Australia Riddhima Harchandani

Brazil Atul Kumar Sharma

Estonia Dhananjay Pratap Singh
Fiji Rudra Kumar
France Ayushman Das
Hungary Anvi Soni
Iceland Rehan Mirdha
Indonesia Vaniya Pawar
Ireland Drishti Soni
Israel Mallika Handa
Lichstenstien Harshit Suthar
Luxembourg Pranjal Paihar
Mexico Viraj Wankhade
Moldova Havika Sharma
Mongolia Ranvijay Singh Skekhwat
Namibia Kartikeya Jawa
New Zealand Palak Siyag
Niger G Sri Amruta
Nigeria Priyanshu Yadav
Oman Vamika
Palau Yashvi Moondra
China Aarsh Soni
Romania Shaurya Vardhan Singh
Bhati
Russia Labhanshi
Saudi Arabia Jayesh Raliya
Senegal Avantika Godara
Serbia Abhi
Singapore Drishti
Slovenia Himnish Toshiwal
Somalia Aarav Singh
Sri Lanka Aditya Vikram
Sudan Lohitaksh Parihar
Switzerland Aryan Vishoni
Thailand Akhilesh Choudhary
Trinidad and Hargun Kaur
Tobago
United Kingdom Gurvendra
USA Chitrangada Shekhawat
Vietnam Arnav Choudhary
Yemen Aniket Tejbahadur Yadav
Zimbabwe Tanvi
Denmark Aarav Pratp
COMMON FILE FOR ALL – UNEP
https://belonging.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/climate_refugees.pdf

1. AUSTRALIA -RIDDHIMA HARCHANDANI

Honourable EB members and dear delegates,

The writing is on the wall – climate change is one of the most persistent issues
of our time. As Australians, we've witnessed the devastating impact of rising
sea levels, intense natural disasters, and droughts on our Pacific neighbours. As
the great Aboriginal leader, Galarrwuy Yunupingu, once said, "We are all
connected, we are all kin." This kinship compels us to act.
Australia recognizes its responsibility to address climate change and support
climate refugees. To date, our contributions include significant financial
support through the Australian Humanitarian Partnership, Climate Change
Authority, and Australian Aid Program. We've also developed policy initiatives
such as the Climate Resilience and Adaptation Strategy and the Australian
Government's Climate Change Policy.

In addition, our resettlement programs, including Australia's Humanitarian

Program, Community Sponsorship Program, and Safe Haven Enterprise Visa
program, provide vital support to climate refugees. Internationally, we
collaborate with organizations like the United Nations High Commissioner for
Refugees, Climate and Clean Air Coalition, and are committed to the Paris
Agreement.

Australia is also dedicated to research and development, funding initiatives

through the Australian Research Council, National Climate Adaptation Research
Facility, and Australian Institute of Criminology. Regionally, we support the
Pacific Islands Forum's Climate Change Framework, Association of Southeast
Asian Nations Working Group on Climate Change, and South Pacific Climate
Change Adaptation Programme.
However, we acknowledge that more must be done. Let us rise to the challenge
of climate change.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://www.lemonde.fr/en/environment/article/2024/05/12/australia-and-
tuvalu-finalize-historic-treaty-to-welcome-climate-
refugees_6671151_114.html#:~:text=In%20November%202023%2C
%20Australia%20offered,is%20concerned%20about%20its%20sovereignty.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666622723000321

2. BRAZIL -ATUL KUMAR SHARMA

Honourable CEB MEMBERS AND distinguished delegates,
I stand before you today as the representative of Brazil, proud to share the
progress we've made in safeguarding climate refugees. As we gather here
today, we're reminded that climate change is a pressing global issue that
demands collective action and cooperation.
Brazil recognizes its critical role in combating climate change and has taken
concrete steps to address this challenge. We've updated our Nationally
Determined Contribution to the Paris Agreement, aiming to reduce greenhouse
gas emissions by 48% by 2025 and 53% by 2030. Our efforts to protect the
Amazon Basin, home to 60% of the world's biodiversity, are crucial in this fight.
In addressing climate-induced displacement, Brazil has welcomed over 426,000
refugees from Venezuela, providing them with improved opportunities for
better living standards, autonomy, and integration. Our relocation strategy has
benefited over 100,000 Venezuelans, demonstrating our commitment to
climate resilience and social inclusion. We've also established refugee
accommodation centers, offering a sense of community and belonging.
To further support climate action, Brazil has launched key initiatives. Our
Transparency System monitors progress toward our NDC goals. The REDD+
Strategy reduces emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. Climate
Finance supports state and private actors in implementing climate finance
measures. Green Growth establishes a low-carbon economy and promotes
sustainable development.

As we move forward, we urge the international community to join forces with

us in this endeavor. Climate action requires collective effort and cooperation.
Let's work together to address the root causes of climate migration and ensure
the dignity and well-being of all individuals affected by this phenomenon.

In conclusion, Brazil remains committed to safeguarding climate refugees and

addressing climate change. We look forward to collaborating with fellow
nations to achieve a more resilient and sustainable future for all.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://reliefweb.int/report/brazil/unhcr-brazil-climate-and-sustainability-
interventions-brief-overview-key-initiatives-may-2023
https://www.unhcr.org/in/news/briefing-notes/unhcr-supports-brazils-
response-devastating-floods
https://belonging.berkeley.edu/climatedisplacement/case-studies/brazil

3. ESTONIA -DHANANJAY
Honourable EB MEMBERS AND DEAR delegates,
Today, I am a proud delegate of Estonia, a nation that wears its heart on its
sleeve when it comes to addressing the pressing issue of climate refugees. We
recognize the devastating toll climate change takes on human migration and
are committed to taking bold, concrete actions.
"The writing is on the wall": climate change demands collective responsibility.
Estonia has taken the bull by the horns, implementing policies that tackle
climate refugee issues head-on.
Our National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy (2017) is a hope, addressing
climate change impacts on human migration. Our Development Cooperation
and Humanitarian Aid Strategy (2021-2025) prioritizes climate change,
migration, and humanitarian aid, putting our money where our mouth is.
Humanitarian aid is the backbone of our response. We provide financial
support to climate change-related humanitarian projects and contribute to
international emergency responses through the European Union Civil
Protection Mechanism. Estonia also opens its doors to refugees through the
UNHCR Resettlement Program, issuing humanitarian visas to those displaced
by climate change.
To mitigate climate change, Estonia is thinking outside the box. We're reducing
greenhouse gas emissions through renewable energy sources and promoting
sustainable development. Innovation is our North Star, supporting climate-
focused initiatives like climate-resilient infrastructure.
International cooperation is the linchpin of our strategy. Estonia collaborates
with international organizations, participates in EU climate negotiations, and
advocates for climate action. We're committed to increasing climate change
financing, enhancing climate resilience, and strengthening global partnerships.
While Estonia's small size and budget present challenges, we're turning lemons
into lemonade. Our expertise in digital governance and e-services can support
climate resilience efforts globally.
Estonia is doubling down on its commitment to climate refugees. Together, we
can mitigate its impacts and provide a lifeline to those most vulnerable.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://www.eib.org/en/press/all/2024-250-solid-grasp-of-climate-change-
causes-and-consequences-among-estonians-room-to-improve-in-knowledge-
of-solutions-eib-survey-finds
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A3AuCQml7IQ

4. FIJI- RUDRA KUMAR

Honourable EB MEMBERS AND ESTEEMED delegates,
"The ocean's fury reminds us of nature's wrath, and the plight of climate
refugees demands our collective compassion." Today, I stand before you as a
representative of Fiji, a nation on the frontline of climate change.
With 80% of our population residing in coastal areas, we're acutely vulnerable
to rising sea levels and intense cyclones. The 2018 Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC) report warns of a 26-82 cm sea-level rise by 2100. For
Fiji, this means:
- 42 villages earmarked for relocation
- 60,000 people displaced by 2050 (UNDP estimates)
- $100 million annual loss in GDP due to climate change (World Bank report)
Yet, amidst these challenges, Fiji remains an inspiration of hope. Our
collaboration with UNHCR and national authorities ensures effective
management of refugee arrivals. We've developed policies and standard
operating procedures for refugee status determination, aligned with the 1951
Refugee Convention.
As the African proverb goes, "When the ripe mango falls, all the village children
rejoice." Fiji's inclusive approach to refugee protection brings joy to those
seeking safety:
- 500 refugees resettled since 2015
- 90% refugee employment rate through partnerships with local businesses
- Access to education and healthcare for all refugees
However, the climate crisis demands more. We must "row together" to address
displacement. Solidarity means keeping our doors open, celebrating refugees'
strengths, and finding solutions to their plight.
Let's work together to:
- Enhance Climate Resilience: Support vulnerable communities through climate
adaptation and mitigation measures.
- Promote Inclusion: Foster a whole-of-society approach, integrating refugees
into national development plans.
- Protect Human Rights: Ensure access to education, employment, and
essential services for refugees.
In the words of Pacific Island wisdom, "The fish that swims against the current
gets to the source." Fiji stands as a shining example of resilience and
compassion. Let's collectively rise to the challenge, upholding the rights and
dignity of those displaced by climate change.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://www.unhcr.org/au/news/briefing-notes/fiji-shifting-tides-pacific-
refugee-protection#:~:text=%E2%80%9CFiji%20is%20a%20leader%20in,who
%20now%20call%20Fiji%20home.%E2%80%9D
https://www.climate-refugees.org/spotlight/cody-fiji

5. FRANCE -AYUSHMAN DAS

Honourable EB MEMBERS AND fellow champions of climate action,
As the representative of France, I'm proud to highlight our nation's pledge to
safeguarding climate refugees. France recognizes the devastating impact of
climate change on vulnerable populations and has taken concrete steps to
address this global challenge.
France has been at the forefront of climate action, hosting the historic Paris
Agreement in 2015. We've set ambitious targets to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions by 30% by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. According to
the Ministry for Ecological and Solidarity Transition, France's greenhouse gas
emissions decreased by 6.7% between 2018 and 2020.
In supporting climate refugees, France has provided humanitarian aid to
climate-affected communities worldwide. Between 2020 and 2022, France
allocated €1.5 billion to climate finance for developing countries. Our country
has welcomed over 40,000 refugees, primarily from Africa and the Middle East,
with 63% of them being resettled in 2022 alone.

To address climate migration, France has launched key initiatives. The French
Global Environment Facility supports climate change mitigation and adaptation
projects, allocating €1.2 billion in 2022. The Climate Migration and
Displacement Initiative addresses climate-related displacement, while the
French Development Agency funds climate resilience projects in developing
countries.
France calls for enhanced global cooperation to address climate migration. We
support the UNHCR's Climate Action Plan and collaborate with the European
Union on climate refugee policies. Our engagement in international climate
negotiations aims to strengthen global responses. At the One Planet Summit in
2021, France mobilized international action on climate change, securing
commitments worth €1 billion.

