFD on power-up.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
TCAS SCHEMATIC
DIRECTIONAL
ANTENNA
TCAS
WOW
RECEIVER/TRANSMITTER
OMNI-DIRECTIONAL
ANTENNA
Synthesized
Voice
AUDIO
INTEGRATED
SYSTEM
RADIO TA/RA DISPLAY DATA 1

ALTIMETER
SYSTEM TA/RA DISPLAY DATA 2 IAC 1,2,3
FLIGHT
ATC DATA
TRANSPONDER RECORDER
1,2
VHF COM SYSTEM
DAU 4
ADVISORY
GX_16_055
DISCRETES
ALT>15000FT EICAS
ADC 1,2,3
AIR DATA COMPUTER

SYSTEM

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
ENHANCED GROUND PROXIMITY WARNING SYSTEM (EGPWS)

The primary purpose of the EGPWS is to provide alerts and warnings to avoid
controlled flight into terrain, and to provide detected windshear warning.
The EGPWS is categorized into 7 modes. The basic GPWS function is comprised of
modes 1 through 6. The windshear function and the enhanced feature, terrain
awareness alerting and display function is mode 7. Mode 7 is what promotes a basic
GPWS to EGPWS.
The Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning Computer (EGPWC) processes all inputs
and provides all aural and visual alerts and warnings. The following priority, from
highest to lowest, is used to determine which annunciation is displayed if more than
one is active:
WIND
SHEAR
PULL
UP
GND
PROX
GX_16_056
WIND
SHEAR
An alert annunciation indicates potential for impact with terrain. A warning

annunciation indicates a prediction for impact with terrain. All annunciations are
displayed on pilot’s and copilot’s PFDs.
The MFD control panel provides for the selection of the Terrain display on the
respective MFD.
TERR Button
Used to enable terrain display.
MAP NAV
TCAS MENU TERR
PLAN APT
SKP PAG
GX_16_057
NORM ABN EMER

RCL ENT
For more information, see Chapter 7, Electronic Display Systems.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
The EGPWS control panel provides for the selection of G/S WARN (MUTED), FLAP
OVRD (OVRD) and TERRAIN (OFF).
G/S WARN Switch FLAP OVRD Switch

Used to mute glideslope Used to mute flap aural warning
warning. Localizer only when flaps are not properly
approach. configured for landing.
EGPWS
G/S WARN FLAP OVRD TERRAIN
MUTED OVRD OFF
GX_16_058
TERRAIN Switch
Used to inhibit terrain clearance floor,
terrain awareness alerting and display
functions (in a case where landing at
an airport, that is not in the database).

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
EGPWS MODES
EGPWS modes are as follows:
Mode 1 – Excessive Descent Rate

Mode 1 provides aural and visual alerts and warnings in the event that the EGPWC
determines that the rate of descent is excessive with respect to airplane altitude. The
mode is active when the airplane is less than 2500 feet AGL. Mode 1 uses radio
altitude and vertical speed inputs.
The annunciation envelope consists of two areas: alert and warning.
• Penetration of the alert area will annunciate a GND PROX alert on the PFD and
generate an aural “SINKRATE SINKRATE”. The aural alert will be annunciated
once, and will be repeated only if condition degrades by more than 20% based on
computed time to impact. The visual alert will remain until the condition is
rectified
• Penetration of the warning area will annunciate a EGPWS alert on the PFD and
generate an aural “WHOOP, WHOOP, PULL UP” warning. The aural warning is
annunciated continuously until the condition is rectified
20 20 20 20
“SINKRATE” 10 10 “PULL UP” 10 10

“SINKRATE” GND “PULL UP” PULL
PROX UP
3000
2500
RADIO ALTITUDE (FEET)
2000 “SINKRATE, SINKRATE”

“SINKRATE”
“PULL UP”
1500
“SINKRATE”
1000
“PULL UP”
“PULL UP”
GX_16_059
500
2000 4000 6000 8000 10000
DESCENT RATE (FEET/MINUTE)

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
Mode 2 – Excessive Terrain Closure Rate

Mode 2 provides alerts and warnings when the EGPWC detects that the closure rate
between the airplane and terrain is excessive. The airplane need not be in descent,
rising terrain may be encountered in level flight, or the terrain may be rising at a rate
greater than the airplane rate of climb. Mode 2 uses radio altitude and vertical speed
inputs.
Mode 2 has two submodes: Mode 2A and Mode 2B.
• Mode 2A – Activated when flaps are not in the landing position. Penetration of the
alert area will annunciate a GND PROX on the PFD and generate an aural
“TERRAIN, TERRAIN”. The aural is annunciated once and the visual alert will
remain until the condition is rectified. Penetration of the warning area will
annunciate a PULL UP alert on the PFD and generate an aural “PULL UP”
warning. The aural and visual warnings are annunciated continuously until the
condition is rectified
20 20 20 20
“TERRAIN” 10 10 “PULL UP” 10 10

“TERRAIN” GND “PULL UP” PULL
PROX UP
3000
2500
“TERRAIN TERRAIN”
2000
Speed Expansion “TERRAIN TERRAIN”

1500
1000
“PULL UP...”
“PULL UP!”
GX_16_060
500
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 1000
TERRAIN CLOSURE RATE (FEET/MIN)

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
• Mode 2B – Activated when flaps are in the landing configuration, or in the event
the flaps are up and the airplane is on an ILS approach and the glideslope and
localizer deviations are less than ± 2 dots and for 60 seconds after takeoff.
Penetration of the alert area will annunciate a GND PROX on the PFD and enable
an aural “TERRAIN, TERRAIN”. The aural and the visual alerts are annunciated
continuously and will remain until the condition is rectified. Penetration of the
warning area will annunciate a PULL UP alert on the PFD and generate an aural
“PULL UP” warning. The aural and visual warnings are annunciated continuously
until the condition is rectified. The Mode 2B warning envelope is inhibited at an
altitude below 30 feet AGL
20 20 20 20
“TERRAIN” 10 10 “PULL UP” 10 10

“TERRAIN” GND “PULL UP” PULL
PROX UP
3000
“TERRAIN
TERRAIN”
2500
“PULL UP”
2000
1500
1000
“TERRAIN TERRAIN”
GX_16_061
500
“PULL UP!”
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 1000

TERRAIN CLOSURE RATE (FEET/MIN)

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
Mode 3 – Altitude Loss After Takeoff

