TRUST - Book - 2020 - Science. Tamil Medium

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TRUST
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2020
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Prepared by:
Tr. G. PRAKASH, M.Sc., M.Phil., B.Ed.,

Govt. Hr. Sec. School,
THINAIKULAM, Ramanathapuram (Dt) - 623 532.
The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.
Send Your Material &Question Answer Our Email ID -kalviexpress@gmail.com

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ghlk; gUtk; ghlj;jiyg;G gf;fk;
vz;
1 mstPl;bay; 1
2 tpirAk; mOj;jKk; 3
3 xspapay; 4
Kjy; gUtk;
4 gUg;nghUs;fs; 5
5 ek;ikr; Rw;wp epfOk; khw;wq;fs; 6
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6 Ez;Zapupfs; 7
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7 9
8 capupdq;fspd; mikg;G epiyfs; 11
9
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10 13
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12 fhw;W 15
13 mZ mikg;G 16
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14 ,af;fk; 18
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15 tsuplk; gUtkiljy; 19
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16 fzpdp tiufiy 20
17 xyp 21
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18 fhe;jtpay; 22
ww %dw;hk;; gUtk;
19 mz;lKk; tpz;ntsp mwptpaYk; 23

20 ePu; 25
21 mkpyq;fs; kw;Wk; fhuq;fs; 26
22 ek; md;whl tho;tpy; Ntjpapay; 27
23 gapug;ngUf;fk; Nkyhz;ik 29
24 jhtuq;fs; kw;Wk; tpyq;Ffs; ghJfhg;G 30
25 fhl;rpj; njhlu;gpay; 32
tpilfs; 33

TRUST v£lh« tF¥ò - Kjš gUt« - m¿éaš TRUST
34. mwptpayhsu;fs; .................. myfpy; Fwpf;fg;gl;l
1 mstPl;bay; ntg;gepiykhdpfis gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdu;.
1. kjpg;Gj; njupe;j jpl;l mstpidf; nfhz;L> 35. thdpiy mwpf;iffspy; ntg;gepiyahdJ
njupahj mstpd; kjpg;igf; fz;lwptNj ................ ........................... myfpy; nfhLf;fg;gLfpwJ.
MFk;. 36. xU Fwpg;gpl;l jpirapy; kpd;D}l;lq;fs;
2. Xu; mstPl;ilr; rpwg;ghf Nkw;nfhs;s gha;tij ..................... vd;fpNwhk;
Njitahd fhuzpfs; ..............> ............> .............. 37. kpd;Ndhl;lk; (I) = ..............................
3. CGS, MKS kw;Wk; SI myFKiwfs; .................... 38. xU flj;jpapd; topNa xU tpehbapy; xU
tifiar; rhu;e;jJ. $Yk; kpd;D}l;lk; nrd;why;> kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd;
4. FPS myFKiw .................... tifiar; rhu;ej ; J. kjpg;G xU ............... vd tiuaWf;fg;gLfpwJ.
5. CGS, MKS, FPS kw;Wk; SI myFKiwfs; 39. kpd;Ndhl;lkhdJ> ..................... vd;w fUtpahy;
,tw;wpy; NtWgl;lJ vJ? ...................... msf;fg;gLfpwJ.
6. Mq;fpy ,aw;gpayhsu;fs; gad;gLj;jpa myF 40. kPff ; lj;jpfs; ........................ ntg;gepiyapy; ve;j
Kiw ........................ tpjkhd kpd;,og;Gk; ,d;wp kpd;Ndhl;lj;ijf;
7. FPS myFKiwapy; epiwapd; myF ................... flj;Jfpd;wd.
8. vilfs; kw;Wk; mstPLfs; Fwpj;j 11-tJ 41. ...............mjpNtfkhf nry;Yk; Gy;yl; uapy;fisj;
in
nghJ khehL eilngw;w Mz;L........ ,lk;.......... jz;lthsj;jpypUe;J cau;jj ; g; gad;gLk;. ,J
9. SI myFKiw (System International) ........................ fzpdp epidtfq;fspy; gad;gLfpd;wd.
s.
nkhopapypUe;J cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. 42. 2 $Yk; kpd;D}l;lk; xU flj;jpapd; topahf
10. ,aw;gpay; msTfspy; ........................... mbg;gil 10 tpehbfSf;Fr; nrd;why;> flj;jpapy; ghAk;
es
kpd;Ndhl;lk; .....................
msTfs; cs;sd.
43. .................... Jfs;fis cs;slf;fpa nghUspd;
11. ntg;gepiyapd; SI myF .....................
msthdJ> xU Nkhy; vd tiuaWf;fg;gLk;.
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12. kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; SI myF .....................
44. ............. fUtpiag; gad;gLj;jp ek; fz;fshy;
13. kpd;D}l;lj;jpd; SI myF .....................
czug;gLk; xspapd; msit Nrhjpf;fyhk;.
14. nghUspd; mstpd; SI myF .....................
ex
45. xsp %yj;jpypUe;J xU Fwpg;gpl;l jpirapy;

15. xspr;nrwptpd; SI myF .....................
XuyF jpz;kf; Nfhzj;jpy; ntsptUk; xspapd;
16. ................... vd;gJ nghUnshd;W ngw;wpUf;Fk;
msT ................. vdg;gLk;.
vi
ntg;gj;jpd; my;yJ Fspu;r;rpapd; msitf; 46. vupAk; nkOFtu;j;jp xd;W ntspapLk; xspapd;
Fwpg;gpLk;. msT Njhuhakhf xU ................f;Fr; rkk;.
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17. mikg;G xd;wpy; cs;s Jfs;fspd; ruhrup

ka
47. xspr;nrwptpid Neupilahf Nfz;byh myfpy;

,af;f Mw;wy; .......................... vdg;gLk;. mstpLk; fUtpfs; ............... kw;Wk; ................
18. ........................... %yk; xU nghUis Neubahfj; 48. xspghak; my;yJ xspj;jpwdpd; myF ..............
w.
njhlhky; mjd; ntg;gepiyia mse;jwpa 49. xU ];l;Nubad; jpz;kf;Nfhzj;jpy; xU

KbAk;. Nfz;byh xspr;nrwpTila xspia xU
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19. gdpf;fl;bapd; cUFepiy ......................... xsp%yk; ntspapLkhdhy; mt;nthsp%yj;jpd;

20. ePupd; nfhjpepiy ........................ jpwd; xU .............. vd tiuaWf;fg;gLfpwJ.
21. ntg;gepiyia nry;rpa];> nfy;tpd; kw;Wk; 50. ,U Neu;NfhLfs; my;yJ ,U jsq;fspd;
/ghud;`l P ; msTfspy; khw;Wtjw;fhd tha;ghL FWf;Fntl;bdhy; cUthFk; Nfhzk; ..............
......................... 51. jsf;Nfhzj;jpd; SI myF .....................
22. 800 C = ............... K 52. Muj;jpw;F rkkhd ePsk; nfhz;l tl;ltpy;
23. 300 K = ...............0 C xd;W tl;lj;jpd; ikaj;jpy; Vw;gLj;Jk; Nfhzk;
24. nry;rpa]; mstPlb ; Ys;s fPoe ; piyg;Gs;sp......... ................. vdg;gLfpwJ.
25. nry;rpa]; mstPlb ; Ys;s Nky;e ; piyg;Gs;sp......... 53.  Nubad; = .........0
26. nry;rpa]; ntg;gepiykhdpapYs;s gpupTfs;..... 54. 1 Nubad; = .........0
27. /ghud;`l P ; mstPlb ; Ys;s fPoe ; piyg;Gs;sp......... 55. ,Ugupkhzk; nfhz;l Nfhzk; ........................
28. /ghud;`l P ; mstPlb ; Ys;s Nky;e ; piyg;Gs;sp......... 56. 600 = ......... Nubad;
29. /ghud;`l P ; ntg;gepiykhdpapYs;s gpupTfs;..... 57.  /4 Nubad; = .........0 C
30. nfy;tpd; mstPlb ; Ys;s fPoe ; piyg;Gs;sp............. 58. Kg;gupkhzk; nfhz;l Nfhzk; ..................
31. nfy;tpd; mstPlb ; Ys;s Nky;e ; piyg;Gs;sp......... 59. %d;W my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l jsq;fs; xU
32. nfy;tpd; ntg;gepiykhdpapYs;s gpupTfs;..... nghJthd Gs;spapy; ntl;bf;nfhs;tjhy;
33. kUj;Jt ntg;gepiykhdpfspy; mstPLfs; cUthFk; Nfhzk; ..........................
..................... myfpy; Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. 60. jpz;kf;Nfhzj;jpd; SI myF .....................
..TRUST Exam Guide for IX Std Students.. 01 ..Prepared by : G.PRAKASH, GHSS, Tkm..
61. xU $k;gpd; cr;rpapy; cUthFk; Nfhzk; ............. 85. ..................vd;gJ xU ,aw;gpay; msit mstpLk;
62. xU Nfhsj;jpd; Muj;jpd; ,Ukbf;Fr; rkkhd NghJ> cz;ikahd kjpg;gpw;F kpf neUf;fkhf
Gwg;gug;G nfhz;l rpwpa tl;lg;gFjp xd;W mike;j kjpg;igf; fz;lwpAk; xU topKiw.
ikaj;jpy; Vw;gLj;Jk; Nfhzk; xU...........vdg;gLk;. 86. kdpj ,jak; Njhuhakhf xU epkplj;jpy; ..............
63. jsf;Nfhzk; kw;Wk; jpz;kf;Nfhzk; Mfpait Kiw Jbf;Fk;.
................... msTfshFk;. (1995) 87. 1.864 vd;w vz;zpd; ,uz;L jrk ,yf;fq;fs;
64. fhl;rpapd; mbg;gilapy; fbfhuj;jpd; tiffs; KOikahf;f fpilg;gJ ................
.......................... kw;Wk; ....................... 88. 1.868 vd;w vz;zpd; ,uz;L jrk ,yf;fq;fs;
65. nray;gLk;Kiwapd; mbg;gilapy; fbfhuj;jpd; KOikahf;f fpilg;gJ ................
tiffs; .......................... kw;Wk; ....................... 89. gd;dhl;L myFKiwahdJ .............k; Mz;L
66. xU epkplj;jpw;F xU KiwAk; xU kzpf;F 60 eilngw;w vilfs; kw;Wk; msTfSf;fhd
KiwAk; fbfhuj;ij Rw;wp tUtJ ................... 14MtJ khehl;by; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.
67. ............... fbfhuq;fs; ve;jputpay; njhopy;El;gk;
90. kpd;D}l;lq;fs; vd;git ....................
my;yJ kpd;dpay; njhopy;El;gj;ij mbg;gil
91. nghUspd; msthdJ mZf;fs; my;yJ
nfhz;L nray;gLk;tifapy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.
%yf;$Wfspd; vz;zpfi ; ff;F.................. ,Uf;Fk;.
68. vz;zpyf;f tiff; fbfhuq;fs; ................ vdTk;
92. xspr;nrwpT vd;gJ ................,d; xspr;nrwpthFk;.
in
miof;fg;gLfpd;wd.
69. Fthu;l] ; ; fbfhuq;fs; ..........%yk; ,aq;Ffpd;wd. 93. SI myFKiw vd;gJ .....................
; ; fbfhuq;fspd; Jy;ypaj;jd;ikahdJ 94. mbg;gil msTfis jtpu;j;j kw;w msTfs;
s.
70. Fthu;l]
...................f;F xU tpdhb vd;w mstpy; ,Uf;Fk;. ...................... vdg;gLfpwJ.
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71. Fthu;l] ; ; fbfhuq;fspy; gad;gLk; jj;Jtk;....... 95. mstPLfspd; epiyaw;wjd;ik ................ vd
72. ............................... fbfhuq;fs; mZtpDs; Vw;gLk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
mjpu;Tfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L 96. mtfhl;Nuh vz;zpd; kjpg;G .................
pr
nray;gLfpd;wd. 97. fbfhuj;jpy; xU kzpNeuj;jpy; epkplKs; ............
73. mZf;fbfhuq;fspd; Jy;ypaj;jd;ikahdJ Kiw Rw;wptUk;.
ex
...................f;F xU tpdhb vd;w mstpy; ,Uf;Fk;. 98. xU epkpl Neuj;jpy; ............ kzpfs; cs;sd.
74. g+kpapy; ,Ug;gplj;ij fhl;Lk; mikg;gpy; (GPS)
gad;gLk; fbfhuq;fs; ...................... MFk;. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk;
vi
75. gd;dhl;L Neug;gq;fPl;L mikg;gpy; gad;gLk; ..................................................................................

fbfhuq;fs; ...................... 99. $w;W : SI myFKiw mstPLfSf;fhd kpfr;
l
rupahd KiwahFk;.
ka
76. Kjd;Kjypy; mZf;fbfhuk; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l

Mz;L ...................... ehL .................... fhuzk;: ntg;gepiyapd; SI myF nfy;tpd;.
77. rPrpak; 133 mZitf; nfhz;L nray;gLk; .......................................................................................
w.
100. $w;W : kpd;Ndhl;lk;> nghUspd; msT>

mZf;fbfhuj;ij fz;lwpe;jtu;fs; .................
xspr;nrwpT Mfpait ,aw;gpaypy; mbg;gil
kw;Wk; ................. (Mz;L ................)
mstPLfshFk;.
ww
78. ,uhay; thdpiy Ma;T ikak; mike;Js;s

,lk; ......................... fhuzk;: mit xd;W kw;nwhd;NwhL
79. GtpahdJ> ...................... ,ilntspapy; mike;j rhu;Gilajd;W.
jPuf ; f; f;NfhLfspd; mbg;gilapy; ............................. .......................................................................................
101. $w;W : fbfhuj;jpd; tpdhb Ks;spd; kPrr ; pw;wsT
kz;lyq;fshf gpupf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
xU tpdhbahFk;;.
80. ,U mLj;jLj;j Neukz;lyq;fSf;F ,ilNa
cs;s fhy ,ilntsp .................. fhuzk;: ntg;gepiyapd; SI myF nfy;tpd;.
.......................................................................................
81. ,e;jpa jpl;l Neuk; ............... topahfr; nry;Yk;
102. $w;W : mtfhl;Nuh vz; vd;gJ xU Nkhy;
jPu;f;ff;Nfhl;il Mjhukhff; nfhz;L nghUspy; cs;s mZf;fspd;
fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ. vz;zpf;ifahFk;.
82. ,e;jpa jpl;l Neuk; = ................. + ..................
83. ................... vd;gJ fz;lwpag;gl;l kjpg;ghdJ fhuzk;: mtfhl;Nuh vz; xU khwpyp MFk;.
.......................................................................................
cz;ikahd kjpg;gpw;F vt;tsT neUf;fkhf 103. $w;W : jpz;kf;Nfhzj;jpd; myF Nubad;
mike;Js;sJ vd;gijf; Fwpf;Fk;.
84. ............. vd;gJ Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; ,uz;L my;yJ fhuzk;: xU Nubad; vd;gJ tl;lj;jpd;
mjw;F Nkw;gl;l mstPLfs; xd;Wf;nfhd;W ikaj;jpypUe;J tiuag;gLk; Muj;jpd;
vt;tsT neUf;fkhf mike;Js;sd vd;gijf; ePskhdJ flf;Fk; Nfhz msthFk;.
Fwpf;fFk;. 
24. jputq;fSf;F Fwpg;gpl;l ............... ,y;iy.
2 tpirAk; mOj;jKk; 25. jput mOj;jj;jpy; cs;s NtWghLfis mwpa
cjTk; fUtp .......................
26. jputj;jpd; mOj;jkhdJ .................... rhu;ej ; J.
27. ......................... fhuzkhfNt Mo;fly; ePu; %o;Fk;
];$gh tPuu;fs; rpwg;G cilia mzpfpd;wdu;.
28. thfdq;fspy; cs;s jil mikg;G ...................
tpjpapd; mbg;gilapy; nray;gLfpwJ.
29. ePupay; cau;jj ; pfs;............. tpjpapd; mbg;gilapy;
nray;gLfpwJ.
30. kioj;Jspfs; ,aw;ifahfNt Nfhs
tbtj;ij ngw;wpUf;f fhuzk; ..........................
1. ..................... kw;Wk; .................... Mfpait tpirapd; 31. kpfr;rpW Jis topahf ntspNaWk;
tbtq;fshFk;. ePu;j;jptisahf ntspNawf; fhuzk; ...............
2. tpir xU .................. msT. 32. NtupypUe;J kuj;jpd; cr;rpf;F ePu; nry;yf;
3. tpirf;F ............... kw;Wk; ..................... cz;L. fhuzkhd tpir ......................
in
4. tpirapd; myF .................
33. gug;G ,Otpir vd;gJ ....................... xU gz;G.
5. tpirapd; tpisthdJ tpirapd; ..........................
34. jputj;jpd; Gwg;gug;gpy; XuyF ePsj;jpw;F Fj;jhf
s.
kw;Wk; mJ nray;gLk; ................ rhu;e;jJ.
nray;gLk; tpir........................ ,jd; myF..............
6. ve;jnthU nghUspd; Gwg;gug;gpw;Fk; nrq;Fj;jhf
es
35. jhtuq;fspy; ePiu flj;j cjTtJ ..................
nray;gLk; tpir ................ vdg;gLk;.
7. ce;Jtpirapd; myF ...................... 36. xU Fwpg;gpl;l gUkdpw;F kpfr;rpwpa Gwg;gug;ig
jUk; tbtk; .........................
pr
8. mOj;jj;jpd; myF ....................
9. 1 gh];fy; = ............... 37. ePur ; pye;jp ePupd; gug;gpy; vspjhf elf;f fhuzk;...
10. tpirahy; nrYj;jg;gLk; mOj;jkhdJ 38. jputq;fspd; mLj;jLj;j mLf;FfSf;F
ex
tpirapd; vz;kjpg;igAk; mJ nray;gLj;jg; ,ilNa cuha;T tpir cz;lhFk;. ,jw;F

gLk; ..........................IAk; rhu;e;J ,Uf;Fk;. ..................... vd;Wngau;.
11. mOj;jk; = ............... / ............... 39. ghfpay; tpirapd; CGS myF ....................
vi
12. ahidapd; ruhrup vil 4000 N kw;Wk; 40. ghfpay; tpirapd; SI myF ....................
ahidapd; xU ghjj;jpd; gug;G 0.1m2 vdpy; 41. Nja;khdj;jpw;F fhuzkhd tpir .......................
l
ka
ahidapd; xU fhy; %yk; nrYj;jg;gLk; 42. cuha;T tpir ................> ............... vd ,Utif.
mOj;jk; ...................... 43. epiy cuha;Tf;F cjhuzk; ..................
13. tspkz;lyk; Gtpapd; XuyF Gwg;gug;gpd; kPJ 44. ,af;f cuha;tpd; ,U tiffs; ............> ..............
w.
fPo;Nehf;fp nray;gLj;Jk; tpir my;yJ vil 45. ve;jnthU nghUisAk; ek;khy; gpbf;fTk;>
.................. vdg;gLk;. rhiyapy; elf;fTk; fhuzk; ........................
ww
14. tspkz;ly mOj;jk; .............. vd;w fUtpahy; 46. cuha;T ................... I cUthf;Fk;.
msf;fg;gLfpwJ. 47. ................................ mjpfupg;gjd; %yk; cuha;it
15. ghNuhkPll ; iu fz;lwpe;jtu; ........................... mjpfupf;fyhk;.
16. Gtpg;gug;gpypUe;J cauk; mjpfupf;Fk;NghJ 48. cuha;itf; Fiwf;f gad;gLj;jg;gLk; nghUs;
tspkz;ly mOj;jk; ....................... .......................... vdg;gLk;.
17. ghNuhkhdp Fohia ntt;NtW Nfhzq;fspy; 49. tpirapd; tpisit mstpl cjTk; ,aw;gpay;
tisj;jhYk; jputj;jk;gj;jpy; cs;s ghjur msT ......................... vdg;gLk;.
cauk; ...................... 50. xU nghUspd; ,af;fj;ij vjpu;f;Fk; tpirf;F
18. caukhd kiyg;gFjpfspy; ePuhdJ ............,y; ........................ vd;Wngau;.
nfhjpf;f Muk;gpj;JtpLk;. 51. xU nghUs; ,aq;Fk; jpirf;F vjpuhd
19. fly;ePu; kl;lj;jpy; cs;s ghNuhkhdp Fohapy;
jpirapy; tpiriar; nrYj;jpdhy; mg;nghUspd;
cs;s ghjurj;jpd; cauk; ................ (m) ..............
,af;fkhdJ .........................
20. tspkz;ly mOj;jj;jpd; SI myF ..................
52. mjpf ghFepiy nfhz;l jputk; ....................
21. xU tspkz;ly mOj;jk; = ..............................
53. xU fy;ypd; vil 500 N vdpy; 25nr.kP2 gug;G
22. jputq;fs; kw;Wk; thAf;fs; ......................... vd;W
miof;fg;gLfpd;wd. cila jsj;jpy; fy;ypdhy; Vw;gLk; mOj;jk;....
23. nghUspd; vil Nky;Nehf;F tpiriatpl 54. mjpf vilia Rkf;f cjTk; igfspd;
Fiwthf ,Ue;jhy; nghUshdJ ........................ gl;ilfs; mfykhf ,Uf;ff; fhuzk; ................
18. KjyhtJ gutisa Mbia vjpnuhspf;Fk;
$w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; thdiy thq;fp tbtpy; tbtikj;jtu; ................
55. $w;W : $u;iiahd fj;jp fha;fwpfis ntl;lg; 19. Mb cUthf;fg;gl;l Nfhsj;jpd; ikak; ..............
gad;gLfpwJ. mjd; FwpaPL ...............
20. Nfhsf Mbapd; tbtpay; ikak; .......................
fhuzk;: $u;ikahd Kidfs; mjpf mjd; FwpaPL ...................
mOj;jj;ijf; jUfpwJ. 21. Nfhsj;jpd; ikaj;jpw;Fk; mjd; Kidf;Fk;
.......................................................................................
56. $w;W : mfykhd gl;ilfs; Njhs;igfspy; ,ilg;gl;l njhiyT ................mjd; FwpaPL......
mikf;fg;gLfpd;wd. 22. Mb ikaj;ijAk; tisT ikaj;ijAk;
,izf;Fk; Neu;NfhL ................. vdg;gLk;.
fhuzk;: mfykhd gl;ilfs; ePz;l ehs; 23. xU xspf;fw;iwahdJ Nfhsf Mbapy; gl;L
ciof;Fk;.
....................................................................................... vjpnuhspj;j gpd; Kjd;ik mr;rpy; FtpAk;
57. $w;W : ePu;r;rpye;jp jz;zPupd; Nkw;gug;gpy; Gs;sp (tpupe;J nry;Yk; Gs;sp) ............. vdg;gLk;
vspjhf XLfpwJ. mjd; FwpaPL ...................
fhuzk;: ePur; r; pye;jp Fiwthd kpjg;G tpiria 24. Mb ikaj;jpw;Fk; Kjd;ikf; Ftpaj;jpw;Fk;
,ilg;gl;l njhiyT ................. vdg;gLk;.
czu;fpwJ.
in
....................................................................................... 25. tisT Muj;jpd; ghjp .................... MFk;.
26. Ftpaj;njhiyT = ................ / ................
3 xspapay;
s.
27. Nfhsf Mb xd;wpd; tisT Muk; 20 nr.kP
vdpy; mjd; Ftpaj;njhiyT ......................
es
1. xsp .........................,y; nry;Yk;. 28. Nfhsf Mb xd;wpd; tisT Muk; 25 nr.kP
2. xspia vjpnuhspf;Fk; gz;gpidg; ngw;Ws;s vdpy; mjd; Ftpaj;njhiyT ......................
gsgsg;ghd xspapay; rhjdk; ............. MFk;. 29. Nfhsf Mb xd;wpd; Ftpaj;njhiyT 7 nr.kP
pr
3. Nfhsf Mbfs;> cUis Mbfs;> gutisa vdpy; Mbapd; tisT Muk; .....................
Mbfs; kw;Wk; ePst ; l;ltbt Mbfs; Mfpait 30. Nfhsf Mb xd;wpd; Ftpaj;njhiyT 10 nr.kP
ex
...................... MbfshFk;. vdpy; Mbapd; tisT Muk; .....................

4. Nfhsf Mbapd;.............. gug;gpy; xsp vjpnuhspg;G 31. NfhsfMbapd; Njhd;Wk; gpk;gq;fs; .........> .........
epfo;ej ; hy; mJ Fop Mb vdg;gLfpwJ. 32. jpiuapy; gpbf;f ,aYk; gpk;gk; ..................
vi
5. Nfhsf Mbapd;.............. gug;gpy; xsp vjpnuhspg;G 33. jpiuapy; gpbf;f ,ayhj gpk;gk; ..................
epfo;ej ; hy; mJ Ftp Mb vdg;gLfpwJ. 34. .....................,y; vg;NghJk; Neuhd> mstpy; rpwpa
l
6. ............... Mb mUfpy; itf;fg;gl;l nghUspid

ka
khagpk;gk; Njhd;Wk;.
ngupjhf;fpf; fhl;Lk; 35. nghUspd; msTk;> gpk;gj;jpd; msTk; rkkhf
7. myq;fhuj;jpw;fhf gad;gLj;jg;gLk; fz;zhb ,Ue;jhy;> nghUs; itf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,lk; ...........
w.
.........................f;F vLj;Jf;fhl;L. 36. FopMbapy; ..............f;Fk; .............f;Fk; ,ilapy;

8. nghUspd; msittpl rpwpajhf gpk;gj;ij nghUs; itf;fg;gLk;nghOJ kl;Lk; Neuhd
ww
cUthf;Fk; Mb ...................... khagpk;gk; Vw;gLfpd;wJ.

9. rhiyapy; gpd;Gwk; tuf;$ba thfdq;fisf; 37. lhu;r; tpsf;F> thfdq;fspd; Kfg;G tpsf;F
fhz;gjw;F gad;gLj;jg;gLk; Mb .................. ,tw;wpy; gad;gLk; Mb ...................
10. Fope;j vjpnuhspf;Fk; gug;gpidf; nfhz;l 38. rhiyfspd; kpfTk; FWfpa kw;Wk; El;gkhd
Mbfs; ...................... tisTfspy; .......................... gad;gLfpd;wd.
11. ................. kw;Wk; .................. njhiyNehf;fpfspy; 39. gsgsg;ghd> nkd;ikahd gug;gpy; gl;L xsp
gutisa Mbfs; gad;gLfpd;wd. jpUk;Gk; epfo;T .................... vdg;gLk;.
12. Ez;miy njhiyNgrpf; fUtpfspy; gad;gLk; 40. gLNfhzKk; ...................ck; vg;NghJk; rkkhfNt
Mb ....................... ,Uf;Fk;.
13. #upa ntg;g #Nlw;wp> #upa rikaw;fyd; 41. xspf;fjpu; xd;wpd; gLNfhzj;jpd; kjpg;G 450
,itfspy; gad;gLk; Mb ................... vdpy; vjpnuhspg;Gf; Nfhzj;jpd; kjpg;G .............
14. .................. fhyj;jpypUe;Nj gutisa Mbfs; 42. kpfr;rpwe;j xsp vjpnuhspg;G nghUs; .................
Ntiynra;Ak; jj;Jtk; mwpag;gl;bUe;jJ. 43. vjpnuhspg;G ..............> .................. vd ,Utifg;gLk;.
15. vupf;Fk; Mbfs; vd;w E}ypd; Mrpupau; ................ 44. epiyahd jz;zuP py; Vw;gLtJ .........................
16. gutisa Mbapd; tbtk; gw;wpa jfty; vjpnuhspg;G MFk;.
,lk;ngw;Ws;s E}y; ......................... 45. ..................,y; xsp vjpnuhspg;G tpjpfs; rupahf
17. 10k; E}w;whz;by; gutisa Mbfs; gw;wp nghUe;jhJ.
fw;wwpe;jtu; ......................... 46. Rtupd;kPJ Vw;gLk; vjpnuhspg;G .................
47. rkjsf; fz;zhbfSf;F ,ilg;gl;l Nfhzk; 72. ePupd; xsptpyfy; vz; 4/3 kw;Wk; fz;zhbapd;
 vdpy;> Njhd;Wk; gpk;gq;fspd; vz;zpf;if xsptpyfy; vz; 3/2. ePupd; xsptpyfy; vz;iz
........................ nghWj;J fz;zhbapd; xsptpyfy; vz; ............
48. xd;Wf;nfhd;W ,izahff; fz;zhbfis 73. xsptpyfYf;fhd tpjpfSs; xd;W ............... tpjp
itj;jhy; .............. vz;zpf;ifapy; gpk;gq;fs; 74. ............. vd;gJ ];ney; tpjp.
Njhd;Wk;. 75. xsptpyfy; mjd; ........................f;F vjpu;jftpy;
0
49. xd;Wf;nfhd;W 90 Nfhz rha;tpy; itf;fg; ,Uf;Fk;.
gl;l ,uz;L rkjsf; fz;zhbfSf;F ,ilNa 76. .................... epw xspf;fjpu; mjpf miyePsk;
Njhd;Wk; gpk;gq;fspd; vz;zpf;if ............... kw;Wk; Fiwe;j tpyfiyf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
0
50. xd;Wf;nfhd;W 45 Nfhz rha;tpy; itf;fg; 77. .................... epw xspf;fjpu; Fiwe;j miyePsk;
gl;l ,uz;L rkjsf; fz;zhbfSf;F ,ilNa kw;Wk; mjpf tpyfiyf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
Njhd;Wk; gpk;gq;fspd; vz;zpf;if ............... 78. .................. ,y; thdtpy;iyf; fhzyhk;.
51. fiylh];Nfhg; fUtp .................... jj;Jtj;jpd; 79. nts;nshspf; fjpupd; epwg;gpupif;F ......................
mbg;gilapy; nray;gLfpwJ. Xu; vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;.
52. ngup];Nfhg; .................... tpjpapd; mbg;gilapy; 80. Mbfspy; Njhd;Wk; gpk;gq;fspd; vz;zpf;if
nray;gLfpwJ. MbfSf;fpilNa cs;s ...............I rhu;e;jJ.
in
53. ngup];Nfhg;gpy; ............... Nfhzj;jpy; fz;zhb 81. vz;zw;w tpaj;jF gpk;gq;fis cUthf;Fk;
my;yJ Kg;gl;lfk; nghUj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. fUtp ....................
s.
54. Nghupd;NghJ> ePu;%o;fpf; fg;gy;fis topelj;j 82. tise;j vjpnuhspf;Fk; gug;ig cila Mb...
....................... gad;gLfpwJ. 83. Ftpaj;njhiythdJ .................,y; ghjpasT.
es
55. cly; cs;SWg;Gfisg; ghu;gg ; jw;F ..............I 84. xsptpyfy; vz;   .................
kUj;Jtu;fs; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdu;. 
pr
56. fhw;wpy; xspapd; jpirNtfk; ..................
57. mlu;T Fiw Clfj;jpypUe;J mlu;TkpF 4 gUg;nghUs;fs;
Clfj;jpw;F xspahdJ nry;Yk;NghJ mjd;
ex
nrq;Fj;Jf;Nfhl;il .............. tpyfilAk;. 1. gUg;nghUs;fspd; fl;likg;G myF ...................

58. mlu;T kpF Clfj;jpypUe;J mlu;T Fiw 2. xU J}a nghUspd; kpfr;rpwpa Jfs; ................
Clfj;jpw;F xspahdJ nry;Yk;NghJ mjd; 3. kpd;Rik ngw;Ws;s mZf;fs; my;yJ
vi
nrq;Fj;Jf;Nfhl;il .............. tpyfilAk;. mZf;fspd; njhFg;G .................. vdg;gLfpd;wd.

l
59. Xu; Clfj;jpy; .......................... mjpfk; vdpy; tpyfy; 4. xU Fwpg;gpl;l nghUis czu;j;Jk; cUtk;
ka
FiwAk;. .................. vdg;gLk;.

60. Xu; Clfj;jpy; xspapd; jpirNtfk; FiwT 5. mikjpapd; FwpaPL .................
6. epyj;ijf; Fwpf;Fk; fpNuf;f FwpaPL .................
w.
vdpy; tpyfy; .....................

61. Xu; Clfj;jpd; xsptpyfy; msthdJ me;j 7. ePiuf; Fwpf;Fk; fpNuf;f FwpaPL .................
8. fhw;iwf; Fwpf;Fk; fpNuf;f FwpaPL .................
ww
Clfj;jpd; ................... vdg;gLfpwJ.