In conclusion, France reaffirms its commitment to safeguarding climate

refugees and addressing climate change. Between 2023 and 2025, France will
allocate an additional €2 billion to climate finance. We urge fellow nations to
join forces in this critical endeavor.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://onu.delegfrance.org/we-have-a-collective-duty-to-protect-migrants
https://www.unhcr.org/in/news/news-releases/unhcr-issues-
recommendations-2022-french-and-czech-presidencies-council-eu
6. HUNGARY -ANVI SONI
The clock is ticking, and the climate crisis is no longer a distant storm on the
horizon. It's a raging fire at our doorstep.
Honourable EB members AND DEAR DELEGATES, I, the delegate of Hungary, AM
HERE to sound the alarm for climate refugees worldwide.
As the wise words of Aristotle echo, "We are what we repeatedly do.
Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit." Let us make sustainability our
habit.
Hungary has taken concrete steps to address this issue. Our organizations have
worked tirelessly to support refugee children. Migration Aid successfully
enrolled 187 refugee children into schools in Budapest, providing them with
catch-up education and recreational activities.
To address this, Hungary launched the "VAHAVA" project in 2003, a joint
research initiative between the Ministry for the Environment and Water
Management and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. This project has
consolidated the scientific basis for policy-making and raised public awareness.
The Hungarian Charity Society of the Order of Malta assisted 13 refugee
children with non-formal catch-up classes and supported 79 refugee children
with school and kindergarten enrollment. UNICEF has also been instrumental in
ensuring the inclusion of Ukrainian refugee children in public education.
However, despite these efforts, challenges persist. The integration of refugee
children into the Hungarian education system remains difficult, particularly in
rural areas. Acquiring proficiency in the Hungarian language is also a pressing
need.
"Fall seven times, stand up eight." We must rise to the challenge. Hungary is
committed to addressing climate change through sustainable development,
international cooperation, and education.
In healthcare, nearly 800 refugees received medical care and treatment in
Hungary through RRP partners. UNICEF supported health check-ups and
vaccinations for refugee children living in the Dorkasz camp.

Yet, the public healthcare system still faces numerous challenges. To address
these gaps, we must "think globally, act locally." Hungary reaffirms its promise
to addressing climate change.
As Desmond Tutu said, "We are bound together in a delicate web of life." Let us
weave a safety net for climate refugees and ensure a resilient future for
generations to come.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/download/100549
https://www.unisdr.org/files/18582_thevahavareport08dec2010.pdf

RIHAN MIRDHAN – ICELAND

Honorable members of the United Nations,
Blessed are those who preserve the beauty of the Earth." We must preserve
the beauty of our planet for future generations.
Today, I, delegate of Iceland, express my deepest concern for the growing
number of climate refugees worldwide. The devastating impact of climate
change is a harsh reality that demands immediate attention and collective
action.
"When the river floods, the fish swim away, but the frogs remain to face the
calamity." We cannot afford to be like the frogs, complacent and unprepared.
We must take bold action.
Climate change is not just an environmental issue; it's a human rights issue. As
Desmond Tutu once said, "We are bound together in a delicate web of life, and
our actions have consequences." The consequences of inaction will be
catastrophic.
Iceland has long recognized the urgency of this issue and has taken concrete
steps to address it. We acknowledge the disproportionate effects of climate
change on vulnerable communities, particularly in developing countries. Our
commitment to sustainable development is reflected in our Strategy for
Sustainable Development, adopted in 1993, which outlines actions to promote
eco-friendly practices and reduce our carbon footprint.
Iceland has also been actively engaged in international cooperation to address
climate change. We have contributed to various United Nations institutions and
programs, including the United Nations Development Programme, UNICEF, and
the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Our expertise in
geothermal and hydroelectric power has enabled us to share knowledge with
developing states, promoting renewable energy solutions.
Furthermore, we have taken measures to integrate environmental concerns
into our decision-making processes. Our Environmental Impact Assessment Act
ensures that major projects undergo thorough evaluation to minimize harm to
the environment. We also prioritize education and awareness, recognizing the
critical role of informed citizens in driving sustainable development.
- Geothermal Training Programme: Sharing Iceland's expertise with developing
countries to promote renewable energy solutions
- Fisheries Training Programme: Enhancing food security through sustainable
fishing practices
- Environmental Education: Integrating sustainable development into national
curricula guidelines

The plight of climate refugees demands our collective responsibility and action.
Iceland reaffirms its obligation to addressing climate change through
sustainable development, international cooperation, and education.
As Nelson Mandela said, "The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling,
but in rising every time we fall." Let us rise to the challenge of climate change,
together.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://www.government.is/topics/environment-climate-and-nature-
protection/climate-change/

VANIYA PANWAR – INDONESIA

Honourable EB MEMBERS AND DEAR delegates,

The climate crisis is a ticking time bomb, and we must defuse it before it's too
late. As Ban Ki-moon aptly stated, our collective future hangs in the balance.
Indonesia, with its vast population and extensive coastal regions, is acutely
vulnerable to climate-related hazards. We're at a crossroads, and the path we
choose will determine our future.
Indonesia is extremely vulnerable to climate change, with high risks of floods,
landslides, droughts, and forest fires. Between 2008 and 2021, 4.2 million
people have been internally displaced due to flooding. The eastern and
western regions of Java, our most densely populated island, are hotspots for
multiple extreme weather events.

The climate crisis threatens to reverse our socio-economic progress. Sea level
rise puts 42 million Indonesians at risk, and coastal flood hazards
disproportionately affect our low-income and vulnerable populations. Our
agriculture sector, employing 29% of our workforce, faces severe crisis due to
extreme weather events.

To address these challenges, Indonesia is committed to cutting down extractive

practices harmful to nature and our people. We launched the Net Sink 2030
Operation Plan to achieve net zero deforestation by 2030 and made strides in
scaling down deforestation through governing palm oil supply chains.

As part of the Paris Agreement, we committed to reducing greenhouse gas

emissions by 29% unconditionally and 41% conditionally by 2030. Our National
Adaptation Plan prioritizes protecting vulnerable coastal areas, managing crop
production, and developing drought resilience.

However, adaptation is not an option but the only way forward. We must
revoke authorizations for new coal power plant development, scale down oil
reliance, and decrease our dependency on palm oil. We need a just transition
to ensure economic and climate resilience for our smallholder farmers through
crop diversification.

We urge our international partners to join us in addressing this critical issue,

ensuring the dignity and well-being of those displaced by climate change.
Together, we can create a more resilient and inclusive future for all.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://belonging.berkeley.edu/climatedisplacement/case-studies/indonesia
https://www.unhcr.org/id/wp-content/uploads/sites/42/2022/08/Indonesia-
Fact-Sheet-June-2022-FINAL.pdf
https://reporting.unhcr.org/operational/operations/indonesia
https://www.greenwelfare.org/post/the-rise-of-climate-refugees-in-
indonesia

DRISHTI – IRELAND
The future of humanity is at stake, and the time for action is now." - Ban Ki-
moon
Honourable EB MEMBERS AND DEAR delegates, I, THE DELEGATE OF IRELAND,
address the pressing issue of climate-induced displacement. The stark reality is
that over 21 million people are forced to flee their homes annually due to
extreme weather-related disasters, with the majority being women and
children in developing countries. This staggering figure only scratches the
surface, as countless others are displaced by slow-onset hazards like droughts
and coastal erosion.

As the saying goes, "a rising tide lifts all boats," but in this case, climate change
is a tidal wave that threatens to engulf vulnerable communities worldwide. We
cannot afford to "bury our heads in the sand" or "fiddle while Rome burns."
The time for denial is over; the time for action has begun.

Climate change exacerbates existing tensions, leading to conflict, displacement,

and complicated responses. While national laws and international human
rights law provide some protection, a glaring legal gap exists for cross-border
movements in the context of disasters and climate change. These individuals
are often not considered refugees under international law, and human rights
law falls short in addressing their admission, stay, and basic rights.

Ireland recognizes the urgency of this issue, having signed the 'Agenda for the
Protection of Cross-Border Displaced Persons in the Context of Disasters and
Climate Change' in 2015, alongside 109 other governments. Our Policy for
International Development, 'One World One Future,' prioritizes supporting
developing countries beset by conflict, disaster, or climate change.

As the African proverb goes, "when the ripe mango falls, all the birds will come
to eat." Climate change is the ripe mango, and it's our collective responsibility
to address its consequences.

Key Objectives:
- Protecting People Displaced by Climate Change: Enhance international
protection entitlements and technical capacity to respond to asylum claims.
- Promoting Sustainable Livelihoods: Support climate-resilient livelihoods, early
warning systems, and social protection programs.
- Strengthening Climate Resilience: Enhance disaster preparedness, provide
sustainable shelter, and increase access to climate-smart services.
- Minimizing Environmental Impact: Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and
transition to renewable energy sources.
The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Issues/ClimateChange
/Protection/Ireland.pdf

ISRAEL -MALLIKA HANDA

Honourable EB MEMBERS AND ESTEEMED delegates,
I rise before you today as the representative of the State of Israel, bearing
grave concern for the plight of climate refugees who imperiously face the
devastating consequences of global warming.

The Middle East, our geographic locale, is calamitously situated amidst a

climate change hotspot, beset by rising temperatures, precipitous declines in
precipitation, and sea level escalations that portend an existential threat to our
very survival.
Israel acknowledges the compounded vulnerabilities of climate refugees,
particularly women, who confront dual perils - both in their countries of origin
and during their displacement. Regrettably, our extant policies have heretofore
treated these demographics separately, neglecting the intricate
interconnectedness between climate change and gender.
Notwithstanding this oversight, Israel has initiated proactive measures to
mitigate the impacts of climate change. Our nation is augmenting coastal
infrastructure, fortifying water desalination projects, and constructing "climate
shelters" to safeguard our citizens and prepare for the impending influx of
climate migrants.
As a nation endowed with a robust economy, boasting a GDP per capita of
$52,170, Israel recognizes its singular capacity to confront this global challenge.
Our unique geopolitical position renders us a critical destination for climate
immigrants from the Middle East and Africa, obliging us to prioritize climate
resilience.

The anticipated influx of climate refugees from Syria, Jordan, Palestine, and
other regional countries poses a multifaceted security risk to Israel's stability
and capacity to navigate the perils of global warming. Undaunted by internal
and external challenges, Israel remains steadfast in its commitment to address
climate change.

To effectively address the impending arrival of female climate refugees, Israel

must acknowledge the symbiotic relationship between climate change and
gender. We must recognize the distinct needs of female refugees, including
enhanced protection from violence during climate events.

In this esteemed forum, Israel urges international cooperation to combat the

climate crisis, ensuring no nation is left vulnerable. We reaffirm our
commitment to safeguarding climate refugees, upholding their dignity and
well-being.