Mode 3 provides warnings when the EGPWC detects that a significant amount of
altitude is lost immediately after takeoff or during a go-around. Mode 3 uses radio
altitude, barometric altitude and altitude rate.
If a descent is initiated following takeoff or go-around, the EGPWC stores the altitude
value at which the descent began, and compares successive altitude data to the stored
value. Activation of the warning is induced when the minimum terrain clearance, as a
function of altitude lost, is exceeded.
Penetration of the alert area will annunciate a GND PROX alert on the PFD and
generate an aural “DON’T SINK, DON’T SINK” warning. The aural warning is
annunciated only once, unless the altitude value degrades by more than 20% from the
initially stored value, and again at each additional 20% degradation from the initially
stored value. This condition will remain until the airplane regains the initial altitude
value. Mode 3 is inhibited for radio altitude values in excess of 1500 feet.
20 20
“DON'T SINK” 10 10
GND
PROX
2500
2000
1500
“DON'T SINK”
1000
“DON’T SINK”
GX_16_062
500
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
ALTITUDE LOSS (FEET)

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
Mode 4 – Unsafe Terrain Clearance

Mode 4 provides alerts and warnings for insufficient terrain clearance based on
airplane phase of flight and airspeed. Mode 4 requires radio altitude, computed
airspeed, gear position and flap position inputs. The alert and warning envelopes are
based on minimum allowable terrain clearance as a function of computed airspeed.
Mode 4 is divided into 3 submodes: Mode 4A, Mode 4B and Mode 4C.
• Mode 4A – Active when the airplane is in cruise or approach phase of flight, and
the landing gear is not in the landing position. The alert envelope for Mode 4A
begins at 30 feet AGL and extends vertically to an altitude of 500 feet AGL.
Penetration of the alert area, above 190 knots, the upper boundary increases with
airspeed to a maximum of 1000 feet radio altitude at 250 knots or more, and will
annunciate a GND PROX message and generate a continuous aural “TOO LOW
TERRAIN” warning. Penetration of the alert area, below 190 knots, will
annunciate a GND PROX alert on the PFD and generate an aural “TOO LOW
GEAR” warning. The aural and visual remain until the airplane exits the envelope
20 20 20 20
“TOO LOW “TOO LOW

TERRAIN”
10 10 GEAR”
10 10
GND GND
PROX PROX
1500
MIN TERRAIN CLEARANCE (FEET)
UNSAFE TERRAIN CLEARANCE

GEAR UP, FLAPS UP
1000
500
“TOO LOW TERRAIN”
WARNING AREA
“TOO LOW, GEAR”
WARNING AREA
“TOO LOW 0 100 190 300 400

TERRAIN” COMPUTED AIRSPEED (KNOTS)
AIRCRAFT SLOWED TO
LESS THAN 190 KNOTS

“TOO LOW GEAR”
RUNWAY
GX_16_063

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
• Mode 4B – Active when the airplane is in cruise or approach phase of flight, and
the landing gear is in the landing position. The alert envelope for Mode 4B begins
at 30 feet AGL and extends vertically to an altitude of 245 feet AGL. Penetration
of the alert area, above 159 knots, will annunciate a GND PROX message and
generate a continuous aural “TOO LOW TERRAIN” warning. The aural and
visual remain until the airplane exits the envelope. Penetration of the alert area,
below 159 knots, will annunciate a GND PROX message on the PFD and generate
an aural “TOO LOW FLAP” warning
20 20 20 20
“TOO LOW 10 10 “TOO LOW 10 10

FLAPS” GND TERRAIN” GND
PROX PROX
1500
FLAP OVRD NOTE:
Flap aural “TOO LOW UNSAFE TERRAIN CLEARANCE

FLAPS” warning can be GEAR DN, FLAPS UP
OVRD silenced by the use of the

FLAP OVRD switch, 1000
located on the pedestal.
500
“TOO LOW, “TOO LOW TERRAIN”

FLAPS” WARNING AREA
245
WARNING
AREA
“TOO LOW 0
TERRAIN”
0 100 200 300 400
COMPUTED AIRSPEED (KNOTS)
AIRCRAFT SLOWED TO
LESS THAN 159 KNOTS
GEAR DOWN

“TOO LOW FLAPS”
RUNWAY
GX_16_064

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
• Mode 4C is based on a minimum terrain clearance, or floor, that increases with

radio altitude during takeoff. Any decrease in altitude below minimum terrain
clearance will annunciate a GND PROX message and generate an aural “TOO
LOW TERRAIN” warning
20 20
“TOO LOW 10 10
TERRAIN” GND
PROX
3000
UNSAFE TERRAIN CLEARANCE

GEAR UP, FLAPS UP
1500 FPM CLIMB RATE “TOO LOW
2000 TERRAIN”
TAKEOFF OVER FLAT TERRAIN
OR WATER
1000
Speed Expansion
GX_16_065
(>250 KNOTS) “TOO LOW TERRAIN”
WARNING AREA
(<190 KTS)
0
0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800


Sept 04
NAVIGATION
Mode 5 – Descent Below Glideslope

Mode 5 provides alert and warnings when the airplane descends below the glideslope
on an ILS approach. The alerts and warnings are annunciated in two distinct tones,
depending on the position of the airplane on the glideslope.
When the airplane descends more than 1.3 dots (but not more than 2 dots) below the
glideslope, a soft (6 dB) aural “GLIDESLOPE” is generated. If the airplane continues
to descend and deviates more than 2 dots below the glideslope, an aural
“GLIDESLOPE” warning is generated at the same volume level as all other warnings.
A GND PROX message is annunciated on the PFD. The aural and visual alerts and
warnings are continuously annunciated until the airplane exits the alert envelope.
GLIDESLOPE
(SOFT) GLIDESLOPE
20 20 20 20
10 10 10 10
GND GND
PROX PROX
1000
G/S WARN NOTE:
The “GLIDESLOPE” aural MODE 5 BELOW GLIDESLOPE ALERT
GEAR DOWN
warning can be muted,
RADIO ALTITUDE (FT)
MUTED using the G/S WARN

switch on the pedestal.
SOFT ALERT AREA
500
300
GX_16_066
HARD ALERT AREA
GLIDESLOPE BEAM 100
CENTER
SOFT
“GLIDESLOPE” 0 1 2 3 4
GLIDESLOPE DEVIATION (DOTS FLY UP)