62. xspapd; jpirNtfj;jpw;Fk;> xU Fwpg;gpl;l 9. neUg;igf; Fwpf;Fk; fpNuf;f FwpaPL .................
Clfj;jpy; xspapd; jpirNtfj;jpw;Fk; ,ilNa 10. epf;fiy Fwpf;Fk; ,urthjpfspd; FwpaPL............
cs;s jfT ................... MFk;. 11. Mu;rdpf; Fwpf;Fk; ,urthjpfspd; FwpaPL............
63. fhw;wpd; xsptpyfy; vz; ...................... 12. Mz;bkdp Fwpf;Fk; ,urthjpfspd; FwpaPL............
64. ePupd; xsptpyfy; vz; ...................... 13. ePiuf; Fwpf;Fk; ,urthjpfspd; FwpaPL............
65. <jupd; xsptpyfy; vz; ...................... 14. Fiwe;j kjpg;Gila cNyhfq;fis jq;fkhf
66. kz;nzz;nza;-,d; xsptpyfy; vz; ...................... khw;Wk; nray; .................. vdg;gLk;.
67. rhjhuzf; fz;zhbapd; xsptpyfy; vz;.............. 15. jdpkq;fisf; Fwpg;gjw;F Mq;fpy vOj;jpid
68. Fthu;l;]-; ,d; xsptpyfy; vz; ...................... gad;gLj;Jk; Kiwia cUthf;fpatu; ..............
69. ituj;jpd; xsptpyfy; vz; ...................... 16. mwptpay; mwpQu; ngau; nfhz;l jdpkk;..........
70. fhw;wpy; xspapd; jpirNtfk; 3x10 kPtp kw;Wk; 17. flTspd; ngau; nfhz;l jdpkk; ......................
8 -1
Clfj;jpy; xspapd; jpirNtfk; 2 x 108 kPtp-1 18. xU ehl;bd; nghUshjhuk; me;ehl;by; ,Ug;gpy;
fhw;iwg; nghWj;J Clfj;jpy; xsptpyfy; vz; itf;fg;gl;Ls;s .................,d; msitf; nfhz;L
........................... mstplg;gLfpwJ.
71. fhw;wpy; xspapd; jpirNtfk; 3x10 kPtp kw;Wk; 19. nkd;ikahd kw;Wk; Fiwe;j mlu;j;jpiaf;
8 -1
Clfj;jpy; xsptpyfy; vz; 1.5 vdpy; ngw;Ws;s cNyhfk; ............... kw;Wk; ................
Clfj;jpd; xspapd; jpirNtfk; ................. 20. kpfTk; fbdkhd cNyhfk; ...................
21. njhlu;tz;bg;ghij mikf;f ,Uk;G gad;glf; 41. xU %yf;$W ePupy; ........... Mf;]p[d; mZTk;
fhuzk; ,Uk;gpd; .................. gz;ghFk;. .............. i`l;u[d; mZf;fSk; cs;sd.
22. jpupGjhq;Fk; gz;gpypUe;J khWgLk; 42. ePupy; Mf;]p[d; kw;Wk; i`l;u[d; ,tw;wpd;
cNyhfq;fs; .............> ..............> ...................... fdmsT tpfpjk; .......................
23. rpwe;j kpd;flj;Jk; cNyhfq;fs; ............> ........... 43. ePupy; Mf;]p[d; kw;Wk; i`l;u[d; ,tw;wpd;
24. ................. kw;Wk; .................. Mfpa cNyhfq;fs; epiw tpfpjk; .......................
mupjpw;flj;jpfshFk; 44. fdpkr;Nru;kj;jpw;F vLj;Jf;fhl;L ..............> ............
25. vy;yh thAepiy jdpkq;fSk; .................. MFk;. 45. fupkr;Nru;kj;jpw;F vLj;Jf;fhl;L ..............> ............
26. fbdj;jd;ik kw;Wk; mjpf mlu;jj ; p ngw;Ws;s 46. rhjhuz cg;gpd; Ntjpg; ngau; ........................
mNyhfk; .................. 47. ru;f;fiuapd; Ntjpg; ngau; ........................
27. ituk; vd;gJ ...................,d; xU tbtkhFk;. 48. nuhl;b Nrhlhtpd; Ntjpg; ngau; ........................
28. mjpf cUFepiyAk;> nfhjpepiyAk; nfhz;l 49. ryit Nrhlhtpd; Ntjpg; ngau; ........................
mNyhfq;fs; ...................> ................> ......................
50. ryitj;J}spd; Ntjpg; ngau; ........................
29. fhu;gdpd; xU tbtkhfpa ................. kpd;rhuj;ij
51. Rl;l Rz;zhk;G Ntjpg; ngau; ........................
flj;Jk;.
52. ePw;wpa Rz;zhk;G Ntjpg; ngau; ........................
30. ................ kw;Wk; ................ fye;j cNyhff;fyit
53. Rz;zhk;Gf; fy; Ntjpg; ngau; ........................
in
tpkhdq;fs; jahupg;gpy; gad;gLfpwJ.
31. uhf;nfl; ghfq;fs; jahupg;gpy; gad;gLtJ......... 54. fbdePiu nkd;ePuhf;f gad;gLtJ ................
; ............. gad;gLfpwJ. 55. rpkpz;l; kw;Wk; fz;zhb jahupf;f gad;gLtJ....
s.
32. X-fjpu; ve;jpuq;fs; jahupff
33. Jg;ghf;fpj;J}s; jahupf;f gad;gLk; mNyhfk; 56. kapy;Jj;jk; vd miof;fg;gLtJ .................
es
...................... 57. gr;irj;Jj;jk; vd miof;fg;gLtJ .................
34. jPg;ngl;b jahupf;fTk;> vypkUe;J jahupf;fTk; 58. Fwpg;gpl;l tbtNkh> Fwpg;gpl;l fdmsNth
gad;gLk; mNyhfk; ................... mw;w nghUs; ................... vdg;gLk;.
pr
35. mk;Nkhdpah jahupf;f ............. gad;gLfpwJ. 59. cNyhfg;Nghypf;F cjhuzk; ...............> ...............
36. uhf;nfl; vupnghUshf gad;gLk; mNyhfk; ....... 60. ntg;gepiykhdpfspy; gad;gLk; jput cNyhfk;
ex
37. cNyhfg;Nghypfspd; ,aw;gpay; gz;Gfs; .........................

..........................I xj;jpUf;fpd;wd. 61. fk;gpahf ePSk; jd;ikiag; ngw;Ws;s
38. cNyhfg;Nghypfspd; Ntjpapay; gz;Gfs; mNyhfk; .....................
vi
..........................I xj;jpUf;fpd;wd. 62. fupf;Nfhypd; eLj;Jz;by; ,Ug;gJ ....................

39. kpd;dZf; fUtpfspy; gad;gLk; cNyhfg; 63. fe;jf mkpyjj;jpd; nghJg;ngau; ................
l
ka
Nghyp .................. MFk;. 64. [pg;rk; vd miof;fg;gLk; Nru;kk; ....................

40. uhf;nfl; vupnghUis gw;w itf;f gad;gLk; 
nghUs; ..........................
w.
jdpkq;fspd; 5 ek;ikr; Rw;wp epfOk; khw;wq;fs;

fpNuf;fg; ngau;fSk; FwpaPLfSk; 1. ...................... khw;wk; vd;gJ epue;jukhd> kPshj;
ww
jd;ikAila kw;Wk; Gjpa nghUis

Nrhbak; Nel;upak; Na cUthf;ff;$ba khw;wkhFk;.
;f...
2. Rl;l Rz;zhk;G ePUld; njhlu;G nfhs;Sk;NghJ

gbq
nghl;lhrpak; Nfypak; K
.................... cUthfpwJ.
,Uk;G /ngu;uk; Fe
Ak;
3. jPf;Fr;rpapd; jiyg;gFjpapy; ................. kw;Wk;

fhg;gu; Fg;uk;; Cu
j
........................ cs;sJ.
,i
rpy;tu; mu;n[z;lk; Ag 4. jPg;ngl;bapd; gf;fthl;by; ............... cs;sJ.

jq;fk; Muk; Au 5. kpd;dhw;gFj;jy; vd;w nrhy;iy mwpKfk;
nku;f;Fup i`l;uhu;[pak; Hg nra;jtu; .........................
6. njhopw;rhiyfspy; Rz;zhk;Gf;fy; ghiwfs;
nyl; g;sk;gk; Pb
ntl;lg;gl;L Rl;l Rz;zhk;G ngwg;gLtJ
bd; ];Nldk; Sn ................... %yk; epfOk; Ntjptpidf;F cjhuzk;.
Mz;bkzp ];bgpak;; Sb 7. rpnkz;l;bd; %yg;nghUs; .......................
lq;];ld; cy;/guk; W 8. jhtuq;fs; ];lhu;r; vd;Dk; czTg;nghUs;
jahupf;Fk; epfo;T ................... %yk; epfOk;
Ntjptpidf;F cjhuzk;.
9. tspkz;lyj;jpd; ,uz;lhk; mLf;F .................
10. %d;W Mf;]p[d; mZf;fs; Nru;ej ; %yf;$W...... 6 Ez;Zapupfs;
11. xU Ntjptpidapy; Ntfj;ij khw;w cjTk; 1. itu]; ................... kw;Wk; .............. My; Mdit.
nghUs; ........................ 2. ,yj;jPd; nkhopapy; itu]; vd;gJ .................
12. N`gu; Kiwapy; mk;Nkhdpah jahupf;f ............. vdg; nghUs;gLk;.
tpidNtf khw;wpahf gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. 3. nry;Yf;Fs;Ns thOk; fl;lha xl;Lz;zp...........
13. td];gjp nea; (lhy;lh) jahupj;jypy; ed;F 4. itui]g; gw;wpa gbg;G ..................
J}shf;fg;gl;l .................. tpidNtf khw;wpahf 5. itu];fs; ghf;Bupahitf; fhl;bYk;....................
nray;gLfpwJ. klq;F rpwpait.
14. .................... kw;Wk; .................... capup tpidNtf 6. rpf;fyhd tbtk; nfhz;l itu]; .....................
khw;wpfs; vdg;gLfpd;wd. 7. Nfhstbtk; nfhz;l itu]; .....................
8. cUtis tbtk; nfhz;l itu]; .....................
15. gPu; cw;gj;jp njhopw;rhiyfs; ..................................
9. ghf;Bupaq;fs; xU nry;yhyhd ............... MFk;.
vdg;gLfpd;wd.
10. G+kpapy; Kjd; Kjypy; Njhd;wpa thOk;
16. gPu>; itd; Nghd;w My;f`hy; ghdq;fs; ...............
capupdk; ........................
%yk; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLfpd;wd. 11. tifg;ghl;baypy; ............... vd;Dk; cyfj;jpy;
in
17. Kl;ilfs; mOFk;NghJ............... thA cUthFk;. fPo; ghf;Bupah ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ.
18. Mg;gps; goj;jpd; nry;fs; 12. ghf;Bupah ............... Kjy; ............... msTilaJ.
s.
..................... vd;w vd;irikf; 13. ghf;Bupah nry;ypy; Gujr;Nru;fi ; fahdJ ..............
nfhz;Ls;sd. tif iuNghNrhk;fshy; eilngWfpwJ.
es
19. ntl;lg;gl;;l Mg;gps; gOg;G 14. nry;ypd; tbtj;ijg; nghWj;J ghf;Bupahf;fs;
epwkhf khWtjw;F ................... tifg;gLk;.
pr
fhuzkhd epwkp ..................... 15. Nfhy;tbt ghf;BupahTf;F v.fh .....................
20. ePNuwpa ngu;upf; Mf;i]L 16. RUs;tbt ghf;BupahTf;F v.fh .....................
17. ,izfshf cs;s Nfhstbt ghf;BupahTf;F
ex
................... MFk;.
21. ................ vd;gJ kpd;rhuk; %yk; Ntjptpidfs; v.fh .....................
epfo;j;JtjhFk;. 18. rq;fpyp tbtpy; cs;s Nfhs tbt
vi
22. Ez;Zapupfspd; Ntjptpidfshy; Ju;ehw;wj;ij ghf;BupahTf;F v.fh .....................

jUk; tifapy; czT nfl;Lg;Nghjy; ................... 19. nfhj;jhf cs;s Nfhstbt ghf;BupahTf;F
l
v.fh .....................
ka
vdg;gLk;.
20. fkh (>) tbt ghf;BupahTf;F v.fh .....................
23. capupay; Ntjp tpidfspy; tpidNtf
21. xw;iwf; firapio tif ghf;Bupah v.fh..............
khw;wpahf nray;gLk; nghUs; ................ MFk;.
w.
22. xU Kid fw;iwf; firapio tif ghf;Bupah

24. fhfpjk; vupjy; xU ................... khw;wk;. v.fh..............
23. ,U Kid fw;iwf; firapio tif ghf;Bupah
ww
v.fh..............
24. Rw;Wf; firapio tif ghf;Bupah v.fh..............
25. firapioaw;w tif ghf;Bupah v.fh..............
25. jPfF ; r;rp vupjy; ................. mbg;gilapyhd Ntjp 26. jdJ czit jhNd jahupj;Jf; nfhs;Sk;
tpidf;F xU vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;. ghf;Bupah ...................
26. tptrhaj;jpy; ................... Kf;fpa cukhFk;. 27. $l;Lapu; tho;f;if Kiwia Nkw;nfhs;Sk;
27. gpiud; vd;gJ .................. ,d; mlu; fiury;. ghf;Bupah ...................
28. kdpjdpd; rpWFlypy; thOk; ghf;Bupah ...........
28. kioePupy; fiue;Js;s ry;gu; il Mf;irL>
29. ghf;Bupahf;fs; ................. Kiwapy; ,dg;ngUf;fk;
iel;u[d; Mf;irLfs;...........I cUthf;Ffpd;wd.
nra;fpd;wd.
29. gpiud; fiurypd; kpd;dhw;gFj;jy; ......................>
30. G+Q;irfspy; .................. fhzg;gLtjpy;iy.
.................... thAf;fisj; jUfpwJ. 31. G+Q;ir................. tifiar; Nru;ej ; J.
30. CFC vd;gjd; tpupT .................. 32. .................... xU nry; G+Q;irf;F cjhuzk;.
31. Rl;l Rz;zhk;gpypUe;J ePw;Wr; Rz;zhk;G 33. .................... gy nry; G+Q;irf;F cjhuzk;.
cUthtJ xU ................. tpidahFk;. 34. G+Q;irfs; gw;wpa gbg;G .....................
32. Rz;zhk;Gf;fy; rpijtiljy; ............... tpid. 35. G+Qi ; rfspy; Rkhuhf ..................... ,dq;fs; cz;L
 36. <];l; cw;gj;jp nra;Ak; nehjpapd; ngau; .............
37. xU nry; G+Q;irfspy; .................................. %yk; 74. fhw;wpy;yh epiyapy; fopTePu; Rj;jpfupg;gpw;F
,dg;ngUf;fk; eilngWfpwJ. .................... gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
38. fhshdpy; kz;zpw;F Nky; tsUk; Fil Nghd;w 75. capup thA cw;gj;jpapy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;
mikg;G mjd; ............. cWg;ghFk;. ghf;Bupaq;fs; ......................
39. fhshdpy; ,dg;ngUf;fk; ....................... kw;Wk;......... 76. ypndd; E}y; ,iofs; ........................ Kiwapy;
Kiwapy; eilngWfpwJ. jahupf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
40. G+Qi ; rapy; i`ghf;fspd; Rtu;........... My; MdJ. 77. kpUJthf;Fjy; Kiwapy; gad;gLk;
41. kl;Fz;zp tif G+Q;irf;F v.fh .................. ghf;Bupaq;fs; .....................
42. xl;Lz;zp tif G+Q;irf;F v.fh .................. 78. ghiy japuhf khw;Wk; ghf;Bupah ....................
43. $l;Lapup tif G+Q;irf;F v.fh .................. 79. japiug; gjg;gLj;Jk; NghJ ............. fpilf;fpwJ.
44. My;fhf;fs; ................. tifiar; Nru;e;jit. 80. kdpj Flypy; thOk; kw;Wk;
45. My;fhitg; gw;wpa gbg;G ......................... czT nrupkhdj;jpy; cjTk; ghf;Bupah ................
46. ..................... xU nry;yhyhd My;fh MFk;. 81. kdpj Flypy; thOk; ................... vd;w ghf;Bupah
47. ..................... gy nry;yhyhd My;fh MFk;. itl;lkpd; K kw;Wk; itl;lkpd; B $l;Lg;
48. .........efUk; jpwDila ed;duP ;tho; ghrpahFk;. nghUis cw;gj;jp nra;a cjTfpwJ.
49. rpy My;fhf;fs; ngw;Ws;s xspr;Nru;f;if 82. mkpyj;ij tpUk;gf;$ba ghf;Bupah ....................
in
epwkpfs; ................> ...............> ..............> ................ 83. fhw;wpd;%yk; guTk; itu]; fha;r;ry; ................
50. fpNuf;fj;jpy; Nrhtd; vd;gjd; nghUs; .............. 84. kdpjupy; fhrNehia cz;lhf;Fk; Ez;Zapup....
s.
51. GNuhl;NlhNrhth ................ tifiar; Nru;e;jJ. 85. kdpjupy; rhjhuz rspia cz;lhf;Fk;
52. GNuhl;NlhNrhthitg; gw;wpa gbg;G ..................... Ez;Zapup .........................
es
53. GNuhl;NlhNrhth .................... msTilad. 86. tpyq;Ffs; fbg;gjhy; kdpjDf;F Vw;gLk;
54. rpypNal;lh tif GNuhl;NlhNrhthTf;F v.fh..... itu]; Neha; ......................
55. gpshn[y;Nyl;lh tif GNuhl;NlhNrhthTf;F 87. Nugp]; Neha; Vw;glf; fhuzkhd Ez;Zapup......
pr
v.fh......................... 88. mkPgpf; rPjNgjp Vw;glf; fhuzkhd Ez;Zapup
56. Nghypf;fhy;fshy; ,lk;ngauf;$ba ...........................
ex
GNuhl;NlhNrhth tif ................................ 89. ngz; mNdhgpy]; nfhR %yk; guTk; Neha;....
57. #NlhNghbah tif GNuhl;NlhNrhthTf;F 90. kNyupahit Vw;gLj;Jk; Ez;Zapup ...................
v.fh......................... 91. kNyupahtpw;F vjpuhd kUe;Jfs; .............> .............
vi
58. xl;Lz;zp tif GNuhl;NlhNrhthTf;F v.fh........ 92. tpyq;Ffspy; tha; kw;Wk; fhy;f;Fsk;G Neha;
59. ngdprpypd; xU .................... Vw;glf; fhuzkhd Ez;Zapup .......................
l
ka
60. ngd;rpypid Kjd;Kjypy; fz;lwpe;jtu; ........... ,e;Neha;f;fhd jLg;G+rp .....................

61. ngd;rpypd; ........................... vd;w G+Q;irapypUe;J 93. fhy;eilfSf;F Vw;gLk; ghf;Bupah Neha; .............
ngwg;gLfpwJ. 94. jhtuq;fspy; rpl;u]; Nfd;fu; Neha; Vw;glf;
w.
62. nll;ld];> bg;jPupah Nghd;w Neha;fisf; fhuzkhd Ez;Zapup .......................

Fzg;gLj;jg; gad;gLk; kUe;J ....................... 95. cUisf;fpoq;fpy; gpisl; Neha; Vw;glf;
ww
63. gpNsf; Neha;f;F rpfpr;iraspf;f gad;gLk; fhuzkhd Ez;Zapup ........................

kUe;J ......................... 96. Mg;gpupf;f J}f;f Nehia cz;Lgz;ZtJ..........
64. ngupak;ikf;fhd jLg;g+rpapid Kjd;Kjypy; 97. Mg;gpupf;f J}f;f Neha; ............. %yk; guTfpwJ.
fz;lwpe;jtu; ..................... 98. czT gjg;gLj;jypy; etPd El;gk; ................
65. thf;rpNd\d; vd;w nrhy;iy #l;batu; ............. 99. jput czTfis ghJfhf;Fk; Kiw ................
66. jl;lk;ikf;fhd jLg;G+rp .................... 100. gjg;gLj;Jy; Kiwia fz;lwpe;jtu; ................
67. fhrNeha;f;fhd jLg;G+rp .................... 101. gjg;gLj;Jjypy; ghiy .................f;F #Nlw;wp
68. Ez;Zapupfs; fopTfis kl;fr; nra;tjhy; gpd;du; .....................f;F Fspu;tpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
................. vd miof;fg;gLfpd;wd. 102. nehjpj;jYf;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;l ghy; nghUspy;
69. .................... ghf;Bupaq;fs;> tspkz;ly iel;u[id $Ljyhf gad;gLj;jg;gLk; capUs;s czTg;
iel;Nul;Lfshf kz;zpy; epiyepWj;Jfpd;wd. nghUs; ................. MFk;.
70. kz;zpy; jdpj;J thOk; ghf;Bupaq;fshd 103. GNuhgahl;bf;F cjhuzk; ....................
.................... kw;Wk; .................... Nghd;wit capupay; 104. n`ypNfhghf;lu; igNyhupahy; cz;lhd
Kiwapy; iel;u[id epiyg;gLj;Jfpd;wd. tapw;Wg;Gz;fis Fzg;gLj;JtJ ....................
71. G+r;rpfisf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; Ez;Zapup ............... 105. Foe;ijg;gUtj;jpy; cz;lhFk; kyr;rpf;fiy
72. Ntu;fSf;F ghJfhg;gspj;J jhtuq;fspy; Fzg;gLj;j gad;gLtJ .....................
Neha;ff ; pUkpfisf; fl;Lg;gLj;JtJ ...................... 106. .............. vd;w nrhy; Gujj;jhyhd njhw;Wj;Jfs;
73. fZf;fhypfisj; jhf;Fk; itu]; ....................... vd;w thu;j;ijapypUe;J ngwg;gl;lJ.
107. ................ vd;git nghJthf jpBu; khw;wkile;j 18. ,Utpj;jpiyj; jhtuq;fs; ............Ntiu cilaJ.
jPq;F juhj Gujq;fshFk;. 19. ,Utpj;jpiyj; jhtuq;fspd; kyu;fs; .................
108. ghY}l;bfspy; fhzg;gLk; midj;J tpjkhd my;yJ ................. mq;fq;fisf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
gpupahd; Neha;fSk; ................... my;yJ ................. 20. xUtpj;jpiyj; jhtuq;fspd; ,iyfspy; ..............
,tw;iw ghjpg;gdthFk;. euk;gikT cs;sJ.
109. gpupahd; Neha;f;F v.fh. ...................> .................... 21. xUtpj;jpiyj; jhtuq;fs; ............Ntiu cilaJ.
110. ................. vd;gJ xU KOikahd itu]; Jfs;. 22. xUtpj;jpiyj; jhtuq;fspd; kyu;fs; .................
111. itui] #o;e;Js;s Guj ciw .................. my;yJ ................. mq;fq;fisf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
112. Ez;Zapupfs; ...............My; mstplg;gLfpd;wd. 23. .............. jhtuq;fspy; fdpfs; cUthtjpy;iy.
113. capUs;s kw;Wk; capuw;witfspd; gz;Gfis 24. [pk;Ndh];nguk;-,d; %d;W FLk;gq;fs; ................
ngw;wit ..................... ....................> ....................
114. My;fhtpd; jhtu cyfk; ............... vdg;gLfpwJ. 25. [pk;Ndh];nguk; vd;gJ ........................
115. nry;Yf;F ntspNa fhzg;gLk; itu];fs; 26. khkuj;jpd; jhtutpay; ngau; .....................
............................... vdg;gLfpd;wd. 27. ,Unrhw; ngaupLjy; Kiwia Kjd;Kjypy;
$w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; jdJ Gj;jfj;jpy; vOjpatu; ......................
116. $w;W : kNyupah GNuhl;Nrhthtpdhy; 28. ,e;jpahtpy; kpfg;ngupa cyu;jhtu njhFg;G
(nù;Ngupak;) cs;s ,lk; .................
in
cz;lhfpwJ.
29. cyfj;jpNyNa kpfg;ngupa cyu; jhtunjhFg;G
fhuzk;: ,e;Neha; nfhRtpdhy; guTfpwJ.
cs;s ,lk; .................
s.
117. $w;W : My;fhf;fs; gpwrhu;G capupfshFk;. 30. ,Unrhw; ngaupLjy; Kiwia Kjd;Kjypy;
fhuzk;: mit gr;iraj;ij ngwtpy;iy
es
mwpKfg;gLj;jpatu; .................. Mz;L ................
 31. ghrpfspd; jhtu clykhdJ .......... vdg;gLk;.
32. ..........,y; Ntu;> jz;L> ,iy vd NtWgLj;j;
jhtu cyfk;
pr
7 ,ayhJ.
1. Vwj;jho .................. capupdq;fs; ,e;j cyfpy; 33. efu;e;J nry;yhky; xNu ,lj;jpy; thOk;
ex
cs;sd. ghrpf;F v.fh. ....................

2. epyj;jpy; thOk; capupdq;fspd; vz;zpf;if.... 34. ngupa ,iyfSld; $ba ghrpf;F v.fh..................
3. ePupy; thOk; capupdq;fspd; vz;zpf;if........... 35. FOthf Nru;e;J thOk; jd;ik nfhz;l
vi
4. G+f;Fk; jhtuq;fspd; vz;zpf;if .................... ghrpf;F v.fh. ....................

5. jhtu cyfk; ............gpupTfshf gpupf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ 36. cau; jhtuq;fisg; Nghd;w cly; mikg;gpid
l
6. Taxis vd;w fpNuf;fr; nrhy;ypd; nghUs;............ nfhz;Ls;s ghrpf;F v.fh. ....................

ka
7. Nomos vd;w fpNuf;fr; nrhy;ypd; nghUs;............ 37. ,Unrhy; ngaupLk;Kiw njhlu;ghd tpjpKiw
8. tifg;ghl;by; vd;Dk; nrhy;iy Kjd;Kjypy; kw;Wk; gupe;Jiufs; jw;NghJ...............,y; cs;sJ.
w.
cUthf;fpatu; .................. 38. ICN vd;gjd; tpupT .....................

9. jhtuq;fspd; Gwj;Njhw;wg; gz;Gfspd; 39. epwkpfspd; mbg;gilapy; ghrpfspd; gpupTfis
$wpatu; ............... Mz;L ..............
ww
mbg;gilapy; tifg;gLj;jg;gLtJ ............ Kiw

10. nraw;if tifg;ghl;L Kiwapy; kpfTk; Gfo; 40. ePyg;gr;ir ghrpfspd; epwkp .................
ngw;wJ ........................ 41. rptg;Gg; ghrpfspd; czT Nrkpg;G .................
42. ePyg;gr;ir ghrpfspd; epwkp .................
11. fNuhy]; ypd;Nda]; vOjpa Gj;jfk; ................
43. rptg;Gg; ghrpfspd; czT Nrkpg;G .................
12. ......................... kw;Wk; ...................... MfpNahupd;
44. czthf cl;nfhs;Sk; ghrpfs; ..........> ...........
tifg;ghl;bay; Kiw ,aw;if tifg;ghl;L
45. tPl;L tpyq;FfSf;F czthfg; gad;gLk;
Kiwf;F vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;.
ghrp ...................> ......................
13. jhtuq;fspd; Gwj;Njhw;wg; gz;G> ,dg;ngUf;fg;
46. iel;u[id kz;zpy; epiyepWj;Jk; ghrp ............
gz;G mbg;gilapy; tifg;gLj;jg;gLtJ ............
47. mfu; mfu; ............... ghrpapypUe;J vLf;fg;gLfpwJ
KiwahFk;.
48. Ma;tfq;fspy; tsu;Cf;fpahf gad;gLtJ .........
14. nge;jk; kw;Wk; `_f;fu; vOjpa Gj;jfk; ............
49. mfu; mfu;-f;F cjhuzk; ................> ................
15. ,aw;if tifg;ghl;L Kiw tpsf;fpAs;s
50. ............. ghrpapypUe;J mNahbd; ngwg;gLfpwJ.
Gj;jfk; .................. 51. tpz;ntspg; gazj;jpy; gad;gLk; ghrp ...............
16. ,aw;if tifg;ghl;L Kiwapy; tpijj; 52. kdpjf; fopTfis kl;fr; nra;Ak; ghrp .............
jhtuq;fs; ....................... tFg;Gfshf gpupf;fg;gl;L 53. Gujj;ij cw;gj;jp nra;Ak; ghrpfs; ....................
cs;sd. 54. FWf;Fr; Rtuw;w G+Q;ir ,iofspy;
17. ,Utpj;jpiyj; jhtuq;fspd; ,iyfspy; .............. cl;fUf;fspd; vz;zpf;if mjpfkhf ,Ug;gjhy;
euk;gikT cs;sJ. mij ....................... vd;fpNwhk;.
55. g+Q;irfspd; czTg;nghUshdJ .......................
.............................. Mf Nrkpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
56. G+Q;irfspd; tifg;ghl;Lf; $wpatu; ....................
57. cz;zf;$ba fhshd; tif ..................
58. g+Q;irapypUe;J jahupf;fg;gLk; Ez;Zapu;f;
nfhy;ypfs; ................> ................> ..............> .................
59. itl;lkpd; B2-it cUthf;Fk; G+Q;irfs;.........
60. Ie;Jyf tifg;ghl;il cUthf;fpatu; ................
61. Ie;Jyf tifg;ghl;by; G+Qi ; r................ cyfkhf 93. ,wFtbt $l;biyfs; nfhz;lit ...................
cs;sJ. 94. tprpwptbt ,iyfisf; nfhz;lit ..................
62. gUj;jpapy; thly; Neha;f;F fhuzk; ................... 95. Ju;ehw;wj;ij jUk; jhtuk; .......................
63. Ntu;fliyapy; bf;fh Neha;fF ; fhuzk; ................. 96. gRik khwh $k;G tbtj; jhtuk; ....................
64. fUk;gpy; rptg;G mOfy; Neha;fF ; fhuzk;............ 97. ................... jhtuq;fspy; my;yp kw;Wk; Gy;yp
65. ney;ypy; gpsh];l; Neha;fF ; fhuzk; ................... ,jo;fs; gpupf;fg;glhky; xNu tl;lj;jpy;
66. Ks;sq;fpapy; ntz;Gs;sp Neha;fF ; fhuzk;.......... mike;jpUf;Fk;.
67. ,se;jiyKiwapdiu ghjpg;gilar; nra;J 98. ................. jhtuq;fspy; my;yp kw;Wk; Gy;yp vd
in
kdmOj;jj;ij Vw;glr; nra;Ak; G+Q;ir ............ ,uz;L ,jo; mLf;Ffshfg; gpupf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;.
68. FOe;ijfsplk; xt;thik Vw;gLj;Jk; G+Q;ir..... 99. Fg;igNkdpapd; jhtutpay; ngau; .......................
s.
69. Foe;ijfSf;F xt;thik Vw;glhky; jLf;Fk; 100. Fg;igNkdp ................... FLk;gj;ijr; Nru;e;jJ.
101. tpy;tkuj;jpd; jhtutpay; ngau; .......................
G+Q;ir ......................
es
102. tpy;tkuk; .................. FLk;gj;ijr; Nru;e;jJ.
70. kdpj Njhypy; tl;l tbtkhd nfhg;gsq;fs;
103. J}Jtisapd; jhtutpay; ngau; .......................
Njhd;wf; fhuzkhd G+Q;ir ...................
104. J}Jtis .................... FLk;gj;ijr; Nru;e;jJ.
pr
71. nghLF Vw;glf; fhuzkhd G+Q;ir ...................
105. fPohney;ypapd; jhtutpay; ngau; .......................
72. kdpj fhy; ghjj;jpy; Neha; Vw;glf; fhuzkhd
106. fPohney;yp .................... FLk;gj;ijr; Nru;e;jJ.
G+Q;ir ...................
ex
107. fy;yuP y; Neha;fSf;F kUe;jhfg; gad;gLtJ.....

73. jhtu cyfj;jpd; ,Utho;tpfs; vdg;gLtJ......
108. Nrhw;Wf;fw;whioapd; jhtutpay; ngau; ..............
74. kUe;Jfspd; murp .................... 109. Nrhw;Wf;fw;whio ............... FLk;gj;ijr; Nru;ej ; J.
vi
75. gpiuNah/igl;Lfspy; ghypdg;ngUf;fk; .............. 110. ed;F tsu;r;rpaile;j ];NghNuhigbf; jhtuk;

Kiwapy; eilngWfpwJ. cyfk; nfhz;ltit .................
l
76. gpiuNah/igl;Lfspd; ................ tFg;G fPok ; l;l 111. VQ;rpNah vd;Dk; fpNuf;fr; nrhy;ypd; nghUs;....
ka
jhtuq;fs; MFk;. 112. ];ngu;kh vd;Dk; fpNuf;fr; nrhy;ypd; nghUs;.......

77. fPo;kl;lj; jhtuq;fSf;F cjhuzk; .................
w.
78. gpiuNah/igl;Lfspd; ..................................... tFg;G $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk;

cau;epiy jhtuq;fs; MFk;.
79. cau;epiy jhtuq;fSf;F cjhuzk; ................. 113. $w;W : ngdprpypd; xU capnujpu;g;nghUs;.
ww
80. kz;zupg;ig jLf;Fk; jhtu tif ................. ngdprpypak; nehl;Nll;lk; vd;w g+Q;irapypUe;J
81. FOe;ijf;F xUKiw gad;gLj;Jk; miuf; ngwg;gLfpwJ.
fr;irapy; gad;gLtJ .................... fhuzk;: ,J kw;w Ez;Zapupfis nfhy;Yk;
82. ePiu cwpQ;rp itj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; jhtuk;........ my;yJ tsu;r;rpia jil nra;Ak;.
83. nguzpfs; .................. jhtuq;fshf tsu;ff ; g;gLk;. .......................................................................................
84. Flw;GOf; nfhy;ypahf gad;gLtJ ...................... 114. $w;W : nraw;if Kiw tifg;ghL
85. kiytho; kf;fs; czthf gad;gLj;JtJ...... ,dg;ngUf;f tifghL vd;Dk; miof;fg;gLk;
86. Kjd;Kjypy; Njhd;wpa cz;ikahd epyj; fhuzk;: nraw;if Kiw tifg;ghL cly;
jhtuq;fs; ...................... gz;Gfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lJ.
87. nlupNlh/igl;Lfs; ........... vdTk; miof;fg;gLk; .......................................................................................
88. iyf;NfhNghbak; ........... vdTk; miof;fg;gLk; 115. $w;W : jhtu cyfj;jpy; gpiuNahigl;Lfs;
89. Fjpiuthy; vd miof;fg;gLtJ ..................... ePu; epy tho;td vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
90. jpwe;jtpij jhtuq;fspd; ePiuf; flj;Jk; jpR
................. MFk;.
fhuzk;: gpiuNah/igl;Lfs; epytho;j;
jhtuq;fs; Mdhy; ,itfs; jd;tho;f;if
91. jhs; cw;gj;jpf;F gad;gLk; jhtuq;fs; .................
Row;rpia epiwT nra;a ePu; Njitg;gLfpwJ.
92. M];Jkh kw;Wk; Rthrf; NfhshWfSf;F
kUe;jhf gad;gLtJ................... 
23. nyd;Rf;Fk;> tpopntz;glyj;Jf;Fk; ,ilNa
8 capupdq;fspd; mikg;G epiyfs; epuk;gpAs;s ePukj; jputk; ....................
1. ............. vd;gJ capupdq;fspd; mikg;G kw;Wk; 24. fz;zpd; cl;gFjp KOtijAk; epiwj;Js;s
nray; myF MFk;. jputk;........... ,J fz;zpd; tbtj;ij guhkupf;Fk;
2. nry;fs; nghJthf ..................... vdg;gLfpd;wd. 25. kdpjdpd; .................... gf;f EiuaPuy; rw;W fPNo
3. Kl;ilapd; nts;isf;fUthdJ Ntfitf;Fk; ,wq;fp ,Uf;Fk;.
NghJ jplg;nghUshf khwpa ................ MFk;. 26. ruhrupahf ekJ EiuaPuypy; cs;s fhw;W
4. capupdq;fspd; fl;Lkhdf;fw;fs; ................... Ez;ziwfspd; vz;zpf;if .................
5. tpyq;Ffspd; nry;fspd; msT .......................... 27. EiuaPuy;fspDs; fhzg;gLk; fhw;W
vd;w myfhy; mstplg;gLfpwJ. Ez;ziwfspd; nkhj;jg;gug;G .......................
6. 1 kp.kP = ...................... ikf;uhd; 28. Xa;TepiyapYs;s xU kdpjd; ruhrupahf
7. nry;fspd; ruhrup msT .................. tpl;lk; tiu epkplj;jpw;F Kiw %r;R tpLfpwhd;.
NtWgLfpwJ. 29. clw;gapw;rpapd;NghJ RthrtPjk; epkplj;jpw;F
8. kdpj clypd; kpfr;rpwpa nry; ............... mjd; .............. KiwfSf;F Nkyhf ,Uf;Fk;.
msT tpl;lk; .................. 30. ............ %yk; Mf;]p[d; ,uj;jj;jpy; EiofpwJ.
9. kdpj clypd; kpf ePz;l nry; ............... mjd; 31. .......................,d; NghJ cjutpjhdk; fPo;Nehf;fp
in
msT ................. efu;fpwJ.
10. kdpj mz;lr;nry; ................... msTilaJ. 32. .......................,d; NghJ tpyhvYk;Gfs; fPoN ; ehf;fp
s.
11. gynry; tpyq;Ffspy; kpfg;ngupa nry;.................. efu;fpd;wd.
kw;Wk; mjd; msT .................. 33. ............................ vd;gJ capu;tho;tjw;fhf xU
es
12. kpfr;rpwpa ghf;Bupak; ............. mjd; msT........... tpyq;fpDila cs; #o;epiyia rPuhfg;
13. .............. nry;fs; rpwg;Gtha;e;j nry;fs;. mit guhkupj;jy; MFk;.
34. kdpjd; .................... ,uj;jtifiar; Nru;ej ; td;.
pr
clypd; ve;j nry;yhfTk; khw ,aYk;.
14. mikg;G kw;Wk; gzpiag; nghWj;J jpRf;fs; 35. ,uj;jj;jpy; ru;f;fiuapd; msT mjpfupf;Fk;
...................... tifg;gLk;. mitfs;....> .....> .....> ..... NghJ ............... cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk;.
ex
15. rpf;fyhd ve;j capupdKk; ................. mbg;gil 36. ,uj;jj;jpy; ru;f;fiuapd; msT FiwAk;NghJ
jpRf;fis kl;LNk ngw;Ws;sd. ............... cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk;.
16. kdpjf; fz;zhy; ............ epwq;fis NtWgLj;jp 37. %yf;$Wfs; mjpf nrwpTila gFjpapypUe;J
vi
ghu;f;f ,aYk;. Fiwe;j nrwpTila gFjpf;F jhdhfNt

,lg;ngau;r;rp miltJ ............... vdg;gLk;.
l
ka
38. %yf;$Wfs; ePuj ; j

; fiurypypUe;J nrwpTkpf;f
fiurYf;F miuflj;jp my;yJ Nju;T flj;J
rt;tpd; topNa ,lg;ngau;rr ; p miltJ ...............
w.
vdg;gLk;.
39. CLguty; xOq;FghL vd;w nrhy;iy
ww
mwpKfk; nra;jtu; ................... Mz;L ..............

