THE ACHIEVERS FOCUS EXAMINATION SERIES

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education FORM 4

101/2 PAPER 2

ENGLISH
TIME – 2½ HOURS
Name ………………………………………………………..…. Signature ……………………

Index Number ………………….…………………………….. Date …………………………..

Time: 2 ½ hours

Instructions to candidates
(a) Write your name and index number in the spaces provided at the top of this page.
(b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
(c) Answer all questions in this question paper in the spaces provided

For Examiner’s use only

Question Maximum score Candidate’s
score
1 20

2 25

3 20

4 15

TOTAL SCORE 80

TRIAL 1
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1. COMPREHENSION (20 MARKS)
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.
The ongoing bickering, infighting and name calling among some of the emerging leaders of
the set up that described itself as ‘leaderless’ has created some concern among Kenyans
who had supported the noble cause of good governance that they have been demanding for.
Forces targeted by the Gen Z are gleefully excited about the implosion in the movement, as
its leaders fight and engage in heated debate on social media and the general political space.
Fallouts and power struggle is common in Kenya’s politics, especially since the return of
multi-party politics in 1992, when many political formations either split or just died because of
the leadership battles. Such divisions emerge out of unbridled thirst for power and the
trappings that come from it, making popular political adventures like the Gen Z movement’s
agenda open to infiltration and sabotage.

Political pundits think the Gen Z movement leaders has been infiltrated by saboteurs,
resulting in infighting, baying for each other’s blood and all manner of accusations against
each other from its budding leaders. Former Nairobi Town Clerk and politician Philip Kisia
describes the verbal wars among the Gen Z and millennials as unfortunate, because they
had shown a lot of promise to the country by starting on a very solid footing as an alternative
leadership. Having said they were tribeless, non-partisan and leaderless, many thought it
could have been difficult for the group to be penetrated by destructive forces. “These young
people were going to change the trajectory of the country because they have the numbers.
Their thinking, philosophy and ideology was taking the country through a complete 360
degrees turn,” says Kisia.Unfortunately, because tribal politics is so much entrenched and
they also come from different tribes, there is still a heavy influence from the older generation
especially after Raila Odinga entered into an agreement with President William Ruto for ODM
members to join the government.

Another school of thought is that sharp divisions have hit the young people because some are
struggling to shake of old habits and are therefore easy to manipulate to create power
struggles, frustrating those pushing for competence, integrity and the fight against corruption in
government. Kisia thinks people in power are becoming very uncomfortable and that is why
they will use every trick, including infiltrating the Gen Z with huge amounts of money to buy
their support and create disharmony among them. But the young people being used to create
discord appear to have forgotten that the old guard are only interested in promoting personal
and selfish gain, and not the values and principles that some of their friends lost their lives for
in the recent Gen Z protests. “Don’t forget that Gen Z are also human beings. They see people
who are influencing them living in opulence and get torn between integrity, uprightness and
wanting to live a life that is superfluous, yet those in political class cannot show the source of
their wealth,” says Kisia.

One young activist that has prominently featured both in social and mainstream media is
Kasmuel McOure. He, among others like Kebaso Morara have been accused by some of the
young activists of advancing personal aggrandisement to raise their profile. He disagrees:
“Kenyans have shown that they are willing to crowd fund. If we are truly leaderless, why
shouldn’t somebody else step up. There are hundreds of young people who have emerged in
this revolution and they should be given a chance.” He also asserts that they are preparing
for the ballot revolution that the political class is pushing them into.

Lawyer Miguna Miguna who has supported the Gen Z through his social media posts since
May, has been very critical of Morara’s style of engagement with Kenyans, creating some
frenzied discussion on social media platforms. He frowned at calls from one post asking him
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to endorse Morara’s work, cautioning that he will only endorse integrity, truth and
revolutionary commitment for social justice. “You are focused on people and totems you
worship. I don’t worship anyone,” he added. Miguna said he stopped supporting Morara when
he allegedly veered off the rail to focus on schemes that are inimical to the Gen Z and
millennials movement, to which Morara responded politely, telling Miguna that everyone
should be allowed to do what he or she can do best. “We don’t have to do the same thing.
We just need to have the same goals,” said Morara, as many others either supported or
attacked him in the lively engagement that has continued since early last week. That however
did not stop Miguna from going more ballistic telling his critics that he is not on the X platform
to please anyone, but he is there to expose conmen, con-women, organised criminals and
plunderers both emerging and entrenched. “It is painful to realise that Morara cornered us but
let us count our loses and march on without him,” added Miguna.