HARD
“GLIDESLOPE” (Soft) Area “GLIDESLOPE”
“GLIDESLOPE” (Hard) Area

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
Mode 6 – Callouts
Mode 6 provides the following advisory alerts: transition through approach
minimums, altitude callouts on approach and excessive bank angles.
• Transition through the preset approach minimums, generates an aural
“MINIMUMS, MINIMUMS” warning. The warning function is enabled between
1000 feet and 10 feet radio altitude for DH minimums. The landing gear must be
down for activation of the warning
• An altitude callout function generates annunciation for descent below
predetermined altitudes. The aural “ONE HUNDRED”, “FIFTY” and “THIRTY”
indicates the transition through 100, 50 and 30 feet AGL. The last annunciated or
transition altitude is memorized. This will prevent the repeat annunciation of a
callout should the airplane transition through said altitudes again. The memory is
cleared and reset, once the airplane climbs to an altitude greater than 1000 feet, or
in the event a transition occurs from approach mode to takeoff mode.
• A “smart altitude callout” provides an aural “FIVE HUNDRED” at 500 feet radio
altitude during a nonprecision approach. The callout may be generated during a
precision approach if the airplane flightpath deviates greater than + 2 dots of either
the glideslope or localizer. The callout is also generated during a back course
approach. Note that these callouts can be programmed as required
“MINIMUMS” “ONE
HUNDRED”
“FIFTY”
RUNWAY
GX_16_067

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
• The excessive bank angle alert is a function of the roll angle with respect to
altitude above ground level. The alert envelope varies linearly from a 10° bank at
30 feet AGL and to 40° of bank at 150 feet AGL, to 55° of bank at 2450 feet AGL.
This will generate an aural “BANK ANGLE, BANK ANGLE”. The alert is
annunciated once, and will repeat if the bank angle increases by 20%. The alert
will be annunciated continuously if the bank angle is increased to 55°. The alert
will be annunciated until the bank angle is decreased below said value
2450’
“BANK ANGLE
BANK ANGLE”
RADIO ALTITUDE
GX_16_068
150’
30’
5’
55 40 10 10 40 55
BANK ANGLE-DEGREES
Mode 7 – Windshear Warning

Mode 7 provides alerts and warnings in the event that significant windshear is detected
by the EGPWC. Mode 7 is active during takeoff and landing phases of flight only,
between 10 and 1500 feet AGL. There are two types of windshear warnings:
increasing performance (updraft/headwind) and decreasing performance (down draft/
tailwind).
• For an increasing performance shear (updraft/headwind), an amber increasing
performance shear WINDSHEAR message is annunciated on the PFD and flashes
for 5 seconds, then remains steady
• For a decreasing performance shear (downdraft/tailwind), a decreasing
performance shear WINDSHEAR message in red is annunciated on the PFD and
flashes for 5 seconds, then remains steady, and an aural siren and “WINDSHEAR,
WINDSHEAR, WINDSHEAR” warning are activated.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
20 20 20 20 SIREN
WINDSHEAR
10 10 10 10 WINDSHEAR
WIND WIND WINDSHEAR
SHEAR SHEAR
INCREASING PERFORMANCE DECREASING PERFORMANCE
3000 UPDRAFT (FEET/MIN)
2000
WINDSHEAR CAUTION
1000 LAMP
DECREASING 6 4 2 0 0 2 4 6 INCREASING
HEADWIND HEADWIND
(KNOT/SEC) (KNOT/SEC)
“WINDSHEAR 1000
WINDSHEAR”
2000
3000 DOWNDRAFT (FEET/MIN)
WINDSHEAR
CAUTION LAMP
MICROBURST
“WINDSHEAR”
“WINDSHEAR”
“WINDSHEAR”
GX_16_069
RUNWAY
TERRAIN AWARENESS ALERTING

The terrain alerting function computes minimum terrain clearance envelopes for areas
along the flightpath of the airplane. The function uses accurate position information
from the GPS and a terrain database containing worldwide topographical relief
information in grid format.
The terrain display is available by pressing TERR button on the MFD control panel.
Terrain within 2000 feet of the airplane altitude is displayed. Terrain will
automatically pop up, in MAP mode, on MFD at a 10 NM range, if there is a terrain
threat caution at 60 seconds from impact.
When switching between “WX” and “TERR” on the MFD, the range remains the
same. However, when switching from “TERR” to “WX”, the range will move in steps
until it reaches the last range displayed when “WX” was active.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
When a terrain threat is detected, an aural “CAUTION TERRAIN, CAUTION

TERRAIN” is generated and GND PROX is annunciated on the PFD. When alerts are
activated, areas which meet the terrain threat, alert criteria are depicted yellow.
“CAUTION TERRAIN” 360

“CAUTION TERRAIN”
N
33 3
20 20 TOC
GHJ
30
6
10 10
GND
PROX
5 5
NOTE:
If in PLAN mode and auto pop-up occurs, MFD
format will automatically change to MAP mode,
with the terrain map displayed.
CAUTION
Look Ahead
Distance NG LE
PATH A
FLIGHT
Caution
Altitude
Floor
“CAUTION TERRAIN”
Detection Area
GX_16_070
When a collision with terrain is predicted, an aural “TERRAIN, TERRAIN, PULL UP,
PULL UP” warning is generated and PULL UP is annunciated on the PFD. When
warnings are activated, areas which meet the terrain collision alert criteria are depicted
red. Terrain will automatically pop up, in MAP mode, on MFD at a 10 NM range, if
there is a terrain warning at 30 seconds from impact.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
“TERRAIN, TERRAIN
PULL UP, PULL UP”
360
20 20
N TOC
33 3
GHJ
10 10PULL
UP
30
6
NOTE:
If in PLAN mode and auto pop-up occurs, MFD
format will automatically change to MAP mode, 5 5
with the terrain map displayed.
WARNING
Look
Ahead
Distance NG LE
PATH A
FLIGHT
WARNING
Altitude
Floor
“TERRAIN, PULL UP”

Detection Area
GX_16_071
ANNUNCIATIONS
All terrain annunciations are displayed on the MFD. The annunciations are as follows:
TERR Terrain has been selected.

