تكملة المحاضرة الثالثة Impression M.

Complete denture
‫الطقم الكامل‬
‫المرحلة الثانية‬
‫المحاضرة الثالثة‬
Final impression and materials used for final impression

Final or Secondary impression: It is a negative likeness or registration of the entire
denture bearing, stabilizing area and border seal area of the mandible & maxilla
for the purpose of fabricating a prosthesis.
Final impression (maxillary arch) final impression (mandibular arch)
Final impression in general: The impression that represents the completion of the
registration of the surface or object.
The final impression is made with special tray and it is used for making master
cast which must be poured with stone material.
Master cast (definitive or final cast): A replica of the tooth surfaces, residual ridge
areas and \or other parts of the dental arch and \or facial structures used to
fabricate a dental restoration or prosthesis.
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Materials used for final impression
1- Zinc- Oxide Eugenol impression material.
2- Alginate impression material
3- Impression plaster
4- Waxes
5- Elastomers impression material:
a- Polysulphide (Rubber base).
b- Poly ether.
c- Silicon (light body).
The techniques used for making final impression:
1- Mucostatic impression technique (non- pressure technique)
2- Muco-compression or Functioal impression technique (pressure or closed moth
technique).
3- Selective pressure impression technique.
1. -impression plaster: Impression plaster is based on calcined calcium sulphate

hemihydrate, which reacts with water to form a hard mass of calcium sulphatedihydrate.
This setting reaction is associated with an expansion of 0.3-0.6%. When this is within the
confines of an impression tray it will lead to a significant reduction in accuracy. Mixing
the plaster with anti-expansion solution (containing 4% potassium sulphate and 0.4%
borax) will reduce this. The potassium sulphate reduces expansion to 0.05%, but this
also accelerates the setting reaction, and borax is added as a retarder, which gives
more time to take the impression
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ADVANTAGES
1-Good surface detail
2. Excellent dimensional stability
3. Rate of the setting reaction can be controlled by the clinician
4-minimal tissue distortion.
5-quik flow
6-absorption of palatal secretions during set
7-speedy handling.
DISADVANTAGES
1. -possibility of warpage in the palate
2. brittle and subject to breakage specially in undercut area
3. saliva washes the material and distorted the surface when mandibular
impression is made.
4. inaccuracy due to pores in the plaster must be sealed before stone is poured in
the impression.
Zinc- Oxide Eugenol impression material.

BASE PASTE
• Zinc oxide
• Inert oils (plasticiser)
• Hydrogenated resins (increases setting time and improves cohesion)
REACTOR PASTE
• Eugenol
• Zinc acetate (accelerator)
• Fillers (talc or kaolin)
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Any movement of the tray as the paste is hardening will lead to a deformed,
inaccurate impression.
Setting
Properties
1. Accelerator additives (e.g., zinc acetate, acetic acid)
2. Exposure to moisture on mixing or the addition of water will accelerate the
reaction
3. Increasing temperature causes a faster setting reaction
ADVANTAGES
1. Dimensional stability
2. Good surface detail
3. Can be adhered well to the dried surface of compound, resin
4. Mucostatic and require no separating medium
DISADVANTAGES
1. Cannot be used in very deep undercuts
2. Only sets quickly in thin section
3. Eugenol allergy in some patients
4
Uses
1-final imp. For edentulous patients
2-relining and rebasing
3-stabilizing base plate in bite registration
4- corrective impression paste
Factor affecting setting time of ZOE:

1-tempreture will be set more quickly at higher temperature and humidity
2-drop of H2O or alcohol will speed the set
3- ratio of base -catalyst
4- saliva shorten the reaction
Boxing impression and making the casts:

Boxing: is the enclosure of an impression to produce the desired size & form of
the base of the cast & to preserve desired details.
Boxing impression can be used for primary & final impression for complete
denture. This procedure cannot usually be used on impression made from
hydrocolloid materials (e.g. alginate) because the boxing wax will not adhere to
the impression material & the impression material (alginate) will be distorted.
Advantages of boxing:
1- To facilitate pouring the impression with plaster or stone.
2- Produce the desired size & form of the base of the cast (adequate thickness of
the cast).
3- Preserve desired details &borders of the impression
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4- In the lower impression, reproduction of the lingual borders & tongue space
easier.
Materials used for boxing impression:

1- Beading wax: a strip of wax is attached all the way around the outside of
the impression approximately (1-2 mm) below the border &sealed to it with
wax knife.
2- Boxing wax : a sheet of wax is used to made the vertical walls of the box & it
is attached around the outside of the beading wax strip so that it does not alter
the borders of the impression, the width of the boxing wax is about 10-15 mm.
3- Base plate wax: a sheet of wax can be used to fill the tongue space in the
lower impression that is sealed just below the lingual border of the impression.
Artificial stone is mixed according to manufacturer’s direction and sufficient
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stone is poured into the final impression so that the base of the cast will be
from 10-15mm in thickness. The cast is called master cast.
Common faults in impression making:

1- Poor selection of the tray.
2- In sufficient material loaded in the tray.
3- Excessive material loaded in the tray.
4- Failure to press the tray completely to position (in- sufficient seating pressure
or excessive seating pressure).
5- In correct position of the tray ( un centralization)
6- Obstruction of the proper flow of the material by lips, cheek or tongue

تكملة المحاضرة الثالثة Impression M.

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Complete denture

Final impression and materials used for final impression

Final impression (maxillary arch) final impression (mandibular arch)

1. -impression plaster: Impression plaster is based on calcined calcium sulphate

Zinc- Oxide Eugenol impression material.

Factor affecting setting time of ZOE:

Boxing impression and making the casts:

Materials used for boxing impression:

Common faults in impression making:

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