Morara’s response is that people see things differently and his strategy is simple, because in
whatever they do they should all remember that 70 percent of the country is in the
villages.“My heart is clean. My conscience is clear. We must climb down our X horse and do
a lot of ground work in the villages. If we can get people in villages to support us, then we will
succeed,” said Morara. He describes his style is political, and that Miguna’s is activism,
adding that others can apply the provocative music approach or creative educative content
and that is why each person should do what they can do well to achieve the same goal.

Team Truth Watchdog cautioned the youth leaders against fighting each other, singling out
Morara and McOure and advising them to work together to achieve a common goal that will
bear fruits. He also warned politicians and the old guard are using some of them to cause
divisions. It appears some people are not happy that Kenyans are fund raising for Morara to
move around the country and expose fake projects that are allegedly funded by the
government. They were also riled by his proposal that the youth form their own political party
so that they can prepare to take power in the 2027 presidential election.
(Adapted from Monday, September 30, 2024 The Standard)

Questions:
a) What is the primary concern regarding the Gen Z movement as expressed in the passage?
(2 marks)
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b) Identify two reasons that political pundits believe the Gen Z movement has been infiltrated.
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c) According to Philip Kisia, what potential did the Gen Z movement have? (2 marks)

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d) How does tribal politics influence the Gen Z movement, according to the passage?
Provide two examples. (4 marks)

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e) What criticisms does Miguna Miguna have regarding Kebaso Morara's approach? And
What is Morara’s response to these criticisms? (4 marks)

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f) What are the proposed strategies by Morara for gaining support from the youth in villages?
(2 marks)
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g) What advice did Team Truth Watchdog give to the youth leaders? (2 marks)
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h) Explain the meaning of the following words and phrases. (4 marks)
i) Bickering:
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ii) Infiltrated:
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iii) Aggrandisement:
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iv) Discord:
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2. THE SAMARITAN (25 MARKS)
Read the following extract and answer the following questions.
Seymour: (Springing to his feet with clenched fists) That cannot be possible. Nobody can write
that kind of thing about me in this world!
Harvester: (Looking at Ted and Seymour) Copies of indisputable documentary evidence to that
effect were all over today’s newspapers and are being shared in all media platforms.
Seymour: (Resuming his seat and swearing with trembling voice) Those are fake documents!
These are all barefaced falsehoods! And I can assure you one thing: Those behind the
allegations now have their appointment with fate! Certainly!
Ted: (Sitting properly and looking up for the first time) Supply of air? I am beginning to think this
is serious. Could we end up in Baneta Express Prison?
Harvester: (Turning pages of his note book) But that is only one of the allegations, there are
many more, including drug trafficking, grabbing of public land, inflation of the cost of municipal
projects, use of proxies to secure municipal tenders, undertaking shoddy public works, murder
and gang warfare. The information is very detailed on the people
and companies involved.
Mossi: There is a lot of personal information on municipal leaders on that evil thing, too;
including lifestyles of individual municipal officials, where they live, the kind of houses they live in,
their businesses, the vehicles they own, other properties in their possession, when the properties
were acquired, and a lot of other personal details I don’t want to mention here. (Looking at
Bembe) There was a lot of talk yesterday on the Madingo Golf Club, with everyone wondering
where you got the money to put it up.
Bembe: (Sitting up with an expression of horror on his face) The Madingo Golf Club? No! I have
always been very discreet about my private affairs! How did they get the Information it is mine?
Mossi: You see, there is hardly anything on earth you can do without somebody knowing about
it. You should also remember that those we regard as our friends are sometimes wolves in
sheep’s clothing. And they may have a lot of information about us, which could be damaging!
Bembe: This might be our worst nightmare!
Mossi: What worries me most is the recent formation of a lobby group, an amorphous virtual
group, comprising mostly of lawyers, calling itself The Samaritan. It is calling upon the people to
volunteer as witnesses and help in the prosecution of those involved in corruption and abuse of
office in the Municipality. They are also planning to petition the Local Government Minister, the
Prime Minister, and the Chief Justice to take action. The situation is not pretty at all.
Ted: (Looking at Justice Jaden) Can such online allegations form a strong basis for prosecution
and conviction?
Jaden: (Adjusting his eyeglasses) Yes, they can; provided there are valid documents supporting
the allegations.
Bembe: (Throwing his hands in the air) I think we have no choice other than ban that thing within
Maracas Municipality! The Municipal Council needs to pass a by-law to that effect urgently. I will
enforce it immediately!
Jaden: (Adjusting his eyeglasses and then his tie) I think we need to be careful and strategic. On
what basis do you ban it? And how can you police the use of mobile phones to ensure
the ban is effective?
Seymour: We can think creatively about that. For example, we can claim that municipal
authorities are concerned that suspect Apps, particularly spy Apps, are finding their way into our
municipality. This may lead to theft of confidential information such as bank account details. We
can also cite issues of cyberbullying and the sharing of pornographic materials in schools.