TERR
Indicates a self-test.
TOC KLM TEST
SAT -56
DEF GHJ TAT -40 TERR Internal failure or loss of communication
FL180 FAIL with EFIS
TAS 234
4000 4000
GSPD 345 CNTRL Indicates loss of range control for terrain map
TERR FAIL
TERR
Position uncertain
GX_16_072
N/A
TERR Terrain clearance floor, terrain awareness
INHIBIT alerting and display functions.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
TERRAIN CLEARANCE FLOOR (TCF)

The TCF function supplements the EGPWS function by providing an additional
terrain clearance alert envelope around airports. The TCF criteria is used to determine
alert and warning envelopes.
TCF creates an increasing terrain clearance envelope around the intended airport
runway directly related to the distance from the runway. TCF alerts are based on
current airplane location, nearest runway center point position and radio altitude,
along with an integral database that includes all worldwide, hard-surfaced runways
greater than 3500 feet in length.
Penetration of the alert envelope will generate an aural “TOO LOW TERRAIN” and a
GND PROX message is displayed on the PFD. The aural alert is repeated twice, and
again thereafter if the radio altitude value decreases by more than 20% from the
altitude at which the initial warning was issued. The EGPWS message remains
displayed until the airplane exits the alert envelope.
20 20
“TOO LOW 10 10
TERRAIN” GND
PROX
“TOO LOW
700 AGL TERRAIN”
400 AGL
RUNWAY 4 NM 12 NM 15 NM
GX_16_073
4 12 15
DISTANCE TO SELECTED RUNWAY (NM)
NOTE
In a case where landing at an airport that is not in the database,
all TERRAIN functions can be inhibited, by selecting the
TERRAIN switch, located on the overhead panel.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FMS)

The FMS performs the functions of navigation, flight planning and guidance of the
airplane throughout the full flight regime in both Lateral Navigation (LNAV) and
Vertical Navigation (VNAV).
There are two Control Display Units (CDU), located on the pedestal. A third FMS
(optional) can also be installed on the pedestal. The displayed data is shown in the
following colors:
• Cyan (vertical & atmospheric data)
• Green (lateral and index selections)
• Yellow (FROM waypoint)
• Magenta (TO waypoint)
• Orange (flight plan names)
• White (prompts and titles)
FMS DISPLAY UNIT
Annunciators
Function Keys
Photo Sensor Photo Sensor

0ORIGIN PASS/@ LB0
KPHX
00000001152Z 0/170
0055°00154NM CLS
Line Select SJN
15820 (00+21 .75M/10000A Line Select
Keys Keys
0059°00121NM CLS
ABQ
15820 (00+15 .75M/10000A
Scratchpad
Function Keys
Brightness
Knob
Alpha Keypad
Infrared Port
Numeric
Keypad
GX_16_074
Delete Key Clear Key

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
ANNUNCIATORS
There are six annunciators located at the top of the Control Display Unit (CDU).
White annunciators indicates an advisory annunciation, amber annunciators indicate
an alerting annunciation.
Annunciators
GX_16_075
The annunciators are:

• DSPLY (Display) – is lit when the CDU displays:
• A flight plan page other than the first page of the active flight plan
• A stored flight plan page
• Any of the review pages for SIDs and STARs approaches
• A change active leg message
• An intercept waypoint is being defined on the active leg
• DR (Dead Reckoning) – is lit when operating in the DR mode for longer than 2
minutes. The DR mode is defined as the loss of radio updating and all other
position sensors (IRS and GPS)
• DGRAD (Degraded) – is lit when the FMS cannot guarantee the position accuracy
for the present phase of flight due to sensor availability. If the DR annunciator is lit
when DGRAD is lit, DGRAD annunciator goes out. The annunciator is lit if both
of the following conditions are valid:
• The sensors being used to navigate are not approved for the current phase of
flight
• The FMS is the selected navigation source on EFIS
• MSG (Message) – is lit when a message is displayed in the scratchpad. Messages
are displayed in the CDU scratchpad to inform or alert the pilot as to the system
status. The annunciator goes out after the message(s) has been cleared from the
scratchpad. For a list of FMS messages, refer to the Flight Management System
Pilot’s Guide. Messages are divided into two groups:
• Advisory messages – Are usually the result of a pilot action on the CDU
INVALID ENTRY
• Alerting messages – Alert the pilot to FMS status

COMPARE FMS POSITIONS

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
• OFFSET (Offset) – is lit when a lateral offset has been entered on PROGRESS
page. The annunciator goes out when the offset is removed
• APRCH (Approach) – indicates that FMS is in the approach mode of operation.
APRCH is lit when all of the following conditions are valid:
• The FMS is the selected navigation source on EFIS
• A nonprecision approach has been activated other than LOC or LOC (BC)
• The airplane position is between 2 NM outside the final approach fix (FAF)
and the missed approach point
• The FMS must be using approved sensors for the selected approach procedure
(VOR/DME, DME/DME, GPS)
• The DGRAD annunciator must be off
BRIGHTNESS CONTROL
Both the manual and automatic (photo sensor) brightness controls are used to increase
or decrease the CRT display brightness. When selected manually, a bright/dim bar is
displayed in the scratchpad. The bright/dim bar level is controlled by pressing BRT or
DIM. After the adjustment is made, the photo sensors monitor the ambient light and
maintain the brightness level over various lighting conditions.
Photo
Sensor
(automatic)
0ORIGIN PASS/@ LB0
KPHX
00000001152Z 0/170
0055°00154NM CLS
SJN
15820 (00+21 .75M/10000A
0059°00121NM CLS
ABQ
15820 (00+15 .75M/10000A
GX_16_076
Brightness
Push Buttons
(manual)

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
LINE SELECT KEYS

Data is selected to a line from the scratchpad or vice-versa using the line select keys.
These keys are identified from top to bottom as 1L through 4L on the left side and 1R
through 4R on the right side.

1L
0ORIGIN PASS/@ LB0 1L
KPHX
00000001152Z 0/170
0055°00154NM CLS
2L 2L
Line SJN
15820 (00+21 .75M/10000A Line
Select Select
Keys 0059°00121NM CLS Keys
3L 3L
ABQ
15820 (00+15 .75M/10000A
4L 4L
Scratchpad
GX_16_077
The line select keys are used for:
• Direct Access Prompts/Function Selects – In the case of a NAV or PERF index
display (see function keys), the line select keys are used to select functions from
the index. In displays other than index, keys 4L and 4R are primarily used for
direct access to other functions in the FMS. The functions that are most likely to be
accessed from the present page and phase of flight are displayed as prompts
• Transfer Line Data to Scratchpad – If the scratchpad is empty, pushing a line select
key transfers the respective line data to the scratchpad
• Transfer of Scratchpad Data to Line Fields – Once data has been entered into the
scratchpad, either through line selection or manual keyboard entry, it can be
selected to any of the allowable line select fields on a page