In conclusion, Israel advocates for collective action to address climate

migration, underscoring the vulnerability of female climate refugees. Together,
we can mitigate the unfolding human tragedy.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://iucn.org/story/202303/problem-has-no-name-gender-climate-
migration-and-case-israel

HARSHIT SUTHAR – Lichtenstein

Honourable EB MEMBERS AND DEAR delegates,
Today, I'm proud to fly the flag for Lichtenstein, a small but mighty European
principality that's pulling its weight in addressing climate refugee issues.
We're not shying away from this challenge. Our National Adaptation Strategy,
adopted in 2019, tackles climate change impacts on human migration head-on.
We're also putting our money where our mouth is through our Development
Cooperation Strategy.
We provide humanitarian aid to climate-related projects through organizations
like the Red Cross and UNHCR. We're also supporting climate change mitigation
and adaptation projects in developing countries through the Green Climate
Fund.
The University of Liechtenstein conducts cutting-edge research on climate
change impacts, adaptation, and migration. We're promoting sustainable
development, renewable energy, and climate-resilient infrastructure.
We're committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions through the Paris
Agreement and support international cooperation on migration through the
Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration.
We've integrated climate change education into our school curricula, raise
awareness on climate change and refugee issues through community
engagement, and aim to increase renewable energy production.
While our small size presents challenges, we're leveraging our expertise in
sustainable development, climate adaptation, and innovation to support global
efforts.
Liechtenstein stands in harmony with climate refugees worldwide.
https://www.icrc.org/en/document/liechtenstein-failure-to-act-against-
climate-change-not-option

PRANJAL – LUXEMBOURG
Honourable EB MEMBERS AND DEAR delegates,
The future of humanity rests on our ability to protect the vulnerable.
We must prioritize climate migrants and refugees, who face unimaginable
hardships. Today, I, DELEGATE OF LUXEMBERG, emphasize Luxembourg's
pledge to addressing the climate crisis and its devastating impact on vulnerable
communities worldwide. I want to highlight the urgent need for collective
action to support climate migrants and refugees.
To mitigate the effects of climate change, we must prioritize the development
of systems, infrastructure, plans, programs, and policies to support adaptive
capacity for rural communities. This includes facilitating internal migration or
relocation of coastal communities or households in response to climate
hazards.
- Resettlement and Protection: Provide access to protective facilities for
exposed populations and offer housing in safer areas to decrease vulnerability.
- Primary Health Care: Support climate migrants' primary health care needs by
ensuring access to water, sanitation, and essential medicines.
- Urban Planning: Develop and implement sustainable urban planning and
development plans for cities affected by flooding, including population
displacement.
- Targeted Training: Offer programs providing targeted training to develop skills
required for migrants to adapt in their new places of residence.
- Shelter and Communal Support: Provide shelter, including communal areas in
transit centers and reception centers.
Luxembourg reaffirms its commitment to the Paris Agreement and our goal to
limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. We will continue to work closely
with partner countries, international organizations, and civil society to address
global challenges.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://gouvernement.lu/dam-assets/documents/actualites/2021/07-
juillet/26-fci-dieschbourg/Strategie-FCI.pdf

MEXICO -VIRAJ WANKHADE

I stand before you as Mexico's voice, a nation that's deeply troubled by the
heartbreaking stories of climate refugees. The writing's on the wall - climate
change is ravaging our planet, and we're among the ones who'll be hit the
hardest
Between 2008 and 2022, over 2.3 million Mexicans were internally displaced
due to climate-induced disasters, primarily flooding and storms. The frequency
and severity of these events have increased alarmingly over the past 40 years,
with 14 years of floods and 18 years of storms between 2000 and 2020,
compared to 8 and 12, respectively, in the preceding two decades.

In 2020, Tropical Cyclone Cristobal and Hurricane Eta ravaged our nation,
causing widespread destruction and loss of life. Two years later, Hurricane
Roslyn displaced 90% of residents in San Blas and Santiago, leaving 100,000
people without power.

The consequences of climate change extend far beyond immediate disaster

response. Our agricultural sector, employing over 7 million people, is severely
impacted by extreme temperatures and unpredictable rainfall patterns,
exacerbating food insecurity for over 25% of our population.

Moreover, climate change threatens Mexico's coastal regions, with 11,000 km

of coastline vulnerable to tropical cyclones and hurricanes. In 2013, two storms
struck within 24 hours, causing $5.7 billion in damages.

As one of the largest producers of crude oil, Mexico recognizes its responsibility
to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We have committed to decreasing
emissions by 35% by 2030 and achieving 50% clean power by 2050.

We must address the root causes of climate change, recognizing the harm
inflicted by neoliberal globalization and inequitable free trade agreements. It is
imperative that we prioritize renewable energy, reduce reliance on extractive
industries, and ensure a just transition for marginalized communities.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://belonging.berkeley.edu/climatedisplacement/case-studies/mexico

HAVIKA SHARMA – MOLDOVA

Distinguished EB MEMBERS AND fellow champions of climate action,
As the representative of Moldova, I rise today to shed light on the shining
exemplar of humanitarianism that our nation has become in the face of climate
migration. Like a ray of sunshine piercing through the clouds, Moldova's
resolute dedication to safeguarding refugees has earned international acclaim,
and we stand proud as a shining example of resilience and compassion.

In the midst of turmoil, our country has opened its arms to welcome refugees,
demonstrating an unshakeable resolve to provide sanctuary and support. The
UN High Commissioner for Refugees, Filippo Grandi, has lauded our efforts,
acknowledging the remarkable courage and determination of the Moldovan
people in the face of adversity.

Through our legislative measures, we have woven a safety net of protection for
those seeking refuge, ensuring access to essential services and upholding the
principles of refugee inclusion, child rights, gender equality, and mitigation of
gender-based violence. Our initiatives have been a game-changer, providing a
lifeline to over 126,000 refugees through our cash assistance program, which
has disbursed an impressive USD 146 million since February 2022.

Furthermore, our legal assistance program has benefited an astonishing

177,000 refugees, while our 44 refugee accommodation centers have become
havens for 2,300 individuals, offering a sense of community and belonging.
Additionally, our 10 community centers have become vibrant hubs of activity,
fostering social cohesion and promoting intercultural understanding.

Moldova's experience serves as a tribute to international solidarity,

underscoring the imperative of collaborative efforts in addressing the root
causes of climate migration. We urge the international community to join
forces with us in this endeavor, recognizing that this global challenge demands
a unified response.

As we navigate the uncharted waters of climate change, we must prioritize

climate justice, ensuring the dignity and well-being of all individuals affected by
this phenomenon. The time for action is now, and Moldova stands ready to
walk the talk, hand in hand with the global community.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://reporting.unhcr.org/operational/operations/republic-
moldova#:~:text=UNHCR%20collaborates%20with%20the%20Government,or
%20freedom%20are%20at%20risk.
https://www.unhcr.org/europe/news/press-releases/un-high-commissioner-
refugees-commends-moldovas-commitment-safeguarding

MONGOLIA -RANVIJAY SINGH SKEKHWAT

Distinguished EB MEMBERS AND esteemed delegates,
I rise today as the voice of MONGOLIA, a nation whose conscience is
profoundly troubled by the heartbreaking stories of climate refugees. The
warning signs are alarming, the handwriting on the wall unmistakable – climate
change is unleashing its fury upon our fragile planet, and we are acutely
vulnerable to its most devastating consequences.
Mongolia is actually experiencing a significant internal migration issue due to
climate change, rather than receiving climate refugees from other countries.
This phenomenon is known as "Ih Nuudel" or "the big migration," where rural
populations are forced to move to the capital city of Ulaanbaatar due to
various factors, primarily climate change.

Mongolia is taking proactive steps to address climate change despite lacking

explicit laws or regulatory mechanisms. The country's existing environmental
protection laws indirectly tackle greenhouse gas emissions, and there's a
growing emphasis on introducing emission permits to allocate GHG emission
limits among various sectors ¹. To effectively implement adaptation and
emission reduction measures, Mongolia recognizes the importance of
establishing special regulations focused on climate change response and GHG
mitigation.

Through its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), Mongolia aims to

reduce total national greenhouse gas emissions by 22.7% by 2030. The Scaling
up Climate Ambition on Land Use and Agriculture through Nationally
Determined Contributions and National Adaptation Plans (SCALA) programme
has been supporting Mongolia's climate efforts since 2021. This partnership
has equipped provincial officials with essential knowledge and resources,
promoting concrete climate action and resilience to climate change impacts.

Mongolia's national development strategy and framework align with its NDC
targets, ensuring a cohesive approach to addressing climate change. Sectoral
strategies focus on climate-resilient agriculture, sustainable water
management, and promoting renewable energy sources. By strengthening its
legislative framework and enhancing climate change knowledge management,
Mongolia is moving towards a more sustainable and climate-resilient future.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://www.climate-refugees.org/spotlight/2022/1/21/mongolia
https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/mongnc1.pdf

https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/lib-docs/HRBodies/UPR/
Documents/session9/MN/HRCC_HumanRightsCenterforCitizens.pdf

NAMIBIA KARTIKEYA JAWA

My voice echoes the pleas of Namibia, a nation that has wrapped its
compassionate arms around 7,000 refugees seeking refuge within Osire's walls.
Among them, Mbuyi Kayembe's story pierces the heart - a brave soul who fled
Congo's conflict, witnessing his parents' tragic fall. Though Namibia's warmth
has cradled Mbuyi's family, their trials persist, intensified by unyielding
drought, meagre rations, and inflation's steady creep."

Namibia is classified as one of the countries most vulnerable to climate change

and natural hazards worldwide [UNU-EHS, 2016]. Our agricultural production,
which over 70% of our population depends on for survival, faces significant
losses due to climate change [NSA, 2012]. Droughts and floods, exacerbated by
climate change, pose serious threats to livelihoods and socioeconomic
development [Birkmann & Welle, 2015]. These hazards force communities to
migrate, seeking water, grazing land, arable land, or employment
opportunities.

Namibia has policies addressing migration, labor migration, and climate

change. However, there is a need to integrate disaster-induced displacement
into existing policy frameworks. The National Policy on Climate Change outlines
strategies to mitigate impacts, reduce vulnerability, and improve adaptive
capacity. The Disaster Risk Management Act establishes institutions for disaster
risk management, but its policy framework is response-oriented, lacking
guidelines for pre-event mitigation.

We urge the international community to provide immediate and sustainable

assistance to support Namibia's refugees. The UNHCR requires an additional
$700 million to maintain vital aid services. We cannot afford to leave these
vulnerable individuals behind.

Let us work together to ensure that refugees like Mbuyi and his family have a
brighter future.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://environmentalmigration.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1411/files/
documents/Assessing%20the%20Evidence_Namibia_EN.pdf

https://belonging.berkeley.edu/climatedisplacement/country-profiles/
namibia

NEW ZEALAND – PALAK

Esteemed Chairperson and Delegates,

I, the representative of New Zealand, committed to shaping a better future for
climate refugees. Our Pacific Island neighbours, including Fiji, Papua New
Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Tonga, Samoa, Cook
Islands, and French Polynesia, are on the frontline of climate change.

They face rising sea levels, drought, and intensifying storms that threaten their
very existence. Kiribati, Tuvalu, and the Republic of the Marshall Islands are
particularly vulnerable, with 180,000 people living in low-lying areas.

We recognize the urgency of this crisis and are taking proactive steps to
address it. Our Official Development Assistance (ODA) is focused on averting
and delaying climate-related displacement, with 60% of our $1.7 billion ODA
directed to the Pacific over three years. We're also committed to delivering on
our $200 million pledge made at COP21, supporting climate resilience and low-
carbon growth in the region.

We're facilitating regional dialogue through the Pacific Islands Forum, exploring
a regional instrument to address climate migration. By strengthening
international frameworks and championing the progressive development of
international law, we aim to protect Pacific Island countries' maritime rights in
the face of sea-level rise.

We acknowledge the desire of Pacific peoples to remain in their own countries

and maintain their cultural identities. Our support prioritizes regional and
country-level initiatives that build resilience and adaptation to climate change.
This includes disaster preparedness, response, and recovery, as well as
supporting Pacific Island countries in achieving their Nationally Determined
Contributions under the Paris Agreement.

Climate migration is a complex and sensitive issue, but together, we can

address it. We urge the international community to join us in this effort,
recognizing the inherent dignity and worth of climate refugees. Let us work
towards a future where climate migration is a planned, coordinated process
that respects the choices and resilience of Pacific peoples.

SOURCES USED IN SPEECH: https://apo.org.au/sites/default/files/resource-

files/2018-05/apo-nid213946.pdf

FOR COUNTER ARGUMENT:

New Zealand recognizes that climate change is an existential threat to low-lying
Pacific nations such as Kiribati and Tuvalu, where rising sea levels threaten the
very existence of these communities. The effects of climate change—worsening
storms, droughts, and floods—are pushing people from their homes. In
response to this urgent crisis, New Zealand has explored policies to ensure we
are prepared to assist those who may be forced to leave their countries due to
environmental changes.
We were among the first nations to consider a visa category specifically for
individuals displaced by climate change, offering an experimental humanitarian
visa to 100 climate refugees annually from our Pacific neighbours. This initiative
is a demonstration of our commitment to regional solidarity, working in
partnership with Pacific Island nations to provide refuge to those facing
environmental disasters. The goal is to enable these communities to seek
temporary or permanent resettlement while maintaining their cultural ties to
their homelands.

