9.

A ideal gaswhose R=
certain
278.6|/kgm.Kand C, 1.015
k/kg.Kexpands =
from 1517kPa,288°Cto 965 kPa.
isentropicaly
For454 gmm/s of this gas
W.(b) V2 (c} aUand (d) AH. determine, (a)
Ans. (a) 21.9 kI/s: (b)
0.06495m'/s; (d)-30.18
k/s

10.A polytrupic
process of airfrom 150psia, 300°F,and 1f
in
accordance with pVC
Determine (a) yand V, (b) AU, AH and S,(c) J
occurs top;= 20psia
Vàp. () Computethe heat from the pdV and-J
polytropic
AU+ pdV. (e) Find the specific heat and check
by theequation Q=
Ans. (a) 17.4°E,
nonflow work and ()the steady flow work forAKE
f: =0.
()8.60 Btu; (e) 34.41b)
4.711
-25.81 Btu, -36.14
4.73 Btu; Btu,0.0141 Btu/°R; (C) 34.41Bu,
Btu; ()44.73 Btu

11. The work

required tocompressa gas
J,ifthere is no flow. reversibly
Deternmine AU and Q ifthe gasis (a) according to pVL30=cis 67,790
1321, R=
518.45 J/kgm =
K,c, l6187,c,
=
air, (b)

2.1377kj/kgm.K.
methane.For methane,k=
Ans. (a) 50.91 KJ,
-16.88 k]: (b)
63.50 k, -4.29 k

(1) Whatis an Review Questions

2) What is an isochore?
isobar?
(3) What is an
isotherm?
(4) Whatis an
isometric process?
(S) Whatis an
isobaric process?
(6) Whatis an
isothermal process?
7) What is an
isentropic process? An adiabatic
(8) Whatis a process?
polytropic process?
(9) Whatis
throttlingprocess?

SUPPLEMENTARYPROBLEMS
1 Airat 22°C,
1.02 barinitially
occupying a cylinder
compressedreversíbly and volume of 0.01Sm,
is
Computeta,Vzand isentropicallyby a piston to a
WNP pressure of 6.8 bar.

2 044 kg of air at 180

during the
expandsadiabatically
to three
process, there is
a timesits original
during the decrease in volume and
process is temperature to 15°C.
The work done
3. 1 Kg of ethane is
compressed from 1.1
the pressure is bar, 27°C according
6.6bar. to a law
Calculatethe heat
flow to orfrom the p, y
C until
cylinder walls.
 Review Problems

If 20 Bru are added

1Aperfect vaue of R =588ftI5, /lb 'R and K= 1.26.
gas has a

to 5lh ofthis gas atconstant volume

when the initial temperature is 90°F,find (a) T2, bi
(
AH, ()AS, AU,and (e)work for a nonflow
process
(c)0.036 Btu/"R: (d) 20.06 Btu
Ans (a) S63.8°R: (b) 25.27 Bu;

the internal energy by

nonflow,constant volume process decreases
2.Areversfble,
Kand k=1.35. For the proces
3165 k|for 2.268 kg-ofa gas for which R=430 J/kg,
is 204.4°C
determine (a)the work, b)
and (c) AS The Q
initial tenperature

Ans (a)0:(b) -3165 Ki: (e)-0.7572kI/K.

stirred by
3.A10-t'essel hydrogenat a pressure of 305psia is vigorousiy
of
(a) AU ànd (b) W. No heat is
padles until the pressure becomes 400 psia Determine

transferred, o=2434 Btu/lb_ R

Ans (a)434 Btu;(b)-434 Btu

4. Three pounds a perfect gas with R= 38 ftlb,/th.Rand k= 1.667 have 300 Btu
of
of heat added duringa reversible nonflow constant pressure change of state. The initial
Determine the (a) final temperature, (b) AH, () W, (d) AU, and
(e)
temperature is 100°F.

AS.
Ans (a)919°F:(c)120 Btu; (d) 180 Btu; (e)0.3301 Btu/°R

5. While the pressure remains constant at 689.5 kPa the volume ofa system of aír
changes from 0.567 m'to 0283 m². Whatare (a) aU,(b) AH,(c) 0(G)AS?(e) Ifthe

process is nonflow and internally reversible, what is the work?

Ans (a)-490.2 k4:(b)-686.3k4: (c)-6863k:
()-0.6974 ki/kgK: (e)-195.8kJ

6.Four pounds 0491 Btu/°Rof entropyduring a nonflow isothermal

of air gain

process.Ifp1 =120 psia andV2 =425ft, find (a)Vi andT1,(b) W,()and(d)AU.