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
LEGEND
The following conventions are used in this section to indicate actions, results and
sequences:
Push a Function Key or Line Key

The finger indicates to push a function or line key.
Sequence of Actions
Circled numbers show sequences for graphic images and
2 their relationship to written steps of text. Must be followed
in sequence to achieve desired results.
Result of Action
Points to expected result of an action. Unexpected results
may indicate incorrect key inputs.
Sequence of Keys to Push

Indicates that a series of key inputs are required.
Push data keys from left to right, top to bottom.
Specific Display Result (boxed area)

240/3000 2400 Indicates where to look for expected result.
[10JUL97] Specific Display Result - Scratchpad Entry (Brackets)

Locates the scratchpad display line on a figure.
GX_16_078
Clear Key
Used to clear data from scratchpad
NOTE
For more information, refer to the Flight Management System
Pilot’s Guide.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
FUNCTION KEYS
The seven function keys access primary functions, menus and paging.
GX_16_079
The function keys are as follows:
• PERF (Performance) Key – Pushing the PERF function key displays page 1 of the
performance index. Any functions can be selected by pushing the respective line
select key. To view the next page of PERF INDEX push NEXT function key
00OOOO0PERF INDEX 1/2 00OOOO0PERF INDEX 2/2

0BOW
0PERF INIT PERF DATA0 0INIT<––WHAT–IF
0BOW –––>DATA
PASS/@ LB0
KPHX
00000001152Z 0/170 KPHX
00000001152Z 0/170
0PERF PLAN TAKEOFFO 0INIT<–STORED FPL–>DATA
SJN
15820 (00+21 .75M/10000A SJN
15820 (00+21 .75M/10000A
0CLIMB CRUISEO 0FUEL MGT S.E. RANGEO

ABQ
15820 (00+15 .75M/10000A ABQ
15820 (00+15 .75M/10000A
GX_16_080
0DESCENT LANDING0 0THRUST MGT T.O.INIT0
• NAV (Navigation) Key – Pushing the NAV function key displays page 1 of the
navigation index. Any functions can be selected by pushing the respective line
select key. To view the next page of NAV INDEX push NEXT function key
123456NAV INDEX123456 1/2 123456NAV INDEX123456 2/2

0BOW
0FPL LIST FPL SEL0 0BOW
0CONVERSIONS PATTERNS0
KPHX
00000001152Z 0/170 KPHX
00000001152Z 0/170
0WPT LIST DATALINKO 0IDENT MAINTENANCEO
SJN
15820 (00+21 .75M/10000A SJN
15820 (00+21 .75M/10000A
0DEPARTURE ARRIVALO 0POS INIT CROSS PTSO

ABQ
15820 (00+15 .75M/10000A ABQ
15820 (00+15 .75M/10000A
GX_16_081
0POS SENSORS TUNE0 0DATA LOAD FLT SUM0


Sept 04
NAVIGATION
• PREV and NEXT (Paging) Keys – The specific page and number of pages in a
particular function or menu display are shown in the upper right hand corner of the
display. Page changes are made by pushing the PREV (previous) and NEXT keys.
The keys can be held down for repeated page changing
• FPL (Flight Plan) Key – Pushing the FPL key displays the first page of the active
flight plan, even if another page of the active flight plan is being displayed. If there
is no flight plan entered, the pilot can:
• Manually create a flight plan
• Select a stored flight plan
• Load a flight plan from a disk
• Create a stored flight plan
000ACTIVE FLT PLAN 1/3 000ACTIVE FLT PLAN 2/3

OORIGIN/ETD
0BOW GS0 O159° 91.7NM
0BOW GS0
KITC
000000000+15 @0/170
359O MGM
000000000+15 0/170
–––––
0104°00392NM CLS 0132°00141NM CLS
MEM
15820 (01+06 ––––– TLH
15820 (00+24 –––––
0115°00174NM ––––– 0127° 84.1NM –––––

VUZ
15820 (00+29 ––––– VUZ
15820 (00+14 –––––
0DEPARTURE PERF PLAN0 0DEPARTURE PERF PLAN0

COMPARE FUEL QUANTITY J20.ORL

O129°
0BOW 115NM GS0
ORL
000000000+19 0/170
–––––
0034°00 2NM CLS
KORL
15820 (00+00 01100
0127° 84.1NM DEST–

VUZ
15820 (00+14 KORL–
GX_16_082
0DEPARTURE PERF PLAN0

J20.ORL
• PROG (Progress) Key – Pushing the PROG key displays the current status of the
flight. There are three progress pages that report progress along the flight plan.
These pages summarize important flight parameters and the airplane’s relationship
to the flight plan
• The first progress page displays estimated time enroute (ETE), distance to, and
fuel projection for the TO waypoint and destination. It also displays the current
NAV mode, the number of long range NAV sources used and the navaids that
are presently tuned for radio updating

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
1234567PROGRESS1234567
1/3
0TO
0BOW DIST ETE FUEL
MEM 392 01+06 10.0
0/170
DEST CLS
KORL 998 02+47 22.0
DME/DME LRN=3 USED
–––––
AMEM
5820117.50
117.50 A VUZ 114.40
GX_16_083
0NAV 1<––SELECT––>NAV 2
• The second progress page reflects changes based on inputs to the VNAV FMS
function. The speed/altitude command (SPD/ALT CMD) reflects the current
command of speed/altitude that the FMS is sending to the flight guidance
computer. If there is no command, the line is titled but blank. The 1R line
select displays the expected vertical speed when a path has been defined in
VNAV. Otherwise, this position is blank
1234567PROGRESS1234567
2/3
––SPD/ALT CMD
0BOW VS@TOD0
240/3000 24000–
0/170
––TOC FUEL QTY0–
151.5NM/00+23 20000–
––TOD GROSS WT––
MEM
970NM/02+26 70600–
GX_16_084
0AIR DATA FLT SUM0

• The third progress page displays cross track error (XTK ERROR), lateral
offset, current track and heading in magnetic or true, current wind in vector
form and component form, drift angle and groundspeed
1234567PROGRESS1234567
3/3
XTK ERROR
0BOW OFFSET0
––0.01
L 0.01NM – –– .–––
0/170
NM
––TRACK DRIFT HDG00

–274° 4 –270°4
––WIND GS0–
0080T/57 20 20 423–
GX_16_085
0AIR DATA FLT SUM0

• The AIR DATA page displays the values for the on-side ADC. If the on-side
ADC fails, the information comes from the off-side ADC. The ADC source is
displayed on the title
• The Flight Summary FLT SUM displays flight information, fuel used, average
TAS/GS and total distance both air and ground