SOURCE: https://globalcitizen.org/en/content/new-zealand-climate-change-
refugees/

NIGE -G SRI AMRUTA

R

Honourable EB members and fellow citizens of our fragile yet resilient planet,

As I stand before you today, representing the venerable nation of Niger, I am

reminded of the touching paradox that defines our existence. We are a people
beset by the ravages of climate change, yet sustained by the unconquerable
spirit of resilience.

Our nation, nestled in the Sahel region, is a blunt evidence to the disastrous
consequences of environmental degradation. Droughts, floods, and
desertification stalk our lands, forcing our citizens to flee their homes in search
of refuge. The International Organization for Migration's study paints a chilling
picture: Niger, by 2050, will be home to the largest number of internal climate
migrants in West Africa.

But, we Nigeriens are not ones to succumb to despair. We have embarked on a

journey of sustainable redemption. In Ouallam, a town north of Niamey, our
market garden project flourishes, a testimony to human ingenuity and
solidarity. Refugees, internally displaced persons, and local communities
coalesce to cultivate life, literally and metaphorically.

Our women, veritable champions of resilience, tend to the land with reverence,
employing drip irrigation to conserve water and planting trees to stave off
desertification. Alternative energy sources and climate-resilient infrastructure
are our North Star.

Yet, we cannot navigate this perfect storm alone. We beseech the international
community to support our endeavours, to bolster our climate-resilient
infrastructure, and to share knowledge and technology.

Climate change knows no borders; its impact is felt most cruelly by the
vulnerable. We must transcend borders, ideologies, and interests to confront
this existential threat.

In Niger, we say, "The woman blossoms, just like the plants." May our collective
efforts nurture this spirit of resilience, fostering a world where communities
thrive, despite climate change's ravages.

Let us choose hope over despair, solidarity over isolation, and action over
apathy.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://rodakar.iom.int/news/climate-change-important-driver-migration-niger-
reveals-iom-study
https://www.unhcr.org/in/news/stories/communities-niger-adapt-
displacement-and-changing-climate
https://environmentalmigration.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1411/files/
documents/study-iom-migration-environment-and-climate-change-niger.pdf

NIGERI PRIYANSHU YADAV

A
Honourable EB members and dear delegates,
As I stand before you today, representing Nigeria, the behemoth of Africa, I am
reminded of the profound paradox that defines our existence. President Bola
Ahmed Tinubu's Renewed Hope National Agenda (2023-2027) heralds a new
era of transformative governance, uniting seamlessly with UNHCR's mandate.

Nigeria's humanitarian landscape is a complex variety, with over 87,000 asylum

seekers and refugees from 41 nations seeking solace within our borders. The
Lake Chad Basin region, ravaged by conflict, communal violence, and climate-
related shocks, presents a daunting challenge. Our response, therefore, must
be multifaceted, marrying empathy with efficacy.

In this endeavour, we are not alone. UNHCR's 2023-2025 strategy for Nigeria
sets our collective vision: to fortify the protection environment, empower
displaced communities through education and livelihood initiatives, and foster
synergies with government, humanitarian, and development stakeholders.

As we navigate the intricate dynamics of displacement, we recognize the

imperative of nuance. Cash-based interventions, community-led organizations,
and inclusive policies will constitute the cornerstones of our approach. Data-
driven decision-making, dialogue, and development engagement will inform
our strategy, ensuring that our responses are calibrated to the complexities of
the challenge.

In concert with the Nigerian Government, UN agencies, international financial

institutions, and regional organizations, we shall strengthen national services,
livelihood opportunities, and long-term protection mechanisms. This symphony
of collaboration will harmonize the discordant notes of displacement, yielding a
melody of hope and resilience.

I invite our international partners to join us in this noble endeavour, to confront

the hydra-headed challenges of climate change, and to safeguard the
vulnerable. Together, we can script a narrative of triumph, one that echoes
through the ages.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://reporting.unhcr.org/operational/operations/nigeria#:~:text=For
%20refugees%2C%20the%20Government%20of,refugees%2C%20the
%20majority%20from%20Cameroon.
https://environmentalmigration.iom.int/blogs/climate-change-disasters-
insecurity-and-displacement-impact-flooding-youth-marginalization-and-
human-mobility-nigeria#:~:text=About%20the%20Author:,Political
%20Science%20from%20Macalester%20College.

OMAN -VAMIKA

Honourable EB members and dear delegates,

As I stand before you today, representing the resilient nation of Oman, I am

reminded of the existential vulnerabilities that beset our fragile land. Climate
change, that great leveller of human endeavours, stalks our shores with an
unrelenting ferocity, leaving in its wake a trail of devastation and despair.

The tempests that tore through our lands, most notably Cyclone Shaheen, have
exacted a terrible toll: 13 precious lives lost, billions in damages incurred, and
the very fabric of our society worn. And yet, even amidst such calamity, we find
solace in our unwavering resolve to confront this hydra-headed menace.

Oman is committed to addressing climate change, acknowledging its far-

reaching consequences on our natural resources, infrastructure, and people.
Our urban development strategy prioritizes climate resilience, emphasizing
mitigation strategies in flood-prone regions and responsible construction
practices.

However, we face significant challenges. Lack of funding and expertise hinders

our ability to adapt to this increasingly volatile climate. Insufficient national
standards for building design and urban planning exacerbate our vulnerability.
The absence of modern legislative systems for city planning perpetuates
unregulated construction growth, encroaching into flood-prone valleys.

Climate change costs Oman billions, compromising our water resources,

agriculture, and fisheries. Rising seawater salinity and declining rainfall imperil
marine biodiversity and agricultural productivity. Our medieval Aflaj Irrigation
Systems, crucial for agricultural lands, suffered extensive damage during
Cyclone Shaheen.

To address these challenges, we urge international cooperation and support.

We must share knowledge, expertise, and resources to develop resilient
infrastructure and climate-adaptive strategies. Oman aims to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions by 7 percent by 2030 and invites partners to join us
in this endeavour.

Let us collectively prioritize climate action, safeguarding the future of our

nations and the dignity of climate refugees.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://www.newarab.com/features/eye-storm-climate-change-oman

https://ochrdoman.org/en/climate-change-2/

https://www.omanobserver.om/article/1146468/oman/environment/oman-
affirms-commitment-to-fighting-climate-change

YASHVI MOONDRA – PALAU

Distinguished EB Members and esteemed delegates,

As I stand before you today, representing the diminutive yet resilient nation of
Palau, I am reminded of the existential cliff upon which we wobble. Climate
change, that giant of our times, threatens to engulf our shores, leaving in its
wake a trail of devastation and despair.

The writing is on the wall: rising temperatures, sea-level rise, ocean

acidification, and extreme rainfall events will intensify, unless we take
concerted action. Our nation's warming trend, a ticking time bomb since the
1950s, will continue to exact a terrible toll.

However, we refuse to be bogged down by despair. Palau has charted an

ambitious course, setting mitigation targets that will reduce our energy sector
emissions by 22% below 2005 levels and increase renewable energy share to
45% by 2025. We're thinking outside the box, exploring innovative solutions,
and harnessing the power of carbon pricing and green public procurement
strategies.

Yet, despite these Herculean efforts, challenges loom large. Financing, land
capacity, and economies of scale remain stubborn obstacles. The global
mitigation agenda, a double-edged sword, may impact our economy through
higher fuel costs, transport costs, and decreased tourism.
In this perfect storm, international cooperation is our lifeline. Climate change
knows no borders; our collective action will determine the fate of nations like
mine. We must join forces, pool our resources, and forge a united front against
this common enemy.

Let us not be ostriches, burying our heads in the sand. Let us confront climate
change head-on, with courage, conviction, and a commitment to safeguarding
our future.

The clock is ticking. The fate of countless climate refugees, hangs in the
balance. Let us rise to the challenge, and ensure a resilient tomorrow for all.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/002/2023/431/article-A001-
en.xml

https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/lib-docs/HRBodies/UPR/
Documents/Session11/PW/UNHCR_UNHighCommissionerforRefugees-
eng.pdf

TO TARGET NEW ZEALAND:

https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/pacific/526936/is-new-zealand-s-immigration-
set-up-to-take-in-climate-migrants-from-the-pacific

CHINA -AARSH SONI

Honourable EB members and dear delegates,
As a representative of China, the world's second-largest country by population
and economy, I stand before you today to share our nation's commitment to
combating climate change.
China is vulnerable to storms, droughts, floods, land subsidence, and landsides,
impacting agriculture and livelihoods. Our 1.4 billion people face climate-
induced displacement, with 942,000 internally displaced persons and 6.2
million affected by flooding annually.
To mitigate these challenges, China has committed to achieving net carbon
neutrality by 2060. We're shifting our economy from manufacturing to high-
value services, investing in clean energy ($72 billion in 2019), and rolling out
carbon emission trading schemes.
Our resilience and mitigation pathways include:
- Increasing non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to 25%
- Expanding forest stock volume by 6 billion cubic meters
- Reaching 1.2 billion kilowatts of wind and solar power capacity by 2030
However, we cannot do this alone. International cooperation and dialogue are
crucial for successful climate mitigation and adaptation. We urge the global
community to support our efforts, ensure transparency, and amplify the voices
of affected workers and local communities.
Together, let's build capacity for climate action and sustain China's progress in
reducing carbon emissions.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://belonging.berkeley.edu/climatedisplacement/case-studies/china

https://climatemigration.org.uk/climate-change-driving-migration-chinas-
vulnerable-cities/

SHAURYA VARDHAN SINGH – ROMANIA

Esteemed members of the EB and distinguished delegates, I, the representative
of Romania, am honoured to reaffirm our nation's steadfast commitment to
tackling the critical issue of climate refugees. Romania has consistently
demonstrated its dedication to providing a secure and welcoming environment
for individuals displaced by environmental factors, thereby upholding the
principles of humanitarianism and solidarity
Since 1992, the UNHCR Office in Romania has been instrumental in ensuring
asylum seekers have access to fair and efficient procedures. In 2012 alone,
2,511 individuals sought asylum in Romania, with 43 being unaccompanied
minors or children separated from their families. We have granted refugee
status to 161 individuals and complementary protection to 177, primarily from
Algeria, Morocco, Pakistan, Syria, and Afghanistan.

To enhance the asylum process, UNHCR Romania conducts border monitoring,

cross-border meetings, and training for border guards and police. We have also
implemented projects like the Asylum Quality Assurance and Evaluation
Mechanism and Further Developing Asylum Quality. These initiatives improved
refugee status determination procedures, asylum interviews, and decision-
making processes.

Moreover, UNHCR Romania monitors reception centers and private homes to

identify specific needs and shortcomings. We provide general and legal
information materials, train interpreters, and advise the government on
resettlement and integration policies. Our Emergency Transit Centre in
Timisoara offers temporary shelter and language training for refugees awaiting
resettlement.

Romania has agreed to key conventions on statelessness and is working to

establish a determination procedure. We have set up a National Task Force and
published the Handbook on Statelessness for Parliamentarians. Through media
relations, partnerships with universities and corporations, and public
awareness campaigns, we strive to inform and educate the local public.