40. Xu; capupahdJ mjd; clypd; ePur ; r
; kepiyia
xOq;FgLj;jp mjd; jd;epiy fhj;jiyg;
guhkupf;Fk; nray; ................ vdg;gLk;.
41. ATP vd;gjd; tpupT .....................
42. nry;ypd; Mw;wy; ehzak; ...................
43. fhw;Ws;s Rthrj;jpd; rkd;ghl;L tbtk; ..............
44. fhw;wpy;yh Rthrj;jpd; rkd;ghl;L tbtk; ..............
45. capupdq;fs; czitf;nfhz;L Mw;wiyAk;
17. fz;fSf;Fs; EioAk; xspia tpyfilar; nry; nghUl;fisAk; cUthf;Fk; epfo;T ............
nra;tNj .................. ,d; gzp. 46. tsu;khw;wj;jpd;NghJ FSf;Nfh]; ..........................
18. fz; ghitapd; msitf; fl;Lg;gLj;JtJ .......... Mf khWfpwJ.
19. fz;zpd; cs;Ns xspia mDg;GtJ ................ 47. rpijkhw;wj;jpd;NghJ fhu;Nghi`l;Nul; ..............
20. fz;zpd;; gpd;gFjpapy; mike;J> gpk;gq;fis Mf khw;wkilfpwJ.
cUthf;Fk; glyk; ..................... 48. rpijkhw;wj;jpd;NghJ Gujk;; ....................... Mf
21. fz;zPiur; Rue;J> fz;iz <ukhfTk; khw;wkilfpwJ.
njspthfTk; itj;Jf; nfhs;tJ .................. 49. rpijkhw;wj;jpd;NghJ FSf;Nfh];; .......................
22. fUtpopapd; ikaj;jpy; mike;j rpWJis ............. Mf khw;wkilfpwJ.
50. XNu msT FSf;Nfh]pypUe;J fhw;Ws;s 14. Rl;bapd; ............... nghj;jhd; Nfhg;Gfspy; jpUj;jk;
Rthrk; fhw;wpy;yhr; Rthrj;ijtpl .................... nra;a cjTfpwJ.
klq;F mjpf Mw;wiy ntspg;gLj;JfpwJ. 15. ................ fzpdpapd; %isg;gFjpahFk;.
51. fhw;Ws;s Rthrj;jpd;NghJ xt;nthU 16. ALU-,d; tpupthf;fk; ..................
FSf;Nfh]; %yf;$Wk; ................... %yf;$Wfis 17. epidtfj;jpd; myFfspd; VWtupir ..................
cUthf;Fk;. 18. 1 fpNyh igl; = ................... igl;
52. ,uj;jj;jpw;F rptg;G epwj;ij mspf;ff;$ba 19. 1 nkfh igl; = ................... igl;
epwkp ................... MFk; 20. jdpahs; fzpdpahdJ ........... tifapy; tUk;.
53. khu;giwiaAk; tapw;wiwiaAk; gpupf;Fk; jir 21. jdpahs; fzpdpapd; tiffs; ........> ..........> ........
...................... 22. ehk; njhl;Lg;ghu;j;J czuf;$ba fzpdpapd;
54. EiuaPuy;fisg; ghJfhf;Fk; rt;T ................ xU ghfk; .......................
55. capupdq;fs; jq;fs; tho;it epiyg;gLj;jpf; 23. Gfo;ngw;w jpl;l nkd;nghUs; .......> ...> .....> .......
nfhs;s elj;Jk; nkhj;j NtjptpidfSf;F 24. fzpdpapd; nray;ghl;il epu;tfpf;Fk;
................. vd;W ngau;. epuy;fspd; njhFg;G ...............
56. .............. vd;gJ cWjpahd> jbj;j ntz;zpw 25. fzpdpapd; cl;Gw nray;fhLfis
ciwahf mike;J fz;zpd; cs;ghfq;fis fl;Lg;gLj;JtJ ......................
in
ghJfhf;fpwJ. 26. xU Fwpg;gpl;l gad;ghL nray;gLtjw;Fj;
57. fhw;wpy;yh my;yJ Mf;]p[dw;w #oypy; Njitahd nray;ghLfisj; jUtJ ...............
s.
FSf;Nfh]; rpijtile;J ......If; nfhLf;Fk;. 27. .........> .........> .........Mfpait ntspaPlL ; fUtpahFk;.
28. fzpdpj; jpiu xU ............. fUtp.

es

9 jfty; njhopy;El;gk; Xu; mwpKfk;
TRuST Achievers
pr
(2018-2019) ntw;wpahsu;fs;
ex
GH
Thina S S
iku
Ramn lam
ad
l vi
ka
w.
R.Sakthiruban A. Arthi
1. fzpdpapd; je;ij vd miof;fg;gLgtu; ............
ww
2. Kjyhk; jiyKiw fzpdpapd; fhyfl;lk;..........

3. 2-Mk; jiyKiw fzpdpapd; fhyfl;lk;..........
4. %d;whk; jiyKiw fzpdpapd; fhyfl;lk;..........
5. ehd;fhk; jiyKiw fzpdpapd; fhyfl;lk;..........
6. Ie;jhk; jiyKiw fzpdpapd; fhyfl;lk;..........
7. Kjyhk; jiyKiw fzpdpapy;
gad;gLj;jg;gl;l Kf;fpaf; $W ...................
8. %d;whk; jiyKiw fzpdpapy;
gad;gLj;jg;gl;l Kf;fpaf; $W ................... R.Krithika H. Jerees
9. ehd;fhk; jiyKiw fzpdpapy;
10. Ie;jhk; jiyKiw fzpdpapy;
11. .............> ..............> ................ Mfpait fzpdpapd;
ghfq;fs; MFk;.
12. .............> ............. Mfpait cs;sl P L
; fUtpahFk;.
13. Rl;bapd; .................... nghj;jhd; Nfhg;Gfis njupT
nra;tjw;Fk;> jpwg;gjw;Fk; cjtp nra;fpwJ. R.Sineka R. Jeyasuriya
TRUST v£lh« tF¥ò - Ïu©lh« gUt« - m¿éaš TRUST
31. 1 fNyhup = ............... J
10 ntg;gk; 32. czTg;nghUspy; cs;s Mw;wypd; msT
1. mZf;fs; kw;Wk; %yf;$Wfs; ahTk; ............... ................ vDk; myfhy; Fwpg;gplg;gLfpwJ.
,af;fj;jpy; cs;sd. 33. 1 fpNyh fNyhup = ............... J
2. xU nghUSf;F toq;fg;gLk; ntg;g Mw;wy; 34. xU nghUspd; ntg;gepiyia 10 C my;yJ
.............. kw;Wk; ............. Mw;wiyg; mjpfupf;fpd;wJ. 1 K cau;jj ; Njitg;gLk; ntg;gMw;wypd; msT
3. ntg;g Mw;wypdhy; Vw;gLk; tpisTfs;.................. mg;nghUspd; ..............vd tiuaWf;fg;gLfpwJ.
.....................> ...................... 35. ntg;g Vw;Gj;jpwid Fwpf;Fk; vOj;J ...............
4. ,uapy; jz;lthsq;fspy; rpwpJ ,ilntsp 36. ntg;g Vw;Gj;jpwdpd; myF ..................
,Ug;gjw;fhd fhuzk; ..................... 37. ntg;g Vw;Gj;jpwdpd; SI myF .............
5. jplg;nghUs; jputkhf khWk; epfo;T ................. 38. ntg;g Vw;Gj;jpwdpd; C’ = ...........
6. jputk; thAthf khWk; epfo;T ................. 39. xU cNyhfj;jpd; ntg;gepiy 300 CMf
7. jplg;nghUs; thAthf khWk; epfo;T ................. cs;sJ. mjw;F 3000 J msTs;s ntg;g
8. thA jputkhf khWk; epfo;T ................. Mw;wy; mspf;fg;gLk;NghJ mjd; ntg;gepiy
9. jputk; jplg;nghUshf khWk; epfo;T ................. 400 C Mf cau;fpwJ. vdpy; mjd; ntg;g
10. thA jplg;nghUshf khWk; epfo;T ................. Vw;Gj;jpwd; ....................
in
11. jpz;kk;> jputk;> thA Mfpa %d;W epiy - 40. xU ,Uk;Gg; ge;jpd; ntg;gepiyia 200 CMf
fspYk; fhzg;nghUs; xNu gUg;nghUs; ........... cau;j;j 1000 J Mw;wy; Njitg;gLfpwJ.
s.
12. ntg;gg;gupkhw;wk; eilngWk; tpjq;fs; ................ mg;ge;jpd; ntg;g Vw;Gj;jpwd; ....................
.......................> ...................... 41. xU ,Uk;Gg; ge;jpd; ntg;gepiyia 1 K cau;jj ;
es
-1
13. jplg;nghUspy; ntg;gMw;wy; guTk; Kiw ......... 500 JK ntg;gk; Njitg;gLfpwJ. mjd; ntg;g
14. jputk; kw;Wk; thAg;nghUspy; ntg;g Mw;wy; epiyia 20 K cau;j;Jtjw;F Njitahd
guTk; Kiw ................... ntg;g Mw;wy; .....................
pr
15. ntw;wplj;jpy; ntg;g Mw;wy; guTk; Kiw ......... 42. 1 fpNyhfpuhk; epiwAs;s nghUs; xd;wpd; ntg;g
16. mZf;fs; kw;Wk; %yf;$Wfspd; ,af;fk; epiyia 10 C my;yJ 1 K cau;jj ; Njitg;gLk;
ex
,y;yhky; ntg;g Mw;wy; guTk; epfo;T ........... ntg;gMw;wypd; msT mg;nghUspd; ..............vd
17. ntg;gk; flj;jh nghUs;fSf;F v.fh......> ...... tiuaWf;fg;gLfpwJ.
18. ,f;Y} vd;gJ ..................... 43. jd; ntg;g Vw;Gj;jpwdpd; SI myF .............
vi
19. tspkz;lyj;jpYs;s thAf;fs; ............. Kiwapd; 44. 2 Kg epiwAs;s ePupd; ntg;gepiyia 600 C
%yNk ntg;gkilfpd;wd. ,ypUe;J 700 C Mf cau;j;j Njitg;gLk;
l
ka
20. %yf;$Wfspd; ,af;fj;jpdhy; ntg;gk; ntg;gMw;wypd; msT 84000 J vdpy;> ePupd;

flj;jg;gLk; Kiwf;F ........... vd;Wngau;. jd; ntg;g Vw;Gj;jpwdpd; kjpg;G ..................
21. epyf;fhw;W kw;Wk; fly;fhw;W Mfpa epfo;Tfs; 45. 100 fp.fp vilAs;s ghj;jpuj;jpd; ntg;g
w.
cUthff; fhuzk; ...................... Vw;Gj;jpwd; 8000 J / 00 C vdpy; mjd; jd;ntg;g

22. ntg;gf;fhw;W gY}d; .............. %yk; ntg;gk; Vw;Gj;jpwdpd; kjpg;G ...................
ww
flj;jg;gLtjhy; NkNy cau;fpwJ. 46. Xu; cNyhfj;jpd; jd;ntg;gVw;Gj;jpwdpd; kjpg;G

23. ntg;g Mw;wyhdJ xU ,lj;jpypUe;J kw;nwhU 160 J Kg-1 K-1 .; 500 fpuhk; epiwAs;s cNyhfj;jpd;
,lj;jpw;F ................ Mf guTk; Kiw ntg;gf; ntg;gepiyia 1250 C ypUe;J 3250 C Mf
fjpu;tr P ;R vd;W tiuaWf;fg;gLfpwJ. cau;jj ; j; Njitg;gLk; ntg;g Mw;wypd; kjpg;G
24. #upadplkpUe;J ntg;g Mw;wy; ................... %yk; .......................
g+kpia te;jilfpwJ. 47. nghUs; xd;wpdhy; Vw;fg;gl;l my;yJ
25. ............... nghUs;fs; ntg;gf; fjpu;tr P ;Rfis ,of;fg;gl;l ntg;gj;jpid mstpl gad;gLk;
Vw;Fk; jd;ikAilajhf cs;sd. cgfuzk; .....................
26. ................. epwkhdJ ntg;gf;fjpu;tr P ;rpid 48. gdpf;fl;b fNyhupkPl;lu; Kjd;Kjyhf
vjpnuhspf;fpd;wJ. gad;gLj;jpatu;fs; ................. Mz;L ................
27. ............... ntg;gepiyf;F xU nghUis ntg;gg; 49. xU nghUs; my;yJ ,lj;jpy; ntg;gepiyia
gLj;Jk;NghJ fjpu;tr P ;rhdJ kq;fpa rptg;G khwhky; itg;gjw;F gad;gLj;jg;gLk; rhjdk;..
epwj;jpy; njupa Muk;gpf;fpwJ. 50. nju;Nkh vd;gjd; nghUs; ................ (fpNuf;fk;)
28. Mw;wypd; SI myF ............. 51. ];lhl; vd;gjd; nghUs; ....................
29. ntg;gj;jpd; myF .............. 52. ntw;wplf;FLit Kjd;Kjypy; fz;lwpe;jtu;.....
30. 1 fpuhk; epiwAs;s ePupd; ntg;gepiyia 10 C 53. jpthu;ghl;by; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l Mz;L .............
cau;j;j Njitg;gLk; ntg;gMw;wypd; msT 54. xU nghUis ePz;lNeuk; Fspu;r;rpahfNth
........................ vd tiuaWf;fg;gLfpwJ. (m) ntg;gkhfNth itf;f cjTk; rhjdk;......
55. mjpf ntg;g Mw;wiy cl;ftUk; nghUs;.......... 14. vNghidl; jz;bid fk;gspahy; Nja;f;Fk;
56. nghUspy; Vw;gLk; ,aw;gpay; kw;Wk; Ntjpapay; NghJ> vNghidl; jz;lhdJ .............. kpd;D}l;
epfo;Tfspy; cUthFk; ntg;g Mw;wypd; -lj;ijAk;> fk;gsp .............. kpd;D}l;lj;ijAk;
kjpg;gpid fzf;fpLk; Kiw .................. ngWfpwJ.
57. xU fydpYs;s jputj;jpd; ntg;gepiyia 15. njhLjy; %yk; xU nghUspypUe;J kw;nwhU
cau;j;Jk;NghJ mZf;fSf;fpilNaahd nghUSf;F kpd;Jfs;fis ,lkhw;wk; nra;Ak;
njhiyT ....................... Kiwf;F .................... vd;W ngau;.
58. fPo;fz;l nghUs;fis ntg;gf;flj;jy; 16. ..............kpd;Ndhl;lk; cau; kpd;dOj;jj;jpypUe;J
mbg;gilapy; tupirg;gLj;Jf. Fiwe;j kpd;dOj;jj;ij Nehf;fp guTfpwJ.
ePu;> kuk;> v/F 17. nghUs; xd;wpy; kpd;Jfs;fs; ,Ug;gijf;
fz;lwpa gad;gLk; mwptpay; fUtp .....................
$w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; 18. epiykpd;fhl;bia Kjypy; tbtikj;jtu; ..........
59. $w;W : ntw;wplj;jpy; ntg;g Mw;wy; guTk; 19. KjyhtJ mwptpay; rhjdk; ...............
Kiwf;F ntg;gf;fjpu;tPr;R vd;W ngau;. 20. ............ jj;Jtj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; epiykpd;fhl;b
nray;gLfpwJ.
fhuzk;: mZf;fspd; ,af;fkpd;wp xU 21. epiykpd;fhl;b ........... vdTk; miof;fg;gl;lJ.
gFjpapypUe;J kw;nwhU gFjpf;F ntg;gk; guTk;
in
22. jq;f ,iy epiykpd;fhl;bia tbtikj;jtu;
Kiwf;F ntg;gf;fjpu;tPr;R vd;W ngau;.
..................... Mz;L ...............
.....................................................................................................................
s.
23. fk;gsj;jpy; fhy;fisj; Nja;j;Jtpl;L
60. $w;W : Xu; mikg;gpid xU epiyapypUe;J
fjtpd; ifg;gpbia njhLk;NghJ Vw;gLk;
es
kw;nwhU epiyf;F khw;w KbAk;.
kpd;djpu;r;rpf;F fhuzk; ..................... MFk;.
fhuzk;: xU mikg;gpd; ntg;gepiy khwhky; 24. Nkfq;fspy; Vw;gLk; kpd;dpwf;fj;jpw;F v.fh......
pr
,Uf;Fk;NghJ ,J epfo;fpwJ. 25. Nkfq;fspd; Nkw;gFjp .......... kpd;D}l;lKila
 Jfs;fshYk; fPog ; g
; Fjp .......... kpd;D}l;lKila
Jfs;fshYk; epiwe;jpUf;Fk;.
ex
11 kpd;dpay; 26. kpd;dypd; %yk; kpfg;ngupa mstpyhd

kpd;rhuk; kpd;dpwf;fkile;J .................... ntg;g
1. mZit mjidtpl rpwpajhf gpupf;f ,ayhJ
vi
epiyf;Fk; mjpfkhd ntg;gk; cUthfpwJ.

vdf; fUjpatu; ...................
27. xspapd; jpirNtfk; - xypapd; jpirNtfk;
2. ............... Nrhjidf;Fg;gpd; mZtpy; GNuhl;lhd;>
l
,tw;wpy; vjd; kjpg;G mjpfk;?

ka
vyf;lu; hd; kw;Wk; epA+l;uhd; Nghd;w kpd;Jfs;fs;

28. kpd;dhw;wiy mspf;Fk; xU %yk; ................
,Ug;gJ fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;lJ.
29. caukhd fl;llq;fis kpd;dy; ghjpg;Gfspy;
3. nghUs;fspYs;s ........................................... Xl;lNk
w.
,Ue;J ghJfhf;f cjTk; xU fUtp ................

kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpw;Ff; fhuzk;.
4. mZtpd; cl;fUtpDs; cs;s kpd;Jfs;fs; 30. kpd;%yk; xd;wpd; xU KidapypUe;J kw;nwhU
ww
...................> .................. Kidf;F vyf;l;uhd;fs; ghAk; ghij .................

5. cl;fUtpidr; Rw;wptUk; kpd;Jfs; .................. 31. xU vspa kpd;Rw;iw mikf;f Njitg;gLk;
6. Xu; mZtpYs;s .................k; ...............k; rkkhf $Wfs; ..............> ...............> ..............> ........
,Uf;Fk;. 32. kpd;djpu;r;rpia Vw;gLk; kPd; .................. mJ
7. kpd;Jfs;fs; ngw;Ws;s nghUs;fs; xd;iw- cUthf;Fk; kpd;rhuj;jpd; msT .............
nahd;W <u;f;Fk; my;yJ tpyf;Fk; gz;G 33. tpohf;fhyq;fspy; ..................................... mikg;gpy;
................ vdg;gLk;. kpd;tpsf;Ffis mikf;fpNwhk;.
8. Neu;kpd;D}l;lk; nfhz;lit ................... 34. ........... ,y; kpdR ; w;wpYs;s midj;Jf; $WfspYk;
9. vjpu;;kpd;D}l;lk; nfhz;lit ................... rkmstpyhd kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk;.
10. rpWk kpd;D}l;lj;jpd; kjpg;G ................. 35. .................... ,y; kpd;Rw;wpYs;s midj;J $W-
11. xU nghUspypUe;J kw;nwhU nghUSf;F fSf;fpilNa cs;s kpd;dOj;jk; rkk;.
kpd;Jfs;fs; ,lkhWk; Kiwfs; .......> .......> ..... 36. .............,y; VNjDk; xU Gs;spapy; ,izg;G
12. rPg;gpid jiyKbAld; mOj;jkhf Nja;f;Fk; jilg;gl;lhy; kpd;Rw;wpd; topNa kpd;Ndhl;lk;
NghJ rPg;ghdJ ........... kpd;D}l;lkilfpwJ. ghahJ.
13. xU fz;zhbj;jz;bid gl;Lj;Jzpahy; 37. .............,y; VNjDk; xU kpd;$W nray;glhky;
Nja;f;Fk;NghJ> fz;zhb jz;lhdJ .............. ,Ue;jhYk; kw;w kpd;$Wfs; topahf
kpd;D}l;lj;ijAk;> gl;Lj;Jzp .............. kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk;.
kpd;D}l;lj;ijAk; ngWfpwJ. 38. tPLfspy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; kpd;Rw;W .................
39. cNyhfq;fis mtw;wpd; jhJg;nghUs;fspy; 13. fpNuf;f nkhopapy; Mf;]p[d; vd;gJ ................
,Ue;J gpupj;njLj;jy; kw;Wk; J}a;ikg;gLj;jy; 14. mkpyk; jahupf;f ................. mtrpak;
,jpy; ................ Kiw gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. 15. mz;lj;jpy; gutyhf %d;whtjhf fhzg;gLk;
40. kpd;dhw;gFj;jypd; Kf;fpakhd gad; ................. jdpkk; .....................
41. xU cNyhfj;jpd; glyj;ij kw;nwhU 16. tspkz;lyj;jpy; jdpj;jepiyapy; Mf;]p[d;
cNyhfj;jpd; Nkw;gug;gpy; gbaitf;Fk; epfo;T ................ thA %yf;$whf cs;sJ.
.................... vdg;gLk;. 17. Mf;]p[dhdJ iel;u[idtpl ............. klq;F
42. ,Uk;gpd;kPJ Vw;gLk; mupkhdk; kw;Wk; JUg; - ePupy; mjpfkhff; fiuAk; jd;ikAilaJ.
gpbj;jiy jtpu;f;f mjd;kPJ ............. G+rg;gLk;
18. tspkz;lyj;jpd; Nky; mLf;Ffspy; Mf;]p[d;
43. tpiykypthd cNyhfj;jpd;kJ P ...........................
...................... vdg;gLk;.
Nkw;g+r;rhf g+rg;gLfpwJ.
44. mjpf kpd;jiliaf; nfhz;Ls;s fk;gpfs;......... 19. XNrhd; ................ %yf;$whf cs;sJ.
45. .............. kw;Wk; .............. fye;j cNyhff;fyit 20. Mf;]p[d; fhw;iwtpl .......................
-apdhy; jahupf;fg;gl;l Jz;Lf;fk;gp ....................... 21. Mf;]p[d; ..................> .................. cNyhfj;Jld;
46. kpd;Mw;wiyr; Nrkpj;J itf;Fk; rhjdk; ........... mjpf ntg;gj;jpYk; tpid GupahJ.
47. .................................... mjpf kpd;jilAk;> Fiwe;j 22. ............. vd;gJ ePNuwpa ,Uk;G Mf;irL MFk;.
23. ...........> .............> ................> ................... Mfpait
in
cUFepiyAk; nfhz;lJ.
48. kpd;dOj;jj;jpd; myF ..................... i`l;Nuhfhu;gd;fspd; fyitahFk;.
s.
49. ,uz;L nghUs;fisj; Nja;fF ; k;NghJ ................... 24. Kjd;Kjypy; fhw;wpypUe;J iel;u[id
,lkhw;wk; miltjhy; kpd;Ndw;wk; Vw;gLfpwJ. gpupj;jtu; .................... Mz;L ...................
es
50. %d;W kpd;tpsf;Ffs; xNu Rw;wpy; kpd;fyj;Jld; 25. iel;lu; vd;why; ......................
,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,e;j kpd;Rw;W................... 26. iel;u[Df;F ytha;rpau; gupe;Jiuj;j ngau;....
vdg;gLk;.
pr
27. mNrhl; vd;gjd; nghUs; .....................
$w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; 28. kdpj clypy; ehd;fhtjhf mjpfstpy;
fhzg;gLk; jdpkk; .....................
ex
51. $w;W : kpd;dypdhy; ghjpf;fg;gLk; egu;fs; 29. kdpj clypd; nkhj;j epiwapy; ............ msTf;F
fLikahd kpd;djpu;r;rpia czu;thu;fs;.
iel;u[d; cs;sJ.
fhuzk;: kpd;dy; mjpf kpd;dOj;jj;ijf;
vi
30. ekJ mz;lj;jpy; gutyhf ................. ,lj;jpy;

nfhz;bUf;Fk;. fhzg;gLk; jdpkkhf iel;u[d; cs;sJ.
.....................................................................................................................
l
31. rdpf;Nfhspd; ngupa Jizf;Nfhs; .......................

ka
52. $w;W : kpd;dypd;NghJ caukhd kuj;jpdbapy;

32. ill;ldpd; thAkz;lyj;jpy; ............. iel;u[d;
epw;gJ ey;yJ.
cs;sJ.
fhuzk;: mJ cq;fis kpd;dYf;fhd
w.
33. jdpj;j epiyapy; iel;u[d; ............ %yf;$whf

,yf;fhf khw;Wk;. cs;sJ.
ww
 34. iel;u[d; fhw;iwtpl ....................

35. fhw;wpYs;s ................ vupjiyf; fl;Lg;gLj;JfpwJ.
12 fhw;W 36. ntg;gepiykhdpfspy; cs;s ghjurk;
1. fhw;wpYs;s iel;u[dpd; msT ...................... Mtpahfhky; jLf;f ghjurj;jpw;F NkYs;s
2. fhw;wpYs;s Mf;]p[dpd; msT ...................... ntw;wplj;ij epug;g ................ gad;gLfpwJ.
3. fhw;wpYs;s Mu;fhdpd; msT ......................
4. fhw;wpYs;s fhu;gd;ilMf;i]bd; msT ............... GtpNahl;bYs;s jdpkq;fspd;
5. mkpykiof;F fhuzkhd thAf;fs; ................... rjtPj ,iaG
6. Mf;]p[idf; fz;lwpe;jtu; ................ . Mf;]p[d; ..... 46.6 %
7. neUg;Gf;fhw;W vdg;gLtJ .................
. rpypf;fhd; ..... 27.7 %
8. mj;jpahtrpakhd capu; vdg;gLtJ .................
. mYkpdpak; ..... 8.1 %
9.
10.
Mf;]p[id fz;Lgpbj;j kw;nwhUtu; ....................
jdpj;j epiyapy; tspkz;ly %yj;jpy;
. ,Uk;G ..... 5.0 %
Mf;]p[dpd; rjtPjk; msT ...................... . fhy;rpak; ..... 3.6 %
11. jdpj;j epiyapy; ePupy; Mf;]p[dpd; rjtPjk; . Nrhbak; ..... 2.8 %
msT ...................... . nghl;lhrpak; ..... 2.6 %
12. Mf;]p[d; vd> mjw;F ngaupl;ltu; ....................... . nkf;dPrpak; ..... 2.1 %
37. iel;u[d; ................. kw;Wk; ................... vd;w ,U
fpNuf;f thu;j;ijapypUe;J cUthdjhFk;. 13 mZ mikg;G
38. iel;u[d; vd;w thu;j;ijapd; nghUs; ............... 1. ,Jtiu fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l nkhj;j jdpkq;fspd;
39. fhw;wpYs;s iel;u[id iel;u[d; Nru;kq;fshf vz;zpf;if .......................
khw;Wk; Kiw .................. vdg;gLk;. 2. ............... jdpkq;fs; ,aw;ifapy; fpilf;ff;
40. iel;u[d; epiyepWj;jk; ,aw;ifapy; $bait.
eilngWk; jhtuk; ...................... 3. ,aw;ifapy; fpilf;Fk; jdpkq;fs; .........................
41. fhu;gd; il Mf;irL fhw;iwtpl .................... 4. Ma;tfq;fspy; jahupf;fg;Lk; jdpkq;fs; .............
42. fhu;gd; il Mf;irL ............ jd;ik nfhz;lJ 5. mZ nrhy; ................ vd;w fpNuf;fr; nrhy;ypy;
,Ue;J cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.
43. Rz;zhk;G ePupy; XusT fhu;gd; il Mf;iril
6. ml;lhk]; vd;gjd; nghUs; ...................
nrYj;Jk;NghJ fiuahj ............. cUthtjhy;
7. lhk]; vd;gjd; nghUs; ...................
fiury; ghy;Nghy; khWfpwJ. 8. mZitg; gw;wpa mwptpay; nfhs;ifia Kjd;
44. nts;spf;Nfhspd; tspkz;lyj;jpy; .................... Kjypy; ntspapl;ltu; ....................
fhu;gd; il Mf;irL cs;sJ. 9. lhy;ld; mZf;nfhs;if ntspapl;l Mz;L.....
45. nts;spf;Nfhspd; Nkw;gug;G ntg;gepiy............... 10. xNu jdpkj;jpd; mZf;fs; ntt;NtW mZ
in
46. #upaf;FLk;gj;jpy; kpfTk; ntg;gkhd Nfhs;..... epiwfisg; ngw;wpUe;jhy; mJ................ vdg;gLk;
47. fhw;Nww;wg;gl;l Fspu;ghdq;fs; my;yJ nkd; 11. ntt;NtW jdpkq;fspd; mZf;fs; xNu mZ
s.
ghdq;fs; jahupf;fg; gad;gLk; thA ................. epiwiag; ngw;wpUe;jhy; mJ ................ vdg;gLk;
48. jPaizg;ghd;fspy; gad;gLk; thA ................. 12. ................> ..................> ................... Mfpait fhu;gd;
es
49. fhu;gd; il Mf;irL> iel;u]; Mf;irL> mZf;fshy; Mdit.
kPjN; jd;> FNshNuh GNshNuh fhu;gd;............. MFk; 13. NfNjhL fjpu;fs; vd;git ...................
pr
50. ePupd; J}a tbtk; .................. 14. MNdhL fjpu;fs; vd;git ...................
15. ............. fjpu;fspd; gz;Gfs; kpd;dpwf;ff; Fohapy;
epug;gg;gLk; thAf;fisg; nghWj;J khWgLtJ
ex
,y;iy.
16. njhiyf;fhl;rpg; ngl;bapy; ................... fjpu;fs;
xspg;glj;ij cUthf;Ffpd;wd.
vi
17. GNuhl;lhidf; fz;Lgpbj;jtu; ....................

l
18. fz;zpw;Fg; Gyg;glhj fjpu;fs; .................................

ka
G+rg;gl;l jpiuapy; fz;zpw;Fg; Gyg;gLk;.