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
123456AIR DATA 112345 1/1 1234FLIGHT SUMMARY123 1/1

00CAS
0BOW TAS MACH0 0T/O EN ROUTE LAND0
00300 1 .6600
0/170
M0 01220
00000Z 02+02 0/170
1422 0
.66Z0
O
0PRES<–ALT–>BARO VS0 FUEL USED AVG TAS/GS0
021950 21942 12400 0348 430/4200
00SAT ISA DEV TAT00 01AIR <––DIST––> GROUND
0–27°C +2°C +15°C MEM
874
874NM 853000
NM–
GX_16_086
0AIR DATA PROGRESS 30 0AIR DATA PROGRESS 30
123456789012345678901234
• DIR (Direct-to/Pattern/Intercept) Key – Pushing the DIR function key inserts

DIRECT, PATTERN and INTERCEPT prompts on the ACTIVE FLT PLAN
pages. If other than an active flight plan page is displayed when pushing the
button, the first page of the flight plan is displayed. If the active flight plan is
already displayed, it will remain on the current page of the flight plan
• DIRECT – The FMS DIRECT-TO function can either be lateral or vertical. The
left line select keys are used for lateral and the right line select keys are used for
vertical direct-to
• Lateral DIRECT-TO – computes the turn and the course from the end of the
turn. If the direct-to waypoint is in the flight plan, pushing the line select key
next to the direct-to waypoint engages the direct-to. A direct-to course is
calculated and the airplane begins turning for the waypoint
• Vertical DIRECT-TO – is connected to an altitude constraint at a waypoint in
the flight plan. The altitude constraint must be in the flight plan before the
vertical direct-to is done. Vertical DIRECT-TO can be used for climbs and
descents. The airplane does not respond to the vertical DIRECT-TO unless the
altitude selector is properly set at or above for climbs and at or below for
descents
123ACTIVE FLT PLAN123 2/3

–––––
0BOW DIRECT SPD CMD0
MGM
1220Z 30000000
/.75M
1132° 141NM AVG TAS/GS0
TLH
1127° 01+40 .88/FL350
1127° 84.1NM
TLH84
1 127°
874NM 01+41 .88/FL350
GX_16_087
0PATTERN INTERCEPT0
123456789012345678901234

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
• PATTERN – The PATTERN prompt is used to start the pattern definition or review
procedures. PATTERN can also be selected from the NAV INDEX. The following
patterns are available, HOLD, PROCEDURE TURN, FLYOVER, ORBIT and
RADIAL
1234567PATTERNS123456 1/1
0BOW
0HOLD PCDR TURN0
KPHX
00000001152Z 0/170
0FLY OVER ORBITO
SJN
15820 (00+21 .75M/10000A
0RADIAL CRUISEO
ABQ
15820 (00+15 .75M/10000A
GX_16_088
0REVIEW LANDING0
• INTERCEPT – INTERCEPT is used to define an intercept waypoint inserted in the

flight plan between two other waypoints. The crossing of these two courses is the
intercept waypoint
123456 INTERCEPT123456
1/1
0BOW DRK
0FROM
KPHX
––– ° RAD/CRS OR HDG SEL0
.75M/10000A
0TO PGS CRUISEO

ABQ° RAD
––– OR CRS0–––0A
°
GX_16_089
0CLEAR LANDING0
SCRATCHPAD
The scratchpad is a working area where the pilot can enter data and/or verify data
before line selecting the data into its proper position. Alphanumeric entries are made
into the scratchpad using the keyboard. As each key is pushed, the character is
displayed in the scratchpad. Information in the scratchpad does not affect FMS until it
is moved to another line on the display. Data is retained in the scratchpad throughout
all mode and page changes.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
ABQ
15820 (00 15 .75M/10000A
Scratchpad KJFK/250/40
Alpha Keypad
Numeric
Keypad
GX_16_090
Delete Key Clear Key
Alphanumeric Keys
The alphanumeric keys are used to make entries into the scratchpad. The letters of the
alphabet, the numbers 0 to 9, a decimal, a dash and a slash are each represented with a
CDU key.
Clear (CLR) Key
The CLR key has the following functions:
• When a message is displayed in the scratchpad, pushing the CLR key deletes the
message
• Temporary waypoints are identified with an asterisk (*) or pound sign (#) as the
first character. When any entry beginning with an * or a # is in the scratchpad,
pushing the CLR key deletes the entire entry
• When an alphanumeric entry is made in the scratchpad, one character is cleared
from the scratchpad (from right to left) each time the CLR key is pushed. If the
CLR key is held down after the first character is cleared, other characters are
cleared, one at a time, until the key is released
GX_16_079

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
Delete (DEL) Key

The DEL key is used to delete items from the FMS. When the DEL key is pushed,
DELETE is displayed in the scratchpad. The DEL key can be line selected to delete
waypoints or other items displayed in the CDU data fields. When there is a message
displayed, the delete function is inhibited. DEL is also used to return default values
after entries have been made. The DEL key may also be used to clear an entire
alphanumeric entry in the scratchpad by selecting "–" followed by DEL.
NAV DATA BASE VERIFICATION

On initial power up the FMS will display the NAV IDENT page. Verification of all
data is essential to accurate FMS operation.
12345 NAV IDENT123456

1/1
–DATE
0BOW ACTIVE NDB00
07JUL04
1220Z 03JUL 31JUL/04
1GMT AVG TAS/GS0
1459
1 Z 06JUN 02JUL/04
01SW NDB V3.01 16M0

0NZ5.8
874NM WORLD3– 0700
GX_16_091
0MAINTENANCE POS INIT0

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
Pos Init
To select POS INIT, press 4R.
12345 NAV IDENT123456

1/1
–DATE
0BOW ACTIVE NDB00
07JUL04
1220Z 03JUL 31JUL/04
1GMT AVG TAS/GS0
1459
1 Z 06JUN 02JUL/04
01SW NDB V3.01 16M0

0NZ5.8
874NM WORLD3– 0700
GX_16_092
0MAINTENANCE POS INIT0
123456789012345678901234
The POSITION INIT page displays the LAST POS coordinates and the closest ramp
within 3 NM or closest airport reference point (KCIT) within 3 NM of the last
position.
To initialize position, select appropriate LOAD prompt.
123 4POSITION INIT12341/1