We are vulnerable to floods, droughts, and socio-economic instability. To

address this, we aim to achieve net zero emissions by 2050 and build resilience
while promoting inclusive economic growth.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/romnc3.pdf
https://belonging.berkeley.edu/climatedisplacement/country-profiles/
romania

RUSSIA -LABHANSHI

Honourable EB members and dear delegates,

As a representative of Russia, I acknowledge the complex implications of

climate change on our nation and the world. While many face catastrophic
consequences, Russia's vast territory and natural resources position us to adapt
and benefit.

Agricultural production is increasing due to warming temperatures. Our wheat

exports have jumped 100% since 2015, making us the world's largest wheat
exporter. This positions Russia as a key player in global food security.
However, we recognize the global nature of climate migration and urge
cooperation to:

- Share knowledge and best practices

- Support climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts
- Ensure the rights and dignity of climate refugees

Russia is committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, protecting

biodiversity, and contributing to global climate governance.

The steady melting of Arctic sea ice will open new shipping lanes, cutting
transit times and positioning Russia to profit. Our cities and military bases are
less vulnerable to sea-level rise.

In contrast, the United States faces significant challenges. Crop yields from
Texas to Nebraska could fall by up to 90% by 2040. America's agricultural
industry, a significant instrument of leverage in foreign affairs, is in danger.

We invite Russians willing to relocate to Siberia and the Far East to buy
properties at 2% interest and apply for free plots of farmland. College and
trade training can also be free.

However, our resettlement efforts face challenges. Replacement migration

from China, North Korea, Japan, the Caucasus, and Central Asian states fills
labour gaps.

Russia needs labour in the east and contemplates flying workers in from India.
We anticipate a significant influx of climate migrants from Asia and beyond.

Let's work together to address the climate crisis, ensuring a livable future for
all.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/12/16/magazine/russia-climate-
migration-crisis.html

https://wires.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/wcc.872

SAUDI ARABIA -JAYESH RALIYA

Honourable EB Members and dear delegates,

As a representative of Saudi Arabia, I highlight our nation's historical
contributions to refugee protection instruments. We were a founding member
of the UN and actively participated in drafting key human rights instruments,
including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the 1951 Convention.

Contrary to popular perception, Saudi Arabia has a long history of providing

refuge and migration. Our population is predominantly non-citizens, with many
seeking refuge in the Hijaz region.

We've introduced special residence policies for de facto refugees, including

Yemenis, Syrians, and Rohingya. These adaptable policies function as indirect
asylum policies.

However, challenges persist. Our kafala system regulates migration, tying

residence permits to work contracts, and raising human rights concerns,
including exploitation risks.

Our diplomat, Jamil Baroody, played a crucial role in shaping refugee protection
laws, advocating for State sovereignty and the rights of Palestine refugees.

However, Saudi Arabia faces unique challenges in addressing climate refugees.

Our geographical location and cultural context require tailored solutions.

We urge international cooperation to address climate migration's root causes

and ensure the rights and dignity of climate refugees.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://academic.oup.com/ijrl/article/35/3/251/7439896

https://carnegieendowment.org/posts/2023/07/climate-change-and-
vulnerability-in-the-middle-east?lang=en

AVANTIKA GODARA – SENEGAL

Esteemed members of the Executive Board AND distinguished delegates, , I am

privileged to address this gathering today as the representative of Senegal. As
we convene to discuss the pressing issue of climate refugees, I am reminded
that the climate crisis knows no borders, and its consequences spare no nation.
We're experiencing devastating climate hazards - floods, droughts, epidemics,
and storms - that account for over 90% of our average annual hazard
occurrence from 1980 till present.

The consequences are dire. Between 1980 and 2000, we had six years of
flooding, increasing to 12 between 2001 and 2020. In 2018, 320,000
Senegalese were affected by drought. The coastal city of Saint Louis is a
hotspot for out-migration due to erosion and extreme weather events. In 2022,
torrential rains led to destructive flooding, displacing 1,396 families and
destroying houses and schools.

Climate change exacerbates existing tensions between farmers and migratory

pastoralists, posing significant challenges to livelihoods and social cohesion.
Our GDP stands at $27.68 billion, with 27.7% of our population living in severe
multidimensional poverty. The urban coastal zone, home to 67% of our
population and responsible for 90% of industrial production, faces significant
threats from flooding.

To combat this, Senegal has pledged to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 7%

by 2030 under the Paris Agreement. We're prioritizing mitigation measures,
such as enhancing carbon sequestration in agriculture and forestry, adopting
renewable energies, and improving waste management. Our adaptation
measures focus on reinforcing climate observation systems and safeguarding
communities.

However, we need international support for a just transition inclusive of our

underserved communities. We must prioritize comprehensive measures,
including investments in resilient infrastructure, improved urban planning, and
robust flood management systems. It's imperative we shift focus from
extractive sectors to sustainable and regenerative economies.
Key Action Areas:
- Invest in Resilient Infrastructure: Protect our coastal zones and urban areas
from flooding and erosion.
- Promote Sustainable Development: Shift from extractive sectors to renewable
energies and sustainable agriculture.
- Support Climate Adaptation: Enhance climate observation systems and
safeguard vulnerable communities.
- Foster International Cooperation: Collaborate with global partners to address
climate change impacts.

Let's work together to build a resilient future for Senegal and the world. We
owe it to our people, our planet, and our collective well-being.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://belonging.berkeley.edu/climatedisplacement/case-studies/senegal

https://www.undp.org/blog/migrants-can-be-climate-action-
champions#:~:text=Senegalese%20communities%20are%20battling
%20with,sustainable%20reintegration%20of%20returning%20migrants

https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/776881634532602504/pdf/
Groundswell-Africa-Deep-Dive-into-Internal-Climate-Migration-in-Senegal.pdf

SERBI -ABHI
A
Honourable EB Members and dear delegates,
I rise before you today as the representative of Serbia, a nation beset
by the tumultuous tides of the global refugee crisis. Our country has
borne witness to the unrelenting influx of hundreds of thousands of
refugees seeking sanctuary in Western Europe, with over 1.5 million
traversing our borders since 2015.

"As the world grapples with the complexities of this crisis, we are
reminded that 'the test of our progress is not whether we add more
to the abundance of those who have much; it is whether we provide
enough for those who have too little.'" (Franklin D. Roosevelt)

In 2021, our nation experienced a surge in arrivals, with 11,457 new

refugees entering our country between April and June, a threefold
increase from the same period in 2020. This flood has strained our
reception and asylum centers, currently hosting over 5,600 refugees,
including 154 women and 94 girls. We are truly "between a rock and
a hard place," struggling to balance our humanitarian obligations
with limited resources.
"The refugee crisis is a blunt reminder that 'the whole is more than
the sum of its parts.'" (Aristotle)

Refugees in Serbia confront numerous obstacles. Women and

children are particularly vulnerable, often arriving physically
exhausted and psychologically traumatized. They are at high risk of
gender-based violence, including physical and sexual violence,
exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. We must "take the bull by
the horns" and address these issues head-on.

To address these challenges, UNICEF has integrated its response to

gender-based violence into its overall program in Serbia. This
encompasses:

1. Establishing Safe Spaces: Creating sanctuaries where women and

girls can access information, services, and support confidentially.
2. Partnerships: Collaborating with public institutions, Belgrade
University, and civil society to ensure sustainable impact.
3. Financial and Technical Support: Enhancing state agencies'
safeguarding policies and procedures.
4. Integrating GBV and Child Protection: Incorporating gender-based
violence and child protection into broader EU migration management
initiatives.

"Alone we can do so little; together we can do so much." (Helen

Keller) By "pooling our resources," we can achieve far more than we
could alone.

Between October 2019 and June 2021, UNICEF and partners

provided GBV prevention and response services to 3,262 individuals,
including psychosocial support, counseling, case management, and
referral for specialized support.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://www.unicef.org/eca/media/18131/file/
GBV_Serbia_Factsheet___September_2021.pdf

https://www.rescue.org/country/serbia

DRISHTI – SINGAPORE

Ladies and gentlemen, esteemed delegates,

I, the delegate of Singapore, bring to your attention a pressing concern that

demands our collective action—a challenge that transcends borders and
demands our collective action. According to the United Nations, climate change
could displace as many as 200 million people by 2050. This figure is not just a
statistic; it signifies lives disrupted and communities torn apart. In light of this
looming crisis, Singapore has taken proactive steps to mitigate climate change
and prepare for its consequences, including the rise of climate refugees.

We invite collaboration to address climate refugees and promote a harmonious

and inclusive world. Let us work together to make a meaningful difference in
their lives.
Singapore has developed a comprehensive climate action framework to guide
our efforts. We are committed to achieving net-zero emissions by around 2050,
in alignment with the Paris Agreement. This pledge reflects our dedication to
reducing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing adaptive capacity—not just
for ourselves, but for the global community.

Investment in infrastructure resilience is paramount. Singapore has allocated

over S$100 billion (approximately USD 75 billion) to strengthen our defences
against rising sea levels and extreme weather events. Initiatives like the Coastal
and Flood Protection Fund are crucial in safeguarding our coastal areas,
ensuring that we remain a stable and welcoming refuge for those who may be
displaced by climate impacts.

Moreover, Singapore actively engages in regional cooperation within Southeast

Asia. Through ASEAN and other international forums, we aim to foster
collaboration and support for our neighbours facing acute climate challenges.
We recognize that climate change knows no borders, and collective action is
essential to address this global crisis.

Public awareness is also a priority. We are committed to raising awareness

about climate change and its repercussions, including migration. Through
educational campaigns, we seek to build a resilient society that understands
and prepares for these challenges.

Research and data collection are critical in shaping our strategies. Singapore
supports initiatives that analyse climate migration trends, helping us better
inform our policies. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
emphasizes that addressing the needs of displaced individuals must be a
priority in both national and international frameworks. We are ready to lead by
example.

We are in active discussions with NGOs and other stakeholders to explore best
practices. It is essential to create a legal and social framework that
accommodates those fleeing climate impacts.

In conclusion, Singapore is committed to addressing the causes of climate

change while preparing for its effects, including the potential influx of climate
refugees. Together, we can create a more resilient future—one where nations
collaborate to protect the most vulnerable among us.

FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://www.greenplan.gov.sg/

https://thesustainabilityproject.life/blog/2021/03/10/climate-refugees/

https://www.vaticannews.va/en/church/news/2024-09/pope-francis-
singapore-interview-commission-migrants.html

SLOVENIA -HIMNISH TOSHIWAL

Honourable EB Members and dear delegates,

As the world grapples with the intricate complexities of climate
refugee crises, Slovenia stands tall, firm in its commitment to
providing a hope for those seeking sanctuary.

"Like a ray of sunshine in a tempestuous storm," our nation has

opened its doors to those fleeing the devastating consequences of
climate change. Through our participation in the EU emergency
relocation scheme and resettlement of asylum seekers from Syria's
neighboring countries, we have demonstrated our unyielding
dedication to upholding human rights.

Our regulatory framework for residence permits is a cornerstone of

protection and integration, providing a clear pathway for foreigners
to embark on a journey of assimilation into Slovenian society.
Temporary residence permits serve as a stepping stone, renewable
under the same conditions, while permanent residence permits offer
a haven of stability after a certain uninterrupted and legal period of
residence.

"The whole is greater than the sum of its parts," and our holistic
approach addresses the multifaceted needs of migrants. Family
reunification procedures are a cornerstone of our policy, ensuring
that persons with refugee status or subsidiary protection can reunite
with their loved ones, rekindling the flame of hope in their hearts.

However, the spectre of unaccompanied minors looms large,

requiring specialized care and protection. Undaunted, we have
pioneered pilot projects for accommodation and support, providing
24-hour care and access to leisure activities, a lifeline for these
vulnerable souls.