19. ............. fjpu;fspd; gz;Gfs; kpd;dpwf;ff; Fohapy;
51. J}a kioePupd; pH kjpg;G .............. ,Uf;Fk; thAtpd; jd;ikia rhu;eJ ; mikAk;.
w.
52. mkpy kioapd; pH kjpg;G .............. 20. GNuhl;lhd; vd;gij .................. vd miof;fyhk;
53. mkpy kioapd; pH kjpg;G Fiwaf; fhuzk;..... 21. epA+l;uhidf; fz;Lgpbj;jtu; ....................
ww
54. fl;llq;fs; kw;Wk; ghyq;fspd; mupg;gpw;Ff; 22. kpd;Rikaw;w Jfs; ...........

fhuzk; ................. 23. vyf;lu; hdpd; epiw ....................
55. iel;u[d; kw;Wk; i`l;u[idf; nfhz;L 500 24. GNuhl;lhdpd; epiw ...............
tspkz;ly mOj;jj;jpYk; 5500 C ntg;gepiy- 25. epA+l;uhdpd; epiw ....................
26. vyf;lu; hdpd; kpd;Rik ..........
apYk; nraw;if Kiwapy; mk;Nkhdpahitj;
27. GNuhl;lhdpd; kpd;Rik ..........
jahupf;Fk; Kiw ................ MFk;.
28. epA+lu; hdpd; kpd;Rik .............
56. mkpy cUthf;fp vd;gjw;fhd fpNuf;fr; nrhy;. 29. vyf;l;uhidf; fz;Lgpbj;jtu; .......................
,jpypUe;Jjhd; Mf;]p[d; vd;w nrhy; 30. mZtpd; tbtkhdJ ........................ MuKila
cUthdJ (.........................) Nfhsj;ij xj;Js;sJ.
57. rhy;Nt Kiw ............................ cw;gj;jp nra;ag; 31. jhk;rdpd; mZkhjpupahd ............... kw;Wk; .............
gad;gLfpwJ. vdTk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
58. fhu;gd; il Mf;irL ePUld; Nru;e;J ..........I 32. Xu; mZtpd; filrp vyf;lu; hd; $l;by; cs;s
................ Mf khw;WfpwJ. vyf;l;uhd;fNs ...................... vdg;gLfpd;wd.
59. cukhfg; gad;gLtJ ..................... 33. midj;J mZf;fSk; epiyj;j vyf;l;uhd;
60. cyu;gdp ................ Mfg; gad;gLfpwJ. mikg;igg; ngw jq;fsJ ,izjpwd; $l;by;
.................. my;yJ ............... vyf;luhd;fisg;

ngw;wpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
34. `Pypaj;jpd; ,izjpwd; $l;by; cs;s
vyf;lu; hd;fs; vz;zpf;if .................. mbf;Nfhblg;gl;l jdpkq;fspd;
35. epahdpd; ,izjpwd; $l;by; cs;s ,izjpwd; fhZjy;
vyf;lu; hd;fs; vz;zpf;if .................. Na Cl - 1 . .
36. epiyj;j vyf;lu; hd; mikg;ig ngw;Ws;sit...
37. Xu; mZ epiyg;Gj;jd;ikia mila me;j
C O2 - 4 . Ba (NO3)2 - 2
.
mZ Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;l my;yJ ,oe;j Al PO4 - 3 . Ca Cl2 - 2
my;yJ gfpu;ej ; vyf;lu; hd;fspd; vz;zpf;ifNa

55. Ntjpr;Nru;kq;fSf;Fg; ngaupLk;NghJ Fiwe;j
me;j mZtpd; .................... MFk;.
mstpy; Mf;]p[d; mZf;fs; ,Ue;jhy;
38. cNyhf mZf;fs; mtw;wpd; ,izjpwd;
mNyhfq;fspd; ngaUld; ............. vd;w
$l;by; ............. Kjy; ........... tiu vyf;l ; u; hd;fis
gpd;ndhl;il Nru;j;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.
ngw;Ws;sd.
56. ................ vd;gJ xU Ntjptpidia FwpaPLfs;
39. mNyhf mZf;fs; mtw;wpd; ,izjpwd;
kw;Wk; tha;ghLfs; tbtj;jpy; vLj;Jf;$Wk;
$l;by; ............. Kjy; ........... tiu vyf;l ; u; hd;fis
FwpaPl;L KiwahFk;.
ngw;Ws;sd.
57. ................. ,d; gb tpidgLnghUs;fspd; nkhj;j
40. cNyhf mZf;fs; ............................. ,izjpwd;
epiw tpidtpis nghUs;fspd; nkhj;j
in
nfhz;lit.
epiwf;Fr; rkkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
41. mNyhf mZf;fs; ............................. ,izjpwd;
s.
58. Ntjpr;rkd;ghl;bid vOJk;NghJ tpidtpis
nfhz;lit.
nghUs; thAthf ,Ue;jhy;........Fwpapl Ntz;Lk;
42. FNshupd; .......... ,izjpwidf; nfhz;ljhFk;.
es
59. Ntjpr;rkd;ghl;bid vOJk;NghJ tpidtpis
43. mZf;fspd; ,izjpwdhdJ ................> ...............
nghUs; tPog;gbthf ,Ue;jhy; .............. Fwpapl
....................... Mfpa mZf;fspd; ,izjpwidg;
Ntz;Lk;.
pr
nghWj;Jf; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ. 60. ..............> ................> ..................> ..................... Mfpait
44. FNshupdpd; ,izjpwd; .................. Ntjpr;Nru;f;if tpjpfshFk;.
45. Mf;rp[dpd; ,izjpwd; ..................
ex
61. nghUz;ik mopah tpjpiaf; $wpatu; ...............

46. iel;u[dpd; ,izjpwd; ..................
47. fhu;gdpd; ,izjpwd; .................. ytha;rpau;
g;nus];l;
vi
48. nkf;dr P paj;jpd; ,izjpwd; ..................

49. Fiwe;j ,izjpwd; nfhz;l cNyhfr; Nru;kj;-
l
jpw;F ngaupLk;NghJ cNyhfj;jpd; ngaUld;

ka
............... vd;w gpd;ndhl;ilr; Nru;f;f Ntz;Lk;.

50. mjpf ,izjpwd; nfhz;l cNyhfr; Nru;kj;-
w.
jpw;F ngaupLk;NghJ cNyhfj;jpd; ngaUld;

............... vd;w gpd;ndhl;ilr; Nru;f;f Ntz;Lk;. 62. xU Ntjptpidapd; %yk; Mw;wiy Mf;fNth
ww
51. Neu;kpd;Rik my;yJ vjpu;kpd;Rik ngw;w mopf;fNth KbahJ. ,J .............. tpjp

mZf;fNs ................ vdg;gLfpd;wd. 63. khwh tpfpj tpjpiaf; $wpatu; ...............
52. Nrhbak; xU ...................... 64. i`l;u[d; kw;Wk; Mf;rp[dpd; epiw vg;NghJk;
53. FNshupd; xU ......................... .................. vd;w tpfpjj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;.
54. Ntjpr;Nru;kq;fSf;Fg; ngaupLk;NghJ mjpf 65. vyf;l;uhid toq;Fk; Kid ....................
mstpy; Mf;]p[d; mZf;fs; ,Ue;jhy; 66. vyf;l;uhid Vw;Fk; Kid ....................
mNyhfq;fspd; ngaUld; ............. vd;w 67. ePu;kf; fiurypy; fiuahky; mbapy;
gpd;ndhl;il Nru;j;J vOj Ntz;Lk;. jq;fpapUf;Fk; jplg;nghUs; .................
Ntjpr;Nru;kq;fspd; ngau; 68. fhu;gd; il Mf;irL vk;Kiwapy; jahupf;fg;
gl;lhYk; mjpy; fhu;gd; kw;Wk; Mf;rp[dpd;
. SO3 ... ry;gu; l;iu Mf;irL epiw tpfpjk; khwhjpUg;gJ ............ tpjpia
. Na2SO3 ... Nrhbak; ry;Ngl; ep&gpf;fpwJ.
. CaCl2 ... fhy;rpak; FNshiuL 69. mYkpdpak; ry;Ngl;bd; Ntjptha;gg ; hL ................
. Na NO3 ... Nrhbak; iel;Nul;
70. Ngupak; FNshiubd; Ntjptha;g;ghL ................
71. rpy;tu; iel;Nul;bd; Ntjptha;g;ghL ................
. BaO ... Ngupak; Mf;irL 72. nkf;dr P pak; Mf;i]bd; Ntjptha;gg ; hL ................
. PCl5 ... gh];gu]; ngd;lh FNshiuL

31. rpNdhtpay; %l;Lfs; ......... vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;
14 ,af;fk; 32. %l;Lfspy; .............. mkpyg; gbfq;fs; gbtjhy;
1. jd;dpr;iraw;w ,af;fj;jpw;F v.fh. ................ %l;LtPf;fk; Vw;gLfpwJ.
2. clypd; xd;W mjw;F Nkw;gl;l gFjpfspy; 33. vYk;GfSld; vYk;ig ,izg;gJ .................
,lk; my;yJ epiyia khw;Wk; nray; ............ 34. ............... %l;Lfspy; cs;s FUj;njYk;GfSf;F
vdg;gLk;. ,ilapyhd cuha;itf; Fiwf;fpwJ.
3. kz;GOtpd; jirfSld; ,izf;fg;gl;l .......... 35. vYk;G kz;lyk; ...............> .............> ...........> ..............
vdg;gLk; Vuhskhd ePl;rpfs; cs;sd. Nghd;wtw;why; MdJ.
4. fug;ghd; G+rr ; papy; ............ N[hb ,ize;j fhy;fs; 36. ............,y; ,uj;j rptg;gZf;fs; cUthfpd;wd.
cs;sd. 37. vYk;Gld; jiria ,izf;Fk; jpRf;fspd;
5. fug;ghd;G+r;rpapy; cly; ............... vdg;gLk; xsp ,io ehz;fs; .............. vdg;gLk;.
ghJfhg;G nghUshy; %lg;gl;Ls;sJ. 38. vYk;Gld; vYk;ig ,izf;Fk; jpRf;fspd;
6. rWf;F ,af;fk; nra;Ak; Xu; capupdk; .............. ,io ehz;fs; .............. vdg;gLk;.
7. ghk;Gfs; efu;tjw;F cjTtd ..........> ................. 39. kdpj vYk;Gf;$l;bd; kpf ePskhd kw;Wk;
8. kPd;fs; ePe;Jk;NghJ mjw;F jpiria khw;w typikahd vYk;G .......................
cjTtJ .................. 40. kdpj vYk;Gf;$l;bd; kpfr;rpwpa kw;Wk; Nyrhd
in
9. rpWj;ij kzpf;F ............ Ntfj;jpy; Xlf;$baJ. vYk;G .......................
10. 6 fhy;fspy; elf;Fk; tpyq;FfSs; .................... 41. ......................... vd;git Mjhukspf;Fk; kw;Wk;
s.
Ntfkhf Xlf;$baJ. ,izf;Fk; jirfshFk;.
11. fug;ghd;g+r;rp 1 kPl;lu; J}uj;ij fpl;ljl;l 42. FUj;njYk;Gf; fhzg;gLk; ,lq;fs; ...........> .........
es
............. tpdhbapy; flf;Fk;. 43. kz;il XL> tpyh vYk;Gfs;> Njhs;gl;il
12. kpf tpiuthf ePe;Jk; ghY}l;b ................ kw;Wk; ,Lg;Gfspy; fhzg;gLk; vYk;Gfs; ..........
pr
13. lhy;gpd; xU kzpNeuj;jpy; ........... tiu ePeJ ; k;. 44. fPoj ; hil> mz;zk; ,tw;wpYs;s vYk;Gfs;..........
14. ,uz;L jdpj;jdp vYk;Gfs; re;jpf;Fk; ,lk;..... 45. kz;il Xl;by; ............ vYk;Gfs; cs;sd.
15. mirah %l;Lfs; cs;s ,lk; ...................
ex
46. kz;il Xl;by; 8 vYk;Gfs; ,iztjhy;............

16. ................. ,ilapy; cs;s %l;L> rw;W efuf;$ba cUthfpwJ.
%l;bw;F vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;. 47. ............................ vYk;Gfs; ,ize;J Kfj;jpid
vi
17. mirAk; %l;Lfspd; vz;zpf;if ................. cUthf;Ffpd;wd.

18. ge;Jfpz;z %l;L cs;s ,lq;fs; ........> ........... 48. mirAk; %l;L nfhz;l xNu vYk;G ...................
l
19. ge;Jfpz;z %l;Lfspy; .................. jpirfspy; 49. Ks;nsYk;Gfs; ......................My; ,izf;fg;gl;L

ka
,af;fk; eilngWk;. cs;sd.

20. Koq;fhy;> Koq;if> fZf;fhy; ,tw;wpy; 50. jz;Ltlj;ij ghJfhg;gJ .................
w.
fhzg;gLk; %l;L ....................

21. ............. %l;Lfs; tisf;fTk;> Neuhf;fTk; kl;LNk
Ks;nsYk;Gj;
ww
mDkjpf;fpd;wd.
22. ....... tif %l;L mjd; ePskhf mr;ir kl;LNk njhlupy; cs;s
gw;wpr; Roy mDkjpf;fpwJ. vYk;Gfs;
23. Kz;lidah %l;L fhzg;gLk; ,lq;fs; ............
fOj;J vYk;Gfs; - 7
24. ekJ clypy; ,uz;lhtJ kpfg;ngupa
mstpyhd ,af;fk; .............. tif %l;Lfspy; khu;G vYk;Gfs; - 12
epfo;fpwJ. ,Lg;G vYk;Gfs; - 5
25. Ks;nsYk;Gfspy; cs;s %l;L tif ............... thy; vYk;Gfs; - 3
26. Nrz%l;L fhzg;gLk; ,lq;fs; ............> ...........
27. %l;Lfspd; nray;ghl;by; Kf;fpa gq;F
tfpg;git ................. tpyh vYk;Gfs;
28. .................. jputk; ,y;yhjjhy; %l;Lfspd; mow;rp nka;tpyh vYk;Gfs;
Vw;gLfpwJ. 1-7
29. FUj;njYk;ghy; ,izf;fg;gl;l jputk; epuk;gpa ngha;tpyh vYk;Gfs;
Fopfis cila ,uz;L vYk;GfSf;fpilNa
8 - 12
,izg;ig Vw;gLj;Jk; %l;LfNs ................. MFk;.
kpjf;Fk; tpyhvYk;Gfs;
30. vYk;GfSf;fpilNa fhzg;gLk; kpfTk;
11 - 12
nefpo;thd %l;L .............. MFk;.
51. ................ N[hb tpyh vYk;Gfs; cs;sd.
52. .................... tpyh vYk;Gfs; khu;gf vYk;Gld; 15 tsupsk; gUtkiljy;
Neubahf ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. 1. .................. tajpw;F ,ilg;gl;l fhyk; tsupsk;
53. .......... tpyh vYk;Gfs; jdpj;Jf; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. gUtk; vdg;gLk;. (Bd; V[;)
54. kdpj vYk;Gf; $l;bd; ,U gpupT ..........> ............. 2. tsupsk; gUtk; vd;w nrhy;yhdJ ....................
55. Njhs;gl;il tisak; ................ vd;Wk; ,Lg;G vd;w ,yj;jPd; nrhy;ypypUe;J te;jjhFk;.
vYk;G ............... vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ. 3. mNlhyru; vd;gjd; nghUs; .....................
nghUj;Jf: 4. capupdq;fs; ghypd Kjpu;r;rpailAk; fhyk;
56. Nky;if - Muk; kw;Wk; my;dh ........................ vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
57. Kd;if - nkl;lh fhu;gy; 5. ngz;fs; gUtkiljYf;fhd ruhrup taJ.........
58. kzpf;fl;L - `Pku];
59. cs;sq;if - /ghyhq;f;fs;
60. tpuy;fs; - fhu;gy;
nghUj;Jf:
61. bgpah - fhy; vYk;G
62. /gpGyh - tpuy; vYk;G
in
63. lhu;ry; - Kd;ghj vYk;G
64. nkl;lhlhu;ry; - fhy; Ks;nsYk;G
s.
65. /ghyhq;f;fs; - fZf;fhy; vYk;G
es
66. jpRf;fspd; fw;iw ............... MFk;.
67. jirfspd; ,UKidfs; ...............> .................
pr
6. Mz;fs; gUtkiljYf;fhd ruhrup taJ.........
ex
7. gUtkiljypy; ............ Kf;fpa gq;F tfpf;fpwJ.

8. Mz;fspd; ghy; Rug;gp ..................
9. ngz;fspd; ghy; Rug;gp ..................
vi
10. tsupsk; gUtj;jpy; Mz;fspd; cauk;

ruhrupahf .................. mjpfupf;fpd;wJ.
l
ka
11. tsupsk; gUtj;jpy; ngz;fspd; cauk;

ruhrupahf .................. mjpfupf;fpd;wJ.
12. tsupsk; gUtj;jpy; Mz;fspd; vil ruhrupahf
w.
.................. mjpfupf;fpd;wJ.
68. jirapd; efUk; KidahdJ ePzL ; > vYk;Gld; 13. tsupsk;gUtj;jpy; ngz;fspd; vil ruhrupahf
ww
,izf;fg;gl;l ................ vdg;gLk;. .................. mjpfupf;fpd;wJ.

69. ..................... RUq;fp if Neuhf;FfpwJ. 14. Mz;fspd; Kjy;epiy ghy; cWg;G ....................
70. ifia klf;Fk;NghJ .................. RUq;FfpwJ. 15. ngz;fspd; Kjy;epiy ghy; cWg;G ....................
71. ........... jirfs; fz;zpd; ghitia mfykhf;Fk; 16. ...............> .............. Mfpait Mz; ,dg;ngUf;f
72. ........... jirfs; fz;zpd; ghitia rpwpajhf;Fk;. `hu;Nkhd;fs; MFk;.
73. xw;iw ikaf;fU nfhz;Ls;s jir ................... 17. ...............> .............. Mfpait ngz; ,dg;ngUf;f
74. kdpjd; Gd;diff;f ............. jirfs; Njit. `hu;Nkhd;fs; MFk;.
75. kdpjd; Nfhgg;gl ............. jirfs; Njit. 18. Mz;fspd; Fuy; xypg;ngl;lfkhdJ .................
76. mjpfkhf Ntiynra;Ak; jirfs; fhzg;gLk; vdg;gLfpwJ.
cWg;G .................. 19. Mz;fspd; ,uz;lhk;epiyg; ghy;gz;gpy; ...............
77. Nkw;ifapd; Kd;gFjpapYs;s ,Ujiyjir tpuptilfpd;wJ.
.................. MFk;. 20. ngz;fspd; ,uz;lhk;epiyg; ghy;gz;gpy; ...............
78. Nkw;ifapd; gpd;gFjpapYs;s Kj;jiyjir tpuptilfpd;wJ.
.................. MFk;. 21. ,dg;ngUf;f cWg;Gfshy; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;
79. ,jaj;jpd; Rtu;fspy; fhzg;gLk; gLk; `hu;Nkhd;fs; ..............My; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;
jd;dpr;irahd jir .................. gLfpd;wd.
80. iffis Njhs;gl;ilAld; ,izf;Fk; gFjp.... 22. ,dg;ngUf;fk; kw;Wk; ,dg;ngUf;f elj;ijfs;
 ,tw;iwf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; `hu;Nkhd;fs;......> .......
23. LH vd;gJ ..................
24. FSH vd;gJ .................
16 fzpdp tiufiy
25. ..............,d; J}z;Ljyhy; Mz; ,dg;ngUf;f 1. ................. vd;gJ Foe;ijfSf;fhf tbtikf;fg;
`hu;Nkhdhd Mz;l;Nuh[d; cw;gj;jpahfpwJ. gl;l ,ytr Xtpag; gapw;rp nraypahFk;.
26. ..............,d; J}z;Ljyhy; ngz; ,dg;ngUf;f 2. ............... vd;gJ tiuaTk; jpUj;jq;fs; nra;aTk;
`hu;Nkhdhd <];l;Nuh[d; cw;gj;jpahfpwJ. gad;gLk;.
27. ............... vd;gJ xd;Wf;nfhd;W njhlu;Gila 3. Tux Paint gad;ghL ....................
gy ];Buha;L `hu;Nkhd;fspd; njhFg;ghFk;. 4. Tux Math nkd;nghUspd; gad;ghL ....................
28. ghY}l;Lk;NghJ ghiy cw;gj;jp nra;tJ ............ 5. Tux Math - ,y; ];Ng]; Nfll; (Space Cadet)
,d; gzpahFk;. tpisahl;bd; gad;ghL ...................
29. ............... `hu;Nkhd; khu;gfq;fspy; ,Ue;J ghy; 6. Tux Math - ,y; ];nfsl; (Scout) tpisahl;bd;
ntspNaWjYf;Ff; fhuzkhfpwJ. gad;ghL ...................
30. Foe;ijg; gpwg;gpd;NghJ> jirfis RUq;fr; 7. Tux Math - ,y; NuQ;ru; (Ranger) tpisahl;bd;
nra;J Foe;ijg; gpwg;ig vspjhf;FtJ ........... gad;ghL ...................
31. gUtkiljypd; Kjd;Kjypy; Njhd;Wk; 8. Tux Math - ,y; V]; (Ace) tpisahl;bd;
khjtplha; Row;rp ................ vdg;gLfpwJ. gad;ghL ...................
in
32. mLj;j mz;lr;Row;rp njhlq;Ftjw;F Rkhu; 9. .........I gad;gLj;jp vOj;jpid jl;lr;Rnra;ayhk;.
...........ehl;fSf;F Kd;G mz;l tpLtpg;G Vw;gLk;. 10. tiue;jtw;iw Nrkpf;fg; gad;gLk; FWf;Ftop
s.
33. M];bNahNghNuhrp]; vd;gJ ................. tpir ............... (Save)
34. M];bNahNghNuhrpi] jLf;f ................ I mjpf 11. Gjpa xtpa gf;fj;jpw;F nry;y gad;gLk;
es
mstpy; vLj;Jf;nfhs;tJ mtrpak;. FWf;Ftop tpir ............... (New)
35. ijuha;L Rug;gp njhlu;ghd Neha;fisj; jLf;f 12. Vw;nfdNt tiue;j Xtpaj;jpid jpwf;f
cjTtJ ..................... gad;gLk; FWf;Ftop tpir ............... (Open)
pr
36. ,uj;jj;ij cUthf;Ftjpy; ........ Kf;fpa gq;F 13. tiue;j Xtpaj;ij mr;R vLf;f gad;gLk;
tfpf;fpwJ. FWf;Ftop tpir ............... (Print)
ex
37. ,Uk;Gr;rj;J Fiwghl;by; ......... Vw;gLfpd;wJ. 14. Tux Paint -I %lg; gad;gLk; FWf;Ftop tpir
38. ehskpy;yh Rug;gpfshy; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk; ............... (Quit)
Ntjpg;nghUs;fs; ................. vdg;gLk;. 15. Kd;du; nra;j nraiy ePf;f gad;gLk;
vi
39. khjtplhapd; NghJ GNuhn[];buhdpd; msT FWf;Ftop tpir ............... (Undo)

.................... 16. ePf;fk; nra;j xU nraiy kPz;Lk; epfor;
l
ka
40. ngz;fspd; khjtpilT fhyk; ................... nra;a gad;gLk; FWf;Ftoptpir............(Redo)

 
w.
TRuST Achievers (2017-2018) ntw;wpahsu;fs;

ww
M.Najeebha M.Barkath Naseem B. Abitha R.Logeshwari N. Leela R.Kantharokini
R.Jameem P.Padmapriya A.Nawfiya J.Sasikala Z.Nasrul R.Mathankumar

Ahamed
..TRUST Exam Guide for IX Std Students.. 20 .. Prepared by : G.PRAKASH, GHSS, Tkm ..
TRUST v£lh« tF¥ò - _‹wh« gUt« - m¿éaš TRUST
17 xyp 34. tpz;ntsp tPuu;fs; xUtUf;nfhUtu; njhlu;G

nfhs;Sk; Kiwapy; ............miyfs; ..................
miyfshf khw;wg;gLfpd;wd.
35. FWf;fiyapy; Jfs;fs; mjpu;TWk; jpirahdJ
miy gutypd; jpirf;F ..............Mf ,Uf;Fk;.
36. FWf;fiyfs; ............. ,y; cUthfhJ.
1. xU nghUs; mjpu;Tf;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;lhy;.......... 37. nel;liyapy; Jfs;fs; mjpu;TWk; jpirahdJ
cUthfpwJ. miy gutypd; jpirf;F ..............Mf ,Uf;Fk;.
2. xU nghUspd; Kd;Dk; gpd;Dk; ,af;fk; ........... 38. nel;liyf;F cjhuzk; ...................
vdg;gLk;. 39. G+fk;gj;jpd;NghJ cUthFk; miyfs; ................
3. xyp ...............,y; guthJ. 40. epy mjpu;T miyfspd; Ma;itf; ifahSk;
4. xyp gut ................ Njit. mwptpaypd; fpis ....................
5. xypapd; Ntfk; ............... nghUspy; mjpfk;. 41. ................ vd;gJ Jfs;fs; eLg;Gs;spapypUe;J
6. xypapd; Ntfk; ............... nghUspy; FiwT. rPuhf mjpu;TWtjhy; cUthFk; miy MFk;.
7. xypg;gjpT rhjdj;ij fz;lwpe;jtu; ....................... 42. xypapd; cug;G mjd; ..................Ig; nghWj;jJ.
8. ..................... vd;gJ xU nehbapy; xyp gazpf;Fk; 43. xypapd; cujj;jypd; myF ................ MFk;.
in
J}uk;. 44. .............. vd;gJ ikag;Gs;spapy; ,Ue;J Jfspd;
9. xypapd; Ntfk; v = ..................... mjpfgl;r ,lg;ngau;r;rp MFk;.
s.
10. v = n  - ,q;F n vd;gJ ................. 45. tPr;rpd; myF ....................
11. v = n  - ,q;F  vd;gJ ................. 46. xU jl;ilahd xyp kw;Wk; nkd;ikahd
es
12. xU nehbapy; Vw;gLk; mjpu;Tfspd; vz;zpf;if xypia NtWgLj;jp mwpa cjTtJ ................
..................... vdg;gLfpwJ. 47. .............................. mjpfkhf ,Uf;Fk;NghJ RUjp
13. mjpu;ntz;zpd; myF ..................
pr
mjpfkhf ,Uf;Fk;.
14. xU xyp 50 nù;l;]; mjpu;ntz; kw;Wk; 10kP 48. xNu RUjp kw;Wk; tPr;R nfhz;l ,uz;;L
miyePsk; nfhz;lJ vdpy; mjd; xypapd; xypfis NtWgLj;jp mwpa cjTtJ ................
ex
Ntfk; ................... 49. xypia mjpu;ntz;zpd; mbg;gilapy; .............

15. xU xyp miy 8 tpdhbfspy; 2000kP tifahf gpupf;fyhk;.
gazpf;fpwJ. vdpy; xypapd; Ntfk; .............. 50. xypapd; tiffs; ................> .................> ..................
vi
16. xU xyp 5 Hz mjpu;ntz; kw;Wk; 25 ms-1 51. 20 Hz Kjy; 20000 Hz tiuapyhd mjpu;ntz;
Ntfj;ijf; nfhz;Ls;sJ vdpy; xypapd; nfhz;l xyp ........... (m) ............. vdg;gLfpwJ.
l
ka
miyePsk; ................... 52. kdpju;fshy; kl;LNk Nfl;ff;$ba xyp .............

17. xU xyp 500 Hz mjpu;ntz; kw;Wk; 200 ms-1 53. 20 Hz -f;F Fiwthd mjpu;ntz; nfhz;l xyp
Ntfj;ijf; nfhz;Ls;sJ vdpy; xypapd; .................. (m) .............. vdg;gLfpwJ.
w.
miyePsk; ................... 54. g+kp fz;fhzpg;G mikg;gpy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;

18. 25 ms-1 kw;Wk; 12.5 m miyePsk; nfhz;l xypapd; tif ..................
ww
,ae;jputpay; miyapd; mjpu;ntz; ............... 55. kdpj ,jaj;jpd; nray;ghLfs; Fwpj;j Ma;tpy;
19. ve;j xU Clfj;jpYk; ntg;gepiy mjpfupf;Fk; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; xypapd; tif ..................
NghJ xypapd; Ntfk; .................... 56. ...................f;;Fk; mjpfkhd mjpu;ntz; nfhz;l
20. fhw;wpy; xypapd; Ntfk; 00 C ,y; ................. xyp kPnahyp vdg;gLfpwJ.
21. fhw;wpy; xypapd; Ntfk; 220 C ,y; ................. 57. ................. Nghd;w kUj;Jt gad;ghLfspy; kPNahyp
22. 250 C ,y; mYkpdpaj;jpy; xypapd; Ntfk; ........... tpupthfg; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.
23. 250 C ,y; JUg;gpbf;fh v/fpy; xypapd; Ntfk;....... 58. flypd; Moj;ijf; fz;lwpaTk;> ePu;%o;fpf;
24. 250 C ,y; ,Uk;gpy; xypapd; Ntfk; ........... fg;gy;fspd; ,Ug;gplj;ijf; fz;lwpaTk;
25. 250 C ,y; fly;ePupy; xypapd; Ntfk; ........... gad;gLk; xyp tif ...................
26. 250 C ,y; fha;r;rp tbfl;ba ePupy; xypapd; 59. kPnahypapd; Kf;fpakhd gad;ghL .......................
Ntfk; ............................ 60. eha;fSf;F Gyhdha;T gapw;rpaspf;f
27. 250 C ,y; i`l;u[dpy; xypapd; Ntfk; ........... gad;gLtJ .....................
28. 250 C ,y; Mf;]p[dpy; xypapd; Ntfk; ........... 61. .................... 20000 nù;li]tpl mjpf mjpun ; tz;
29. fhw;wpy; cs;s ePupd; msT ............... vdg;gLfpwJ. cila xypfis Nfl;f KbAk;.
30. <ug;gjk; mjpfupf;Fk;NghJ xypapd; Ntfk;............. 62. nghUs;fspy; rPuhd mjpu;Tfshy; .............................
31. <ug;gjk; mjpfupfF ; k;NghJ fhw;wpd; mlu;jj
; p............. cUthf;fg;gLfpwJ.
32. xyp ................ tbtj;jpy; gazpf;Fk;. 63. n\`;dha;> rhf;]Nghd; Mfpait ........................
33. ,ae;jpu miy ............> .............. vd ,Utif. fUtpfshFk;.
64. `hu;Nkhdpak;> tha;,irf;fUtp Mfpait ..........
fUtpfshFk;. 18 fhe;jtpay;
65. fk;gpf;fUtpfSf;F vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfs; .....> ...........
66. gy mjpu;ntz;fis nfhz;l fk;gpf;fUtp .........
67. fk;gpf; fUtpfs; nfhz;Ls;s mjpu;ntz;fs;
....................... vd;W miof;fg;gLfpd;wd.
68. Fuy;tisapy; .................. vdg;gLk; ,uz;L jir
ehu;fs; cs;sd.
69. kdpjd; fhJfspd; ntspg;Gw kw;Wk; Gyg;gLk;
gFjp .................. vd;W miof;fg;gLfpd;wd.
70. Rw;Wg;Gwj;jpy; ,Ue;J xypia Nrfupf;Fk;gb
.................... rpwg;ghf tbtikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
71. xOq;fw;w kw;Wk; fhy xOq;fw;w mjpu;Tfshy; 1. fhe;jq;fs; fz;nlLf;fg;gl;l gFjp .....................
.................. cUthfpwJ. 2. ............. fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l gpd;du; cyfk; Gjpa
72. xyp khRghl;bd; Kf;fpa Mjhuk; ............... jpir Nehf;fp Kd;NdwpaJ.
73. etPd ehfuPfj;jpd; tpisT .................. 3. ............... xUNghJk; fhe;jj;jd;ikia ,of;fhJ.
in
74. xyp khRghl;il fl;Lg;gLj;j njhopw;rhiyfis 4. ,Uk;gpd; jhJ ...................
Rw;wp .................... mikf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. 5. typikahd ,aw;iff; fhe;jk; vd miof;fg;
s.
75. xU nel;liyapy; Njhd;WtJ ................ kw;Wk; gLtJ .....................
..................... 6. ,aw;iff; fhe;jq;fSf;F v.fh. .........> .......> ......
es
76. xU FWf;fiyapy; Njhd;WtJ ................ kw;Wk; 7. ,Uk;Gj; jhJf;fspd; tifs; ...........> .........> ..........
..................... 8. N`kill;by; cs;s ,Uk;gp;d; msT .................
77. xU Jfs; xU KO mjpu;Tf;F vLj;Jf; 9. Nkf;dill;by; cs;s ,Uk;gp;d; msT .................
pr
nfhs;Sk; fhyk; ................ vdg;gLfpwJ. 10. rpliul;by; cs;s ,Uk;gp;d; msT .................
78. xypapd; gpujpgypg;G ........... vdg;gLfpwJ. 11. Nkf;dill;bd; Ntjpapay; tha;ghL .................
ex
79. xU nghUspd; topahf xyp vt;tsT Ntfkhf 12. nraw;iff; fhe;jq;fis cUthf;fg; gad;gLk;
guTfpwJ vd;gijf; Fwpg;gJ ............... cNyhff; fyitfs; ...............> ..................
80. jdp Crypd; mjpu;Tfs; ........................... vd;Wk; 13. khw;w ,ayhj> ed;F jplkhd typik nfhz;l
vi
miof;fg;gLk;. fhe;jq;fs; ................... MFk;.

81. cq;fshy; Nfl;fKbahj cau; mjpu;ntz; 14. md;whl tho;tpy; ngUkstpy; gad;glf;$ba
l
ka
xypfs; ........................... vd miof;fg;gLfpd;wd. fhe;jq;fs; ................... MFk;.

82. mjpu;TWk; fk;gpfspd; jbkd; mjpfupj;jhy; 15. fhe;jtpay; cUthf mbj;jskpl;ltu; ...............
mjd; RUjp .................... 16. ................ vd;gtu; g+kp kpfg;ngupa fhe;jk; vd;W
w.
83. Jg;ghf;fpahy; Rlg;gl;L 2 tpdhbf;Fg; gpwF typAWj;jpdhu;

ePq;fs; Jg;ghf;fpr; #l;ilf; Nfl;lhy; ePq;fs; 17. tpy;ypak; fpy;gu;l; fhe;jf;fy; Fwpj;j jdJ
ww
Jg;ghf;fpapypUe;J vt;tsT njhiytpy; fz;Lgpbg;Gfis ................. E}ypy; ntspapl;lhu;

,Uf;fpwPu;fs;? 18. fhe;jj;jpd; ftUk; gz;G mjd; ........... gFjpfspy;
84. cug;ig Vw;gLj;JtJ ....................... mjpfstpy; ,Uf;Fk;.
85. xyp miyapd; tPr;R kw;Wk; mjpu;ntz; 19. fhe;jj;jpd; Xupd Kidfs; xd;iwnahd;W.......
mjpfupj;jhy; ................ epfOk;. 20. fhe;jj;jpd; Ntwppd Kidfs; xd;iwnahd;W.......
21. fhe;jkhdJ vg;NghJk; Gtpapd; ............ jpir
$w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; Nehf;fp epw;Fk;
22. ................... vd;gJ fhe;jj;jpidr; Rw;wp fhe;j
86. $w;W : kpd;dy; jhf;Fk;NghJ kpd;diy ghu;jj ; tpisT my;yJ fhe;jtpir czUk; gFjp.
rpwpJNeuk; fopj;J xyp Nfl;fg;gLfpwJ. 23. fhe;jg;Gyj;ij msf;Fk; myF ................
fhuzk;: xypapd; Ntfj;ijtpl xspapd; Ntfk; 24. xU nl];yh = ................. fh];
mjpfk;. 25. fhe;jg;nghUs;fspd; tiffs; ...........> ......... ........
.................................................................................................................... 26. rPuhd fhe;jg;Gyj;jpy; njhq;ftplg;gLk;NghJ
87. $w;W : re;jpudpd; Nkw;gug;gpy; ,uz;L egu;fs; ................. fhe;jg;Gyj;jpw;F nrq;Fj;jhf jq;fis
xUtUf;nfhUtu; Ngr KbahJ. rPuikj;J te;Jepw;Fk;.
27. rPuhd fhe;jg;Gyj;jpy; njhq;ftplg;gLk;NghJ
fhuzk;: re;jpudpy; tspkz;lyk; ,y;iy. ................. fhe;jg;Gyj;jpw;F ,izahf jq;fis
rPuikj;J te;Jepw;Fk;.

