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Relations and Functions

1. Show that each of the relation R in the set A = {x ∈ 𝑍: 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 12}. given by
(a) R = {(a, b) : |a – b| is a multiple of 4}
(b) R = {(a, b) : a = b}
Is an equivalence relation. Find the set of all elements related to 1 in each
case.
𝑥 + 1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑑𝑑
2. Show that f: N →N, given by f(x) = { is both one-one and
𝑥 − 1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
onto.
3. Prove that the Greatest Integer Function f:R →R given by f(x) = [x], is neither
one-one nor onto, where [x] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to x.
4. In each of the following cases, state whether the function is one-one, onto or
bijective. Justify your answer.
(a) f: R →R defined by f(x) = 3 – 4x.
(b) f: R →R defined by f(x) = 1 + x2. [ Q 7]
𝑛+1
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑑𝑑
5. Let f : N →N be defined by f(n) = { 𝑛2 for all n = N.
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
2

State whether the function f is bijective. Justify your answer.

6. Let 𝐴 = {1,2,3, … ,9} and 𝑅 be the relation in 𝐴 × 𝐴 defined by (𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅(𝑐, 𝑑) if 𝑎 + 𝑑 = 𝑏 +
𝑐 for (𝑎, 𝑏), (𝑐, 𝑑) in 𝐴 × 𝐴. Prove that 𝑅 is an equivalence relation. Also obtain the
equivalence class [(2,5)].
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Inverse Trigonometric Functions

1 1
7. Find the value of tan−1 (1) + cos −1 (− ) + sin−1 (− ).
2 2
2𝜋
8. Find the values of sin−1 (sin )
3
1−cos 𝑥
9. Write the in the simplest form: tan−1 (√ )
1+cos 𝑥
cos 𝑥−sin 𝑥
10. Write the in the simplest form: tan−1 ( )
cos 𝑥+sin 𝑥
cos 𝑥 −3𝜋 𝜋
11. Express tan−1 , <𝑥< in the simplest form.
1−sin 𝑥 2 2

Matrices
3 −2 1 0
12. If A = [ ] 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐼 = [ ], find k so that A2 = kA – 2I
4 −2 0 1
𝛼
0 − tan
2
13. If A = [ 𝛼 ] and I is the identity matrix of order 2, show that I + A =
tan 0
2
cos 𝛼 − sin 𝛼
( I – A) [ ]
sin 𝛼 cos 𝛼
2 −2 −4
14. Express the matrix B = [−1 3 4 ]as the sum of a symmetric and a skew
1 −2 −3
symmetric matrix
15. If A and B are symmetric matrices prove that AB – BA is a skew symmetric
matrix.
1 2 3 −7 −8 −9
16. Find the matrix X so that X [ ]=[ ].
4 5 6 2 4 6

Determinants
17. Find values of k if area of triangle is 4sq. units and vertices are (k, 0), (4, 0), (0,
2)
1 −1 2 −2 0 1
18. Use product [0 2 −3] [ 9 2 −3] to solve the system of equations
3 −2 4 6 1 −2
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x – y + 2z = 1
2y – 3z = 1
3x – 2y + 4z = 2
19. If A is a square matrix of order 3 and |𝐴| = 5, then the value of |2𝐴′ | is
20. Given that A is a square matrix of order 3 and |𝐴| = −4, then |𝑎𝑑𝑗 𝐴| is equal to

Continuity and Differentiability

21. Find the value of k so that the function f is continuous at the indicated point:
𝑘 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 𝜋
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≠ 𝜋
𝜋−2𝑥 2
f(x) = { 𝜋 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 =
2
3, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 =
2

22. Find the values of p and q, for which

1−sin3 𝑥
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < 𝜋/2
3 cos2 𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑝, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 𝜋/2 is continuous at 𝑥 = 𝜋/2.
𝑞(1−sin 𝑥)
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 𝜋/2
{ (𝜋−2𝑥)2
1−cos 4𝑥
, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 < 0
𝑥2
23. If 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 0
√𝑥
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 > 0
{(√16+√𝑥)−4

and f is continuous at 𝑥 = 0, find the value of a.

24. Differentiate the following w.r.t. x. 𝑥 x – 2sin x
25. Find dy/dx: x = a(cot t + log tan t/2) , y = a sin t
-1 2 2 2 2
26. If y = (tan x) , show that (x + 1) y2 + 2x(x + 1) y1 = 2
𝜋 𝜋
27. Find dy/dx, if y = 12 (1 – cos t), x = 10(t – sin t), − <𝑡<
2 2
𝑑𝑦 1
28. If x √1 + 𝑦 + 𝑦√1 + 𝑥 = 0, 𝑓𝑜𝑟 , −1 < 𝑥 < 1, prove that = − (1+𝑥)2.
𝑑𝑥

𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑎+𝑦)
29. If cos y = x cos(a+y), with cos a ≠ ±1, prove that dy/dx =
sin 𝑎
2
𝑑 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
30. If 𝑦 = log [𝑥 + √𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 ], show that (𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 ) 𝑑𝑥 2 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 0.
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APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
31. Find the volume of a cube is increasing at a rate of 9 cubic centimeters per
second. How fast is the surface area increasing when the length of an edge is 10
centimeters?
32. A balloon, which always remains spherical on inflation, is being inflated by
pumping in 900 cubic centimeter of gas per second. Find the rate at which the
radius of the balloon increases when the radius is 15 cm.
33. A ladder 5 m long is leaning against a wall. The bottom of the ladder is pulled
along the ground, away from the wall, at the rate of 2 cm/s. how fast is its
height on the wall decreasing when the foot of the ladder is 4 m away from the
wall?
34. Find the intervals in which the function f given by f(x) = 4x3 – 6x2 – 72x + 30
is (a) increasing (b) decreasing.
4 sin 𝜃 𝜋
35. Prove that y = − 𝜃 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑢𝑐𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝜃 𝑖𝑛 [0, ].
(2 cos 𝜃) 2
36. If length of three sides of a trapezium other than base are equal to 10cm, then
find the area of the trapezium when it is maximum.
37. Show that the right circular cylinder of given surface and maximum volume is
such that its height is equal to the diameter of the base.
38. Of all the closed cylindrical cans (right circular), of a given volume of 100
cubic centimeters, find the dimensions of the can which has the minimum
surface area?
39. Prove that the volume of the largest cone that can be inscribed in a sphere of
radius R is 8/27 of the volume of the sphere.
40. Show that the semi-vertical angle of the cone of the maximum volume and of
given slant height is tan-1√2.
𝑥2
41. Find the maximum area of an isosceles triangle inscribed in the ellipse +
𝑎2
𝑦2
= 1. With its vertex at one end of the major axis
𝑏2
42. A window is in the form of a rectangle surmounted by a semicircular opening.
The total perimeter of the window is 10 m. find the dimensions of the window
to admit maximum light through the whole opening.
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Integrals
sin 𝑥
43. ∫ 𝑑𝑥
sin(𝑥+𝑎)
1
44. ∫ 𝑑𝑥
1+tan 𝑥
cos 2𝑥−cos 2𝛼
45. ∫ 𝑑𝑥
cos 𝑥−cos 𝛼
1
46. ∫ 𝑑𝑥
cos (𝑥−𝑎) cos (𝑥−𝑏)
𝑥+3
47. ∫
√5−4𝑥−𝑥 2
dx
𝑥 1+sin 𝑥
48. ∫ 𝑒 ( ) 𝑑𝑥
1+cos 𝑥
2
49. Evaluate ∫−1|𝑥 3 − 𝑥|𝑑𝑥
𝜋/2
50. Evaluate ∫0 log sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝜋
51. ∫04 log(1 + tan 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
52. Find ∫[√cot 𝑥 + √tan 𝑥] 𝑑𝑥
1−√𝑥
53. ∫ √ 𝑑𝑥
1+√𝑥
𝜋 𝑥 tan 𝑥
54. ∫0 sec 𝑥+tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Application of Integrals

55. Find the area of the region bounded by y2 = 9x, x = 2, x = 4 and the x-axis in
the first quadrant.
56. Find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by x-axis, line x = √3
y and the circle x2 + y2 = 4 .
57. Find the area of the region bounded by the parabola y = x2 and y = |x|
58. Find the area bounded by the curve x2 = 4y and the line x = 4y – 2.
59. Using integration finds the area of region bounded by the triangle whose vertices are
(1, 0), (2, 2) and (3, 1).
𝑥2 𝑦2
60. Find the area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse + = 1 and the
9 4
𝑥 𝑦
line + = 1
3 2

61. Find the area bounded by curves {(x, y) : y ≥ x2 and y = |x|

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DIFFERENTIAL EQUAITONS
𝑑4 𝑦
62. Determine order and degree + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (y” `) = 0
𝑑𝑥 4
63. Find the particular solution satisfying the given condition:

𝑑𝑦
(x3 + x2 + x + 1) = 2x2 + x; y = 1 when x = 0
𝑑𝑥

𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑦
64. Show that the differential equation x cos( ) = 𝑦 cos ( ) + 𝑥 is
𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥
homogeneous and solve it.
65. find the particular solution of the differential equation :
𝑑𝑦 𝜋
+ 𝑦 cot 𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 𝑥 2 cot 𝑥 (𝑥 ≠ 0)𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑦 = 0 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑥 =
𝑑𝑥 2
𝜋
66. Find the equation of the curve passing through the point (0, )whose
4
differential equation is sin x cos y dx + cos x sin y dy = 0.

Vector Algebra
1. Find a vector in the direction of 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ that has magnitude 7 units.
2. The scalar product of the vector 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ with a unit vector along the sum of vectors
𝑏⃗⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ − 5𝑘̂ and 𝑐⃗ = 𝜆𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ is equal to one. Find the value of λ and hence
find the unit vector along 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗.
3. If 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ are two vectors such that |𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗| = |𝑎⃗|, then prove that vector 2𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ is

perpendicular to 𝑏⃗⃗
4. If 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗ = 0 and |𝑎⃗| = 3, |𝑏⃗⃗| = 5, |𝑐⃗| = 7, then find the value of 𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗. 𝑐⃗ + 𝑐⃗. 𝑎⃗.