0LAST POS GS0
N33°00.6 W112°12.1 LOAD
KICT REF WPT CLS
N37°39.0 W097°26.0 LOAD
0GPS 1 POS –––––
N37°39.2 W097°26.4 LOAD
GX_16_093
0POS SENSORS
After initialization, the FLT PLAN prompt is displayed. Select 4R to continue pre-
flight.
123 4POSITION INIT12341/1

0LAST POS GS0
N33°00.6 W112°12.1 LOAD
KICT REF WPT CLS
N37°39.0 W097°26.0 LOAD
0GPS 1 POS (LOADED)0
N37°39.2 W097°26.4
GX_16_094
0POS SENSORS FLT PLAN

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
Flight Plan
To select FLT PLAN, press 4R.
123 4POSITION INIT12341/1 000ACTIVE FLT PLAN 1/1

0LAST POS GS0 OORIGIN/ETD
0BOW GS0
N33°00.6 W112°12.1 LOAD KITC @0/170
359O
KICT REF WPT CLS 0VIA TO DESTO

N37°39.0 W097°26.0 LOAD ––––
15820 (01+06 ––––
0GPS 1 POS (LOADED)0 000RECALL OR CREATE –––––

N37°39.2 W097°26.4 VUZ FPL NAMED –––––––––
GX_16_095
0POS SENSORS FLT PLAN FPL LIST PERF INIT0
Enter destination (KORL) in the scratchpad and press 2R.

OORIGIN/ETD
0BOW GS0
KITC @0/170
359O
0VIA TO DESTO
––––
15820 (01+06 ––––
000RECALL OR CREATE –––––

VUZ FPL NAMED –––––––––
GX_16_096
FPL LIST PERF INIT0

[KORL]E FUEL QUANTITY
When a destination is entered, the FMS searches for stored flight plans with the same
origin and destination. If any flight plans are found, the FLIGHT PLAN LIST page is
displayed.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
FLIGHT PLAN (STORED)

Press 2L to bring KICT – KORL in scratchpad. Then press 1L to show the stored FLT
PLAN.
000FLIGHT PLAN LIST00 1/1 KICT–KORL 1/3

OSHOW FPL
0BOW RETURN0 OORIGIN/ETD
0BOW GS0
–––––––––– @0/170
359O KICT
0000000998/02+47 @0/170
359O
0VIA TO DESTO 0104°00392NM CLS
KICT–KORL
15820 (01+06 –––– MEM
15820 (01+06 –––––
000RECALL OR CREATE ––––– 0115°00174NM –––––
VUZ
00000FPL NAMED ––––––––– VUZ
15820 (00+29 –––––
GX_16_097
0FPL LIST FPL SEL0 PATTERN FPL SEL0
[KICT–KORL]E FUEL QUANTITY COMPARE FUEL QUANTITY
Review the flight plan and if satisfied, press 4R to select it.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
FLIGHT PLAN MANUAL WAYPOINT ENTRY

Enter the waypoints and/or airways in the scratchpad and press 2L.

OORIGIN/ETD
0BOW GS0 OORIGIN/ETD
0BOW GS0
KICT @0/170
359O KICT @0/170
359O
0VIA TO DESTO 0099° 415NM DESTO
––––
15820 (01+06 KORL MEM
15820 (01+06 ––––
000RECALL OR CREATE ––––– 0VIA TO –––––

DESTO
VUZ FPL NAMED ––––––––– VUZ
–––– KORL
GX_16_098
DEPARTURE PERF INIT0 DEPARTURE PERF INIT0
[MEM]E FUEL QUANTITY
Enter the waypoints and/or airways in the scratchpad and press 3L.

OORIGIN/ETD
0BOW GS0
KICT @0/170
359O KICT @0/170
359O
0099° 415NM DESTO 0099° 415NM DESTO
MEM
15820 (01+06 –––– MEM
15820 (01+06 ––––
0VIA TO –––––
DESTO 0115° 174NM –––––
DESTO
VUZ
–––– KORL VUZ
15820 (00+29 ––––
GX_16_099
[J41.TLH]E FUEL QUANTITY
Once all the flight plan waypoints and/or airways have been entered, the flight plan is
“closed out” by inserting the destination as the last VIA-TO waypoint.

0VIA TO DESTO OORIGIN/ETD
0BOW GS0
–––– KORL KICT @0/170
359O
0099° 415NM DESTO
MEM
15820 (01+09 –––/–––––
––––
0115° 174NM –––––

DESTO
VUZ
15820 (00+29 –––/–––––
GX_16_100

[KORL]E FUEL QUANTITY

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
Departures
To select departure runway, and takeoff information:
Press 4L to display DEPARTURE RUNWAYS page.
000ACTIVE FLT PLAN 1/1 12DEPARTURE RUNWAYS12 1/1

OORIGIN/ETD
0BOW GS0
KICT @0/170
359O KICT @0/170
359O
0099° 415NM DESTO 001L 14O
MEM
15820 (01+09 –––/–––––
–––– MEM
15820 (01+09 –––/–––––
––––
0115° 174NM –––––

DESTO 001R 19LO
VUZ
15820 (00+29 –––/––––– VUZ
15820 (00+29 –––/–––––
GX_16_101
DEPARTURE PERF INIT0 0DEPARTURE TAKEOFF0
Select appropriate runway and FMS will return you flight plan page 1.

OORIGIN/ETD
0BOW GS0
KICT RWY 19L @0/170
359O
0099° 415NM DESTO
MEM
15820 (01+09 –––/–––––
––––
0115° 174NM –––––

DESTO
VUZ
15820 (00+29 –––/–––––
GX_16_102
DEPARTURE PERF INIT0

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
Performance Initialization
The following are examples of the information that can be found on the PERF INIT
pages. All pilot entries will appear in cyan. When all performance information has
been entered press 4R on page 5/5 of PERFORMANCE INIT.
Note:
GEX005V2 = 96,000 lb Global
GEX006V2 = 98,000 lb Global
G5000-LI = G5000
000PERFORMANCE INIT 1/5 000PERFORMANCE INIT 2/5

0ACFT TYPE TAIL #0 0CLIMB CLIMB0
G5000–LI
00000001152Z ––––––O 300/.80M OR0
0PERF MODE 0CRUISE PASS WT00
FULL PERF ORO LRC OR0
0DESCENT GROSS WT00
300/.80M/3.0° OR0
0DEP/APP SPED
000PERFORMANCE INIT 3/5 000PERFORMANCE INIT 4/5

0STEP INCREMENT CLIMB0 0TRANS ALT SPD/ALT LIM0
0 OR0 18000 250/10000
0FUEL RESERVE PASS WT00 0INIT CRZ ALT ISA DEV0
NBAA OR0 OPTIMUM +0°C
0TO/LDG FUEL GROSS WT00 0CRUISE WINDS GROSS
AT ALTITUDE
WT00
400/200LB OR0 000T/00 0000
0DEP/APP SPED 0PERF PLAN
0PERFORMANCE INIT–LB 5/5

0BOW PASS/@ LB0
51200 5/170
0FUEL (GAUGE) PASS WT00
25300 (25300) 8500
0CARGO GROSS WT00
200 775500
GX_16_103
0DEPARTURE CONFIRM INIT0
NOTE
For more information, refer to the Flight Management System
Pilot’s Guide.