28. ......................... fhe;jg;Gyj;jpw;F vjpuhd jpirapy; 58. goq;fhyj;jpy; flypy; gazk; nra;NthUf;F
fhe;jkhFk;. jpirapid mwptjw;fhd...................... Mf fhe;jk;
29. ntg;gj;jpdhy; .................. nghUs;fspd; fhe;jg; cjtp ,Uf;fpwJ.
gz;Gfs; khw;wkiltjpy;iy. 59. MRI-,d; tpupthf;fk; ...................
30. lah fhe;jg;nghUs;fSf;F v.fh ............................... 60. fhe;jkhdJ fPNo tpOe;J ehd;F Jz;Lfshf
31. fhe;jg;Gyj;jpy; jpirapy; fhe;jkhtJ ................... ,Ue;jhy; mjpy; .................. fhe;jj; JUtq;fs;
32. ghuh fhe;jg;nghUs;fSf;F v.fh ............................... fhzg;gLk;.
33. /ngu;Nuh fhe;jg;nghUs;fSf;F v.fh .................... 61. xU rl;lf;fhe;jj;jpd; njd;KidAk;> U tbt
34. /ngu;Nuh fhe;jg;nghUis ntg;gg;gLj;Jk;NghJ fhe;jj;jpd; tlKidAk; ......................
.................... Mf khw;wkilAk;. 62. fw;gidahf Gtpfhe;jg;Gy tbtj;jpid xj;j
35. ve;j xU ntg;gepiyapy; /ngu;Nuh fhe;jg; Njhw;wKilaJ ......................
nghUs; ghuh fhe;jg;nghUshf khw;wkilfpwNjh 63. xU fhe;jk; ................ Kidfisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
me;j ntg;gepiy ............ vdg;gLfpd;wJ. 64. kpd;rhu cw;gj;jpf;fhd fhe;jq;fs; ........................
36. ............................ ,ypUe;J jw;fhypff; fhe;jq;fs; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
jahupf;fg;gLfpd;wd. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk;
37. kpd;rhukzp> RikJ}f;fp Mfpatw;wpy; ...................
in
gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. 65. $w;W : ,Uk;G JUty;fspd; nrwpT JUtg;
38. jw;fhypff; fhe;jq;fs; ..................... cjtpAld; gFjpapy; mjpfk;.
s.
jahupf;fg;gLfpd;wd. fhuzk;: fhe;jq;fs; kpfTk; $u;ikahdit.
39. Gwf;fhe;jg;Gyk; ,y;yhjNghJ njhlu;eJ ; fhe;jg; ..................................................................
es
gz;Gfis jf;fitj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; jw;fhypff; 66. $w;W : Gtpapd; fhe;jg;Gyk; mjd; cs;sj;jpy;
fhe;jq;fs; ........... vdg;gLfpd;wd. cs;s ,Uk;gpdhy; cUthfpwJ.
pr
40. epiyahd fhe;jq;fs; ......... cNyhff;fyitahy; fhuzk;: cau;ntg;gepiyapy; xU fhe;jkhdJ
jahupf;fg;gLfpd;wd. mjd; fhe;jg;gz;gpid my;yJ fhe;jtpaiy
41. my;epf;Nfh vd;gJ ................... ,of;Fk;.
ex
42. g+kpapy; fhzg;gLk; typikahd jpwd;kpFe;j

fhe;jq;fs; ...................... 
43. nrupkhdg;gFjpapy; Nrjj;ij cz;lhf;Fk;
vi
$u;ikahd ,Uk;Gf;fk;gp kw;Wk; gpw ,Uk;G 19 mz;lKk; tpz;ntsp mwptpaYk;

nghUs;fis ftu;ej ; pOj;J capiu ghJfhf;fg;
l
ka
gad;gLtJ ..............
44. Nguz;lj;jpd; ghy;top tpz;kPd;jpuspy;
mike;Js;s ................... vdg;gLk; fhe;j epa+lu; hd;
w.
tpz;kPNd mjpf jpwd; kpFe;j fhe;jkhFk;.

45. Nkf;dpl;lhu; fhe;jj;jpd; tpl;lk; ..............
ww
46. Gtpapd; Muk; ................

47. ePz;l J}uk; gazpj;J jpUk;Gk; jpwd; ngw;w
gwit ...................
48. Gwhtpd; myfpy; ,Ug;gJ ....................
49. Gtpg;gug;gpd; neLf;fj;jpy; fhe;jg;Gy typikapd;
vz;kjpg;G ................. 1. tpz;kPd;fisg; gw;wpAk; Nfhs;fs; kw;Wk;
50. Fspu;gjdp fhe;jkhdJ Gtpf;fhe;jj;ijtpl............ mtw;wpd; ,af;fepiyfs;> gFjpg;nghUs;fs;
klq;F jpwf; nfhz;ljhFk;. Mfpatw;iwg; gw;wp gbf;Fk; mwptpay; ..................
51. cyfpNyNa kpfTk; Ntfkhd njhlu;tz;b.......... 2. ftu;r;rp tpirapdhy; gpizf;fg;gl;l yl;rf;-
52. nkf;y ; pt; njhlu;tz;b ,af;fj;jpw;F fhuzk;.... fzf;fhd tpz;kPd;fisf; nfhz;l njhFg;G
53. nkf;;ypt; njhlu;tz;bapd; Ntfk; ............... .................... vdg;gLk;.
54. fhe;j typik Kidfspy; .................. 3. .................. ehl;by; Rkhu; 800 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;Ng
55. fld; ml;il my;yJ gw;W ml;ilfspd; uhf;nfl;Lfs; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;Ls;sd
gpd;Gwj;jpy; cs;s fhe;jtup ............ vdg;gLfpwJ. 4. fp.gp. 1232,y; kq;Nfhypa ,uhZt tPuu;fis
56. ,Uk;Gf; fhe;jj;Jfs;fshy; Md nky;ypa ntw;wp nfhs;s rPdh gad;gLj;jp MAjk; .........
nefpopg;glyk; .............. MFk;. 5. ............... vd;gJ xU tpz;ntsp thfdkhFk;.
57. fhe;jg;Gyj;jpd; Kidfs; vg;NghJk; ................... 6. uhf;nfl;lhdJ ............. my;yJ ............... Nghd;w
Mf Nru;e;Nj ,Uf;Fk;. nghUs;fshy; cUthf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
7. ,e;jpahtpd; kpfTk; Gfo;ngw;w uhf;nfl;Lfs; 38. ................ uhf;nfl; %yk; kq;fs;ahd; tpz;zpy;
.................> ....................... nrYj;jg;gl;lJ.
8. PSLV vd;gJ .................... 39. ................... vd;gJ ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; Nfhs;fSf;F
9. GSLV vd;gJ .................... ,ilNaahd tpz;ntspj;jpl;lk; MFk;.
10. jput vupnghUl;fs; ............> ...............> ............... 40. nrt;tha; NfhSf;F tpz;fyk; mDg;gpa 4tJ
11. jput ,af;F nghUSld; cs;s Mf;rp tpz;ntsp Ma;T epWtdk; ................
fhuzpfs;; ...........> .............. 41. kq;fs;ahd; tpz;fyk; ............... Mz;L....... ehs;
12. jpz;k vupnghUs;fSf;F cjuhzk; ........> ......... nrt;tha;Nfhspd; Rw;Wtl;lg;ghijapy; epiy
13. jpz;;k ,af;F nghUSld; cs;s Mf;rp epWj;jg;gl;lJ
fhuzpfs;; ...........> .............. 42. kq;fs;ahd; tpz;fykhdJ> Rkhu; ........................
14. ................... ,af;F nghUl;fspy; vupnghUs; kw;Wk; fhyk; g+kpapd; tl;lg;ghijapy; gazk; nra;jJ
Mf;]pfuzp my;yJ ,uz;Lk; jputepiy 43. #upadpypUe; J
thAf;fshf ,Uf;Fk;. Kjyhtjhf mike;Js;s Nfhs; ..........................
15. uhf;nfl;bd; vupnghUshdJ vupa+l;Lk;NghJ 44. ,uz;lhtjhf mike;Js;s Nfhs; ..........................
mJ .................... tpiria cUthf;FfpwJ. 45. %d;whtjhf mike;Js;s Nfhs; ..........................
16. xt;nthU tpidf;Fk; rkkhd vjpu;tpid cz;L 46. ehd;fhtjhf mike;Js;s Nfhs; ..........................
in
vd;gJ .................... tpjp. 47. Ie;jhtjhf mike;Js;s Nfhs; ..........................
17. uhf;nfl;by; gad;gLk; jj;Jtk; ................ 48. Mwhtjhf mike;Js;s Nfhs; ..........................
s.
18. ,e;jpa tpz;ntsp Ma;T epWtdk; (ISRO) 49. Vohtjhf mike;Js;s Nfhs; ..........................
njhlq;fg;gl;l Mz;L .................. 50. vl;lhtjhf mike;Js;s Nfhs; ..........................
es
19. ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; nraw;iff;Nfhs; ................. 51. kpfr;rpwpa Kjy; Nfhs; ....................
20. Mu;ag;gl;lh tpz;zpy; nrYj;jg;gl;l Mz;L.... 52. kpfr;rpwpa ,uz;lhtJ Nfhs; ....................
21. tpz;ntspf;Fr; nrd;w Kjy; ,e;jpau;..................... 53. kpfg;ngupa Nfhs; ..............
pr
22. re;jpuhad;-1 tpz;zpy; nrYj;jg;gl;l Mz;L... 54. nrt;tha;Nfhs; .............. vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
23. rjP\; jthd; tpz;ntsp ikak; cs;s ,lk;... 55. nrt;tha;NfhSf;F rptg;G epwj;ijj; jUtJ
ex
24. ............. uhf;nfl; %yk; re;jpuhad;-1 tpz;zpy; ...............> .......................

nrYj;jg;gl;lJ 56. nrt;tha; jd;mr;rpy; ................... Neuj;jpy; jd;idj;
25. re;jpuhad;-1 re;jpudpy; Rw;Wtl;lg;ghijapy; jhNd Rw;wp tUfpwJ.
vi
epiy epWj;jg;gl;lJ .................... 57. nrt;tha;fN; fhs; .................. ehl;fSf;F xUKiw

26. re;jpuhad;-1 jpl;lkhdJ ......................... ehl;fs; #upaidr; Rw;wp tUfpwJ.
l
ka
nray;gl;L Nehf;fq;fis epiwT nra;jJ. 58. g+kpapd; Rw;Wf;fhyk; kw;Wk; fhyepiyia

27. re;jpuhad;-1 G+kpapYs;s fl;Lg;ghl;L miwAld; xj;jpUf;Fk; Nfhs; ...................
,Ue;j njhlu;ig ................,y; ,oe;jJ. 59. nrt;tha;Nfhis mile;j Kjy; Mrpa ehL...
w.
nray;gl;L Nehf;fq;fis epiwT nra;jJ. 60. cyfpNyNa nrt;tha;Nfhis mile;j 4-tJ

28. re;jpuhad;-1 jpl;lj;jpd; Nehf;fq;fSs; xd;W ehL ..................
ww
................. ,Ug;gij Muha;jy; 61. re;jpuhad;-2 tpz;zpy; nrYj;jg;gl;l Mz;L...

29. cyfpd; kpfr;rpwpa nraw;iff;Nfhs; ...................... 62. epytpd; njd;gFjpia Ma;T nra;tij
30. fyhk;rhl; nraw;iff;Nfhspd; vil ................... Nehf;fkhf nfhz;lJ ...................
31 ................ jiyikapy; fyhk;rhl; nraw;iff;Nfhs; 63. re;jpuhad;-2tpd; Rw;Wf;fyk;.............. miwAlDk;
cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. tpf;uk; vdg;gLk; jiuapwf;fpAlDk; jfty;
32. fyhk;rhl; nraw;iff;Nfhs; tpz;zpy; nrYj;jg; gupkhw;wk; nra;Ak; jpwd; gilj;jJ.
gl;l Mz;L .............. : 64. ,e;jpa tpz;ntspj; jpl;lj;jpd; je;ij ................
mjid mDg;gpaJ............ 65. ............... md;W re;jpuhad;-2 G+kpapy; cs;s
33. re;jpuhad;-1> re;jpuhad;-2> fl;Lg;ghl;L miwAldhd njhlu;ig ,oe;jJ.
kq;fs;ahd; jpl;lq;fspy; 66. re;jpuhad;-2 epytpd; Nkw;gug;gpypUe;J Rkhu;
jpl;l ,af;Feuhf ............... njhiytpy; ,Ue;jNghJ njhlu;ig
gzpahw;wpatu; ....................... ,oe;jJ.
34. Fiwe;j nrytpy; re;jpuhaid tbtikj;jjpy; 67. ,e;jpa tpz;ntsp Ma;T
......................... ,tupd; gq;F Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ epWtdj;jpd; jw;Nghija
35. .................... g+kpapd; KO tbtj;ijAk; Kjd; jiytu; ................ Mthu;.
Kjyhf gjpT nra;J mDg;gpAs;sJ. 68. Dr. ifyhrk; tbT rptd;
36. kq;fs;ahd; vd;gJ ..................... ............................. vd;W
37. kq;fs;ahd; tpz;zpy; nrYj;jg;gl;l Mz;L... miof;fg;gLfpwhu;.
69. xw;iw uhf;nfl;bd; %yk; ................. nraw;iff;
Nfhs;fis tpz;zpy; nrYj;jpaJ Dr. ifyhrk; 20 ePu;
tbT rptd; mtu;fspd; jpwikf;F kpfr;rpwe;j
vLj;Jf;fhl;L MFk;.
70. G+kpapd; Jizf;Nfhs; ..................
71. re;jpud; G+kpapypUe;J Rkhu; ................... njhiytpy;
cs;sJ.
72. re;jpudpd; tpl;lk; ...............
73. re;jpudpy; ................. ,y;iy.
74. ehrh vd;gJ ..................... 1. GtpahdJ ................. gq;F ePupdhy; MdJ.
75. ehrh epWtg;gl;l Mz;L .......... 2. ek; clypy; cs;s ePupd; msT ................
76. ehrh ................. efupy; cs;sJ. 3. kpd;dwhw;wypd; %yk; ePu; %yf;$Wfis
77. #upa FLk;gj;jpy; cs;s midj;Jf; Nfhs;- gpupf;Fk; nray;Kiw ............. vdg;gLk;.
fSf;Fk; .................. Nuhghbf; tpz;fyq;fis 4. ePupy; i`l;u[d; kw;Wk; Mf;rp[d; thAtpd;
mDg;gpAs;sJ. tpfpjk; .................
78. ehrhtpd; kpfTk; Gfo;ngw;w tpz;ntspj; 5. ................ vd;gtuhy; ............ Mz;L ePu; Kjd;Kjypy;
in
jpl;lq;fs; ............... jahupf;fg;gl;lJ.
79. Kjd;Kjypy; kdpju;fis epyTf;F mDg;gpa 6. i`l;u[id vspjpy; vupAk; fhw;W vd
s.
jpl;lk; ........................... mioj;jtu; ..................
80. Kjd;Kjypy; kdpju;fis epytpy; jiuapwq;fr; 7. n`d;wp Nfntd;b\; cNyhfq;fis nrwpT
es
nra;j jpl;lk; ........................... kpf;f fhuq;fSld; Nru;jJ ; ............. cUthf;fpdhu;.
81. mg;NghNyh-11 tpz;fyk; ................. Mz;L epytpy; 8. n`d;wp Nfntd;b\; cNyhfq;fis nrwpT
kpff ; mkpyq;fSld; Nru;jJ ; ........... cUthf;fpdhu;.
pr
jiuapwq;fpaJ.
82. Kjd;Kjypy; epytpd; Nkw;gug;gpy; fhyb 9. J}aePupd; nfhjpepiy xU tspkz;ly
itj;jtu; ..................... mOj;jj;jpy; ................ MFk;.
ex
10. J}aePupd; ciwepiy xU tspkz;ly

83. mg;NghyNyh-11 tpz;fyj;jpy; gazpj;jtu;fs;
mOj;jj;jpy; ................ MFk;.
...................> ...................> ....................
11. J}aePupd; mlu;j;jp ................. MFk;.
vi
84. NISAR vd;gjd; tpupthf;fk; ......................

12. gdpf;fl;bapd; mlu;jj ; p ePupd; mlu;jj ; piatpl.....
85. fy;gdh rht;yh 1997Mk; Mz;L ............................. 0
13. 0 C ,y; gdpf;fl;bapd; mlu;j;jp .................
l
jpl;lj;jpy; gzpGupa Nju;T nra;ag;gl;lhu;.

ka
14. 00 C ,y; ePupd; mlu;j;jp .................

86. tpz;ntspf;F nrd;w Kjy; ,e;jpa tPuhq;fid
15. 40 C ,y; ePupd; mlu;j;jp .................
....................... 16. 40 C f;F Nky; ePupd; mlu;j;jp .................
w.
87. fy;gdh rht;yh ................ NghJ Vw;gl;l tpgj;jpy; 17. gdpf;fl;bapd; fdmsT ePupd; fdmsittpl.....
capupoe;jhu;. 18. ePuhdJ gdpf;fl;bahf khWk; mjd; .................,y;
ww
88. fy;gdh rht;yh g+kpapd; ............ Rw;Wg;ghijapy; tpupthf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk;.

............. iky;fs; gazk; nra;Js;shu;. 19. gdpf;fl;b jz;zPuhf khWtjw;F Njitahd
89. fy;gdh rht;yh tpz;ntspapy; jq;fpapUe;j ntg;g Mw;wypd; msT gdpf;fl;b cUFjypd;
Neuk; ..................... ................ vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
90. tpz;ntspapy; ePzl ; J}uk; ele;j ngz; ............ 20. kpfTk; mjpf cs;Siw ntg;gj;ij nfhz;lJ...
Mz;L ................. 21. gdpf;fl;bapd; cs;Siw ntg;g msT ...............
91. Rdpjh tpy;ypak;]; gd;dhl;L tpz;ntsp 22. ............... MdJ kpfTk; mjpf Mtpahjypd;
epiyaj;jpw;F....Kiw gazk; Nkw;nfhz;Ls;shu;. cs;Siw ntg;gj;ijf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
92. nrt;tha;fF ; kdpju;fis mDg;Gk; jpl;lj;jpy; 23. ePuhtpapd; cs;Siw ntg;g msT ...............
jpl;lf;FOtpy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;stu; ................... 24. 1 fNyhupfs;/fpuhk; = ............. [_y;/fpuhk;
93. re;jpuhad; vd;gjw;F nghUs; ................. 25. J}aePu; ypl;k]; jhis ..................
94. cyfpd; midj;J nghUl;fisAk; tpz;ntsp- 26. ........... apy; .............. ePuhdJ rpije;J i`l;u[d;
iaAk; cs;slf;fpaJ .............. MFk;. kw;Wk; Mf;rp[d; thAitj; jUfpwJ.
95. Nfhs;fisg; gw;wp mwpa tpz;ntspf;F 27. ........ ve;j ntg;gepiyapYk; ePUld; tpidGupahJ
mDg;gg;gLk; thfdk; ................... 28. Xu; cyfshtpa fiug;ghd; my;yJ
96. kpff;Fiwe;j ntg;gepiy mwptpay; ................. ru;t fiug;ghd; vd;gJ .............MFk;
97. tpz;zpy; nrYj;jg;gLk; uhf;nfl;by; itf;fg; 29. ej;ijfs;> rpg;gpfs; Nghd;w .............. ypUe;J
gLk; nraw;iff;Nfhs; ................. vdg;gLk;. ............ gpupj;njLj;J $Lfis cUthf;FfpwJ.
30. .................... msT cg;G fye;Js;s ePu; kl;LNk
Fbf;f cfe;j ePuhFk;. 21 mkpyq;fs; kw;Wk; fhuq;fs;
31. ................. flypy; ePupd; cg;Gj;jd;ik kpf mjpfk; 1. kUe;Jfspy; typ epthuzpahf gad;gLtJ
32. .................... xU cg;G epiwe;j VupahFk;. .................. ,J xU mkpyk; MFk;.
33. ................. flypy; kdpjd; kpjf;fyhk;. 2. mkpyePff ; pahf gad;gLk; kUe;Jfs; ..............MFk;.
34. capupdq;fs; tho ,ayhj xU fly; .................. 3. nry;ypd; mbg;gil nghUs; ..................
35. rhf;fly; (Dead Sea) cs;s gFjp ................. 4. b.vd;.tp.y;.................... cs;sd.
36. tapw;Wg;Nghf;fpdhy; xt;nthU tUlKk; ................. 5. mkpyk; vd;w nrhy;Yf;F .................. nghUs;.
Foe;ijfs; ,we;JtpLfpwhu;fs;. 6. mkpyk; vd;w nrhy; .............. ,yj;jd P ; nrhy;ypy;
37. .................-I Jupjg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf nghl;lh\; ,Ue;J tUtpf;fg;gl;lJ.
gbfhukhdJ ePUld; Nrfupf;fg;gLfpwJ. 7. Gspg;Gr;Rit nfhz;l Ntjpr;Nru;kq;fs;
38. ................... vd;gJ ePupypUe;J khR kw;Wk; fpUkp nghJthf ................ vdg;gLfpd;wd
ePf;fr; nra;ag;gLk; KiwahFk;. 8. mkpyq;fs; ,lg;ngau;r;rp nra;aj;jf;f ...............
39. RO vd;gjd; tpupthf;fk; ................... mZf;fisg; ngw;Ws;sd.
40. RO tpy; fpUkpfis mopf;ff;$ba .............. ePiu 9. mkpyq;fis ePupy; fiuf;Fk;NghJ i`l;u[d;
Rj;jg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd. .................. ntspapLfpd;wd.
in
41. Fiwe;jsNt cg;Gfs; fiue;Js;s ePiu ehk; 10. mkpyk; vd;gJ ePu;f;fiurypy; madpfisj;
............... vd;fpNwhk;. jUk; Ntjpg; nghUs; vd;w nfhs;ifia
s.
42. ePupd; jw;fhypf fbdj;jd;ikf;F fhuzk; Kd;itj;jtu; ......................
........................... cg;Gfs; MFk;.
es
43. ePupd; epue;ju fbdj;jd;ikf;F fhuzk;
........................... cg;Gfs; MFk;.
44. ePupd; jw;fhypf fbdj;jd;ikahdJ .......... %yk;
pr
ePff ; g;gLfpwJ.
45. ............................. Nru;gg
; jd; ePupd; fbdj;jd;ikia
ex
ePff ; yhk;.
46. ePupd; fbdj;jd;ikia mfw;Wtjw;fhd Kiw. 11. rpl;upf; mkpyk; cs;s nghUs;fs; ......................
....................... 12. yhf;bf; mkpyk; cs;s nghUs;fs; ......................
vi
47. jkpo;ehl;by; .......... ePu;j;Njf;fq;fs; cs;sd. 13. Mf;rhypf; mkpyk; cs;s nghUs;fs; ......................
48. jkpo;ehl;by;.......ngupa Mw;Wg;gLiffs; cs;sd. 14. mrp;lb ; f; mkpyk; cs;s nghUs;fs; ......................
l
ka
49. jkpo;ehl;by; .......... ePu;j;njhl;bfs; cs;sd. 15. khypf; mkpyk; cs;s nghUs;fs; ......................
50. g+kpf;F mbapYs;s fuLKulhd kzy; kw;Wk; 16. lhu;lhupf; mkpyk; cs;s nghUs;fs; ......................
ruisfspd; mLf;Ffis ................... vd;fpNwhk;. 17. /ghu;kpf; mkpyk; cs;s nghUs;fs; ......................
w.
51. fpilf;ff;$ba Nkw;gug;G ePupy; ........... msT 18. kdpjd; nraw;ifahf cw;gj;jp mkpyq;fs;
tptrhak; kw;Wk; ePu;ghrdj;jpw;F gad;gLj;jg; ..................... vdg;gLk;.
ww
gLfpwJ. 19. fdpk mkpyq;fSf;F cjhuzk; ........> .....> .......

52. ePu; khRghl;bw;F tPl;L cgNahd .................. xU 20. jpz;k epiyapYs;s mkpyk; ..............
Kf;fpa fhuzk;. 21. mkpyq;fs; ............. ypl;k]; jhis ...............Mf
53. ,e;jpahtpy; ePu; khRghl;bd; kpfg;ngupa Mjhuk; khw;Wfpd;wd.
...................... 22. mkpyq;fs; nkj;jpy; MuQ;R fiuriy
54. xU egu; xU ehisf;F ruhrupahf .......... ePiu ................ Mf khw;Wfpd;wd.
gad;gLj;Jfpwhu;. 23. ek; tapw;wpy; Ruf;Fk; grpAzu;T J}z;Lk;
55. ghl;bypy; milf;fg;gl;l ePu; kw;wk; Foha; mkpyk; .................
ePupy; .................. ,Ug;gjhf fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 24. .................. mkpyj;jpd; Ruf;Fk; msT mjpfupj;jhy;
56. ePupd; %yf;$W tha;ghL ............... tapw;Wg;Gz; Njhd;Wk;.
57. mjpfg;gbahd cuq;fis gad;gLj;Jtjpd; 25. i`l;NuhFNshupf; mkpyj;Jld; nkf;dPrpak;
fhuzkhf ePu;epiyfspy; My;fhf;fspd; cNyhfk; tpidGupe;J .......... ntspaplg;gLfpwJ.
tsu;r;rp mjpfupj;jy; .................. vdg;gLfpd;wJ. 26. Ntjpg;nghUl;fspd; murd; vd miof;fg;gLtJ
58. ePu; gdpf;fl;bahf khWk; ntg;gepiy ............. ........................(,J kpfr;rpwe;j ePu; ePff ; pahFk;)
59. ePupid kpd;dhw;gFf;Fk;NghJ vjpu;kpd;thapy; 27. capupdq;fSf;F ............. mkpyk; kpfTk;
Nrupf;fg;gLk; thA ..................... mbg;gilahdJ.
60. ePupid kpd;dhw;gFf;Fk;NghJ Neu;kpd;thapy; 28. CWfha; ePzl ; ehs; nfl;Lg;Nghfhky; ,Uf;ff;
Nrupf;fg;gLk; thA ..................... fhuzk; ...................... (m) .........................
29. Nrhg;gpd; totog;Gj; jd;ikf;F fhuzk;
mtw;wpy; cs;s ................ MFk;. 22 md;whl tho;tpy; Ntjpapay;
30. fhuq;fs; ePupy; fiue;J ....................... madpfisj; 1. ek;Kila KO ehfuPfKk; ...............My; epfo;jj ; g;
jUfpd;wJ. gLfpwJ.
31. ePupy; fiuAk; fhuq;fSf;F ................ vd;Wngau;. 2. i`l;Nuhfhu;gd; vd;git ........... kw;Wk; ..............
32. Nrhbak; i`l;uhf;irL fhzg;gLk; nghUs;..... mZf;fisf; nfhz;l fupkr;Nru;kq;fshFk;.
33. Nrhbak; i`l;uhf;irL ........................... vdTk; 3. i`l;Nuhfhu;gdpd; mlu;j;jp ePupd; mlu;j;jpia
miof;fg;gLfpd;wd. tpl ....................
34. [d;dy;fis Rj;jk; nra;a gad;gLk; fiury; 4. thAepiy i`l;Nuhfhu;gd; v.fh .......> .............
....................... 5. jputepiy i`l;Nuhfhu;gd; v.fh .......> .............
35. fhuq;fs; ............. ypl;k]; jhis ...............Mf 6. jpz;kepiy i`l;Nuhfhu;gd; v.fh ................
khw;Wfpd;wd. 7. i`l;Nuhfhu;gd;fs; xd;Wld; xd;W ,ize;J
36. fhuq;fs; nkj;jpy; MuQ;R fiuriy ................ Ntjpg;gpizg;Gfis cUthf;Fk; gz;Gf;F
Mf khw;Wfpd;wd. .............. vd;Wngau;.
37. fhuq;fs; gpdhg;jypd; fiuriy ................ Mf 8. i`l;Nuhfhu;gd;fspd; ehd;F tiffs; ..............
khw;Wfpd;wd. 9. ............. vd;gJ xU kpfTk; vspa i`l;Nuhfhu;gd;.
in
38. tPLfspy; nts;isabf;f gad;gLk; fhuq;fs;... 10. kPj;Njd; ............... vdTk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
39. cuq;fs;> ieyhd;> nefpop kw;Wk; ,ug;gu; nghUj;Jf:
s.
jahupf;f gad;gLk; fhuq;fs; ................... 11. kPjN ; jd; - C 3H 8
40. mkpyKk; fhuKk; tpidGupe;J .........Ak; ...........Ak;
12. <j;Njd; - C5H12
es
cUthf;Fk; tpidNa eLepiyahf;fy; tpid.
41. vWk;G fbf;Fk;NghJ cUthFk; /ghu;kpf; 13. GNuhg;Ngd; - C2H6
mkpyj;ij eLepiyahf;f ...................... nfhz;L 14. gpA+l;Nld; - CH4
pr
Nja;f;f Ntz;Lk; 15. ngd;Nld; - C4H10
42. Fstp nfhl;Lk; nghOJ> vupr;ry; kw;Wk; typ 16. ............ck; .............ck; Nru;jJ ; jputkhf;fg;gl;l
ex
Vw;glf; fhuzk; .................... ngl;Nuhypak; thAthf gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.

43. Fstp nfhl;Lk; nghOJ cUthFk; fhuj;ij 17. LPG vd;gjd; tpupthf;fk; ....................
eLepiyahf;f ...................... gad;gLj;jyhk;. 18. rpypz;lu;fspy; thAf; frpitf; fz;lwpa
vi
44. mjpf mkpyj;jd;ik cs;s kz; jhtu gad;gLk; Ntjpg;nghUs; ...................

tsu;rr ; pf;F ...................... 19. ghyP]i ; luPd; vd;w Ntjpg;nghUl;fis cw;gj;jp
l
ka
45. ,aw;if epwq;fhl;bf;F v.fh..... ..... ..... ..... ...... nra;ag; gad;gLtJ ..................
46. fhuf;fiurypy; kQ;rs; epwq;fhl;bahdJ ............. 20. ,aw;if thAtpy; kPj;Njd; kw;Wk; <j;Njd;
khWfpwJ. ,Ue;jhy; mJ ............... vdg;gLk;.
w.
47. nrk;gUj;jpg;G+ epwq;fhl;b mkpyf;fiurypy; 21. ,aw;if thAtpy; Gug;Ngd; kw;Wk; gpA+l;Nld;
.................. epwj;ij jUfpwJ. ,Ue;jhy; mJ ............... vdg;gLk;.
ww
48. nrk;gUj;jpg;G+ epwq;fhl;b fhuf;fiurypy; 22. ..............k; ............ k; fPoe

; piy i`l;Nuhfhu;gd;fs;.
.................. epwj;ij jUfpwJ. 23. ..............k; ............k; cau;epiy i`l;Nuhfhu;gd;fs;.
49. Ma;tfq;fspy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; xU mkpyfhu 24. ,aw;if thA fpilf;Fk; khepyq;fs;.................
epwq;fhl;b ................ MFk;. 25. jkpo;ehl;by; ,aw;if thA fpilf;Fkplk;.............
50. ypl;k]; ................ ,ypUe;J gpupj;njLf;fg;gLfpwJ. 26. ,aw;if thAtpy; .......... Kjd;ikahf ,Uf;Fk;.
51. nraw;if epwq;fhl;bfs; v.fh..............> .............. 27. mUq;fhl;rpafq;fspy; cs;s goq;fhy
52. gpdhg;jyPd;> epwq;fhl;b mkpyf;fiurypy; rpdd ; q;fis ghJfhf;f ........... thA gad;gLfpwJ.
.................. epwj;ij jUfpwJ. 28. CNG vd;gjd; tpupthf;fk; ....................
53. gpdhg;jyPd;> epwq;fhl;b fhuf;fiurypy; 29. CNG ,y; cs;s kPj;Njdpd; msT ................
.................. epwj;ij jUfpwJ. 30. jhdpaq;fp thfdq;fspy; vupnghUshf
54. nkj;jpy; MuQ;R> epwq;fhl;b mkpyf;fiurypy; gad;gLgtJ ................
.................. epwj;ij jUfpwJ. 31. LNG vd;gjd; tpupthf;fk; ....................
55. nkj;jpy; MuQ;R> epwq;fhl;b fhuf;fiurypy; 32. CNG ,y; cs;s <j;Njdpd; msT ................
.................. epwj;ij jUfpwJ. 33. CNG ,y; cs;s GNuhg;Ngdpd; msT ................
56. ehk; gad;gLj;Jk; gw;girapy; ,Ug;gJ ............... 34. CNG ,y; cs;s gpA+l;Nldpd; msT ................
57. fhy;rpak; Mf;irbd; Ntjp tha;ghL .................... 35. CNG ,y; cs;s ngd;Nldpd; msT ................
58. czT jahupf;fg; gadgLk; kQ;rshdJ............... 36. ............... vd;gJ fhu;gd; Nkhdhf;irL thATk;
Mfg; gad;gLfpwJ. iel;u[d; thATk; fye;j fyitahFk;.
37. cw;gj;jp thA> fy;fupia .............. ntg;gepiyapy; 68. 1000 fp.fp epyf;fupapypUe;J ................ msT
fhw;Wld; fye;Js;s ePuhtpia nrYj;Jtjd; fy;fup fpilf;fpwJ.
%yk; cUthf;fg;gLfpwJ. 69. 1000 fp.fp epyf;fupapypUe;J ................ msT
38. cw;gj;jp thAtpy; iel;u[dpd; msT ................ fupj;jhu; fpilf;fpwJ.
39. cw;gj;jp thAtpy; i`l;u[dpd; msT ................ 70. 1000 fp.fp epyf;fupapypUe;J ................ msT
40. cw;gj;jp thAtpy; kPj;Njdpd; msT ................ fupthA fpilf;fpwJ.
41. cw;gj;jp thAtpd; NtW ngau;fs; ........> ............. 71. ngl;uh vd;w ,yj;jd P ; nrhy;ypd; nghUs; ..........
42. epyf;fup thA ............> ..............> ................. nfhz;l 72. Xypak; vd;w ,yj;jd P ; nrhy;ypd; nghUs; ..........
73. .............. vd;gJ ,aw;if thA> jplepiy
fyitahFk;.
gpl;Lnkd; Mfpatw;iw Nru;j;Jf; Fwpg;gjhFk;.
43. ............................. vd;gJ fhw;wpy;yh #o;epiyapy;
74. cyfpd; Kjy; ngl;Nuhypa vz;nza;f;fpzW
epyf;fupia ntg;gg;gLj;JtjhFk;.
................. Mz;L ............. ,lj;jpy; Njhz;lg;gl;lJ
44. .................... vd;gJ fhu;gd; Nkhdhf;irL kw;Wk;
75. cyfpd; ,uz;lhtJ ngl;Nuhypa vz;nza;f;
i`l;u[d; thAf;fspd; fyitahFk;. fpzW .............Mz;L .........,lj;jpy; Njhz;lg;gl;lJ
45. ePu; thA> fy;fupia .............. ntg;gepiyapy; 76. ntt;NtW nfhjpepiyfis cila jputq;fs;
nrYj;Jtjd; %yk; cUthf;fg;gLfpwJ. mlq;fpa fyitia ntg;gg;gLj;jp jdpj;jdpah
46. ePu; thA .................. vd;Wk; miof;fg;LfpwJ.
in
gpupj;J gpd;G Fspu;tpj;jiy ............. vd;fpNwhk;.
47. ..................... vd;gJ kPj;Njd; kw;Wk; fhu;gd; il 77. ngl;Nuhypak; ................ vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
Mf;irL thAf;fspd; fyitahFk;.
s.
78. n[l; tpkhdj;jpd; vupnghUshf gad;gLtJ.....
48. fhw;wpy;yh #o;epiyapy; fupkg; nghUs;fs; 79. rhiyfs; mikf;fg; gad;gLk; ngl;Nuhypa
es
rpijtilAk; NghJ ........... cUthfpwJ. nghUl;fs; ......................
49. epyf;fup ...............I Kjd;ikahff; nfhz;Ls;sJ. ngl;N uhypaj;i j gpd;d fha;r ;r p tbf; F k;
50. ,we;j jhtuq;fs; epyf;fupahf khWk; nkJthd NghJ fpilf;Fk; nghUs;fs; kw;Wk; mjd;
pr
epfo;r;rp .............. vdg;gLfpwJ. ntg;g epiy tpguk;:
51. cyfstpy; Rkhu; ........... ehLfspy; epyf;fup nghUj;Jf:
ex
,Ug;Gfs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. 80. ngl;Nuhy; - 600 C - 1000 C

52. cyfstpy; 30 rjtPj epyf;fupia toq;fp 81. ehg;jyPd; - 3000 C - 3700 C
............ ehL Kjyhtjhf jpfo;fpwJ. 82. kz;nzz;nza; - 2500 C - 3500 C
vi
53. ,e;jpahtpy; Kjypy; epyf;fup ntl;b vLf;fg; 83. Bry; - 400 C - 2050 C
gl;l Mz;L .............. 84. caT vz;nza; - 1750 C - 3250 C
l
ka
54. ,e;jpah epyf;fup cw;gj;jpapy; .............. ,lj;jpy; 85. ve;j Xu; vupnghUSk; ................ I xU Kf;fpa
cs;sJ. gFjpg;nghUshff; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
55. cyfj;jpd; epyf;fup ,Ug;Gfspy; .............. gq;F 86. fNyhup kjpgG; .........vd;w myfhy; msf;fg;gLfpwJ.
w.
mnkupf;fh> rPdhtpy; cs;sJ.