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QUESTIONS
a) What is Seymour referring to at the beginning of the excerpt? (2 marks)
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b) Identify and illustrate two aspects of style in this excerpt. (4 marks)
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c) Discuss two themes evident in this excerpt (4 marks)
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d) Discuss one character trait of Seymour and one character trait of Mossi as presented
in this excerpt. (4 marks)

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e) From your knowledge of the rest of the play, what two things does Mossi suggest
could be done to control the use of the Samaritan App? (2 marks)

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 f) From your knowledge of the rest of the play, briefly explain the origin of the Samaritan
App. (4 marks).

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g) According to Justice Jaden, what conditions must be met for online allegations to lead
to prosecution? (1 mark).

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g) Explain the meaning of the following words and phrases as used in the excerpt (4 marks)
i) inflation
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ii) discreet
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iii) amorphous
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iv) petition
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3. POETRY (20 MARKS)
Read the following poem and answer the questions that follow.
Lost course
Everyone needs a time alone,
I heard them say,
I woke up,
Looked around me.
I needed someone around me.
Mother? Father? Brother? Sister?
No one! No one ! Just me
I had soul-troubling issues
My studies , my search for identity
And growth ; changing here,
More changes there .
With whom shall I share?
I am all alone, no confidant!
Until ….

Boys of the hood girls of the hood,

Came to my rescue.
With perfect listening ears,
Ideal shoulders to lean on.
Just take a puff a tot and sniff….
You name it!
And all your troubles shall fly away
Who was I to pass on this chance?
A chance to save me from
Dilemma, loneliness, uncertainty?

Dilemma? Yes, Dilemma

I started with the cigarret- good!
Then followed the bottle, better!
Then bhang, woo…w!
Then miraa…wonderful!
Before long, it was the hard drugs
Cocaine, heroine,
It was awesome.

Now, I’m not what you would call a cabbage.

Can’t walk , can’t feed,
Can’t even think straight.
Unproductive!
I regret all these…

All I needed was my right

Right to have guidance for growth
To grow; grow to be me.
To be the leader and light of tomorrow
A tomorrow that now I might never see
The dragon shattered my dreams,
Don’t let it shatter yours
Be wise, be strong
Say NO!
To drugs and Yee…s
To be a bright future,
A drug-free future
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a) What is this poem talking about? (2 marks)
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b) What is the dominant mood in the first stanza? Explain your answer. (2 marks)
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c) Who is the persona in this poem? (2 marks)
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d) This poem’s message is directed to two kinds of audience. Identity the two and explain
(4 marks)
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e) Identity two features of style and illustrate. (4 marks)
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f) Explain what the following phrases mean.
i) A cabbage (1 mark)
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ii) A puff, tot, a snuff (3 marks)

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g) What feelings are projected by the last six lines of this poem? (2 marks)
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4. GRAMMAR (15 MARKS)
Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions after each. (4 marks)
(i) Walk quickly. We are late. (Combine the two sentences to form a complex sentence.)
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(ii) I agree to come only after hours of rationalizing. (Begin Only after……..)
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(iii) She lived longer than her husband. (rewrite using four words only)

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(iv) We are expecting the bride to arrive any minute. (Use bride’s instead of bride)

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(b) Explain fully the differences in meaning between the following pairs of sentences.
(2 marks)
(i) My brother who lives in the USA is a doctor.
My brother, who lives in the USA is a doctor.
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(c) Add the correct question tag to the following. (2 marks)

(i) Few students have the will to read until midnight …………………………..

(ii) I wish to go away …………………………………….

(d) Rewrite the sentences below using the correct form of the word in brackets. (4 marks)
(i) My brother does aeroplane. (Maintain)
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(ii) I take exception to your (offend) language.
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(iii) We tried in vain to (peace) The irate mob.
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(iv)You don’t have to move from one (extreme) to the next.
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(e) In each of the following sentences replace the underlined phrasal verbs with one
word to convey the same meaning. (3 marks)
(i) Someone made off with out book while we were doing manual work.
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(ii) Mary’s suggestion turned out to be a good one.
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(iii) The water in the sink ran over the kitchen was flooded.
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