Physical Education PPT New 2
Physical Education PPT New 2
Physical Education PPT New 2
School,
Panvel
Affiliation No.1130474
AISSCE- 2024-2025
Physical Education
TOPIC:
Name:
Roll No:
St.Wilfred's Sr. Sec.School, Panvel
AISSCE(CLASS XII) Investigatory Project in
Physical Education
CERTIFICATE
Certified that the entries in this project is the bona fide work of Mr. Akshay
Bhingari.
This project file was submitted for the AlSSCE(CLASS XII) Investigatory
Signature of Principal
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My Sincere effortshave made me to accomplish the task of completing
this project. Ihave taken effort in this project. However, it would not
have been possible without the kind support and help of many
individuals.
project.
his valuable guidance which has promoted my efforts in all the stages of
Swimming 3
Science. 4
Technique 5
Competitive swimming. ..6
Seasons
Officials 9
Swimwear 10
Bibliography.. ...18
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Swimming
Overview
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Science
Swimming relies on the nearly neutral buoyancy of the human body. On
average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water,
which causes the body to float. However, buoyancy varies on the basis
Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water
supports the weight of the body during swimming. As a result,
create propulsion, but this same resistance also generates drag on the
body. (Swimming,n.d.)
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Technique
Swimming can be undertaken using a wide range of styles, known as
'strokes,' and these strokes are used for different purposes, or to
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Competitive swimming
Competitive swimming became popular in the 19th century. The goal of
Open water
Inopen water swimming, where the events are swum in a body of open
water (lake or sea),there are also 5 km,10 km and 25 km events for
men and women. However, only the10km event is included in the
Olympic schedule, again for both men and women. Open-water
competitions are typically separate to other swimming competitions
with the exception of the World Championships and the Olympics.
(Swimming,n.d.)
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Swim styles
•Butterfly
•Backstroke
•Breaststroke
•Freestyle (Swimming,n.d.)
pOMEGA
Competition pools
World Championship pools must be 50 metres (160ft) (long course)
long and 25 metres (82 ft) wide, with ten lanes labelled zero to nine (or
one to ten in some pools;zero and nine (or one and ten) are usually left
(8.2 ft) wide. They willbe equipped with starting blocks at both ends of
the pooland most willhave Automatic Officiating Equipment, including
touch pads to record times and sensors to ensure the legality of relay
takeovers. The p0ol must have a minimum depth of two metres.
Other pools which host events under FINA regulations are required to
meet some but not all of these requirements. Many of these pools have
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eight, or even six, instead of ten lanes and some will be 25 metres (82
ft) long, making them Short course. World records that are set in short
course pools are kept separate from those set in long course pools
because it may be an advantageor disadvantage to swimmers to have
more or less turns in a race. (Swimming, n.d.)
Seasons
Competitive swimming, from the club through to international level,
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from September to March.The long-course season takes place in 50
meter pools and lasts from Aprilto the end of August with open water
in the summer months. (Swimming, n.d.)
Officials
There are several types of officials, which are needed to manage the
competition.
Referee: The referee has full control and authority over all
officials. The referee will enforce all rules and decisions of FINA
and shall have the final answer to all questions relating to the
actual conduct of anything regarding the meet, as well as the final
settlement of which is not otherwise covered by the rules. The
referee takes overall responsibility for running the meet and
makes the final decisions as to who wins each race. Referees call
swimmers to the blocks with short blasts of his or her whistle. This
is the signal for the swimmers to stand next to their blocks. Then
the referee will blow a long whistle that will tell the swimmers to
step on the block. For backstroke events, the long whistle is the
signal for the swimmers to jump into the water. The referee will
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with a loud noise (usually a beep or a horn) and flash from a
strobe light. A starter sendsthe swimmers off the blocks and may
call a false start if a swimmerleaves the block before the starter
sendsthem. A starter may also choose to recall the race after the
Swimwear
• Swimsuit
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below the knee for men and suits which extend past the
shoulders or cover the neck for women.
• Swim cap
A swim cap (a.k.a.cap) keeps the swimmer's hair out of the
way to reduce drag.Caps may be made of latex, silicone,
spandex or lycra.