56. ypf;idl; epyf;fupapy; cs;s fhu;gdpd; msT..... gy;NtW vupnghUl;fspd; fNyhup kjpg;G
ww
57. Jiz gpl;Lkpd]; epyf;fupapy; cs;s khl;Lr;rhzf;fl;b 6000 - 8000

fhu;gdpd; msT .....................
58. gpl;Lkpd]; epyf;fupapy; cs;s fhu;gdpd; kuk; 17000 - 22000
msT ...................... epyf;fup 25000 - 33000
59. Me;j;uirl; epyf;fupapy; cs;s fhu;gdpd;
msT ...................... ngl;Nuhy; 45,000
60. ngapz;Lfs; kw;Wk; ieyhd; nghUl;fs;
kz;nzz;nza; 45,000
jahupf;fg; gad;gLk; epyf;fup tif ...............
61. cau; juk; nfhz;l epyf;fup tif .................... Bry; 45,000
62. epyf;fupapypUe;J ngwg;gLk; ...................... rpWePuf
kPjN
; jd; 50,000
Rj;jpfupg;G fUtpfspYk; gad;gLfpwJ.
63. epyf;fupia rpijj;J tbf;Fk;NghJ fpilf;Fk; CNG 50,000
nghUl;fs; ...............> ...............> ..............> ..................
LPG 55,000
64. fy;fup ............. fhu;gidf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
65. fupj;jhupypUe;J fpilf;Fk; nghUs; ................... capup thA 35,000 - 40,000
66. fupthA ................ vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
i`l;u[d; 1,50,000
67. epyf;fup ................ vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
87. ................. vz; kjpg;gL P ngl;NuhYf;F gad;gLj;jg; 16. NfhJik> ney; cw;gj;jpapy; ,e;jpah ................
gLfpwJ. ,lj;jpy; cs;sJ.
88. ................. vz; kjpg;gPL BrYf;F gad;gLj;jg; 17. gapu; cw;gj;jpapd; Kjy; gb ..................
gLfpwJ. 18. cotdpd; ez;gd; ...............
89. ................. Bry; vQ;rpdpy; cs;s vupnghUspd; 19. ..........> ..............> ............. Kiwfspy; kz;zhzJ
gw;witg;G fhy msit msg;gjhFk;. jahu; nra;ag;gLfpwJ.
90. ,d;Dk; ........... Mz;LfSf;F kl;LNk epyf;fup 20. gapu; cw;gj;jpapd; ,uz;lhk; epiy .....................
,Uf;Fk; vd fzf;fplg;gl;Ls;sJ. 21. jhtu kw;Wk; tpyq;F fopTfs; kl;Ftjdhy;
91. ................... Nru;gg
; jd; %yk; ngl;Nuhypd; Mf;Nld; fpilf;Fk; fupkg; nghUs;fs; ............... vdg;gLk;.
vz;iz mjpfupf;f KbAk;. 22. ...............> .............. Mfpait etPd ePug ; hrd Kiw.
92. .................. Nru;g;gjd; %yk; Brypd; rPl;Nld; 23. ePu; gw;whf;Fiw cs;s gFjpfSf;F kpfTk;
vz;iz mjpfupf;f KbAk;. gaDs;s ePu;ghrd Kiw ..................
93. ,d;Dk; ........... Mz;LfSf;F kl;LNk 24. ed;duP ; tsj;jpy; ........... tpOf;fhL tptrhaj;jpw;F
ngl;Nuhypak; ,Uf;Fk; vd fzf;fplg;gl;Ls;sJ. gad;gLfpwJ.
94. ,d;Dk; ........... Mz;LfSf;F kl;LNk ,aw;if 25. tptrha epyj;jpy; Kf;fpa gapu; tiffSld;
thA ,Uf;Fk; vd fzf;fplg;gl;Ls;sJ. cs;s gy tpUk;ghj jhtuq;fs; ...... vdg;gLk;.
in
95. vjpu;fhyj;jpy; ........................ thA xU kpfr;rpwe;j 26. midj;J tif fisfisAk; mopg;gjw;fhd
khw;W vupnghUshFk;. xU tif nray;Kiw ....................
s.
96. jkpofj;jpy; fhw;whiyfs; cs;s ,lq;fs; ........ 27. cyfk; KOtJk; ................f;F Nkw;gl;l fisr;
97. rhz vupthAtpy; ngUkstpy; ,Ug;gJ .............. rpw;wpdq;fs; cs;sJ.
es
rpwpjstpy; ,Ug;gJ .............. 28. gapu;fSf;F jPtpu ,og;gpid Vw;gLj;Jk; fisr;
98. Kjd;ikahd kw;Wk; Kf;fpakhd Mw;wy; rpw;wpdq;fspd; vz;zpf;if ................
%yk; ................... (,aw;ifapy; jPu;eJ ; tplhJ) 29. jhdpaq;fis mitfspd; gju; my;yJ
pr
99. gbk vupnghUSf;F v.fh. ...................... fdpfspy; ,Ue;J gpupj;njLf;Fk; nray; ............
100. ypf;idl; ............... epwk; nfhz;lJ. 30. ........................... fjpubj;jy; kw;Wk; fhw;wpy; J}w;Wjy;
ex
 Nghd;w nray;ghLfis cs;slf;fpaJ.

31. FCI vd;gJ ..............
23 gapu;ngUf;fk; - Nkyhz;ik 32. ,e;jpa czTf;fofk; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;l Mz;L
vi
...................... kw;Wk; ,lk; ..................

33. ,e;jpa czTf;fofj;jpd; jiyikafk; cs;s
l
ka
,lk; ...................
34. PDS vd;gJ ..............
35. Nrkpg;Gf; fplq;Ffspy; rpWg+r;rpfs; kw;Wk;
w.
g+r;rpfis Fiwg;gjw;F Ntjpa J}tpfs;

njspf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,jw;F ................ vd;W ngau;.
ww
36. xNu ,lj;jpy; xU Fwpg;gpl;l fhy tupirapy;

gytifg; gapu;fis tupirahf elT nra;jy;
1. ekJ ehl;L nghUshjhuj;jpd; KJnfYk;G......... ................... vdg;gLk;.
2. ek; ehl;by; gapuplg;gLk; gapu;fs; ......> .......> ...... 37. etjhdpa tpijtq;fp cs;s ,lk; ...............
3. kiof;fhyq;fspy; tpijf;fg;gLk; gapu;................... 38. nfhy;fj;jh Mr;rhu;a n[fjP]; jhtutpay;
4. fhupg; gapu; tpijf;fg;gLk; khjk; ................. Njhl;lk; Muk;gj;jpy; ...........vd;W miof;fg;gl;lJ.
5. fhupg; gapu;fSf;F v.fh. .............> ............> .............. 39. Mr;rhu;a n[fjP]; jhtutpay; Njhl;lkhdJ
6. Fspu;fhyq;fspy; tsu;f;fg;gLk; gapu;................... ............... epyg;gug;G msTilaJ.
7. uhgp gapu;fSf;F v.fh. .............> ............> .............. 40. ,e;jpahtpy; tpijtq;fpf;fhd tpijfis Kjd;
8. Nfhilfhyq;fspy; tsu;ff ; g;gLk; gapu;................... Kjypy; Nrkpf;fj; njhlq;fpa ,lk; ................
9. Nfhilfhy gapu;fSf;F v.fh. .............> .............. 41. ................ vdg;gLtJ kz;> kl;fpa
10. ek; ehl;by; gapuplg;gLk; gapu;fs; ......> .......> ...... Fg;ig kw;Wk; jhtu tpijfspd;
11. ........... xU jPtdg; gapuhFk;. fyitahFk;.
12. ................> ............... ehu;gg
; apu;fSf;F cjhuzk;. 42. ghuk;gupa tpijfs; .....................
13. ...............> .............. vz;nza;g; gapu;fshFk;. vdTk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
14. ...............> .............. myq;fhuj; jhtuq;fshFk;. 43. Rw;Wr;Roypd; juk; rhu;e;j epiyfis ntspg;
15. ................ kw;Wk; ............... cw;gj;jpapy; ,e;jpah gLj;jf;$ba Xu; capupdk; my;yJ ,dq;fspd;
kpfg; ngupa ehlhFk;. njhFg;G .................. vdg;gLk;.
44. ................. xU capup Rl;b MFk;.
45. iyf;fd;fs; vd;gJ ................. kw;Wk; .................... 24 jhtuq;fs; & tpyq;Ffs; ghJfhg;G
capupfspd; xUq;fpize;j Xu; mikg;ghFk;
46. ................... xU Rw;Wr;#oy; mstp MFk;.
47. IARI vd;gJ ....................
48. IARI .................. vdTk; miof;fg;LfpwJ.
49. 1970Mk; Mz;by; gRikg;Gul;rpf;F tpj;jpl;l
Muha;r;rpf;F fhuzkhf .............. ,Ue;jJ.
50. ICAR vd;gJ ......................
51. Gfo;kpf;f mjpf kf#y; jUk; ngUk; gapu;
ufq;fs; ....................My; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.
1. ................... Kjd;ikahd td ghJfhg;G ,af;fk;.
52. kj;jpa Ntshz;ikj; Jiw mikr;ru; .................
2. rpg;Nfh vd;w nrhy;ypd; nghUs; ....................
53. ICAR ,d; jiytu; .................... Mthu;.
3. rpg;Nfh ,af;fj;jpd; epWtdu; ................ Mthu;.
54. KVK vd;gJ ......................
4. rpg;Nfh ,af;fk; njhlq;fg;gl;l Mz;L...............
55. ........................ xU Ntshz; mwptpay; epiyak;.
56. cs;Supy; Ntshz;ik Muha;r;rp fz;Lgpbg;G nghUj;Jf: #whtspapd; ngau; - khepyk;
5. ghdp #whtsp - Me;jpuh (2017)
in
fis gad;gLj;Jjy; ..............,d; Nehf;fk;.
57. Kjy; KVK .........Mz;L ...........,y; epWtg;gl;lJ. 6. f[h #whtsp - jkpo;ehL (2016)
7. xf;fp #whtsp - xuprh (2019)
s.
58. tsu;r;rpiaj; J}z;Lk; gRtpypUe;J ngwg;gl;l
Ie;J nghUl;fspd; fyit ................ vdg;gLk;. 8. Ngj;j #whtsp - jkpo;ehL (2018)
es
59. gQ;rfht;ahtpy; cs;s nghUl;fs; ..................... 9. tu;jh #whtsp - jkpo;ehL (2018)
10. Fspu;fhyj;jpy; ................ ehl;bypUe;J nfhf;Ffs;
tUfpd;wd.
pr
11. irgPupah fpNud; xU ehspy; ruhrupahf ............
iky;fs; gazpf;fpwJ.
ex
12. cyfpd; 80 %f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l ,dq;fs; .............

fhLfspy; cs;sd.
13. cyfpd; kpfg;ngupa kiof;fhL ...................
vi
14. mNkrhd; fhL ........... ehl;by; cs;sJ.

60. tpijfs; .......... epkplq;fSf;F gQ;rfht;af; 15. mNkrhd; fhL ............. gug;gsTilaJ.
l
ka
fiurypy; Cw itf;fg;gLfpwJ. 16. mNkrhd; fhL ............ msT Mf;rp[id cw;gj;jp

61. mRtpdp g+r;rpfis cl;nfhs;Sk; nfhd;Wz;zp nra;fpd;wJ.
g+r;rp ................ 17. mNkrhd; fhLfspy; ............. kuq;fs; cs;sd.
w.
62. gokuq;fspy; fhzg;gLk; nfhd;Wz;zp g+r;rp..... 18. mNkrhd; fhL ............ vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
63. gpshf; ePy; Nfg;grpL g+r;rp ................ g+r;rpfis 19. r%f tdtpay; vd;w nrhy; mKYf;F te;j
ww
cz;ZfpwJ. Mz;L ...................

64. ............... capupay; g+r;rpf;nfhy;ypahf gad;gLk; 20. 1977-,y; nfd;ahtpy; gr;irg;
xU tif g+Q;irahFk;. gl;il ,af;fj;ij epWtpau;....
65. gUj;jp> Nrhsj;jhtuq;fis ghjpf;Fk; g+r;rp..... 21. gr;irg;gl;il ,af;fk; .............
66. nygplhg;Buh G+r;rpfis fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; ghf;Bupah kpy;ypDf;Fk; mjpfkhd kuq;
..................... fis el;Ls;sJ.
67. ................ xU ey;y g+r;rp tpul;;bahFk;. 22. 2004-Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd mikjpf;fhd Nehgy;
68. mrhbuf;bd; ................ ,iyapypUe;J ngwg;gLk;. gupirg; ngw;wtu; .......................
69. kdpjdhy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;l Muk;gfhy g+r;rpf; 23. ................ vd;gJ Kjypy; kuq;fis ,y;yhj
nfhy;ypfspy; xd;W ................. ,iyahFk;. xU gFjpapy; fhLfis tsu;g;gJ MFk;.
70. ................. xU ny$k; jhtuk; MFk;. 24. fhLfs; mopf;fg;gl;l epyg;gFjpfspy; kuq;fis
71. ny$k; jhtu Ntu;Kbr;Rfspy; thOk; ghf;Bupah kPz;Lk; elT nra;tJ ................ vdg;gLk;.
.................. 25. jhtuq;fs; my;yJ kuq;fs; ntl;lg;gLk;NghJ
72. ,aw;if kiof;F xg;ghd ePug ; hrd Kiw ........ mJ ................. vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
73. kz;GO nray;ghL cs;s xU mikg;gpd; 26. ,e;jpahtpy; fpl;lj;jl;l ................. tifahd
topahf ePiu nrYj;jpa gpwF Nrfupf;fg;gLk; jhtuq;fs; kw;Wk; tpyq;Ffs; Mgj;jhd
Xu; jputk; ................ MFk;. epiyapy; cs;sd.
 27. cyf gy;Yapu; jpdk; ..................
28. ,e;jpahtpy; Mgj;jhd epiyapYs;s tpyq;Ffs; 50. rptg;G juT Gj;jfj;ij guhkupg;gJ .................
................> ...................> ................. ................> ..................... 51. (IUCN) ,aw;if ghJfhg;Gf;fhd ru;tNjr
nghUj;Jf: Kf;fpa jpdq;fs; xd;wpak; epWtg;gl;l Mz;L ..............
29. cyf fhLfs; jpdk; - khu;r; 22 52. rptg;G juT Gj;jfj;jpy; mope;JNghd
30. cyf ePu; jpdk; - [_d; 28 capupdq;fSf;F ................. tz;z Fwpaplg;gl;l
31. Rw;Wr;#oy; jpdk; - khu;r; 21 jhs;fs; cs;sd.
32. cyf ,aw;ifghJfhg;G jpdk; - nrg;. 16 53. rptg;G juT Gj;jfj;jpy; Mgj;jpy; cs;s
33. XNrhd; jpdk; - [_d; 05 capupdq;fSf;F ................. tz;z Fwpaplg;gl;l
34. ............... G+r;rp ,e;jpahtpy; kiwe;J tUfpwJ. jhs;fs; cs;sd.
35. Mgj;jhd epiyapYs;s jhtuq;fs; ............> ......... nghUj;Jf:
................. ...................... 54. WWF - ,e;jpa tpyq;fpay; Ma;T
36. ....... taJf;F Fiwthd ,dq;fs; ,Ue;jhy; 55. ZSI - kj;jpa khR fl;Lg;ghl;L thupak;
me;j ,dq;fs; Mgj;jpy; cs;sJ vdyhk;. 56. BRP - cyf tdtpyq;F epjp
37. ,dq;fspd; nkhj;j njhif ................f;Fk; 57. CPCB - capu;fN ; fhs ,Ug;G jpl;lk;
Fiwthf ,Ue;jhy;> me;j ,dq;fs; Mgj;jpy; 58. WWF vd;gjd; tpupT ........................
cs;sJ vdyhk;. 59. ZSI vd;gjd; tpupT ...........................
in
38. jkpofj;jpd; khepy gl;lhk;G+r;rp ..................... 60. BRP vd;gjd; tpupT .........................
39. Vkd; gl;lhk;g+r;rp fhzg;gLk; ,lq;fs; ............. 61. CPCB vd;gjd; tpupT .....................
s.
40. Nkw;Fj;njhlu;r;rp kiyapy; ..................... tifg; 62. IUCN vd;gjd; tpupT .....................
gl;lhk;g+r;rp ,dq;fs; cs;sd. 63. ............... xU Fwpg;gpl;l ,lj;jpd;
es
41. .......... kw;Wk; ......... Mfpait G+ut ; f P kuq;fshFk;.
vz;zpf;ifia kjpg;gPL nra;a cjTfpwJ.
42. jpl;lg;Gyp vd;gJ ...................
64. cyf tdtpyq;F jpdk; ................
43. tdtpyq;F ghJfhg;G jpl;lk; njhlq;fg;gl;l
pr
65. cyfstpy; milahsk; fhzg;gl;l gy;Yapu;
Mz;L .....................
ntg;gg;gFjpfspd; vz;zpf;if ..............
44. tdtpyq;F ghJfhg;G jpl;lj;jpd; Nehf;fk; ........
66. ,e;jpahtpy; kl;Lk; ................... gy;Yapu; ntg;gg;
ex
45. jpl;lg;Gyp ............ md;W nray;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.

gFjpfs; cs;sd.
46. Gypj; jpl;lj;jpd;fo P ; %lg;gl;l ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy;
67. ............> .............> ..............> kw;Wk; .............. Mfpait
Njrpa g+q;fh ....................
vi
47. 2006,y; ,e;jpahtpy; Gypfspd; vz;zpf;if...... ,e;jpahtpy; cs;s gy;Yapu; ntg;gg;gFjpfs;

48. 2018,y; ,e;jpahtpy; Gypfspd; vz;zpf;if...... 68. ,e;jpah> IUCN khepy cWg;gpduhd Mz;L.....
l
69. ,e;jpahtpy; IUCN mYtyfk; epWtg;gl;l

ka
49. mupjhd kw;Wk; Mgj;jhd epiyapYs;s

capupdq;fisg; gjpT nra;Ak; Nfhg;G .............. Mz;L ................ ,lk;...................
70. MoEFCC vd;gJ ......................
,e;jpahtpy; tdtpyq;Ffis ghJfhf;f 71. ,e;jpahtpy; ............. Njrpa G+q;fhf;fs; cs;sd.
w.
muR nray;gLj;jpa rl;lq;fs;-Mz;Lfs; 72. ,e;jpahtpy; ............. ruzhyaq;fs; cs;sd.

ww
 nkl;uh]; 73. ,e;jpahtpy; .......capu;fN; fhs ,Ug;Gfs; cs;sd.

tdtpyq;Fr; rl;lk; 1873 74. .............................. gFjpapy; tdtpay;> Nka;rr ; y;
my;yJ rhFgb Nghd;w kdpj eltbf;iffs;
 mfpy ,e;jpa ahid mDkjpf;fg;glhJ.
ghJfhg;Gr; rl;lk; 1879
75. Njrpa G+q;fhf;fs; .......... Kjy; .... gug;gsitf;
 fhl;Lg;gwit kw;Wk; nfhz;Ls;sd.
tpyq;F ghJfhg;Gr; 76. cj;jufz;l; khepyj;jpy; cs;s Njrpa g+q;fh
rl;lk; 1912 ..................... (njhlq;fg;gl;l Mz;L .................)
 tq;fhs fhz;lkpUfr; 77. cj;jpugpuNjrk; khepyj;jpy; cs;s Njrpa g+qf ; h
rl;lk; 1932 ..................... (njhlq; f g; g l; l Mz; L .................)
78. F[uhj; khepyj;jpy; cs;s Njrpa g+q;fh
 mfpy ,e;jpa tdtpyq;F ..................... (njhlq;fg;gl;l Mz;L .................)
ghJfhg;Gr; rl;lk; 1972
79. kj;jpagpuNjrk; khepyj;jpy; cs;s Njrpa g+q;fh
 Rw;Wr;#oy; ..................... (njhlq;fg;gl;l Mz;L .................)
ghJfhg;Gr; rl;lk; 1986 80. Nkw;Ftq;fk; khepyj;jpy; cs;s Njrpa g+q;fh
..................... (njhlq;fg;gl;l Mz;L .................)
81. nrd;idapy; cs;s Njrpa g+q;fh .....................
(epWtg;gl;l Mz;L .................)
82. ,uhkehjGuj;jpy; cs;s Njrpa g+qf ; h ..................... 113. ,q;fpyhe;jpd; yz;ld; njUf;fspy; Ntiy
(epWtg;gl;l Mz;L .................) nra;Ak; Fjpiufisg; guhkupg;gjw;fhf ................
83. Nfhak;Gj;J}upy; cs;s Njrpa g+q;fh ..................... epWtg;gl;lJ>
(epWtg;gl;l Mz;L .................) 114. g;S fpuh]; jdJ Kjy; tpyq;F kUj;Jt-
84. ePyfpupapy; cs;s Njrpa g+q;fhf;fs; ..........> kidia .................. md;W ................. gFjpapy;
........... (epWtg;gl;l Mz;L .................) jpwe;jJ.
85. .............................. gFjpapy; tdtpay;> Nka;rr ; y; 115. Mrpahtpd; kpfg;ngupa tpyq;F ey mikg;G....
my;yJ rhFgb Nghd;w kdpj eltbf;iffs; 116. GS fpuhi] ,e;jpahtpy; epWtpatu; ...............
mDkjpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. 117. PETA (ngl;lh) ................. vd;gjhFk;.
86. ............ khepy my;yJ kj;jpa rl;lkd;wj;jhy; 118. cyfpd; kpfg;ngupa tpyq;F cupik mikg;G
cUthf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ........................
87. xU Njrpa g+q;fhit ..................w;F jukpwf;f 119. PETA (ngl;lh) epWtg;gl;l Mz;L .................
KbahJ 120. PETA (ngl;lh) epWtpatu;fs; ...................> .....................
88. nghJkf;fspd; ghu;itf;F jpwf;fg;gLtJ ............ 121. PETA (ngl;lh) mYtyfk; cs;s ,lk; .............
89. nghJkf;fspd; ghu;itf;F jpwf;fg;glhjJ ............ 122. .............. vd;gJ tpyq;Ffs; kPjhd Nrhjidfspd;
90. Njdp khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s tdtpyq;F fl;Lg;ghL kw;Wk; Nkw;ghu;itf;fhd FOit
in
ruzhyak; ................ (epWtg;gl;l Mz;L.............) Fwpf;fpwJ.
91. nrd;id khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s tdtpyq;F 123. tpyq;FfSf;fhd nfhLikapypUe;J
s.
ruzhyak; ................ (epWtg;gl;l Mz;L.............) ghJfhf;Fk; rl;lk; Mz;L ................. kw;Wk;
92. jpUney;Ntyp khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s tdtpyq;F mjd;gb mikf;fg;gl;l rl;lf;FO ...................
es
ruzhyak; ................ (epWtg;gl;l Mz;L.............) 124. Fwpg;gpl;l gFjpapy; kl;LNk fhzg;gLk;
93. tpUJefu; khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s tdtpyq;F jhtuq;fs; kw;Wk; tpyq;Ffs; .............. vdg;gLk;.
ruzhyak; ................ (epWtg;gl;l Mz;L.............) 125. xU Fwpg;gpl;l gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; epfOk;
pr
94. fhQ;rpGuk; khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s tdtpyq;F tpyq;Ffspd; tho;fi ; f gw;wp ............... $WfpwJ.
ruzhyak; ................ (epWtg;gl;l Mz;L.............) 
ex
95. capu;f;Nfhs ,Ug;gpd; gug;gsT Rkhu; ...............

rJu fpNyhkPl;lu; ,Uf;Fk;. 25 fhl;rpj; njhlu;gpay;
96. cj;jpug;gpuNjrj;jpy; cs;s capu;fN; fhsk;...............
vi
97. Nkfhyahtpy; cs;s capu;fN ; fhsk; ...............

98. m];]hkpy; cs;s capu;fN ; fhsk; ...............
l
ka
99. Nkw;Ftq;fj;jpy; cs;s capu;fN ; fhsk; ...............

100. jkpo;ehl;bYs;s capu;Nfhsq;fs; .........> ........... 1. ................. rf;jp tha;e;j
kw;Wk; ,ytr mYtyf
101 me;jkhdpy; cs;s capu;fN ; fhsk; ...............
w.
gad;ghl;L nkd;nghUs;.
102. ,e;jpahtpy; ............. capupay; G+q;fhf;fs; cz;L
2. Nju;en ; jLj;j ciuia
103. cyfpd; kpfTk; goikahd kpUff;fhl;rprhiy...
efnyLf; f gad; g Lk;
ww
104. ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; kpUff;fhl;rp rhiy..................

tpirg;gyif FWf;Ftop
Mz;L ................ ,lj;jpy; epWtg;gl;lJ.
.................
105. cyfpd; kpfg;ngupa tpij tq;fp ..................
106. f;iuNah tq;fpapy; xU tpij my;yJ 3. Nju;e;njLj;j ciuia ntl;l gad;gLk;
xU fU jput iel;[dpy; ......... ntg;gepiyapy; tpirg;gyif FWf;Ftop .................
ghJfhf;fg;gLfpwJ. 4. Mtzj;ijr; Nrkpf;f gad;gLk; nkD ...............
107. PBR vd;gJ ...................... 5. jpiuapy; &yu; njupahtpl;lhy; .......... fpspf;
108. capupay; gd;Kfj;jd;ik rl;l Mz;L .............. nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
109. Mw;wy;nfhz;l Ntjpf;Nru;kk; ,aw;if #o;epiy 6. ypg;nu Mgp]; iul;lupy; ........... tifahd gf;f
fhuzpfSf;F mg;ghw;gl;L> Rw;Wg;Gwj;jpYs;s mikTfs; cs;sd.
msitf;fhl;bYk; gd;klq;F ngUfp mit 7. vOj;Jfis jbkdhf;f gad;gLk; tpirg;gyif
capu;fSf;Fs; Nru;tNj .............. MFk;. FWf;Ftop ...............
110. g;S fpuh]; vd;gJ ................ ,y; gjpT 8. vOj;Jfis rha;g;gjw;F gad;gLk;
nra;ag;gl;l tpyq;F ey njhz;L MFk;. tpirg;gyif FWf;Ftop ...............
111. g;S fpuh]; 1897,y; ................. vd;W epWtg;gl;lJ. 9. vOj;Jfis mbf;Nfhbl gad;gLk;
112. xt;nthU nry;yg;gpuhzpAk; kfpo;r;rpahd tpirg;gyif FWf;Ftop ...............
MNuhf;fpakhd tho;f;ifia mDgtpf;f 10. Nju;e;njLj;j ciuia xl;l gad;gLk;
Ntz;Lk; vd;gNj .................,d; Nehf;fkhFk;. tpirg;gyif FWf;Ftop .................
54.1800/  2. tpirAk; mOj;jKk;
vl;lhk; tFg;G mwptpapy; 55.jsf;Nfhzk;
Kjy; gUtk; 56. /3 1. ,Oj;jy; : js;Sjy;
2. ntf;lu;
57.450
1. mstPl;bay; 58.jpz;kf;Nfhzk;
3. vz;kjpg;G : jpir
4. epA+l;ld; (N)
1. mstPl;bay; 59.jpz;kf;Nfhzk;
5. vz;kjpg;G : gug;G
2. fUtp> jpl;lmsT> 60.];l;Nubad; (sr)
6. ce;Jtpir
Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;l myF 61.jpz;kf;Nfhzk;
7. epA+l;ld; (N)
3. nkl;upf; myFKiw 62.];l;Nubad;
8. gh];fy;(Pa) my;yJ Nm-2
4. gjpd;k myFKiw 63.top
9. 1 Nm-2
5. FPS myFKiw 64.xg;Gik fbfhuq;fs;
10. njhLgug;G
6. FPS myFKiw vz;zpyf;ff; fbfhuq;fs;
11. tpir : gug;G
7. gTz;L 65. Fthu;l;]; fbfhuq;fs;
12. 10000 Nm-2 (or) 104 Nm-2
8. 1960> ghup];efu;(gpuhd;];) mZf;fbfhuq;fs;
13. tspkz;ly mOj;jk;
9. gpnuQ;R 66. tpehb Ks;
14. ghNuhkPl;lu;
10. 7 67. xg;Gik tiff; fbfhuq;fs;
15. lhupnry;yp 16. FiwfpwJ
11. nfy;tpd; (K) 68. kpd;dpay; fbfhuq;fs;
17. khwhJ 18. 800 C
69. kpd;dD miyTfs;
in
12. Mk;gpau; (A)
19. 76 nr.kP. my;yJ 760 kp.kP.
13. $Yk; 70. 109 tpdhbf;F
20. epa+l;ld; (m) gh];fy;
s.
14. Nkhy; (mol) 71. gbfj;jpd; mOj;j kpd;gz;G
21. 1.01 x 105 Nm-2
15. Nfz;byh (cd) 72. mZf;fbfhuq;fs;
22. gha;kq;fs;
es
16. ntg;gepiy 73. 1013 tpdhbf;F
23. kpjf;Fk; 24. tbtk;
17. ntg;gepiy 74. mZf;fbfhuq;fs;
25. khNdhkPl;lu; 26. cauj;ij
18. mfr;rptg;G fjpu; 75. mZf;fbfhuq;fs;
pr
27. mOj;jk; mjpfupg;gpd;
ntg;gepiykhdpfs; 76. 1949 : mnkupf;fh
28. gh];fy; tpjp
0
19. 0 C 77. <rhd; kw;Wk; [hf;ngd;dp (1955)
29. gh];fy; tpjp
ex
20. 100 C0 78. fpuPd;tpr; (,q;fpyhe;J)

30. gug;G ,Otpir
79. 150 : 24
21. 31. gug;G ,Otpir
80. 1 kzp Neuk;
vi
32. gug;G ,Otpir

22. 353 23. 27 81. kpu;rhg+u; (cj;jpugpuNjrk;)
33. jputq;fspd;
24. 00C 25. 1000C 82. fpupd;trP ; ruhrupNeuk;+5.30 kzp
l
34. gug;G ,Otpir : Nm-1

ka
26. 100 0
27. 32 F 83. Jy; y paj; jd;ik
35. iryk; jpRf;fs;
28. 2120F 29. 180 84. mstpLjypy; El;gk;
36. Nfhs tbtk;
30. 273 K 31. 373 K 85. Njhuha Kiw
37. gug;G ,Otpir
w.
32. 100 33. /ghud;`Pl; 86. 75 87. 1.86

38. ghfpay; tpir
34. nfy;tpd; 35. nry;rpa]; 88. 1.87 89. 1971
39. gha;y;
ww
36. kpd;Ndhl;lk; 90. vyf;l;uhd;fs;