Ans (a)7,093 t,574.5°R:(b)282.1 Btu; (c)282.1 Btu; (d) 0

7.IF10 kg-min ofair are compressed isothermally from p =96 kPa and Vi =75
min to pz =620kPa,findthe work, the change ofentropy and the heat for (a)nonti
processand (b)a steady flow processwith u =15m/sandu,=60m/s.
Ans (a)-1370 Kl/min, -5.356 kj/Kmin: (b) -1386.9%|/min

anda
from 95.3 psig
8.One pound ofan idealgas undergoes an isentropic process are
volune of 0.6 ft to a final volume of 36 f.
=0.124aand 0.093 c=
Btu/lh R
what

)P()AH
If

(a) and (d) w.

Ans (a)-243.1'F,(b) 10.09 psia: (c)-21.96 Btu: ()1648 Btu
12. Air with Cy= 0.723iscompressed in a piston-cylindermachine according to

pym =c from an initial temperature of 17°C and pressure of 1 bar, to a fîinal

pressure of. S bars. Determine the final temperature, the heat transferred and the
work

13. There are 1.5 Kg,of a gas where K = 13 and R = 0.38that

Kgm-"K undergo an

isochoric process fromp, =0.552 MPa,t,= 58.5°C top, 1.66 MPa. During the
process, there added 100 KJ of heat. Compute the heat transferred, change of
internal energy and the change of entropy.

14. Helium at 10.14 MPa, -108C expands at constant temperature to 1 MPa. For
1.5Kgm, calculate the work nonflow andwork steady flow.

15. There are added 300 BTU of heat from 2 Kg of a certain gas that undergoes an
isothermal process at 27°C. For this gas R = 0.519Kg-and K= 1.3. The initial
pressure 0.590 MPa. For both
is nonflow and steady flow processes, computeV, V2
P,Work, AS,AH and Q.

16.1000CFM of air are compressed at constant temperature of 85°F and 198 psia to
S80psia. For both nonflow and steady flow, compute Jpdv, -J Vdp,aS and aH.

17. During an isentropic process of 2ofScc

oxygen, the temperature increases from
20°C to 120°C CalculateaH,AW.À, AS,J pdvand -fvdp.

18.10of
sec
COgas are compressed
polytropícally with index 1.3 from P =14 psia,t, =
138°F,to 338°F. Compute for Pz, w, AS and Q assuming ídeal gas action for a
nonflow process.

19, 0.98of Nitrogen

118F in an internally
intially at 390 psia, 9, min 299°F are cooled isometrically to
reversible manner.ComputeP pdv,-
AŠfora vdp, A, AH,Qand
nonflow process.
 and 80C. The gas Is
X 105 N/m²
4. A cylinder contains 0.45 m² gas at 1
of a
being 5 X 10° N/m,
of 0.13m the Anal pressure
compressed to a volume
Compute: (a) The mass of gas

(b)The value of index

n"for compression

in internal energy of the gas

(c)The increase compression.
by the gasduring
added or rejected
(d)The heat

Take R= 294.2J/kg K

ke 1.4
0.05
from 0.5 MPa, 0.2m
to

adiabatic oompression
a reversible entropy and
5. Afluid undergoes change in enthalpy,
pyl?= c Calculate the during the
m according to the
Also,
law,
compute the heat transfer
and work nonflow
internal energy.

process.

of acertain
ideal gas with K= 1.30 and R= 35is compressed in

6. Five pounds Compute

system from 15 psia,
80°Fto 60psia, 315°F.
process in a closed heat interactions with the
polytropic and the
index n, the work nonflow
the polytropic

surroundings.

în a closed system from

7. One pound of air R =53.3iscompressed isothermaly

15 psia and 80°F to 90psia. Compute the heat transfer.

BTU
contained in a closed system with
V= 1.0
8 pound Nitrogen with c,= 0.248is
to take place until V,= 90% of its inítial value while the
cu ft Heat transfer is allowed

,
20 psia. Compute the final temperature and the heat
pressure is kept constant at
transfer.

9.Helium is compressed in an adiabatic cylinder from 70°F, 10 15 psia to 1 f

acording to the relation pyx =cFind the work nonflow, the final temperature and
the change of enthalpy.

10. fir is compressed in a cylinder in a given relation pVl3= constant. The process start

with 14 psia, R0°F and the pressure íncreases to 80 psia. If the process is frictionles,

compute the heat transtered per lb of air.

11. Ammonlavapor is compressed in a closed systerm from 15 psia, 3 cu ft, to 150psta,

0.4 cu ft. according to the relation pV"= constant. Assuming the vapur to be an ldea
BTU
gas with the gas constant as 90.72andC, = 0.384, compute the heat
b-R
transferred and the work