Goggles
Goggles keep water and chlorine out of swimmers' eyes.
Goggles may be tinted to counteract glare at outdoor pools.
Prescription goggles may be used by swimmers who wear
corrective lenses.
• Swim Fins
Rubber fins are used to help kick faster and build strength and
technique, but are illegal in a race. They also improve
technique by keeping the feet in the proper position while
kicking.
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Drag suit
Swimmers use drag suits in training to increase resistance. This
• Hand paddles
Swimmers use these plasticdevices to build arm and shoulder
strength while refining hand-pulling technique. Hand paddles
attach to the hand with rubber tubing or elastic material. They
come in many different shapesand sizes, depending on
Kickboard
TR
• Pull buoy
Often used at the same time as hand paddles, pull buoys
support swimmers' legs (and prevent them from kicking) while
they focus on pulling. Pull buoys are made of foam so they float
in the water. Swimmers hold them in between the thighs. They
can also be used as a kickboard to make kicking a little harder.
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• Ankle bands
Improving balance will minimize the need for this kick to
provide an upward, instead of a forward vector, and in some
cases completely corrects the kick. Using an ankle band will
have the immediate effect of turning off your kick, which then
forces you to make efforts to correct your balance. If you are
successful in discovering these, then the ankle band has done
part of its job.
• Snorkel
through the mouth and out the nose. This technique is the
opposite of a common runner's breathing pattern, which is in
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Common Swimwear
Brands such as Arena, Speedo, Nike, and Adidas are popular
regular swimwear brands. The most durable material for
Professionalism
get a salary both from their national governing body and from outside
sponsors, semi-professionals a small stipend from their national
governing body, and amateurs receive no funding. Outside of these
major championships prize money is low -the 2015 FINA World Cup
between the top
series has a total prize fund of $3,000 per race shared
three and the 2014-15 USA Grand Prix Series $1,800 compared to the
2015 World Aquatics Championships fund of $60,000 per race shared
between the top eight.
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Health benefits
Swimming is a healthy workout that can be done for a lifetime. It is a
low-impact workout that has several mental and bodily health benefits,
The US Census Bureau reports that two and a half hours per week of
increased effort, and minimal joint or muscle pain. The water makes
the swimmerfeel lighter in the water, leaving less stress on joints.
Keeping active is important for your health, but being mentally fit is
also important. Swimming can help with this.Your mental health is ever
changing. Many different factors and life events affect it in positive and
negative ways.Stress caused by work, education, money problems,
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bereavement or relationship breakdowns can all cause mental health
conditions such as depression and anxiety. Getting older can also have
Any kind of physical activity can have a positive effect on mental health
and wellbeing, but swimming is particularly effective.Swimming for just
half an hour three times a week can lower stress levels, raise mood,
lower incidences of depression and anxiety and improve sleep
patterns.At least one in six people suffers from depression in the UK.
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P
MEDICLINIc
DIVE IN!
Swimming gives your entire body a workout,
Swimming is one of the most intense sports
because it uses so many muscles in your body.
1 2)
benefits of
swimming
Improves
flexibility
strongth
and
Builds
endurance
Strengthens
your heart
Improves
cdrculation
5
Tones and
rehabilitates
muscles
6
Builds
bonemass
LOwers stress
Takes
8
stress
your joints
9
Bulds
cardiovascular
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Swimming has been
and improves
mood
off
fit ness
Common injuries
Due to continuous rotation and usage, the shoulder (rotator cuff) is the
joint most susceptible to injury in swimmers. As opposed to a single
incident, injury to the rotator cuff in swimmers is a result of repeated
trauma and overuse. The joint is most prone to injury when the arm is
in each of the four swimming strokes in every cycle of the arms.Of the
four muscles and tendons of the rotator cuff, the injury, or tear, is most
likely to occur in the tendon of the supraspinatus. Rotator cuff
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The best way to prevent injury is to diagnose the issue early. Typically,
poor technique and excessive use without rest are the primary causes
Bibliography
Swimmer's Shoulder. (n.d.). Retrieved 1219, 2018, from
http://physioworks.com.au/injuries-conditions-1/swimmers-shoulder
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