40. Kg m-1 s-1 (m) N s m-2
37. kpd;D}l;lj;jpd; msT / fhyk; 91. Neu;jftpy; 41. cuha;T tpir
(Q/t) 92. fz;ZW xsp
42. epiy cuha;T : ,af;f cuha;T
38. Mk;gpau; 93. gd;dhl;L myFKiw
43. fapw;wpy; cs;s Kbr;R
39. mk;kPl;lu; 94. top msTfs;
44. eOT cuha;T :cUSk; cuha;T
40. 30 K (m) (-243.2 C)0 95. gpio 45. cuha;T 46. ntg;gj;ij
41. kPff; lj;jpfs; 96. 6.023 x 1023 47. njhLgug;ig
42. I = 0.2 A 97. 1 Kiw 48. caTg; nghUs;
43. 6.023 x 1023 98. 1/60 49. mOj;jk; 50. cuha;T
44. xspkhdp (Photometer) 99. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; rup. 51. Fiwe;j Ntfj;jpy; ,aq;Fk;.
45. xspr;nrwpT Mdhy; fhuzk; $w;Wf;F 52. fpuP]; 53. 2 x 105 Nm-2
46. Nfz;byh rupahd tpsf;fkd;W. 54. mOj;jj;ijf; Fiwf;f
47. xspkhdp> xspr;nrwpTkhdp 100. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; rup. 55. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; rup.
48. Y}nkd; Mdhy; fhuzk; $w;iw Mdhy; fhuzk; $w;iw
49. Y}nkd; rupahf tpsf;FfpwJ. rupahf tpsf;FfpwJ.
50. jsf;Nfhzk; 101. $w;W rupahdJ. Mdhy; 56. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; rup.
51. Nubad; (rad) fhuzk; jtwhdit. Mdhy; fhuzk; $w;Wf;F
52. Nubad; 102. $w;W jtW. Mdhy; fhuzk; rup rupahd tpsf;fkd;W.
53. 1800 103. $w;W jtW. Mdhy; fhuzk; rup 57. $w;W rup. fhuzk; jtW 33
3.xspapay; 51. xspapd; gd;Kf vjpnuhspg;G 14. ,urthjk;
1. Neu;Nfhl;by; 52. xsp vjpnuhspj;jy; tpjp 15. [hd; N[fg; ngu;rpy;ypa];
2. Mb 53. 450 (1813)
3. tise;j gug;Gila 54. ngup];Nfhg; 16. nehgpypak;
4. tise;j 55. xspapio ngup];Nfhg; 17. ghjurk; (nku;Fup)
5. Ftpe;j 56. 3 x 108 kPtp-1 18. jq;fj;jpd;
6. Fop 57. Nehf;fp tpyfilAk;. 19. Nrhbak; : nghl;lhrpak;
7. Fop Mb 58. tpl;L tpyfilAk;. 20. M];kpak;
8. Ftp Mb 59. xspapd; jpirNtfk; 21. jpupGjhq;Fk; gz;G (m)
9. Ftp Mb 60. mjpfkhFk; ,Otpir typik
10. gutisa Mbfs; 61. xsptpyfy; vz; 22. Jj;jehfk;> Mu;rdpf;>
11. vjpnuhspf;Fk;: 62. jdpj;j xsptpyfy; vz; Mz;bkdp
NubNah 63. 1.0 23. nts;sp> jhkpuk;
12. gutisa Mbfs; 64. 1.33 24. gp];kj;> lq;];ld;
13. gutisa Mbfs; 65. 1.36 25. mNyhfq;fs;
14. fpupf;Nfh - Nuhkd; 66. 1.41 26. ituk;
15. ilNahfps;]; 67. 1.5 27. fhu;gd;
68.
in
16. vupf;Fk; Mbfs; 1.56 28. fhu;gd;> rpypf;fd;> Nghuhd;
17. ,gpd; \hy; 69. 2.41 29. fpuh/igl;
s.
18. n`d;wp nù;l;]; 70. 1.5 30. khq;fdPR : mYkpdpak;
(1888-n[u;kdp) 71. 2 x 108 kPtp-1
31. mYkpdpak;
es
19. tisT ikak; : C 72. 1.125
32. fhuPak;
20. Mb ikak; : P 73. ];ney;
33. fe;jfk;
pr
21. tisT Muk; : R 74. sin i   34. gh];gu];
22. Kjd;ik mr;R sin r 35. iel;u[d;
23. Ftpak; : F 75. miyePsj;jpw;F 36. i`l;u[d;
ex
24. Ftpaj;njhiyT 76. rptg;G 37. cNyhfq;fs;

25. Ftpaj;njhiyT 77. Cjh 38. mNyhfq;fs;
26. tisT Muk; : 2 78. #upad; ,Uf;Fk; jpirf;F 39. rpypf;fhd;
vi
27. 10 nr.kP vjpu;jpirapy; 40. Nghuhd;

28. 12.5 nr.kP
l
79. thdtpy; Njhw;wk; 41. 1, 2

ka
29. 14 nr.kP 81. fiylh];Nfhg; 42. 1 : 2

30. 20 nr.kP 82. Nfhsf Mb 43. 8 : 1
31. nka;gpk;gk; : khagpk;gk; 83. tisT Muk;
w.
44. Rz;zf;fl;b : nuhl;b Nrhlh

32. nka; gpk;gk; 84. c / v 45. Gujk; : fhu;Ngh i`l;Nul;
33. kha gpk;gk;
46. Nrhbak; FNshiuL
ww
34. Ftp Mb 4.gUg;nghUs;fs; 47. Rf;Nuh];

35. C-,y;
1. mZ 48. Nrhbak; ig fhu;gNdl;
36. Ff;Fk; P-f;Fk;
2. %yf;$W 49. Nrhbak; fhu;gNdl;
(Ftpaj;jpw;Fk; - Mb ikaj;jpw;Fk;)
3. madpfs; 50. fhy;rpak; Mf;]p FNshiuL
37. Fop Mb
38. Ftp Mb 4. FwpaPL 51. fhy;rpak; Mf;i]L
5. Gwh 52. fhy;rpak; i`l;uhf;i]L
39. xsp vjpnuhspj;jy;
40. vjpnuhspg;G NfhzKk; 53. fhy;rpak; fhu;gNdl;
41. 450 54. ryit Nrhlh
6. 7. 55. Rl;l Rz;zhk;G
42. nts;sp
43. xOq;fhd : xOq;fw;w 56. jhkpu ry;Ngl;
44. xOq;fhd 57. ,Uk;G ry;Ngl;
8. 9.
45. xOq;fw;w vjpnuhspg;G 58. thA
46. xOq;fw;w vjpnuhspg;G 59. Mu;rdpf;> n[u;khdpak;
10. 11. 60. ghjurk;
47. 3600
1 61. fhu;gd; ,iofs;

48. Kbtpyh 62. fpuh/igl;
49. 3 12. 13. 63. tpl;bupahy; vz;nza;
50. 7 64. fhy;rpak; ry;Ngl; 34
5.ek;ikr; Rw;wp epfOk; 16. n`ypNfhghf;lu; igNyhup 65. vl;tu;L n[d;du;
khw;wq;fs; 17. bg;Nghfhf;f]; 66. MMR
1. Ntjpkhw;wk; 18. ];l;nug;Nlhfhf;f]; 67. BCG
2. ePw;Wr;Rz;zhk;G 19. ];iligNyhfhf;f]; 68. rpijg;gitfs;
3. nghl;lhrpak; FNshNul;Lk; 20. tpg;upNah fhyuh 69. iuNrhgpak;
Md;bkdp biury;igLk; 21. tpg;upNah fhyuh 70. raNdhghf;Bupah> eh];lhf;
4. rptg;G gh];gu]; 22. #NlhNkhd]; 71. Ngrpy;y]; Jupd;Qpad;]p];
5. ikf;Nfy; ghuNl 23. NuhNlh];igupy;yk; &guk; 72. biuf;Nfhnlu;kh
6. ntg;gk; 24. v.Nfhiy 73. ghf;FNyh itu];
7. Rz;zhk;Gf;fy; 25. Nfhupdp ghf;Bupak; bg;jPupa 74. nkj;jNdh ghf;Bupaq;fs;
8. xsp 26. raNdhghf;Bupak; 75. nkj;jNdhn[d;fs;
9. ];l;ul;Nlh];gpau; 27. v.Nfhiy 76. kpUJthf;Fjy;
10. XNrhd; 28. v.Nfhiy (nkd;ikahf;Fjy;)
11. tpidNtfkhw;wp 29. gpsj;jy; 77. #NlhNkhd]; VU[pNdh]h
12. cNyhf ,Uk;G 30. gr;irak; 78. Nyf;Nlh Ngrpy;y];
13. epf;fy; 31. A+NfupNahl;bf; 79. gd;dPu;
14. vd;irk;fs; : <];lL; fs; 32. <];l; 80. yhf;Nlh Ngrpy;y];
33. ngdprpypak;> fhshd; mrpl;Nlh/gpy];
in
15. GUtuP];
16. nehjpj;jy; 34. ikf;fhy[p 81. v.Nfhiy
s.
17. i`l;u[d; ry;igL 35. 70,000 82. yhf;Nlh Ngrpy;y];
18. ghypgPdhy; Mf;rpNlh]; 36. irNk]; mrpl;Nlh/gpy];
es
(ilNuhrpNd];) 37. nkhl;LtpLjy; 83. /g;S fha;r;ry;
19. nkydpd; 38. fdp 84. ikf;Nfhghf;Bupak;
39. Jz;lhjy; : bA+gu;FNshrp];
pr
20. JU
21. kpd;dhw;gFg;G ];Nghu; cUthjy; 85. ,d;GSad;]h itu];
22. Crpg;Nghjy; 40. ifl;bd;> nry;YNyh]; 86. Nugp];
ex
23. vd;irk; my;yJ nehjp 41. iuNrhg];> ngdprpypak; 87. Nug;Nlh tpupb
24. Ntjp mfhupf]; 88. vz;lkPgh `p];lhiybfh
25. ,ay;epiyapy; Nru;jy; 42. gf;rPdpah> my;GNfh> 89. kNyupah
vi
26. a+upah c];bNyhNfh 90. gpsh];Nkhbak;

43. ikf;Nfhiurh 91. Fapidd;> FNshNuhFapd;
l
27. Nrhbak; FNshiuL

ka
28. mkpykio 44. a+NfupNahl;bf; 92. Mg;Nuhitu]; : FMD jLg;G+rp

29. FNshupd;> i`l;u[d; 45. igfhy[p 93. Me;j;uhf;];
30. FNshNuh GNshNuh fhu;gd; 46. fpshkpNlhNkhd]; 94. rhe;NjhNkhdh];
w.
31. ntg;g ckpo;tpid 47. ru;fhrk; Mf;]NdhNghb];

32. ntg;g Ntjptpid 48. fpshkpNlhNkhd]; 95. igl;Nlhigj;Njhuh
ww
49. gpA+Nfhrhe;jpd;> rhe;Njh/gpy; ,d;ng];ld;];

6.Ez;Zapupfs; igNfhvupj;upd;> 96. bupg;NdhNrhNkh
igNfh radpd; 97. nrl;rP vDk; <f;fs; fbg;gjd;
1. kuGg;nghUs; : Gujk; 50. tpyq;F 98. gjg;gLj;Jy; (gh];bNun]rd;)
2. tp\k; 51. a+NfupNahl;bf; 99. gjg;gLj;Jy;
3. itu]; 52. GNuhl;Nlh tpyq;fpay; 100. Y}ap]; gh];lu;
4. ituhy[p 53. 2 - 200 ikf;uhd; 101. 700 C : 100 C
5. 10000 54. ghukPrpak; 102. GNuhgahl;bf;Ffs;
6. Ngf;Bupah Ng[; 55. A+f;spdh 103. yhf;NlhNgrpy;y];
7. ,d;/GSd;]h 56. #NlhNghbah mrpl;Nlhgpy];
8. Gifapiy nkhirf; itu]; 57. mkPgh 104. iggpNlhghf;Bupak; iggplk;
9. GNuhNfupahl;Lfs; 58. gpsh];Nkhbak; 105. iggpNlhghf;Bupak; /gpupNt
(cl;fU mw;wit) 59. vjpu; capu;fn; fhy;yp kUe;J 106. gpupahd;
10. ghf;Bupaq;fs; 60. ru;. mnyf;]hz;lu; gpsk;kpq; 107. gpupahd;
11. nkhdpuh (1928) 108. %isapd; mikg;G
12. 1 m : 5 m 61. ngdprpypak; fpiuNrh[Pdk; euk;Gj; jpRf;fs;
13. 70 S 62. ngd;rpypd; 109. Fapl;];ngy;l; N[f;fg; Neha;
14. ehd;F 63. ];l;nug;Nlhikrpd; FU
15. Ngrpy;y]; Me;j;uhrp]; 64. vl;tu;L n[d;du; 110. tpupahd;
35
111. Nfg;rpl; 112. ikf;uhd; 43. /GNshupbad; ];lhu;r; 95. [pq;NfhigNyhgh
113. itu]; 114. jhy]; 44. ];igUypdh> FNshnuy;yh 96. igd];
115. tpupahd; 45. NykpNdupah> m];Nfhgpy;yk; 97. xU tpj;jpiyj;
116. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; rup. 46. eh];lhf;> mdgPdh 98. ,U tpj;jpiyj;
Mdhy; fhuzk; $w;iw 47. rptg;G ghrp 99. mfhyp/gh ,z;bfh
rupahf tpsf;FfpwJ. 48. mfu; mfu; 100. A+/Nghu;gpNarp
117. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; ,uz;Lk; 49. n[yPbak;> fpNurpNyupah 101. Vfpy; khu;kpNyh];
jtW. 50. gOg;G 102. &l;Nlrp
51. FNshnuy;yh /igupdha;Nlhrh 103. nrhyhdk; biunyhNgl;lk;
7.jhtu cyfk; 52. FNshnuy;yh /igupdha;Nlhrh 104. nrhyNdrp
1. 8.7 kpy;ypad; 53. ];igUypdh> FNshnuy;yh 105. /gpy;yhe;j]; mkhu];
2. 6.5 kpy;ypad; 54. ]PNdhirl;bf; ikrPypak; 106. a+/Nghu;gpNarp
3. 2.2 kpy;ypad; 55. fpisf;Nfh[d; ::: vz;nza; 107. fPohney;yp
4. 4 ,yl;rk; 56. W.khu;l;bd; 1961 108. mNyh ntuh
5. Ie;J 57. mfhupf]; (nghj;jhd; fhshd;) 109. ypy;ypNarp
6. tifg;gLj;Jjy; 58. ngdprpypd;> epNahikrpd; 110. nlupNlh/igl;Lfs;
7. tpjpfs; n[d;lhikrpd;> vupj;Nuhikrpd; 111.%ba ngl;b
59. M];gpah Nfh];gP 112. tpij
in
8. mf];bd; igukp]; bNfz;Nlhy;
9. nraw;if tifg;ghl;L Kiw vupNkhjPrpak; M];gpaP 113. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; rup.
s.
10. ypd;Nda]; Kiw 60. R.H. tpl;Nlf;fu; Mdhy; fhuzk; $w;iw
11. ];gPrp]; gpshd;lhuk; 61. %d;whtJ rupahf tpsf;FfpwJ.
es
12. nge;jk; ::: `_f;fu; 62. /gpA+Nrupak; Mf;rp];Nghuk; 114. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; rup.
13. ,aw;if tifg;ghl;L Kiw 63. nru;f;Nfh];Nghuh 115. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; rup.
14. n[dpuh gpshd;lhuk; ngu;nrhNdl;lh Mdhy; fhuzk; $w;iw
pr
15. n[dpuh gpshd;lhuk; 64. Nfhyplhl;iuf;fk; /gy;Nfl;lk; rupahf tpsf;FfpwJ.
16. %d;W 65. igupFNyupah xiuNr
ex
17. tiyg;gpd;dy; 66. my;GNfh Nfz;byh

18. Mzp Ntu; 67. fpshtpnrg;]; gu;g+upah
8.capupdq;fspd;
19. ehd;F ::: Ie;J 68. m];gu;[py;y];
mikg;G epiyfs;
vi
20. ,izg;Nghf;F 69. fpshNlh];Nghupak; 1. nry;fs;

21. ry;yp Ntu; 70. biuNfh/igl;lhd; 2. capupdq;fspd; mikg;G myF
l
3. my;Gkpd;
ka
22. %d;W 71. ikf;Nfh];Nghuk; /gu;/gu;

23. [pk;Ndh];ngu;k; 72. Bdpah ngb]; 4. nry;fs;
24. irf;fNlrp> Nfhdpg;/ngNu 73. gpiuNah/igl;lh 5. ikf;uhd; (  )
w.
ePl;Nlrp 74. ngdprpypd; 6. 1000

25. jpwe;jtpijj; jhtuq;fs; 75. CNfk]; 7. 0.5 Kjy; 20 ikf;uhd;
,uj;j rptg;gZf;fs; : 7  m
ww
26. khQ;rp/nguh ,z;bfh 76. `pg;ghl;bf;Nf 8.

27. fNuhy]; ypd;Nda]; 77. upf;rpah 9. euk;G nry; : 90 - 100 nr.kP
28. nfhy;fj;jh 78. khr]; (k];fp) 10. 100  m
29. Njrpa b-`p];lhupf; Ner;RuNy 79. /gpA+Ndupah 11. neUg;Gf;Nfhopapd; Kl;il
(ghup]; efu;> gpuhd;];) 80 gpiuNah/igl;Lfs; 170 kp.kP x 130 kp.kP
30. fh];gu;L ghfpd; ::: 1623 81. ];ghf;dk; kh]; 12. ikf;Nfhgpsh];kh: 0.0001 kp.kP
31. jhy]; 82. ];ghf;dk; kh]; 13. %yr;nry;
32. ghrpfs; 83. moF 14. ehd;F (vgpjPypak;> jirj;jpR
33. FNshnuy;yh 84. biuahg;lup]; ,izg;GjpR> euk;Gj;jpR)
34. Nkhf;Nuhrp];b]; 85. khu;rPypah 15. ehd;F
35. thy;thf;]; 86. nlupNlh/igl;Lfs; 16. 10 Kjy; 12 kpy;ypad;
36. Nfuh 87. flj;Jk; jpR G+thj;jhtuk; 17. fhu;dpah (tpopntz;glyk;)
37. ICBN (or) ICN 88. fpsg; ghrp 18. [up]; (fUtpop)
38. mfpy cyf ngau;#l;Lk; 89. <f;tprpl;lk; 19. fz;ghit
rl;lk; 90. l;uhf;fPLfs; 20. tpopj;jpiu (nul;bdh)
39. /gpupl;r; ::: 1935 91. igd];> mfhj;jp]; 21. fz;[q;bth
40. /igNfhradpd; 92. v/gpl;upd; (v/gpl;uh jhtuk;) 22. fz;ghit
41. raNdh/igrpd; 93. irf;f]; 23. mf;Ft]; jputk;
42. /igNfhvupj;jpupd; 94. [pq;NfhigNyhgh (Kd; fz;ziwj; jputk;)
36
24. tpl;upay; jputk; 11. cs;sPl;L myF> 12. ntg;gf; flj;jy;. ntg;grydk;
(gpd; fz;ziwj; jputk;) kj;jpa nray;ghl;L ikak; ntg;gf;fjpu;tPr;R
25. tyJ ntspaPl;L myF 13. ntg;gf;flj;jy;
26. 480 kpy;ypad; 12. tpirg;gyif> Rl;b 14. ntg;gr;rydk;
27. 2000 rJumbf;F Nky; 13. tyJ 15. ntg;gf; fjpu;tr P ;R
my;yJ ekJ clw;gug;igg; 14. ,lJ 16. ntg;gf; flj;jy;
Nghy; 100 klq;F. 15. CPU (ikar; nrayfk;) 17. gUj;jp> fk;gsp> fz;zhb>
28. 15 - 18 16. Arithmatic Logic Unit ,ug;gu;> kuk;> jf;if
29. 25 fzpjj; jUf;fr; nrayfk; 18. gdptPL
30. vspa guty; 17. igl;> fpNyhigl;> nkfh igl;>
19. ntg;gr;rydk;
31. cl;Rthrj;jpd; nluh igl;> [pfh igl;> 20. ntg;gr;rydk;
32. ntspr;Rthrj;jpd; gPl;lh igl;> vf;]h igl;> 21. ntg;gr;rydk;
33. jd;dpiyfhj;jy; n[l;lh igl;> Nahl;lh igl; 22. ntg;gr;rydk;
(N`hkpNah];lhrp];) 18. 1024 23. ntg;gf;fjpu;tPr;R
34. ntg;g 19. 1048576 24. ntg;gf;fjpu;tPr;R
35. ,d;Rypd; 20. Ez;fzpdp 25. fUg;G Nkw;gug;G cila
36. FSf;Nfhfhd; 21. Nkir> kbf;fzpdp> gyif. 26. ntz;ik
22. td;nghUs; 27. 5000 C
in
37. guty;
38. rt;T+L guty; 23. Linux, Windows, Mac, Android
28. [_y; (J)
s.
39. N`hgu; (1902) 24. nkd;nghUs; 29. [_y; (J)
40. CLguty; xOq;FghL 25. ,af;f nkd;nghUs; 30. 1 fNyhup
es
41. mbNdhrpd; biu gh];Ngl; 26. gad;ghl;L nkd;nghUs; 31. 4.189
42. ATP 27. xypg;ngUf;fp> mr;Rg;nghwp>32. 1 fpNyh fNyhup
43. FSf;Nfh]; + Mf;]p[d;  tpuyp 33. 4600
pr
fhu;gd; il Mf;i]L + ePu; 28. ntspaPl;L fUtp 34. ntg;g Vw;Gj;jpwd;
+ Mw;wy;  35. C’
ex
44. FSf;Nfh];  vj;jpy; My;f`hy; 36. fNyhup / 0C

+ fhu;gd; il Mf;i]L + Mw;wy; ,uz;lhk; 37. JK-1
45. tsu;rpij khw;wk; 38. Q /  T
vi
46. fpisf;Nfh[d; gUtk; 39. 300 JK-1

47. FSf;Nfh]; 40. 50 JK-1
l
ka
48. mkpNdhmkpyq;fs; 41. 10000 J

49. CO2 + ePu; kw;Wk; ntg;gk; 42. jd; ntg;g Vw;Gj;jpwd;
50. 19 43. J Kg-1 K-1
w.
51. 36 ATP 44. 4200 J Kg-1 K-1

52. `PNkhFNshgpd; 45. 80 JKg-1 k-1
ww
53. cjutpjhdk; vl;lhk; tFg;G mwptpapy; 46. 16000 J

54. GSuh 47. fNyhupkPl;lu;
55. tsu;rpij khw;wk;
,uz; l hk; gUtk; 48. Md;nlha;d; ytha;rpau;:
56. ];fpspuh (tpopntspg;glyk;) gpaNu irkd; yhg;yh]; (1782)
57. yhf;bf; mkpyk;
10.ntg; g k; 49. nju;kh];lhl;
1. mjpu;TWk; 50. ntg;gk;
9.jfty; njhopy;El;gk; 2. mZf;fs; :: %yf;$Wfs; 51. mNj epiyapy; ,Ug;gJ
Xu; mwpKfk; 3. tpuptiljy; 52. ru; N[k;]; jpthu;
ntg;gepiy cau;T 53. 1892
1. rhu;y]; Ngg;Ng[; epiykhw;wk; 54. ntg;gf;FLit
2. 1942 - 1955 4. jz;lthsq;fs; ntg;gj;jpdhy; 55. thAg;nghUs;
3. 1955 - 1964 tpuptiljhy; 56. ntg;g mstpay;
4. 1964 - 1975 5. cUFjy; 57. mjpfupf;fpwJ
5. 1975 - 1980 6. Mtpahjy; 58. v/F > ePu; > kuk;
6. 1980 - ,d;Wtiu 7. gjq;fkhjy; 59. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; rup.
7. ntw;wplf;Foha; 8. Fspu;jy; fhuzk; $w;iw ed;F
8. xUq;fpize;j Rw;W 9. ciwjy; tpsf;FfpwJ.
9. Ez;nrayp 10. gbjy; 60. $w;W rup.
10. nraw;ifahd Ez;zwpT 11. ePu; Mdhy; fhuzk; jtW.
37
11.kpdd
; pay; 50. njhlupizg;G Rw;W 43. fhy;rpak; fhu;gNdl;
1. [hd; lhy;ld; 51. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; rup. 44. 96 - 97 %
2. &ju;Nghu;bd; jq;f,io fhuzk; $w;Wf;F rupahd 45. 4620 C
3. vyf;l;uhd;fs; tpsf;fk; mspf;fpwJ. 46. nts;sp
4. GNuhl;lhd;> epA+l;uhd; 60. $w;W jtW. 47. fhu;gd; il Mf;irL
5. vyf;l;uhd; Mdhy; fhuzk; rupahdJ. 48. fhu;gd; il Mf;irL (CO2)
6. GNuhl;lhd; ::: vyf;l;uhd; 49. gRik ,y;y thAf;fs;
7. kpd;D}l;lk; 12.fhw;W 50. kioePu;
8. GNuhl;lhd;fs; 51. 5.6
9. vyf;l;uhd;fs; 1. 78.09 % 52. 5.6 I tpl FiwT
10. 1.602 x 10 -19 $Y}k; 2. 20.95 % 53. fhu;gd; il Mf;irL fiue;J
11. cuha;T %yk; ,lkhw;wk; 3. 0.93 % cs;sjhy;
flj;Jjy; %yk; ,lkhw;wk; 4. 0.04 % (0.03 %) 54. mkpy kio
kpd;J}z;ly; %yk; ,lkhw;wk; 5. fhu;gd; Nkhdhf;i]L 55. N`gu; Kiw
12. vjpu; ry;gu; il Mf;i]L 56. Mf;]pn[d;];
13. Neu; : vjpu; 6. C.W. \PNy (1772) 57. Nrhbak; fhu;gNdl;
14. vjpu; : Neu; 7. Mf;]p[d; 58. ePy ypl;kir rptg;ghf khw;Wk
8. Mf;]p[d; 59. mk;Nkhdpah
in
15. flj;Jjy; %yk; ,lkhw;wk;
16. kuG 9. N[hrg; gpup];l;yp (1774) 60. Fsp&l;b (Fspu;gjdg;ngl;b)
s.
17. epiykpd;fhl;b 10. 21 %
11. 88 - 90 % 13.mZ mikg;G
18. tpy;ypak; fpy;gu;l; (1600)
es
19. epiykpd;fhl;b 12. ytha;rpau; 1. 118
20. Xupd kpd;Jfs;fs; 13. mkpy cUthf;fp 2. 92
14. Mf;]p[d; 3. jhkpuk;> ,Uk;G> jq;fk;>
pr
xd;iwnahd;W tpyf;fpf;
nfhs;fpd;wd. 15. Mf;]p[d; nts;sp
21. ntu;nrhupak; 16. <uZ 4. nlf;dPrpak;> GNuhNkhjpak;
ex
22. Mgpufhk; ngdl; : 1787 17. ,U neg;bA+dpak;> GSl;Nlhdpak;

23. kpd;dpwf;fk; 18. XNrhd; 5. ml;lhk];
24. kpd;dy; 19. %tZ 6. cilf;f ,ayhj kpfr;rpwpa
vi
25. Neu; : vjpu; 20. fdkhdJ Jfs;

26. 30,0000 C 21. Au, Pt 7. cilf;ff;$ba kpfrpwpaJfs;
l
ka
27. xspapd; jpirNtfk; 22. JU 8. [hd; lhy;ld;

28. kpd;fyk; 23. kuk;> ngl;Nuhy;> Bry;> 9. 1808
29. kpd;dy; flj;jp rikay; vupthA 10. INrhNlhg;Gfs;
w.
30. kpd;Rw;W 24. fhu;y; tpy;fk; \PNy (1772) 11. INrhghu;fs;

31. kpd;fyk;> cNyhff;fk;gp> rhtp 25. iel;u[d; Nru;kkhfpa 12. epyf;fup> fpuh/igl;> ituk;
ww
kpd;tpsf;F nghl;lhrpak; iel;Nul; 13. vjpu; kpd;tha; fjpu;fs;

32. <y;> 650 thl;]; 26. mNrhl; 14. Neu; kpd;tha; fjpu;fs;
33. njhlupizg;G Rw;W 27. tho;T ,y;yhjJ my;yJ fhy;tha; fjpu;fs;
34. njhlupizg;G Rw;W 28. iel;u[d; 15. NfNjhL
35. gf;f ,izg;G Rw;W 29. 3% 16. NfNjhL
36. njhlupizg;G Rw;W 30. VohtJ 17. Nfhy;l;];Bd;
37. gf;f ,izg;G Rw;W 31. ill;ld; 18. Jj;jehj ry;igL
38. gf;f ,izg;G Rw;W 32. 98 % 19. Neu; kpd;tha;
39. kpd;dhw;gFj;jy; 33. <uZ (N2) 20. i`l;u[d; madp (H+)
40. kpd;Kyhk; G+Rjy; 34. NyrhdJ 21. N[k;]; rhl;tpf; (1932)
41. kpd;Kyhk; G+Rjy; 35. iel;u[d; 22. epA+l;uhd;
42. Jj;jehfg;glyk; 36. iel;u[d; 23. 9.1 x 10-28 fpuhk;
43. FNuhkpak; 37. iel;Nuhd; :: [Pd; 24. 1.6 x 10-24 fpuhk;
44. lq;l];d;> epf;Nuhk; 38. ehd; iel;liu 25. 1.6 x 10-24 fpuhk;
45. kpd;cUfp cUthf;FfpNwd; 26. -1
46. kpd;fyk; 39. iel;u[d; epiyepWj;jk; 27. +1
47. kpd;cUfp 40. ny$kpd]; 28. 0
48. Nthy;l; 41. fdkhdJ kw;Wk; mlu;jpahdJ 29. N[.N[.jhk;rd;
49. vyf;l;uhd;fs; 42. mkpyj;jd;ik 30. 10-10 kP 38
31. gpsk;Gl;bq; khjpup 14.,af;fk; 51. 12
ju;G+rzpg;go khjpup 52. 10 N[hb
32. ,izjpwd; vyf;l;uhd;fs; 1. Rthrpj;jy; 53. 2 N[hb
2. ,af;fk; 54. mr;R vYk;Gf;$L
33. ,uz;L (m) vl;L
3. rPl;lh ,izAWg;G vYk;;Gf;$L
34. ,uz;L 4. %d;W 55. ngf;Nlhuy; tisak; :::
35. vl;L 5. ifl;bd; ngy;tpf; tisak;
36. ke;j thAf;fs; 6. ghk;G 56. `Pku];
37. ,izjpwd; 7. jir : nrjpy;fs; 57. Muk; kw;Wk; my;dh
38. 1 - 3 8. fhly; (thy;j;JLg;G) 58. fhu;gy;
39. 4 - 7 9. 76 fp.kP 59. nkl;lh fhu;gy;
10. fug;ghd;G+r;rp 60. /ghyhq;f;fs;
40. Neu;kiw
11. 1 61. fhy; Ks;nsYk;G
41. vjpu;kiw 12. lhy;gpd; 62. fhy; vYk;G
42. vjpu;kiw 13. 35 iky;fs; 63. fZf;fhy; vYk;G
43. i`l;u[d;> Mf;]p[d;> 14. %l;L 64. Kd;ghj vYk;G
FNshupd; 15. kz;ilNahl;bd; vYk;Gfs; 65. tpuy; vYk;G
16. KJnfYk;gpw;F 66. jirfs;
in
44. 1
45. 2 17. MW 67. epiyj;j Kid
s.
18. Njhs;gl;il> ,Lg;G efUk; Kid
46. 3
19. %d;W 68. jirehu;
47. 4
es
20. fPy;%l;L 69. Kj;jiyj;jir
48. 2 21. fPy;%l;L 70. ,Ujiyj;jir
49. m]; 22. Kismr;R %l;L (m) 71. Nubay;
pr
50. ,f; Royr;R %l;L 72. tl;lj;jirfs;
51. madpfs; 23. kzpf;fl;L 73. tupaw;w jir
ex
52. Neuadp 24. Kz;lidah %l;L 74. 17

25. tOf;F%l;L 75. 42
53. vjpuadp
26. fl;iltpuy;> Njhs;gl;il 76. fz;
vi
54. Vl; (Nrhbak; ry;Ngl;) cl;nrtp 77. nefpo;Tj;jir

55. Il; (Nrhbak; iel;iul;) 27. nlz;lhd;fs; 78. ePl;rpj;jir
l
56. Ntjpr;rkd;ghL
ka
28. rpNdhtpay; jputk; 79. ,jaj;jir

57. nghUz;ik mopah tpjp 29. rpNdhtpay; %l;Lfs; 80. ngf;Nlhuy; tisak;
58. Nky;Nehf;fpa mk;Gf;Fwp 30. rpNdhtpay; %l;Lfs;
w.
31. Mu;j;Nuhrp]; %l;L 15.tsupsk; gUtkiljy;