"Education is the key to unlocking the potential" of migrants, and our

scholarship programs and exemption from tuition fees have paved
the way for social inclusion, mitigating the brain drain that threatens
to deprive countries of origin of their brightest minds.
We urge the international community to recognize the complexities
of climate refugee crises and provide support to countries like
Slovenia, shouldering the burden of protection. Collective efforts are
necessary to address the root causes of migration, ensure protection,
and promote sustainable development.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://gcap.global/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Faces-of-
migration-2020-ENG.pdf

https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/sloenc1.pdf

SOMALIA -AARAV SINGH

Honourable EB members and dear delegates,

As I stand before you today, my heart swells with emotion, weighed
down by the gravity of Somalia's plight. Our nation has been beset by
a perfect storm of poverty, marginalization, armed violence,
insecurity, and natural hazards, leaving in its wake a trail of
devastation that has ravaged countless lives.

Like a phoenix rising from the ashes, Somalia has shown resilience in
the face of adversity, but the relentless onslaught of climate change
has tested our mettle. Recurrent climatic shocks, such as drought and
flooding, have become an unwelcome norm, displacing thousands
annually and leaving our people feeling like leaves blown about by
the winds of fate.

The recent floods, spawned by the El Niño weather phenomenon,

have left an indelible mark on our nation, affecting over 1.24 million
people, displacing 456,800, and claiming 32 lives. This calamity has
only added to the woes of our internally displaced persons, who now
number 3.8 million, with 2.4 million forced to flee their homes due to
the climate crisis since January 2021.
Women, girls, and people living with disabilities have borne the brunt
of this crisis, their vulnerability exacerbated by the intersecting lines
of conflict and climate change. Somalia's ranking as second globally
in exposure to natural hazards and fourth in coping capacity
underscores the dire circumstances we face.

Yet, amidst this turmoil, Somalia remains steadfast in its commitment

to supporting climate refugees. Our diaspora community has been a
shining light, their remittances a vital lifeline that surpasses foreign
aid, injecting vital capital into our economy and bolstering our
Sustainable Development Goals.

Through the prism of IOM Somalia's efforts, we have focused on

targeted support to IDPs, conflict- and climate-affected populations,
vulnerable host communities, refugees, returnees, and migrants. Our
humanitarian assistance has been a drop of solace in an ocean of
despair, providing livelihood support, medical aid, temporary
accommodation, movement assistance, mental health support, and
lifesaving WASH assistance.

However, our endeavors are hamstrung by limited resources. The

funding gap poses a significant challenge, requiring $142,764,200 to
support 3,556,000 people and 292 entities. Moreover, the
infrastructure damage wrought by floods has compromised health
facilities, contaminated water sources, and poses a grave threat to
the lives of our people.

We implore the international community to recognize Somalia's

struggles and provide support to address the root causes of this
crisis, ensure protection, and promote sustainable development.
Together, we can forge a pathway to resilience, building a brighter
future for Somalia.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://crisisresponse.iom.int/response/somalia-crisis-response-
plan-2024

https://www.climate-refugees.org/perspectives/2022/6/8/somalia

https://www.unhcr.org/in/news/stories/displaced-somalis-and-
refugees-struggle-recover-climate-change-brings-new-threats

SRI LANKA -ADITYA VIKRAM

Honourable EB Members and dear delegates,

As the radiant dawn breaks over the horizon, casting a warm glow
upon our gathering, I rise to speak on behalf of Sri Lanka, a resilient
island nation nestled in the lush heart of South Asia. Our nation has
faced the fiery trials of climate change, and yet, we stand firm in our
commitment to address this pressing global concern.

Our island home, blessed with lush forests, majestic elephants, and
pristine beaches, is a haven of biodiversity, where the rhythms of
nature still whisper secrets to those who listen. But, alas, our
vulnerability to climate-related impacts threatens the very fabric of
our existence.

With a population of 21.9 million people, 81% of whom dwell in rural

areas, Sri Lanka's embroidery is woven from the threads of resilience
and determination. Our tropical climate, a symphony of three distinct
regions, makes us prone to the tempests of natural disasters.

Despite our modest contribution of 0.06% to global CO2 emissions,

we are determined to reduce our emissions by 4% under the Paris
Agreement by 2030 and achieve net-zero emissions by 2050.
However, the weight of external pressures and internal challenges
looms large, testing our mettle like tempered steel in the fire.
As a former British colony, Sri Lanka struggles with a growing public
debt, which has increased from 91% to 119% of GDP between 2018
and 2021. Our largest trading partner, the United States, accounts for
26.8% of our export partnerships, often at the expense of exploiting
local communities. This precarious economic situation undermines
our ability to effectively implement climate change mitigation and
adaptation strategies.

Climate-related disasters have devastated our nation, with over 3.4

million internal displacements between 2008 and 2022. The 2017
floods and landslides displaced over 500,000 individuals, claiming
213 lives, while droughts affected 1.9 million people, rendering
300,000 households food insecure. These dire consequences
underscore the urgent need for collective action.

To combat these challenges, Sri Lanka has implemented various

initiatives. We aim to achieve 70% renewable energy in our electricity
grid by 2030 through solar, wind, hydro, and biomass production. Our
Climate-Smart Agriculture policies enhance early warning systems,
risk management strategies, and pest management plans. We're also
expanding aquaculture, breeding resilient aquatic species, and
increasing production capabilities in vulnerable lagoon locations.

Furthermore, our labor migration network and resettlement

initiatives support vulnerable communities. However, to fully realize
our goals, we urge the international community to support Sri Lanka
in a just transition. We need programs to alleviate our debt burden,
decrease pressures on extractive economic pursuits, and encourage
economic diversification.

We must also democratize our economic system to stabilize our

political situation and uplift participation of vulnerable laborers. This
includes addressing labor law violations, ensuring safe work
environments, and providing fair benefits. By working together, we
can build a resilient Sri Lanka, equipped to address the climate
refugee crisis and ensure a sustainable future for our people.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://srilanka.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1601/files/
documents/2024-07/roadmap_climate-mobility_0.pdf

https://belonging.berkeley.edu/climatedisplacement/case-
studies/sri-lanka

SUDAN -LOHITAKSH PARIHAR

Honourable EB Members and dear delegates,

As I stand before you today, my heart swells with pride to represent

Sudan, a nation forged in resilience, nestled in the heart of Africa.
Our rural countryside, the cradle of 64% of Sudanese, has weathered
the tempests of time, only to be ravaged by the devastating drought
and desertification crisis of 1985. This fragile recovery was further
shattered by the onset of civil war in Darfur and South Kordofan,
unleashing a maelstrom of displacement and insecurity.

Our agricultural sector, the lifeblood of our economy, supporting 80%

of Sudan's workforce and contributing 32.7% of our GDP, lies
battered and bruised. Climate change has poured fuel on the flames
of existing vulnerabilities, while ongoing conflict has lopped off 60%
of farming activities in Sennar and western Kordofan states, and a
staggering 68% in Khartoum state. Consequently, 59% of rural
households teeter on the precipice of moderate or severe food
insecurity.

The conflict has ripped asunder the fabric of employment,

livelihoods, and access to basic services, leaving rural residents to
navigate a perfect storm of adversity. Approximately 37% of rural
households have been forced to pivot, shifting income-generating
activities, while 15% have suffered substantial income losses. This has
left many households vulnerable to the slings and arrows of illness
shocks, compelling them to divert scarce financial resources to
medical treatment, even as hunger lurks in the shadows.

A staggering 73% of rural households dwell in inadequate housing,

perilously poised on the brink of collapse or fire. Furthermore, 32%
are plunged into darkness, devoid of electricity, while 30% lack access
to household water, forcing many to resort to makeshift lavatories
dug into dirt floors. The collapse of the local currency, coupled with a
decline in purchasing power, has exacerbated the suffering of rural
residents, rendering their existence a stark struggle for survival.

According to the United Nations Agriculture and Food Organization,

Sudan's agricultural production plummeted by 46% in the 2023-24
season, a devastating consequence of conflict, erratic rainfall, and
limited agricultural inputs. Erratic rainfall distribution and prolonged
droughts in southeastern Sudan have poured salt into the wound,
while state revenues dwindled by over 80%, leaving Sudan unable to
bridge the chasm between crop production and annual consumption.

To add insult to injury, the Rapid Support Forces continue to pillage

and plunder, preventing farmers in Gezira state from harvesting their
crops, and instead looting produce and machinery. This destructive
activity, compounded by livestock deaths due to air raids, has
displaced more families, rendering them unable to meet basic needs.
The situation has driven many, including innocent children, into the
arms of armed groups or the abyss of armed looting.

The FAO warns that the conflict strangles herd movements and
restricts access to grazing resources. As the conflict metastasizes into
tribal conflict, it threatens to hinder pastoralist movement in Darfur,
Kordofan, and Gezira, potentially igniting a powder keg of violent
conflict. The interruption of herd movements and disrupted
immunization have created a fertile ground for disease outbreaks,
inevitably culminating in herd deaths.

In summary, the effects of conflict on rural Sudan are nothing short

of catastrophic, leaving millions on the brink of starvation and
fostering an environment ripe for armed groups and increased
looting. Our government has taken proactive steps, establishing the
2019-2023 Khartoum Action Plan for Disaster Risk Reduction,
improving water resources management, and promoting climate-
resilient agriculture.

Yet, we face formidable challenges, including limited resources and

infrastructure. We implore the international community to lend a
helping hand, supporting climate change adaptation, promoting
sustainable development, and addressing the humanitarian crisis in
Sudan.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://carnegieendowment.org/sada/2024/06/climate-change-
and-conflict-a-perfect-storm-in-sudans-countryside?lang=en

https://www.climatecentre.org/wp-content/uploads/RCCC-
Country-profiles-Sudan-2024_final.pdf

SWITZERLAND – ARYAN

Esteemed Chairperson and Delegates,

It is with great honour that I, the delegate of Switzerland, address an issue of

growing urgency—climate refugees. Climate change, as we all know, spares no
one. But it is often the most vulnerable who are left between a rock and a hard
place. At Switzerland, we believe it is our duty to offer not just words of
sympathy but concrete actions to protect those displaced by environmental
disasters.
An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. Switzerland invests in
building resilience in vulnerable communities through our Swiss Development
Cooperation (SDC). We focus on strengthening infrastructure, providing early
warning systems, and enhancing climate resilience in regions most affected by
climate change. By doing so, we reduce the likelihood of forced migration and
help people remain rooted in their homelands.

We are committed to Building resilience through Swiss Development

Cooperation (SDC), Exploring humanitarian visas for climate refugees,
Supporting Platform on Disaster Displacement (PDD) with Swiss francs 1.1
million annually & Partnering with IGAD for migrant and refugee management,
Ratifying Global Compact on Refugees.

Switzerland's humanitarian commitment runs deep, rooted in the values of the

Geneva Conventions. In our efforts to support those displaced by
environmental disasters, we are exploring the possibility of introducing
humanitarian visas for climate refugees. This would provide legal pathways for
those who have nowhere else to turn. As the proverb says, "where there's a
will, there's a way," and Switzerland is determined to find a way to protect the
displaced.

We understand that climate-induced migration is not a problem one country

can solve alone. As they say, "it takes a village to raise a child," and similarly, it
will take a global effort to address this challenge. Switzerland actively supports
the Green Climate Fund, helping nations adapt to climate change while
promoting international cooperation through initiatives like the Platform on
Disaster Displacement (PDD). We firmly believe that collective action is the key
to shaping a sustainable future for all.

The future of climate refugees is in our hands. Switzerland is committed to

working with the international community to ensure that those displaced by
climate disasters are not left out in the cold. Let us join hands and turn the tide
of climate-induced displacement, ensuring that those affected are treated with
the dignity, protection, and support they deserve. Remember, "a stitch in time
saves nine."

FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/politics/climate-and-migration_geneva-
platform-helps-climate-refugees-around-the-world/45553868
SOURCES: FDFA commitment to refugees and migration issues
How Can the International Community Protect Climate Refugees?
[Platform on Disaster Displacement Annual Report 2020]
[KNOMAD Annual Report 2020]
[IGAD-Switzerland Partnership Framework 2019-2022]
[UNHCR Global Compact on Refugees]
[Swiss Federal Council Report on Climate Change and Migration (2020)]

THAILAN -AKHILESH CHOUDHARY

D

In this venerable assembly, where nations converge to confront the

existential threats of our time, I rise to articulate Thailand's resolute
dedication to addressing the pressing issue of climate refugees. As a
representative of a nation nestled in the fragile yet resilient heart of
South-East Asia, I bear witness to the ravages of the fury of a
changing climate.

Our homeland, ranked 9th in the Global Climate Risk Index Report,
teeters on the edge of environmental degradation and natural
disasters. The shadow of environmental degradation looms large,
casting a long shadow over our future. Flooding, driven by the
mercurial forces of climate change, threatens to engulf over 2 million
of our citizens by 2035-2044. Droughts pilfer the very fabric of our
north-eastern region, leaving poverty and vulnerability in their wake.

Yet, even as the winds of adversity howl, our government remains

steadfast, charting a course through the choppy waters of climate
change. Our Nationally Determined Contributions serve as a ray of
resilience, illuminating the path to food security and sustainable
agriculture.

However, the shadow of climate-induced migration casts a dark

shadow on our progress. Migrant workers, driven by environmental
degradation in their homelands, seek refuge in our shores. Research
by IOM Thailand reveals that labor migration in the sugarcane sector
is oftentimes a desperate bid to escape the ravages of climate
change.

In the face of this daunting challenge, we choose not to be swayed by

the whims of fate. Instead, we join hands with IOM to raise
awareness about climate-induced migration patterns and forge
resilience in our communities. Our objectives are threefold: to
minimize the forced migration that tears families asunder, to ensure
assistance and protection for those displaced, and to facilitate
migration as an adaptation strategy.

We issue a clarion call to the international community: let us unite in

this quest to vanquish the hydra-headed monster of climate change.
Together, we can weave a mosaic of environmental stewardship,
ensure food security, and safeguard the livelihoods of climate
refugees.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://reliefweb.int/report/thailand/country-factsheet-thailand-
migration-environment-and-climate-change-mecc-key-risks-policies-
and-data-sources

https://thailand.iom.int/migration-environment-and-climate-change

HARGUN KAUR – TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

Honourable EB MEMBERS AND ESTEEMED delegates,
I rise today as the designated representative of Trinidad and Tobago, a small yet
resilient island nation in the Caribbean, steadfast in our promise to tackling the
critical issue of climate refugees.
At the regional level, we're actively engaged with organizations such as the
Association of Caribbean States (ACS), the Caribbean Community (CARICOM),
and the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) to tackle climate
change, migration, and refugee protection. Through these partnerships, we're
working to enhance climate resilience, adaptation, and disaster management.
Internationally, we collaborate with the United Nations High Commissioner for
Refugees (UNHCR) and the International Organization for Migration (IOM) to
protect climate refugees and promote safe, orderly, and regular migration. Our
support for the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration reflects
our commitment to international cooperation on this critical issue.

Nationally, we've implemented policies and initiatives to address climate

change impacts, including migration and displacement. Our Climate Change
Policy (2011), National Adaptation Plan (2018), and Disaster Management Act
(2011) demonstrate our dedication to climate resilience and adaptation.

Despite these efforts, we face challenges such as limited resources and

capacity, vulnerability to climate-related disasters, and brain drain ⁴ ⁵. However,
we also recognize opportunities for access to international funding and
expertise, regional cooperation, and developing climate-resilient infrastructure.

The statistics are telling: in 2020, Trinidad and Tobago received 145 asylum
applications, recognized 25 refugees, and experienced 500 climate-related
displacements. UNHCR protects 34,740 people in our country, with nearly 86%
being from Venezuela.

As our Minister of Planning and Development aptly stated, "Climate change is a

pressing issue for Trinidad and Tobago, and we must address its impacts on
migration." Our Minister of National Security reaffirmed our commitment to
protecting climate refugees and promoting regional cooperation.

We're taking concrete steps to support vulnerable populations. Starting this

September, 200 Venezuelan children will be able to enroll in school, thanks to
coordinated efforts by our Ministries of Education and National Security.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/
NAP_Trinidad_and_Tobago_2024.pdf
https://reliefweb.int/report/trinidad-and-tobago/unhcr-trinidad-tobago-fact-
sheet-april-june-2024

UNITED -GURVENDRA
KINGDOM
Honourable EB Members and dear delegates,

As we assemble today, the spectre of climate change looms large,

casting a long shadow over our collective future. The United Kingdom
stands at the forefront of this existential struggle, and I wish to share
with you the poignant tale of Fairbourne, a small Welsh village beset
by the ravages of rising sea levels. A dire fate looms for Fairbourne,
whose 700 inhabitants face an uncertain destiny.

By 2054, this once-thriving community will neither be safe nor

sustainable, a stark testament to the unforgiving power of climate
change. Our shoreline management plans have deemed it unviable to
maintain defenses, leaving Fairbourne's residents between the devil
and the deep blue sea.

The UK remains steadfast in its commitment to addressing this crisis.

We've invested in regional shoreline management plans, which
consider the risks and options for managing coastlines. However,
Fairbourne's unique geography – a disaster waiting to happen due to
gravel barriers and limited sediment supply – renders adaptation a
formidable challenge.

As we navigate this uncharted territory, we're reminded that the road

to hell is paved with good intentions. Thus, we're taking concrete
steps to support Fairbourne's community:

- Supporting Climate Resilience: Investing in climate resilience and

adaptation measures to stem the tide of displacement.
- Empowering Displaced Communities: Supporting communities
displaced by climate change, ensuring they're not left high and dry.
- Sustainable Development: Promoting sustainable development and
coastal management to weather the storm.
- Global Unity: Encouraging international cooperation to address the
global nature of this crisis, recognizing in unity lies our strength.

Yet, we face significant challenges:

- Funding: Climate adaptation requires substantial investment, which

can be like getting blood from a stone.
- Public Awareness: Raising awareness about climate refugees and
the urgency of the issue remains an uphill battle.
- International Cooperation: Climate change knows no borders, but
our responses often do, leaving us at sixes and sevens.

To overcome these challenges, we need:

- Global Cooperation: Increased global cooperation to pool our

resources and share knowledge.
- Innovative Thinking: Harness innovative thinking to support climate
resilience and adaptation.
- Public Education: Enhanced public awareness and education to
build a global movement, sounding the alarm.

In conclusion, the UK stands committed to addressing the climate

refugee crisis. We urge fellow nations to join us in this fight. Together,
we can support vulnerable communities like Fairbourne, develop
effective adaptation strategies, and ensure climate justice for all,
recognizing we're all in this together.

As T.S. Eliot once said, "These fragments I have shored against my

ruins." Let us work collectively to address this pressing issue, that we
might shore up a brighter future for generations to come. Effective
international cooperation is crucial in addressing climate change, as
seen in the success of the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement.
By working together, we can achieve significant reductions in
greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainable development.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://www.bangor.ac.uk/news/2023-03-31-the-uks-first-climate-
refugees-why-more-defences-may-not-save-this-village-from

https://www.climate-refugees.org/spotlight/2021/5/3/uk

USA -CHITRANGADA SHEKHAWAT

Honourable EB Members and dear delegates,
As a representative of USA, I am compelled to bear witness to the
dreadful consequences of climate change on our nation and the
global community. The statistics are blunt, the reality alarming. In
2022, the U.S. grappled with an unprecedented 675,000 internal
displacements caused by devastating disasters, while the past decade
has seen a staggering 9 million displacements, primarily triggered by
tempests and wildfires that leave hapless individuals vulnerable to
homelessness, financial instability, and the loss of livelihoods.

The most vulnerable among us - communities of color, indigenous

peoples, older adults, and individuals with disabilities - face
heightened health risks and limited access to reliable infrastructure,
rendering them disproportionately susceptible to the wrath of
climate change. The Gulf Coast, still reeling from the aftermath of
Hurricane Katrina, remains perilously vulnerable to frequent floods
and hurricanes.

Climate change poses an existential economic threat to the U.S., with

projected costs of 0.7% of GDP per 1 degree temperature increase.
By 2050, we may experience sweltering summer temperatures akin
to those in Egypt or India, pushing our infrastructure, economy, and
energy practices to the brink. The poorest counties risk losing a
staggering 2-20% of their incomes under extreme circumstances.

To combat this behemoth of a challenge, the U.S. aims to reduce

greenhouse gas emissions by 50% below 2005 levels by 2030 and
achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. We've allocated $1 billion to
international climate change finance and passed the Inflation
Reduction Act to promote clean energy and green jobs.

However, formidable challenges persist. The U.S. remains polarized,

with only 54% of Americans recognizing climate change as a major
threat. The fossil fuel industry generates $138 billion annually,
hindering transition efforts. U.S. households have the highest per
capita energy use globally, necessitating significant changes.

To overcome these obstacles, we must unite in climate action,

fostering bipartisan support for climate initiatives. We must diversify
energy sources, investing in clean energy technologies and phasing
out fossil fuels. We must promote sustainable consumption,
educating and incentivizing individuals to adopt eco-friendly
practices.

Internationally, the U.S. must lead by example, demonstrating

commitment to climate mitigation and adaptation. We must support
vulnerable nations, providing adequate funding and resources to
address climate impacts. We must advocate for climate justice,
encouraging wealthy nations to cease neocolonial exploitation of
poor countries' resources.

As we stand at the precipice of this climate crisis, we have until 2050

to mitigate its worst effects. Let us work collectively to ensure a
resilient, sustainable future for all.

Furthermore, climate change is increasingly driving migration to the

U.S., particularly from Central America, Haiti, and Mexico. Activists
are pushing for a new immigration pathway, urging the Biden
administration and Congress to recognize climate change as a "threat
multiplier" that forces people to move. Julia Neusner of Human
Rights First suggests a complementary system of protection,
guaranteeing a path to citizenship for those impacted by climate
disasters.

Key initiatives include the Safe Mobility Initiative, Labor Neighbors,

Regularization Programs, and Expanded Enforcement Partnerships.
Despite these efforts, concerns remain about the surge in migrants
and health and safety risks when Title 42 is lifted. The Department of
Homeland Security is preparing for up to 18,000 migrants per day,
and mayors along the border are worried about providing shelter and
services to asylum seekers ¹.

The time to act is now. We must harness our collective resolve to

combat climate change, protect the vulnerable, and ensure a livable
future for generations to come.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://belonging.berkeley.edu/climatedisplacement/case-
studies/united-states-america

https://insideclimatenews.org/news/21052022/climate-migrants-
seeking-asylum-in-the-us-lack-a-clear-path-to-refugee-status/

VIETNAM -ARNAV CHOUDHARY

Honorable EB Members and dear delegates,

I rise before you today as the voice of Vietnam, a nation dangerously
perched on the cliff of climate calamity. Our country, with its
extensive coastline and low-lying deltas, lies in the crosshairs of
devastating disasters – typhoons, storms, and flooding – which have
uprooted over 4.8 million of our citizens since 2008.

Vietnam ranks 99th out of 195 countries in the 2023 Risk Inform
Index, and our agricultural sector, the backbone of our economy and
the lifeblood of 45% of our workforce, hangs in the balance.

