Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 15 views

    Further Differentiation

    Uploaded by

    pctkj9cpg2

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Further Differentiation

    Uploaded by

    pctkj9cpg2
    15 views18 pages

    Original Title

    8. Further Differentiation

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    15 views18 pages

    Further Differentiation

    Uploaded by

    pctkj9cpg2

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 18

    FURTHER

    DIFFERENTIATION
    To do:
    • Apply differentiation to increasing and decreasing functions and rates of
    change
    • Locate stationary points
    • Determine the nature of stationary points
    • Use information about stationary points when sketching graphs
    Remember:
    Solving quadratic Finding the first and Differentiating
    inequalities second derivatives of 𝒙𝒏 . composite functions
    a) Solve −𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 6 > 0 b) Find 𝑑𝑦 and 𝑑2 𝑦 of c) Find
    𝑑𝑦
    of 𝑦 =
    3
    𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 (1−3𝑥)2
    𝑦 = 3𝑥 𝑥
    Increasing and decreasing functions
    𝑑𝑦
    • 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) is increasing for a given interval of 𝑥 if 𝑑𝑥
    > 0 throughout the interval.
    𝑑𝑦
    • 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) is decreasing for a given interval of 𝑥 if 𝑑𝑥
    < 0 throughout the interval.
    Example 1
    Find the set of values of 𝑥 for which 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 3 − 15𝑥 2 + 24𝑥 + 6 is
    increasing.
    Example 2
    Find the set of values of 𝑥 for which 𝑓 𝑥 = 10 + 9𝑥 − 𝑥 2 is decreasing.
    Example 3
    1
    Find the set of values of 𝑥 for which (2𝑥 − 3)3 − 4𝑥 is an increasing
    6
    function of 𝑥.
    Example 4
    2
    It is given that 𝑓 𝑥 = − 𝑥 2 for 𝑥 > 0, show that 𝑓 is a decreasing function
    𝑥4
    Stationary points
    A point where the gradient is zero is called the stationary point / turning point
    Stationary points
    A point where the gradient is zero is called the stationary point / turning point

    Maximum Points Minimum Points


    • 𝑄 is a maximum point if the value of 𝑦 at this point is • 𝑃 is a minimum point if the value of 𝑦 at this point
    greater than the value of 𝑦 at other points close to 𝑄. is less than the value of 𝑦 at other points close to P.
    𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
    • 𝑑𝑥 = 0 • 𝑑𝑥 = 0
    • The gradient is positive to the left of the maximum • The gradient is negative to the left of the minimum
    point and negative to the right. point and positive to the right.
    𝑑𝑦
    Points of inflexion
    = 0 , Gradient changes: Positive to zero then positive again or
    𝑑𝑥
    Negative to zero and then to negative again
    Example 5
    Find the coordinates of the stationary points on the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 4 + 4𝑥 − 1
    determine the nature of the stationary points.
    Example 6
    a) Find the 𝑥 − coordinates of the two stationary points on the curve
    𝑦 = 2𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 − 36𝑥 +k
    Example 6
    b) Hence, find the two values of 𝑘, for which the curve has a stationary point
    on the 𝑥-axis.
    Second derivatives and stationary points
    𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦
    • If 𝑑𝑥
    = 0 and
    𝑑𝑥 2
    < 0, then the point is a maximum point
    𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦
    • If 𝑑𝑥
    = 0 and
    𝑑𝑥 2
    > 0, then the point is a minimum point
    𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦
    • If = 0 and
    𝑑𝑥
    = 0, then use the first derivative test to find
    𝑑𝑥 2
    the nature of stationary points
    Example 7
    𝑥 2 +9
    Find the coordinates of the stationary points on the curve 𝑦 = and use
    𝑥
    the second derivative to determine the nature of these points
    Example 8
    Find the stationary points on the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 + 1 and sketch the curve.
    Example 9
    Find all the stationary points on the curve 𝑦 = 2𝑥 4 − 𝑥 2 + 1 and sketch the
    curve.

    You might also like