59. fPo;Nehf;fpa mk;Gf;Fwp
32. A+upf; 1. 13 Kjy; 19 tiu
60. nghUz;ik mopah tpjp
ww
33. jirehu; 2. mNlhyru;

khwhtpfpj tpjp 34. rpNdhtpay; jputk; 3. tsu;tjw;F (m)
ngUf;fy; tpfpj tpjp 35. vYk;G> FUj;njYk;G Kjpu;r;rpf;fhd tsu;r;rp
Nf-Y}f;fpd; gUkd; ,izg;G jirehz;> jirehu; 4. gUtkiljy;
61. ytha;rpau; (1774) 36. vYk;G k[;i[ 5. 10 Kjy; 11 tiu
62. nghUz;ik mopah tpjp 37. nlz;lhd; 6. 12 Kjy; 13 tiu
my;yJ epiw moptpd;ik tpjp 38. ypfnkz;l; 7. `hu;Nkhd;fs;
39. njhil vYk;G (gPku;) 8. tpe;jfq;fs;
63. N[hrg; g;nus];l; (1779)
40. eLr;nrtpapy; cs;s ];Nlg]; 9. mz;lfq;fs;
64. 1 : 8 41. FUj;njYk;G 10. 23 nr.kP
65. NfhNjhL 42. ntspg;Gwf; fhJ> %f;fpd; Edp 11. 26 nr.kP
66. MNdhL 43. jl;ilahd vYk;Gfs; 12. 19 fp.fp
67. tPo;gbT 44. xOq;fw;w vYk;Gfs; 13. 17 fp.fp
68. khwh tpfpj tpjp 45. 22 14. tpe;jfq;fs;
69. Al2 (SO4)3 46. fpNudpak; 15. mz;lfq;fs;
47. 14 16. nl];l;Nlh];Buhd;
70. Ba Cl2
48. fPo;j;jhil Mz;lNuh[d;
71. Ag Cl 49. tOf;F%l;Lfs; 17. GNuhn[];buhd;> <];l;Nuh[d;
72. Mg O 50. Ks;nsYk;Gj; njhlu; 18. Mlk;]; Mg;gps; 39
19. Njhs;gl;il 50. Nfl;nghyp> Fw;nwhyp> kPNahyp

vl;lhk; tFg;G mwptpapy; 51. Nrhdpf; xyp (m) Nfl;nghyp
20. ,Lg;Gg; gFjp
21. gpl;A+l;lup Rug;gpapd; Kd;fJg;G %d;whk; gUtk; 52. Nrhdpf; xyp (m) Nfl;nghyp
(mbNdh i`Nghigrp];) 53. ,d;/g;uhNrhdpf; xyp
17. xyp (m) Fw;nwhyp
22. LH kw;Wk; FSH
23. Y}l;bidrpq; `hu;Nkhd; 1. xyp 54. Fw;nwhyp
24. ghypf;fps;fisj; J}z;Lk; 2. mjpu;Tfs; 55. Fw;nwhyp
`hu;Nkhd; 3. ntw;wplj;jpy; 56. 20000 Hz
25. LH 4. Clfk; 57. NrhNdhfpuhk;
26. FSH 5. jplg;nghUs; 58. kPnahyp
27. <];l;Nuh[d; 6. thA 59. fhy;ldpd; tprpy;
28. GNuhyhf;bd; (my;yJ) 7. jhk]; My;th vbrd; (1877) 60. fhy;ldpd; tprpy;
yhf;Nlhn[dpf; `hu;Nkhd; 8. xypapd; Ntfk; 61. ntsthy;
29. Mf;rpNlhrpd; 9. v = n 62. ,ir
30. Mf;rpNlhrpd; 10. mjpu;ntz; 63. fhw;W
31. G+g;giljy; 11. miyePsk; 64. ehzy;
32. 14 12. mjpu;ntz; 65. taypd;> fpl;lhu;> rpjhu;
66. fpl;lhu;
in
33. vYk;G cilAk; jd;ik 13. nù;l;]; (Hz)
34. fhy;rpak; 14. 500 ms-1 67. `hu;Nkhdpf;];
s.
35. mNahbd; 15. 250 m 68. Fuy; ehz;fs;
36. ,Uk;G 16. 5m 69. gpd;dh
es
37. ,uj;jNrhif 17. (2 / 5) m (or) 0.4 m 70. gpd;dh
38. `hu;Nkhd;fs; 18. 2 Hz 71. ,iur;ry;
39. epd;WtpLfpwJ 19. mjpfupf;fpwJ 72. njhopw;rhiyfs;
pr
40. 45 Kjy; 50 taJ 20. 331 ms-1 73. xyp khRghL
21. 344 ms-1 74. gRikj; jho;thuq;fs;
ex
16.fzpdp tiufiy 22. 6420 ms-1 75. ,Wf;fq;fs;> jsu;r;rpfs;

1. Tux Paint 23. 5960 ms-1 76. KfLfs;> mfLfs;
2. ,lg;gf;f fUtpg; gl;il 24. 5950 ms-1 77. mjpu;T fhyk;
vi
3. tz;zk; jPl;l 25. 1530 ms-1 78. vjpnuhyp

26. 1498 ms-1 79. xypapd; Ntfk;
l
4. fzpjk; fw;f
ka
5. vspa $l;ly; 27. 1284 ms-1 80. vspa rPuhd ,af;fk;

6. 10 tuj;jf;f $l;ly; 28. 316 ms-1 81. kPnahyp
kw;Wk; fopj;jy; 29. <ug;gjk; 82. FiwAk;
w.
7. 10 tuj;jf;f $l;ly;> fopj;jy; 30. mjpfupf;fpwJ 83. 662 m (kPl;lu;)

ngUf;fy; kw;Wk; tFj;jy; 31. FiwAk; 84. mjpf mjpu;ntz; nfhz;l
ww
8. 20 tuj;jf;f tifapy; ehd;F 32. miy (,ae;jpu miy) mjpu;Tfs;

fzpjr; nray;ghLfisAk; 33. FWf;fiy> nel;liy 85. cug;G mjpfupf;fpwJ kw;Wk;
gad;gLj;Jjy; 34. xyp miyfs; RUjp mjpfkhf ,Uf;Fk;.
9. gDty; fUtp NubNah miyfs; 86. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; ,uz;Lk;
10. Ctrl + S 35. nrq;Fj;jhf rup. fhuzk; $w;wpd; rupahd
11. Ctrl + N 36. thAf;fs; tpsf;fk;.
12. Ctrl + O 37. ,izahf 87. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; ,uz;Lk;
13. Ctrl + P 38. ePUw;Wfspd; miyfs; rup. fhuzk; $w;wpd; rupahd
14. Esc 39. nel;liyfs; tpsf;fk;.
15. Ctrl + Z 40. rP];Nkhyh[p 18.fhe;jtpay;
16. Ctrl + Y 41. ,ae;jpu miy 1. nkf;dprpah (Mrpah ikdu;)
 42. tPr;R 2. fhe;jq;fs;
43. nlrpgy; (dB) 3. ,aw;iff; fhe;jq;fs;
44. miyapd; tPr;R 4. Nkf;dill;
%d;whk; 45. kPl;lu; (m) 5. Nkf;dill;
46. RUjp
gUtk; 47. mjpu;ntz;
6. gpu;N`hill;> ngu;iul;>
$Y}k;igl;
48. juk; 7. N`kill;> Nkf;dill;>
49. %d;W rpliul; 40
8. 69 % 59. Magnetic Resonance Imaging 36. nrt;tha; thfdk;

9. 72.4 % 60. 8 37. 2013 (November_5)
10. 48.2 % 61. xd;iwnahd;W ftUk;. 38. PSLV
11. Fe3 04 62. rl;lf;fhe;jk; 39. kq;fs;ahd;
12. epNahbdpak;> rkhupak; 63. ,uz;L 40. ISRO - ,e;jpa tpz;ntsp
13. ,aw;iff; fhe;jq;fs; 64. ildNkhtpy; Ma;T epWtdk;
14. nraw;iff; fhe;jq;fs; 65. $w;W rup. fhuzk; jtW 41. 2014 (September_24)
15. tpy;ypak; fpy;gu;l; 66. $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk; rup. 42. xU khjk;
16. tpy;ypak; fpy;gu;l; Mdhy; fhuzk; $w;Wf;F 43. Gjd;
17. jp Nkf;dill; rupahd tpsf;fky;y. 44. nts;sp
18. Kid 45. g+kp
19. tpyf;Fk;
19.mz;lKk; tpz;ntsp 46. nrt;tha;
20. ftUk; (<u;f;Fk;)
mwptpaYk; 47. tpahod;
21. tl njd; 1. thdpay; 48. rdp
22. fhe;jg;Gyk; 2. tpz;kPd;jpus; 49. ANud];
23. nl];yh my;yJ fh]; 3. rPdh 50. neg;bA+d;
24. 10000 4. jP mk;Gfs; 51. Gjd;
52. nrt;tha;
in
25. lah> ghuh> /ngu;Nuh 5. uhf;nfl;
26. lah fhe;jg;nghUs;fs; 6. ill;lhdpak; (m) mYkpdpak; 53. tpahod;
s.
27. ghuh> /ngu;Nuh 7. PSLV, GSLV 54. rptg;Gf;Nfhs;
28. lah fhe;jg;nghUs;fs; 8. JUt Jizf;Nfhs; nrYj;J 55. ,Uk;G Mf;irL>
es
29. lah thfdk; tspkz;ly J}Rfs;
30. gp];kj;> jhkpuk;> ghjurk;> 9. Gtpepiyj; Jizf;Nfhs; 56. 24 kzp : 37 epkplq;fs;
jq;fk;> ePu>; My;f`hy;> fhw;W nryj;J thfdk; 57. 687
pr
i`l;u[d; 10. jput i`l;u[d;> i`l;urPd; 58. nrt;tha;f;Nfhs;
31. ghuh> /ngu;Nuh vj;jpy; My;f`hy; 59. ,e;jpah
ex
32. gpshl;bdk;> khq;fdp];> epf;fy; 11. Mf;rp[d; XNrhd; i`l;u[d; 60. ,e;jpah
,Uk;G> mYkpdpak;> nguhf;i]L kw;Wk; GifAk; 61. 2019 (July_22)
Mf;]p[d;> FNuhkpak; iel;upf; mkpyk; 62. re;jpuhad; - 2
vi
33. ,Uk;G> Nfhghy;l;> epf;fy;>v/F 12. ghypA+upj;jpd;> 63. igyhY-fu;ehlfj;jpYs;s

34. ghuh fhe;jkhf ghypgpA+lhilaPd; fl;Lg;ghl;L miw
l
ka
35. fpa+up ntg;gepiy 13. iel;Nul; : FNshNul; cg;Gfs; 64. Dr. tpf;uk; rhuhgha;
36. NjdpUk;G 14. fpiuNahn[dpf; 65. 2019 (September_7)
37. jw;fhypff; fhe;jq;fs; 15. Nky;Nehf;fpa ce;Jtpir 66. 2.1 fpNyhkPl;lu;
w.
38. Gwf;fhe;jg;Gyk; 16. epA+l;ldpd; %d;whtJ tpjp 67. Dr. ifyhrk; tbT rptd;
39. epiyahd fhe;jq;fs; 17. epA+l;ldpd; %d;whtJ tpjp 68. uhf;nfl; kdpju;
ww
40. my;epf;Nfh 18. 1969 69. 104

41. mYkpdpak;> epf;fy;> Nfhghy;l; 19. Mupag;gl;lh 70. re;jpud;
42. epNahbkpak; fhe;jq;fs; 20. 1975 71. 3,84,400 fpNyhkPl;lu;
43. my;epf;Nfh (gRf;fhe;jk;) 21. uhNf\; ru;kh (1984 Apr_2) 72. 3,474 fpNyhkPl;lu;
44. Nkf;dpl;lhu; 22. 2008_October_22 73. tspkz;lyk;
45. 20 fpNyhkPl;lu; 23. =ùpNfhl;lh> Me;jpuh 74. mnkupf;fhtpd; tpz;ntsp
46. 6400 fpNyhkPl;lu; 24. PSLV Ma;T epWtdk;
47. Gwh 25. 2008_November_8 75. 1958_October_1
48. Nkf;dill; vDk; fhe;jgz;G 26. 312 76. th\pq;ld;
49. 25ypUe;J 65ikf;Nuh nl];yh 27. 2009_August_28 77. ehrh (NASA)
50. 20 28. `Pypak; 3 78. mg;NghNyh
51. nkf;ypt; njhlu;tz;b 29. fyhk;rhl; 79. mg;NghNyh - 8
52. kpd;fhe;jq;fs; 30. 64 fpuhk; 80. mg;NghNyh - 11
53. 500 fpkP / kzp 31. upghj; \hUf; (gs;sgl;b) 81. 1969_July_20
54. mjpfk; 32. 2017_June_22 82. ePy; Mk;];l;uhq;
55. khf;];iug; ehrh tpz;ntsp Ma;Tikak; 83. ePy; Mk;]l ; u; hq;> G\;My;bupd;
56. khf;];iug; 33. jpU. kapy;rhkp mz;zhJiu ikf;fy;fhypd;];
57. ,izfshf 34. jpU. kapy;rhkp mz;zhJiu 84. NASA ISRO Synthetic
58. jpir fhl;Lk; fy;yhf 35. re;jpuhad;-1 Aperture Radar
41
85. nfhyk;gpah tpz;ntsp 36. 4.6 kpy;ypad; 23. i`l;NuhFNshupf; mkpyk;

86. fy;gdh rht;yh 37. tPo;gbjiy 24. i`l;NuhFNshupf; mkpyk;
87. ,uz;lhtJ nfhyk;gpah 38. vjpu; rt;T+L guty; 25. i`l;u[d; thA
tpz;ntspg; gazj;jpd; 39. Reverse Osmosis 26. ry;gpA+upf; mkpyk;
88. 232, 10.4 kpy;ypad; (vjpu; rt;T+L guty;) 27. epA+f;spf; mkpyk;
89. 372 kzpNeuj;jpw;F Nky; 40. GwCjh myFfs; 28. mrpl;bf; mkpyk;
90. Rdpjh tpy;ypak;]; : 2012 41. nkd;dPu; ngd;rhapf; mkpyk;
91. ,uz;L 42. fhy;rpak;> nkf;dPrpaj;jpd; 29. fhuq;fs;
92. Rdpjh tpy;ypak;]; fhu;gNdl;> igfhu;gNdl; 30. i`l;uhf;irL
93. epyT thfdk; 43. FNshiuL kw;Wk; ry;Ngl; 31. my;fypfs;
94. mz;lk; 44. nfhjpf;f itj;jy; 32. ryit Nrhg;G
95. tpz;fyk; 45. ryit Nrhlh 33. fh];bf; Nrhlh
96. fpiuNahn[dpf; 46. madp gupkhw;wk; 34. mk;Nkhdpak; i`l;uhf;irL
97. gzpr;Rik 47. 61 35. rptg;G : ePyk;
48. 17 36. kQ;rs;
20. ePu; 49. 41,948 37. ,sQ;rptg;G (gpq;f;)
50. ePu;g;gLiffs; 38. fhy;rpak; i`l;uhf;irL
1. ehd;fpy; %d;W 51. 39. mk;Nkhdpak; i`l;uhf;irL
in
90 %
2. 65 % 52. blu;n[z;L 40. cg;G : ePu;
3. kpd;dhw;gFj;jy;
s.
53. Rj;jpfupf;fg;glhj fopTePu; 41. fhy;rpak; i`l;uhf;irL
4. 2:1 54. 135 ypl;lu; (ePw;Wr; Rz;zhk;G)
es
5. n`d;wp Nfntd;b\; 1781 55. Ez;zpa nefpop (Micro Plastic) 42. my;fyp vd;w fhug;nghUs;.
6. n`d;wp Nfntd;b\; 56. H2O 43. tpdpfu;
7. fhu;gd; il Mf;irL 57. A+l;Nuh/gpNf\d; 44. Vw;wjy;y
pr
8. i`l;u[d; 58. 00 C 45. ypl;k];> kQ;rhs;rhW>
9. 1000 C 59. i`l;u[d; nrk;gUj;jpg; G+> gPl;&l; rhW
ex
10. 00 C 60. Mf;rp[d; 46. rptg;ghf

11. 1 fp/nr.kP 3 47. ,sQ;rptg;G
12. mjpfk; 21.mkpyq;fs; kw;Wk; 48. gr;ir
vi
13. 0.91 fp/nr.kP 3 fhuq;fs; 49. ypl;k]; jhs;

14. 0.97 fp/nr.kP 3 50. iyf;fd;
l
15. 1 fp/nr.kP 3
ka
1. M];gpupd; 51. gpdhg;jyPd>; nkj;jpy; MuQ;R

16. 1 fp/nr.kP 3 -I tpl mjpfk; 2. fhuq;fs; 52. epwkw;wJ
17. mjpfk; 3. b.vd;.V 53. ,sQ;rptg;G
w.
18. fdmstpy; 4. fhuq;fs; 54. rptg;G

19. cs;Siw ntg;gk; 5. Gspg;G 55. kQ;rs;
20. gdpf;fl;b
ww
6. mrpl]; 56. fhuk;

21. 80 fNyhupfs;/fpuhk; (m) 7. mkpyq;fs; 57. CaO
336 [_y;/fpuhk; 8. i`l;u[d; 58. epwq;fhl;b
22. ePuhtp 9. madpfis
23. 540 fNyhupfs;/fpuhk; (m) 10. mu;`Pdpa]; 22.ek; md;whl tho;tpy;
2268 [_y;/fpuhk; 11. vYkpr;ir> MuQ;R Ntjpapay;
24. 4.2 12. japu; (ghy; nghUl;fs;)
25. vt;tpj khw;wKk; nra;ahJ 13. jf;fhsp 1. i`l;Nuhfhu;gd;fs;
26. 2000 C, 0.02 % 14. tpdpfu; 2. i`l;u[d; :: fhu;gd;
27. jhkpuk; 15. Mg;gps; 3. FiwT
28. ePu; 16. Gsp> jpuhl;ir 4. kPj;Njd; kw;Wk; GNuhg;Ngd;
29. fhy;rpak; ig fhu;gNdl;> 17. vWk;G> NjdP 5. n`f;Nrd; kw;Wk; ngd;rPd;
fhy;rpak; fhu;gNdl; 18. fdpk mkpyq;fs; 6. ghugpd;fs;
30. 1 Kjy; 2 fpuhk; 19. i`l;NuhFNshupf; mkpyk; 7. Nfl;bNd\d;
31. rhf;fly; (Dead Sea) ry;gpA+upf; mkpyk;> (rq;fpypj; njhluhf;fk;)
32. rhf;fly; (Dead Sea) iel;upf; mkpyk; 8. my;Nfd;fs;> my;fPd;fs;>
33. rhf;fly; (Dead Sea) 20. ngd;rhapf; mkpyk; my;ify;fs;> muPd;fs;
34. rhf;fly; (Dead Sea) 21. ePy - rptg;G 9. kPjN; jd;
35. N[hu;lhd;> ,];Nuy; njd;gFjp 22. rptg;G 10. rJg;G epy thA
42
11. CH4 12. C2H6 67. fUg;G ituk; 12. gUj;jp> Gspr;ir
13. C3H8 14. C4H10 68. 700 fp.fp 13. epyf;fliy> vs;
15. C5H12 69. 50 ypl;lu; 14. FNuhl;ld;> A+Nghu;gpah
16. GNuhg;Ngd; ::: gpA+l;Nld; 70. 400 kP3 15. thio> khq;fdp
17. Liquid Petrolium Gas 71. ghiw 16. ,uz;lhtJ
jputkhf;fg;gl;l ngl;Nuhypak; 72. vz;nza; 17. kz;iz jahu; nra;jy;
thA 73. ngl;Nuhypak; 18. kz;GO
18. nku;Nfg;ld; 74. 1839 19. cOjy;> rkg;gLj;Jjy;>
19. ngd;Nld;fs; ngdprpy;Ntdpah-mnkupf;fh mb cukpLjy;
20. cyu; thA 75. 1867 20. tpij tpijj;jy;
21. <u thA ,e;jpahtpy; m];]hk; khf;Fk; 21. mq;ff kl;F
22. kPj;Njd; kw;Wk; <j;Njd; 76. gpd;df;fha;r;rp tbj;jy; 22. njspg;GePu;> nrhl;LePu;
23. Gug;Ngd; kw;Wk; gpA+l;Nld 77. fUg;Gj;jq;fk; 23. njspg;G ePu; ghrd mikg;G
24. jpupGuh> uh[];jhd;> Me;jpuh> 78. kz;nzz;nza; 24. 70
kfhuh\;buh> jkpo;ehL 79. gpl;Lkd; my;yJ m];ghy;l; 25. fis (fisj;jhtuq;fs;)
25. fhNtup nly;lh 80. 400 C - 2050 C 26. cOjy;
26. kPjN; jd; 81. 600 C - 1000 C 27. 30,000
82. 1750 C - 3250 C 28.
in
27. ,aw;if thA 18,000
28. Compressed Natural Gas 83. 2500 C - 3500 C 29. fjpubj;jy;
s.
mOj;jg;gl;l ,aw;if thA 84. 3000 C - 3700 C 30. mWtil
29. 88.5 % 85. fhu;gid 31. ,e;jpa czTf; fofk;
es
30. mOj;jg;gl;l ,aw;if thA 86. KJ / Kg 32. [dtup 14 - 1965, nrd;id
31. Liquid Natural Gas fpNyh [_y; / fpNyhfpuhk; 33. GJnly;yp
jputkhf;fg;gl;l ,aw;if thA 87. Mf;Nld; 34. nghJ tpepNahfj; jpl;lk;
pr
32. 5.5 % 33. 3.7 % 88. rPl;Nld; 35. GifA+l;lk;
34. 1.8 % 35. 0.5 % 89. rPl;Nld; vz; 36. gapu;Row;rp
ex
36. cw;gj;jp thA 90. 148 37. GJnly;yp

37. 11000 C 38. 45-60 % 91. ngd;rPd; (m) nlhYtPd; 38. uhay; jhtutpay; Njhl;lk;
39. 10-20 % 40. 2-4 % 92. Mrpl;Nlhd; 39. 109 n`f;Nlu;
vi
41. kuthA (mnkupf;fh) 93. 40 40. nfhy;fj;jh jhtutpay;

cwpQ;R thA (,q;fpyhe;J) 94. 61 Njhl;lk;
l
ka
42. i`l;u[d;> kPj;Njd;> 95. i`l;u[d; 41. tpijg;ge;J

fhu;gd; il Mf;irL 96. faj;jhW> Muy;tha;nkhop 42. fupk tpijfs;
43. rpijj;J tbj;jy; gy;ylk;> Fbkq;fsk; 43. capup Rl;b (m) capupay; Rl;b
w.
44. ePu; thA 97. kPj;Njd;::: <j;Njd; 44. iyf;fd;fs;

45. 10000 C 98. #upad; 45. ghrp ::: g+Q;ir
ww
46. njhFg;G thA 99. epyf;fup 46. iyf;fd;fs;

47. capup thA 100. gOg;G 47. ,e;jpa Ntshz; Muha;r;rp
48. capup thA epWtdk;
49. fhu;gd; 23.gapu;g;ngUf;fk; - 48. g+[h epWtdk;
50. fhu;gdhjy; Nkyhz;ik 49. ,e;jpa Ntshz; Muha;r;rp
51. 70 epWtdk;
52. mnkupf;fh 1. Ntshz;ik (tptrhak;) 50. ,e;jpa Ntshz; Muha;r;rp
53. 1774 2. fhupg;> uhgp> rahL gapu;fs; fofk;
54. %d;whtJ 3. fhupg; gapu; 51. ICAR
55. %d;wpy; ,uz;L 4. [_d; Kjy; nrg;lk;gu; tiu 52. jpU. eNue;jpu rpq; Njhku;
56. 25-35 % 57. 35-44 % 5. ney;> Nrhsk;> Nrhahnkhr;ir 53. Ntshz; Jiw mikr;ru;
58. 45-86 % 59. 86-97 % epyf;fliy> gUj;jp 54. f;up\p tpQ;Qhd Nfe;j;uh
60. gpl;Lkpd]; 61. Me;j;uirl; 6. uhgp gapu;fs; 55. f;up\p tpQ;Qhd Nfe;ju; h KVK
62. nray;kpF fup 7. NfhJik> gUg;G> gl;lhzp> 56. f;up\p tpQ;Qhd Nfe;ju; h KVK
63. fy;fup> fupj;jhu;> fLF> Msptpij 57. 1974 : ghz;br;Nrup
mk;Nkhdpah> epyf;fup thA 8. rahL gapu;fs; 58. gQ;rfht;ah
64. 98 % 9. ju;g+rzp> nts;sup 59. khl;Lr;rhzk;> khl;bd; rpWePu;
65. ehg;jyPd; cUz;il 10. fhupg;> uhgp> rahL gapu;fs; ghy;> japu;> nea;
66. efu thA 11. kf;fhr;N; rhsk; 60. 20
43
61. nghwptz;L 36. 50 85. tdtpyq;F ruzhyaq;fs;

62. gpshf; ePy; Nfg;grpL 37. 250 86. Njrpa g+q;fhf;fs;
63. rptg;G rpye;jp G+r;rpfs; 38. Vkd; gl;lhk;g+r;rp 87. ruzhyaj;jpw;F
64. l;iuNfhLnlu;kh tpUb 39. Nkw;Fnjhlu;r;rp kiy 88. tdtpyq;F ruzhyaq;fs;
65. nygplhg;Buh 40. 32 89. Njrpa g+q;fhf;fs;
66. Ngrpy;y]; Jupd;[pnad;rp]; 41. Mykuk;> Ntg;gkuk; 90. Nkfiy_2016
67. mrhbuf;bd; 42. tdtpyq;F ghJfhg;G jpl;lk; 91. tz;lY}u;_1991
68. Ntk;G 69. khu;Nfhrh 43. 1972 92. fsf;fhL_1976
70. gl;lhzp 71. iuNrhgpak; 44. tq;fhsg;Gypfis ghJfhf;f 93. rhk;gy; epw mzpy;_1988
72. njspg;G ePu; ghrdk; 45. Vg;uy; 1 -1973 94. Ntle;jhq;fy;_1936
73. kz;GO tbePu; 46. fhu;ngl; Njrpa g+q;fh> 95. 5000 96. ee;jhNjtp
cj;ufz;l; 97. Nehf;nuf; 98. kdh];
24. jhtuq;fs; kw;Wk; 47. 1400 99. Re;ju;gd;];
tpyq;Ffspd; ghJfhg;G 48. 2967 100. kd;dhu; tisFlh> ePyfpup
49. rptg;G juT Gj;jfk; 101. epf;Nfhghu; jPT> rpkpypghy;
1. rpg;Nfh ,af;fk; 50. ,aw;if ghJfhg;gpw;fhd 102. 800
2. xl;bf;nfhs;tJ ru;tNjr xd;wpak; (IUCN) 103. Nrh`d;gpuk; kpUff;fhl;rp
fl;bg;gpbg;gJ 51. 1964 rhiy> tpad;dh (1759)
in
3. Re;ju;yhy; gFdh 52. fUg;G 53. rptg;G 104. 1800_gur;rhg+u;
4. 1970 54. cyf tdtpyq;F epjp
s.
105. kpy;ypdpak; tpijtq;fp>
5. xuprh (2019) 55. ,e;jpa tpyq;fpay; Ma;T ,q;fpyhe;J
56. capu;fN ; fhs ,Ug;G jpl;lk;
es
6. jkpo;ehL (2018) 106. -1960 C
7. jkpo;ehL (2018) 57. kj;jpa khRfl;Lghl;L thupak; 107. kf;fs; gy;Yapu; gd;Kfj;jd;ik
8. Me;jpuh (2017) 58. World Wild animal Fund 108. 2002
pr
9. jkpo;ehL (2016) 59. Zoological Survey of India 109. capu;topg; ngUf;fk;
10. irgPupah 60. Biosphere Reserve Project 110. Aidnll; fpq;lk; (yz;ld;)
61. Central Polution Control Board
ex
11. 200 111. vq;fs; Cik ez;gu;fs; yPf;

12. ntg;gkz;ly kiof;fhL 62. International Union for 112. g;S fpuh];
13. mNkrhd; fhL Conservation of Nature 113. g;S fpuh];
vi
14. gpNurpy; 63. rptg;G juT Gj;jfk; 114. 1906_Nk-15_tpf;Nlhupah

15. 60,00,000 rJu fp.kP 64. khu;r; 3
115. g;S fpuh];
l
16. 20 % 65. 34 66. 4

ka
116. Nfg;ld; tp.Re;juk;

17. 390 kpy;ypad; 67. ,kakiy>
(nrd;id_1959)
18. g+kpapd; EiuaPuy; Nkw;Fj;njhlu;rr ; p kiyfs;
117. tpyq;Ffspd; newpKiw
tlfpof;F kw;Wk; epf;Nfhgu;
w.
19. 1976 rpfpr;irfSf;fhd kf;fs;

jPTfs;
20. thq;fup khjha; 118. PETA (ngl;lh)
68. 1969
ww
21. 51 119. 1980

69. 2007, GJjpy;yp
22. thq;fup khjha; 120. ,q;f;upl; epA+f;upf;>
70. Rw;Wr;#oy;> td kw;Wk;
23. fhL tsu;g;G mnyf;]; gr;NrNfh
fhyepiy khw;W mikr;rfk;
24. fhlhf;Fjy; 121. tu;[dP pah Nehu;Nghy;>
71. 73
25. fhlopg;G mnkupf;fh
72. 416 73. 12
26. 132 122. CPCSEA
74. Njrpa G+q;fhf;fs;
27. Nk - 22 123. 1960 - CPCSEA
75. 100 - 500 rJu fp.kPl;lu;
28. gdpr;rpWj;ij> Mrpa rpq;fk; 124. cs;Su; ,dq;fs;
76. fhu;ngl; Njrpa g+q;fh (1936)
tq;fhsg;Gyp> Cjh jtis> 125. rptg;G juT Gj;jfk;
77. Jj;th Njrpa g+q;fh (1977)
,e;jpa uhl;rj mzpy; 78. fpu; Njrpa g+q;fh (1975)
29. khu;r; 21 25.fhl;rpj; njhlu;gpay;
79. fd;`h Njrpa g+q;fh (1955)
30. khu;r; 22 80. Re;ju;td;]; Njrpag+qf ; h (1984) 1. ypg;NuMgp];
31. [_d; 05 81. fpz;b Njrpa g+q;fh (1976) 2. Ctrl + C
32. [_d; 28 82. kd;dhu; tisFlh 3. Ctrl + X
33. nrg;lk;gu; 16 Njrpa g+q;fh (1980) 4. File  Save
34. ntl;Lf;fpsp 83. ,e;jpuhfhe;jp Njrpa g+q;fh 5. File  ruler
35. Filkuk;> kyghu; ypy;yp> (1989) 6. 2
uh/g;yPrpah kyu;> 84. KJkiy Njrpa g+q;fh (1990) 7. Ctrl + B 8. Ctrl + I
,e;jpa ky;Nyh> K];yp Kf;$u;jj ; p Njrpag+q;fh (1990) 9. Ctrl + U 10. Ctrl + V 44

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muR Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> jpidf;Fsk;

19 mz;lKk; tpz;ntsp mwptpaYk; 23

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45. xsp %yj;jpypUe;J xU Fwpg;gpl;l jpirapy;

17. mikg;G xd;wpy; cs;s Jfs;fspd; ruhrup

47. xspr;nrwptpid Neupilahf Nfz;byh myfpy;

njhlhky; mjd; ntg;gepiyia mse;jwpa 49. xU ];l;Nubad; jpz;kf;Nfhzj;jpy; xU

19. gdpf;fl;bapd; cUFepiy ......................... xsp%yk; ntspapLkhdhy; mt;nthsp%yj;jpd;

75. gd;dhl;L Neug;gq;fPl;L mikg;gpy; gad;gLk; ..................................................................................

76. Kjd;Kjypy; mZf;fbfhuk; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l

100. $w;W : kpd;Ndhl;lk;> nghUspd; msT>

78. ,uhay; thdpiy Ma;T ikak; mike;Js;s

tpirapd; vz;kjpg;igAk; mJ nray;gLj;jg; ,ilNa cuha;T tpir cz;lhFk;. ,jw;F

...................... MbfshFk;. vdpy; Mbapd; tisT Muk; .....................

6. ............... Mb mUfpy; itf;fg;gl;l nghUspid

.........................f;F vLj;Jf;fhl;L. 36. FopMbapy; ..............f;Fk; .............f;Fk; ,ilapy;

cUthf;Fk; Mb ...................... khagpk;gk; Vw;gLfpd;wJ.

nrq;Fj;Jf;Nfhl;il .............. tpyfilAk;. 1. gUg;nghUs;fspd; fl;likg;G myF ...................

nrq;Fj;Jf;Nfhl;il .............. tpyfilAk;. mZf;fspd; njhFg;G .................. vdg;gLfpd;wd.

FiwAk;. .................. vdg;gLk;.

vdpy; tpyfy; .....................

Clfj;jpd; ................... vdg;gLfpwJ.

37. cNyhfg;Nghypfspd; ,aw;gpay; gz;Gfs; .........................

..........................I xj;jpUf;fpd;wd. 62. fupf;Nfhypd; eLj;Jz;by; ,Ug;gJ ....................

Nghyp .................. MFk;. 64. [pg;rk; vd miof;fg;gLk; Nru;kk; ....................

jdpkq;fspd; 5 ek;ikr; Rw;wp epfOk; khw;wq;fs;

jd;ikAila kw;Wk; Gjpa nghUis

2. Rl;l Rz;zhk;G ePUld; njhlu;G nfhs;Sk;NghJ

3. jPf;Fr;rpapd; jiyg;gFjpapy; ................. kw;Wk;

rpy;tu; mu;n[z;lk; Ag 4. jPg;ngl;bapd; gf;fthl;by; ............... cs;sJ.

22. Ez;Zapupfspd; Ntjptpidfshy; Ju;ehw;wj;ij ghf;BupahTf;F v.fh .....................

22. xU Kid fw;iwf; firapio tif ghf;Bupah

60. ngd;rpypid Kjd;Kjypy; fz;lwpe;jtu; ........... ,e;Neha;f;fhd jLg;G+rp .....................

62. nll;ld];> bg;jPupah Nghd;w Neha;fisf; fhuzkhd Ez;Zapup .......................

63. gpNsf; Neha;f;F rpfpr;iraspf;f gad;gLk; fhuzkhd Ez;Zapup ........................

cs;sd. ghrpf;F v.fh. ....................

4. G+f;Fk; jhtuq;fspd; vz;zpf;if .................... ghrpf;F v.fh. ....................

6. Taxis vd;w fpNuf;fr; nrhy;ypd; nghUs;............ nfhz;Ls;s ghrpf;F v.fh. ....................

cUthf;fpatu; .................. 38. ICN vd;gjd; tpupT .....................

mbg;gilapy; tifg;gLj;jg;gLtJ ............ Kiw

107. fy;yuP y; Neha;fSf;F kUe;jhfg; gad;gLtJ.....

75. gpiuNah/igl;Lfspy; ghypdg;ngUf;fk; .............. 110. ed;F tsu;r;rpaile;j ];NghNuhigbf; jhtuk;

jhtuq;fs; MFk;. 112. ];ngu;kh vd;Dk; fpNuf;fr; nrhy;ypd; nghUs;.......

78. gpiuNah/igl;Lfspd; ..................................... tFg;G $w;W kw;Wk; fhuzk;

ghu;f;f ,aYk;. Fiwe;j nrwpTila gFjpf;F jhdhfNt

38. %yf;$Wfs; ePuj ; j

mwpKfk; nra;jtu; ................... Mz;L ..............

2. Kjyhk; jiyKiw fzpdpapd; fhyfl;lk;..........

20. %yf;$Wfspd; ,af;fj;jpdhy; ntg;gk; ntg;gMw;wypd; msT 84000 J vdpy;> ePupd;

cUthff; fhuzk; ...................... Vw;Gj;jpwd; 8000 J / 00 C vdpy; mjd; jd;ntg;g

flj;jg;gLtjhy; NkNy cau;fpwJ. 46. Xu; cNyhfj;jpd; jd;ntg;gVw;Gj;jpwdpd; kjpg;G

11 kpd;dpay; 26. kpd;dypd; %yk; kpfg;ngupa mstpyhd

epiyf;Fk; mjpfkhd ntg;gk; cUthfpwJ.

,tw;wpy; vjd; kjpg;G mjpfk;?

vyf;lu; hd; kw;Wk; epA+l;uhd; Nghd;w kpd;Jfs;fs;