Climate change has become the elephant in the room, casting a long
shadow over our economic prospects. The decline of agricultural GDP
in vulnerable regions, such as the Mekong Delta and Central
Highlands, has been nothing short of precipitous, with a 0.7-2.4%
decrease in GDP looming large by 2050.
Yet, Vietnam remains unwavering in its resolve to mitigate the
scourge of climate change. We have pledged to reduce our emissions
by 15.8% by 2030 under the Paris Agreement and aim to achieve net
zero emissions by 2050. Our efforts are multifaceted:

- Renewable Energy: Harnessing the power of clean energy to wean

ourselves off fossil fuels.
- Reforestation: Planting over 4.16 million hectares of forests to
combat deforestation.
- Sustainable Agriculture: Cultivating practices that reduce emissions
and promote climate-resilient agriculture.
- Disaster Preparedness: Enhancing our early warning systems to
safeguard our communities.

However, Vietnam's progress is hamstrung by external pressures. We

implore the international community to lend a helping hand, to
alleviate the weight of expectation, and to empower us to create a
just and sustainable transition.
We must:
- Support Climate Change Prevention and Response Measures:
Provide resources and expertise to bolster Vietnam's disaster
response capabilities.
- Promote Sustainable Economic Development: Foster diversified
economies that prioritize participation and demands of self-
sustaining laborers.
- Foster International Cooperation: Unite to address the global
climate crisis and ensure a regenerative economy for all.

In the face of disasters, climate change, and environmental

degradation, human mobility has become an urgent imperative. We
recognize the need to address internal migration, planned relocation,
and displacement, and to integrate human mobility with urban and
spatial planning.
Our national policy frameworks prioritize reducing the drivers and
risks of human mobility. We are committed to ensuring coherence
with other policy areas and relevant national institutions.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://belonging.berkeley.edu/climatedisplacement/case-
studies/viet-nam

https://roasiapacific.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl671/files/
documents/2024-06/viet-nam-snapshot-final_updated.pdf

YEME -ANIKET TEJBAHADUR YADAV

N

Honorable EB Members and fellow advocates for climate action,

I stand before you today as a representative of Yemen, a nation beset

by the daunting challenges of climate change, conflict, and
humanitarian crises. Our country's fragile landscape, comprising
predominantly desert climates, arid conditions, and scarce water
resources, renders us exceptionally vulnerable to the ravages of
climate change.

Yemen's unique geography, with its varied topography and climate

zones, exacerbates the impacts of rising temperatures, unpredictable
rainfall patterns, and land degradation. Our people, numbering 31.6
million, face daunting developmental challenges, compounded by
the country's ranking as the 12th most water-scarce nation globally.

Despite contributing a mere 0.03% to global CO2 emissions, Yemen is

woefully unprepared to confront climate shocks, ranking 174th out of
185 countries on the Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index. Our
economy, classified as low-income, struggles to recover from the
devastating civil war, which has ravaged infrastructure, trade
networks, and economic institutions.
Yet, amidst these challenges, Yemen remains a vital host nation for
migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers, with over 4.5 million people
displaced internally. In 2021, approximately 20.7 million people
required humanitarian assistance, with 4.3 million internally
displaced. Over 377,000 people were displaced in 2021 alone.

Climate change fuels resource scarcity, forced migration, and

protection threats, intensifying inter-communal tensions and conflict
drivers. Extreme weather events displace tens of thousands, straining
critical resources and providing armed groups with recruitment
opportunities.

To address these challenges, Yemen has:

Established a National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy, focusing

on water management, agriculture, and disaster risk reduction.
Implemented initiatives to promote climate-resilient agriculture,
enhance water efficiency, and support sustainable livelihoods.
Strengthened disaster preparedness and response mechanisms,
including early warning systems and emergency response plans.

However, we require international support to:

Enhance institutional capacities for climate change adaptation and

migration management.
Provide humanitarian assistance to vulnerable populations, including
migrants and IDPs.
Promote sustainable development, addressing the root causes of
migration and displacement.
Foster regional cooperation to address climate change, migration,
and conflict dynamics.
We urge the international community to recognize Yemen's unique
circumstances and provide tailored support to address our climate,
humanitarian, and development challenges.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://yemen.un.org/en/270950-undp-yemen-facing-climate-
crisis-yemen-sustainable-development-action?
afd_azwaf_tok=eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiJ9.eyJhdWQiOiJ5ZW1lbi51bi5vc
mciLCJleHAiOjE3Mjc4MDA1MjQsImlhdCI6MTcyNzgwMDIyNCwiaXN
zIjoidGllcjEtNWM0NmI0ZGQ0Ni00ZjRiYyIsInN1YiI6IjEyNDo0OTo5Yjg
4OjllZDI6MWI2ZDpjYWQxOmFkNzpiM2I0IiwiZGF0YSI6eyJ0eXBlIjoia
XNzdWVkIiwicmVmIjoiMjAyNDEwMDFUMTYzMDI0Wi0xNWM0NmI
0ZGQ0NjRmNGJjd2Fna2Y4cjFjYzAwMDAwMDA0OGcwMDAwMDAw
MWVhcnAiLCJiIjoiWjJMbDFGSVhrTl94MTFoRmdvS0ZNOXJoX05EQj
V2Q0FKX0V6eVY1dzJFSSIsImgiOiJwT19UMGRKVXlsN1BKUGpYYnh2
UU1xQmVNTFZjX1pWMGhoSnpFUFZHTTNBIn19.SNzkHIMSstr5ZYXa
v7GAJsNkB3nTN3O9mM5Gb2t_OmrMLuIxMPmjo2q3wnxWaHl0L5
mPQLSOFRLTBInd7V4T-
Gu_zfI6Ja9Eo8KGOCdpbHJWWDbTn8VsRig6dTGvYhBm6iIil9777FR5
3OiV8reiz72L9fH10W6OZI0cVFGmCJm8sOJyHdYaaJ9SpcuoT1p-
cRuZNnL1zh45PJ-avrCWXBrGxc-L74mXvbhMfdlGfgTSkH-uk03kExtro-
Vx2istImv0U3c-4BaRhFvJKpqB8dIWgqMlSvDrfEFZxRVc-
Rg_KTnKX6iEFZLO2Io8hdb4OcEta6caksv7Gsw7ZFe8AA.WF3obl2IDtq
gvMFRqVdYkD5s

https://environmentalmigration.iom.int/sites/g/files/
tmzbdl1411/files/documents/2024-03/yemen-desk-review.pdf

https://www.climatecentre.org/wp-content/uploads/RCCC-ICRC-
Country-profiles-Yemen_2024_final.pdf

ZIMBABWE -TANVI

Honorable EB Members and fellow champions of climate action,

I rise today as the voice of Zimbabwe, a nation beset by the
unrelenting fury of climate change. Our country stands at the
crossroads, grappling with the existential threat of intense tropical
cyclones, severe droughts, and rising temperatures that imperil our
very existence.

The eastern region of Zimbabwe has been battered by cyclones of

unprecedented ferocity, leaving in their wake a trail of devastation,
displacement, and despair. The southern region, meanwhile, is
parched and withered, its agricultural systems crippled by droughts
that seem to stretch interminably.

In this precarious landscape, migration has emerged as a survival

strategy for our people. Temporary migration serves as a stopgap
measure, enabling communities to sidestep the worst effects of
extreme weather. Permanent relocation, however, is often the only
recourse for those seeking better economic prospects.

The statistics are stark: annually, 10,000 Zimbabweans flee their

homeland, with 80% seeking refuge in South Africa. This exodus
underscores the human cost of climate change, as our people are
forced to abandon their ancestral lands in search of a brighter future.

Yet, despite contributing a mere whisper to global greenhouse gas

emissions, Zimbabwe bears the brunt of climate change. Our
research underscores the imperative for local implementation of
global governance on climate migration and cooperation between
state and non-state actors.

In Zimbabwe, we have taken tentative steps to address climate

migration. We have established disaster response committees and
engaged with international organizations, researchers, and activists.
However, the road ahead is fraught with challenges.
Corruption has become a hydra-headed monster, hindering aid
distribution and undermining our efforts. International assistance
often focuses on short-term survival rather than long-term livelihood
support, leaving our people vulnerable to the whims of fate. Climate
disasters have been politicized, leaving opposition areas exposed to
the elements.

To navigate this perfect storm, we must harness the collective

wisdom of our communities. Indigenous knowledge and long-term
solutions hold the key to unlocking a resilient future. We cannot rely
solely on international aid; we must empower our people to rebuild
livelihoods and reclaim their agency.

Zimbabwe's experience with El Niño events serves as a poignant

illustration of the devastating consequences of inaction. Droughts
have exacerbated water insecurity, food insecurity, and health risks,
leaving our people vulnerable to disease outbreaks, hunger, heat
stress, and mental illness.

Women and children bear the disproportionate brunt of climate

change, with heightened risks of maternal complications, child
marriages, and gender-based violence. Climate mobility fuels
irregular migration and human trafficking, perpetuating a vicious
cycle of exploitation.

In conclusion, I urge the international community to:

1. Support local implementation of global governance on climate

migration.
2. Strengthen cooperation between state and non-state actors.
3. Empower communities through knowledge creation and
dissemination.
4. Provide long-term livelihood support.
5. Address corruption and politicization of aid.
SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
https://www.unhcr.org/in/news/stories/young-refugees-
champion-climate-action-zimbabwe-s-tongogara-camp

https://www.unocha.org/publications/report/zimbabwe/
zimbabwe-drought-flash-appeal-may-2024-april-2025-may-2024

https://climatechange.umaine.edu/2023/07/24/climate-migration-
in-zimbabwe/

DENMARK AARAV PRATAP

Honourable EB Members and distinguished delegates,

I rise before you today as a proud representative of Denmark, a nation that has
chosen to wear its conscience on its sleeve. We recognize the cruel irony of
climate change, where those who have contributed the least to its genesis are
its most unfortunate victims.

Denmark's pledge to combating climate change is not merely a moral

necessity; it is an existential need. We have pledged a substantial $13 million to
support developing nations ravaged by climate-related disruptions, making us
the first country to acknowledge loss and damage compensation.

Our focus on the Sahel region is deliberate, for it is here that the fire of climate
change rages with uncontrolled cruelty. Temperatures rising at 1.5 times the
global average, droughts that shrink the soul, and conflicts that fracture
communities.

In partnership with the UNHCR, we are providing emergency shelters, basic

necessities, and cash assistance to families torn asunder by climate change and
conflict. The story of Sambo Maiga, a Burkinabé farmer forced to flee his
homeland, is a moving reminder of our shared humanity.

Denmark's contribution to UNHCR's efforts is not mere philanthropy; it is a

solemn recognition of our responsibility to the vulnerable. Our Emergency
Reserve Fund of DKK 50 million (around USD 7.4 million) is evidence to our
steadfast commitment.
I urge fellow nations to join us in this righteous endeavour. Let us meet our
resources, our compassion, and our collective will to shield the defenceless
from climate change's spiteful grasp.

Let us choose action over apathy, empathy over indifference. For in the words
of the great Danish philosopher, Søren Kierkegaard, 'Life can only be
understood backwards; but it must be lived forwards.' Today, let us choose to
live forwards, with courage, conviction, and compassion.

SOURCE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:

https://www.unhcr.org/neu/72661-support-from-denmark-provides-much-
needed-aid-to-people-fleeing-conflict-and-climate-impact-in-the-sahel.html

https://www.reuters.com/world/denmark-becomes-first-offer-loss-damage-
climate-funding-2022-09-20/