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
NAVIGATION SYSTEM EICAS MESSAGES
FMS 1 (2) (3) FAIL

Indicates that respective
FMS has failed.
FMS 1 FAIL
1 . 65
FMS 2 FAIL GPWS SYSTEM FAIL
WINDSHEAR FAIL Indicates GPWS computer
Indicates that windshear FMS 3 FAIL has failed.
alerting function has GPWS SYSTEM FAIL
failed.
GRND PROX FAIL GRND PROX FAIL
TERR FAIL Indicates that GPWS
GPWS FLAP OVRD is inoperative.
Indicates that FLAP WINDSHEAR FAIL
OVRD switch has been
selected and flap aural
GPWS FLAP OVRD TERR FAIL
warning has been muted. GPWS G/S MUTED Indicates terrain alerting
function has failed.
GPWS G/S OVRD

Indicates that G/S WARN
switch has been selected
and glideslope aural has
been muted.
789
GX_16_104

Sept 04
NAVIGATION
EMS CIRCUIT PROTECTION
CIRCUIT BREAKER - SYSTEM 2/2

GEAR NAV
HYD OIL
ICE OXYGEN
IND/RECORD THRUST
LIGHT
BRT
CIRCUIT BREAKER SYSTEM BUS
PREV NEXT EMER
STAT SYS BUS CNTL TEST
PAGE PAGE CONT
CB - NAV SYSTEM 1/6 CB - NAV SYSTEM 4/6

ADF 1 DC 1 IN IRS 3 FAN DC 1 IN
ADF 2 DC ESS IN IRS 3 PWR A DC 1 IN
DME 1 DC 2 IN IRS 3 PWR B DC ESS IN
DME 2 DC ESS IN LIGHTNING SENSOR DC 1 IN
FMS 1 CDU BATT IN MFD 1 CTLR BATT IN
FMS 2 CDU DC 2 IN MFD 2 CTLR DC 2 IN
M M
CB - NAV SYSTEM 2/6 CB - NAV SYSTEM 5/6
FMS 3 CDU DC 1 IN RAD ALT 1 DC 1 IN
GPS 1 DC 1 IN RAD ALT 2 DC 2 IN
GPS 2 DC 2 IN STBY ADI AV BATT DIR CCBP IN
GPWS DC 1 IN STBY ALT/ASI AV BATT DIR CCBP IN
HUD DC 2 IN TCAS DC ESS IN
HUD CTL PANEL DC 2 IN VOR/ILS 1 DC 2 IN
M CB - NAV SYSTEM 3/6 M CB - NAV SYSTEM 6/6

IRS 1 FAN DC ESS IN VOR/ILS 2 DC ESS IN
IRS 1 PWR A DC ESS IN VOR/ILS 3 DC 1 IN
IRS 1 PWR B BATT IN WX RADAR DC 1 IN
IRS 2 FAN DC 2 IN WX RADAR CTLR 1 DC 1 IN
IRS 2 PWR A DC 2 IN WX RADAR CTLR 2 DC 1 IN
GX_16_105
IRS 2 PWR B DC ESS IN
M M

Sept 04

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NAVIGATION

PILOT TRAINING GUIDE

Chapter 16: Navigation

Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 16-1

For Training Purposes Only 16-i

EGPWS Modes ................................................................................................... 16-47

16-ii For Training Purposes Only

ID PGE TST DME

VHF 1 VHF 2 VHF 3 HF 1 HF 2 PA

ST MKR MUTE H'MIC

RAD BARO IN Hpa SPEAKER HEADPHONE

AUDIO CONTROL PANEL

Honeywell PUSH STD MAP NAV

MFD CONTROL PANEL

For Training Purposes Only 16-1

AUDIO CONTROL PANEL

VHF 1 VHF 2 VHF 3 HF 1 HF 2 PA

NAV 1 NAV 2 ADF DME INT BOTH

ST MKR MUTE H'MIC

RADIO MANAGEMENT UNIT (RMU)

16-2 For Training Purposes Only

Main Tuning Page

GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS)

For Training Purposes Only 16-3

16-4 For Training Purposes Only

• Self-Test Mode – The GNSSU is in the self-test mode for approximately 5

For Training Purposes Only 16-5

16-6 For Training Purposes Only

Press NAV function key

00OOOO0NAV INDEX 1/2

0POS SENSORS T.O.INIT0

Press POS SENSORS key

00OOOO0NAV INDEX 1/2 00OOOPOS SENSORS 1/2

0POS SENSORS T.O.INIT0

Press NEXT function key

00OOOPOS SENSORS 1/2 00OOOPOS SENSORS 2/2

For Training Purposes Only 16-7

00OOOPOS SENSORS 2/2 00000GPS 1 STATUS00002/2

Press NEXT function key

00000GPS 1 STATUS00001/2 00000GPS 1 STATUS00002/2

GPS STATUS 1/2 displays the following information:

16-8 For Training Purposes Only

FMS 1 FMS 2 FMS 3

For Training Purposes Only 16-9

NAVIGATION DISPLAY UNIT (IF INSTALLED)

FROM/TO/WPT Data Display

SYSTEM SELECT NDU FAULT Special Function

The following describes the controls of the NDU:

16-10 For Training Purposes Only

DATA ENTRY KEYBOARD

SPECIAL FUNCTION KEYBOARD

SYSTEM SELECT KEYS

The magnetic/true north key

The System select keys are used BRT/DIM Key

NDU display. When first pressed and held, the display

For Training Purposes Only 16-11

DATA SELECT KEYBOARD

LEG CHG Key

Left Display Right Display

16-12 For Training Purposes Only