5. If 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑐⃗ are three vectors such that each one is perpendicular to the vector obtained
by sum of the other two and |𝑎⃗| = 3, |𝑏⃗⃗| = 4 and |𝑐⃗| = 5, then prove that |𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗| =
5√2.
6. Using vectors, find the area of the triangle ABC with vertices A(1, 2, 3), B(2, -1, 4) and
C(4, 5, -1)
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Three-Dimensional Geometry
3−𝑥 𝑦+4 2𝑧−6
1. If the cartesian equation of a line is 5
= 7
= 4
, write the vector equation for the
line.
2. Find the angle between the lines
𝑟⃗ = 2𝑖̂ − 5𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ + 𝜆(3𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 6𝑘̂) and
𝑟⃗ = 7𝑖̂ − 6𝑘̂ + 𝜇(𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂) + 2𝑘̂) .
3. Find the shortest distance between the lines
𝑟⃗ = (4𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂) + 𝜆(𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ − 3𝑘̂) and 𝑟⃗ = (𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ ) + 𝜇(2𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ − 5𝑘̂).
4. The x-coordinate of a point on the line joining the points P(2, 2, 1) and Q(5, 1, – 2) is 4.
Find its z-coordinate.
𝑥−11 𝑦+2 𝑧+8
5. Find the image of the point (2, −1, 5) in the line = = −11. Also find the equation
10 −4

of the line joining the given point and its image. Find the length of that line segment also.
1−𝑥 7𝑦−14 𝑧−3 7−7𝑥 𝑦−5 6−𝑧
6. Find the value of p, so that the lines 𝐼1 ∶ = = and 𝐼2 ∶ = = are
3 𝑝 2 3𝑝 1 5

perpendicular to each other. Also find the equation of a line passing through a point
(3, 2, −4) and parallel to line I1

Linear Programming

1. Solve the following LPP graphically:

Minimise 𝑍 = 5𝑥 + 10𝑦
Subject to constraints 𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≤ 120, 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 60,
𝑥 − 2𝑦 ≥ 0 and 𝑥, 𝑦 ≥ 0
2. Maximise 𝑍 = 𝑥 + 2𝑦
Subject to the constraints:
𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≥ 100,2𝑥 − 𝑦 < 0
2𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 200
𝑥, 𝑦 ≥ 0
Solve the above LPP graphically.
3. The feasible region for an LPP is shown below: Let 𝑧 = 3𝑥 − 4𝑦 be the objective
function. Minimum of 𝑧 occurs at
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(a) (0,0)
(b)(0,8)
(c) (5,0)
(d) (4,10)

Probability

1. Assume that each born child is equally likely to be a boy or a girl. If a family has two
children, what is the conditional probability that both are girls? Given that
(i) the youngest is a girl.
(ii) atleast one is a girl.
2. Given that E and F are events such that P(E) = 0.8, P(F) = 0.7, P(E ∩ F) = 0.6. Find
P(𝐸̅ |𝐹̅ ).
1 1 1
3. A problem is given to three students whose probabilities of solving it are 3 , 4 and 6

respectively. If the events of solving the problem are independent, find the probability
that at least one of them solves it.
4. There are two bags. Bag I contains 1 red and 3 white balls, and Bag II contains 3 red
and 5 white balls. A bag is selected at random and a ball is drawn from it. Find the
probability that the ball so drawn is red in colour.
5. There are two bags, I and II. Bag I contains 3 red and 5 black balls and Bag II
contains 4 red and 3 black balls. One ball is transferred randomly from Bag I to Bag II
and then a ball is drawn randomly from Bag II. If the ball so drawn is found to be
black in colour, then find the probability that the transferred ball is also black.
6. There are three coins, one is a two headed coin (having head on both the faces),
another is a biased coin that comes up heads 75% of the time and the third is an
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unbiased coin. One of the three coins is chosen at random and tossed. If it shows
head, then what is the probability that it was the two headed coin?
7. In answering a question on a multiple choice test, a student either knows the answer
3 2
or guesses. Let 5 be the probability that he knows the answer and 5 be the probability

that he guesses. Assuming that a student who guesses the answer will be correct with
1
probability 3, what is the probability that the student knows the answer given that he

answered it correctly?
8. Assume that the chances of a patient having a heart attack are 50%. Assume that a
meditation and yoga course reduces the risk of heart attack by 30% and the
prescription of certain drugs and certain restrictions reduces the risk by 25%. At a
time a patient chooses only one of the two options with equal probabilities. After
going through one of the two options, the patient selected at random suffers a heart
attack. Find the probability that the patient followed a course of meditation and yoga.
What values are reflected in this question?